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Tundis R, Patra JK, Bonesi M, Das S, Nath R, Das Talukdar A, Das G, Loizzo MR. Anti-Cancer Agent: The Labdane Diterpenoid-Andrographolide. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1969. [PMID: 37653887 PMCID: PMC10221142 DOI: 10.3390/plants12101969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
In spite of the progress in treatment strategies, cancer remains a major cause of death worldwide. Therefore, the main challenge should be the early diagnosis of cancer and the design of an optimal therapeutic strategy to increase the patient's life expectancy as well as the continuation of the search for increasingly active and selective molecules for the treatment of different forms of cancer. In the recent decades, research in the field of natural compounds has increasingly shifted towards advanced and molecular level understandings, thus leading to the development of potent anti-cancer agents. Among them is the diterpene lactone andrographolide, isolated from Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wall. ex Nees that showed shows a plethora of biological activities, including not only anti-cancer activity, but also anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-bacterial, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, and immunomodulatory properties. Andrographolide has been shown to act as an anti-tumor drug by affecting specific molecular targets that play a part in the development and progression of several cancer types including breast, lung, colon, renal, and cervical cancer, as well as leukemia and hepatocarcinoma. This review comprehensively and systematically summarized the current research on the potential anti-cancer properties of andrographolide highlighting its mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and potential side effects and discussing the future perspectives, challenges, and limitations of use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (R.T.)
| | - Jayanta Kumar Patra
- Research Institute of Integrative Life Sciences, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi 10326, Republic of Korea;
| | - Marco Bonesi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (R.T.)
| | - Subrata Das
- Department of Botany and Biotechnology, Karimganj College, Assam University, Assam 788710, India
| | - Rajat Nath
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Assam 788011, India
| | - Anupam Das Talukdar
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Assam 788011, India
| | - Gitishree Das
- Research Institute of Integrative Life Sciences, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi 10326, Republic of Korea;
| | - Monica Rosa Loizzo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (R.T.)
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Steinhoff M, Alam M, Ahmad A, Uddin S, Buddenkotte J. Targeting oncogenic transcription factors in skin malignancies: An update on cancer stemness and therapeutic outcomes. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 87:98-116. [PMID: 36372325 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The skin is the largest organ of the human body and prone to various diseases, including cancer; thus, provides the first line of defense against exogenous biological and non-biological agents. Skin cancer, a complex and heterogenic process, with steep incidence rate often metastasizes due to poor understanding of the underlying mechanisms of pathogenesis and clinical challenges. Indeed, accumulating evidence indicates that deregulation of transcription factors (TFs) due to genetic, epigenetic and signaling distortions plays essential role in the development of cutaneous malignancies and therapeutic challenges including cancer stemness features and reprogramming. This review highlights the recent developments exploring underlying mechanisms how deregulated TFs (e.g., NF-κB, AP-1, STAT etc.,) orchestrates cutaneous onco-pathogenesis, reprogramming, stemness and poor clinical outcomes. Along this line, bioactive drugs, and their derivatives from natural and or synthetic origin has gained attention due to their multitargeting potential, potentially safer and effective therapeutic outcome for human malignancies. We also discussed therapeutic importance of targeting aberrantly expressed TFs in skin cancers with bioactive natural products and or synthetic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Steinhoff
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Qatar Foundation-Education City, Doha 24144, Qatar; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
| | - Majid Alam
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Laboratory Animal Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Joerg Buddenkotte
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
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Fakhri S, Moradi SZ, Yarmohammadi A, Narimani F, Wallace CE, Bishayee A. Modulation of TLR/NF-κB/NLRP Signaling by Bioactive Phytocompounds: A Promising Strategy to Augment Cancer Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:834072. [PMID: 35299751 PMCID: PMC8921560 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.834072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumors often progress to a more aggressive phenotype to resist drugs. Multiple dysregulated pathways are behind this tumor behavior which is known as cancer chemoresistance. Thus, there is an emerging need to discover pivotal signaling pathways involved in the resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and cancer immunotherapy. Reports indicate the critical role of the toll-like receptor (TLR)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/Nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing (NLRP) pathway in cancer initiation, progression, and development. Therefore, targeting TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling is a promising strategy to augment cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy and to combat chemoresistance. Considering the potential of phytochemicals in the regulation of multiple dysregulated pathways during cancer initiation, promotion, and progression, such compounds could be suitable candidates against cancer chemoresistance. Objectives This is the first comprehensive and systematic review regarding the role of phytochemicals in the mitigation of chemoresistance by regulating the TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling pathway in chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Methods A comprehensive and systematic review was designed based on Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane electronic databases. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed to include papers on TLR/NF-κB/NLRP and chemotherapy/immunotherapy/chemoresistance by phytochemicals. Results Phytochemicals are promising multi-targeting candidates against the TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling pathway and interconnected mediators. Employing phenolic compounds, alkaloids, terpenoids, and sulfur compounds could be a promising strategy for managing cancer chemoresistance through the modulation of the TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling pathway. Novel delivery systems of phytochemicals in cancer chemotherapy/immunotherapy are also highlighted. Conclusion Targeting TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling with bioactive phytocompounds reverses chemoresistance and improves the outcome for chemotherapy and immunotherapy in both preclinical and clinical stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Akram Yarmohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Narimani
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Carly E. Wallace
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, United States
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, United States
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Plant-Derived Terpenoids: A Promising Tool in the Fight against Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030502. [PMID: 35158770 PMCID: PMC8833325 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite the numerous therapies, melanoma remains the deadliest of all skin cancers; however, plant-derived terpenoids are defense molecules that have proven anti-cancer properties. In this review, we present the results of the search for anti-melanoma plant terpenoids. Additionally, we show the effects of combining terpenoids with standard drugs, radiation therapy, or other plant substances on melanoma cell lines and animal models. Finally, we present some examples of drug delivery systems that increase the uptake of terpenoids by melanoma tissue. Abstract Melanoma is responsible for the highest number of skin cancer-caused deaths worldwide. Despite the numerous melanoma-treating options, the fight against it remains challenging, mainly due to its great heterogeneity and plasticity, as well as the high toxicity of standard drugs. Plant-derived terpenoids are a group of plant defense molecules that have been proven effective in killing many different types of cancer cells, both in in vitro experiments and in vivo models. In this review, we focus on recent results in the search for plant terpenoids with anti-melanoma activity. We also report on the synergistic action of combining terpenoids with other plant-derived substances, MAP kinase inhibitors, or radiation. Additionally, we present examples of terpenoid-loaded nanoparticle carriers as anti-melanoma agents that have increased permeation through the cancer tissue.
