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Chesnokov MS, Mamedova AR, Zhivotovsky B, Kopeina GS. A matter of new life and cell death: programmed cell death in the mammalian ovary. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:31. [PMID: 38509545 PMCID: PMC10956231 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01017-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mammalian ovary is a unique organ that displays a distinctive feature of cyclic changes throughout the entire reproductive period. The estrous/menstrual cycles are associated with drastic functional and morphological rearrangements of ovarian tissue, including follicular development and degeneration, and the formation and subsequent atrophy of the corpus luteum. The flawless execution of these reiterative processes is impossible without the involvement of programmed cell death (PCD). MAIN TEXT PCD is crucial for efficient and careful clearance of excessive, depleted, or obsolete ovarian structures for ovarian cycling. Moreover, PCD facilitates selection of high-quality oocytes and formation of the ovarian reserve during embryonic and juvenile development. Disruption of PCD regulation can heavily impact the ovarian functions and is associated with various pathologies, from a moderate decrease in fertility to severe hormonal disturbance, complete loss of reproductive function, and tumorigenesis. This comprehensive review aims to provide updated information on the role of PCD in various processes occurring in normal and pathologic ovaries. Three major events of PCD in the ovary-progenitor germ cell depletion, follicular atresia, and corpus luteum degradation-are described, alongside the detailed information on molecular regulation of these processes, highlighting the contribution of apoptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, and ferroptosis. Ultimately, the current knowledge of PCD aberrations associated with pathologies, such as polycystic ovarian syndrome, premature ovarian insufficiency, and tumors of ovarian origin, is outlined. CONCLUSION PCD is an essential element in ovarian development, functions and pathologies. A thorough understanding of molecular mechanisms regulating PCD events is required for future advances in the diagnosis and management of various disorders of the ovary and the female reproductive system in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail S Chesnokov
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aygun R Mamedova
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris Zhivotovsky
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Gelina S Kopeina
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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2
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Mei L, Huang Y, Wu X, He H, Ye R, Ma J, He X, Shi Y, Li P. Mutations in FIGLA Associated With Premature Ovarian Insufficiency in a Chinese Population. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:714306. [PMID: 34778283 PMCID: PMC8585841 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.714306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is one of the most common reproductive endocrinological causes of infertility in women of child-bearing age. The purpose of this study was to identify FIGLA gene mutations in Chinese patients with POI and to investigate the underlying mechanism. Methods: A total of 113 patients with idiopathic POI and 100 healthy controls were recruited for the analysis of FIGLA variants. Based on the identification of common mutations in the FIGLA, wild-type and mutant plasmids were constructed and transfected into HEK293 cells. Luciferase reporter genes were used to determine the effect of wild-type and mutant FIGLA genotypes on the transcriptional activity of its downstream targets, the zona pellucida glycoprotein genes ZP1, ZP2, and ZP3. Chromatin immunoprecipitation was used to determine the level of binding between wild-type and mutant FIGLA with the ZP1, ZP2, and ZP3 promoters. Results: Three different FIGLA mutations were identified in four patients with POI. Two patients carried the mutation c.11C>A (p.A4E), and the other two patients, respectively, carried the mutations c.625G>A (p.V209I) and c.84C>A (p.D28E). The luciferase reporter assay indicated that ZP1, ZP2, and ZP3 transcriptional activities were significantly reduced in individuals with FIGLA mutations. Chromatin immunoprecipitation indicated that the FIGLA mutation significantly decreased binding with the ZP1, ZP2, and ZP3 promoters. Conclusion:FIGLA mutation affects gene transcriptional regulation of its downstream target genes ZP1, ZP2, and ZP3, highlighting a new candidate genetic factor that causes POI. Our study demonstrates that FIGLA has a regulatory effect on reproduction-specific genes, thereby providing a basis for elucidating the specific regulatory mechanism of FIGLA in germ cell growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libin Mei
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yanru Huang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Huang He
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ronghui Ye
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jinxiu Ma
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - XueMei He
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuhua Shi
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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3
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Yang Q, Mumusoglu S, Qin Y, Sun Y, Hsueh AJ. A kaleidoscopic view of ovarian genes associated with premature ovarian insufficiency and senescence. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21753. [PMID: 34233068 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100756r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian infertility and subfertility presenting with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and diminished ovarian reserve are major issues facing the developed world due to the trend of delaying childbirth. Ovarian senescence and POI represent a continuum of physiological/pathophysiological changes in ovarian follicle functions. Based on advances in whole exome sequencing, evaluation of gene copy variants, together with family-based and genome-wide association studies, we discussed genes responsible for POI and ovarian senescence. We used a gene-centric approach to sort out literature deposited in the Ovarian Kaleidoscope database (http://okdb.appliedbioinfo.net) by sub-categorizing candidate genes as ligand-receptor signaling, meiosis and DNA repair, transcriptional factors, RNA metabolism, enzymes, and others. We discussed individual gene mutations found in POI patients and verification of gene functions in gene-deleted model organisms. Decreased expression of some of the POI genes could be responsible for ovarian senescence, especially those essential for DNA repair, meiosis and mitochondrial functions. We propose to set up a candidate gene panel for targeted sequencing in POI patients together with studies on mitochondria-associated genes in middle-aged subfertile patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingling Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sezcan Mumusoglu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yingying Qin
