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De Bartolo A, Pasqua T, Romeo N, Rago V, Perrotta I, Giordano F, Granieri MC, Marrone A, Mazza R, Cerra MC, Lefranc B, Leprince J, Anouar Y, Angelone T, Rocca C. The redox-active defensive Selenoprotein T as a novel stress sensor protein playing a key role in the pathophysiology of heart failure. J Transl Med 2024; 22:375. [PMID: 38643121 PMCID: PMC11032602 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05192-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Maladaptive cardiac hypertrophy contributes to the development of heart failure (HF). The oxidoreductase Selenoprotein T (SELENOT) emerged as a key regulator during rat cardiogenesis and acute cardiac protection. However, its action in chronic settings of cardiac dysfunction is not understood. Here, we investigated the role of SELENOT in the pathophysiology of HF: (i) by designing a small peptide (PSELT), recapitulating SELENOT activity via the redox site, and assessed its beneficial action in a preclinical model of HF [aged spontaneously hypertensive heart failure (SHHF) rats] and against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced hypertrophy in rat ventricular H9c2 and adult human AC16 cardiomyocytes; (ii) by evaluating the SELENOT intra-cardiomyocyte production and secretion under hypertrophied stimulation. Results showed that PSELT attenuated systemic inflammation, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage M1 polarization, myocardial injury, and the severe ultrastructural alterations, while counteracting key mediators of cardiac fibrosis, aging, and DNA damage and restoring desmin downregulation and SELENOT upregulation in the failing hearts. In the hemodynamic assessment, PSELT improved the contractile impairment at baseline and following ischemia/reperfusion injury, and reduced infarct size in normal and failing hearts. At cellular level, PSELT counteracted ISO-mediated hypertrophy and ultrastructural alterations through its redox motif, while mitigating ISO-triggered SELENOT intracellular production and secretion, a phenomenon that presumably reflects the extent of cell damage. Altogether, these results indicate that SELENOT could represent a novel sensor of hypertrophied cardiomyocytes and a potential PSELT-based new therapeutic approach in myocardial hypertrophy and HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna De Bartolo
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, E. and E. S. (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Teresa Pasqua
- Department of Health Science, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Naomi Romeo
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, E. and E. S. (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Vittoria Rago
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Ida Perrotta
- Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis (CM2), Department of Biology, E. and E. S. (DiBEST), University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Francesca Giordano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Granieri
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, E. and E. S. (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Alessandro Marrone
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, E. and E. S. (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Rosa Mazza
- Organ and System Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, E. and E. S. (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Maria Carmela Cerra
- Organ and System Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, E. and E. S. (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Benjamin Lefranc
- UNIROUEN, Inserm U1239, Neuroendocrine, Endocrine and Germinal Differentiation and Communication (NorDiC), Rouen Normandie University, 76000, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- UNIROUEN, UMS-UAR HERACLES, PRIMACEN, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), 76183, Rouen, France
| | - Jérôme Leprince
- UNIROUEN, Inserm U1239, Neuroendocrine, Endocrine and Germinal Differentiation and Communication (NorDiC), Rouen Normandie University, 76000, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- UNIROUEN, UMS-UAR HERACLES, PRIMACEN, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), 76183, Rouen, France
| | - Youssef Anouar
- UNIROUEN, Inserm U1239, Neuroendocrine, Endocrine and Germinal Differentiation and Communication (NorDiC), Rouen Normandie University, 76000, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Tommaso Angelone
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, E. and E. S. (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036, Cosenza, Italy.
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Research (INRC), 40126, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Carmine Rocca
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, E. and E. S. (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036, Cosenza, Italy
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Research (INRC), 40126, Bologna, Italy
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Ichihara E, Hasegawa K, Kudo K, Tanimoto Y, Nouso K, Oda N, Mitsumune S, Yamada H, Takata I, Hagiya H, Mitsuhashi T, Taniguchi A, Toyooka S, Tsukahara K, Aokage T, Tsukahara H, Kiura K, Maeda Y. A randomized controlled trial of teprenone in terms of preventing worsening of COVID-19 infection. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287501. [PMID: 37883347 PMCID: PMC10602324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some COVID-19 patients develop life-threatening disease accompanied by severe pneumonitis. Teprenone induces expression of heat-shock proteins (HSPs) that protect against interstitial pneumonia in preclinical models. We explored whether teprenone prevented worsening of COVID-19 infections. METHODS This open-label, randomized, pilot phase 2 clinical trial was conducted at five institutions in Japan. We randomized patients hospitalized for COVID-19 with fever to teprenone or no-teprenone groups in a 1:1 ratio. We stratified patients by sex, age < and ≥ 70 years and the existence (or not) of complications (hypertension, diabetes, ischemic heart disease, chronic pulmonary disease and active cancer). No limitation was imposed on other COVID-19 treatments. The primary endpoint was the intubation rate. RESULTS One hundred patients were included, 51 in the teprenone and 49 in the no- teprenone groups. The intubation rate did not differ significantly between the two groups: 9.8% (5/51) vs. 2.0% (1/49) (sub-hazard ratio [SHR] 4.99, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.59-42.1; p = 0.140). The rates of intra-hospital mortality and intensive care unit (ICU) admission did not differ significantly between the two groups: intra-hospital mortality 3.9% (2/51) vs. 4.1% (2/49) (hazard ratio [HR] 0.78, 95%CI: 0.11-5.62; p = 0.809); ICU admission 11.8% (6/51) vs. 6.1% (3/49) (SHR 1.99, 95%CI: 0.51-7.80; p = 0.325). CONCLUSION Teprenone afforded no clinical benefit. TRIAL REGISTRATION Japan Registry of Clinical Trials jRCTs061200002 (registered on 20/May/2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiki Ichihara
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kou Hasegawa
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Kudo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Okayama Medical Center, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasushi Tanimoto
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Minami-Okayama Medical Center, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nouso
- Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama City Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Naohiro Oda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuyama City Hospital, Fukuyama, Japan
| | - Sho Mitsumune
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Okayama Medical Center, Okayama, Japan
| | - Haruto Yamada