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Abstract
Andrographolide is a labdane diterpenoid extracted and purified from the aerial parts of plants belonging to genus Andrographis (Acanthaceae). The research has shown the plant based compound is low cytotoxic, having antimicrobial, anti-cancer, antiviral and anti-parasitic effects. Andrographolide both prevent spread as well as transmission of virus to neighboring cells by interfering with different cell signaling pathways. In addition to its medicinal value, plant has been found having nutritional value. Therefore being cost effective, easy availability and having nutritional value as a natural supplement, can be used to improve the quality of life in countries having low standard of living. Due to the limited number of effective vaccines, the plant-based antiviral drugs have provided considerable hope for fighting against the viral infections. The plant-derived compound when produced in large quantities is cost effective with low cytotoxic effects. However, much deep insight research at the molecular level is needed to develop the molecules against the viral infection. This paper aims to highlight the antiviral role of Andrographolide that can made significant contributions toward the improvement of human health and will also summarize the current status and future strategies concerning the therapeutic applications of Andrographolide to combat different viral disease in humans.
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Zhang H, Li S, Si Y, Xu H. Andrographolide and its derivatives: Current achievements and future perspectives. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 224:113710. [PMID: 34315039 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Natural product andrographolide isolated from the plant Andrographis paniculata shows a plethora of biological activities, including anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammation, anti-virus, anti-fibrosis, anti-obesity, immunomodulatory and hypoglycemic activities. Based on extensive chemical structural modifications, a series of andrographolide derivatives with improved bioavailability and druggability has been developed. Moreover, greater understanding of their mechanisms of action at the molecular and cellular level has been thoroughly investigated. In this review, we give an outlook for the therapeutical potential of andrographolide and its derivatives in diverse diseases and highlighted the drug design, pharmacokinetic and mechanistic studies for the past ten years, together with a brief overview of the pharmacological effects. Notably, we focused to provide a critical enlightenment of the area of andrographolide and its derivatives with the intent of indicating the future perspectives, challenges and limitations. We believe that this review paper will benefit drug discovery where andrographolide was used as a template, shed light on the identification of drug targets for andrographolide and its analogs, as well as increase our knowledge for using them for therapeutic application, including the treatment for various forms of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Shufeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Yongsheng Si
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Haiwei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
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Li J, Huang L, He Z, Chen M, Ding Y, Yao Y, Duan Y, Zixuan L, Qi C, Zheng L, Li J, Zhang R, Li X, Dai J, Wang L, Zhang QQ. Andrographolide Suppresses the Growth and Metastasis of Luminal-Like Breast Cancer by Inhibiting the NF-κB/miR-21-5p/PDCD4 Signaling Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:643525. [PMID: 34249905 PMCID: PMC8261247 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.643525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor growth and metastasis are responsible for breast cancer-related mortality. Andrographolide (Andro) is a traditional anti-inflammatory drug used in the clinic that inhibits NF-κB activation. Recently, Andro has been found in the treatment of various cancers. Andro inhibits breast cell proliferation and invasion and induces apoptosis via activating various signaling pathways. Therefore, the underlying mechanisms with regard to the antitumor effects of Andro still need to be further confirmed. Herein, a MMTV-PyMT spontaneous luminal-like breast cancer lung metastatic transgenic tumor model was employed to estimate the antitumor effects of Andro on breast cancer in vivo. Andro significantly inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in MMTV-PyMT mice and suppressed the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of MCF-7 breast cancer cells in vitro. Meanwhile, Andro significantly inhibited the expression of NF-κB, and the downregulated NF-κB reduced miR-21-5p expression. In addition, miR-21-5p dramatically inhibited the target gene expression of programmed cell death protein 4 (PDCD4). In the current study, we demonstrated the potential anticancer effects of Andro on luminal-like breast cancer and indicated that Andro inhibits the expression of miR-21-5p and further promotes PDCD4 via NF-κB suppression. Therefore, Andro could be an antitumor agent for the treatment of luminal-like breast cancer in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchen Li
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixun Huang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zinan He
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minggui Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Ding
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuying Yao
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youfa Duan
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zixuan
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuiling Qi
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingyun Zheng
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangchao Li
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongxin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital of Baoan District, Affiliated Baoan Hospital of Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianwei Dai
