1
|
Dahel H, Tabbara N, Burry L, Hornstein G, Williamson D, Wang HT. Optimizing Subsequent CARdiovascular Medication Reintroduction in the Intensive Care Unit. Can J Kidney Health Dis 2024; 11:20543581241276361. [PMID: 39247850 PMCID: PMC11378200 DOI: 10.1177/20543581241276361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Hospital admission for a critical illness episode creates communication breakpoints and can lead to medication discrepancies during hospital stays. Due to the patient's underlying condition and the care setting, chronic medications such as cardiovascular medication are often held, discontinued, or changed to alternative administration routes. Unfortunately, data on the optimal timing of cardiovascular drug reinitiation among intensive care unit (ICU) survivors are lacking. Objective The primary objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of chronic cardiovascular medication taken before hospital admission and discontinued at ICU discharge and hospital discharge for critically ill patients. A secondary objective was to assess factors associated with medication discontinuation. Design setting and participants We conducted a multicentered retrospective cohort study at 2 tertiary academic hospitals in Canada. All adult patients taking cardiovascular medication before ICU admission and surviving to hospital discharge between April 1, 2016, and April 1, 2017, were eligible. Main outcomes and measures The main outcome of the study was the discontinuation of cardiovascular medication prescribed before ICU admission. The outcome was assessed through participants' chart review. Results We included 352 patients with a median age of 71.0 years. A total of 155 patients (44.03%) had at least 1 cardiovascular medication discontinued during their stay. Our adjusted model uncovered 3 factors associated with cardiovascular medication discontinuation: male sex (odds ratio [OR] = 0.564, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.346-0.919), number of cardiovascular medications taken preadmission (OR = 1.669, 95% CI = 1.003-2.777 for 2 medications and OR = 3.170, 95% CI = 1.325-7.583), and the use of vasopressors (OR = 1.770, 95% CI = 1.045-2.997). Conclusion Our study uncovered that cardiovascular medication discontinuation for ICU patients is frequent, especially for renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockers. Data from our study could be used to reinforce site-specific protocols of medication reconciliation and optimization, as well as inform future protocols aimed at RAS blocker reinitiation follow-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hadjer Dahel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Najla Tabbara
- Department of Pharmacy, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lisa Burry
- Department of Pharmacy, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Han Ting Wang
- Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dickman LT, Bauman K, Carter CK, Buchanan PM. Impact of Pharmacist Intervention on Inappropriate Continuations of Antipsychotics upon ICU Discharge. J Pharm Pract 2024:8971900241281397. [PMID: 39226023 DOI: 10.1177/08971900241281397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Background: Transitions of care (TOC) are important to best practices as they are at times prone to medication errors. The intensive care unit (ICU) is an essential location needing effective TOC due to many reasons, but an important one being that certain medications are only indicated there. One example is antipsychotics used for agitation, delirium, and sedation. Objective: To design, implement, and analyze the benefit of a pharmacist intervention on inappropriate antipsychotic continuation from the ICU to another point in care at a small community hospital. Secondary outcomes include patients discharged from the hospital on antipsychotics inappropriately and accepted pharmacist interventions. Methods: This standard of care, prospective with historical control study included adult patients who were ordered a formulary antipsychotic for delirium, agitation, or sedation during their ICU-level of care admission at SSM Health: St. Clare Hospital- Fenton. Results: There were 33 patients in the historical period and 24 in the intervention period. Those in the intervention period were less likely to have a continuation of antipsychotics beyond 72 hours compared to patients in the historical period (16.7% vs 57.6%, P = 0.002). In addition, patients in the intervention period were less likely to have continuation of antipsychotics when discharged to home (12.5% vs 36.4%, P = 0.04). Conclusions: A pharmacist-driven intervention led to a significant decrease in patients continuing antipsychotics upon ICU discharge. This decrease was seen at both 72 hours from patients leaving the ICU and at hospital discharge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelsey Bauman
- Department of Pharmacy, SSM Health St Louis, Fenton, MO, USA
| | | | - Paula M Buchanan
- Department of Health and Clinical Outcomes Research, Advanced HEAlth Data (AHEAD) Institute, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gaylor MR, Hager DN, Tyson K. Where the Postanesthesia Care Unit and Intensive Care Unit Meet. Crit Care Clin 2024; 40:523-532. [PMID: 38796225 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccc.2024.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
The intensive care unit (ICU) was born from the postanesthesia care unit (PACU). In today's hospital systems, there remains a lot of overlap in the care missions of each location. The patient populations share many similarities and many of the same care, technology, and care protocols apply to patients in both units. As shown by the COVID-19 pandemic, there is immense value in maintaining protocols, processes, and staffing models for the safe care of ICU patients in the PACU when ICU demands exceed capacity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Rose Gaylor
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1800 Orleans Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
| | - David N Hager
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1800 Orleans Street, Zayed Tower, Suite 9121, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Kathleen Tyson
- Division of Critical Care Medicine Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Meyer Building, Suite 295, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hall RK, Kazancıoğlu R, Thanachayanont T, Wong G, Sabanayagam D, Battistella M, Ahmed SB, Inker LA, Barreto EF, Fu EL, Clase CM, Carrero JJ. Drug stewardship in chronic kidney disease to achieve effective and safe medication use. Nat Rev Nephrol 2024; 20:386-401. [PMID: 38491222 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-024-00823-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
People living with chronic kidney disease (CKD) often experience multimorbidity and require polypharmacy. Kidney dysfunction can also alter the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of medications, which can modify their risks and benefits; the extent of these changes is not well understood for all situations or medications. The principle of drug stewardship is aimed at maximizing medication safety and effectiveness in a population of patients through a variety of processes including medication reconciliation, medication selection, dose adjustment, monitoring for effectiveness and safety, and discontinuation (deprescribing) when no longer necessary. This Review is aimed at serving as a resource for achieving optimal drug stewardship for patients with CKD. We describe special considerations for medication use during pregnancy and lactation, during acute illness and in patients with cancer, as well as guidance for the responsible use of over-the-counter drugs, herbal remedies, supplements and sick-day rules. We also highlight inequities in medication access worldwide and suggest policies to improve access to quality and essential medications for all persons with CKD. Further strategies to promote drug stewardship include patient education and engagement, the use of digital health tools, shared decision-making and collaboration within interdisciplinary teams. Throughout, we position the person with CKD at the centre of all drug stewardship efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasheeda K Hall
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Germaine Wong
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | - Sofia B Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lesley A Inker
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Edouard L Fu
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Catherine M Clase
- Department of Medicine and Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada
| | - Juan J Carrero
- Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, and Division of Nephrology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gilliot S, Martin Mena A, Genay S, Masse M, Thibaut M, Carta N, Lannoy D, Négrier L, Barthélémy C, Décaudin B, Odou P. Factors influencing accuracy when preparing injectable drug concentrations in appliance with clinical practice: a norepinephrine case study. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2024; 31:168-170. [PMID: 35882533 PMCID: PMC10895172 DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2022-003358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Errors in injectable preparations with high-risk drugs can be fatal. This study aimed to identify the factors influencing the accuracy of high-risk injectable drug concentrations in appliances used for intensive care unit preparation practices. Norepinephrine (NE) was chosen as an example of a high-risk medication drug. The concentration (0.2 and 0.5 mg/mL), the diluent (sodium chloride 0.9% and 5% dextrose), and the container type (prefilled- and empty-infusion bag and syringe) were tested as potential variability factors. An ultraviolet spectrophotometric method was used for NE dosage. 108 NE solutions were prepared by five individuals (pharmacists or laboratory technicians) with clinical experience as well as experience in the aseptic preparation of solutions. The container type was found to be the only factor influencing the accuracy of NE concentration. NE solutions in syringes proved to be the most accurate while preparations in prefilled bags tended to underdose NE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sixtine Gilliot
- Institute of Pharmacy, CHRU Lille Pôle Spécialités Médicochirurgicales, Lille, Hauts-de-France, France
- ULR-7365 Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, University of Lille, Lille, Hauts-de-France, France
| | - Anthony Martin Mena
- ULR-7365 Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, University of Lille, Lille, Hauts-de-France, France
| | - Stéphanie Genay
- Institute of Pharmacy, CHRU Lille Pôle Spécialités Médicochirurgicales, Lille, Hauts-de-France, France
- ULR-7365 Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, University of Lille, Lille, Hauts-de-France, France
| | - Morgane Masse
- Institute of Pharmacy, CHRU Lille Pôle Spécialités Médicochirurgicales, Lille, Hauts-de-France, France
- ULR-7365 Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, University of Lille, Lille, Hauts-de-France, France
| | - Manon Thibaut
- ULR-7365 Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, University of Lille, Lille, Hauts-de-France, France
| | - Natacha Carta
- ULR-7365 Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, University of Lille, Lille, Hauts-de-France, France
| | - Damien Lannoy
- Institute of Pharmacy, CHRU Lille Pôle Spécialités Médicochirurgicales, Lille, Hauts-de-France, France
- ULR-7365 Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, University of Lille, Lille, Hauts-de-France, France
| | - Laura Négrier
- ULR-7365 Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, University of Lille, Lille, Hauts-de-France, France
| | - Christine Barthélémy
- ULR-7365 Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, University of Lille, Lille, Hauts-de-France, France
| | - Bertrand Décaudin
- Institute of Pharmacy, CHRU Lille Pôle Spécialités Médicochirurgicales, Lille, Hauts-de-France, France
- ULR-7365 Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, University of Lille, Lille, Hauts-de-France, France
| | - Pascal Odou
- Institute of Pharmacy, CHRU Lille Pôle Spécialités Médicochirurgicales, Lille, Hauts-de-France, France
- ULR-7365 Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, University of Lille, Lille, Hauts-de-France, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
