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Jung JY, Oh CM, Jo HC, Park SK. Predictive ability of the Chinese visceral adiposity index for incident hypertension in working-aged Koreans. Epidemiol Health 2024; 46:e2024034. [PMID: 38453332 PMCID: PMC11176715 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2024034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) was developed to assess visceral adipose tissue in the Asian population. This study evaluated the predictive ability of the CVAI for incident hypertension in Korean adults. METHODS The study participants included 128,577 Koreans without hypertension. They were grouped in quartiles according to body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), visceral adipose index (VAI), and CVAI values. The Cox proportional hazard assumption was used to evaluate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for incident hypertension (adjusted HR [95% CI]) according to quartile level across a follow-up period of 6.9 years. Subgroup analyses were conducted by gender and obesity. The area under the curve was calculated to compare the predictive abilities of all indices (BMI, WC, VAI, and CVAI) for incident hypertension. RESULTS The CVAI was proportionally associated with the risk of hypertension in all participants (quartile 1: reference; quartile 2: 1.71 [95% CI, 1.59 to 1.82]; quartile 3: 2.41 [95% CI, 2.25 to 2.58]; and quartile 4: 3.46 [95% CI, 3.23 to 3.71]). Time dependent receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that the CVAI was superior to BMI, WC, and VAI in predicting hypertension at the 2-year, 4-year, 6-year, and 8-year follow-ups. This finding was also observed in the gender and obesity subgroups. The predictive ability of the CVAI was greater in the women and non-obese subgroups than in the men and obese subgroups. CONCLUSIONS The CVAI was a stronger predictor of hypertension than BMI, WC, and VAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Young Jung
- Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Mo Oh
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun chul Jo
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Jo Hyun Chul Private Clinic, Gimpo, Korea
| | - Sung Keun Park
- Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Center for Cohort Studies, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Zhang J, Jia L, Zhu T, Zhu H, Shu L. The relationship and interaction between triglyceride glucose index and obesity in the risk of prehypertension population: a cross-sectional study from a survey in Anhui, Eastern China. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:336. [PMID: 37393221 PMCID: PMC10314550 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03365-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index has been regarded as an effective proxy of Insulin resistance (IR). Studies on the TyG index, obesity and the risk of prehypertension (PHT) in elderly people are not apparent currently. The study sought to investigate the predictive value of TyG index and the associations with PHT risk and obesity. METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Bengbu City, Anhui province, China. Participants older than 65 years accepted questionnaire surveys, physical examinations and blood biochemistry tests. Based on the testing results, indicators including BMI (body mass index), WC (waist circumference), WHtR (waist-to-height-ratio), LAP(Lipid accumulation products) and TyG were calculated. Residents were classified into quartiles by their TyG indexes. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was carried out to predict obesity indices for PHT. The three additive interaction indicators, RERI (relative excess risk due to interaction), AP (attributable proportion due to interaction) and S (synergy index) were used to assess the interaction impacts. RESULTS Two thousand six hundred sixty-six eligible elderly people were included in study and the prevalence of PHT was 71.04% (n = 1894). With increasing TyG index quartile, PHT became more prevalent. After adjusting for confounding factors, the prevalence of PHT risk with TyG levels in the fourth quartile (Q4, male: 2.83, 95%CI: 1.77-4.54; female: 2.75, 95%CI:1.91-3.97) was greater than that in the first quartile (Q1:ref). TyG index (AUC: 0.626, 95%CI: 0.602 to 0.650) was superior than BMI (AUC: 0.609, 95%CI: 0.584 to 0.633) in predicting PHT among females. Eventually, there were significant interactions of TyG index with obesity in males (General obesity: AP = 0.87, 95%CI: 0.72 to 1.02, S = 10.48, 95%CI: 3.43 to 31.97; Abdominal obesity: AP = 0.60,95%CI: 0.38 to 0.83, S = 3.53, 95%CI: 1.99 to 6.26) and females (General obesity: AP = 0.89, 95%CI: 0.79 to 0.98, S = 12.46, 95%CI: 5.61 to 27.69; Abdominal obesity: AP = 0.66, 95%CI: 0.51 to 0.82, S = 3.89, 95%CI:2.54 to 5.98). CONCLUSION TyG index and PHT risk are tightly correlated. The risk of chronic disease in the elderly can be decreased by early detection of PHT utilizing the TyG index. In this research, the TyG index was more predictable than other indicators of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaye Zhang
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Road, Bengbu, 233030 Anhui Province China
| | - Linlin Jia
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Road, Bengbu, 233030 Anhui Province China
| | - Tongying Zhu
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Road, Bengbu, 233030 Anhui Province China
| | - Hao Zhu
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Road, Bengbu, 233030 Anhui Province China
| | - Li Shu
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Road, Bengbu, 233030 Anhui Province China
