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Moccia F, Brunetti V, Soda T, Berra-Romani R, Scarpellino G. Cracking the Endothelial Calcium (Ca 2+) Code: A Matter of Timing and Spacing. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16765. [PMID: 38069089 PMCID: PMC10706333 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A monolayer of endothelial cells lines the innermost surface of all blood vessels, thereby coming into close contact with every region of the body and perceiving signals deriving from both the bloodstream and parenchymal tissues. An increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) is the main mechanism whereby vascular endothelial cells integrate the information conveyed by local and circulating cues. Herein, we describe the dynamics and spatial distribution of endothelial Ca2+ signals to understand how an array of spatially restricted (at both the subcellular and cellular levels) Ca2+ signals is exploited by the vascular intima to fulfill this complex task. We then illustrate how local endothelial Ca2+ signals affect the most appropriate vascular function and are integrated to transmit this information to more distant sites to maintain cardiovascular homeostasis. Vasorelaxation and sprouting angiogenesis were selected as an example of functions that are finely tuned by the variable spatio-temporal profile endothelial Ca2+ signals. We further highlighted how distinct Ca2+ signatures regulate the different phases of vasculogenesis, i.e., proliferation and migration, in circulating endothelial precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Moccia
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (V.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Valentina Brunetti
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (V.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Teresa Soda
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Roberto Berra-Romani
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72410, Mexico;
| | - Giorgia Scarpellino
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (V.B.); (G.S.)
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2
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Matsumoto T, Taguchi K, Kobayashi T. Role of TRPV4 on vascular tone regulation in pathophysiological states. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 959:176104. [PMID: 37802278 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Vascular tone regulation is a key event in controlling blood flow in the body. Endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) help regulate the vascular tone. Abnormal vascular responsiveness to various stimuli, including constrictors and dilators, has been observed in pathophysiological states although EC and VSMC coordinate to maintain the exquisite balance between contraction and relaxation in vasculatures. Thus, investigating the mechanisms underlying vascular tone abnormality is very important in maintaining vascular health and treating vasculopathy. Increased intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) is one of the major triggers initiating each EC and VSMC response. Transient receptor potential vanilloid family member 4 (TRPV4) is a Ca2+-permeable non-selective ion channel, which is activated by several stimuli, and is presented in both ECs and VSMCs. Therefore, TRPV4 plays an important role in vascular responses. Emerging evidence indicates the role of TRPV4 on the functions of ECs and VSMCs in various pathophysiological states, including hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. This review focused on the link between TRPV4 and the functions of ECs/VSMCs, particularly its role in vascular tone and responsiveness to vasoactive substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Matsumoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Pharmaceutical Education and Research Center, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan.
| | - Kumiko Taguchi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Kobayashi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
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3
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Deng F, Zhang H, Zhou W, Ma S, Kang Y, Yang W, Zhao L, Qin W. TRPA1 promotes cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury via regulating the endoplasmic reticulum stress-mitochondrial damage. J Transl Med 2023; 21:695. [PMID: 37798747 PMCID: PMC10557178 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04351-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin is a widely used and effective chemotherapeutic agent against cancer. However, nephrotoxicity is one of the most common side effects of cisplatin, and it can proceed to acute kidney injury (AKI). Studies have reported that activation of transient receptor potential ankyrin-1 (TRPA1) mediates cisplatin-induced renal tubular cytotoxic injury. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of TRPA1 in promoting cisplatin-induced AKI through modulation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-mitochondrial damage. METHODS A cisplatin-induced HK-2 cell model in vitro and mouse model in vivo were established. The mechanism of TRPA1 promotes AKI was elucidated by H&E staining, TUNEL staining, transmission electron microscope (TEM), immunofluorescence, CCK-8 viability assays, flow cytometry, Western blotting, JC-1 assay, and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULT In vivo and in vitro, HC-030031 reduced cisplatin-induced Scr and BUN level elevations; improved cisplatin-induced renal tissue injury, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction; elevated the reduced ERS-associated proteins glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), glucose-regulated protein 75 (GRP75), and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) levels induced by cisplatin; reduced the elevated optic atrophy 1 (OPA1), mito-fusion 1 (MFN1), and mito-fusion 2 (MFN2) protein levels, and elevated phospho-dynamin-related protein 1 (p-DRP1) and mitochondrial fission factor (MFF) protein levels. HC-030031 also reduced the mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM) structure. In addition, TRPA1 agonists also decreased cell proliferation, increased apoptosis, and triggered mitochondrial dysfunction and calcium overload in HK-2 cells via modulation of MAM. ERS inhibitors and GRP75 inhibitors reversed these changes caused by TRPA1 agonists. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that TRPA1 enhances cisplatin-induced AKI via modulation of ERS and mitochondrial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Deng
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610044, China
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital Jinniu Hospital, Chengdu Jinniu District People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shijie Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuwei Kang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Liangbin Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 39 Shierqiao Road, Jinniu District, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610044, China.
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4
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Negri S, Sanford M, Shi H, Tarantini S. The role of endothelial TRP channels in age-related vascular cognitive impairment and dementia. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1149820. [PMID: 37020858 PMCID: PMC10067599 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1149820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) proteins are part of a superfamily of polymodal cation channels that can be activated by mechanical, physical, and chemical stimuli. In the vascular endothelium, TRP channels regulate two fundamental parameters: the membrane potential and the intracellular Ca2+ concentration [(Ca2+)i]. TRP channels are widely expressed in the cerebrovascular endothelium, and are emerging as important mediators of several brain microvascular functions (e.g., neurovascular coupling, endothelial function, and blood-brain barrier permeability), which become impaired with aging. Aging is the most significant risk factor for vascular cognitive impairment (VCI), and the number of individuals affected by VCI is expected to exponentially increase in the coming decades. Yet, there are currently no preventative or therapeutic treatments available against the development and progression of VCI. In this review, we discuss the involvement of endothelial TRP channels in diverse physiological processes in the brain as well as in the pathogenesis of age-related VCI to explore future potential neuroprotective strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Negri
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging/Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Madison Sanford
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging/Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Helen Shi
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging/Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging/Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- *Correspondence: Stefano Tarantini,
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5
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Yao K, Dou B, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Li Y, Fan Z, Ma Y, Du S, Wang J, Xu Z, Liu Y, Lin X, Wang S, Guo Y. Inflammation-the role of TRPA1 channel. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1093925. [PMID: 36875034 PMCID: PMC9977828 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1093925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, increasing numbers of studies have demonstrated that transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) can be used as a potential target for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. TRPA1 is expressed in both neuronal and non-neuronal cells and is involved in diverse physiological activities, such as stabilizing of cell membrane potential, maintaining cellular humoral balance, and regulating intercellular signal transduction. TRPA1 is a multi-modal cell membrane receptor that can sense different stimuli, and generate action potential signals after activation via osmotic pressure, temperature, and inflammatory factors. In this study, we introduced the latest research progress on TRPA1 in inflammatory diseases from three different aspects. First, the inflammatory factors released after inflammation interacts with TRPA1 to promote inflammatory response; second, TRPA1 regulates the function of immune cells such as macrophages and T cells, In addition, it has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in some inflammatory diseases. Third, we have summarized the application of antagonists and agonists targeting TRPA1 in the treatment of some inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaifang Yao
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Baomin Dou
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhihan Chen
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanwei Li
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zezhi Fan
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yajing Ma
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Simin Du
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiangshan Wang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhifang Xu
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,School of Acupuncture & Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,School of Acupuncture & Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaowei Lin
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,School of Acupuncture & Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Shenjun Wang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,School of Acupuncture & Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.,School of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Lipid mediators generated by the cytochrome P450—Epoxide hydrolase pathway. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 97:327-373. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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7