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yingpu Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Aaron J Hsueh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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4
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Zanini BM, Andrade KRS, Pradiee J, Veiga GB, Garcia DN, Mondadori RG, Cruz LAX, Alvarado-Rincón JA, Ramirez RP, Saccon TD, Masternak MM, Barros CC, Schneider A. Calorie restriction during gestation affects ovarian reserve in offspring in the mouse. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020; 32:1338-1349. [PMID: 33243369 DOI: 10.1071/rd20107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of calorie restriction (CR) during pregnancy in mice on metabolism and ovarian function in the offspring. Pregnant female mice were divided into two groups, a control group and a CR group (n=7 in each). Mice in the CR group were fed 50% of the amount consumed by control females from Day 10 of gestation until delivery. After weaning, the offspring received diet ad libitum until 3 months of age, when ovaries were collected. Ovaries were serially cut and every sixth section was used for follicle counting. Female offspring from CR dams tended to have increased bodyweight compared with offspring from control females (P=0.08). Interestingly, fewer primordial follicles (60% reduction; P=0.001), transitional follicles (P=0.0006) and total follicles (P=0.006) were observed in offspring from CR mothers. The number of primary, secondary and tertiary follicles did not differ between the groups (P>0.05). The CR offspring had fewer DNA double-strand breaks in primary follicle oocytes (P=0.03). In summary, CR during the second half of gestation decreased primordial ovarian follicle reserve in female offspring. These findings suggest that undernutrition during the second half of gestation may decrease the reproductive lifespan of female offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianka M Zanini
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Kelvin R S Andrade
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Jorgea Pradiee
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriel B Veiga
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Driele N Garcia
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael G Mondadori
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Luís A X Cruz
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Renata P Ramirez
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Tatiana D Saccon
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Michal M Masternak
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Carlos C Barros
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Augusto Schneider
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil; and Corresponding author.
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5
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Tang R, Yu Q. Novel variants in women with premature ovarian function decline identified via whole-exome sequencing. J Assist Reprod Genet 2020; 37:2487-2502. [PMID: 32789750 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-020-01919-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the potential etiologies of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and diminished ovarian reserve (DOR). METHODS Fourteen women with sporadic POI and 6 women with DOR were enrolled. We used whole-exome sequencing (WES) and bioinformatics analysis to identify variants in a subset of 599 selected POI candidate genes. The identified genes were subjected to gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses to uncover key genes and pathways. RESULTS Among the 20 patients, 79 heterozygous variants were detected in 49 genes, which were classified as "likely pathogenic" or "variants of uncertain significance" according to the guidelines of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics. Most patients (17/20) carried two or more variants. Monoacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 mutations were found in six patients, and cytochrome P450 family 26 subfamily B member 1 and Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9 mutations were each found in four patients. Some variants were shared between DOR and POI. Enrichment analyses showed that the identified genes participate in key ovarian processes, such as follicular development, gonadal development, meiosis, Fanconi anemia, homologous recombination, and transforming growth factor β signaling. A PPI network revealed interactions between these proteins. CONCLUSION Premature ovarian function decline may be polygenic, and overlap exists between the genetic backgrounds of DOR and POI. WES and in silico analyses may be a useful clinical tool for etiological diagnosis and risk prediction for high-risk women in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyi Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Grive KJ. Pathways coordinating oocyte attrition and abundance during mammalian ovarian reserve establishment. Mol Reprod Dev 2020; 87:843-856. [PMID: 32720428 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian ovarian reserve is comprised of a finite pool of primordial follicles, representing the lifetime reproductive capacity of females. In most mammals, the reserve is produced during embryonic and early postnatal development with oocyte numbers peaking during mid-to-late gestation, and then experiencing a dramatic decline continuing until shortly after birth. Oocytes remaining after the bulk of this attrition are subsequently surrounded by a layer of somatic pre-granulosa cells with these units then referred to as "primordial follicles." The complex and varied cell death mechanisms intrinsic to this process are not only characteristic of, but also essential for, the proper formation of this pool of follicles, and as a result must be immaculately balanced to ensure long-term fertility and reproductive health. Too few follicles can lead to Primary Ovarian Insufficiency, resulting in fertility loss and other features of aging, such as an overall shorter lifespan. On the other hand, whereas an excess of follicles might extend reproductive lifespan, this might also be the underlying etiology of other ovarian pathologies. The last decade, in particular, has vastly expanded our understanding of oocyte attrition and determinants of ovarian reserve abundance. By continuing to decipher the intricacies underlying the cell death processes and development of the initial primordial follicle pool, we may be in a much better position to understand idiopathic cases of premature follicle depletion and improve ovarian health in reproductive-age women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn J Grive
