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Stäuber A, Dörr M, Piper C, Köster M, Lapp H, Richter S, Ohlow MA, Eckert S, Hoppe MW, Barroso MTC, Baulmann J. Invasively measured and estimated central blood pressure using the oscillometric algorithm Antares in patients with and without obesity. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294075. [PMID: 38096242 PMCID: PMC10721029 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a global health concern and risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The assessment of central blood pressure (cBP) has been shown to improve prediction of cardiovascular events. However, few studies have investigated the impact of obesity on cBP in adults, and invasive data on this issue are lacking. This study aimed to evaluate cBP differences between patients with and without obesity, identify cBP determinants, and evaluate the accuracy of the algorithm Antares for non-invasive cBP estimation. METHODS A total of 190 patients (25% female; 39% with BMI ≥30kg/m2; age: 67±12 years) undergoing elective cardiac catheterization were included. cBP was measured invasively and simultaneously estimated non-invasively using the custo screen 400 device with integrated Antares algorithm. RESULTS No significant cBP differences were found between obese and non-obese patients. However, females, especially those with obesity, had higher systolic cBP compared to males (P<0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that brachial mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure, BMI, and heart rate predicted cBP significantly (adjusted R2 = 0.82, P<0.001). Estimated cBP correlated strongly with invasive cBP for systolic, mean arterial, and diastolic cBP (r = 0.74-0.93, P<0.001) and demonstrated excellent accuracy (mean difference <5 and SD <8 mmHg). CONCLUSIONS This study discovered no significant difference in cBP between obese and non-obese patients. However, it revealed higher cBP values in women, especially those with obesity, which requires further investigation. Additionally, the study highlights Antares' effectiveness in non-invasively determining cBP in obese individuals. This could improve the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension in this special patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Stäuber
- Department of Movement and Training Science, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marcus Dörr
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Cornelia Piper
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Marco Köster
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Harald Lapp
- Department of Cardiology, Zentralklinik Bad Berka GmbH, Bad Berka, Germany
| | - Stefan Richter
- Department of Cardiology, SRH Klinikum Burgenlandkreis GmbH, Naumburg, Germany
| | | | - Siegfried Eckert
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
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Ware LJ, Maposa I, Kolkenbeck-Ruh A, Norris SA, Soepnel L, Crouch S, Kagura J, Naidoo S, Smith W, Davies J. Are cardiovascular health measures heritable across three generations of families in Soweto, South Africa? A cross-sectional analysis using the random family method. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e059910. [PMID: 36153021 PMCID: PMC9511591 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cardiovascular disease is increasing in many low and middle-income countries, including those in Africa. To inform strategies for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in South Africa, we sought to determine the broad heritability of phenotypic markers of cardiovascular risk across three generations. DESIGN A cross-sectional study conducted in a longitudinal family cohort. SETTING Research unit within a tertiary hospital in a historically disadvantaged, large urban township of South Africa. PARTICIPANTS 195 individuals from 65 biological families with all three generations including third-generation children aged 4-10 years were recruited from the longest running intergenerational cohort study in Africa, the Birth to Twenty Plus cohort. All adults (grandparents and parents) were female while children were male or female. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was heritability of blood pressure (BP; brachial and central pressures). Secondary outcomes were heritability of arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity), carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) and left ventricular mass indexed to body surface area (LVMI). RESULTS While no significant intergenerational relationships of BP or arterial stiffness were found, there were significant relationships in LVMI across all three generations (p<0.04), and in cIMT between grandparents and parents (p=0.0166). Heritability, the proportion of phenotypic trait variation attributable to genetics, was estimated from three common statistical methods and ranged from 23% to 44% for cIMT and from 21% to 39% for LVMI. CONCLUSIONS Structural indicators of vascular health, which are strong markers of future clinical cardiovascular outcomes, transmit between generations within African families. Identification of these markers in parents may be useful to trigger assessments of preventable risk factors for cardiovascular disease in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa J Ware
- SAMRC Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Human Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Innocent Maposa
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Andrea Kolkenbeck-Ruh
- SAMRC Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Genomics Research Unit, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Shane A Norris
- SAMRC Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Global Health Research Institute, School of Human Development and Health and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Larske Soepnel
- SAMRC Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Simone Crouch
- SAMRC Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Juliana Kagura
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sanushka Naidoo
- SAMRC Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Wayne Smith
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), MRC Research Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Justine Davies
- Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Wallenberg Research Centre at Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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3
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A Review of Vascular Traits and Assessment Techniques, and Their Heritability. Artery Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s44200-022-00016-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractVarious tools are available to assess atherosclerosis, arterial stiffening, and endothelial function. They offer utility in the assessment of hypertensive phenotypes, in cardiovascular risk prediction, and as surrogate endpoints in clinical trials. We explore the relative influence of participant genetics, with reference to large-scale genomic studies, population-based cohorts, and candidate gene studies. We find heritability estimates highest for carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT 35–65%), followed by pulse wave velocity as a measure of arterial stiffness (26–43%), and flow mediated dilatation as a surrogate for endothelial function (14–39%); data were lacking for peripheral artery tonometry. We furthermore examine genes and polymorphisms relevant to each technique. We conclude that CIMT and pulse wave velocity dominate the existing evidence base, with fewer published genomic linkages for measures of endothelial function. We finally make recommendations regarding planning and reporting of data relating to vascular assessment techniques, particularly when genomic data are also available, to facilitate integration of these tools into cardiovascular disease research.