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Ek-Vitorin JF, Shahidullah M, Lopez Rosales JE, Delamere NA. Patch clamp studies on TRPV4-dependent hemichannel activation in lens epithelium. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1101498. [PMID: 36909173 PMCID: PMC9998544 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1101498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
ATP release from the lens via hemichannels has been explained as a response to TRPV4 activation when the lens is subjected to osmotic swelling. To explore the apparent linkage between TRPV4 activation and connexin hemichannel opening we performed patch-clamp recordings on cultured mouse lens epithelial cells exposed to the TRPV4 agonist GSK1016790A (GSK) in the presence or absence of the TRPV4 antagonist HC067047 (HC). GSK was found to cause a fast, variable and generally large non-selective increase of whole cell membrane conductance evident as a larger membrane current (Im) over a wide voltage range. The response was prevented by HC. The GSK-induced Im increase was proportionally larger at negative voltages and coincided with fast depolarization and the simultaneous disappearance of an outward current, likely a K+ current. The presence of this outward current in control conditions appeared to be a reliable predictor of a cell's response to GSK treatment. In some studies, recordings were obtained from single cells by combining cell-attached and whole-cell patch clamp configurations. This approach revealed events with a channel conductance 180-270 pS following GSK application through the patch pipette on the cell-attached side. The findings are consistent with TRPV4-dependent opening of Cx43 hemichannels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose F Ek-Vitorin
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Mohammad Shahidullah
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | | | - Nicholas A Delamere
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
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8
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de Melo IB, Oliveira-Paula GH, Ferezin LP, Ferreira GC, Pinheiro LC, Tanus-Santos JE, Garcia LV, Lacchini R, Paula-Garcia WN. TRPA1 Polymorphisms Modify the Hypotensive Responses to Propofol with No Change in Nitrite or Nitrate Levels. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:6333-6345. [PMID: 36547093 PMCID: PMC9777046 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44120432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Anesthesia with propofol is frequently associated with hypotension. The TRPA1 gene contributes to the vasodilator effect of propofol. Hypotension is crucial for anesthesiologists because it is deleterious in the perioperative period. We tested whether the TRPA1 gene polymorphisms or haplotypes interfere with the hypotensive responses to propofol. PCR-determined genotypes and haplotype frequencies were estimated. Nitrite, nitrates, and NOx levels were measured. Propofol induced a more expressive lowering of the blood pressure (BP) without changing nitrite or nitrate levels in patients carrying CG+GG genotypes for the rs16937976 TRPA1 polymorphism and AG+AA genotypes for the rs13218757 TRPA1 polymorphism. The CGA haplotype presented the most remarkable drop in BP. Heart rate values were not impacted. The present exploratory analysis suggests that TRPA1 genotypes and haplotypes influence the hypotensive responses to propofol. The mechanisms involved are probably other than those related to NO bioavailability. With better genetic knowledge, planning anesthesia with fewer side effects may be possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Borges de Melo
- Department of Orthopedics and Anesthesiology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14048900, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo H. Oliveira-Paula
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14048900, SP, Brazil
| | - Letícia Perticarrara Ferezin
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences, Ribeirao Preto College of Nursing, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14048900, SP, Brazil
| | - Graziele C. Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14048900, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas C. Pinheiro
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14048900, SP, Brazil
| | - Jose E. Tanus-Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14048900, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis V. Garcia
- Department of Orthopedics and Anesthesiology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14048900, SP, Brazil
| | - Riccardo Lacchini
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences, Ribeirao Preto College of Nursing, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14048900, SP, Brazil
| | - Waynice N. Paula-Garcia
- Department of Orthopedics and Anesthesiology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14048900, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-16-3602-2814
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9
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Lansdell TA, Chambers LC, Dorrance AM. Endothelial Cells and the Cerebral Circulation. Compr Physiol 2022; 12:3449-3508. [PMID: 35766836 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c210015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells form the innermost layer of all blood vessels and are the only vascular component that remains throughout all vascular segments. The cerebral vasculature has several unique properties not found in the peripheral circulation; this requires that the cerebral endothelium be considered as a unique entity. Cerebral endothelial cells perform several functions vital for brain health. The cerebral vasculature is responsible for protecting the brain from external threats carried in the blood. The endothelial cells are central to this requirement as they form the basis of the blood-brain barrier. The endothelium also regulates fibrinolysis, thrombosis, platelet activation, vascular permeability, metabolism, catabolism, inflammation, and white cell trafficking. Endothelial cells regulate the changes in vascular structure caused by angiogenesis and artery remodeling. Further, the endothelium contributes to vascular tone, allowing proper perfusion of the brain which has high energy demands and no energy stores. In this article, we discuss the basic anatomy and physiology of the cerebral endothelium. Where appropriate, we discuss the detrimental effects of high blood pressure on the cerebral endothelium and the contribution of cerebrovascular disease endothelial dysfunction and dementia. © 2022 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 12:3449-3508, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa A Lansdell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Laura C Chambers
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Anne M Dorrance
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
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Landini L, Souza Monteiro de Araujo D, Titiz M, Geppetti P, Nassini R, De Logu F. TRPA1 Role in Inflammatory Disorders: What Is Known So Far? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094529. [PMID: 35562920 PMCID: PMC9101260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), a member of the TRP superfamily of channels, is primarily localized in a subpopulation of primary sensory neurons of the trigeminal, vagal, and dorsal root ganglia, where its activation mediates neurogenic inflammatory responses. TRPA1 expression in resident tissue cells, inflammatory, and immune cells, through the indirect modulation of a large series of intracellular pathways, orchestrates a range of cellular processes, such as cytokine production, cell differentiation, and cytotoxicity. Therefore, the TRPA1 pathway has been proposed as a protective mechanism to detect and respond to harmful agents in various pathological conditions, including several inflammatory diseases. Specific attention has been paid to TRPA1 contribution to the transition of inflammation and immune responses from an early defensive response to a chronic pathological condition. In this view, TRPA1 antagonists may be regarded as beneficial tools for the treatment of inflammatory conditions.
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11
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Jackson WF. Endothelial Ion Channels and Cell-Cell Communication in the Microcirculation. Front Physiol 2022; 13:805149. [PMID: 35211031 PMCID: PMC8861442 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.805149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells in resistance arteries, arterioles, and capillaries express a diverse array of ion channels that contribute to Cell-Cell communication in the microcirculation. Endothelial cells are tightly electrically coupled to their neighboring endothelial cells by gap junctions allowing ion channel-induced changes in membrane potential to be conducted for considerable distances along the endothelial cell tube that lines arterioles and forms capillaries. In addition, endothelial cells may be electrically coupled to overlying smooth muscle cells in arterioles and to pericytes in capillaries via heterocellular gap junctions allowing electrical signals generated by endothelial cell ion channels to be transmitted to overlying mural cells to affect smooth muscle or pericyte contractile activity. Arteriolar endothelial cells express inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) and transient receptor vanilloid family member 4 (TRPV4) channels that contribute to agonist-induced endothelial Ca2+ signals. These Ca2+ signals then activate intermediate and small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (IKCa and SKCa) channels causing vasodilator-induced endothelial hyperpolarization. This hyperpolarization can be conducted along the endothelium via homocellular gap junctions and transmitted to overlying smooth muscle cells through heterocellular gap junctions to control the activity of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and smooth muscle or pericyte contraction. The IKCa- and SKCa-induced hyperpolarization may be amplified by activation of inward rectifier K+ (KIR) channels. Endothelial cell IP3R- and TRPV4-mediated Ca2+ signals also control the production of endothelial cell vasodilator autacoids, such as NO, PGI2, and epoxides of arachidonic acid contributing to control of overlying vascular smooth muscle contractile activity. Cerebral capillary endothelial cells lack IKCa and SKCa but express KIR channels, IP3R, TRPV4, and other Ca2+ permeable channels allowing capillary-to-arteriole signaling via hyperpolarization and Ca2+. This allows parenchymal cell signals to be detected in capillaries and signaled to upstream arterioles to control blood flow to capillaries by active parenchymal cells. Thus, endothelial cell ion channels importantly participate in several forms of Cell-Cell communication in the microcirculation that contribute to microcirculatory function and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- William F Jackson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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12