- Guangzhou Medical University-Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health (GMU-GIBH) Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijing Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian-Qian Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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Malik Z, Parveen R, Parveen B, Zahiruddin S, Aasif Khan M, Khan A, Massey S, Ahmad S, Husain SA. Anticancer potential of andrographolide from Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees and its mechanisms of action. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 272:113936. [PMID: 33610710 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Synthetic drugs used for cancer treatment have side effects that may be immunosupressive, can cause liver, kidney and cardiac toxicity, and infertility and ovarian failure, among others. Thus, herbal drugs could be used in the cancer treatment as an adjuvant therapy. Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees (AP) is one of the traditional herbs used in different alternative medicinal systems such as Ayurveda, Unani, Chinese, Malayi, Siddha, etc. for the treatment of various disorders and diseases including cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of writing this review is to highlight the medicinal importance of AP and its main phytoconstituent andrographolide (AG). The main emphasis was given on the anticancer activity of AG, its proposed mechanisms of action, novel approaches used to improve its biopharmaceutical properties with the perspective of evidence-based research, and its development as an adjuvant therapy for cancer treatment in future. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature survey was conducted and research papers were retrieved from different databases such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, ACS, Wiley online library, ScienceDirect, Springer, and Scopus during 1970-2020. Research articles, review articles, and short communications, etc. were used for this purpose. The papers were selected on the basis of exclusion and inclusion criteria. RESULTS Different anticancer mechanisms of AG have been reportedly proven such as cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, NF-κβ inhibition, antiangiogenesis, cytokine inhibition, etc. whereas its pharmacokinetic properties showed its highly protein bound nature, Cyt P400 (CYP) inhibition, low aqueous solubility, poor oral bioavailability, etc. Different novel formulations of AG have been investigated to increase its bioavailability for better efficacy. CONCLUSION This review can provide knowledge about the potential applicability of AP or AG as an adjuvant therapy in cancer treatment. Further research is needed before making any conclusion about the efficacy in humans as an adjuvant therapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoya Malik
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India; Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Rabea Parveen
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India; Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Bushra Parveen
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Sultan Zahiruddin
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mohammad Aasif Khan
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Asifa Khan
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Sheersh Massey
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
| | - Syed Akhtar Husain
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
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Li H, Chen P, Chen L, Wang X. The Natural Flavonoid Naringenin Inhibits the Cell Growth of Wilms Tumor in Children by Suppressing TLR4/NF-κB Signaling. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:1120-1126. [PMID: 32819237 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620999200818155814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nuclear Factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is usually activated in Wilms Tumor (WT) cells and plays a critical role in WT development. OBJECTIVE The study's purpose was to screen for a NF-κB inhibitor from the natural product library and explore its effects on WT development. METHODS Luciferase assay was employed to assess the effects of natural chemicals on NF-κB activity. CCK-8 assay was conducted to assess cell growth in response to naringenin. WT xenograft model was established to analyze the effect of naringenin in vivo. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot were performed to examine the mRNA and protein levels of relative genes, respectively. RESULTS Naringenin displayed a significant inhibitory effect on NF-κB activation in SK-NEP-1 cells. In SKNEP- 1 and G-401 cells, naringenin inhibited p65 phosphorylation. Moreover, naringenin suppressed TNF-α- induced p65 phosphorylation in WT cells. Naringenin inhibited TLR4 expression at both mRNA and protein levels in WT cells. CCK-8 staining showed that naringenin inhibited cell growth of the two above WT cells in doseand time-dependent manner, whereas Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) overexpression partially reversed the above phenomena. Besides, naringenin suppressed WT tumor growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner in vivo. Western blot found that naringenin inhibited TLR4 expression and p65 phosphorylation in WT xenograft tumors. CONCLUSION Naringenin inhibits WT development via suppressing TLR4/NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No.16 Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No.16 Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No.16 Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Xinning Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No.16 Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou 061000, Hebei, China
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Hao M, Lv M, Xu H. Andrographolide: Synthetic Methods and Biological Activities. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:1633-1652. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200429100326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Andrographolide, a labdane diterpenoid, is extracted and isolated from the plants of
Andrographis paniculata. Andrographolide and its derivatives exhibited a wide range of biological
properties, including anticancer activity, antibacterial activity, hepatoprotective activity, antiinflammatory
activity, antiviral activity, antimalarial activity, antidiabetic activity, insecticidal activity,
etc. As a continuation, this review aims at giving an overview of the recent advances (from 2015 to
2018) of andrographolide and its derivatives with regard to bioactivities, mechanisms of action, structural
modifications, and structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Hao
- College of Plant Protection/Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Min Lv
- College of Plant Protection/Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hui Xu
- College of Plant Protection/Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
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11
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The Prowess of Andrographolide as a Natural Weapon in the War against Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082159. [PMID: 32759728 PMCID: PMC7465495 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been a paradigm shift in our understanding about the multifaceted nature of cancer, and a wealth of information has revealed that single-target drugs are not good enough to provide satisfactory clinical outcomes and therapeutic effects for complex diseases which involve multiple factors. Therefore, there has been a reignition to search for natural products having premium pharmacological activities aim to efficiently target multiple deregulated cellular signaling pathways. Andrographolide, a diterpene lactone from Andrographis paniculata was brought into to the limelight because of its ability to inhibit cancer cell proliferation and induce apoptosis. Here we reviewed andrographolide on cellular pathways regulation including Wnt/β-catenin, mTOR, VEGF-mediated intracellular signaling, as well as TRAIL-mediated apoptosis to inhibit cancer development.