- Department of Infectious Disease, Okayama City Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ichiro Takata
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuyama City Hospital, Fukuyama, Japan
| | - Hideharu Hagiya
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Mitsuhashi
- Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Akihiko Taniguchi
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shinichi Toyooka
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kohei Tsukahara
- Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Aokage
- Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Tsukahara
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Kiura
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Maeda
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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Saheb Sharif-Askari N, Saheb Sharif-Askari F, Mdkhana B, Hussain Alsayed HA, Alsafar H, Alrais ZF, Hamid Q, Halwani R. Upregulation of oxidative stress gene markers during SARS-COV-2 viral infection. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:688-698. [PMID: 34186206 PMCID: PMC8233550 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Severe viral infections, including SARS-COV-2, could trigger disruption of the balance between pro-oxidant and antioxidant mediators; the magnitude of which could reflect the severity of infection and lung injury. Using publicly available COVID-19 transcriptomic datasets, we conducted an in-silico analyses to evaluate the expression levels of 125 oxidative stress genes, including 37 pro-oxidant genes, 32 oxidative-responsive genes, and 56 antioxidant genes. Seven oxidative stress genes were found to be upregulated in whole blood and lung autopsies (MPO, S100A8, S100A9, SRXN1, GCLM, SESN2, and TXN); these genes were higher in severe versus non-severe COVID-19 leucocytes. Oxidative genes were upregulated in inflammatory cells comprising macrophages and CD8+ T cells isolated from bronchioalveolar fluid (BALF), and neutrophils isolated from peripheral blood. MPO, S100A8, and S100A9 were top most upregulated oxidative markers within COVID-19's lung autopsies, whole blood, leucocytes, BALF derived macrophages and circulating neutrophils. The calprotectin's, S100A8 and S100A9 were upregulated in SARS-COV-2 infected human lung epithelium. To validate our in-silico analysis, we conducted qRT-PCR to measure MPO and calprotectin's levels in blood and saliva samples. Relative to uninfected donor controls, MPO, S100A8 and S100A9 were significantly higher in blood and saliva of severe versus asymptomatic COVID-19 patients. Compared to other different viral respiratory infections, coronavirus infection showed a prominent upregulation in oxidative stress genes with MPO and calprotectin at the top of the list. In conclusion, SARS-COV-2 induce the expression of oxidative stress genes via both immune as well as lung structural cells. The observed correlation between oxidative stress genes dysregulation and COVID-19 disease severity deserve more attention. Mechanistical studies are required to confirm the correlation between oxidative stress gene dysregulation, COVID-19 severity, and the net oxidative stress balance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bushra Mdkhana
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Habiba Alsafar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zeyad Faoor Alrais
- Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Qutayba Hamid
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Healthy Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Prince Abdullah Ben Khaled Celiac Disease Research Chair, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.
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4
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Fernandes IG, de Brito CA, dos Reis VMS, Sato MN, Pereira NZ. SARS-CoV-2 and Other Respiratory Viruses: What Does Oxidative Stress Have to Do with It? OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8844280. [PMID: 33381273 PMCID: PMC7757116 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8844280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The phenomenon of oxidative stress, characterized as an imbalance in the production of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant responses, is a well-known inflammatory mechanism and constitutes an important cellular process. The relationship of viral infections, reactive species production, oxidative stress, and the antiviral response is relevant. Therefore, the aim of this review is to report studies showing how reactive oxygen species may positively or negatively affect the pathophysiology of viral infection. We focus on known respiratory viral infections, especially severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses (SARS-CoVs), in an attempt to provide important information on the challenges posed by the current COVID-19 pandemic. Because antiviral therapies for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses (e.g., SARS-CoV-2) are rare, knowledge about relevant antioxidant compounds and oxidative pathways may be important for understanding viral pathogenesis and identifying possible therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iara Grigoletto Fernandes
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation 56, Dermatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cyro Alves de Brito
- Technical Division of Medical Biology, Immunology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Notomi Sato
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation 56, Dermatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nátalli Zanete Pereira
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation 56, Dermatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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5
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Pharmacological inhibition of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase by olaparib ameliorates influenza-virus-induced pneumonia in mice. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 40:159-167. [PMID: 32865668 PMCID: PMC7456638 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-020-04020-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Treatments against influenza A viruses (IAV) have to be updated regularly due to antigenic drift and drug resistance. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) are considered effective therapeutic targets of acute lung inflammatory injury. This study aimed to explore the effects of PARP-1 inhibitor olaparib on IAV-induced lung injury and the underlying mechanisms. Male wild-type C57BL/6 mice were intranasally infected with IAV strain H1N1 to mimic pneumonia experimentally. Olaparib at different doses was intraperitoneally injected 2 days before and 5 consecutive days after virus stimulation. On day 6 post-infection, lung tissues as well as bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were sampled for histological and biochemical analyses. Olaparib increased the survival rate of IAV mice dose-dependently. Olaparib remarkably reduced IAV mRNA expression, myeloperoxidase (MPO) level, and inflammatory cell infiltration in IAV lungs. Moreover, olaparib significantly reduced the level of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-6, and IL-4 and increased IL-10 in IAV lungs. Also, olaparib efficiently reduced IL-6, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), TNF-α, chemokine (C–X–C motif) ligand (CXCL)1, CXCL10, chemokine (C–C motif) ligand (CCL)3, and regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) release in IAV BALF. Olaparib decreased PARylated protein content and p65, IκBα phosphorylation in IAV lung tissues. This study successfully constructed the pneumonia murine model using IAV. Olaparib decreased IAV-induced mortality in mice, lung injury, and cytokine production possibly via modulation of PARP-1/NF-κB axis.