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Kang SY, Park HS. Gender Differences in Comorbidities and Attitudes Regarding Weight Control among Young Adults with Obesity in Korea. Obes Facts 2022; 15:581-589. [PMID: 35417917 PMCID: PMC9421701 DOI: 10.1159/000524381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity in young adulthood increases the risk for premature death, and the prevalence of obesity rapidly increasing among young adults, particularly in young men. We evaluated the gender differences in accompanying comorbidities and attitudes regarding weight control among young Korean adults with obesity. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed 2,050 young adults with obesity (1,325 men and 725 women) in the 7th KNHANES (2016-2018) aged 19-44 years, with body mass indexes (BMIs) ≥25.0 kg/m2. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for poor lifestyle factors and accompanying illnesses as well as self-perceived weight status, weight control efforts, and weight control strategies in men compared to those in women were calculated by multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The mean BMIs and waist circumferences were 28.2 ± 0.1 kg/m2 and 93.6 ± 0.2 cm and 28.6 ± 0.1 kg/m2 and 88.7 ± 0.4 cm, in men and women, respectively. The ORs and 95% CIs for abdominal obesity (1.52, 1.11-2.07), hypertension (3.11, 2.20-4.40), hypercholesterolemia (1.45, 1.09-1.93), hypertriglyceridemia (3.37, 2.38-4.78), and elevated alanine transaminase concentration (6.53, 4.56-9.36) were higher in young men compared to those in young women. Despite the higher prevalences of comorbid conditions, the odds of inappropriate weight perception (8.13, 4.17-15.86), lack of weight control efforts (2.20, 1.71-2.84), lack of diet therapy (1.56, 1.13-2.16), lack of pharmacotherapy (13.27, 6.82-25.79), heavy drinking (1.32, 1.02-1.72), current smoking (6.92, 5.00-9.59), and frequent eating out (4.38, 3.35-5.71) were higher among men. However, the odds of not engaging in exercise (0.48, 0.35-0.64) were lower among men compared to that in women. DISCUSSION Despite their higher prevalences of comorbidities, appropriate weight perception and weight control efforts are insufficient in young men with obesity. These gender differences should be considered to provide tailored programs for weight reduction in young adults with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Young Kang
- International Healthcare Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Soon Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- *Hye Soon Park,
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Li B, Wang J, Zhou X, Liu Y, Wang W, Gao Z, Tang X, Yan L, Wan Q, Luo Z, Qin G, Chen L, Ning G, Mu Y. Chinese Visceral Adiposity Index Is More Closely Associated With Hypertension and Prehypertension Than Traditional Adiposity Indices in Chinese Population: Results From the REACTION Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:921997. [PMID: 35846316 PMCID: PMC9280650 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.921997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The optimal adiposity index that is strongly associated with hypertension or prehypertension remains inconclusive in Chinese population. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) and hypertension and prehypertension, as well as to compare the discriminative power of CVAI, visceral adiposity index (VAI), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist to height ratio (WHtR), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) with hypertension and prehypertension in Chinese general population. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 34732 participants from REACTION study were recruited. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to detect the association between adiposity indices (CVAI, VAI, BMI, WC, WHtR, WHR, LDL-C) and hypertension and prehypertension. RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with other obesity indices, CVAI remained significantly associated with hypertension and prehypertension (Hypertension: odds ratio (OR) 3.475, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.158-3.824, p<0.001 in total subjects; OR 2.762, 95% CI 2.369-3.221, p<0.001 in men; OR 3.935, 95% CI 3.465-4.469, p<0.001 in women, Prehypertension: OR 2.747, 95% CI 2.460-3.068, p<0.001 in total subjects; OR 2.605, 95% CI 2.176-3.119, p<0.001 in men; OR 2.854, 95% CI 2.465-3.304, p<0.001 in women).In a stratified analysis, CVAI was significantly associated with hypertension and prehypertension at any level of blood glucose, age or estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR). CONCLUSION CVAI is significantly associated with hypertension and prehypertension. CVAI shows the superior discriminative ability for hypertension and prehypertension compared with VAI, BMI, WC, WHtR, WHR and LDL-C in Chinese general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binqi Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Endocrinology, First Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Graduate School, Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- The Second Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Graduate School, Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Eighth Medical Center of People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weiqing Wang
- Shanghai National Research Centre for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengnan Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Dalian Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Xulei Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan University Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, Southwest Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Luzhou, China
| | - Zuojie Luo
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Guijun Qin
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Wuhan Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guang Ning
- Shanghai National Research Centre for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Mu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Endocrinology, First Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yiming Mu,
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Abstract
Kidney pathophysiology is influenced by gender. Evidence suggests that kidney damage is more severe in males than in females and that sexual hormones contribute to this. Elevated prolactin concentration is common in renal impairment patients and is associated with an unfavorable prognosis. However, PRL is involved in the osmoregulatory process and promotes endothelial proliferation, dilatation, and permeability in blood vessels. Several proteinases cleavage its structure, forming vasoinhibins. These fragments have antagonistic PRL effects on endothelium and might be associated with renal endothelial dysfunction, but its role in the kidneys has not been enough investigated. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to describe the influence of sexual dimorphism and gonadal hormones on kidney damage, emphasizing the role of the hormone prolactin and its cleavage products, the vasoinhibins.