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12
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Fu S, Du L, Yuan Y, He X. Quality Evaluation of Andrographis paniculata Capsules Based on Rapid and Accurate LC–ESI–MS/MS Assay of Three Diterpenoids. J Chromatogr Sci 2019; 57:708-714. [PMID: 31260057 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmz044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Andrographis paniculata is an important traditional Chinese herbal material widely used for treatment of fever and diarrhea. The three diterpenoids [andrographolide (AP), dehydroandrographolide (DP) and neoandrographolide (NP)] in A. paniculata were characterized as the key active components for its extractive and related medicinal preparations. A rapid and accurate quantitative analysis of these three diterpenoids in A. paniculata capsules was accomplished by means of a valid and reliable high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric (HPLC–MS/MS) analytical method. An optimized gradient elution method, which under the mobile phase consisting of methanol and water, was established successfully. An XDB C18 column (3.5 μm, 2.1 mm × 50 mm) was successfully applied to separate these three diterpenoids at the flow rate of 0.55 mL/min. A triple quadrupole mass spectrometer with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode using an electrospray ionization source was served for analytical detection. The linearity, specificity, accuracy, recovery, precision, stability and repeatability were demonstrated to fully confirm the validity of this study. Good linear regression relationships for the three analytes were obtained over the range of 0.50–1000 ng/mL. Intra-day and inter-day precisions were evaluated with relative standard deviation < 7.62%, and the extraction recovery varied from 93.8% to 102.0%. The rapid and accurate HPLC–MS/MS analytical method was developed for the quality evaluation of A. paniculata capsules successfully. The content of AP, DP and NP obtained were 3.90–4.08, 4.77–5.04, 4.32–4.48 mg/g in A. paniculata capsules, respectively. Moreover, it is expected that this analytical technique can be applied to detect three effective components rapidly and accurately in other different medicinal preparations of A. paniculata as a method for their quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Fu
- Center for Drug Evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, No. 128, Jianguo Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100022, P.R. China
| | - Lemei Du
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese MateriaMedica, No. 10, Poyang Lake Road, West Zone of Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Analytical Test Department, No. 220, Dongting Road,Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone,Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
| | - Xin He
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese MateriaMedica, No. 10, Poyang Lake Road, West Zone of Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, P.R. China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Pharmacology Department, No. 10, Poyang Lake Road, West Zone of Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, P.R. China
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13
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Dickinson SE, Wondrak GT. TLR4 in skin cancer: From molecular mechanisms to clinical interventions. Mol Carcinog 2019; 58:1086-1093. [PMID: 31020719 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The health and economic burden imposed by skin cancer is substantial, creating an urgent need for the development of improved molecular strategies for its prevention and treatment. Cutaneous exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a causative factor in skin carcinogenesis, and TLR4-dependent inflammatory dysregulation is an emerging key mechanism underlying detrimental effects of acute and chronic UV exposure. Direct and indirect TLR4 activation, upstream of inflammatory signaling, is elicited by a variety of stimuli, including pathogen-associated molecular patterns (such as lipopolysaccharide) and damage-associated molecular patterns (such as HMGB1) that are formed upon exposure to environmental stressors, such as solar UV. TLR4 involvement has now been implicated in major types of skin malignancies, including nonmelanoma skin cancer, melanoma and Merkel cell carcinoma. Targeted molecular interventions that positively or negatively modulate TLR4 signaling have shown promise in translational, preclinical, and clinical investigations that may benefit skin cancer patients in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally E Dickinson
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and The University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Georg T Wondrak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and The University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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14
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Forestier-Román IS, López-Rivas A, Sánchez-Vázquez MM, Rohena-Rivera K, Nieves-Burgos G, Ortiz-Zuazaga H, Torres-Ramos CA, Martínez-Ferrer M. Andrographolide induces DNA damage in prostate cancer cells. Oncotarget 2019; 10:1085-1101. [PMID: 30800220 PMCID: PMC6383681 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common diagnosed cancer and is the third cause of cancer mortality in men in the USA. Andrographolide, a diterpenoid lactone isolated from Andrographis paniculata, has shown to possess anticarcinogenic activity in a variety of cancer cells. In this study, we examined the efficacy of Andrographolide in PCa using in vitro and in vivo models. Androgen-independent (PC3) and androgen-dependent (22RV1) cell lines were treated with Andrographolide to determine the effect in cell motility, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Andrographolide decreased PCa cell migration, decreased invasion, and increased cell apoptosis in vitro. Tumor growth was evaluated using an orthotopic xenograft model in which the prostates of SCID mice were injected with 22RV1, and mice were treated three times per week with Andrographolide 10 mg/kg. Andrographolide decreased tumor volume, MMP11 expression and blood vessels formation in vivo. Gene expression analysis identified cellular compromise, cell cycle, and “DNA recombination, replication and repair” as the major molecular and cellular functions altered in tumors treated with Andrographolide. Within DNA repair genes we confirmed increased expression of genes involved in DNA double strand break repair. Consistent with this observation we detected increased γH2AX in Andrographolide treated tumors and in cells in culture. Taken together, these data suggest that Andrographolide inhibits PCa by promoting DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid S Forestier-Román
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA.,University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Cancer Biology, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Andrés López-Rivas
- University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Cancer Biology, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico at Rio Piedras, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - María M Sánchez-Vázquez
- University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Cancer Biology, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Krizia Rohena-Rivera
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA.,University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Cancer Biology, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Gretchen Nieves-Burgos
- University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Cancer Biology, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico at Rio Piedras, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Humberto Ortiz-Zuazaga
- Department of Computer Sciences, University of Puerto Rico at Rio Piedras, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Carlos A Torres-Ramos
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Magaly Martínez-Ferrer
- University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Cancer Biology, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
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15
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Dickinson SE, Wondrak GT. TLR4-directed Molecular Strategies Targeting Skin Photodamage and Carcinogenesis. Curr Med Chem 2019; 25:5487-5502. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170828125328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a causative factor in
skin photodamage and carcinogenesis, and inflammatory dysregulation is a key mechanism
underlying detrimental effects of acute and chronic UV exposure. The health and economic
burden of skin cancer treatment is substantial, creating an increasingly urgent need for the development
of improved molecular strategies for photoprotection and photochemoprevention.
Methods:
A structured search of bibliographic databases for peer-reviewed research literature
revealed 139 articles including our own that are presented and critically evaluated in this
TLR4-directed review.
Objective:
To understand the molecular role of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) as a key regulator
of skin anti-microbial defense, wound healing, and cutaneous tumorigenic inflammation. The
specific focus of this review is on recent published evidence suggesting that TLR4 represents
a novel molecular target for skin photoprotection and cancer photochemoprevention.
Results:
Cumulative experimental evidence indicates that pharmacological and genetic antagonism
of TLR4 suppresses UV-induced inflammatory signaling involving the attenuation
of cutaneous NF-κB and AP-1 stress signaling observable in vitro and in vivo. TLR4-directed
small molecule pharmacological antagonists [including eritoran, (+)-naloxone, ST2825, and
resatorvid] have now been identified as a novel class of molecular therapeutics. TLR4 antagonists
are in various stages of preclinical and clinical development for the modulation of
dysregulated TLR4-dependent inflammatory signaling that may also contribute to skin photodamage
and photocarcinogenesis in human populations.