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Zhou J, Wang C, Wu J, Fukunaga A, Cheng Z, Wang J, Yamauchi A, Yodoi J, Tian H. Anti-Allergic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects and Molecular Mechanisms of Thioredoxin on Respiratory System Diseases. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 32:785-801. [PMID: 31884805 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Significance: The pathogenesis and progression of allergic inflammation in the respiratory system are closely linked to oxidative stress. Thioredoxin (TRX) is an essential redox balance regulator in organisms and is induced by various oxidative stress factors, including ultraviolet rays, radiation, oxidation, viral infections, ischemia reperfusion, and anticancer agents. Recent Advances: We demonstrated that systemic administration and transgenic overexpression of TRX is useful in a wide variety of in vivo inflammatory respiratory diseases models, such as viral pneumonia, interstitial lung disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, by removing reactive oxygen species, blocking production of inflammatory cytokines, inhibiting migration and activation of neutrophils and eosinophils, and regulating the cellular redox status. In addition, TRX's anti-inflammatory mechanism is different from the mechanisms associated with anti-inflammatory agents, such as glucocorticoids, which regulate the inflammatory reaction in association with suppressing immune responses. Critical Issues: Understanding the molecular mechanism of TRX is very helpful for understanding the role of TRX in respiratory diseases. In this review, we show the protective effect of TRX in various respiratory diseases. In addition, we discuss its anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory molecular mechanism in detail. Future Directions: The application of TRX may be useful for treating respiratory allergic inflammatory disorders. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 32, 785-801.
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Affiliation(s)
- JieDong Zhou
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - CuiXue Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - JiaLin Wu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Atsushi Fukunaga
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - ZuSheng Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Shaoxing Seventh People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - JinQuan Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Akira Yamauchi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Nara Prefectural General Medical Center, Nara, Japan
| | - Junji Yodoi
- Laboratory of Infection and Prevention, Department of Biological Response, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hai Tian
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China.,Jiaozhimei Biotechnology (Shaoxing) Co., Ltd., Shaoxing, China
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7
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Attenuation of Hyperoxic Lung Injury in Newborn Thioredoxin-1-Overexpressing Mice through the Suppression of Proinflammatory Cytokine mRNA Expression. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8030066. [PMID: 32244938 PMCID: PMC7148529 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8030066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of thioredoxin-1 (TRX), a small redox-active protein with antioxidant effects, during hyperoxic lung injury in newborns remains undetermined. We investigated TRX impact on hyperoxic lung injury in newborn TRX transgenic (TRX-Tg) and wildtype (WT) mice exposed to 21% or 95% O2 for four days, after which some mice were allowed to recover in room air for up to 14 days. Lung morphology was assessed by hematoxylin/eosin and elastin staining, as well as immunostaining for macrophages. The gene expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines were evaluated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. During recovery from hyperoxia, TRX-Tg mice exhibited an improved mean linear intercept length and increased number of secondary septa in lungs compared with the WT mice. Neonatal hyperoxia enhanced the mRNA expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the lungs of both TRX-Tg and WT mice. However, interleukin-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 mRNA expression levels were reduced in the lungs of TRX-Tg mice compared with the WT mice during recovery from hyperoxia. Furthermore, TRX-Tg mice exhibited reduced macrophage infiltration in lungs during recovery. These results suggest that in newborn mice TRX ameliorates hyperoxic lung injury during recovery likely through the suppression of proinflammatory cytokines.
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8
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Role of Glutathionylation in Infection and Inflammation. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11081952. [PMID: 31434242 PMCID: PMC6723385 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathionylation, that is, the formation of mixed disulfides between protein cysteines and glutathione (GSH) cysteines, is a reversible post-translational modification catalyzed by different cellular oxidoreductases, by which the redox state of the cell modulates protein function. So far, most studies on the identification of glutathionylated proteins have focused on cellular proteins, including proteins involved in host response to infection, but there is a growing number of reports showing that microbial proteins also undergo glutathionylation, with modification of their characteristics and functions. In the present review, we highlight the signaling role of GSH through glutathionylation, particularly focusing on microbial (viral and bacterial) glutathionylated proteins (GSSPs) and host GSSPs involved in the immune/inflammatory response to infection; moreover, we discuss the biological role of the process in microbial infections and related host responses.