DeGrazia RJ, Kalkat M, Miller L, Niessen T, Chatterjee S, Wright S. Transforming the transfer process: A quality improvement project to assess and improve transfer notes. J Healthc Risk Manag 2024; 43:6-13. [PMID: 37726956 DOI: 10.1002/jhrm.21558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Transfer notes (TNs) standardize handoffs from one inpatient unit to another to optimize patient safety. They are especially important when patients are downgraded from high acuity settings such as intensive care units (ICU). Despite this, there is a paucity of evidence around safe transfers. The study objective was to assess the impact of a quality improvement initiative on the completion rate and quality of TNs. A retrospective chart review of TNs was conducted at a single academic center in Baltimore, MD. We analyzed 76 MICU to floor transfers pre-intervention and 73 transfers during the intervention period. Note quality was determined using a novel TN assessment tool; validity evidence was established. Chi-square analysis was used to compare the presence and quality of TNs. There was a statistically significant increase in note completion rate from 19.7% to 42.5 % during the study (p < 0.003). There was a statistically significant increase in mean quality of completed TNs (10.3 pre-intervention vs. 12.3 intervention period: maximum score 15, p = 0.005). This QI intervention appears to have translated into more consistent and higher quality TNs. These improvements should facilitate better and safer care of patients moving from MICU to medical floors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert J DeGrazia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Meher Kalkat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Leslie Miller
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Timothy Niessen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Souvik Chatterjee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Scott Wright
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Boerenbeker P, Brandén AS, Chaboyer W, Hilli Y, Johansson L. Family member's experiences with and evaluation of an ICU Liaison Nurse Service: A qualitative study. Nurs Crit Care 2023; 28:854-862. [PMID: 35396916 DOI: 10.1111/nicc.12775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family members of critically ill patients often experience anxiety when their relatives are transferred from ICU to another level of care. ICU liaison nurse (ICULN) visits have been associated with improved support for patients, their families and nursing staff but has not been extensively studied in the non-English speaking setting. Yet, cross-country variations such as how hospital care is delivered and by who means that innovations such as the ICULN may not be able to be simply transferred to other contexts and may not have similar outcomes. AIM The aim of this study was to investigate family member's experiences with and evaluation of ICULN support service in one Swedish ICU. STUDY DESIGN A qualitative evaluation study was undertaken, recruiting family members of former ICU patients. Audio-taped in-depth interviews were conducted. Data were analysed by content analysis. FINDINGS Fifteen family members were interviewed. Two categories: Minds the gap between intensive care and the next care level and providing stability in an uncertain situation were identified. The ICULN supported the family members both directly, when the ICULNs listened to their questions and met their needs, and indirectly, when the ICULNs took responsibility for the patients and their physical and psychological conditions and wellbeing. CONCLUSION Families valued and were satisfied with the ICULN service but also gave suggestions to improve the service in this particular hospital context. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The study showed that an ICULN support service met several needs of family members and therefore was a beneficial way to support patients and family members in the transition from the ICU to the ward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wendy Chaboyer
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland and the School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yvonne Hilli
- Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| | - Lotta Johansson
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
- Institute of Health and Caring Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Stollings JL, Poyant JO, Groth CM, Rappaport SH, Kruer RM, Miller E, Whitten JA, Mcintire AM, McDaniel CM, Betthauser KD, Mohammad RA, Kenes MT, Korona RB, Barber AE, MacTavish P, Dixit D, Yeung SYA. An International, Multicenter Evaluation of Comprehensive Medication Management by Pharmacists in ICU Recovery Centers. J Intensive Care Med 2023; 38:957-965. [PMID: 37198935 DOI: 10.1177/08850666231176194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) is defined as a new or worsening impairment in physical, cognitive, or mental health following critical illness. Intensive care unit recovery centers (ICU-RC) are one means to treat patients who have PICS. The purpose of this study is to describe the role of pharmacists in ICU-RCs. RESEARCH QUESTION What is the number and type of medication interventions made by a pharmacist at an ICU-RC at 12 different centers? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS This prospective, observational study was conducted in 12 intensive care units (ICUs)/ICU-RCs between September 2019 and July 2021. A full medication review was conducted by a pharmacist on patients seen at the ICU-RC. RESULTS 507 patients were referred to the ICU-RC. Of these patients, 474 attended the ICU-RC and 472 had a full medication review performed by a pharmacist. Baseline demographic and hospital course data were obtained from the electronic health record and at the ICU-RC appointment. Pharmacy interventions were made in 397 (84%) patients. The median number of pharmacy interventions per patient was 2 (interquartile range [IQR] = 1,3). Medications were stopped and started in 124 (26%) and 91 (19%) patients, respectively. The number of patients that had a dose decreased and a dose increased was 51 (11%) and 43 (9%), respectively. There was no difference in the median total number of medications that the patient was prescribed at the start and end of the patient visit (10, IQR = 5, 15). Adverse drug event (ADE) preventive measures were implemented in 115 (24%) patients. ADE events were identified in 69 (15%) patients. Medication interactions were identified in 30 (6%) patients. INTERPRETATION A pharmacist plays an integral role in an ICU-RC resulting in the identification, prevention, and treatment of medication-related problems. This paper should serve as a call to action on the importance of the inclusion of a pharmacist in ICU-RC clinics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna L Stollings
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Critical Illness, Brain Dysfunction, and Survivorship (CIBS) Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Christine M Groth
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Stephen H Rappaport
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Rachel M Kruer
- Department of Pharmacy, Indiana University Health, Adult Academic Health Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Emily Miller
- Department of Pharmacy, Indiana University Health, Adult Academic Health Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | | | - Cara M McDaniel
- Department of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kevin D Betthauser
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rima A Mohammad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael T Kenes
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Alexandra E Barber
- Department of Pharmacy, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Deepali Dixit
- Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Siu Yan A Yeung
- Department of Pharmacy Services, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bourne RS, Jeffries M, Phipps DL, Jennings JK, Boxall E, Wilson F, March H, Ashcroft DM. Understanding medication safety involving patient transfer from intensive care to hospital ward: a qualitative sociotechnical factor study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e066757. [PMID: 37130684 PMCID: PMC10163459 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the sociotechnical factors affecting medication safety when intensive care patients are transferred to a hospital ward. Consideration of these medication safety factors would provide a theoretical basis, on which future interventions can be developed and evaluated to improve patient care. DESIGN Qualitative study using semistructured interviews of intensive care and hospital ward-based healthcare professionals. Transcripts were anonymised prior to thematic analysis using the London Protocol and Systems Engineering in Patient Safety V.3.0 model frameworks. SETTING Four north of England National Health Service hospitals. All hospitals used electronic prescribing in intensive care and hospital ward settings. PARTICIPANTS Intensive care and hospital ward healthcare professionals (intensive care medical staff, advanced practitioners, pharmacists and outreach team members; ward-based medical staff and clinical pharmacists). RESULTS Twenty-two healthcare professionals were interviewed. We identified 13 factors within five broad themes, describing the interactions that most strongly influenced the performance of the intensive care to hospital ward system interface. The themes were: Complexity of process performance and interactions; Time pressures and considerations; Communication processes and challenges; Technology and systems and Beliefs about consequences for the patient and organisation. CONCLUSIONS The complexity of the interactions on the system performance and time dependency was clear. We make several recommendations for policy change and further research based on improving: availability of hospital-wide integrated and functional electronic prescribing systems, patient flow systems, sufficient multiprofessional critical care staffing, knowledge and skills of staff, team performance, communication and collaboration and patient and family engagement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard S Bourne
- Department of Pharmacy, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Mark Jeffries
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- NIHR Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Denham L Phipps
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jennifer K Jennings
- Department of Pharmacy, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Emma Boxall
- Department of Pharmacy, Salford Royal Hospital, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
| | - Franki Wilson
- Department of Pharmacy, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Helen March
- Department of Pharmacy, Royal Oldham Hospital, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Oldham, UK
| | - Darren M Ashcroft
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- NIHR Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Martínez Pradeda A, Albiñana Pérez MS, Fernández Oliveira C, Díaz Lamas A, Rey Abalo M, Margusino-Framiñan L, Cid Silva P, Martín Herranz MI. Medication reconciliation for patients after their discharge from intensive care unit to the hospital ward. FARMACIA HOSPITALARIA 2023; 47:121-126. [PMID: 37059685 DOI: 10.1016/j.farma.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine whether the transition of care from the intensive care unit to the ward would pose a high risk for reconciliation errors. The primary outcome of this study was to describe and quantify the discrepancies and reconciliation errors. Secondary outcomes included classification of the reconciliation errors by type of medication error, therapeutic group of the drugs involved and grade of potential severity. METHODS We conducted a retrospective observational study of reconciliated adult patients discharged from the Intensive Care Unit to the ward. Before a patient was discharged from the intensive care unit, their last intensive care unit's prescriptions were compared with their proposed medication list in the ward. The discrepancies between these were classified as justified discrepancies or reconciliation errors. Reconciliation errors were classified by type of error, potential severity, and therapeutic group. RESULTS We found that 452 patients were reconciliated. At least one discrepancy was detected in 34.29% (155/452), and 18.14% (82/452) had at least one reconciliation errors. The most found error types were a different dose or administration route (31.79% (48/151)) and omission errors (31.79% (48/151)). High alert medication was involved in 19.20% of reconciliation errors (29/151). CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that intensive care unit to non-intensive care unit transitions are high-risk processes for reconciliation error. They frequently occur and occasionally involve high alert medication, and their severity could require additional monitoring or cause temporary harm. Medication reconciliation can reduce reconciliation errors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ana Díaz Lamas
- Critical Care Unit, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain.