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Benjamins JW, Yeung MW, van de Vegte YJ, Said MA, van der Linden T, Ties D, Juarez-Orozco LE, Verweij N, van der Harst P. Genomic insights in ascending aortic size and distensibility. EBioMedicine 2022; 75:103783. [PMID: 34968759 PMCID: PMC8718733 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in the anatomic and biomechanical properties of the ascending aorta (AAo) can give rise to various vascular pathologies. The aim of the current study is to gain additional insights in the biology of the AAo size and function. METHODS We developed an AI based analysis pipeline for the segmentation of the AAo, and the extraction of AAO parameters. We then performed genome-wide association studies of AAo maximum area, AAo minimum area and AAo distensibility in up to 37,910 individuals from the UK Biobank. Variants that were significantly associated with AAo phenotypes were used as instrumental variables in Mendelian randomization analyses to investigate potential causal relationships with coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, stroke and aneurysms. FINDINGS Genome-wide association studies revealed a total of 107 SNPs in 78 loci. We annotated 101 candidate genes involved in various biological processes, including connective tissue development (THSD4 and COL6A3). Mendelian randomization analyses showed a causal association with aneurysm development, but not with other vascular diseases. INTERPRETATION We identified 78 loci that provide insights into mechanisms underlying AAo size and function in the general population and provide genetic evidence for their role in aortic aneurysm development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Walter Benjamins
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Ming Wai Yeung
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherland
| | - Yordi J van de Vegte
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - M Abdullah Said
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Thijs van der Linden
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Daan Ties
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Luis E Juarez-Orozco
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherland
| | - Niek Verweij
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Pim van der Harst
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherland
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5
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Decreased heritability and emergence of novel genetic effects on pulse wave velocity from youth to young adulthood. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8911. [PMID: 33903696 PMCID: PMC8076172 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88490-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased arterial stiffness measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV) is an important parameter in the assessment of cardiovascular risk. Our previous longitudinal study has demonstrated that carotid-distal PWV showed reasonable stability throughout youth and young adulthood. This stability might be driven by genetic factors that are expressed consistently over time. We aimed to illustrate the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors to the stability of carotid-distal PWV from youth to young adulthood. We also examined potential ethnic differences. For this purpose, carotid-distal PWV was measured twice in 497 European American (EA) and African American (AA) twins, with an average interval time of 3 years. Twin modelling on PWV showed that heritability decreased over time (62–35%), with the nonshared environmental influences becoming larger. There was no correlation between the nonshared environmental factors on PWV measured at visit 1 and visit 2, with the phenotypic tracking correlation (r = 0.32) completely explained by shared genetic factors over time. Novel genetic influences were identified accounting for a significant part of the variance (19%) at the second measurement occasion. There was no evidence for ethnic differences. In summary, novel genetic effects appear during development into young adulthood and account for a considerable part of the variation in PWV. Environmental influences become larger with age for PWV.