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9
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Hatayama K, Nosaka N, Yamada M, Yashiro M, Fujii Y, Tsukahara H, Liu K, Nishibori M, Matsukawa A, Morishima T. Combined effect of anti-high-mobility group box-1 monoclonal antibody and peramivir against influenza A virus-induced pneumonia in mice. J Med Virol 2018; 91:361-369. [PMID: 30281823 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza virus causes significant morbidity and mortality with severe acute lung injury due to the excessive inflammatory reaction, even with neuraminidase inhibitor use. The anti-inflammatory effect of anti-high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) monoclonal antibody (mAb) against influenza pneumonia has been reported. In this study, we evaluated the combined effect of anti-HMGB1 mAb and peramivir against pneumonia induced by influenza A (H1N1) virus in mice. Nine-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were inoculated with H1N1 and treated with intramuscularly administered peramivir at 2 and 3 days post-infection (dpi). The anti-HMGB1 mAb or a control mAb was administered at 2, 3, and 4 dpi. Survival rates were assessed, and lung lavage and pathological analyses were conducted at 5 and 7 dpi. The combination of peramivir with the anti-HMGB1 mAb significantly improved survival rate whereas the anti-HMGB1 mAb alone did not affect virus proliferation in the lungs. This combination therapy also significantly ameliorated histopathological changes, neutrophil infiltration, and macrophage aggregation by inhibiting HMGB1, inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress. Fluorescence immunostaining showed that the anti-HMGB1 mAb inhibited HMGB1 translocation from type I alveolar epithelial cells. In summary, combining anti-HMGB1 with conventional anti-influenza therapy might be useful against severe influenza virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Hatayama
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nosaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mutsuko Yamada
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masato Yashiro
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yosuke Fujii
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Tsukahara
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Keyue Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nishibori
- Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Akihiro Matsukawa
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Morishima
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Aichi Medical University, Japan
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10
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Downs CA, Johnson NM, Tsaprailis G, Helms MN. RAGE-induced changes in the proteome of alveolar epithelial cells. J Proteomics 2018; 177:11-20. [PMID: 29448054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) is a pattern recognition receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. RAGE is constitutively expressed in the distal lung where it co-localizes with the alveolar epithelium; RAGE expression is otherwise minimal or absent, except with disease. This suggests RAGE plays a role in lung physiology and pathology. We used proteomics to identify and characterize the effects of RAGE on rat alveolar epithelial (R3/1) cells. LC-MS/MS identified 177 differentially expressed proteins and the PANTHER Classification System further segregated proteins. Proteins involved in gene transcription (RNA and mRNA splicing, mRNA processing) and transport (protein, intracellular protein) were overrepresented; genes involved in a response to stimulus were underrepresented. Immune system processes and response to stimuli were downregulated with RAGE knockdown. Western blot confirmed RAGE-dependent changes in protein expression for NFκB and NLRP3 that was functionally supported by a reduction in IL-1β and phosphorylated p65. We also assessed RAGE's effect on redox regulation and report that RAGE knockdown attenuated oxidant production, decreased protein oxidation, and increased reduced thiol pools. Collectively the data suggest that RAGE is a critical regulator of epithelial cell response and has implications for our understanding of lung disease, specifically acute lung injury. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In the present study, we undertook the first proteomic evaluation of RAGE-dependent processes in alveolar epithelial cells. The alveolar epithelium is a primary target during acute lung injury, and our data support a role for RAGE in gene transcription, protein transport, and response to stimuli. More over our data suggest that RAGE is a critical driver of redox regulation in the alveolar epithelium. The conclusions of the present work assist to unravel the molecular events that underlie the function of RAGE in alveolar epithelial cells and have implications for our understanding of RAGE signaling during lung injury. Our study was the first proteomic comparison showing the effects of RAGE activation from alveolar epithelial cells that constitutively express RAGE and these results can affect a wide field of lung biology, pulmonary therapeutics, and proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles A Downs
- Biobehavioral Health Science Division, College of Nursing & Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.