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Ge Q, Qi Z, Xu Z, Li M, Zheng H, Duan X, Chu M, Zhuang X. Comparison of different obesity indices related with hypertension among different sex and age groups in China. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:793-801. [PMID: 33549448 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To compare the relationships of five obesity-related routine anthropometric indicators (body mass index (BMI), body adiposity index (BAI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR)) for hypertension in both sexes and among different age groups of the Chinese population. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 12,064 adult participants (5638 males and 6426 females) were included. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals were used with binary logistic regression models to estimate the risk of hypertension for each obesity index. For the males, WHtR had the highest OR value in all age groups. The degrees of correlation between hypertension and the obesity indices for different age groups were different among the females. WC, BMI, and WHtR were the highest in the 18-44, 45-59, and ≥60 years age groups, respectively. Furthermore, we compared the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of each obesity index for the criterion of hypertension under the influence of risk factors. For the males, the AUC of WHtR was the largest (0.814, 0.710, and 0.662). WC (AUC = 0.820), BMI (AUC = 0.765), and WHtR (AUC = 0.668) tended to be the best criteria for hypertension among females in the 18-44, 45-59, and ≥60 years age groups respectively. In addition, BAI, as an obesity indicator proposed in recent years, has a positive association with hypertension except in 18-44 years women, which was not stronger than other obesity indicators. CONCLUSIONS For males, WHtR appears to be the best obesity index related with hypertension. For young, middle-aged, and elderly women, the best obesity indices related with hypertension are WC, BMI, and WHtR, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwei Ge
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhigang Qi
- Center for Disease Control of Chongchuan District, Nantong, China
| | - Zhengcheng Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Huiyan Zheng
- Center for Disease Control of Chongchuan District, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaoyang Duan
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Minjie Chu
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xun Zhuang
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
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7
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Wagata M, Kogure M, Nakaya N, Tsuchiya N, Nakamura T, Hirata T, Narita A, Metoki H, Ishikuro M, Kikuya M, Tanno K, Fukushima A, Yaegashi N, Kure S, Yamamoto M, Kuriyama S, Hozawa A, Sugawara J. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, obesity, and hypertension in later life by age group: a cross-sectional analysis. Hypertens Res 2020; 43:1277-1283. [PMID: 32404963 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-020-0463-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We investigated whether the association between a history of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and hypertension in later life varies by age group and the effect of obesity on the association between a history of HDP and hypertension in later life. This cross-sectional population-based study was conducted at the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project in Miyagi and Iwate, Japan. The study subjects were 33,412 parous women of 20 years of age and older. We used multivariate logistic regression analysis to assess the association between a history of HDP and hypertension. We constructed a composite variable that combined a history of HDP (±) and overweight/obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) (±), resulting in four categories, and analyzed the risks of each category by multivariate logistic regression analysis. In total, 1585 (4.7%) women had a history of HDP. The prevalence of hypertension was higher in women with HDP (51.4%) than in those without HDP (36.8%; p < 0.01). The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for hypertension in women with HDP in their 30s, 40s, 50s, 60s, and 70s or older were 3.63, 1.84, 2.15, 1.48, and 1.86, respectively. In the interaction analysis, the association between a history of HDP and hypertension was stronger in women in their 30s-50s than in women who were 60 or older (p = 0.057). The adjusted ORs for hypertension were higher in overweight/obese women with HDP than in their nonoverweight/obese counterparts in all age groups (30s: 27.17 vs. 2.22; 70s: 4.75 vs. 1.90). In conclusion, the association between HDP and later hypertension was stronger in younger women and in obese women in the 30-70 age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Wagata
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Tohoku University Hospital, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mana Kogure
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakaya
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Saitama Prefectural University, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Naho Tsuchiya
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nakamura
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takumi Hirata
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akira Narita
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hirohito Metoki
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Tohoku Medical Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mami Ishikuro
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kikuya
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kozo Tanno
- Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan.,School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Akimune Fukushima
- Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan.,School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Nobuo Yaegashi
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Tohoku University Hospital, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shigeo Kure
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Tohoku University Hospital, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shinichi Kuriyama
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hozawa
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Junichi Sugawara
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan. .,Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