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Associations between PHACTR1 gene polymorphisms and pulse pressure in Chinese Han population. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:224380. [PMID: 32420588 PMCID: PMC7276519 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20193779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A genome-wide association study (GWAS) in Chinese twins was performed to explore associations between genes and pulse pressure (PP) in 2012, and detected a suggestive association in the phosphatase and actin regulator 1 (PHACTR1) gene on chromosome 6p24.1 (rs1223397, P=1.04e−07). The purpose of the present study was to investigate associations of PHACTR1 gene polymorphisms with PP in a Chinese population. We recruited 347 subjects with PP ≥ 65 mmHg as cases and 359 subjects with 30 ≤ PP ≤ 45 mmHg as controls. Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the PHACTR1 gene were genotyped. Logistic regression was performed to explore associations between SNPs and PP in codominant, additive, dominant, recessive and overdominant models. The Pearson’s χ2 test was applied to assess the relationships of haplotypes and PP. The A allele of rs9349379 had a positive effect on high PP. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that rs9349379 was significantly related to high PP in codominant [AA vs GG, 2.255 (1.132–4.492)], additive [GG vs GA vs AA, 1.368 (1.049–1.783)] and recessive [AA vs GA + GG, 2.062 (1.051–4.045)] models. The positive association between rs499818 and high PP was significant in codominant [AA vs GG, 3.483 (1.044–11.613)] and recessive [AA vs GG + GA, 3.716 (1.119–12.339)] models. No significant association of haplotypes with PP was detected. There was no significant interaction between six SNPs without strong linkage. In conclusion, the present study presents that rs9349379 and rs499818 in the PHACTR1 gene were significantly associated with PP in Chinese population. Future research should be conducted to confirm them.
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Fishman B, Leiba A, Twig G, Shlomai G, Orr O, Landau R, Derazne E, Grossman E. Ethnic Variability Among Jews is Associated With Hypertension: Results of a Nationwide Study of 1.44 Million Adolescents. Am J Hypertens 2020; 33:175-181. [PMID: 31777921 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpz167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent hypertension is a major cardiovascular risk factor that may be related to ethnic variability. Contemporary Jews can be divided into three distinct ethnic groups: Ashkenazi, Oriental, and Sephardi origins. The aim of our study was to investigate the association of ethnicity and hypertension among Israeli adolescents. METHODS We conducted a population retrospective cohort study of males and females, aged 16-19, eligible for mandatory military service in the Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) between 1994 and 2013. Medical and sociodemographic data, including body mass index (BMI), age, years of education, residential socioeconomic status, and parents' country of birth, were retrieved. Ethnicity of the parents was based upon their country of birth. The examinees were assigned to a certain ethnicity only if both parents had the same ethnicity. Logistic regression models were applied to compute the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for hypertension among the different Jewish ethnicities. RESULTS The final cohort included 1,445,176 adolescents, of whom 716,289 were born to parents of the same Jewish ethnicity. Ashkenazi ethnicity was associated with an increased risk of hypertension compared to Sephardi and Oriental ethnicities (adjusted OR of 2.93 (95% CI, 2.52-3.41) and 1.56 (1.38-1.77), respectively). Oriental ethnicity was associated with an increased risk of hypertension compared with the Sephardi ethnicity (OR of 1.91 (1.60-2.27)). Similar results were observed in a sub-analysis, which included only Israeli-born examinees. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that ethnicity is significantly associated with hypertension among Jewish adolescents. Ashkenazi Jews had the highest risk of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Fishman
- Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Israel
- Internal Medicine D and Hypertension Unit, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Adi Leiba
- Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Israel
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Assuta Ashdod Academic Medical Center, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel
- Department of Medicine, Mount Auburn Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gilad Twig
- Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Military Medicine, The Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gadi Shlomai
- Internal Medicine D and Hypertension Unit, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- The Institute of Endocrinology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Omri Orr
- Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Israel
| | - Regev Landau
- Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Israel
- Internal Medicine D and Hypertension Unit, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Estela Derazne
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ehud Grossman
- Internal Medicine D and Hypertension Unit, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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The Hungarian Twin Registry Update: Turning From a Voluntary to a Population-Based Registry. Twin Res Hum Genet 2020; 22:561-566. [PMID: 31907087 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2019.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Since our last report on the voluntary Hungarian Twin Registry (HTR) in 2012, the number of pairs or multiplets included increased from 310 to 1044. Efforts to turn the registry into a population-based one are on the way. Nearly 128,000 twins living in Hungary (98,500 adults) will be mailed information on how to register on the new HTR website. Twins will be asked to invite their spouses and immediate family members. Meanwhile, strong cooperation through exchange programs has been developed with other foreign twin registries. Current research focuses on radiogenomics, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, gut microbiome as well as basic molecular research and yielded new awards and further publications.