Conclusion:
Future research should explore the skin photoprotective and photochemopreventive
efficacy of topical TLR4 antagonism if employed in conjunction with other molecular
strategies including sunscreens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally E. Dickinson
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and The University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, United States
| | - Georg T. Wondrak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and The University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, United States
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16
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Kohtz PD, Halpern AL, Eldeiry MA, Hazel K, Kalatardi S, Ao L, Meng X, Reece TB, Fullerton DA, Weyant MJ. Toll-Like Receptor-4 Is a Mediator of Proliferation in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. Ann Thorac Surg 2019; 107:233-241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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17
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Chen X, Chang L, Qu Y, Liang J, Jin W, Xia X. Tea polyphenols inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of melanoma cells through the down-regulation of TLR4. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2018; 32:394632017739531. [PMID: 29359608 PMCID: PMC5849249 DOI: 10.1177/0394632017739531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most common skin cancer and malignant melanoma which can cause
skin cancer-related deaths. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) had been reported to
play an important role in melanoma, and tea polyphenol (TP) is regarded as an
anticancer substance. However, the relationship between TP and TLR4 in melanoma
is not well explored. Therefore, our aim is to figure out how TP has an
influence on melanoma. Melanoma cell lines (B16F10 and A375) were treated with
TP and lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Western blot assay was used to examine TLR4
expression, and MTT assay was conducted to assess proliferation. Wound healing
assay was conducted to evaluate the migration of melanoma cells, and transwell
assay was used to examine the melanoma cells’ invasiveness. Besides, in vivo
experiments were practiced for TP function in mice with melanoma cells. TP
inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion ability of melanoma cells,
which displayed a dosage and time dependence. TLR4 was highly expressed in
melanoma cells compared with normal skin cells. TP could suppress TLR4
expression both in normal melanomas and in stimulated melanomas by TLR4 agonist
LPS. Suppressing TLR4 in melanomas could inhibit cell function (proliferation,
migration, and invasion), and blocking the expression of 67LR could abolish TP
function on TLR4. TP can inhibit melanoma (B16F10) growth in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjin Chen
- 1 Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Lili Chang
- 2 Department of Cardiac Surgical Care Unit, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Yan Qu
- 1 Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Jinning Liang
- 1 Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Waishu Jin
- 1 Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Xiujuan Xia
- 1 Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
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18
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Hodroj MH, Jardaly A, Abi Raad S, Zouein A, Rizk S. Andrographolide potentiates the antitumor effect of topotecan in acute myeloid leukemia cells through an intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:1079-1088. [PMID: 29785137 PMCID: PMC5955015 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s160924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Topotecan (TP) is an anticancer drug acting as topoisomerase I inhibitor that is used in the treatment of many types of cancers including leukemia, but it has significant side effects. Andrographolide, a compound extracted from Andrographis paniculata, was recently proven to inhibit the growth of cancer cells and can induce apoptosis. The aim of this study is to investigate the possible synergism between TP and andrographolide in acute myeloid cells in vitro. Materials and methods U937 acute myeloid leukemic cells were cultured using Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) medium and then treated for 24 h with TP and andrographolide prepared through the dilution of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) stocks with RPMI on the day of treatment. Cell proliferation was assessed using cell proliferation assay upon treatment with both compounds separately and in combination. Cell-cycle study and apoptosis detection were performed by staining the cells with propidium iodide (PI) stain and Annexin V/PI stain, respectively, followed by flow cytometry analysis. Western blotting was used to assess the expression of various proteins involved in apoptotic pathways. Results Both TP and andrographolide showed an antiproliferative effect in a dose-dependent manner when applied on U937 cells separately; however, pretreating the cells with andrographolide before applying TP exhibited a synergistic effect with lower inhibitory concentrations (half-maximal inhibitory concentration). Treating the cells with TP alone led to specific cell-cycle arrest at S phase that was more prominent upon pretreatment combination with andrographolide. Using Annexin V/PI staining to assess the proapoptotic effect following the pretreatment combination showed an increase in the number of apoptotic cells, which was supported by the Western blot results that manifested an upregulation of several proapoptotic proteins expression. Conclusion The pretreatment of U937 with andrographolide followed by low doses of TP showed an enhancement in inducing apoptosis when compared to the application of each compound separately.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Achraf Jardaly
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sarah Abi Raad
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Annalise Zouein
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sandra Rizk
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
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19
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Extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT) is a novel marker for patients with BRAF-mutated metastatic melanoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:18997-19005. [PMID: 29721178 PMCID: PMC5922372 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic melanoma carrying BRAF mutations represent a still unmet medical need as success of BRAF inhibitors is limited by development of resistance. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is a key enzyme in NAD biosynthesis. An extracellular form (eNAMPT) possesses cytokine-like functions and is up-regulated in inflammatory disorders, including cancer. Here we show that eNAMPT is actively released in culture supernatants of melanoma cell lines. Furthermore, cells that become resistant to BRAF inhibitors (BiR) show a significant increase of eNAMPT levels. Plasma from mice xenografted with BiR cell lines contain higher eNAMPT levels compared to tumor-free animals. Consistently, eNAMPT levels are elevated in 113 patients with BRAF-mutated metastatic melanoma compared to 50 with localized disease or to 38 healthy donors, showing a direct correlation with markers of tumor burden, such as LDH, or aggressive disease (such as PD-L1). eNAMPT concentrations decrease in response to therapy with BRAF/MEK inhibitors, but increase again at progression, as inferred from the serial analysis of 50 patients. Lastly, high eNAMPT levels correlate with a significantly shorter overall survival. Our findings suggest that eNAMPT is a novel marker of tumor burden and response to therapy in patients with metastatic melanoma carrying BRAF mutations.