| | - Nicholle M Johnson
- Biobehavioral Health Science Division, College of Nursing & Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - George Tsaprailis
- Arizona Research Laboratories, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - My N Helms
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
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Yamashita N, Yashiro M, Ogawa H, Namba H, Nosaka N, Fujii Y, Morishima T, Tsukahara H, Yamada M. Metabolic pathway catalyzed by Vanin-1 pantetheinase plays a suppressive role in influenza virus replication in human alveolar epithelial A549 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 489:466-471. [PMID: 28576495 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.05.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Our previous analysis of gene expression profiles in the peripheral blood from patients with influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 pneumonia revealed elevated transcription levels of the vanin-1 (vascular non-inflammatory molecule 1, VNN1) gene, which encodes an epithelial ectoenzyme with pantetheinase activity involved in recycling coenzyme A. Here, to elucidate the role of VNN1 in influenza A virus (IAV) H1N1 infection, we investigated the change of VNN1 expression in the context of IAV infection and the effects of its related substances, i.e., its direct substrate pantetheine and its two metabolites pantothenic acid and cysteamine on the replication of IAV in the human alveolar epithelial carcinoma cell line A549. The messenger RNA expression of VNN1 in A549 cells was significantly increased (by 4.9-fold) after IAV infection under an elevated concentration of pantetheine. Moreover, VNN1 mRNA levels were elevated by > 100-fold in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines, especially TNF-α and IL-1β. Pantetheine significantly reduced the IAV replication and IAV Matrix 1 (M1) mRNA levels when it was administered prior to and during infection. In addition, cysteamine treatment during IAV infection significantly reduced the viral replication and IAV M1 mRNA levels, whereas pantothenic acid did not. These findings suggest that the metabolic pathway catalyzed by VNN1 pantetheinase plays a suppressive role in IAV infection in the respiratory tract, especially in severe conditions under hypercytokinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuko Yamashita
- Department of Virology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Masato Yashiro
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hirohito Ogawa
- Department of Virology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hikaru Namba
- Department of Virology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nosaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yousuke Fujii
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Morishima
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Tsukahara
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masao Yamada
- Department of Virology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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Sprouty-Related Ena/Vasodilator-Stimulated Phosphoprotein Homology 1-Domain-Containing Protein-2 Critically Regulates Influenza A Virus-Induced Pneumonia. Crit Care Med 2017; 44:e530-43. [PMID: 26757161 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000001562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Influenza A virus causes acute respiratory infections that induce annual epidemics and occasional pandemics. Although a number of studies indicated that the virus-induced intracellular signaling events are important in combating influenza virus infection, the mechanism how specific molecule plays a critical role among various intracellular signaling events remains unknown. Raf/MEK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase cascade is one of the key signaling pathways during influenza virus infection, and the Sprouty-related Ena/vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein homology 1-domain-containing protein has recently been identified as a negative regulator of Raf-dependent extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation. Here, we examined the role of Raf/MEK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase cascade through sprouty-related Ena/vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein homology 1-domain-containing protein in influenza A viral infection because the expression of sprouty-related Ena/vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein homology 1-domain-containing protein was significantly enhanced in human influenza viral-induced pneumonia autopsy samples. DESIGN Prospective animal trial. SETTING Research laboratory. SUBJECTS Wild-type and sprouty-related Ena/vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein homology 1-domain-containing protein-2 knockout mice inoculated with influenza A. INTERVENTIONS Wild-type or sprouty-related Ena/vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein homology 1-domain-containing protein-2 knockout mice were infected by intranasal inoculation of influenza A (A/PR/8). An equal volume of phosphate-buffered saline was inoculated intranasally into mock-infected mice. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Influenza A infection of sprouty-related Ena/vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein homology 1-domain-containing protein-2 knockout mice led to higher mortality with greater viral load, excessive inflammation, and enhanced cytokine production than wild-type mice. Administration of MEK inhibitor, U0126, improved mortality and reduced both viral load and cytokine levels. Furthermore, bone marrow chimeras indicated that influenza A-induced lung pathology was most severe when sprouty-related Ena/vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein homology 1-domain-containing protein-2 expression was lacking in nonimmune cell populations. Furthermore, microarray analysis revealed knockdown of sprouty-related Ena/vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein homology 1-domain-containing protein-2 led to enhanced phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling pathway, resulting that viral clearance was regulated by sprouty-related Ena/vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein homology 1-domain-containing protein-2 expression through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling pathway in murine lung epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS These data support an important function of sprouty-related Ena/vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein homology 1-domain-containing protein-2 in controlling influenza virus-induced pneumonia and viral replication. Sprouty-related Ena/vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein homology 1-domain-containing protein-2 may be a novel therapeutic target for controlling the immune response against influenza influenza A virus infection.
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Yodoi J, Tian H, Masutani H, Nakamura H. Thiol redox barrier; local and systemic surveillance against stress and inflammatory diseases. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 595:88-93. [PMID: 27095222 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 06/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A 12-kDa protein with redox-active dithiol in the active site -Cys-Gly-Pro-Cys-, human thioredoxin 1 (TRX) has demonstrated an excellent anti-inflammatory effect in various animal models. TRX is induced by various oxidative stress factors, including ultraviolet rays, radiation, oxidation, viral infections, ischemia reperfusion and anticancer agents, and are involved in the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases. We have demonstrated that systemic administration and transgenic overexpression of TRX is effective in a wide variety of in vivo inflammatory disease models, such as viral pneumonia, acute lung injury, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, indomethacin-induced gastric injury, and dermatitis. Our recent studies indicate that topically applied TRX prevents skin inflammation via the inhibition of local formation of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. These indicate that the activation of inflammasome in skin and mucosa may be regulated by TRX. These suggest that application of TRX may be useful for the treatment of various skin and mucosal inflammatory disorders. Based on these results, we are conducting clinical studies to develop human recombinant thioredoxin 1 (rhTRX) pharmaceuticals. We have also developed substances that increase the expression of TRX in the body (TRX-inducing substances) in vegetables and other plant ingredients, and we are also developing skin-care products and functional foods that take advantage of the anti-inflammation and anti-allergic action of TRX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Yodoi
- Department of Biological Response, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Japan Biostress Research Promotion Alliance (JBPA), Japan.