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women's Oncology, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, Rhode Island.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
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7
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Cattoni A, Spano A, Tulone A, Boneschi A, Masera N, Maitz S, Di Blasio AM, Persani L, Guizzardi F, Rossetti R. The Potential Synergic Effect of a Complex Pattern of Multiple Inherited Genetic Variants as a Pathogenic Factor for Ovarian Dysgenesis: A Case Report. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:540683. [PMID: 33101191 PMCID: PMC7545356 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.540683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-syndromic primary ovarian insufficiency due to ovarian dysgenesis in 46,XX patients is an uncommon finding in the general population, even though several monogenic variants have been reported as causative factors. Here, we describe a 15-year-old patient diagnosed with gonadal dysgenesis possibly due to the interaction of three potentially pathogenic variants of genes involved in ovarian maturation, namely factor in the germline alpha (FIGLA), newborn ovary homeobox-encoding (NOBOX) and nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group A member 1 (NR5A1). We also describe a different degree of residual ovarian function within the proband's family, whose female members carry one to three demonstrated variations in the aforementioned genes in a clinical spectrum potentially dependent on the number of alleles involved. Our results support the hypothesis that the severity of the clinical picture of the proband, resulting in complete ovarian dysgenesis, may be due to a synergic detrimental effect of inherited genetic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Cattoni
- Department of Pediatrics, Azienda Ospedaliera San Gerardo, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la Sua Mamma, Monza, Italy
- *Correspondence: Alessandro Cattoni
| | - Alice Spano
- Department of Pediatrics, Azienda Ospedaliera San Gerardo, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la Sua Mamma, Monza, Italy
| | - Anna Tulone
- Department of Pediatrics, Azienda Ospedaliera San Gerardo, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la Sua Mamma, Monza, Italy
| | - Annalisa Boneschi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Azienda Ospedaliera San Gerardo, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la Sua Mamma, Monza, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Masera
- Department of Pediatrics, Azienda Ospedaliera San Gerardo, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la Sua Mamma, Monza, Italy
| | - Silvia Maitz
- Department of Pediatrics, Azienda Ospedaliera San Gerardo, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la Sua Mamma, Monza, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Di Blasio
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Cusano Milanino, Italy
| | - Luca Persani
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabiana Guizzardi
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Cusano Milanino, Italy
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Rossetti
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
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Venturella R, De Vivo V, Carlea A, D'Alessandro P, Saccone G, Arduino B, Improda FP, Lico D, Rania E, De Marco C, Viglietto G, Zullo F. The Genetics of Non-Syndromic Primary Ovarian Insufficiency: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2019; 13:161-168. [PMID: 31310068 PMCID: PMC6642427 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2019.5599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Several causes for primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) have been described, including iatrogenic and environmental
factor, viral infections, chronic disease as well as genetic alterations. The aim of this review was to collect all the ge-
netic mutations associated with non-syndromic POI. All studies, including gene screening, genome-wide study and as-
sessing genetic mutations associated with POI, were included and analyzed in this systematic review. Syndromic POI
and chromosomal abnormalities were not evaluated. Single gene perturbations, including genes on the X chromosome
(such as BMP15, PGRMC1 and FMR1) and genes on autosomal chromosomes (such as GDF9, FIGLA, NOBOX,
ESR1, FSHR and NANOS3) have a positive correlation with non-syndromic POI. Future strategies include linkage
analysis of families with multiple affected members, array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) for analysis of
copy number variations, next generation sequencing technology and genome-wide data analysis. This review showed
variability of the genetic factors associated with POI. These findings may help future genetic screening studies on
large cohort of women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Venturella
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valentino De Vivo
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Annunziata Carlea
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro D'Alessandro
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriele Saccone
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. Electronic Address:
| | - Bruno Arduino
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Improda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniela Lico
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Erika Rania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carmela De Marco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Viglietto
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Fulvio Zullo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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9