| | - Marta Rey Abalo
- Critical Care Unit, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Martínez Pradeda A, Albiñana Pérez MS, Fernández Oliveira C, Díaz Lamas A, Rey Abalo M, Margusino Framiñan L, Cid Silva P, Martín Herranz MI. Medication reconciliation for patients after their discharge from intensive care unit to the hospital ward. FARMACIA HOSPITALARIA 2023; 47:T121-T126. [PMID: 37246122 DOI: 10.1016/j.farma.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine whether the transition of care from the intensive care unit to the ward would pose a high risk for reconciliation errors. The primary outcome of this study was to describe and quantify the discrepancies and reconciliation errors. Secondary outcomes included classification of the reconciliation errors by type of medication error, therapeutic group of the drugs involved and grade of potential severity. METHODS We conducted a retrospective observational study of reconciliated adult patients discharged from the Intensive Care Unit to the ward. Before a patient was discharged from the intensive care unit, their last intensive care unit's prescriptions were compared with their proposed medication list in the ward. The discrepancies between these were classified as justified discrepancies or reconciliation errors. Reconciliation errors were classified by type of error, potential severity, and therapeutic group. RESULTS We found that 452 patients were reconciliated. At least one discrepancy was detected in 34.29% (155/452), and 18.14% (82/452) had at least one reconciliation errors. The most found error types were a different dose or administration route (31.79% [48/151]) and omission errors (31.79% [48/151]). High alert medication was involved in 19.20% of reconciliation errors (29/151). CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that intensive care unit to non-intensive care unit transitions are high-risk processes for reconciliation error. They frequently occur and occasionally involve high alert medication, and their severity could require additional monitoring or cause temporary harm. Medication reconciliation can reduce reconciliation errors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ana Díaz Lamas
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, A Coruña, España
| | - Marta Rey Abalo
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, A Coruña, España
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yin J, Shi H, Li C. Effect of participation of typical clinical pharmacists in patient medication in ICUs with different approaches: An investigation and case analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14345. [PMID: 36967888 PMCID: PMC10031315 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate and study the impact on patient recovery of pharmacists' participation in the medication guidance and intervention of patients in intensive care units (ICUs). Patients and methods We analyzed the drug use and typical cases of patients in the ICU of our hospital during clinical pharmacists' consultations or active monitoring from July 2019 to December 2020. This study included a total of 292 cases, which were distributed in the following eight areas: drug adjustment based on patients with hepatic and renal insufficiency,optimisation of treatment regimens based on drug interaction, identification and intervention based on adverse drug reactions, selection of blood purification methods based on drug intoxication, infusion access adjustment based on drug compatibility, drug adjustment based on genetic testing, antibiotic dose adjustment based on pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) and others. The main observation indexes included consultation opinion efficiency rates and acceptance rates. The acceptance rate is calculated according to the acceptance of the clinical pharmacist's opinion by the competent doctor (fully accepted, partially accepted, not accepted). Calculate the efficiency rate according to the effect of the intervention measures. Definition of effectiveness: improvement of therapeutic effect of drugs; Avoid the occurrence of potential adverse drug reactions; Avoid the occurrence of potential drug compatibility reaction (for example, adjust the infusion sequence to avoid turbidity and sedimentation in the infusion pathway). Results The results showed that clinical pharmacists participated in 292 cases of consultation or active monitoring of patients in the hospital's ICU based mainly on specific patient medications, drug interactions, adverse drug reactions, blood purification therapy, drug compatibility/venous infusion pathways, blood drug concentrations/drug-gene monitoring, drug PK/PD, etc. The doctor in charge acceptance rate of the consultation advice was 88.46% (completely accepted by 59.3%, partially accepted by 30.8%), and the effective rate of the consultation was 80.2%. Conclusion Based on different purposes of intervention, the acceptance rate and efficiency rate were different. The efficiency rate with complete acceptance was significantly higher than that with partial acceptance or non-acceptance. The intervention opinions proposed by a comprehensive team in which pharmacists participate are of great help to patients and can reduce adverse reactions and medication risks. The higher the acceptance rate of their opinions, the higher the effective rate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin 4th Center Hospital, Tianjin, 300142, China
| | - Haiwen Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin 4th Center Hospital, Tianjin, 300142, China
| | - Changjun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin 4th Center Hospital, Tianjin, 300142, China
- Corresponding author. Department of pharmacy Tianjin 4th center hospital, No. 1 of Zhongshan Road, Hebei District, Tianjin, 300000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Vaghasiya MR, Poon SK, Gunja N, Penm J. The Impact of an Electronic Medication Management System on Medication Deviations on Admission and Discharge from Hospital. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1879. [PMID: 36767245 PMCID: PMC9915082 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Medication errors at transition of care remain a concerning issue. In recent times, the use of integrated electronic medication management systems (EMMS) has caused a reduction in medication errors, but its effectiveness in reducing medication deviations at transition of care has not been studied in hospital-wide settings in Australia. The aim of this study is to assess medication deviations, such as omissions and mismatches, pre-EMMS and post-EMMS implementation at transition of care across a hospital. In this study, patient records were reviewed retrospectively to identify medication deviations (medication omissions and medication mismatches) at admission and discharge from hospital. A total of 400 patient records were reviewed (200 patients in the pre-EMMS and 200 patients in the post-EMMS group). Out of 400 patients, 112 in the pre-EMMS group and 134 patients in post-EMMS group met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. A total of 105 out of 246 patients (42.7%) had any medication deviations on their medications. In the pre-EMMS group, 59 out of 112 (52.7%) patients had any deviations on their medications compared to 46 out of 134 patients (34.3%) from the post-EMMS group (p = 0.004). The proportion of patients with medication omitted from inpatient orders was 36.6% in the pre-EMMS cohort vs. 22.4% in the post-EMMS cohort (p = 0.014). Additionally, the proportion of patients with mismatches in medications on the inpatient charts compared to their medication history was 4.5% in the pre-EMMS group compared to 0% in the post-EMMS group (p = 0.019). Similarly, the proportion of patients with medications omitted from their discharge summary was 23.2% in the pre-EMMS group vs. 12.7% in the post-EMMS group (p = 0.03). Our study demonstrates a reduction in medication deviations after the implementation of the EMMS in hospital settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milan R. Vaghasiya
- Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- Digital Health Solutions, Western Sydney Local Health District, North Parramatta, NSW 2151, Australia
| | - Simon K. Poon
- Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- Digital Health Solutions, Western Sydney Local Health District, North Parramatta, NSW 2151, Australia
| | - Naren Gunja
- Digital Health Solutions, Western Sydney Local Health District, North Parramatta, NSW 2151, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine & Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jonathan Penm
- Faculty of Medicine & Health, School of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- Department of Pharmacy, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Otero MJ, Merino de Cos P, Aquerreta Gónzalez I, Bodí M, Domingo Chiva E, Marrero Penichet SM, Martín Muñoz R, Martín Delgado MC. Assessment of the implementation of safe medication practices in Intensive Medicine Units. Med Intensiva 2022; 46:680-689. [PMID: 35660285 DOI: 10.1016/j.medine.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the level of implementation of medication safety practices in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) and to identify opportunities for improvement. DESIGN A descriptive multicenter study was carried out. SETTING Intensive Care Units. PARTICIPANTS/PROCEDURE A total of 40 ICUs voluntarily completed the "Medication use-system safety self-assessment for Intensive Care Units" between March and September 2020. The survey comprised 147 items for evaluation grouped into 10 key elements. MAIN VARIABLES Calculation was made of the mean scores and mean percentages based on the maximum possible values for the overall survey, referred to the key elements and to each individual item for evaluation. RESULTS The mean score of the overall questionnaire among the participating ICUs was 436.8 (49.2% of the maximum possible score). No differences were found according to functional dependence, size of the hospital or type of ICU. The key elements referred to the incorporation of clinical pharmacists in these Units, as well as the competence and training of the professionals in safety practices yielded the lowest values (31.2% and 33.2%, respectively). Three other key elements related to accessibility to information about patients and medicines; to the standardization, storage and distribution of medicines; and to the quality and risk management programs, yielded percentages <50%. CONCLUSIONS Numerous effective safety medication practices have been identified with a low level of implementation in ICUs. This situation must be addressed in order to reduce medication errors in critically ill patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Otero
- Instituto para el Uso Seguro de los Medicamentos (ISMP-España), IBSAL-Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - P Merino de Cos
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Can Misses, Ibiza, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | | | - M Bodí
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - E Domingo Chiva
- Servicio de Farmacia, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain
| | - S M Marrero Penichet
- Servicio de Farmacia, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - R Martín Muñoz
- Instituto para el Uso Seguro de los Medicamentos (ISMP-España), IBSAL-Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - M C Martín Delgado