| | - Hai Tian
- Japan Biostress Research Promotion Alliance (JBPA), Japan
| | - Hiroshi Masutani
- Department of Biological Response, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hajime Nakamura
- Department of Biological Response, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Honore PM, Jacobs R, Hendrickx I, De Waele E, Van Gorp V, Spapen HD. To counteract or to clear high-mobility group box-1 protein in influenza A (H1N1) infection? That may become the question. Crit Care 2015; 19:401. [PMID: 26594030 PMCID: PMC4655500 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-015-1126-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Pleiotropic Effects of Levofloxacin, Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics, against Influenza Virus-Induced Lung Injury. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130248. [PMID: 26086073 PMCID: PMC4473075 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) are major pathogenic molecules produced during viral lung infections, including influenza. While fluoroquinolones are widely used as antimicrobial agents for treating a variety of bacterial infections, including secondary infections associated with the influenza virus, it has been reported that they also function as anti-oxidants against ROS and as a NO regulator. Therefore, we hypothesized that levofloxacin (LVFX), one of the most frequently used fluoroquinolone derivatives, may attenuate pulmonary injuries associated with influenza virus infections by inhibiting the production of ROS species such as hydroxyl radicals and neutrophil-derived NO that is produced during an influenza viral infection. The therapeutic impact of LVFX was examined in a PR8 (H1N1) influenza virus-induced lung injury mouse model. ESR spin-trapping experiments indicated that LVFX showed scavenging activity against neutrophil-derived hydroxyl radicals. LVFX markedly improved the survival rate of mice that were infected with the influenza virus in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the LVFX treatment resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the level of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (a marker of oxidative stress) and nitrotyrosine (a nitrative marker) in the lungs of virus-infected mice, and the nitrite/nitrate ratio (NO metabolites) and IFN-γ in BALF. These results indicate that LVFX may be of substantial benefit in the treatment of various acute inflammatory disorders such as influenza virus-induced pneumonia, by inhibiting inflammatory cell responses and suppressing the overproduction of NO in the lungs.
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Nosaka N, Yashiro M, Yamada M, Fujii Y, Tsukahara H, Liu K, Nishibori M, Matsukawa A, Morishima T. Anti-high mobility group box-1 monoclonal antibody treatment provides protection against influenza A virus (H1N1)-induced pneumonia in mice. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2015; 19:249. [PMID: 26067826 PMCID: PMC4490661 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-015-0983-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Provision for the emergence of an influenza pandemic is an urgent issue. The discovery of a novel anti-influenza therapeutic approach would increase the effectiveness of traditional virus-based strategies. This study was undertaken to evaluate the therapeutic effects of anti-high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment on influenza A virus (H1N1)-induced pneumonia in mice. METHODS Nine-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were inoculated with H1N1, then anti-HMGB1 mAb or control mAb were administered intravenously at 1, 24 and 48 hours after H1N1 inoculation and the survival rate was analyzed. Lung lavage and histopathological analysis were performed on days 3, 5, 7 and 10 after inoculation. RESULTS Anti-HMGB1 mAb significantly improved the survival rate of H1N1-inoculated mice (1 out of 15 versus 8 out of 15 deaths in the anti-HMGB1 mAb-treated group versus the control mAb-treated group, p < 0.01), although the treatment did not affect virus propagation in the lungs. The treatment also significantly attenuated histological changes and neutrophil infiltration in the lungs of H1N1-inoculated mice. This was associated with inhibition of HMGB1 and suppression of inflammatory cytokine/chemokine expression and oxidative stress enhancement, which were observed in H1N1-inoculated mice. The expression of receptor for advanced glycation end products and nuclear factor κB was attenuated by the treatment. CONCLUSIONS Anti-HMGB1 mAb may provide a novel and effective pharmacological strategy for severe influenza virus infection in humans by reducing the inflammatory responses induced by HMGB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Nosaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Masato Yashiro
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Mutsuko Yamada
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Yosuke Fujii
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Hirokazu Tsukahara
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Keyue Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Nishibori
- Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Akihiro Matsukawa
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Tsuneo Morishima
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
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Thioredoxin 2 Is a Novel E2-Interacting Protein That Inhibits the Replication of Classical Swine Fever Virus. J Virol 2015; 89:8510-24. [PMID: 26041303 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00429-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The E2 protein of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is an envelope glycoprotein that is involved in virus attachment and entry. To date, the E2-interacting cellular proteins and their involvement in viral replication have been poorly documented. In this study, thioredoxin 2 (Trx2) was identified to be a novel E2-interacting partner using yeast two-hybrid screening from a porcine macrophage cDNA library. Trx2 is a mitochondrion-associated protein that participates in diverse cellular events. The Trx2-E2 interaction was further confirmed by glutathione S-transferase (GST) pulldown, in situ proximity ligation, and laser confocal assays. The thioredoxin domain of Trx2 and the asparagine at position 37 (N37) in the E2 protein were shown to be critical for the interaction. Silencing of the Trx2 expression in PK-15 cells by small interfering RNAs significantly promotes CSFV replication, and conversely, overexpression of Trx2 markedly inhibits viral replication of the wild-type (wt) CSFV and to a greater extent that of the CSFV N37D mutant, which is defective in binding Trx2. The wt CSFV but not the CSFV N37D mutant was shown to reduce the Trx2 protein expression in PK-15 cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Trx2 increases nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) promoter activity by promoting the nuclear translocation of the p65 subunit of NF-κB. Notably, activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway induced by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) significantly inhibits CSFV replication in PK-15 cells, whereas blocking the NF-κB activation in Trx2-overexpressing cells no longer suppresses CSFV replication. Taken together, our findings reveal that Trx2 inhibits CSFV replication via the NF-κB signaling pathway. IMPORTANCE Thioredoxin 2 (Trx2) is a mitochondrion-associated protein that participates in diverse cellular events, such as antioxidative and antiapoptotic processes and the modulation of transcription factors. However, little is known about the involvement of Trx2 in viral replication. Here, we investigated, for the first time, the role of Trx2 in the replication of classical swine fever virus (CSFV), a devastating pestivirus of pigs. By knockdown and overexpression, we showed that Trx2 negatively regulates CSFV replication. Notably, we demonstrated that Trx2 inhibits CSFV replication by promoting the nuclear translocation of the p65 subunit of NF-κB, a key regulator of the host's innate immunity and inflammatory response. Our findings reveal a novel role of Trx2 in the host's antiviral response and provide new insights into the complex mechanisms by which CSFV interacts with the host cell.