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Ge W, Li L, Dyce PW, De Felici M, Shen W. Establishment and depletion of the ovarian reserve: physiology and impact of environmental chemicals. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:1729-1746. [PMID: 30810760 PMCID: PMC11105173 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03028-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The reproductive life span in women starts at puberty and ends at menopause, following the exhaustion of the follicle stockpile termed the ovarian reserve. Increasing data from experimental animal models and epidemiological studies indicate that exposure to a number of ubiquitously distributed reproductively toxic environmental chemicals (RTECs) can contribute to earlier menopause and even premature ovarian failure. However, the causative relationship between environmental chemical exposure and earlier menopause in women remains poorly understood. The present work, is an attempt to review the current evidence regarding the effects of RTECs on the main ovarian activities in mammals, focusing on how such compounds can affect the ovarian reserve at any stages of ovarian development. We found that in rodents, strong evidence exists that in utero, neonatal, prepubescent and even adult exposure to RTECs leads to impaired functioning of the ovary and a shortening of the reproductive lifespan. Regarding human, data from cross-sectional surveys suggest that human exposure to certain environmental chemicals can compromise a woman's reproductive health and in some cases, correlate with earlier menopause. In conclusion, evidences exist that exposure to RTECs can compromise a woman's reproductive health. However, human exposures may date back to the developmental stage, while the adverse effects are usually diagnosed decades later, thus making it difficult to determine the association between RTECs exposure and human reproductive health. Therefore, epidemiological surveys and more experimental investigation on humans, or alternatively primates, are needed to determine the direct and indirect effects caused by RTECs exposure on the ovary function, and to characterize their action mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ge
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Lan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Paul W Dyce
- Department of Animal Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Massimo De Felici
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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10
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Gheldof A, Mackay DJG, Cheong Y, Verpoest W. Genetic diagnosis of subfertility: the impact of meiosis and maternal effects. J Med Genet 2019; 56:271-282. [PMID: 30728173 PMCID: PMC6581078 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2018-105513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
During reproductive age, approximately one in seven couples are confronted with fertility problems. While the aetiology is diverse, including infections, metabolic diseases, hormonal imbalances and iatrogenic effects, it is becoming increasingly clear that genetic factors have a significant contribution. Due to the complex nature of infertility that often hints at a multifactorial cause, the search for potentially causal gene mutations in idiopathic infertile couples has remained difficult. Idiopathic infertility patients with a suspicion of an underlying genetic cause can be expected to have mutations in genes that do not readily affect general health but are only essential in certain processes connected to fertility. In this review, we specifically focus on genes involved in meiosis and maternal-effect processes, which are of critical importance for reproduction and initial embryonic development. We give an overview of genes that have already been linked to infertility in human, as well as good candidates which have been described in other organisms. Finally, we propose a phenotypic range in which we expect an optimal diagnostic yield of a meiotic/maternal-effect gene panel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Gheldof
- Center for Medical Genetics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Reproduction and Genetics Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Deborah J G Mackay
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton University Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Ying Cheong
- Complete Fertility, Human Development of Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Willem Verpoest
- Reproduction and Genetics Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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11
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Yuan P, He Z, Sun S, Li Y, Wang W, Liang X, Xie X, Jiang Y, Yang D. Bi‐allelic recessive loss‐of‐function mutations in
FIGLA
cause premature ovarian insufficiency with short stature. Clin Genet 2018; 95:409-414. [PMID: 30474133 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yuan
- IVF Center, Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Zuyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | | | - Yu Li
- IVF Center, Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- IVF Center, Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Xinyu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | | | | | - Dongzi Yang
- IVF Center, Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
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12
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Dean DD, Agarwal S, Tripathi P. Connecting links between genetic factors defining ovarian reserve and recurrent miscarriages. J Assist Reprod Genet 2018; 35:2121-2128. [PMID: 30219969 PMCID: PMC6289926 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-018-1305-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Approximately 1-2% of the women faces three or more successive spontaneous miscarriages termed as recurrent miscarriage (RM). Many clinical factors have been attributed so far to be the potential risk factors in RM, including uterine anomalies, antiphospholipid syndrome, endocrinological abnormalities, chromosomal abnormalities, and infections. However, in spite of extensive studies, reviews, and array of causes known to be associated with RM, about 50% cases encountered by treating physicians remains unknown. The aims of this study were to evaluate recent publications and to explore oocyte-specific genetic factors that may have role in incidence of recurrent miscarriages. METHOD Recent studies have identified common molecular factors contributing both in establishment of ovarian reserve and in early embryonic development. Also, studies have pointed out the relationship between the age-associated depletion of OR and increase in the risk of miscarriages, thus suggestive of an interacting biology. Here, we have gathered literature evidences in establishing connecting links between genetic factors associated with age induced or pathological OR depletion and idiopathic RM, which are the two extreme ends of female reproductive pathology. CONCLUSION In light of connecting etiological link between infertility and RM as reviewed in this study, interrogating the oocyte-specific genes with suspected roles in reproductive biology, in cases of unexplained RM, may open new possibilities in widening our understanding of RM pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Delsa Dean