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TRPV4-dependent signaling mechanisms in systemic and pulmonary vasculature. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2022; 89:1-41. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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De Silva TM, Sobey CG. Cerebral Vascular Biology in Health and Disease. Stroke 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-69424-7.00001-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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Kuo YM, Lee YH. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids and soluble epoxide hydrolase in physiology and diseases of the central nervous system. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2022; 65:1-11. [PMID: 35229747 DOI: 10.4103/cjp.cjp_80_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are fatty acid signaling molecules synthesized by cytochrome P450 epoxygenases from arachidonic acid. The biological activity of EETs is terminated when being metabolized by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), a process that serves as a key regulator of tissue EETs levels. EETs act through several signaling pathways to mediate various beneficial effects, including anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, and anti-oxidation with relieve of endoplasmic reticulum stress, thereby sEH has become a potential therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease and cancer therapy. Enzymes for EET biosynthesis and metabolism are both widely detected in both neuron and glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS). Recent studies discovered that astrocyte-derived EETs not only mediate neurovascular coupling and neuronal excitability by maintaining glutamate homeostasis but also glia-dependent neuroprotection. Genetic ablation as well as pharmacologic inhibition of sEH has greatly helped to elucidate the physiologic actions of EETs, and maintaining or elevating brain EETs level has been demonstrated beneficial effects in CNS disease models. Here, we review the literature regarding the studies on the bioactivity of EETs and their metabolic enzyme sEH with special attention paid to their action mechanisms in the CNS, including their modulation of neuronal activity, attenuation of neuroinflammation, regulation of cerebral blood flow, and improvement of neuronal and glial cells survival. We further reviewed the recent advance on the potential application of sEH inhibition for treating cerebrovascular disease, epilepsy, and pain disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Min Kuo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Lee
- Department and Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University; Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Shuvaeva VN, Gorshkova OP. Age-Related Changes in the Contribution of Nitric Oxide and Potassium Channels to Dilation of Rat Pial Arteries. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093021060193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Mao A, Zhang P, Zhang K, Kan H, He D, Han X, Wang Z, Tang C, Ma X. Endothelial TRPV4-eNOS coupling as a vital therapy target for treatment of hypertension. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:2297-2312. [PMID: 34822720 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Reduced nitric oxide (NO) level and activity are signs of endothelial dysfunction, which is important in mediating blood pressure up-regulation. Previously, we demonstrated that transient receptor potential channel V4 (TRPV4) could form functional complex with other proteins to mediate vasodilation in the Endothelial cells (ECs). But how TRPV4 interacts with the NO pathway in larger arteries requires further exploration. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We used single-cell RNA-sequencing to find the CD106+ TRPV4high NOS3high ECs. The TRPV4-eNOS interaction was verified by co-immunoprecipitation and Immunofluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), and their binding site was found by site-directed mutagenesis. Endothelium-specific TRPV4 knockout (TRPV4EC -/- ) mice were used to study the effect of the TRPV4-eNOS interaction on blood pressure. A small molecule, JNc-463 was designed through molecular docking technology. KEY RESULTS We uncovered CD106+ TRPV4high NOS3high ECs in the mouse aorta, which they could regulate vasodilation via a TRPV4-eNOS interaction, and they were essential to regulate blood pressure. The TRPV4-eNOS interaction markedly decreased during the process of hypertension. We further attempted to identify the molecules re-join the TRPV4-eNOS interaction and develop a small-molecule drug, JNc-463, which could increase the TRPV4-eNOS interaction to enhance vasodilation, and exert antihypertensive effects in mice. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS This is the first study integrating single-cell RNA-Seq, single-cell functional study and drug screening in aorta. We identified a subpopulation of CD106+ TRPV4high NOS3high ECs, in which an impaired TRPV4-eNOS interaction was important in the progress of hypertension and we designed a small molecule, JNc-463 to improve the impaired TRPV4-eNOS interaction in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiqin Mao
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ka Zhang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hao Kan
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Dongxu He
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiping Han
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chunlei Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xin Ma
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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17
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Chen M, Li X. Role of TRPV4 channel in vasodilation and neovascularization. Microcirculation 2021; 28:e12703. [PMID: 33971061 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4) channel, a Ca2+ -permeable nonselective cation channel, is widely distributed in the circulatory system, particularly in vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs). The TRPV4 channel is activated by various endogenous and exogenous stimuli, including shear stress, low intravascular pressure, and arachidonic acid. TRPV4 has a role in mediating vascular tone and arterial blood pressure. The activation of the TRPV4 channel induces Ca2+ influx, thereby resulting in endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization and SMC relaxation through SKCa and IKCa activation on ECs or through BKCa activation on SMCs. Ca2+ binds to calmodulin, which leads to the production of nitric oxide, causing vasodilation. Furthermore, the TRPV4 channel plays an important role in angiogenesis and arteriogenesis and is critical for tumor angiogenesis and growth, since it promotes or inhibits the development of various types of cancer. The TRPV4 channel is involved in the active growth of collateral arteries induced by flow shear stress, which makes it a promising therapeutic target in the occlusion or stenosis of the main arteries. In this review, we explore the role and the potential mechanism of action of the TRPV4 channel in the regulation of vascular tone and in the induction of neovascularization to provide a reference for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Chen
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiucun Li
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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18
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Ottolini M, Sonkusare SK. The Calcium Signaling Mechanisms in Arterial Smooth Muscle and Endothelial Cells. Compr Physiol 2021; 11:1831-1869. [PMID: 33792900 PMCID: PMC10388069 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c200030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The contractile state of resistance arteries and arterioles is a crucial determinant of blood pressure and blood flow. Physiological regulation of arterial contractility requires constant communication between endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Various Ca2+ signals and Ca2+ -sensitive targets ensure dynamic control of intercellular communications in the vascular wall. The functional effect of a Ca2+ signal on arterial contractility depends on the type of Ca2+ -sensitive target engaged by that signal. Recent studies using advanced imaging methods have identified the spatiotemporal signatures of individual Ca2+ signals that control arterial and arteriolar contractility. Broadly speaking, intracellular Ca2+ is increased by ion channels and transporters on the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticular membrane. Physiological roles for many vascular Ca2+ signals have already been confirmed, while further investigation is needed for other Ca2+ signals. This article focuses on endothelial and smooth muscle Ca2+ signaling mechanisms in resistance arteries and arterioles. We discuss the Ca2+ entry pathways at the plasma membrane, Ca2+ release signals from the intracellular stores, the functional and physiological relevance of Ca2+ signals, and their regulatory mechanisms. Finally, we describe the contribution of abnormal endothelial and smooth muscle Ca2+ signals to the pathogenesis of vascular disorders. © 2021 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 11:1831-1869, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ottolini
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Swapnil K Sonkusare
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology & Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.,Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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Zhou L, Xu W, An D, Sha S, Men C, Li Y, Wang X, Du Y, Chen L. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 activation inhibits the delayed rectifier potassium channels in hippocampal pyramidal neurons: An implication in pathological changes following pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus. J Neurosci Res 2020; 99:914-926. [PMID: 33393091 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) can increase hippocampal neuronal excitability. TRPV4 has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Voltage-gated potassium channels (VGPCs) play an important role in regulating neuronal excitability and abnormal VGPCs expression or function is related to epilepsy. Here, we examined the effect of TRPV4 activation on the delayed rectifier potassium current (IK ) in hippocampal pyramidal neurons and on the Kv subunits expression in male mice. We also explored the role of TRPV4 in changes in Kv subunits expression in male mice following pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (PISE). Application of TRPV4 agonists, GSK1016790A and 5,6-EET, markedly reduced IK in hippocampal pyramidal neurons and shifted the voltage-dependent inactivation curve to the hyperpolarizing direction. GSK1016790A- and 5,6-EET-induced inhibition of IK was blocked by TRPV4 specific antagonists, HC-067047 and RN1734. GSK1016790A-induced inhibition of IK was markedly attenuated by calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) antagonist. Application of GSK1016790A for up to 1 hr did not change the hippocampal protein levels of Kv1.1, Kv1.2, or Kv2.1. Intracerebroventricular injection of GSK1016790A for 3 d reduced the hippocampal protein levels of Kv1.2 and Kv2.1, leaving that of Kv1.1 unchanged. Kv1.2 and Kv2.1 protein levels as well as IK reduced markedly in hippocampi on day 3 post PISE, which was significantly reversed by HC-067047. We conclude that activation of TRPV4 inhibits IK in hippocampal pyramidal neurons, possibly by activating CaMKII. TRPV4-induced decrease in Kv1.2 and Kv2.1 expression and IK may be involved in the pathological changes following PISE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Weixing Xu
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Dong An
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Sha Sha
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Chen Men
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yingchun Li
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yimei Du
- Research Center of Ion Channelopathy, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China.,Neuroprotective Drug Discovery Key Laboratory of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
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20