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Cao W, Li M, Li J, Li C, Xu X, Gu W. Geranylgeranylacetone ameliorates lung ischemia/reperfusion injury by HSP70 and thioredoxin redox system: NF-kB pathway involved. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2015; 32:109-15. [PMID: 25748490 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2015.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Geranylgeranylacetone (GGA) has been clinically used as an anti-ulcer drug. In the present study, we explored the protective effects of GGA on lung ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) and the underlying mechanism. The results demonstrated that GGA ameliorated the lung biochemical and histological alterations induced by IRI, which was reversed by HSP70 inhibition. To further explore the mechanism of GGA action, we focused on NF-kB and thioredoxin (Trx) redox system. It was shown that GGA induced the HSP70 and Trx-1 expression, NF-kB nuclear translocation and activated thioredoxin reductase (TrxR). The Trx-1 expression and TrxR activity was suppressed by HSP70 and NF-kB inhibition, while the nuclear NF-kB p65 expression was suppressed by HSP70 inhibitor. These results indicated that GGA may protect rat lung against IRI by HSP70 and Trx redox system, in which NF-kB pathway may be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Cao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Manhui Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jianxiong Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chengwei Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Weiqing Gu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
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Tanaka R, Ishima Y, Enoki Y, Kimachi K, Shirai T, Watanabe H, Chuang VTG, Maruyama T, Otagiri M. Therapeutic impact of human serum albumin-thioredoxin fusion protein on influenza virus-induced lung injury mice. Front Immunol 2014; 5:561. [PMID: 25414704 PMCID: PMC4220708 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the primary pathogenic molecules produced in viral lung infections. We previously reported on the use of a recombinant human serum albumin (HSA)–thioredoxin 1 (Trx) fusion protein (HSA–Trx) for extending the half-life Trx, an endogenous protein with anti-oxidant properties. As a result, it was possible to overcome the unfavorable pharmacokinetic and short pharmacological properties of Trx. We hypothesized that HSA–Trx would attenuate the enhanced ROS production of species such as hydroxyl radicals by neutrophils during an influenza viral infection. The levels of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine and 3-nitrotyrosine were used as indices of the anti-oxidant activity of HSA–Trx. In addition, the cytoprotective effects of HSA–Trx were examined in PR8 (H1N1) influenza virus-induced lung injured mice. The findings show that HSA–Trx reduced the number of total cells, neutrophils, and total protein in BALF of influenza virus-induced lung injured mice. The HSA–Trx treatment significantly decreased the level of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine and 3-nitrotyrosine, but failed to inhibit inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, in the lungs of the virus-infected mice. On the other hand, Tamiflu® treatment also significantly suppressed the production of inflammatory cells and neutrophil infiltration, as well as the protein level in BALF and lung histopathological alterations caused by the influenza virus. The suppressive effect of Tamiflu® was slightly stronger than that of HSA–Trx. Interestingly, Tamiflu® significantly decreased virus proliferation, while HSA–Trx had no effect. These results indicate that HSA–Trx may be of therapeutic value for the treatment of various acute inflammatory disorders such as influenza-virus-induced pneumonia, by inhibiting inflammatory-cell responses and suppressing the overproduction of NO in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Tanaka
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Yu Ishima
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan ; Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Yuki Enoki
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kimachi
- The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (KAKETSUKEN) , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Tatsuya Shirai
- The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (KAKETSUKEN) , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Hiroshi Watanabe
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan ; Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Victor T G Chuang
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University , Perth, WA , Australia
| | - Toru Maruyama
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan ; Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Masaki Otagiri
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University , Kumamoto , Japan ; DDS Research Institute, Sojo University , Kumamoto , Japan
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Li SW, Yang TC, Lai CC, Huang SH, Liao JM, Wan L, Lin YJ, Lin CW. Antiviral activity of aloe-emodin against influenza A virus via galectin-3 up-regulation. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 738:125-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 05/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Tian H, Matsuo Y, Fukunaga A, Ono R, Nishigori C, Yodoi J. Thioredoxin ameliorates cutaneous inflammation by regulating the epithelial production and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Front Immunol 2013; 4:269. [PMID: 24058364 PMCID: PMC3766902 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human thioredoxin-1 (TRX) is a 12-kDa protein with redox-active dithiol in the active site -Cys-Gly-Pro-Cys-. It has been demonstrated that systemic administration and transgenic overexpression of TRX ameliorate inflammation in various animal models, but its anti-inflammatory mechanism is not well characterized. We investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of topically applied recombinant human TRX (rhTRX) in a murine irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) induced by croton oil. Topically applied rhTRX was distributed only in the skin tissues under both non-inflammatory and inflammatory conditions, and significantly suppressed the inflammatory response by inhibiting the production of cytokines and chemokines, such as TNF-α, Il-1β, IL-6, CXCL-1, and MCP-1. In an in vitro study, rhTRX also significantly inhibited the formation of cytokines and chemokines produced by keratinocytes after exposure to croton oil and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. These results indicate that TRX prevents skin inflammation via the inhibition of local formation of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. As a promising new approach, local application of TRX may be useful for the treatment of various skin and mucosal inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Tian