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20
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Islam MT, Ali ES, Uddin SJ, Islam MA, Shaw S, Khan IN, Saravi SSS, Ahmad S, Rehman S, Gupta VK, Găman MA, Găman AM, Yele S, Das AK, de Castro E Sousa JM, de Moura Dantas SMM, Rolim HML, de Carvalho Melo-Cavalcante AA, Mubarak MS, Yarla NS, Shilpi JA, Mishra SK, Atanasov AG, Kamal MA. Andrographolide, a diterpene lactone from Andrographis paniculata and its therapeutic promises in cancer. Cancer Lett 2018; 420:129-145. [PMID: 29408515 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The diterpene lactone andrographolide, isolated from Andrographis paniculata, has been proven to possess several important protective biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antiseptic, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, hypolipidemic, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective effects. In addition, it has been reported to play a therapeutic role in the treatment of major human diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and colitis. This systematic review aims to highlight andrographolide as a promising agent in cancer treatment. To this purpose, a number of databases were used to search for the cytotoxic/anticancer effects of andrographolide in pre-clinical and clinical studies. Among 1703 identified literature articles, 139 were included in this review; 109 were investigated as non-clinical, whereas 24, 3, and 3 were pre-clinical, clinical, and non-pre-clinical trials, respectively. Among the model systems, cultured cell lines appeared as the most frequently (79.14%) used, followed by in vivo models using rodents, among others. Furthermore, andrographolide was found to exert cytotoxic/anticancer effects on almost all types of cell lines with the underlying mechanisms involving oxidative stress, cell cycle arrest, anti-inflammatory and immune system mediated effects, apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, inhibition of cell adhesion, proliferation, migration, invasion, anti-angiogenic activity, and other miscellaneous actions. After careful consideration of the relevant evidence, we suggest that andrographolide can be one of the potential agents in the treatment of cancer in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam; Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam; Department of Pharmacy, Ranada Prasad Shaha University, Narayanganj, 1400, Bangladesh
| | - Eunüs S Ali
- Gaco Pharmaceuticals and Research Laboratory, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, 5042, Australia
| | - Shaikh Jamal Uddin
- Pharmacy Discipline, School of Life Sciences, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Md Amirul Islam
- Pharmacy Discipline, School of Life Sciences, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Subrata Shaw
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Ishaq N Khan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, 25100, Pakistan
| | - Seyed Soheil Saeedi Saravi
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, USA; Department of Toxicology-Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Saheem Ahmad
- Department of Bio-Sciences, Integral University, Lucknow, U.P., 226026, India
| | - Shahnawaz Rehman
- Department of Bio-Sciences, Integral University, Lucknow, U.P., 226026, India
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Mihnea-Alexandru Găman
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Amelia Maria Găman
- Department of Pathophysiology, Research Center of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania; Department of Haematology, Filantropia City Hospital of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Santosh Yele
- School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Shirpur, India
| | - Asish Kumar Das
- Pharmacy Discipline, School of Life Sciences, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Hercília Maria Lins Rolim
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanosystems (NANOSFAR), Postgraduate Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | | | | | - Nagendra Sastry Yarla
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500003, T.N., India
| | - Jamil A Shilpi
- Pharmacy Discipline, School of Life Sciences, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Siddhartha Kumar Mishra
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences (Zoology), Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, 470003, M.P., India
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Poland; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia; Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW, 2770, Australia; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia.
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21
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Yang SL, Kuo FH, Chen PN, Hsieh YH, Yu NY, Yang WE, Hsieh MJ, Yang SF. Andrographolide suppresses the migratory ability of human glioblastoma multiforme cells by targeting ERK1/2-mediated matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression. Oncotarget 2017; 8:105860-105872. [PMID: 29285298 PMCID: PMC5739685 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) can be a fatal tumor because of difficulties in treating the related metastasis. Andrographolide is the bioactive component of the Andrographis paniculata. Andrographolide possesses the anti-inflammatory activity and inhibits the growth of various cancers; however, its effect on GBM cancer motility remains largely unknown. In this study, we examined the antimetastatic properties of andrographolide in human GBM cells. Our results revealed that andrographolide inhibited the invasion and migration abilities of GBM8401 and U251 cells. Furthermore, andrographolide inhibited matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 activity and expression. Real-time PCR and promoter activity assays indicated that andrographolide inhibited MMP-2 expression at the transcriptional level. Such inhibitory effects were associated with the suppression of CREB DNA-binding activity and CREB expression. Mechanistically, andrographolide inhibited the cell motility of GBM8401 cells through the extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 pathway, and the blocking of the ERK 1/2 pathway could reverse MMP-2-mediated cell motility. In conclusion, CREB is a crucial target of andrographolide for suppressing MMP-2-mediated cell motility in GBM cells. Therefore, a combination of andrographolide and an ERK inhibitor might be a good strategy for preventing GBM metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Liang Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Hsuan Kuo
- Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ni Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Nuo-Yi Yu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-En Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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22
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Zhang R, Zhao J, Xu J, Jiao DX, Wang J, Gong ZQ, Jia JH. Andrographolide suppresses proliferation of human colon cancer SW620 cells through the TLR4/NF-κB/MMP-9 signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:4305-4310. [PMID: 28943944 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern pharmacological research has revealed that andrographolide has various functions, including anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-viral effects, immunoregulation, treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and prevention and treatment of alcoholic liver injury. The present study investigated whether andrographolide suppresses the proliferation of human colon cancer cell through the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor (NF)-κB/matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) signaling pathway. The MTT assay and lactate dehydrogenase assay were used to evaluate the anticancer effects of andrographolide on cell proliferation and cytotoxicity in human colon cancer SW620 cells. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the anticancer effects of andrographolide on apoptosis by Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide kit. The effects of andrographolide on the activity of caspase-3/9 were measured using ELISA. Western blot analysis was also used to analyze the protein expression of TLR4, myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88), NF-κB-p65 and MMP-9. In the present study, it was found that andrographolide suppressed the cell proliferation, augmented cytotoxicity, evoked cell apoptosis and activated caspase-3/9 activities in human colon cancer SW620 cells. The results revealed that the anti-proliferation effects of andrographolide on the SW620 cells was associated with the inhibition of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB-p65 and MMP-9 signaling activation. The results suggest that andrographolide is a promising drug for treatment of human colon cancer via suppression of the TLR4/NF-κB/MMP-9 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - De-Xin Jiao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Gong
- Department of Radiotherapy, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Hui Jia
- Department of Radiotherapy, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
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23