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Sarparast M, Dattmore D, Alan J, Lee KSS. Cytochrome P450 Metabolism of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Neurodegeneration. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3523. [PMID: 33207662 PMCID: PMC7696575 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the aging population in the world, neurodegenerative diseases have become a serious public health issue that greatly impacts patients' quality of life and adds a huge economic burden. Even after decades of research, there is no effective curative treatment for neurodegenerative diseases. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have become an emerging dietary medical intervention for health maintenance and treatment of diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases. Recent research demonstrated that the oxidized metabolites, particularly the cytochrome P450 (CYP) metabolites, of PUFAs are beneficial to several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease; however, their mechanism(s) remains unclear. The endogenous levels of CYP metabolites are greatly affected by our diet, endogenous synthesis, and the downstream metabolism. While the activity of omega-3 (ω-3) CYP PUFA metabolites and omega-6 (ω-6) CYP PUFA metabolites largely overlap, the ω-3 CYP PUFA metabolites are more active in general. In this review, we will briefly summarize recent findings regarding the biosynthesis and metabolism of CYP PUFA metabolites. We will also discuss the potential mechanism(s) of CYP PUFA metabolites in neurodegeneration, which will ultimately improve our understanding of how PUFAs affect neurodegeneration and may identify potential drug targets for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Sarparast
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
| | - Devon Dattmore
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
| | - Jamie Alan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
| | - Kin Sing Stephen Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
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21
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Hansted AK, Jensen LJ, Olesen J, Jansen-Olesen I. Localization of TRPA1 channels and characterization of TRPA1 mediated responses in dural and pial arteries in vivo after intracarotid infusion of Na 2S. Cephalalgia 2020; 40:1310-1320. [PMID: 32611244 DOI: 10.1177/0333102420937724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel might play a role in migraine. However, different mechanisms for this have been suggested. The purpose of our study was to investigate the localization and significance of TRPA1 channels in rat pial and dural arteries. METHODS Immunofluorescence microscopy was used to localize TRPA1 channels in dural arteries, pial arteries, dura mater and trigeminal ganglion. The genuine closed cranial window model was used to examine the effect of Na2S, a donor of the TRPA1 channel opener H2S, on the diameter of pial and dural arteries. Further, we performed blocking experiments with TRPA1 antagonist HC-030031, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonist olcegepant and KCa3.1 channel blocker TRAM-34. RESULTS TRPA1 channels were localized to the endothelium of both dural and pial arteries and in nerve fibers in dura mater. Further, we found TRPA1 expression in the membrane of trigeminal ganglia neuronal cells, some of them also staining for CGRP. Na2S caused dilation of both dural and pial arteries. In dural arteries, this was inhibited by HC-030031 and olcegepant. In pial arteries, the dilation was inhibited by TRAM-34, suggesting involvement of the KCa3.1 channel. CONCLUSION Na2S causes a TRPA1- and CGRP-dependent dilation of dural arteries and a KCa3.1 channel-dependent dilation of pial arteries in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Koldbro Hansted
- Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark.,Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Lars Jørn Jensen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Jes Olesen
- Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Inger Jansen-Olesen
- Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
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22
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Moccia F, Negri S, Faris P, Berra-Romani R. Targeting the Endothelial Ca2+ Toolkit to Rescue Endothelial Dysfunction in Obesity Associated-Hypertension. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:240-257. [PMID: 31486745 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190905142135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a major cardiovascular risk factor which dramatically impairs endothelium- dependent vasodilation and leads to hypertension and vascular damage. The impairment of the vasomotor response to extracellular autacoids, e.g., acetylcholine, mainly depends on the reduced Nitric Oxide (NO) bioavailability, which hampers vasorelaxation in large conduit arteries. In addition, obesity may affect Endothelium-Dependent Hyperpolarization (EDH), which drives vasorelaxation in small resistance arteries and arterioles. Of note, endothelial Ca2+ signals drive NO release and trigger EDH. METHODS A structured search of bibliographic databases was carried out to retrieve the most influential, recent articles on the impairment of vasorelaxation in animal models of obesity, including obese Zucker rats, and on the remodeling of the endothelial Ca2+ toolkit under conditions that mimic obesity. Furthermore, we searched for articles discussing how dietary manipulation could be exploited to rescue Ca2+-dependent vasodilation. RESULTS We found evidence that the endothelial Ca2+ could be severely affected by obese vessels. This rearrangement could contribute to endothelial damage and is likely to be involved in the disruption of vasorelaxant mechanisms. However, several Ca2+-permeable channels, including Vanilloid Transient Receptor Potential (TRPV) 1, 3 and 4 could be stimulated by several food components to stimulate vasorelaxation in obese individuals. CONCLUSION The endothelial Ca2+ toolkit could be targeted to reduce vascular damage and rescue endothelium- dependent vasodilation in obese vessels. This hypothesis remains, however, to be probed on truly obese endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Moccia
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sharon Negri
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Pawan Faris
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberto Berra-Romani
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
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Cytochrome P450 Epoxygenase-Dependent Activation of TRPV4 Channel Participates in Enhanced Serotonin-Induced Pulmonary Vasoconstriction in Chronic Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2020; 2020:8927381. [PMID: 32399392 PMCID: PMC7204149 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8927381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a multi-functional non-selective channel expressed in pulmonary vasculatures. TRPV4 contributes to serotonin- (5-HT-) induced pulmonary vasoconstriction and is responsible in part for the enhanced 5-HT response in pulmonary arteries (PAs) of chronic hypoxia mice. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) is an endogenous agonist of TRPV4 and is known to regulate vasoreactivity. The levels of EETs, the expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP) epoxygenase for EET production, and epoxide hydrolase for EET degradation are altered by chronic hypoxia. Here, we examined the role of EET-dependent TRPV4 activation in the 5-HT-mediated PA contraction. In PAs of normoxic mice, inhibition of TRPV4 with a specific inhibitor HC-067047 caused a decrease in the sensitivity of 5-HT-induced PA contraction without affecting the maximal contractile response. Application of the cytochrome P450 epoxygenase inhibitor MS-PPOH had no effect on the vasoreactivity to 5-HT. In contrast, inhibition of CYP epoxygenase or TRPV4 both attenuated the 5-HT-elicited maximal contraction to a comparable level in PAs of chronic hypoxic mice. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of MS-PPOH on the 5-HT-induced contraction was obliterated in PAs of chronic hypoxic trpv4−/− mice. These results suggest that TRPV4 contributes to the enhanced 5-HT-induced vasoconstriction in chronic hypoxic PAs, in part via the CYP-EET-TRPV4 pathway. Our results further support the notion that manipulation of TRPV4 function may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of hypoxia-related pulmonary hypertension.
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Knock GA. NADPH oxidase in the vasculature: Expression, regulation and signalling pathways; role in normal cardiovascular physiology and its dysregulation in hypertension. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 145:385-427. [PMID: 31585207 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The last 20-25 years have seen an explosion of interest in the role of NADPH oxidase (NOX) in cardiovascular function and disease. In vascular smooth muscle and endothelium, NOX generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) that act as second messengers, contributing to the control of normal vascular function. NOX activity is altered in response to a variety of stimuli, including G-protein coupled receptor agonists, growth-factors, perfusion pressure, flow and hypoxia. NOX-derived ROS are involved in smooth muscle constriction, endothelium-dependent relaxation and smooth muscle growth, proliferation and migration, thus contributing to the fine-tuning of blood flow, arterial wall thickness and vascular resistance. Through reversible oxidative modification of target proteins, ROS regulate the activity of protein tyrosine phosphatases, kinases, G proteins, ion channels, cytoskeletal proteins and transcription factors. There is now considerable, but somewhat contradictory evidence that NOX contributes to the pathogenesis of hypertension through oxidative stress. Specific NOX isoforms have been implicated in endothelial dysfunction, hyper-contractility and vascular remodelling in various animal models of hypertension, pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary arterial hypertension, but also have potential protective effects, particularly NOX4. This review explores the multiplicity of NOX function in the healthy vasculature and the evidence for and against targeting NOX for antihypertensive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg A Knock
- Dpt. of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, UK.
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25
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Effect of TRPA1 activator allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) on rat dural and pial arteries. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:565-572. [PMID: 31132686 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channels may have a role in migraine as some substances known to cause headache activate the channel. In the craniovascular system such activation causes a calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-dependent increase in meningeal blood flow. TRPA1 channels in the endothelium of cerebral arteries cause vasodilation when activated. The headache preventive substance feverfew inhibits activation of TRPA1 channels. In this study we aim to compare and characterize the effect of the TRPA1 agonist allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) on the diameter of rat dural and pial arteries in vivo. METHODS The genuine closed-cranial window technique in rats was used to examine changes in dural and pial artery diameter and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) after intracarotid infusion of AITC. Blockade experiments were performed by intravenous infusion of olcegepant, HC-030031, sumatriptan or capsazepine immediately after infusion of AITC, in four different groups of rats. RESULTS AITC caused a significant dilation of dural arteries, which was inhibited by HC-030031, olcegepant and sumatriptan, but not by capsazepine. In pial arteries AITC caused a significant dilation, which was not inhibited by any of the pre-treatments, suggesting a poor penetration of the blood-brain barrier or autoregulation due to dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) mediated decrease in MABP during HC-030031 infusion. AITC did not cause a significant change in MABP. CONCLUSION AITC causes dilation of dural arteries via a mechanism dependent on CGRP and TRPA1 that is sensitive to sumatriptan. AITC causes a small but significant dilation of pial arteries.