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital de Universitario de Torrejón, Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
van der Nat DJ, Huiskes VJB, Taks M, van den Bemt BJF, van Onzenoort HAW. Barriers and facilitators for the usage of a personal health record for medication reconciliation: A qualitative study among patients. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2022; 88:4751-4762. [PMID: 35584863 PMCID: PMC9796132 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Personal health records (PHRs) are more often used for medication reconciliation (MR). However, patients' adoption rate is low. We aimed to provide insight into patients' barriers and facilitators for the usage of a PHR for MR prior to an in- or outpatient visit. METHODS A qualitative study was conducted among PHR users and non-users who had a planned visit at the outpatient rheumatology department or the inpatient cardiology or neurology department. About 1 week after the hospital visit, patients were interviewed about barriers and facilitators for the usage of a PHR for MR using a semi-structured interview guide based on the theoretical domains framework. Afterwards, data were analysed following thematic analysis. RESULTS Ten PHR users and non-users were interviewed. Barriers and facilitators were classified in four domains: patient, application, process and context. We identified 14 barriers including limited (health) literacy and/or computer skills, practical and technical issues, ambiguity about who is responsible (the patient or the healthcare provider) and lack of data exchange and connectivity between applications. Besides that, ten facilitators were identified including being place and time independent, improve usability, target patients who benefit most and/or have sufficient skills, and integration of different applications. CONCLUSION Barriers and facilitators identified at the patient, application, process and context level, need to be addressed to effectively develop and implement PHRs for MR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Victor J. B. Huiskes
- Department of PharmacySt. MaartenskliniekNijmegenthe Netherlands,Department of Pharmacy, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences (RIHS)Radboud University Medical CentreNijmegen
| | - Margot Taks
- Department of Clinical PharmacyAmphia HospitalBredathe Netherlands
| | - Bart J. F. van den Bemt
- Department of PharmacySt. MaartenskliniekNijmegenthe Netherlands,Department of Pharmacy, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences (RIHS)Radboud University Medical CentreNijmegen,Department of Clinical Pharmacy and ToxicologyMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastricht
| | - Hein A. W. van Onzenoort
- Department of Pharmacy, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences (RIHS)Radboud University Medical CentreNijmegen,Department of Clinical Pharmacy and ToxicologyMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastricht
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ciarkowski C, Vaughn VM. Antibiotic documentation: death by a thousand clicks. BMJ Qual Saf 2022; 31:773-775. [PMID: 38467424 DOI: 10.1136/bmjqs-2022-015020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Ciarkowski
- Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Valerie M Vaughn
- Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Nunes GDK, Campos JF, da Silva RC. Intravenous therapy device labeling in Intensive Care Units: an integrative review. Rev Bras Enferm 2022; 75:e20220049. [PMID: 36197432 PMCID: PMC9730860 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2022-0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to synthesize the evidence on intravenous device labeling used to identify medications administered to patients in Intensive Care Units, with a view to preventing medication errors. METHODS an integrative review, in the LILACS, IBECS, Embase, MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science and CINAHL databases, from November to December 2021, using descriptors and selection criteria. Data were collected in 11 articles and subsequently classified, summarized and aggregated. RESULTS pre-designed labels, with pre-defined colors and information, help to prevent medication identification errors. There is still a lack of standardization in the practice of labeling syringes, intravenous lines, infusion pumps and saline solution bags. There are errors related to the lack of labeling devices or to their performance with incomplete information. CONCLUSIONS device labeling is a barrier to defending the medication system safety and should be standardized.
Collapse
|
18
|
Bourne RS, Jennings JK, Panagioti M, Hodkinson A, Sutton A, Ashcroft DM. Medication-related interventions to improve medication safety and patient outcomes on transition from adult intensive care settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Qual Saf 2022; 31:609-622. [PMID: 35042765 PMCID: PMC9304084 DOI: 10.1136/bmjqs-2021-013760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients recovering from an episode in an intensive care unit (ICU) frequently experience medication errors on transition to the hospital ward. Structured handover recommendations often underestimate the challenges and complexity of ICU patient transitions. For adult ICU patients transitioning to a hospital ward, it is currently unclear what interventions reduce the risks of medication errors.The aims were to examine the impact of medication-related interventions on medication and patient outcomes on transition from adult ICU settings and identify barriers and facilitators to implementation. METHODS The systematic review protocol was preregistered on PROSPERO. Six electronic databases were searched until October 2020 for controlled and uncontrolled study designs that reported medication-related (ie, de-prescribing; medication errors) or patient-related outcomes (ie, mortality; length of stay). Risk of bias (RoB) assessment used V.2.0 and ROBINS-I Cochrane tools. Where feasible, random-effects meta-analysis was used for pooling the OR across studies. The quality of evidence was assessed by Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations. RESULTS Seventeen studies were eligible, 15 (88%) were uncontrolled before-after studies. The intervention components included education of staff (n=8 studies), medication review (n=7), guidelines (n=6), electronic transfer/handover tool or letter (n=4) and medicines reconciliation (n=4). Overall, pooled analysis of all interventions reduced risk of inappropriate medication continuation at ICU discharge (OR=0.45 (95% CI 0.31 to 0.63), I2=55%, n=9) and hospital discharge (OR=0.39 (95% CI 0.2 to 0.76), I2=75%, n=9). Multicomponent interventions, based on education of staff and guidelines, demonstrated no significant difference in inappropriate medication continuation at the ICU discharge point (OR 0.5 (95% CI 0.22 to 1.11), I2=62%, n=4), but were very effective in increasing de-prescribing outcomes on hospital discharge (OR 0.26 (95% CI 0.13 to 0.55), I2=67%, n=6)). Facilitators to intervention delivery included ICU clinical pharmacist availability and participation in multiprofessional ward rounds, while barriers included increased workload associated with the discharge intervention process. CONCLUSIONS Multicomponent interventions based on education of staff and guidelines were effective at achieving almost four times more de-prescribing of inappropriate medication by the time of patient hospital discharge. Based on the findings, practice and policy recommendations are made and guidance is provided on the need for, and design of theory informed interventions in this area, including the requirement for process and economic evaluations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard S Bourne
- Pharmacy and Critical Care, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jennifer K Jennings
- Pharmacy and Critical Care, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Maria Panagioti
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre (PSTRC), School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Alexander Hodkinson
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) School for Primary Care Research, Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Anthea Sutton
- School of Health and Related Sciences (ScHARR), The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Darren M Ashcroft
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre (PSTRC), School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mohammad RA, Eze C, Marshall VD, Coe AB, Costa DK, Thompson A, Pitcher M, Haezebrouck E, McSparron JI. The impact of a clinical pharmacist in an interprofessional intensive care unit recovery clinic providing care to intensive care unit survivors. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CLINICAL PHARMACY 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jac5.1671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rima A. Mohammad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy University of Michigan College of Pharmacy Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Chinwe Eze
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy University of Michigan College of Pharmacy Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Vincent D. Marshall
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy University of Michigan College of Pharmacy Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Antoinette B. Coe
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy University of Michigan College of Pharmacy Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Deena Kelly Costa
- University of Michigan School of Nursing and University of Michigan Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Amy Thompson
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy University of Michigan College of Pharmacy Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Mari Pitcher
- Michigan Medicine and University of Michigan School of Social Work Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Evan Haezebrouck
- Department of Physical Therapy Michigan Medicine Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Jakob I. McSparron
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
McCarthy S, Laaksonen R, Silvari V. Transition of care from adult intensive care settings - implementing interventions to improve medication safety and patient outcomes. BMJ Qual Saf 2022; 31:565-568. [PMID: 35508374 DOI: 10.1136/bmjqs-2021-014443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Raisa Laaksonen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Virginia Silvari