- Redox Bio Science Inc , Kyoto , Japan
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Lucas R, Czikora I, Sridhar S, Zemskov EA, Oseghale A, Circo S, Cederbaum SD, Chakraborty T, Fulton DJ, Caldwell RW, Romero MJ. Arginase 1: an unexpected mediator of pulmonary capillary barrier dysfunction in models of acute lung injury. Front Immunol 2013; 4:228. [PMID: 23966993 PMCID: PMC3736115 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The integrity of epithelial and endothelial barriers in the lower airspaces of the lungs has to be tightly regulated, in order to prevent leakage and to assure efficient gas exchange between the alveoli and capillaries. Both G− and G+ bacterial toxins, such as lipopolysaccharide and pneumolysin, respectively, can be released in high concentrations within the pulmonary compartments upon antibiotic treatment of patients suffering from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or severe pneumonia. These toxins are able to impair endothelial barrier function, either directly, or indirectly, by induction of pro-inflammatory mediators and neutrophil sequestration. Toxin-induced endothelial hyperpermeability can involve myosin light chain phosphorylation and/or microtubule rearrangement. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was proposed to be a guardian of basal barrier function, since eNOS knock-out mice display an impaired expression of inter-endothelial junction proteins and as such an increased vascular permeability, as compared to wild type mice. The enzyme arginase, the activity of which can be regulated by the redox status of the cell, exists in two isoforms – arginase 1 (cytosolic) and arginase 2 (mitochondrial) – both of which can be expressed in lung microvascular endothelial cells. Upon activation, arginase competes with eNOS for the substrate l-arginine, as such impairing eNOS-dependent NO generation and promoting reactive oxygen species generation by the enzyme. This mini-review will discuss recent findings regarding the interaction between bacterial toxins and arginase during acute lung injury and will as such address the role of arginase in bacterial toxin-induced pulmonary endothelial barrier dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf Lucas
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University , Augusta, GA , USA ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University , Augusta, GA , USA ; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University , Augusta, GA , USA
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Matsuo Y, Yodoi J. Extracellular thioredoxin: A therapeutic tool to combat inflammation. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2013; 24:345-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Inhibition of neutrophil elastase attenuates airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation in a mouse model of secondary allergen challenge: neutrophil elastase inhibition attenuates allergic airway responses. Respir Res 2013; 14:8. [PMID: 23347423 PMCID: PMC3570429 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-14-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic asthma is often associated with neutrophilic infiltration in the airways. Neutrophils contain elastase, a potent secretagogue in the airways, nonetheless the role for neutrophil elastase as well as neutrophilic inflammation in allergen-induced airway responses is not well defined. In this study, we have investigated the impact of neutrophil elastase inhibition on the development of allergic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in previously sensitized and challenged mice. METHODS BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged (primary) with ovalbumin (OVA). Six weeks later, a single OVA aerosol (secondary challenge) was delivered and airway inflammation and airway responses were monitored 6 and 48 hrs later. An inhibitor of neutrophil elastase was administered prior to secondary challenge. RESULTS Mice developed a two-phase airway inflammatory response after secondary allergen challenge, one neutrophilic at 6 hr and the other eosinophilic, at 48 hr. PAR-2 expression in the lung tissues was enhanced following secondary challenge, and that PAR-2 intracellular expression on peribronchial lymph node (PBLN) T cells was also increased following allergen challenge of sensitized mice. Inhibition of neutrophil elastase significantly attenuated AHR, goblet cell metaplasia, and inflammatory cell accumulation in the airways following secondary OVA challenge. Levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13, and eotaxin in BAL fluid 6 hr after secondary allergen challenge were significantly suppressed by the treatment. At 48 hr, treatment with the neutrophil elastase inhibitor significantly reduced the levels of IL-13 and TGF-β1 in the BAL fluid. In parallel, in vitro IL-13 production was significantly inhibited in spleen cells from sensitized mice. CONCLUSION These data indicate that neutrophil elastase plays an important role in the development of allergic airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness, and would suggest that the neutrophil elastase inhibitor reduced AHR to inhaled methacholine indicating the potential for its use as a modulator of the immune/inflammatory response in both the neutrophil- and eosinophil-dominant phases of the response to secondary allergen challenge.
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