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Rosenblum WI. Endothelium-dependent responses in the microcirculation observed in vivo. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018; 224:e13111. [PMID: 29873936 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Endothelium-dependent responses were first demonstrated 40 years ago in the aorta. Since then, extensive research has been conducted in vitro using conductance vessels and materials derived from them. However, the microcirculation controls blood flow to vital organs and has been the focus of in vivo studies of endothelium-dependent dilation beginning immediately after the first in vitro report. Initial in vivo studies employed a light/dye technique for selectively damaging the endothelium to unequivocally prove, in vivo, the existence of endothelium-dependent dilation and in the microvasculature. Endothelium-dependent constriction was similarly proven. Endothelium-dependent agonists include acetylcholine (ACh), bradykinin, arachidonic acid, calcium ionophore A-23187, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), serotonin, histamine and endothelin-1. Normal and disease states have been studied. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase and cytochrome P450 have been shown to generate the mediators of the responses. Some of the key enzyme systems generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) like superoxide which may prevent EDR. However, one ROS, namely H2 O2 , is one of a number of hyperpolarizing factors that cause dilation initiated by endothelium. Depending upon microvascular bed, a single agonist may use different pathways to elicit an endothelium-dependent response. Interpretation of studies using inhibitors of eNOS is complicated by the fact that these inhibitors may also inhibit ATP-sensitive potassium channels. Other in vivo observations of brain arterioles failed to establish nitric oxide as the mediator of responses elicited by CGRP or by ACh and suggest that a nitrosothiol may be a better fit for the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. I. Rosenblum
- Department of Pathology; Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai NYC; New York NY USA
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27
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Neuroprotective effects of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2018; 138:9-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Feetham CH, O'Brien F, Barrett-Jolley R. Ion Channels in the Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus (PVN); Emerging Diversity and Functional Roles. Front Physiol 2018; 9:760. [PMID: 30034342 PMCID: PMC6043726 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) is critical for the regulation of homeostatic function. Although also important for endocrine regulation, it has been referred to as the "autonomic master controller." The emerging consensus is that the PVN is a multifunctional nucleus, with autonomic roles including (but not limited to) coordination of cardiovascular, thermoregulatory, metabolic, circadian and stress responses. However, the cellular mechanisms underlying these multifunctional roles remain poorly understood. Neurones from the PVN project to and can alter the function of sympathetic control regions in the medulla and spinal cord. Dysfunction of sympathetic pre-autonomic neurones (typically hyperactivity) is linked to several diseases including hypertension and heart failure and targeting this region with specific pharmacological or biological agents is a promising area of medical research. However, to facilitate future medical exploitation of the PVN, more detailed models of its neuronal control are required; populated by a greater compliment of constituent ion channels. Whilst the cytoarchitecture, projections and neurotransmitters present in the PVN are reasonably well documented, there have been fewer studies on the expression and interplay of ion channels. In this review we bring together an up to date analysis of PVN ion channel studies and discuss how these channels may interact to control, in particular, the activity of the sympathetic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire H Feetham
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona O'Brien
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Barrett-Jolley
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Guerra G, Lucariello A, Perna A, Botta L, De Luca A, Moccia F. The Role of Endothelial Ca 2+ Signaling in Neurovascular Coupling: A View from the Lumen. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E938. [PMID: 29561829 PMCID: PMC5979341 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19040938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurovascular coupling (NVC) is the mechanism whereby an increase in neuronal activity (NA) leads to local elevation in cerebral blood flow (CBF) to match the metabolic requirements of firing neurons. Following synaptic activity, an increase in neuronal and/or astrocyte Ca2+ concentration leads to the synthesis of multiple vasoactive messengers. Curiously, the role of endothelial Ca2+ signaling in NVC has been rather neglected, although endothelial cells are known to control the vascular tone in a Ca2+-dependent manner throughout peripheral vasculature. METHODS We analyzed the literature in search of the most recent updates on the potential role of endothelial Ca2+ signaling in NVC. RESULTS We found that several neurotransmitters (i.e., glutamate and acetylcholine) and neuromodulators (e.g., ATP) can induce dilation of cerebral vessels by inducing an increase in endothelial Ca2+ concentration. This, in turn, results in nitric oxide or prostaglandin E2 release or activate intermediate and small-conductance Ca2+-activated K⁺ channels, which are responsible for endothelial-dependent hyperpolarization (EDH). In addition, brain endothelial cells express multiple transient receptor potential (TRP) channels (i.e., TRPC3, TRPV3, TRPV4, TRPA1), which induce vasodilation by activating EDH. CONCLUSIONS It is possible to conclude that endothelial Ca2+ signaling is an emerging pathway in the control of NVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, via F. De Santis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Department of Mental Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", 81100 Naples, Italy.
| | - Angelica Perna
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, via F. De Santis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
| | - Laura Botta
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, via Forlanini 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Mental Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", 81100 Naples, Italy.
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, via Forlanini 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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Multiple Actions of Phencyclidine and (+)MK-801 on Isolated Bovine Cerebral Arteries. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2017; 30:359-367. [PMID: 29076977 DOI: 10.1097/ana.0000000000000463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the direct effects of 3 noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists, phencyclidine (PCP), (+)MK-801, and (-)MK-801, on bovine middle cerebral arteries (BMCA). Rings of BMCA were mounted in isolated tissue chambers equipped with isometric tension transducers to obtain pharmacologic dose-response curves. In the absence of endogenous vasoconstrictors, the 3 N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists each produced direct constriction of BMCA. The thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist SQ-29,548, the TxA2 synthase inhibitor furegrelate, the calcium antagonist nimodipine, and calcium-deficient media all inhibited maximal phencyclidine or (+)MK-801-induced constriction. Direct constriction by PCP or (+)MK-801 was independent of the presence of endothelium. When BMCA were preconstricted with potassium-depolarizing solution, PCP, (+)MK-801, and (-)MK-801 each produced only concentration-dependent relaxation. When BMCA were preconstricted with the stable TxA2 analog U-46,619 and exposed to increasing concentrations of PCP, (+)MK-801, or (-)MK-801, tension increased. Thromboxane A2 may contract BMCA by acting as a potassium channel blocker; iberiotoxin and tetraethylammonium both constrict BMCA. In Ca-deficient media containing either potassium or U-46,619, phencyclidine and (+)MK-801 each produced competitive inhibition of subsequent Ca-induced constriction. In additional experiments, arterial strips were mounted in isolated tissue chambers to directly measure calcium uptake, using Calcium as a radioactive tracer. Both phencyclidine and (+)MK-801 blocked potassium-stimulated or U-46,619-stimulated Ca uptake into arterial strips. These results suggest that phencyclidine and (+)MK-801 have 2 separate actions on BMCA. They may constrict arterial rings by releasing TxA2 from cerebrovascular smooth muscle, and relax arterial rings by acting as calcium antagonists.
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Matin N, Fisher C, Jackson WF, Diaz-Otero JM, Dorrance AM. Carotid artery stenosis in hypertensive rats impairs dilatory pathways in parenchymal arterioles. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017; 314:H122-H130. [PMID: 28842441 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00638.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a leading risk factor for vascular cognitive impairment and is strongly associated with carotid artery stenosis. In normotensive rats, chronic cerebral hypoperfusion induced by bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) leads to cognitive impairment that is associated with impaired endothelium-dependent dilation in parenchymal arterioles (PAs). The aim of this study was to assess the effects of BCAS on PA function and structure in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats, a model of human essential hypertension. Understanding the effects of hypoperfusion on PAs in a hypertensive model could lead to the identification of therapeutic targets for cognitive decline in a model that reflects the at-risk population. We hypothesized that BCAS would impair endothelium-dependent dilation in PAs and induce artery remodeling compared with sham rats. PAs from BCAS rats had endothelial dysfunction, as assessed using pressure myography. Inhibition of nitric oxide and prostaglandin production had no effect on PA dilation in sham or BCAS rats. Surprisingly, inhibition of epoxyeicosatrienoic acid production increased dilation in PAs from BCAS rats but not from sham rats. Similar results were observed in the presence of inhibitors for all three dilatory pathways, suggesting that epoxygenase inhibition may have restored a nitric oxide/prostaglandin-independent dilatory pathway in PAs from BCAS rats. PAs from BCAS rats underwent remodeling with a reduced wall thickness. These data suggest that marked endothelial dysfunction in PAs from stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats with BCAS may be associated with the development of vascular cognitive impairment. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The present study assessed the structure and function of parenchymal arterioles in a model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion and hypertension, both of which are risk factors for cognitive impairment. We observed that impaired dilation and artery remodeling in parenchymal arterioles and abolished cerebrovascular reserve capacity may mediate cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Matin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Courtney Fisher