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Tarnoki AD, Szalontai L, Fagnani C, Tarnoki DL, Lucatelli P, Maurovich-Horvat P, Jermendy AL, Kovacs A, Molnar AA, Godor E, Fejer B, Hernyes A, Cirelli C, Fanelli F, Farina F, Baracchini C, Meneghetti G, Gyarmathy AV, Jermendy G, Merkely B, Pucci G, Schillaci G, Stazi MA, Medda E. Genetic and environmental factors on heart rate, mean arterial pressure and carotid intima-media thickness: A longitudinal twin study. Cardiol J 2019; 28:431-438. [PMID: 31489962 DOI: 10.5603/cj.a2019.0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) are moderately heritable cardiovascular traits, but the environmental effects on the longitudinal change of their heritability have never been investigated. METHODS 368 Italian and Hungarian twins (107 monozygotic, 77 dizygotic) underwent oscillometric measurement and B-mode sonography of bilateral carotid arteries in 2009/2010 and 2014. Within- -individual/cross-study wave, cross-twin/within-study wave and cross-twin/cross-study wave correlations were estimated, and bivariate Cholesky models were fitted to decompose the total variance at each wave and covariance between study waves into additive genetic, shared and unique environmental components. RESULTS For each trait, a moderate longitudinal stability was observed, with within-individual/crosswave correlations of 0.42 (95% CI: 0.33-0.51) for HR, 0.34 (95% CI: 0.24-0.43) for MAP, and 0.23 (95% CI: 0.12-0.33) for cIMT. Cross-twin/cross-wave correlations in monozygotic pairs were all significant and substantially higher than the corresponding dizygotic correlations. Genetic continuity was the main source of longitudinal stability, with across-time genetic correlations of 0.52 (95% CI: 0.29-0.71) for HR, 0.56 (95% CI: 0.31-0.81) for MAP, and 0.36 (95% CI: 0.07-0.64) for cIMT. Overlapping genetic factors explained respectively 57%, 77%, and 68% of the longitudinal covariance of the HR, MAP and cIMT traits. CONCLUSIONS Genetic factors have a substantial role in the longitudinal change of HR, MAP and cIMT; however, the influence of unique environmental factors remains relevant. Further studies should better elucidate whether epigenetic mechanisms have a role in influencing the stability of the investigated traits over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam D Tarnoki
- Department of Radiology, Semmelweis University, 78/a Ulloi street, H-1082 Budapest, Hungary.,Hungarian Twin Registry, 29 Erdélyi street, 1212 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laszlo Szalontai
- Department of Radiology, Semmelweis University, 78/a Ulloi street, H-1082 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Corrado Fagnani
- Italian Twin Registry, Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health; Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - David L Tarnoki
- Department of Radiology, Semmelweis University, 78/a Ulloi street, H-1082 Budapest, Hungary.,Hungarian Twin Registry, 29 Erdélyi street, 1212 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Pierleone Lucatelli
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Unit, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Pal Maurovich-Horvat
- MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 18 Hataror street, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adam L Jermendy
- MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 18 Hataror street, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Kovacs
- MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 18 Hataror street, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrea Agnes Molnar
- MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 18 Hataror street, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Erika Godor
- Department of Radiology, Semmelweis University, 78/a Ulloi street, H-1082 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bence Fejer
- Department of Radiology, Semmelweis University, 78/a Ulloi street, H-1082 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anita Hernyes
- Department of Radiology, Semmelweis University, 78/a Ulloi street, H-1082 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Carlo Cirelli
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Unit, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Fanelli
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Unit, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Farina
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua School of Medicine, Via Giustiniani 5, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Claudio Baracchini
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua School of Medicine, Via Giustiniani 5, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Meneghetti
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua School of Medicine, Via Giustiniani 5, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Anna V Gyarmathy
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, MD 21205 Baltimore, United States
| | - Gyorgy Jermendy
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Bajcsy Zsilinszky Hospital, 89-91 Maglódi street, 1106 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bela Merkely
- MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 18 Hataror street, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Giacomo Pucci
- Università di Perugia, Unità di Medicina Interna, Ospedale, Viale Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100 Terni, Italy.,Struttura Complessa di Medicina Interna, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Terni, Terni, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Schillaci
- Università di Perugia, Unità di Medicina Interna, Ospedale, Viale Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100 Terni, Italy
| | - Maria A Stazi
- Italian Twin Registry, Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health; Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Medda