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Pharmacy Department, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang Y, Zhang X, Hu X, Sun X, Wang Y, Huang K, Sun S, Lv X, Xie X. Evaluation of medication risk at the transition of care: a cross-sectional study of patients from the ICU to the non-ICU setting. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e049695. [PMID: 35428614 PMCID: PMC9013992 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the incidence and types of medication errors occurring during the transfer of patients from the intensive care unit (ICU) to the non-ICU setting and explore the key factors affecting medication safety in transfer care. DESIGN Multicentre, retrospective, epidemiological study. PARTICIPANTS Patients transferred from the ICU to a non-ICU setting between 1 July 2019 and 30 June 2020. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Incidence and types of medication errors. RESULTS Of the 1546 patients transferred during the study period, 899 (58.15%) had at least one medication error. Most errors (83.00%) were National Coordinating Council (NCC) for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention (MERP) category C. A small number of errors (17.00%) were category D. Among patients with medication errors, there was an average of 1.68 (SD, 0.90; range, 1-5) errors per patient. The most common types of errors were route of administration 570 (37.85%), dosage 271 (17.99%) and frequency 139 (9.23%). Eighty-three per cent of medication errors reached patients but did not cause harm. Daytime ICU transfer (07:00-14:59) and an admission diagnosis of severe kidney disease were found to be factors associated with the occurrence of medication errors as compared with the reference category (OR, 1.40; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.95; OR, 6.78; 95% CI 1.46 to 31.60, respectively).Orders for bronchorespiratory (OR, 5.92; 95% CI 4.2 to 8.32), cardiovascular (OR, 1.91; 95% CI 1.34 to 2.73), hepatic (OR, 1.95; 95% CI 1.30 to 2.91), endocrine (OR, 1.99; 95% CI 1.37 to 2.91), haematologic (OR, 2.58; 95% CI 1.84 to 3.64), anti-inflammatory/pain (OR, 2.80; 95% CI 1.90 to 4.12) and vitamin (OR, 1.73; 95% CI 1.26 to 2.37) medications at transition of care were associated with an increased odds of medication error. CONCLUSIONS More than half of ICU patients experienced medication errors during the transition of care. The vast majority of medication errors reached the patient but did not cause harm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xueting Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xu Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xuqun Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Kaiyu Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Sijia Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiongwen Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xuefeng Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mahomedradja RF, van den Beukel TO, van den Bos M, Wang S, Kalverda KA, Lissenberg-Witte BI, Kuijvenhoven MA, Nossent EJ, Muller M, Sigaloff KCE, Tichelaar J, van Agtmael MA. Prescribing errors in post - COVID-19 patients: prevalence, severity, and risk factors in patients visiting a post - COVID-19 outpatient clinic. BMC Emerg Med 2022; 22:35. [PMID: 35247982 PMCID: PMC8897739 DOI: 10.1186/s12873-022-00588-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has challenged healthcare globally. An acute increase in the number of hospitalized patients has necessitated a rigorous reorganization of hospital care, thereby creating circumstances that previously have been identified as facilitating prescribing errors (PEs), e.g. a demanding work environment, a high turnover of doctors, and prescribing beyond expertise. Hospitalized COVID-19 patients may be at risk of PEs, potentially resulting in patient harm. We determined the prevalence, severity, and risk factors for PEs in post–COVID-19 patients, hospitalized during the first wave of COVID-19 in the Netherlands, 3 months after discharge. Methods This prospective observational cohort study recruited patients who visited a post-COVID-19 outpatient clinic of an academic hospital in the Netherlands, 3 months after COVID-19 hospitalization, between June 1 and October 1 2020. All patients with appointments were eligible for inclusion. The prevalence and severity of PEs were assessed in a multidisciplinary consensus meeting. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated by univariate and multivariate analysis to identify independent risk factors for PEs. Results Ninety-eight patients were included, of whom 92% had ≥1 PE and 8% experienced medication-related harm requiring an immediate change in medication therapy to prevent detoriation. Overall, 68% of all identified PEs were made during or after the COVID-19 related hospitalization. Multivariate analyses identified ICU admission (OR 6.08, 95% CI 2.16–17.09) and a medical history of COPD / asthma (OR 5.36, 95% CI 1.34–21.5) as independent risk factors for PEs. Conclusions PEs occurred frequently during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Patients admitted to an ICU during COVID-19 hospitalization or who had a medical history of COPD / asthma were at risk of PEs. These risk factors can be used to identify high-risk patients and to implement targeted interventions. Awareness of prescribing safely is crucial to prevent harm in this new patient population. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12873-022-00588-7.
Collapse
|
23
|
Safety Influencing Factors and Management Countermeasures of Patients Transferred from ICU in Transition Period Based on Intelligent Processor Three-Dimensional Quality Model. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:1455830. [PMID: 35126898 PMCID: PMC8808119 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1455830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
With the development of science and technology of the times, the level of medical care is constantly improving. For patients transferred from ICU, the intelligent processor 3D quality model technology has gradually played an important role in clinical treatment and has become a new type of attention. In order to understand the implementation status of transitional care and the feelings of transitional care for patients transferred from ICU and understand the views of transitional care-related department doctors on transitional patient care and the role that the intelligent processor three-dimensional quality model can play, this article passed a review of the city ICU transferred patients from a hospital that conducted related investigations, reviewed related literature, conducted interviews with professionals, etc., collected relevant information, constructed case templates, and created a clinical research model using comprehensive quantitative and qualitative analysis methods. The results of the study found that, after treatment, patients transferred from the ICU based on the intelligent processor's three-dimensional quality model have higher physical activity than patients treated by other methods, the ratio is more than 20%, and the postoperative recovery efficiency of patients is higher than 15% and more. This shows that the three-dimensional quality model based on the intelligent processor can improve the important role in the transition period of patients transferred from ICU.
Collapse
|
24
|
Mohammad RA, Nguyen CT, Costello PG, Poyant JO, Yan Amy Yeung S, Landolf K, Kim A, Artman KL, Taylor DC, Kenes MT, Alkhateeb T, Stollings JL. Medication Changes and Diagnosis of New Chronic Illnesses in COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit Survivors. Ann Pharmacother 2022; 56:973-980. [DOI: 10.1177/10600280211063319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, there is limited literature on the impact of the COVID-19 infection on medications and medical conditions in COVID-19 intensive care unit (ICU) survivors. Our study is, to our knowledge, the first multicenter study to describe the prevalence of new medical conditions and medication changes at hospital discharge in COVID-19 ICU survivors. Objective To determine the number of medical conditions and medications at hospital admission compared to at hospital discharge in COVID-19 ICU survivors. Methods Retrospective multicenter observational study (7 ICUs) evaluated new medical conditions and medication changes at hospital discharge in patients with COVID-19 infection admitted to an ICU between March 1, 2020, to March 1, 2021. Patient and hospital characteristics, baseline and hospital discharge medication and medical conditions, ICU and hospital length of stay, and Charlson comorbidity index were collected. Descriptive statistics were used to describe patient characteristics and number and type of medical conditions and medications. Paired t-test was used to compare number of medical conditions and medications from hospital discharge to admission. Results Of the 973 COVID-19 ICU survivors, 67.4% had at least one new medical condition and 88.2% had at least one medication change. Median number of medical conditions (increased from 3 to 4, P < .0001) and medications (increased from 5 to 8, P < .0001) increased from admission to discharge. Most common new medical conditions at discharge were pulmonary disorders, venous thromboembolism, psychiatric disorders, infection, and diabetes. Most common therapeutic categories associated with medication change were cardiology, gastroenterology, pain, hematology, and endocrinology. Conclusion and Relevance Our study found that the number of medical conditions and medications increased from hospital admission to discharge. Our results provide additional data to help guide providers on using targeted approaches to manage medications and diseases in COVID-19 ICU survivors after hospital discharge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rima A. Mohammad
- Department of Ambulatory Pharmacy, Michigan Medicine, and Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Cynthia T. Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Patrick G. Costello
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Siu Yan Amy Yeung
- Division of Critical Care, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kaitlin Landolf
- Division of Critical Care, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andy Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Katherine L. Artman
- Department of Pharmacy Services, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Dakota C. Taylor
- Department of Pharmacy Services, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Michael T. Kenes
- Department of Pharmacy, Michigan Medicine, and Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tuqa Alkhateeb
- Department of Pharmacy, Critical Illness, Brain Dysfunction, and Survivorship (CIBS) Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Joanna L. Stollings
- Department of Pharmacy, Critical Illness, Brain Dysfunction, and Survivorship (CIBS) Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Nunes GDK, Campos JF, Silva RCD. Rotulagem de dispositivos de terapia intravenosa em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva: revisão integrativa. Rev Bras Enferm 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2022-0049pt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivos: sintetizar as evidências sobre a rotulagem de dispositivos intravenosos utilizada para a identificação de medicamentos administrados nos pacientes em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva, com vistas à prevenção dos erros de medicação. Métodos: revisão integrativa, nas bases de dados LILACS, IBECS, Embase, MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science e CINAHL, no período de novembro-dezembro de 2021, com uso de descritores e emprego de critérios de seleção. Os dados foram coletados em 11 artigos e, posteriormente, classificados, sumarizados e agregados. Resultados: rótulos pré-desenhados, com cores e informações pré-definidas contribuem para prevenir os erros de identificação dos medicamentos. Persiste a falta de padronização da prática de rotulagem em seringas, linhas intravenosas, bomba infusoras e bolsas de soro. Há erros relacionados à ausência de rotulagem dos dispositivos ou à sua realização com informações incompletas. Conclusões: a rotulagem dos dispositivos é uma barreira para a defesa da segurança do sistema de medicação, devendo ser padronizada.