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan
| | - William F Jackson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Janice M Diaz-Otero
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Anne M Dorrance
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan
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Fleming I. The factor in EDHF: Cytochrome P450 derived lipid mediators and vascular signaling. Vascul Pharmacol 2016; 86:31-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Ellinsworth DC, Sandow SL, Shukla N, Liu Y, Jeremy JY, Gutterman DD. Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarization and Coronary Vasodilation: Diverse and Integrated Roles of Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids, Hydrogen Peroxide, and Gap Junctions. Microcirculation 2016; 23:15-32. [PMID: 26541094 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial perfusion and coronary vascular resistance are regulated by signaling metabolites released from the local myocardium that act either directly on the VSMC or indirectly via stimulation of the endothelium. A prominent mechanism of vasodilation is EDH of the arteriolar smooth muscle, with EETs and H(2)O(2) playing important roles in EDH in the coronary microcirculation. In some cases, EETs and H(2)O(2) are released as transferable hyperpolarizing factors (EDHFs) that act directly on the VSMCs. By contrast, EETs and H(2)O(2) can also promote endothelial KCa activity secondary to the amplification of extracellular Ca(2+) influx and Ca(2+) mobilization from intracellular stores, respectively. The resulting endothelial hyperpolarization may subsequently conduct to the media via myoendothelial gap junctions or potentially lead to the release of a chemically distinct factor(s). Furthermore, in human isolated coronary arterioles dilator signaling involving EETs and H(2)O(2) may be integrated, being either complimentary or inhibitory depending on the stimulus. With an emphasis on the human coronary microcirculation, this review addresses the diverse and integrated mechanisms by which EETs and H(2)O(2) regulate vessel tone and also examines the hypothesis that myoendothelial microdomain signaling facilitates EDH activity in the human heart.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shaun L Sandow
- Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nilima Shukla
- Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Yanping Liu
- Division of Research Infrastructure, National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jamie Y Jeremy
- Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - David D Gutterman
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Departments of Medicine, Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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Murphy TV, Kanagarajah A, Toemoe S, Bertrand PP, Grayson TH, Britton FC, Leader L, Senadheera S, Sandow SL. TRPV3 expression and vasodilator function in isolated uterine radial arteries from non-pregnant and pregnant rats. Vascul Pharmacol 2016; 83:66-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Zhao JF, Shyue SK, Kou YR, Lu TM, Lee TS. Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 Channel Involved in Atherosclerosis and Macrophage-Foam Cell Formation. Int J Biol Sci 2016; 12:812-23. [PMID: 27313495 PMCID: PMC4910600 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.15229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 channel (TRPA1) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, yet its role and the underlying mechanism in atherosclerosis remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the role of TRPA1 in atherosclerosis and foam-cell formation in vivo in mice and in vitro in mouse macrophages. Histopathology was examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining, levels of cytokines and lipid profile were evaluated by assay kits, and protein expression was determined by western blot analysis. TRPA1 expression was increased in macrophage foam cells in atherosclerotic aortas of apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE-/-) mice. Atherosclerotic lesions, hyperlipidemia and systemic inflammation were worsened with chronic administration of the TRPA1 channel antagonist HC030031 or genetic ablation of TRPA1 (TRPA1-/-) in apoE-/- mice. Treatment with allyl isothiocyanate (AITC, a TRPA1 agonist) retarded the progression of atherosclerosis in apoE-/- mice but not apoE-/-TRPA1-/- mice. Mouse macrophages showed oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) activated TRPA1 channels. OxLDL-induced lipid accumulation of macrophages was exacerbated by HC030031 or loss of function of TRPA1. Inhibition of TRPA1 activity did not alter oxLDL internalization but impaired cholesterol efflux by downregulating the ATP-binding cassette transporters. Furthermore, tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory response was attenuated in AITC-activated macrophages. TRPA1 may be a pivotal regulator in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and cholesterol metabolism of macrophage foam cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Feng Zhao
- 1. Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Song-Kun Shyue
- 2. Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu Ru Kou
- 1. Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Min Lu
- 3. Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; 4. Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Shyuan Lee
- 1. Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; 5. Genome Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Matin N, Fisher C, Jackson WF, Dorrance AM. Bilateral common carotid artery stenosis in normotensive rats impairs endothelium-dependent dilation of parenchymal arterioles. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2016; 310:H1321-9. [PMID: 26968546 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00890.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is a risk factor for cognitive impairment. Reduced blood flow through the common carotid arteries induced by bilateral carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) is a physiologically relevant model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. We hypothesized that BCAS in 20-wk-old Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats would impair cognitive function and lead to reduced endothelium-dependent dilation and outward remodeling in the parenchymal arterioles (PAs). After 8 wk of BCAS, both short-term memory and spatial discrimination abilities were impaired. In vivo assessment of cerebrovascular reserve capacity showed a severe impairment after BCAS. PA endothelial function and structure were assessed by pressure myography. BCAS impaired endothelial function in PAs, as evidenced by reduced dilation to carbachol. Addition of nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase inhibitors did not change carbachol-mediated dilation in either group. Inhibiting CYP epoxygenase, the enzyme that produces epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EETs), a key determinant of endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF)-mediated dilation, abolished dilation in PAs from Sham rats, but had no effect in PAs from BCAS rats. Expression of TRPV4 channels, a target for EETs, was decreased and maximal dilation to a TRPV4 agonist was attenuated after BCAS. Together these data suggest that EET-mediated dilation is impaired in PAs after BCAS. Thus impaired endothelium-dependent dilation in the PAs may be one of the contributing factors to the cognitive impairment observed after BCAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Matin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Courtney Fisher
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - William F Jackson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Anne M Dorrance
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
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Randhawa PK, Jaggi AS. TRPV4 channels: physiological and pathological role in cardiovascular system. Basic Res Cardiol 2015; 110:54. [PMID: 26415881 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-015-0512-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
TRPV4 channels are non-selective cation channels permeable to Ca(2+), Na(+), and Mg(2+) ions. Recently, TRPV4 channels have received considerable attention as these channels are widely expressed in the cardiovascular system including endothelial cells, cardiac fibroblasts, vascular smooth muscles, and peri-vascular nerves. Therefore, these channels possibly play a pivotal role in the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis. TRPV4 channels critically regulate flow-induced arteriogenesis, TGF-β1-induced differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, and heart failure-induced pulmonary edema. These channels also mediate hypoxia-induced increase in proliferation and migration of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and progression of pulmonary hypertension. These channels also maintain flow-induced vasodilation and preserve vascular function by directly activating Ca(2+)-dependent KCa channels. Furthermore, these may also induce vasodilation and maintain blood pressure indirectly by evoking the release of NO, CGRP, and substance P. The present review discusses the evidences and the potential mechanisms implicated in diverse responses including arteriogenesis, cardiac remodeling, congestive heart failure-induced pulmonary edema, pulmonary hypertension, flow-induced dilation, regulation of blood pressure, and hypoxic preconditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Kaur Randhawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University Patiala, Patiala, 147002, India
| | - Amteshwar Singh Jaggi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University Patiala, Patiala, 147002, India.
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Opposing actions of TRPV4 channel activation in the lung vasculature. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2015; 219:43-50. [PMID: 26282788 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) calcium channels are known to promote endothelium-dependent relaxation of mouse mesenteric arteries but TRPV4's role in the pulmonary vasculature is uncertain. Thus, we characterized TRPV4 channel vascular tone regulation in mouse main pulmonary artery rings and in the isolated perfused pulmonary circulation and studied possible mechanisms behind these characterizations. METHODS AND RESULTS Using myography and a TRPV4 specific agonist GSK1016790A in a C57BL/6 WT mouse model of isolated constant-flow lung perfusion, we studied vascular tone regulation in arterial rings from the main left and right pulmonary arteries and vascular resistance of the intra-pulmonary circulation beyond the second branches of the pulmonary arteries. Removal of the endothelium confirmed endothelial dependence. GSK1016790A relaxed the main pulmonary artery (EC50 4 × 10(-8)mol/L), which was inhibited by removal of the endothelium from main pulmonary artery rings. GSK1016790A significantly increased vascular resistance of the pulmonary circulation in isolated perfused lungs, but these effects were inhibited by a TRPV4 antagonist AB159908. A nitric oxide inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and K(+) channel blockers apamin plus charybdotoxin (ChTx) significantly inhibited GSK1016790A in the main pulmonary artery and in an isolated perfused lung in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Activated TRPV4 channels increase pulmonary vascular resistance and vasodilate the main pulmonary artery.