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow, U.P. 226014 India
| | - Sarita Agarwal
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow, U.P. 226014 India
| | - Poonam Tripathi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow, U.P. 226014 India
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13
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Ramezani M, Salehnia M, Jafarabadi M. Vitrification and in vitro culture had no adverse effect on the follicular development and gene expression of stimulated human ovarian tissue. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2018; 44:474-487. [PMID: 29316020 DOI: 10.1111/jog.13530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM The study assesses the effect of the vitrification procedure on the integrity, morphology, follicular development and gene expression of stimulated human ovarian tissue after warming and two weeks of in vitro culture. METHODS Ovarian specimens were divided into non-vitrified and vitrified groups and were cultured for two weeks. Morphological analysis and immunohistochemistry were performed. The 17-β estradiol and anti-Müllerian hormone levels in collected media were assessed. Gene expression was analyzed using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The morphology and immunohistochemistry of bcl-2-like protein 4 and B-cell lymphoma 2 of human stimulated ovarian tissue were similar in both groups. There was no significant difference in the percentage of normal follicles between the groups before and after in vitro culture. In spite of an increase in the percentage of growing follicles in cultured tissues compared to the non-cultured groups, the rate of normal follicles was significantly decreased in both cultured groups (P < 0.05). Gene expression was no different in vitrified tissues compared to the control; however, the expression of growth differentiation factor 9 and follicle stimulating hormone receptor genes were increased and factor in germ line alpha and kit ligand genes were decreased during in vitro culture (P < 0.05). In the two cultured groups, the level of 17-β estradiol was increased (P < 0.05), but the anti-Müllerian hormone concentration was not statistically altered. CONCLUSIONS These results showed that the integrity of stimulated human ovarian tissue after vitrification/warming was well preserved; however, the in vitro culture condition needs improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Ramezani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical Sciences Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojdeh Salehnia
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical Sciences Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Jafarabadi
- Reproductive Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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14
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The Role of Maternal-Effect Genes in Mammalian Development: Are Mammalian Embryos Really an Exception? Stem Cell Rev Rep 2017; 12:276-84. [PMID: 26892267 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-016-9648-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The essential contribution of multiple maternal factors to early mammalian development is rapidly altering the view that mammals have a unique pattern of development compared to other species. Currently, over 60 maternal-effect mutations have been described in mammalian systems, including critical determinants of pluripotency. This data, combined with the evidence for lineage bias and differential gene expression in early blastomeres, strongly suggests that mammalian development is to some extent mosaic from the four-cell stage onward.
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15
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Kawashima I, Kawamura K. Disorganization of the germ cell pool leads to primary ovarian insufficiency. Reproduction 2017; 153:R205-R213. [PMID: 28289071 DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian ovary is an organ that controls female germ cell development, storing them and releasing mature oocytes for transporting to the oviduct. During the fetal stage, female germ cells change from a proliferative state to meiosis before forming follicles with the potential for the growth of surrounding somatic cells. Understanding of molecular and physiological bases of germ cell development in the fetal ovary contributed not only to the elucidation of genetic disorders in primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), but also to the advancement of novel treatments for patients with POI. Accumulating evidence indicates that mutations in NOBOX, DAZL and FIGLAgenes are associated with POI. In addition, cell biology studies revealed the important roles of these genes as essential translational factors for germ cell development. Recent insights into the role of the PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase)-Akt signaling pathway in primordial follicle activation allowed the development of a new infertility treatment, IVA (in vitro activation), leading to successful pregnancy/delivery in POI patients. Furthermore, elucidation of genetic dynamics underlying female germ cell development could allow regeneration of oocytes from ES (embryonic stem)/iPS (induced pluripotent stem) cells in mammals. The purpose of this review is to summarize basic findings related to female germ cell development and potential clinical implications, especially focusing on POI etiologies. We also summarize evolving new POI therapies based on IVA as well as oocyte regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikko Kawashima
- Department of Advanced Reproductive MedicineSt. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kawamura
- Department of Advanced Reproductive MedicineSt. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa, Japan
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16