Collapse
|
26
|
Rech MA, Gurnani PK, Peppard WJ, Smetana KS, Van Berkel MA, Hammond DA, Flannery AH. PHarmacist Avoidance or Reductions in Medical Costs in CRITically Ill Adults: PHARM-CRIT Study. Crit Care Explor 2021; 3:e0594. [PMID: 34913039 PMCID: PMC8668016 DOI: 10.1097/cce.0000000000000594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To comprehensively classify interventions performed by ICU clinical pharmacists and quantify cost avoidance generated through their accepted interventions. DESIGN A multicenter, prospective, observational study was performed between August 2018 and January 2019. SETTING Community hospitals and academic medical centers in the United States. PARTICIPANTS ICU clinical pharmacists. INTERVENTIONS Recommendations classified into one of 38 intervention categories (divided into six unique sections) associated with cost avoidance. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Two-hundred fifteen ICU pharmacists at 85 centers performed 55,926 interventions during 3,148 shifts that were accepted on 27,681 adult patient days and generated $23,404,089 of cost avoidance. The quantity of accepted interventions and cost avoidance generated in six established sections was adverse drug event prevention (5,777 interventions; $5,822,539 CA), resource utilization (12,630 interventions; $4,491,318), individualization of patient care (29,284 interventions; $9,680,036 cost avoidance), prophylaxis (1,639 interventions; $1,414,465 cost avoidance), hands-on care (1,828 interventions; $1,339,621 cost avoidance), and administrative/supportive tasks (4,768 interventions; $656,110 cost avoidance). Mean cost avoidance was $418 per intervention, $845 per patient day, and $7,435 per ICU pharmacist shift. The annualized cost avoidance from an ICU pharmacist is $1,784,302. The potential monetary cost avoidance to pharmacist salary ratio was between $3.3:1 and $9.6:1. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacist involvement in the care of critically ill patients results in significant avoidance of healthcare costs, particularly in the areas of individualization of patient care, adverse drug event prevention, and resource utilization. The potential monetary cost avoidance to pharmacist salary ratio employing an ICU clinical pharmacist is between $3.3:1 and $9.6:1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan A Rech
- Department of Pharmacy, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL
| | - Payal K Gurnani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL
| | - William J Peppard
- Department of Pharmacy, Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Keaton S Smetana
- Department of Pharmacy, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | | | - Drayton A Hammond
- Department of Pharmacy, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL
- Department of Pharmacy, Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Pharmacy, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- Department of Pharmacy, Erlanger Medical Center, Chattanooga, TN
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky HealthCare, Lexington, KY
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Lexington, KY
| | - Alexander H Flannery
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky HealthCare, Lexington, KY
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Lexington, KY
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu LM, Liu MT, Sun MJ, Wang JN, Lin BL, Wang P, Li QF. Validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the partners at care transitions measure. BMC Health Serv Res 2021; 21:1284. [PMID: 34844597 PMCID: PMC8630870 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-07298-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Partners at Care Transitions Measure (PACT-M) is a measure that assesses the quality and safety of care during the transition from hospital to home from the patient's perspective. The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the PACT-M in Mainland China. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study. A convenience sample of patients was recruited from three tertiary hospitals affiliated with Zhengzhou University, China. A total of 402 participants were interviewed before discharge, and 306 participants were interviewed one month after discharge from hospital to home using the Chinese version of the PACT-M. The statistical methods used in this study include the critical ratio value, item total correlation, test-retest, Cronbach's alpha, confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory factor analysis. RESULTS The Chinese version of the PACT-M consists of PACT-M1 and PACT-M2, both of which have two dimensions, the number of items in both parts are consistent with the original English language version. The Cronbach's alpha values of the PACT-M1 and PACT-M2 were 0.802 and 0.741, and the test-retest reliability values were 0.885 and 0.837. The item content validity index and scale content validity index values of the PACT-M1 and PACT-M2 were all 1.0. CONCLUSION The Chinese version of the PACT-M shows acceptable validity and reliability and can be used to assess the quality and safety of transitional care from hospital to home from the patient's perspective in mainland China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- La-Mei Liu
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, High-tech district, Zhengzhou City, 450000, Henan province, China. .,School of Nursing, Philippine Women's University, Manila, Philippines.
| | - Ment-Ting Liu
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, High-tech district, Zhengzhou City, 450000, Henan province, China
| | - Meng-Jie Sun
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, High-tech district, Zhengzhou City, 450000, Henan province, China
| | - Jia-Nan Wang
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, High-tech district, Zhengzhou City, 450000, Henan province, China
| | - Bei-Lei Lin
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, High-tech district, Zhengzhou City, 450000, Henan province, China
| | - Peng Wang
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, High-tech district, Zhengzhou City, 450000, Henan province, China
| | - Qiu-Fang Li
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, High-tech district, Zhengzhou City, 450000, Henan province, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Otero MJ, Merino de Cos P, Aquerreta González I, Bodí M, Domingo Chiva E, Marrero Penichet SM, Martín Muñoz R, Martín Delgado MC. Assessment of the implementation of safe medication practices in Intensive Medicine Units. Med Intensiva 2021; 46:S0210-5691(21)00176-5. [PMID: 34452772 DOI: 10.1016/j.medin.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the level of implementation of medication safety practices in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) and to identify opportunities for improvement. DESIGN A descriptive multicenter study was carried out. SETTING Intensive Care Units. PARTICIPANTS/PROCEDURE A total of 40 ICUs voluntarily completed the "Medication use-system safety self-assessment for Intensive Care Units" between March and September 2020. The survey comprised 147 items for evaluation grouped into 10 key elements. MAIN VARIABLES Calculation was made of the mean scores and mean percentages based on the maximum possible values for the overall survey, for the key elements and for each individual item for evaluation. RESULTS The mean score of the overall questionnaire among the participating ICUs was 436.8 (49.2% of the maximum possible score). No differences were found according to functional dependence, size of the hospital or type of ICU. The key elements referred to the incorporation of clinical pharmacists in these units, as well as the competence and training of the professionals in safety practices yielded the lowest values (31.2% and 33.2%, respectively). Three other key elements related to accessibility to information about patients and medicines; to the standardization, storage and distribution of medicines; and to the quality and risk management programs, yielded percentages below 50%. CONCLUSIONS Numerous effective safety medication practices have been identified with a low level of implementation in ICUs. This situation must be addressed in order to reduce medication errors in critically ill patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Otero
- Instituto para el Uso Seguro de los Medicamentos (ISMP-España), IBSAL-Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, España.
| | - P Merino de Cos
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Can Misses, Ibiza, Islas Baleares, España
| | | | - M Bodí
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, España
| | - E Domingo Chiva
- Servicio de Farmacia, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, España
| | - S M Marrero Penichet
- Servicio de Farmacia, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, España
| | - R Martín Muñoz
- Instituto para el Uso Seguro de los Medicamentos (ISMP-España), IBSAL-Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, España
| | - M C Martín Delgado
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital de Universitario de Torrejón, Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, España
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
King PK, Burkhardt C, Rafferty A, Wooster J, Walkerly A, Thurber K, Took R, Masterson J, St. Peter WL, Furuno JP, Williams E, Ferren J, Rascon K. Quality measures of clinical pharmacy services during transitions of care. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CLINICAL PHARMACY 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jac5.1479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Roxane Took
- American College of Clinical Pharmacy Lenexa Kansas USA
| | | | | | - Jon P. Furuno
- American College of Clinical Pharmacy Lenexa Kansas USA
| | - Evan Williams
- American College of Clinical Pharmacy Lenexa Kansas USA
| | - Janie Ferren
- American College of Clinical Pharmacy Lenexa Kansas USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Dixit D, Barbarello Andrews L, Radparvar S, Adams C, Kumar ST, Cardinale M. Descriptive analysis of the unwarranted continuation of antipsychotics for the management of ICU delirium during transitions of care: A multicenter evaluation across New Jersey. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2021; 78:1385-1394. [PMID: 33895793 DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/zxab180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Nearly half of intensive care unit (ICU) patients will develop delirium. Antipsychotics are used routinely for the management of ICU delirium despite limited reliable data supporting this approach. The unwarranted continuation of antipsychotics initiated for ICU delirium is an emerging transitions of care concern, especially considering the adverse event profile of these agents. We sought to evaluate the magnitude of this issue across 6 centers in New Jersey and describe risk factors for continuation. METHODS This multicenter, retrospective study examined adult ICU patients who developed ICU delirium from June 2016 to June 2018. Patients were included in the study if they received at least 3 doses of antipsychotics while in the ICU with presence of either a clinical diagnosis of delirium or a positive Confusion Assessment Method score. Patients were excluded if they were on an antipsychotic before ICU admission. RESULTS Of the 300 patients included and initiated on antipsychotics for ICU delirium, 157 (52.3%) were continued on therapy upon transfer from the ICU to another level of inpatient care. The number of patients continued on newly initiated antipsychotics further increased to 183 (61%) upon discharge from the hospital. CONCLUSION The continuation of antipsychotics for the management of delirium during transitions of care was a common practice across ICUs in New Jersey. Several risk factors for continuation of antipsychotics were identified. Efforts to reduce unnecessary continuation of antipsychotics at transitions of care are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepali Dixit
- Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers,The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ,USA
| | - Liza Barbarello Andrews
- Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers,The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ,USA
| | | | - Christopher Adams
- Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers,The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ,USA
| | | | - Maria Cardinale
- Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers,The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ,USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Shiima Y, Malik M, Okorie M. Medication Without Harm: Developing optimal medication error reporting systems. Curr Drug Saf 2021; 17:7-12. [PMID: 33902416 DOI: 10.2174/1574886316666210423115029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Medication errors are amongst the most frequently occurring health care related incidents and have the potential to lead to life-threatening harm to patients. An incident reporting system is a traditional approach to improvement of patient safety and entails the retrieval of information from incident reports. This not only provides a better understanding of causes and contributing factors but also enables the collection of data on the severity of incidents, system deficiencies and the role of human factors in safety incidents. Medication error reporting systems are often developed as a part of larger incident reporting systems which deal with other types of incidents. Although a rise in the prevalence of medication errors has led to an increased demand for medication error reporting, little is known about characteristics and limitations of medication error reporting systems. The authors broach the subject of medication error reporting systems and propose a more robust and standardized approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Shiima