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Inhibitory effects of andrographolide on activated macrophages and adjuvant-induced arthritis. Inflammopharmacology 2017; 26:447-456. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-017-0375-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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24
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Lim SC, Jeon HJ, Kee KH, Lee MJ, Hong R, Han SI. Andrographolide induces apoptotic and non-apoptotic death and enhances tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-mediated apoptosis in gastric cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2017. [PMID: 28529596 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5923.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Andrographolide, a natural compound isolated from Andrographis paniculata, has been reported to possess antitumor activity. In the present study, the effect of andrographolide in human gastric cancer (GC) cells was investigated. Andrographolide induced cell death with apoptotic and non-apoptotic features. At a low concentration, andrographolide potentiated apoptosis and reduction of clonogenicity triggered by recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (rhTRAIL). Exposure of GC cells to andrographolide altered the expression level of several growth-inhibiting and apoptosis-regulating proteins, including death receptors. It was demonstrated that activity of the TRAIL-R2 (DR5) pathway was critical in the development of andrographolide-mediated rhTRAIL sensitization, since its inhibition significantly reduced the extent of apoptosis induced by the combination of rhTRAIL and andrographolide. In addition, andrographolide increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in a dose-dependent manner. N-acetyl cysteine prevented andrographolide-mediated DR5 induction and the apoptotic effect induced by the combination of rhTRAIL and andrographolide. Collectively, the present study demonstrated that andrographolide enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis through induction of DR5 expression. This effect appears to involve ROS generation in GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Chul Lim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jong Jeon
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Hong Kee
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ja Lee
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Ran Hong
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Iy Han
- Division of Premedical Science, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
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25
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Dai J, Lin Y, Duan Y, Li Z, Zhou D, Chen W, Wang L, Zhang QQ. Andrographolide Inhibits Angiogenesis by Inhibiting the Mir-21-5p/TIMP3 Signaling Pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:660-668. [PMID: 28539838 PMCID: PMC5441182 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.19194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis provides nutrients and oxygen to promote tumor growth and affords a channel that facilitates tumor cell entry into the circulation. Andrographolide (Andro) possess anti-tumor activity; however, its direct effect on angiogenesis still needs to be clarified. In this study, our experiments revealed that Andro significantly inhibited vascular growth in chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and yolk sac membrane (YSM) models. Meanwhile, tumor angiogenesis was also suppressed by Andro. Additionally, we found that cell proliferation, migration and tube formation of vascular endothelial cells was inhibited by Andro treatment in vitro. The effect was primarily mediated through inhibition of miR-21-5p expression and further targeting of TIMP3. This work provides evidence that Andro directly inhibits angiogenesis and might be an effective anti-angiogenic therapeutic drug for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Dai
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Yuyin Lin
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Youfa Duan
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zixuan Li
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dalei Zhou
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wensheng Chen
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Lijing Wang
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qian-Qian Zhang
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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26
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Lim SC, Jeon HJ, Kee KH, Lee MJ, Hong R, Han SI. Andrographolide induces apoptotic and non-apoptotic death and enhances tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-mediated apoptosis in gastric cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:3837-3844. [PMID: 28529596 PMCID: PMC5431559 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Andrographolide, a natural compound isolated from Andrographis paniculata, has been reported to possess antitumor activity. In the present study, the effect of andrographolide in human gastric cancer (GC) cells was investigated. Andrographolide induced cell death with apoptotic and non-apoptotic features. At a low concentration, andrographolide potentiated apoptosis and reduction of clonogenicity triggered by recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (rhTRAIL). Exposure of GC cells to andrographolide altered the expression level of several growth-inhibiting and apoptosis-regulating proteins, including death receptors. It was demonstrated that activity of the TRAIL-R2 (DR5) pathway was critical in the development of andrographolide-mediated rhTRAIL sensitization, since its inhibition significantly reduced the extent of apoptosis induced by the combination of rhTRAIL and andrographolide. In addition, andrographolide increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in a dose-dependent manner. N-acetyl cysteine prevented andrographolide-mediated DR5 induction and the apoptotic effect induced by the combination of rhTRAIL and andrographolide. Collectively, the present study demonstrated that andrographolide enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis through induction of DR5 expression. This effect appears to involve ROS generation in GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Chul Lim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jong Jeon
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Hong Kee
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ja Lee
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Ran Hong
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Iy Han
- Division of Premedical Science, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence to: Professor Song Iy Han, Division of Premedical Science, College of Medicine, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea, E-mail:
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27
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Zheng D, Shao J, Chen W, Luo Y. In vitro Metabolism of Sodium 9-dehydro-17-hydro-andrographolide-19-yl Sulfate in Rat Liver S9 by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Method. Pharmacogn Mag 2016; 12:S102-8. [PMID: 27279693 PMCID: PMC4883065 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.182194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Sodium 9-dehydro-17-hydro-andrographolide-19-yl sulfate (DHAS) is the active ingredient of Xiyanping injection, a traditional Chinese medicine in clinical use. However, there has been no report about the metabolic rate and metabolites of DHAS in vitro. Materials and Methods: In this article, DHAS was incubated with rat liver S9, and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) was used for the metabolism study. The residual concentrations of substrate were determined by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry method for the metabolic rate study of DHAS in liver S9. Metabolites were identified by the (UPLC-TOF-MSE) Ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry method. Results: The calibration curves of DHAS were linear over the concentration range from 0.75 μM to 75.22 μM with correlation coefficients >0.99. The lower limit of quantification was 0.150 μM for DHAS. The determination recoveries of DHAS were in the range of 84.9–90.6%. The t½ and CLint of DHAS in rat liver S9 were 98.6 ± 2.1 min and 3.5 ± 0.1 mL/min/g, respectively. Five metabolites were preliminarily identified based on the high resolution mass spectrum data in comparison with related references. These metabolites were mainly the products of dehydration and hydrogenation of DHAS. Conclusion: The present in vitro metabolic study of DHAS provided valuable information about the metabolic rate and potential metabolites of DHAS, which are important for future in vivo metabolism studies of DHAS and the discovery of more active andrographolide derivatives. SUMMARY In this paper, sodium 9-dehydro-17-hydro-andrographolide-19-yl sulfate (DHAS) metabolism in vitro has been investigated with rat liver S9 using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The result of quantitative analysis showed that DHAS had a long t1/2, which indicated its high metabolic stability. Five metabolites of DHAS were identified in the incubation system based on the high resolution mass spectrum data in comparison with related references, particularly dehydrated and hydrogenated products. The results would provide certain references to screen out more active andrographolide derivative for pre-clinically.