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Lin MT, Jian MY, Taylor MS, Cioffi DL, Yap FC, Liedtke W, Townsley MI. Functional coupling of TRPV4, IK, and SK channels contributes to Ca(2+)-dependent endothelial injury in rodent lung. Pulm Circ 2015; 5:279-90. [PMID: 26064452 DOI: 10.1086/680166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous work has shown that the increased lung endothelial permeability response to 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (14,15-EET) in rat lung requires Ca(2+) entry via vanilloid type-4 transient receptor potential (TRPV4) channels. Recent studies suggest that activation of TRPV4 channels in systemic vascular endothelium prolongs agonist-induced hyperpolarization and amplifies Ca(2+) entry by activating Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (KCa) channels, resulting in vessel relaxation. Activation of endothelial KCa channels thus has potential to increase the electrochemical driving force for Ca(2+) influx via TRPV4 channels and to amplify permeability responses to TRPV4 activation in lung. To examine this hypothesis, we used Western blot analysis, electrophysiological recordings, and isolated-lung permeability measurements to document expression of TRPV4 and KCa channels and the potential for functional coupling. The results show that rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells express TRPV4 and 3 KCa channels of different conductances: large (BK), intermediate (IK), and small (SK3). However, TRPV4 channel activity modulates the IK and SK3, but not the BK, channel current density. Furthermore, the TRPV4-mediated permeability response to 14,15-EET in mouse lung is significantly attenuated by pharmacologic blockade of IK and SK3, but not BK, channels. Collectively, this functional coupling suggests that endothelial TRPV4 channels in rodent lung likely form signaling microdomains with IK and SK3 channels and that the integrated response dictates the extent of lung endothelial injury caused by 14,15-EET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike T Lin
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA ; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Ming-Yuan Jian
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA ; Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA ; Present address: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. ; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Mark S Taylor
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Donna L Cioffi
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Fui C Yap
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Wolfgang Liedtke
- Departments of Medicine, Neurology and Neurobiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mary I Townsley
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA ; Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA ; Department of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
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Zou Q, Leung SWS, Vanhoutte PM. Transient Receptor Potential Channel Opening Releases Endogenous Acetylcholine, which Contributes to Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation Induced by Mild Hypothermia in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat but Not Wistar-Kyoto Rat Arteries. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2015; 354:121-30. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.115.223693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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Durgan DJ, Crossland RF, Lloyd EE, Phillips SC, Bryan RM. Increased cerebrovascular sensitivity to endothelin-1 in a rat model of obstructive sleep apnea: a role for endothelin receptor B. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2015; 35:402-11. [PMID: 25425077 PMCID: PMC4348382 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2014.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with cerebrovascular diseases. However, little is known regarding the effects of OSA on the cerebrovascular wall. We tested the hypothesis that OSA augments endothelin-1 (ET-1) constrictions of cerebral arteries. Repeated apneas (30 or 60 per hour) were produced in rats during the sleep cycle (8 hours) by remotely inflating a balloon implanted in the trachea. Four weeks of apneas produced a 23-fold increase in ET-1 sensitivity in isolated and pressurized posterior cerebral arteries (PCAs) compared with PCAs from sham-operated rats (EC50=10(-9.2) mol/L versus 10(-10.6) mol/L; P<0.001). This increased sensitivity was abolished by the ET-B receptor antagonist, BQ-788. Constrictions to the ET-B receptor agonist, IRL-1620, were greater in PCAs from rats after 2 or 4 weeks of apneas compared with that from sham-operated rats (P=0.013). Increased IRL-1620 constrictions in PCAs from OSA rats were normalized with the transient receptor potential channel (TRPC) blocker, SKF96365, or the Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, Y27632. These data show that OSA increases the sensitivity of PCAs to ET-1 through enhanced ET-B activity, and enhanced activity of TRPCs and ROCK. We conclude that enhanced ET-1 signaling is part of a pathologic mechanism associated with adverse cerebrovascular outcomes of OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Durgan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Randy F Crossland
- 1] Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA [2] Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Eric E Lloyd
- Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sharon C Phillips
- Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Robert M Bryan
- 1] Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA [2] Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA [3] Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Sciences), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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Guo BC, Wei J, Su KH, Chiang AN, Zhao JF, Chen HY, Shyue SK, Lee TS. Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 is vital for (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate mediated activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 59:646-57. [PMID: 25581901 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201400699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the most abundant catechin of green tea, has beneficial effects on physiological functions of endothelial cells (ECs), yet the detailed mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the role of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1), a ligand-gated nonselective calcium channel, in EGCG-mediated endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) activation and angiogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS In ECs, treatment with EGCG time-dependently increased the intracellular level of Ca(2+) . Removal of extracellular calcium (Ca(2+) ) by EGTA or EDTA or inhibition of TRPV1 by capsazepine or SB366791 abrogated EGCG-increased intracellular Ca(2+) level in ECs or TRPV1-transfected HEK293 cells. Additionally, EGCG increased the phsophorylation of eNOS at Ser635 and Ser1179, Akt at Ser473, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) at Thr286 and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) at Thr172, all abolished by the TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine. EGCG-induced NO production was diminished by pretreatment with LY294002 (an Akt inhibitor), KN62 (a CaMKII inhibitor), and compound C (an AMPK inhibitor). Moreover, blocking TRPV1 activation prevented EGCG-induced EC proliferation, migration, and tube formation, as well as angiogenesis in Matrigel plugs in mice. CONCLUSION EGCG may trigger activation of TRPV1-Ca(2+) signaling, which leads to phosphorylation of Akt, AMPK, and CaMKII; eNOS activation; NO production; and, ultimately, angiogenesis in ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei-Chia Guo
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Zhang E, Liao P. Brain transient receptor potential channels and stroke. J Neurosci Res 2014; 93:1165-83. [PMID: 25502473 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels have been increasingly implicated in the pathological mechanisms of CNS disorders. TRP expression has been detected in neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and ependymal cells as well as in the cerebral vascular endothelium and smooth muscle. In stroke, TRPC3/4/6, TRPM2/4/7, and TRPV1/3/4 channels have been found to participate in ischemia-induced cell death, whereas other TRP channels, in particular those expressed in nonneuronal cells, have been less well studied. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the expression and functions of the TRP channels in various cell types in the brain and our current understanding of TRP channels in stroke pathophysiology. In an aging society, the occurrence of stroke is expected to increase steadily, and there is an urgent requirement to improve the current stroke management strategy. Therefore, elucidating the roles of TRP channels in stroke could shed light on the development of novel therapeutic strategies and ultimately improve stroke outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Zhang
- Calcium Signalling Laboratory, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore
| | - Ping Liao
- Calcium Signalling Laboratory, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore
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Aubdool AA, Graepel R, Kodji X, Alawi KM, Bodkin JV, Srivastava S, Gentry C, Heads R, Grant AD, Fernandes ES, Bevan S, Brain SD. TRPA1 is essential for the vascular response to environmental cold exposure. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5732. [PMID: 25501034 PMCID: PMC4284811 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The cold-induced vascular response, consisting of vasoconstriction followed by vasodilatation, is critical for protecting the cutaneous tissues against cold injury. Whilst this physiological reflex response is historic knowledge, the mechanisms involved are unclear. Here by using a murine model of local environmental cold exposure, we show that TRPA1 acts as a primary vascular cold sensor, as determined through TRPA1 pharmacological antagonism or gene deletion. The initial cold-induced vasoconstriction is mediated via TRPA1-dependent superoxide production that stimulates α2C-adrenoceptors and Rho-kinase-mediated MLC phosphorylation, downstream of TRPA1 activation. The subsequent restorative blood flow component is also dependent on TRPA1 activation being mediated by sensory nerve-derived dilator neuropeptides CGRP and substance P, and also nNOS-derived NO. The results allow a new understanding of the importance of TRPA1 in cold exposure and provide impetus for further research into developing therapeutic agents aimed at the local protection of the skin in disease and adverse climates. Blood flow in the skin of mammals changes in response to cold, but the mechanisms driving this response are unclear. Aubdool et al. show that the non-selective cation channel, TRPA1, is a vascular cold sensor and required for the vascular protective response to local cold exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisah A Aubdool
- BHF Cardiovascular Centre of Excellence and Centre of Integrative Biomedicine, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Rabea Graepel
- BHF Cardiovascular Centre of Excellence and Centre of Integrative Biomedicine, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Xenia Kodji
- BHF Cardiovascular Centre of Excellence and Centre of Integrative Biomedicine, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Khadija M Alawi
- BHF Cardiovascular Centre of Excellence and Centre of Integrative Biomedicine, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Jennifer V Bodkin
- BHF Cardiovascular Centre of Excellence and Centre of Integrative Biomedicine, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Salil Srivastava
- BHF Cardiovascular Centre of Excellence and Centre of Integrative Biomedicine, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Clive Gentry
- Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Richard Heads
- BHF Cardiovascular Centre of Excellence and Centre of Integrative Biomedicine, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Andrew D Grant
- Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Elizabeth S Fernandes
- BHF Cardiovascular Centre of Excellence and Centre of Integrative Biomedicine, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Stuart Bevan
- Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Susan D Brain
- BHF Cardiovascular Centre of Excellence and Centre of Integrative Biomedicine, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
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Kacik M, Oliván-Viguera A, Köhler R. Modulation of K(Ca)3.1 channels by eicosanoids, omega-3 fatty acids, and molecular determinants. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112081. [PMID: 25372486 PMCID: PMC4221270 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytochrome P450- and ω-hydrolase products (epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), hydroxyeicosatetraeonic acid (20-HETE)), natural omega-3 fatty acids (ω3), and pentacyclic triterpenes have been proposed to contribute to a wide range of vaso-protective and anti-fibrotic/anti-cancer signaling pathways including the modulation of membrane ion channels. Here we studied the modulation of intermediate-conductance Ca(2+)/calmodulin-regulated K(+) channels (K(Ca)3.1) by EETs, 20-HETE, ω3, and pentacyclic triterpenes and the structural requirements of these fatty acids to exert channel blockade. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We studied modulation of cloned human hK(Ca)3.1 and the mutant hK(Ca)3.1(V275A) in HEK-293 cells, of rK(Ca)3.1 in aortic endothelial cells, and of mK(Ca)3.1 in 3T3-fibroblasts by inside-out and whole-cell patch-clamp experiments, respectively. In inside-out patches, Ca(2+)-activated hK(Ca)3.1 were inhibited by the ω3, DHA and α-LA, and the ω6, AA, in the lower µmolar range and with similar potencies. 5,6-EET, 8,9-EET, 5,6-DiHETE, and saturated arachidic acid, had no appreciable effects. In contrast, 14,15-EET, its stable derivative, 14,15-EEZE, and 20-HETE produced channel inhibition. 11,12-EET displayed less inhibitory activity. The K(Ca)3.1(V275A) mutant channel was insensitive to any of the blocking EETs. Non-blocking 5,6-EET antagonized the inhibition caused by AA and augmented cloned hK(Ca)3.1 and rK(Ca)3.1 whole-cell currents. Pentacyclic triterpenes did not modulate K(Ca)3.1 currents. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Inhibition of K(Ca)3.1 by EETs (14,15-EET), 20-HETE, and ω3 critically depended on the presence of electron double bonds and hydrophobicity within the 10 carbons preceding the carboxyl-head of the molecules. From the physiological perspective, metabolism of AA to non-blocking 5,6,- and 8,9-EET may cause AA-de-blockade and contribute to cellular signal transduction processes influenced by these fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kacik
- Faculty of Medicine, Philipps-University Marburg & Medical Center I, Clemenshospital/University Hospital of University Münster, 48153 Münster, Germany
| | | | - Ralf Köhler
- Aragon Institute of Health Sciences I+CS/IIS, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Fundación Agencia Aragonesa para la Investigación y Desarrollo (ARAID), 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Kochukov MY, Balasubramanian A, Abramowitz J, Birnbaumer L, Marrelli SP. Activation of endothelial transient receptor potential C3 channel is required for small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activation and sustained endothelial hyperpolarization and vasodilation of cerebral artery. J Am Heart Assoc 2014; 3:jah3649. [PMID: 25142058 PMCID: PMC4310376 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.114.000913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Transient receptor potential C3 (TRPC3) has been demonstrated to be involved in the regulation of vascular tone through endothelial cell (EC) hyperpolarization and endothelium‐dependent hyperpolarization–mediated vasodilation. However, the mechanism by which TRPC3 regulates these processes remains unresolved. We tested the hypothesis that endothelial receptor stimulation triggers rapid TRPC3 trafficking to the plasma membrane, where it provides the source of Ca2+ influx for small conductance calcium‐activated K+ (SKCa) channel activation and sustained EC hyperpolarization. Methods and Results Pressurized artery studies were performed with isolated mouse posterior cerebral artery. Treatment with a selective TRPC3 blocker (Pyr3) produced significant attenuation of endothelium‐dependent hyperpolarization–mediated vasodilation and endothelial Ca2+ response (EC‐specific Ca2+ biosensor) to intraluminal ATP. Pyr3 treatment also resulted in a reduced ATP‐stimulated global Ca2+ and Ca2+ influx in primary cultures of cerebral endothelial cells. Patch‐clamp studies with freshly isolated cerebral ECs demonstrated 2 components of EC hyperpolarization and K+ current activation in response to ATP. The early phase was dependent on intermediate conductance calcium‐activated K+ channel activation, whereas the later sustained phase relied on SKCa channel activation. The SKCa channel–dependent phase was completely blocked with TRPC3 channel inhibition or in ECs of TRPC3 knockout mice and correlated with increased trafficking of TRPC3 (but not SKCa channel) to the plasma membrane. Conclusions We propose that TRPC3 dynamically regulates SKCa channel activation through receptor‐dependent trafficking to the plasma membrane, where it provides the source of Ca2+ influx for sustained SKCa channel activation, EC hyperpolarization, and endothelium‐dependent hyperpolarization–mediated vasodilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Y Kochukov
- Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (M.Y.K., A.B., S.P.M.)
| | - Adithya Balasubramanian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (M.Y.K., A.B., S.P.M.)
| | - Joel Abramowitz
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Research, Triangle Park, NC (J.A., L.B.)
| | - Lutz Birnbaumer
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Research, Triangle Park, NC (J.A., L.B.)
| | - Sean P Marrelli
- Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (M.Y.K., A.B., S.P.M.) Department of Physiology and Biophysics and Graduate Program in Physiology, Cardiovascular Sciences Track, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (S.P.M.)
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Zhang L, Papadopoulos P, Hamel E. Endothelial TRPV4 channels mediate dilation of cerebral arteries: impairment and recovery in cerebrovascular pathologies related to Alzheimer's disease. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 170:661-70. [PMID: 23889563 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4) channels are expressed in brain endothelial cells, but their role in regulating cerebrovascular tone under physiological and pathological conditions is still largely unknown. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Wild-type (WT) mice and mice that overexpress a mutated form of the human amyloid precursor protein (APP mice, model of increased amyloid β), a constitutively active form of TGF-β1 (TGF mice, model of cerebrovascular fibrosis) or both (APP/TGF mice) were used. Dilations to the selective TRPV4 channel opener GSK1016790A (GSK) or to ACh were measured in posterior cerebral artery segments. KEY RESULTS Both GSK- and ACh-induced dilations virtually disappeared following endothelium denudation in WT mice. These responses were impaired in vessels from APP, TGF and APP/TGF mice compared with WT. Pre-incubation of WT vessels with the selective TRPV4 channel blocker HC-067047, or with small-conductance (SK channel, apamin) and/or intermediate-conductance (IK channel, charybdotoxin, ChTx) Ca(2+) -sensitive K(+) channel blocker abolished GSK-induced dilations and massively decreased those induced by ACh. These treatments had no or limited effects on ACh-induced dilation in vessels from APP, TGF or APP/TGF mice, and IK and SK channel function was preserved in transgenic mice. Antioxidant superoxide dismutase or catalase normalized GSK- and ACh-mediated dilations only in APP brain arteries. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS We conclude that endothelial TRPV4 channels mediate ACh-induced dilation in cerebral arteries, that they are impaired in models of cerebrovascular pathology and that they are sensitive, albeit in the reversible manner, to amyloid β-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luqing Zhang
- Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Research, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Spector AA, Kim HY. Cytochrome P450 epoxygenase pathway of polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2014; 1851:356-65. [PMID: 25093613 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are oxidized by cytochrome P450 epoxygenases to PUFA epoxides which function as potent lipid mediators. The major metabolic pathways of PUFA epoxides are incorporation into phospholipids and hydrolysis to the corresponding PUFA diols by soluble epoxide hydrolase. Inhibitors of soluble epoxide hydrolase stabilize PUFA epoxides and potentiate their functional effects. The epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) synthesized from arachidonic acid produce vasodilation, stimulate angiogenesis, have anti-inflammatory actions, and protect the heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury. EETs produce these functional effects by activating receptor-mediated signaling pathways and ion channels. The epoxyeicosatetraenoic acids synthesized from eicosapentaenoic acid and epoxydocosapentaenoic acids synthesized from docosahexaenoic acid are potent inhibitors of cardiac arrhythmias. Epoxydocosapentaenoic acids also inhibit angiogenesis, decrease inflammatory and neuropathic pain, and reduce tumor metastasis. These findings indicate that a number of the beneficial functions of PUFA may be due to their conversion to PUFA epoxides. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Oxygenated metabolism of PUFA: analysis and biological relevance".
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur A Spector
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Hee-Yong Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Gauthier KM, Campbell WB, McNeish AJ. Regulation of KCa2.3 and endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization (EDH) in the rat middle cerebral artery: the role of lipoxygenase metabolites and isoprostanes. PeerJ 2014; 2:e414. [PMID: 24949235 PMCID: PMC4060036 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose. In rat middle cerebral arteries, endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization (EDH) is mediated by activation of calcium-activated potassium (KCa) channels specifically KCa2.3 and KCa3.1. Lipoxygenase (LOX) products function as endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors (EDHFs) in rabbit arteries by stimulating KCa2.3. We investigated if LOX products contribute to EDH in rat cerebral arteries. Methods. Arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites produced in middle cerebral arteries were measured using HPLC and LC/MS. Vascular tension and membrane potential responses to SLIGRL were simultaneously recorded using wire myography and intracellular microelectrodes. Results. SLIGRL, an agonist at PAR2 receptors, caused EDH that was inhibited by a combination of KCa2.3 and KCa3.1 blockade. Non-selective LOX-inhibition reduced EDH, whereas inhibition of 12-LOX had no effect. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibition enhanced the KCa2.3 component of EDH. Following NO synthase (NOS) inhibition, the KCa2.3 component of EDH was absent. Using HPLC, middle cerebral arteries metabolized 14C-AA to 15- and 12-LOX products under control conditions. With NOS inhibition, there was little change in LOX metabolites, but increased F-type isoprostanes. 8-iso-PGF2α inhibited the KCa2.3 component of EDH. Conclusions. LOX metabolites mediate EDH in rat middle cerebral arteries. Inhibition of sEH increases the KCa2.3 component of EDH. Following NOS inhibition, loss of KCa2.3 function is independent of changes in LOX production or sEH inhibition but due to increased isoprostane production and subsequent stimulation of TP receptors. These findings have important implications in diseases associated with loss of NO signaling such as stroke; where inhibition of sEH and/or isoprostane formation may of benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M Gauthier
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, WI , USA
| | - William B Campbell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, WI , USA
| | - Alister J McNeish
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading , Reading, Berkshire , UK
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