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, UK; 2 Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Muzaffar Malik
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, UK; 2 Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Okorie
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, UK; 2 Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Rech MA, Adams W, Smetana KS, Gurnani PK, Van Berkel Patel MA, Peppard WJ, Hammond DA, Flannery AH. PHarmacist Avoidance or Reductions in Medical Costs in Patients Presenting the EMergency Department: PHARM-EM Study. Crit Care Explor 2021; 3:e0406. [PMID: 33912836 PMCID: PMC8078282 DOI: 10.1097/cce.0000000000000406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To comprehensively classify interventions performed by emergency medicine clinical pharmacists and quantify cost avoidance generated through their accepted interventions. DESIGN A multicenter, prospective, observational study was performed between August 2018 and January 2019. SETTING Community and academic hospitals in the United States. PARTICIPANTS Emergency medicine clinical pharmacists. INTERVENTIONS Recommendations classified into one of 38 intervention categories associated with cost avoidance. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Eighty-eight emergency medicine pharmacists at 49 centers performed 13,984 interventions during 917 shifts that were accepted on 8,602 patients and generated $7,531,862 of cost avoidance. The quantity of accepted interventions and cost avoidance generated in six established categories were as follows: adverse drug event prevention (1,631 interventions; $2,225,049 cost avoidance), resource utilization (628; $310,582), individualization of patient care (6,122; $1,787,170), prophylaxis (24; $22,804), hands-on care (3,533; $2,836,811), and administrative/supportive tasks (2,046; $342,881). Mean cost avoidance was $538.61 per intervention, $875.60 per patient, and $8,213.59 per emergency medicine pharmacist shift. The annualized cost avoidance from an emergency medicine pharmacist was $1,971,262. The monetary cost avoidance to pharmacist salary ratio was between $1.4:1 and $10.6:1. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacist involvement in the care of patients presenting to the emergency department results in significant avoidance of healthcare costs, particularly in the areas of hands-on care and adverse drug event prevention. The potential monetary benefit-to-cost ratio for emergency medicine pharmacists is between $1.4:1 and $10.6:1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan A Rech
- Department of Pharmacy, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL
| | - William Adams
- Department of Biostatistics, Loyola University, Maywood, IL
| | - Keaton S Smetana
- Department of Pharmacy, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Payal K Gurnani
- Department of Pharmacy, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL
| | | | - William J Peppard
- Department of Pharmacy, Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Drayton A Hammond
- Department of Pharmacy, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL
- Department of Biostatistics, Loyola University, Maywood, IL
- Department of Pharmacy, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- Department of Pharmacy, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL
- Department of Pharmacy, Erlanger Medical Center, Chattanooga, TN
- Department of Pharmacy, Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky HealthCare, Lexington, KY
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Lexington, KY
| | - Alexander H Flannery
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky HealthCare, Lexington, KY
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Lexington, KY
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Boullata JI. Enteral Medication for the Tube-Fed Patient: Making This Route Safe and Effective. Nutr Clin Pract 2020; 36:111-132. [PMID: 33373487 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The administration of medication through an enteral access device requires important forethought. Meeting a patient's therapeutic needs requires achieving expected drug bioavailability without increasing the risk for toxicity, therapeutic failure, or feeding tube occlusion. Superimposing gut dysfunction, critical illness, or enteral nutrition-drug interaction further increases the need for a systematic approach to prescribing, evaluating, and preparing a drug for administration through an enteral access device. This review will explain the fundamental factors involved in drug bioavailability through the gut, address the influencing considerations for the enterally fed patient, and describe best practices for enteral drug preparation and administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph I Boullata
- Department of Clinical Nutrition Support Services, Penn Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Villeneuve Y, Courtemanche F, Firoozi F, Gilbert S, Desbiens MP, Desjardins A, Dinh C, LeBlanc VC, Attia A. Impact of pharmacist interventions during transition of care in older adults to reduce the use of healthcare services: A scoping review. Res Social Adm Pharm 2020; 17:1361-1372. [PMID: 33250364 DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current literature has shown increasing risk of error in transition of care between different healthcare settings, especially in the older population. Moreover, drug-related hospital readmission has been reported due to lack of appropriate communication. However, the literature is not clear about the impact of pharmacist interventions during transition of care of older adults on the reduction in use of healthcare services. OBJECTIVE The goal of the scoping review was to describe the impact of pharmacist interventions during transitions of care for older adults on the use of healthcare services. METHODS MEDLINE was searched for randomized controlled trials and controlled studies that analyzed pharmacist interventions during transition of care of older adults with regard to use of healthcare services. Four reviewers, grouped in pairs, independently screened all references published from 1990 to 2019 and extracted and analyzed the data. A pharmaceutical model of 8 pharmacist-led interventions was adapted from literature to compare the included studies. RESULTS There were 1527 publications screened, 17 of which met inclusion criteria. Pharmacist-led interventions decreased the use of healthcare services in 11 of these studies. The majority of studies were of very good or good quality based on Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Pharmacist were implicated at all times during the transition of care process (i.e. admission/during stay, discharge and post-discharge) in 4 of the effective studies, whereas none did in the not effective studies. More interventions were accomplished by pharmacists in studies with positive outcomes. CONCLUSION By diversifying their interventions at different moments throughout transition of care, pharmacists can reduce the use of healthcare services for older adults during transition of care. This scoping review also shows the need to better understand key components of post-discharge interventions and to have a dynamic pharmaceutical model accepted by the scientific community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Villeneuve
- Department of Pharmacy, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal du CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, 4565 Queen Mary Rd, Montreal, Quebec, H3W 1W5, Canada; Research Center, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, 4545 Queen Mary Rd, Montreal, Quebec, H3W 1W6, Canada.
| | - Fanny Courtemanche
- Department of Pharmacy, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal du CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, 4565 Queen Mary Rd, Montreal, Quebec, H3W 1W5, Canada.
| | - Faranak Firoozi
- Department of Pharmacy, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal du CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, 4565 Queen Mary Rd, Montreal, Quebec, H3W 1W5, Canada; Research Center, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, 4545 Queen Mary Rd, Montreal, Quebec, H3W 1W6, Canada.
| | - Suzanne Gilbert
- Department of Pharmacy, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal du CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, 4565 Queen Mary Rd, Montreal, Quebec, H3W 1W5, Canada; Research Center, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, 4545 Queen Mary Rd, Montreal, Quebec, H3W 1W6, Canada.
| | - Marie-Pier Desbiens
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Pharmacy, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Côte-Sainte-Catherine Rd, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Audrey Desjardins
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Pharmacy, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Côte-Sainte-Catherine Rd, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Christine Dinh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Pharmacy, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Côte-Sainte-Catherine Rd, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Véronique C LeBlanc
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Pharmacy, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Côte-Sainte-Catherine Rd, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Audrey Attia
- Geriatrics and Gerontology Library, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal du CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, 4565 Queen Mary Rd, Montreal, Quebec, H3W 1W5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Medication Reconciliation: An Integral Component of Transitions of Care for ICU Patients. Crit Care Med 2020; 48:e1362-e1363. [DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000004563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
36
|
Academia EC, Gabriel CJ, Mueller A, Schwarz KA, Bartels K, Valuck RJ, Reynolds PM. Opioid Prescribing After Discharge in a Previously Mechanically Ventilated, Opioid-Naïve Cohort. Ann Pharmacother 2020; 54:1065-1072. [PMID: 32349532 DOI: 10.1177/1060028020919122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Opioids are utilized for pain management during and after mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU). OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the percentage of potentially unnecessary opioid prescriptions on discharge in previously opioid-naïve patients. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included mechanically ventilated, opioid-naïve ICU patients who received opioids. The primary outcome of this study was the discrepancy between the amounts of opioids prescribed at discharge versus those likely required based on actual 24-hour prehospital discharge opioid requirements. RESULTS A total of 71 patients were included. Of these, 63.3% (n = 45) of discharge prescriptions were in alignment with 24-hour predischarge requirements, and 36.7% (n = 26) of discharge prescriptions were in excess of calculated predischarge requirements. At discharge, 57.7% (n = 41) of patients received a nonopioid analgesic. Multivariable linear regression revealed that cardiothoracic ICU admission was associated with an increased risk of inappropriate discharge opioid prescribing, whereas a shorter duration of inpatient oral opioid therapy decreased risk of inappropriate discharge prescribing. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE Opioid prescribing for previously mechanically ventilated patients warrants improvement as a part of the discharge planning process. Application of these data may aid in the reduction of opioid overprescribing at discharge after an ICU stay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmeline C Academia
- University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, CO, USA
- University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Amanda Mueller
- University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kerry A Schwarz
- University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, CO, USA
- University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Robert J Valuck
- University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Paul M Reynolds
- University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Mohammad RA, Betthauser KD, Korona RB, Coe AB, Kolpek JH, Fritschle AC, Jagow B, Kenes M, MacTavish P, Slampak‐Cindric AA, Whitten JA, Jones C, Simonelli R, Rowlands I, Stollings JL. Clinical pharmacist services within intensive care unit recovery clinics: An opinion of the critical care practice and research network of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CLINICAL PHARMACY 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jac5.1311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rima A. Mohammad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy University of Michigan College of Pharmacy Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Kevin D. Betthauser