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Wang S, Peng R, Liang S, Dong K, Nie W, Yang Q, Ma N, Zhang J, Wang K, Song C. Comparison of adiposity indices in relation to prehypertension by age and gender: A community-based survey in Henan, China. Clin Cardiol 2018; 41:1583-1592. [PMID: 30284305 DOI: 10.1002/clc.23086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To compare the efficiency of bioelectrical indices (visceral fat index [VFI], percentage body fat [PBF]) and anthropometric indices (body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, a body shape index ) in the relation to prehypertension (120-139/80-89 mm Hg) among the Chinese population. METHODS Using stratified multistage random sampling method, a general population-based sample of 11 175 adults in Henan province were selected from 2013 to 2015. The individuals were divided into three categories by blood pressure levels: normotension (<120 and 80 mm Hg), stage 1 prehypertension (120-129/80-84 mm Hg) and stage 2 prehypertension (130-139/85-89 mm Hg). RESULTS VFI and PBF tended to increase with age in men and women. However, for each age-specific group, men tended to have higher VFI than women (all P < 0.01) and women tended to have greater PBF (all P < 0.0001). The odds ratios (OR) and area under the receiver operating characteristic curves for prehypertension associated with adiposity indices declined with age. VFI and PBF showed higher standardized adjusted ORs for prehypertension in young (~40 years) men (VFI: 2.02-3.05; PBF: 1.82-2.80) and young women (VFI: 1.90-2.58; PBF:1.70-2.29). Moreover, based on Youden's index, VFI and PBF exhibited the superiority for identifying prehypertension in men (0.20-0.32) and women (0.31-0.39), respectively. CONCLUSION In summary, there was stronger association of VFI and PBF with prehypertension in men than in women, respectively, especially for young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaibing Wang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rui Peng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Kaiyan Dong
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China.,Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Nie
- Henan Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Nan Ma
- Henan Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kaijuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chunhua Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
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Ding DC, Tsai IJ, Hsu CY, Wang JH, Lin SZ, Sung FC. Risk of hypertension after hysterectomy: a population-based study. BJOG 2018; 125:1717-1724. [PMID: 29953717 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.15389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D-C Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital; Tzu Chi Medical Foundation; Tzu Chi University; Hualien Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Sciences; Tzu Chi University; Hualien Taiwan
| | - I-J Tsai
- Management Office for Health Data; China Medical University Hospital; Taichung Taiwan
- College of Medicine; China Medical University; Taichung Taiwan
| | - CY Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science; China Medical University; Taichung Taiwan
| | - J-H Wang
- Department of Research; Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital; Tzu Chi Medical Foundation; Tzu Chi University; Hualien Taiwan
| | - S-Z Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery; Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital; Tzu Chi Medical Foundation; Tzu Chi University; Hualien Taiwan
| | - F-C Sung
- Management Office for Health Data; China Medical University Hospital; Taichung Taiwan
- Department of Health Services Administration; China Medical University; Taichung Taiwan
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Subasinghe AK, Wark JD, Gorelik A, Callegari ET, Garland SM. The association between inflammation, obesity and elevated blood pressure in 16-25-year-old females. J Hum Hypertens 2017; 31:580-584. [PMID: 28447628 DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2017.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
There is evidence to show an association between inflammation, obesity and elevated blood pressure. However, there is limited data for this relationship in adolescent females. We aimed to investigate the association between high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and elevated blood pressure in young Australian females. Women aged 16-25 years living in Victoria were randomly recruited via targeted Facebook advertising. Socio-demographic information was collected via a web-based questionnaire. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were conducted by trained staff. Hs-CRP was assessed using the Abbott Architect assay. The demographic data were collected from 639 females (mean ±s.d. age: 22±3). The blood pressure data were available for 502 participants. Approximately 28% had elevated blood pressure (defined by a blood pressure reading ⩾120-139/80-89 mm Hg for adults and >90th and <95th percentiles for age, sex and height for adolescents). Approximately 24% had hs-CRP >3.0 mg l-1 and 30% were overweight or obese. In multivariable logistic regression analyses, obese females (OR: 5.5, 95% CI: 2.4-12.5, P<0.001) were more likely to have elevated blood pressure compared with those with a body mass index (BMI) in the normal range. Elevated hs-CRP levels were associated with an increased odds of elevated blood pressure (OR: 3.4, 95% CI: 1.8-6.3, P<0.001). However, this association was no longer significant after adjustment for BMI. Findings from this study demonstrate that hs-CRP and obesity are associated with elevated blood pressure in young females. Thus, our findings may promote further research into the underlying mechanisms of these associations and related long-term health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Subasinghe
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Infection and Immunity Theme, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J D Wark
- Bone and Mineral Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Gorelik
- Melbourne EpiCentre, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - E T Callegari
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S M Garland
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Infection and Immunity Theme, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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11