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Rossetti R, Ferrari I, Bonomi M, Persani L. Genetics of primary ovarian insufficiency. Clin Genet 2016; 91:183-198. [PMID: 27861765 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is characterized by a loss of ovarian function before the age of 40 and account for one major cause of female infertility. POI relevance is continuously growing because of the increasing number of women desiring conception beyond 30 years of age, when POI prevalence is >1%. POI is highly heterogeneous and can present with ovarian dysgenesis and primary amenorrhea, or with secondary amenorrhea, and it can be associated with other congenital or acquired abnormalities. In most cases POI remains classified as idiopathic. However, the age of menopause is an inheritable trait and POI has a strong genetic component. This is confirmed by the existence of several candidate genes, experimental and natural models. The variable expressivity of POI defect may indicate that, this disease may frequently be considered as a multifactorial or oligogenic defect. The most common genetic contributors to POI are the X chromosome-linked defects. Here, we review the principal X-linked and autosomal genes involved in syndromic and non-syndromic forms of POI with the expectation that this list will soon be upgraded, thus allowing the possibility to predict the risk of an early age at menopause in families with POI.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rossetti
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - I Ferrari
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - M Bonomi
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - L Persani
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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17
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Bouilly J, Beau I, Barraud S, Bernard V, Azibi K, Fagart J, Fèvre A, Todeschini AL, Veitia RA, Beldjord C, Delemer B, Dodé C, Young J, Binart N. Identification of Multiple Gene Mutations Accounts for a new Genetic Architecture of Primary Ovarian Insufficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016; 101:4541-4550. [PMID: 27603904 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-2152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Idiopathic primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a major cause of amenorrhea and infertility. POI affects 1% of women before age 40 years, and several genetic causes have been reported. To date, POI has been considered a monogenic disorder. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify novel gene variations and to investigate if individuals with POI harbor mutation in multiple loci. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred well-phenotyped POI patients were systematically screened for variants in 19 known POI loci (and potential candidate genes) using next-generation sequencing. RESULTS At least one rare protein-altering gene variant was identified in 19 patients, including missense mutations in new candidate genes, namely SMC1β and REC8 (involved in the cohesin complex) and LHX8, a gene encoding a transcription factor. Novel or recurrent deleterious mutations were also detected in the known POI candidate genes NOBOX, FOXL2, SOHLH1, FIGLA, GDF9, BMP15, and GALT. Seven patients harbor mutations in two loci, and this digenicity seems to influence the age of symptom onset. CONCLUSIONS Genetic anomalies in women with POI are more frequent than previously believed. Digenic findings in several cases suggest that POI is not a purely monogenic disorder and points to a role of digenicity. The genotype-phenotype correlations in some kindreds suggest that a synergistic effect of several mutations may underlie the POI phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Bouilly
- Inserm 1185 (J.B., I.B., S.B., J.F., J.Y., N.B.), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire (K.A., C.B., C.D.), Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Université Paris-Descartes, 75004 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (A.F., B.D.), CHU de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51100 Reims, France; Institut Jacques Monod (A.L.T., R.A.V.), Université Paris Diderot-PARIS 7/CNRS UMR7592, 75013 Paris, France; and Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction (J.Y.), APHP, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Isabelle Beau
- Inserm 1185 (J.B., I.B., S.B., J.F., J.Y., N.B.), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire (K.A., C.B., C.D.), Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Université Paris-Descartes, 75004 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (A.F., B.D.), CHU de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51100 Reims, France; Institut Jacques Monod (A.L.T., R.A.V.), Université Paris Diderot-PARIS 7/CNRS UMR7592, 75013 Paris, France; and Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction (J.Y.), APHP, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Sara Barraud
- Inserm 1185 (J.B., I.B., S.B., J.F., J.Y., N.B.), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire (K.A., C.B., C.D.), Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Université Paris-Descartes, 75004 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (A.F., B.D.), CHU de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51100 Reims, France; Institut Jacques Monod (A.L.T., R.A.V.), Université Paris Diderot-PARIS 7/CNRS UMR7592, 75013 Paris, France; and Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction (J.Y.), APHP, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Valérie Bernard
- Inserm 1185 (J.B., I.B., S.B., J.F., J.Y., N.B.), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire (K.A., C.B., C.D.), Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Université Paris-Descartes, 75004 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (A.F., B.D.), CHU de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51100 Reims, France; Institut Jacques Monod (A.L.T., R.A.V.), Université Paris Diderot-PARIS 7/CNRS UMR7592, 75013 Paris, France; and Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction (J.Y.), APHP, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Kemal Azibi
- Inserm 1185 (J.B., I.B., S.B., J.F., J.Y., N.B.), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire (K.A., C.B., C.D.), Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Université Paris-Descartes, 75004 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (A.F., B.D.), CHU de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51100 Reims, France; Institut Jacques Monod (A.L.T., R.A.V.), Université Paris Diderot-PARIS 7/CNRS UMR7592, 75013 Paris, France; and Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction (J.Y.), APHP, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Jérôme Fagart
- Inserm 1185 (J.B., I.B., S.B., J.F., J.Y., N.B.), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire (K.A., C.B., C.D.), Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Université Paris-Descartes, 75004 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (A.F., B.D.), CHU de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51100 Reims, France; Institut Jacques Monod (A.L.T., R.A.V.), Université Paris Diderot-PARIS 7/CNRS UMR7592, 75013 Paris, France; and Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction (J.Y.), APHP, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Anne Fèvre