- Department of Pharmacy Services Barnes‐Jewish Hospital Saint Louis Missouri USA
| | | | - Antoinette B. Coe
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy University of Michigan College of Pharmacy Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | | | | | - Benjamin Jagow
- Department of Pharmacy MercyOne Des Moines Medical Center Des Moines Iowa USA
| | - Michael Kenes
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy University of Michigan College of Pharmacy Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | | | | | | | - Carol Jones
- Department of Pharmacy Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London UK
| | | | - Ian Rowlands
- Department of Pharmacy Barts Health NHS Trust London UK
| | - Joanna L. Stollings
- Department of Pharmacy and Critical Illness Brain Dysfunction, Survivorship (CIBS) Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Rice M, Lear A, Kane-Gill S, Seybert AL, Smithburger PL. Pharmacy Personnel's Involvement in Transitions of Care of Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Systematic Review. J Pharm Pract 2020; 34:117-126. [PMID: 32233830 DOI: 10.1177/0897190020911524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Do pharmacy personnel- (ie, pharmacist or pharmacy technician) driven interventions at transitions of care into or out of the intensive care unit (ICU) improve medication safety measures compared to interventions made by other health-care team members or no intervention? DATA SOURCES A literature search of MEDLINE and Embase limited to English language and humans was performed (from 1969 until January 2019). Bibliographies of included investigations were reviewed for additional citations. METHODS Investigations were selected if they described a pharmacy-driven intervention at any point of transfer into or out of an ICU setting. Ten investigations were included. Five described interventions relevant to the entire ICU population, and 5 described interventions targeted to specific medications or disease. RESULTS A variety of interventions were utilized in the 10 included investigations. A significant improvement was demonstrated with pharmacy-driven intervention in all 4 studies that evaluated the entire ICU patient population. Interventions specific to certain medication and disease improved medication safety measures but were not always statistically significant. Medication error rates are high in patients transferred into and out of the ICU, and limited data exist to address this concern. This review compares and evaluates the current literature to guide future interventions and research in this area. CONCLUSIONS Although pharmacy-driven interventions demonstrated some benefit in various medication safety measures in the majority of studies, additional randomized and prospective trials with patient-centered outcomes that assess morbidity and mortality are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikhaila Rice
- Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 6614University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alyssa Lear
- Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 6614University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sandra Kane-Gill
- Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 6614University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Pharmacy, 6614UPMC Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Amy L Seybert
- Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 6614University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Pharmacy, 6614UPMC Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Pamela L Smithburger
- Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 6614University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Pharmacy, 6614UPMC Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Bravo PH. Study finds medication errors common after Intensive Care Unit transfer. Evid Based Nurs 2020; 23:61. [PMID: 31337634 DOI: 10.1136/ebnurs-2019-103133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
|
40
|
Hammond DA, Rech MA. Cautions heeded: A call to action for evaluating pharmacists' direct and indirect patient care activities. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CLINICAL PHARMACY 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jac5.1211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Drayton A. Hammond
- Department of Pharmacy; Rush University Medical Center; Chicago Illinois
- Department of Internal Medicine; Rush Medical College; Chicago Illinois
| | - Megan A. Rech
- Department of Pharmacy; Loyola University Medical Center; Maywood Illinois
- Department of Emergency Medicine; Loyola University Medical Center; Maywood Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Hammond DA, Rech MA. How‐to guide for effectively performing and coordinating multicenter observational research as a clinical pharmacist. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CLINICAL PHARMACY 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jac5.1168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Drayton A. Hammond
- Department of Pharmacy Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois
- Department of Internal Medicine Rush Medical College Chicago Illinois
| | - Megan A. Rech
- Department of Pharmacy Loyola University Medical Center Maywood Illinois
- Department of Emergency Medicine Loyola University Medical Center Maywood Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ramadanov N, Klein R, Schumann U, Aguilar ADV, Behringer W. Factors, influencing medication errors in prehospital care: A retrospective observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e18200. [PMID: 31804342 PMCID: PMC6919435 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the frequency of medication errors in prehospital care and to investigate the influencing factors - diagnostic agreement (DA), the medical educational status, the specialty, the approval for emergency medicine of the prehospital emergency physician, the patient age and sex and the time of deployment.We retrospectively reviewed 708 patients from 2013 to 2015, treated by the prehospital emergency physicians of the emergency medical service center Bad Belzig, Germany. The medication appropriateness was determined by a systematic comparison of the administered medication in prehospital deployments with the discharge diagnosis, according to current guidelines. The influencing factors were examined by univariate analysis of medication appropriateness (MA), using the χ, the Mann-Whtiney U and the Welch tests. We calculated a cut-off value with the Youden index to predict absent MA, according to patients age. The significance level was P = .05.MA was absent in 220 of 708 patients (31.1%). In the case of present DA, MA was absent in 103 of 491 patients (20.9%). In the case of absent DA, MA was absent in 117 of 217 patients (53.9%) (P = .01). MA was absent in 82 of 227 patients (36.1%), treated by specialist and in 138 of 481 patients (28.7%), treated by resident physicians (P = .04). The calculated cut-off value to predict absent MA was 75.5 years. MA was absent in 100 of 375 patients (26.7%) of the younger patient age group (≤75.5 years), MA was absent 120 of 333 patients (36.0%) of the older patient age group (>75.5 years) (P = .01). Absent MA showed peak values (46.7%-60%) at night from 3 to 6 AM (P = .01) The other investigated factors had no influence on MA.The correctness of medication as a quality feature in prehospital care shows a necessity for improvement with a proportion of 31.1% medication errors. The correct diagnosis by the prehospital emergency physician and his rapid accumulation of experience had an impact on the correctness of medication in prehospital care. Elderly patients (75+ years) and nighttime prehospital deployments (3-6 AM) were identified as high risk for medication errors by the emergency physicians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai Ramadanov
- Center for Emergency Medicine, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller
| | | | - Urs Schumann
- Center for Internal Medicine, Clinic for Endocrinology and Diabetology Niemegker Str. Bad Belzig, Germany
| | | | - Wilhelm Behringer
- Center for Emergency Medicine, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
|
44
|
Escrivá Gracia J, Brage Serrano R, Fernández Garrido J. Medication errors and drug knowledge gaps among critical-care nurses: a mixed multi-method study. BMC Health Serv Res 2019; 19:640. [PMID: 31492188 PMCID: PMC6729050 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-019-4481-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medication errors are a serious and complex problem in clinical practice, especially in intensive care units whose patients can suffer potentially very serious consequences because of the critical nature of their diseases and the pharmacotherapy programs implemented in these patients. The origins of these errors discussed in the literature are wide-ranging, although far-reaching variables are of particular special interest to those involved in training nurses. The main objective of this research was to study if the level of knowledge that critical-care nurses have about the use and administration of medications is related to the most common medication errors. METHODS This was a mixed (multi-method) study with three phases that combined quantitative and qualitative techniques. In phase 1 patient medical records were reviewed; phase 2 consisted of an interview with a focus group; and an ad hoc questionnaire was carried out in phase 3. RESULTS The global medication error index was 1.93%. The main risk areas were errors in the interval of administration of antibiotics (8.15% error rate); high-risk medication dilution, concentration, and infusion-rate errors (2.94% error rate); and errors in the administration of medications via nasogastric tubes (11.16% error rate). CONCLUSIONS Nurses have a low level of knowledge of the drugs they use the most and with which a greater number of medication errors are committed in the ICU.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Escrivá Gracia
- Department of nursing, University of Valencia, 46001 Jaume Roig St, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ramadanov N, Klein R, Aguilar Valdez AD, Behringer W. Medication Appropriateness in Prehospital Care. Emerg Med Int 2019; 2019:6947698. [PMID: 31565440 PMCID: PMC6745092 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6947698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to determine the medication appropriateness (MA) in prehospital emergency physician deployments according to the hospital discharge diagnosis and to investigate the factors influencing the MA. METHODS The MA was determined by a systematic comparison of the administered medication in prehospital emergency physician deployments with the discharge diagnosis in a period of 24 months at the emergency medical services in Bad Belzig. Categorial variables for the specialty, medical educational status, and approval for emergency medicine of prehospital emergency physicians were examined univariate for relations with the MA, using the χ2 test with the significance level of p=0.05. RESULTS The MA was present in 69% (n = 488) cases. The MA was present in 64% of cases by specialists and in 71% by resident physicians (p=0.04). The specialty and the approval for emergency medicine of the prehospital emergency physician did not show significant results. MA was present in 46% (n = 100) of cases with incorrect diagnoses, and it was present in 79% (n = 388) of cases with correct diagnoses by the prehospital emergency physician (p=0.01). In cases of missing MA, 224 drugs and 23 different drugs were administered by the prehospital emergency physician. CONCLUSIONS The MA in prehospital emergency physician deployments shows a necessity for improvement with 31% medication errors. Incorrect diagnoses by the prehospital emergency physician seem to lead to medication errors in prehospital emergency physician deployments. The necessary standards and guidelines for administration of drugs should be taken into account in educational courses. The wide-ranging emergency medical training and the rapid accumulation of operational experience seem to play a crucial role for correct administration of medication in the prehospital emergency physician deployments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai Ramadanov
- Center for Emergency Medicine, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Roman Klein
- Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Sports Traumatology, Marienhaus Hospital Hetzelstift, Stiftstr. 10, 67434 Neustadt, Germany
| | - Abner Daniel Aguilar Valdez
- Center for Internal Medicine, Clinic for Endocrinology and Diabetology, Ernst von Bergmann Hospital Bad Belzig, Niemegker Str. 45, 14806 Bad Belzig, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Behringer
- Center for Emergency Medicine, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Major publications in critical care pharmacotherapy literature in 2018. J Crit Care 2019; 52:200-207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2019.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|