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Bao X, Meng G, Zhang Q, Liu L, Wu H, Du H, Shi H, Xia Y, Guo X, Liu X, Han P, Dong R, Wang X, Li C, Su Q, Gu Y, Fang L, Yu F, Yang H, Kang L, Ma Y, Yu B, Ma X, Sun S, Wang X, Zhou M, Jia Q, Guo Q, Song K, Wang G, Huang G, Niu K. Elevated serum complement C3 levels are associated with prehypertension in an adult population. Clin Exp Hypertens 2017; 39:42-49. [PMID: 28055286 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2016.1210622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bao
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ge Meng
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Liu
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huanmin Du
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongbin Shi
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Xia
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Peipei Han
- Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Renwei Dong
- Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiuyang Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunlei Li
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Su
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yeqing Gu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liyun Fang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huijun Yang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Kang
- Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yixuan Ma
- Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyu Ma
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaomei Sun
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiyu Jia
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Kun Song
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - GuoLin Wang
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Guowei Huang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Kaijun Niu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Non-communicable Disease, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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12
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Guo Y, Yue XJ, Li HH, Song ZX, Yan HQ, Zhang P, Gui YK, Chang L, Li T. Overweight and Obesity in Young Adulthood and the Risk of Stroke: a Meta-analysis. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2016; 25:2995-3004. [PMID: 27618195 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A systematic review assessing the association between overweight and obesity in young adulthood and stroke risk is lacking. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the association between overweight and obesity in young adulthood and stroke risk. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed and Embase databases for related studies of human subjects in the English language. Two investigators independently selected original studies in a 2-step process. Fixed- and random-effects models were used to calculate pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses were also performed. RESULTS Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled adjusted RR of stroke was 1.36 (95% CI: 1.28-1.44) for overweight in young adulthood and 1.81 (95% CI: 1.45-2.25) for obesity in young adulthood. In subgroup analyses, overweight and obesity in young adulthood increased the risk of stroke in most groups, except for the group of stroke subtype. For ischemic stroke, the adjusted RR was 1.40 (95% CI: 1.24-1.58) for overweight in young adulthood and 1.78 (95% CI: 1.003-3.16) for obesity in young adulthood, whereas adjusted RR for hemorrhagic stroke was 1.25 (95% CI: .83-1.90) for overweight in young adulthood and 1.80 (95% CI: .97-3.35) for obesity in young adulthood. CONCLUSIONS Overweight and obesity in young adulthood are associated with an increased risk of stroke, probably, independent of other cardiovascular risk factors. The risk effect gradually increases with increasing body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Guo
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xue-Jing Yue
- Clinical Skills Training Center, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - He-Hua Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, Henan, China
| | - Zhi-Xiu Song
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, Henan, China
| | - Hai-Qing Yan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, Henan, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, Henan, China
| | - Yong-Kun Gui
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, Henan, China
| | - Li Chang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, Henan, China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
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13
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Comparison of visceral and body fat indices and anthropometric measures in relation to untreated hypertension by age and gender among Chinese. Int J Cardiol 2016; 219:204-11. [PMID: 27327508 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to compare the efficiency of bioelectrical indices (percentage body fat, PBF; visceral fat index, VFI) and various anthropometric measures (body mass index, BMI; waist circumference, WC; waist-to-height ratio, WHtR) on determining hypertension in Chinese. METHODS We conducted the community-based cross-sectional survey during August of 2013 to August of 2015 in 66 sample sites selected by multistage random sampling method from Henan province. 14,364 residents were included in the study. RESULTS In both genders, VFI and PBF tended to rise with age. However, for each age-specific group, men consistently had significantly greater VFI than women (all P<0.0001) and women had considerably higher PBF (all P<0.0001). The odds ratios and area under the ROC curves (AUCs) for hypertension associated with adiposity indices decreased with age. In younger (15~34year) men and women, VFI had the highest crude (2.43-7.95) and adjusted (2.40-11.63) odds ratio for hypertension. The AUCs for PBF, VFI and WHtR were significantly larger than those for BMI and WC (all P<0.01). Whereas no statistically significant difference were found in AUCs among PBF, VFI and WHtR (all P>0.10). Additionally, VFI and PBF yielded the greatest Youden index in identifying hypertension in men (0.27) and women (0.34), respectively. Optimal cutoffs for VFI/PBF were 11.70/24.45 and 7.55/33.65 in men and women, respectively. CONCLUSIONS VFI and PBF could be better candidates for identifying hypertension in men and women, respectively. Adolescents and young adults should be highlighted in preventing hypertension by control of excess body and visceral fat.