- Inserm 1185 (J.B., I.B., S.B., J.F., J.Y., N.B.), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire (K.A., C.B., C.D.), Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Université Paris-Descartes, 75004 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (A.F., B.D.), CHU de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51100 Reims, France; Institut Jacques Monod (A.L.T., R.A.V.), Université Paris Diderot-PARIS 7/CNRS UMR7592, 75013 Paris, France; and Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction (J.Y.), APHP, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Anne Laure Todeschini
- Inserm 1185 (J.B., I.B., S.B., J.F., J.Y., N.B.), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire (K.A., C.B., C.D.), Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Université Paris-Descartes, 75004 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (A.F., B.D.), CHU de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51100 Reims, France; Institut Jacques Monod (A.L.T., R.A.V.), Université Paris Diderot-PARIS 7/CNRS UMR7592, 75013 Paris, France; and Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction (J.Y.), APHP, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Reiner A Veitia
- Inserm 1185 (J.B., I.B., S.B., J.F., J.Y., N.B.), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire (K.A., C.B., C.D.), Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Université Paris-Descartes, 75004 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (A.F., B.D.), CHU de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51100 Reims, France; Institut Jacques Monod (A.L.T., R.A.V.), Université Paris Diderot-PARIS 7/CNRS UMR7592, 75013 Paris, France; and Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction (J.Y.), APHP, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Chérif Beldjord
- Inserm 1185 (J.B., I.B., S.B., J.F., J.Y., N.B.), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire (K.A., C.B., C.D.), Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Université Paris-Descartes, 75004 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (A.F., B.D.), CHU de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51100 Reims, France; Institut Jacques Monod (A.L.T., R.A.V.), Université Paris Diderot-PARIS 7/CNRS UMR7592, 75013 Paris, France; and Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction (J.Y.), APHP, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Brigitte Delemer
- Inserm 1185 (J.B., I.B., S.B., J.F., J.Y., N.B.), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire (K.A., C.B., C.D.), Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Université Paris-Descartes, 75004 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (A.F., B.D.), CHU de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51100 Reims, France; Institut Jacques Monod (A.L.T., R.A.V.), Université Paris Diderot-PARIS 7/CNRS UMR7592, 75013 Paris, France; and Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction (J.Y.), APHP, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Catherine Dodé
- Inserm 1185 (J.B., I.B., S.B., J.F., J.Y., N.B.), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire (K.A., C.B., C.D.), Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Université Paris-Descartes, 75004 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (A.F., B.D.), CHU de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51100 Reims, France; Institut Jacques Monod (A.L.T., R.A.V.), Université Paris Diderot-PARIS 7/CNRS UMR7592, 75013 Paris, France; and Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction (J.Y.), APHP, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Jacques Young
- Inserm 1185 (J.B., I.B., S.B., J.F., J.Y., N.B.), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire (K.A., C.B., C.D.), Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Université Paris-Descartes, 75004 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (A.F., B.D.), CHU de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51100 Reims, France; Institut Jacques Monod (A.L.T., R.A.V.), Université Paris Diderot-PARIS 7/CNRS UMR7592, 75013 Paris, France; and Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction (J.Y.), APHP, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Nadine Binart
- Inserm 1185 (J.B., I.B., S.B., J.F., J.Y., N.B.), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire (K.A., C.B., C.D.), Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Université Paris-Descartes, 75004 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (A.F., B.D.), CHU de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51100 Reims, France; Institut Jacques Monod (A.L.T., R.A.V.), Université Paris Diderot-PARIS 7/CNRS UMR7592, 75013 Paris, France; and Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction (J.Y.), APHP, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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18
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Minichromosome maintenance complex component 8 mutations cause primary ovarian insufficiency. Fertil Steril 2016; 106:1485-1489.e2. [PMID: 27573988 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether mutations in the minichromosome maintenance complex component 8 (MCM8) gene were present in 192 patients with sporadic primary ovarian insufficiency (POI). DESIGN Retrospective case-control cohort study. SETTING University-based reproductive medicine center. PATIENT(S) A total of 192 patients with sporadic POI and 312 control women with regular menstruation (192 age-matched women and 120 women >45 years old). INTERVENTION(S) Sanger sequencing was performed in patients with sporadic POI, and potentially pathogenic variants were confirmed in matched controls. DNA damage was induced by mitomycinC (MMC) treatment, and DNA repair capacity was evaluated by histone H2AX phosphorylation level. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Sanger sequencing for MCM8 was performed in 192 patients with sporadic POI, and functional experiments were performed to explore the deleterious effects of mutations identified. RESULT(S) Two novel missense variants in MCM8, c. A950T (p. H317L), and c. A1802G (p. H601R), were identified in two patients with POI but absent in 312 controls (the upper 90% confidence limit for the proportion 2/192 is 2.24%). The HeLa cells overexpressing mutant p. H317L and p. H601R showed higher sensitivity to MMC compared with wild type. Furthermore, mutant p. H317L showed decreased repair capacity after MMC treatment with much more histone H2AX phosphorylation remaining after 2 hours of recovery. CONCLUSION(S) Our result suggests novel mutations p. H317L and p. H601R in the MCM8 gene are potentially causative for POI by dysfunctional DNA repair.