Abbreviations used: MRM: Multiple reaction monitoring, DHAS: Sodium 9-dehydro-17-hydro-andrographolide-19-yl sulfate, IS: Internal standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongkun Zheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, Jiangxi Provincial Research Institute for Drug Control/Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center for Drug and Medical Device Quality, Nanchang, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun Shao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, Jiangxi Provincial Research Institute for Drug Control/Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center for Drug and Medical Device Quality, Nanchang, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Weikang Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, Jiangxi Provincial Research Institute for Drug Control/Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center for Drug and Medical Device Quality, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuehua Luo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, Jiangxi Provincial Research Institute for Drug Control/Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center for Drug and Medical Device Quality, Nanchang, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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28
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The altered microRNA profile in andrographolide-induced inhibition of hepatoma tumor growth. Gene 2016; 588:124-33. [PMID: 27182051 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to play critical roles in regulating gene expression in tumor development. Natural compound andrographolide (Andro), isolated from medicinal herb Andrographis paniculata, was reported to inhibit hepatoma tumor growth in our previous studies. The present study aims to observe the altered miRNAs profile and related signaling pathways involved in Andro-induced inhibition on hepatoma tumor growth. RESULTS The inhibition on hepatoma tumor growth induced by Andro (10mg/kg) was found in a xenograft mouse tumor model in vivo. The results of miRNAs chip analysis showed that the expression of 22 miRNAs was increased, whereas the expression of other 10 miRNAs was decreased after Andro treatment. Further, the increased expression of miR-222-3p, miR-106b-5p, miR-30b-5p, and miR-23a-5p was confirmed in hepatoma Hep3B and SMCC7721 cells in vitro after cells were treated with Andro (50μM) for the indicated time. Functional annotation of the target genes based on the differentially expressed miRNAs demonstrated that the majority of the genes were involved in a variety of signaling pathways, including miRNAs in cancer, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MPAKs), focal adhesion. Furthermore, the expression of 24 target genes (total 31) involved in above signaling pathways based on miRNAs analysis was found to be consistent with the alteration of miRNAs. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that Andro alters the expression of miRNAs profile and downstream signals, which may contribute to its inhibition on hepatoma tumor growth.
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29
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Gao H, Wang J. Andrographolide inhibits multiple myeloma cells by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2015; 13:1827-32. [PMID: 26707811 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Andrographolide is an active component from the extract of Andrographis paniculata [(Burm.f) Nees], a medicinal plant from the Acanthaceae family. Pharmacological studies have revealed that andrographolide possesses anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, immune regulatory and hepatoprotective properties, and is efficacious in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, while exhibiting low toxicity and low cost. The present study aimed to determine the inhibitory effects of andrographolide on the growth of multiple myeloma (MM) cells and its possible impact on the Toll-like receptor (TLR)4/nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway. Cell proliferation was detected using an MTT assay, cellular apoptosis was measured using flow cytometry, and caspase-9/3 activation were assessed using colorimetric assay kits. Furthermore, TLR4 and NF-κB protein expression was determined by western blot analysis. The results revealed that andrographolide reduced the proliferation, while increasing cellular apoptosis and caspase-9/3 activation of MM cells, in addition to downregulating the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB protein. Of note, TLR4- or NF-κB-targeting small-interfering (si)RNA enhanced the andrographolide-induced inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis of MM cells. The results of the present study therefore suggested that andrographolide inhibited multiple myeloma cells via the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gao
- Department of Hematology, Dongying People's Hospital of Shandong, Dongying, Shandong 257091, P.R. China
| | - Jianrong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Dongying People's Hospital of Shandong, Dongying, Shandong 257091, P.R. China
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30
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Wintachai P, Kaur P, Lee RCH, Ramphan S, Kuadkitkan A, Wikan N, Ubol S, Roytrakul S, Chu JJH, Smith DR. Activity of andrographolide against chikungunya virus infection. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14179. [PMID: 26384169 PMCID: PMC4585663 DOI: 10.1038/srep14179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a re-emerging mosquito-borne alphavirus that has recently engendered large epidemics around the world. There is no specific antiviral for treatment of patients infected with CHIKV, and development of compounds with significant anti-CHIKV activity that can be further developed to a practical therapy is urgently required. Andrographolide is derived from Andrographis paniculata, a herb traditionally used to treat a number of conditions including infections. This study sought to determine the potential of andrographolide as an inhibitor of CHIKV infection. Andrographolide showed good inhibition of CHIKV infection and reduced virus production by approximately 3log10 with a 50% effective concentration (EC50) of 77 μM without cytotoxicity. Time-of-addition and RNA transfection studies showed that andrographolide affected CHIKV replication and the activity of andrographolide was shown to be cell type independent. This study suggests that andrographolide has the potential to be developed further as an anti-CHIKV therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Parveen Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Regina Ching Hua Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Suwipa Ramphan
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Atichat Kuadkitkan
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nitwara Wikan
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sukathida Ubol
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Center for Emerging and Neglected Infectious Diseases, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Justin Jang Hann Chu
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Duncan R Smith
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Center for Emerging and Neglected Infectious Diseases, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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31
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Andrographolide suppresses proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via attenuating NF-κB pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:735056. [PMID: 25861643 PMCID: PMC4377360 DOI: 10.1155/2015/735056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Andrographolide (Andro) has been reported to have anticancer activity in multiple types of cancer due to its capacity to inactivate NF-κB pathway. Previous studies showed the therapeutic potential of targeting NF-κB pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, the anticancer activity of Andro in NPC has not been reported. In this study, we defined the anticancer effects of Andro in NPC and elucidated its potential mechanisms of action. Our results showed that Andro significantly inhibited the proliferation and invasion of NPC cells (P < 0.05, resp.). These anticancer activities were associated with cell apoptosis, cell death and induction of cell cycle arrest, and the downregulation of NF-κB target genes. This work provides evidence that NF-κB pathway is a potential therapeutic target and may also be indispensable in the Andro-mediated anticancer activities in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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