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Onat A, Karadeniz Y, Tusun E, Yüksel H, Kaya A. Advances in understanding gender difference in cardiometabolic disease risk. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2016; 14:513-23. [PMID: 26849352 DOI: 10.1586/14779072.2016.1150782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Gender differences exist in cardiovascular or metabolic disease risk, beyond the protective effect of estrogens, mostly burdening the postmenopausal female. We aimed to review herein sex differences in pro-inflammatory states, the independence of inflammation from insulin resistance, differences in high-density lipoprotein dysfunction, in gene-environment interactions, and in the influence of current and former smoking on cardiometabolic risk. Sex differences in absorption of long-chain fatty acids are highlighted. Differences exist in the first manifestation of cardiovascular disease, men being more likely to develop coronary heart disease as a first event, compared to women who have cerebrovascular disease or heart failure as a first event. Autoimmune activation resulting from pro-inflammatory states, a fundamental mechanism for numerous chronic diseases in people prone to metabolic syndrome, is much more common in women, and these constitute major determinants. Therapeutic approaches to aspects related to sex difference are briefly reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altan Onat
- a Department of Cardiology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty , Istanbul University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Yusuf Karadeniz
- b Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical Faculty , Atatürk University , Erzurum , Turkey
| | - Eyyup Tusun
- c Mehmet Akif İnan Training Hospital, Şanlıurfa, Department of Cardiology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty , Istanbul University
| | - Hüsniye Yüksel
- a Department of Cardiology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty , Istanbul University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Ayşem Kaya
- d Institute of Cardiology , Istanbul University , Istanbul , Turkey
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15
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Selovic A, Sarac J, Missoni S. Changes in adipose tissue distribution during pregnancy estimated by ultrasonography. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2015; 29:2131-7. [DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2015.1077220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jelena Sarac
- Institute for Anthropological Research, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sasa Missoni
- Institute for Anthropological Research, Zagreb, Croatia
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16
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Jiang L, Mo D, Yang R, Ye Q, Wu J, Yu G, Xu J, Pan S. Joint effects of serum uric acid and body mass index on risk of prehypertension in Chinese population. Clin Chim Acta 2015; 446:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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He CH, Pan S, Ma YT, Yang YN, Ma X, Li XM, Xie X, Chen Y, Yu ZX, Chen BD, Zheng YY, Liu F. Optimal waist-to-height ratio cutoff values for predicting cardio-metabolic risk in Han and Uygur adults in northwest part of China. Eur J Clin Nutr 2015; 69:954-60. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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18
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Shin JK, Shortridge-Baggett LM, Sachmechi I, Barron C, Chiu YL, Bajracharya B, Bang H. Screening for type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with mental illness: application of a self-assessment score for diabetes mellitus risk. Psychiatry Res 2014; 220:1037-42. [PMID: 25223258 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Various methods for diabetes risk assessment have been developed over a decade, but they were not evaluated in patients with mental illness. This study examined the feasibility and utility of a self-assessment score for type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) risk among patients with mental illness. DM2 risk was assessed by patients with mental illness as well as clinicians via a self-assessment questionnaire, and the resulting scores were compared to each other as well as with actual diagnosis. Of 100 patients, nine patients were newly revealed to have DM2 and 34 patients have pre-DM2. Patients tended to underreport risk factors - obesity and physical activity - so perceived to have lower risk. Sensitivity of the self-assessment score was different when used by patients and by clinicians despite correlation coefficient of 0.82. Based on positive predictive values, we may expect one out of two patients who have high scores actually have DM2 or pre-DM2. Also, the discrimination capability was reasonably high (AUC=0.79), comparable to its performance observed in general populations. The self-assessment score has potential as a simple and adjunct tool to identify a high risk group of DM2/pre-DM2 among persons with mental illness, especially, when used together with health care providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinah K Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Elmhurst Hospital Center, 79-01, Broadway, Elmhurst, NY 11373, USA.
| | | | - Issac Sachmechi
- Department of Medicine, Queens Hospital Center, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Charles Barron
- Department of Psychiatry, Elmhurst Hospital Center, 79-01, Broadway, Elmhurst, NY 11373, USA
| | - Ya-Lin Chiu
- Everest Clinical Research, 150 Clove Road, Little Fall, NJ, USA
| | - Bhavana Bajracharya
- Department of Endocrinology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Heejung Bang
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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Wu H, Cheng XW, Hao C, Zhang Z, Yao H, Murohara T, Dai Q. Regulation of apelin and its receptor expression in adipose tissues of obesity rats with hypertension and cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Exp Anim 2014; 63:257-67. [PMID: 24770651 PMCID: PMC4160987 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.63.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The apelin/APJ system has been implicated in obesity-related hypertension. We
investigated the mechanism responsible for the pathogenesis of obesity-related
hypertension with a special focus on the crosstalk between AngII/its type 1 receptor
(AT1R) signaling and apelin/APJ expression. Sprague-Dawley rats fed a high-fat
(obesity-related hypertension, OH) or normal-fat diet (NF) for 15 weeks were randomly
assigned to one of two groups and administered vehicle or perindopril for 4 weeks.