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19
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The comparison of animal models for premature ovarian failure established by several different source of inducers. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 81:223-232. [PMID: 27612992 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare premature ovarian failure animal models established by several different source of inducers. Female ICR mice, KM mice, and SD rats were treated by cyclophosphamide at 120 mg/kg, busulfan at 12 mg/kg, cisplatin at 3 or 4 mg/kg, 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide at 160 mg/kg, 35% galactose food pellet, and tripterygium glycosides at 50 mg/kg, respectively. Parameters were analyzed by body weight, serum concentration level of related hormones, ovarian and uterine pathological examination. The results indicated the body weight of mice increased very slowly following single dose of cyclophosphamide (p < 0.05) with damaged ovary; repeated doses of cisplatin could induce body weight significantly decreased (p < 0.01) with a rising trend of serum LH concentration, declining tendency of serum E2 concentration and injured ovary and uterus; 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide also hindered the mice growing (p < 0.05) with damaged ovary and uterus; the body weight of mice feed by 35% galactose food pellet increased slowly (p < 0.05) with dramatically higher serum concentration level of galactose, albumin, and total protein (p < 0.001) and injured ovary. Busulfan and tripterygium glycosides did not present obvious evidences. In conclusion, the inducers presented their respective features in such animal models and should be appropriately applied in preventive methods.
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Abstract
The adult mammalian ovary is devoid of definitive germline stem cells. As such, female reproductive senescence largely results from the depletion of a finite ovarian follicle pool that is produced during embryonic development. Remarkably, the crucial nature and regulation of follicle assembly and survival during embryogenesis is just coming into focus. This developmental pathway involves the coordination of meiotic progression and the breakdown of germ cell cysts into individual oocytes housed within primordial follicles. Recent evidence also indicates that genetic and environmental factors can specifically perturb primordial follicle assembly. Here, we review the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which the mammalian ovarian reserve is established, highlighting the presence of a crucial checkpoint that allows survival of only the highest-quality oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn J Grive
- Brown University, MCB Graduate Program, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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Qin Y, Jiao X, Simpson JL, Chen ZJ. Genetics of primary ovarian insufficiency: new developments and opportunities. Hum Reprod Update 2015; 21:787-808. [PMID: 26243799 PMCID: PMC4594617 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmv036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 323] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is characterized by marked heterogeneity, but with a significant genetic contribution. Identifying exact causative genes has been challenging, with many discoveries not replicated. It is timely to take stock of the field, outlining the progress made, framing the controversies and anticipating future directions in elucidating the genetics of POI. METHODS A search for original articles published up to May 2015 was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar, identifying studies on the genetic etiology of POI. Studies were included if chromosomal analysis, candidate gene screening and a genome-wide study were conducted. Articles identified were restricted to English language full-text papers. RESULTS Chromosomal abnormalities have long been recognized as a frequent cause of POI, with a currently estimated prevalence of 10-13%. Using the traditional karyotype methodology, monosomy X, mosaicism, X chromosome deletions and rearrangements, X-autosome translocations, and isochromosomes have been detected. Based on candidate gene studies, single gene perturbations unequivocally having a deleterious effect in at least one population include Bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15), Progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1), and Fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) premutation on the X chromosome; Growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9), Folliculogenesis specific bHLH transcription factor (FIGLA), Newborn ovary homeobox gene (NOBOX), Nuclear receptor subfamily 5, group A, member 1 (NR5A1) and Nanos homolog 3 (NANOS3) seem likely as well, but mostly being found in no more than 1-2% of a single population studied. Whole genome approaches have utilized genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to reveal loci not predicted on the basis of a candidate gene, but it remains difficult to locate causative genes and susceptible loci were not always replicated. Cytogenomic methods (array CGH) have identified other regions of interest but studies have not shown consistent results, the resolution of arrays has varied and replication is uncommon. Whole-exome sequencing in non-syndromic POI kindreds has only recently begun, revealing mutations in the Stromal antigen 3 (STAG3), Synaptonemal complex central element 1 (SYCE1), minichromosome maintenance complex component 8 and 9 (MCM8, MCM9) and ATP-dependent DNA helicase homolog (HFM1) genes. Given the slow progress in candidate-gene analysis and relatively small sample sizes available for GWAS, family-based whole exome and whole genome sequencing appear to be the most promising approaches for detecting potential genes responsible for POI. CONCLUSION Taken together, the cytogenetic, cytogenomic (array CGH) and exome sequencing approaches have revealed a genetic causation in ∼20-25% of POI cases. Uncovering the remainder of the causative genes will be facilitated not only by whole genome approaches involving larger cohorts in multiple populations but also incorporating environmental exposures and exploring signaling pathways in intragenic and intergenic regions that point to perturbations in regulatory genes and networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Qin
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan 250001, China
| | - Xue Jiao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan 250001, China
| | - Joe Leigh Simpson
- Research and Global Programs March of Dimes Foundation, White Plains, NY, USA Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan 250001, China Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
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