Compared to the NF rats, the OH rats showed lower levels of plasma apelin and apelin/APJ
mRNAs of perirenal adipose tissues, and these changes were restored by perindopril.
Administration of the AT1R antagonist olmesartan resulted in the restoration of the
reduction of apelin and APJ expressions induced by AngII for 48 h in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
Among several inhibitors for extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) PD98059,
p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) SB203580 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
(PI3K) LY294002, the latter showed an additive effect on AngII-mediated inhibitory
effects. In addition, the levels of p-Akt, p-ERK and p38MAPK proteins were decreased by
long-term treatment with AngII (120 min), and these changes were restored by Olmesartan.
Apelin/APJ appears to be impaired in obesity-related hypertension. The AngII
inhibition-mediated beneficial effects are likely attributable, at least in part, to
restoration of p38/ERK-dependent apelin/APJ expression in diet-induced obesity-related
hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxian Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Doumas M, Papademetriou V, Faselis C, Kokkinos P. Gender differences in hypertension: myths and reality. Curr Hypertens Rep 2014; 15:321-30. [PMID: 23749317 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-013-0359-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Life expectancy is longer in women compared to men, and cardiovascular events occur at a lower rate and at a later age in females than males. The impact of gender on the prevalence, the presentation, and the long-term outcome of cardiovascular disease has long been a topic of active research. Gender differences have been found in several studies but opposite findings also exist. The impact of gender in hypertension and antihypertensive therapy remains poorly clarified. The prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rates of hypertension exhibit some differences between the two sexes, which are age-dependent. The female advantage in the cardiovascular risk of hypertensive patients might be attenuated by comorbidities and target organ damage. Another aspect of major clinical importance is whether gender differences exist on the effects of antihypertensive agents in blood pressure reduction and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The aim of this review is to critically evaluate recent data regarding gender differences in hypertension and incorporate new data into the body of existing knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Doumas
- Veteran Affairs Medical Center and George Washington University, 50 Irwing Street NW, Washington, DC 20422, USA.
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Figueroa A, Wong A, Kinsey A, Kalfon R, Eddy W, Ormsbee MJ. Effects of milk proteins and combined exercise training on aortic hemodynamics and arterial stiffness in young obese women with high blood pressure. Am J Hypertens 2014; 27:338-44. [PMID: 24300595 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpt224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and reduced muscle strength are associated with increased blood pressure (BP). We examined the impact of milk proteins and combined exercise training (CET) on BP, arterial function, and muscle strength (one-repetition maximum (1-RM)). METHODS Thirty-three obese sedentary women (age = 30 ± 1 years; body mass index = 35.2 ± 0.9 kg/m(2); systolic BP (SBP) = 129 ± 2 mm Hg) were randomized to control carbohydrate (n = 11), whey (n = 11), and casein (n = 11) supplementation for 4 weeks. All participants performed moderate-intensity CET 3 days/week. Brachial and aortic SBP, augmentation index adjusted for 75 beats/minute (AIx@75), arterial stiffness (brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV)), and 1-RM were measured before and after the interventions. RESULTS There were significant (P < 0.05) time-by-group interactions for brachial SBP (bSBP), aortic SBP (aSBP), AIx@75, and baPWV. Whey and casein supplementation significantly (P < 0.05) decreased bSBP (approximately 5mm Hg for both), aSBP (approximately 7 mm Hg and approximately 6mm Hg, respectively), AIx@75 (approximately 9.2% and approximately 8.1%, respectively) and baPWV (approximately 57 cm/s and approximately 53 cm/s, respectively) compared with no changes in the control group. Upper- (approximately 22.2%) and lower-body 1-RM (approximately 44.0%) increased similarly in all groups. Changes in arterial function and 1-RM were not correlated. CONCLUSIONS Milk protein supplementation with CET reduced SBP, wave reflection, and arterial stiffness in young obese women with prehypertension and hypertension. Because CET did not affect arterial function, milk proteins may have an antihypertensive effect by improving arterial function, as shown by reduced AIx@75 and baPWV. Muscle strength improvements after CET did not affect BP and arterial function. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrial.gov Registration NCT01830946.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Figueroa
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
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22
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Risk of progression to hypertension in nonhypertensive Japanese workers aged 20–64 years. J Hypertens 2014; 32:236-44. [DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000000031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Waist-to-height ratio and cardiovascular risk factors among Chinese adults in Beijing. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69298. [PMID: 23874938 PMCID: PMC3709905 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To examine whether waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) performed better than, body mass index (BMI) or waist circumference (WC) in relation to hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia among Chinese adults in Beijing. Methods A total of 5720 adults (2371 men and 3349 nonpregnant women) aged 18 to 79 years were selected from the general population in a cross-sectional study. Data from a standardized questionnaire, physical examination, and blood sample were obtained. Results The area under curve (AUC) values for WHtR (0.661–0.773) were significantly higher than those for BMI for all outcomes in both sexes, except that WHtR and BMI had similar AUCs for dyslipidemia in men. The AUCs for WHtR were significantly higher than those for WC with respect to hypertension in both sexes, and to diabetes in women. AUCs for the relationships between anthropometric indices and the three outcomes were larger in women than in men, and tended to decrease with age. Optimal cutoffs for WHtR were 0.51–0.53 and 0.48–0.50 in men and women, respectively. With regard to the current Chinese criteria for BMI (≥24 kg/m2), WC (≥90 cm for men, and ≥85 cm for women), and the recommended cutoff of WHtR (≥0.5), WHtR yielded the greatest odds ratio for hypertension and diabetes in both sexes, and dyslipidemia in women. BMI had the highest odds ratio for dyslipidemia in men. The odds ratios of anthropometric indices for hypertension and diabetes, but not for dyslipidemia, were higher in women than in men. The association between anthropometric indices and the three outcomes decreased with age. Conclusion WHtR performed better than BMI and WC for the association with hypertension and diabetes. More studies should be conducted to explore the age differences in the relationships between obesity indices and cardiovascular risk factors.
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Wakabayashi I. Necessity of both waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio for better evaluation of central obesity. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2013; 11:189-94. [PMID: 23451815 DOI: 10.1089/met.2012.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) has been shown to be a better discriminator of cardiovascular risk than waist circumference (WC). The purpose of this study was to determine whether cardiometabolic risk is increased in men showing large WC but not showing high WHtR. METHODS Subjects (26,017 middle-aged men) were divided into four groups of normal WC (<85 cm) and normal WHtR (<0.5), large WC (≥85 cm) but normal WHtR, normal WC but high WHtR (≥0.5), and large WC and high WHtR. Odds ratios (ORs) of each group versus the group with normal WC and normal WHtR for each cardiometabolic risk factor were calculated after adjustment for age, alcohol drinking, smoking, and regular exercise. RESULTS Subjects showing large WC but normal WHtR and subjects showing normal WC but high WHtR were 6.1% and 4.5%, respectively, of all subjects. ORs of subjects with large WC but normal WHtR versus subjects with normal WC and normal WHtR for hyperglycemia [1.80 (95% confidence interval, CI, 1.55- 2.09)], dyslipidemia [2.28 (95% CI 2.05-2.54)], high blood pressure [1.86 (95% CI 1.67-2.07)], and a cluster of these three risk factors [3.10 (95% CI 2.46-3.92)] were significantly higher than a reference level of 1.00 (p<0.01) and were comparable with the ORs of subjects with normal WC but high WHtR. CONCLUSION Cardiometabolic risk was significantly increased in subjects with large WC and normal WHtR, and thus it is recommended to use both WC and WHtR for a more correct diagnosis of central obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Wakabayashi
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
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Suglia SF, Clark CJ, Gary-Webb TL. Adolescent obesity, change in weight status, and hypertension: racial/ethnic variations. Hypertension 2012; 61:290-5. [PMID: 23248147 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.111.00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We sought to determine whether change in weight status between adolescence and young adulthood was associated with the risk of developing hypertension among adolescents and whether sex and racial/ethnic group differences existed in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. The sample was restricted to participants who self-identified as black, Hispanic, or white non-Hispanic (n=8543). Height and weight were measured in adolescence (mean 16 years) and again in adulthood (mean 29 years). We categorized the weight of participants into 4 groups: stayed normal weight; gained weight (normal weight in adolescence and obese in adulthood); lost weight (overweight/obese in adolescence nonobese in adulthood); and chronically overweight/obese. Hypertension was defined as measured systolic blood pressure of at least 140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure of at least 90 mm Hg measured in adulthood or use of antihypertensive medications. A higher risk of hypertension was noted for all sex and racial/ethnic groups who became obese in adulthood. Furthermore, those who were chronically overweight/obese were at higher risk of hypertension for all groups, with odds ratios ranging from 2.7 in Hispanic men to 6.5 in Hispanic women. Except for black men, those who lost weight during follow-up had no significant increased risk compared with those who maintained normal weight. Overall, there was an increased risk of hypertension for those who gained weight in adulthood and among those who remained obese from adolescence to young adulthood. These data give further evidence for prevention strategies that begin earlier in life to reduce or delay the onset of chronic disease in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakira F Suglia
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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