- Italian Twin Registry, Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health; Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Okamoto M, Shipley MJ, Wilkinson IB, McEniery CM, Valencia-Hernández CA, Singh-Manoux A, Kivimaki M, Brunner EJ. Does Poorer Pulmonary Function Accelerate Arterial Stiffening?: A Cohort Study With Repeated Measurements of Carotid-Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity. Hypertension 2019; 74:929-935. [PMID: 31378105 PMCID: PMC6756258 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.13183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Whether poorer pulmonary function accelerates progression of arterial stiffness remains unknown as prior observational studies have not examined longitudinal changes in arterial stiffness in relation to earlier pulmonary function. Data (N=5342, 26% female) were drawn from the Whitehall II cohort study. Participants completed repeated assessments of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1, L) and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV, m/s) over 5 years. The effect of FEV1 on later cf-PWV and its progression was estimated using linear mixed-effects modeling. Possible explanatory mechanisms, such as mediation by low-grade systemic inflammation, common-cause explanation by preexisting cardiometabolic risk factors, and reverse-causation bias, were assessed. Poorer pulmonary function was associated with later higher cf-PWV and its subsequent progression (cf-PWV 5-year change 0.09, 95% CI 0.03–0.17 per SD lower FEV1) after adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, heart rate, and mean arterial pressure. Decrease in pulmonary function was associated with later higher cf-PWV (0.17, 95% CI 0.04–0.30 in the top compared to bottom quartile of decline in FEV1). There was no evidence to support mediation by circulating CRP (C-reactive protein) or IL (interleukin)-6. Furthermore, arterial stiffness was not associated with later FEV1 after accounting for cardiometabolic status. In conclusion, poorer pulmonary function predicted future arterial stiffness. These findings support pulmonary function as a clinically important risk factor for arterial stiffness and provide justification for future intervention studies for pulmonary function based on its relationship with arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Okamoto
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, United Kingdom (M.O., M.J.S., C.A.V.-H., A.S.-M., M.K., E.J.B.).,Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan (M.O.)
| | - Martin J Shipley
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, United Kingdom (M.O., M.J.S., C.A.V.-H., A.S.-M., M.K., E.J.B.)
| | - Ian B Wilkinson
- Division of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.B.W., C.M.M.)
| | - Carmel M McEniery
- Division of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.B.W., C.M.M.)
| | - Carlos A Valencia-Hernández
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, United Kingdom (M.O., M.J.S., C.A.V.-H., A.S.-M., M.K., E.J.B.)
| | - Archana Singh-Manoux
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, United Kingdom (M.O., M.J.S., C.A.V.-H., A.S.-M., M.K., E.J.B.).,Inserm U1153, Epidemiology of Ageing and Neurodegenerative diseases, Paris, France (A.S.-M.)
| | - Mika Kivimaki
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, United Kingdom (M.O., M.J.S., C.A.V.-H., A.S.-M., M.K., E.J.B.)
| | - Eric J Brunner
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, United Kingdom (M.O., M.J.S., C.A.V.-H., A.S.-M., M.K., E.J.B.)
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11
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Kahn FK, Wake M, Lycett K, Clifford S, Burgner DP, Goldsmith G, Grobler AC, Lange K, Cheung M. Vascular function and stiffness: population epidemiology and concordance in Australian children aged 11-12 years and their parents. BMJ Open 2019; 9:34-43. [PMID: 31273014 PMCID: PMC6624058 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the epidemiology and parent-child concordance of vascular function in a population-based sample of Australian parent-child dyads at child age 11-12 years. DESIGN Cross-sectional study (Child Health CheckPoint), nested within a prospective cohort study, the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC). SETTING Assessment centres in seven major Australian cities and eight regional towns or home visits, February 2015-March 2016. PARTICIPANTS Of all participating CheckPoint families (n=1874), 1840 children (49% girls) and 1802 parents (88% mothers) provided vascular function data. Survey weights and methods were applied to account for LSAC's complex sample design and clustering within postcodes and strata. OUTCOME MEASURES The SphygmoCor XCEL assessed vascular function, generating estimates of brachial and central systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, central pulse pressure, augmentation index and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity. Pearson's correlation coefficients and multivariable linear regression models estimated parent-child concordance. RESULTS Hypertension was present in 3.9% of children and 9.0% of parents. Mean child and parent values for augmentation index were 4.5% (SD 11.6) and 21.3% (SD 12.3), respectively, and those for carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity were 4.48 m/s (SD 0.59) and 6.85 m/s (SD 1.14), respectively. Parent-child correlation for brachial systolic blood pressure was 0.20 (95% CI 0.15 to 0.24), brachial diastolic blood pressure 0.21 (95% CI 0.16 to 0.26), central systolic blood pressure 0.21 (95% CI 0.16 to 0.25), central diastolic blood pressure 0.21 (95% CI0.17 to 0.26), central pulse pressure 0.19 (95% CI 0.14 to 0.24), augmentation index 0.28 (95% CI 0.23 to 0.32) and pulse wave velocity 0.22 (95% CI 0.18 to 0.27). CONCLUSIONS We report Australian values for traditional and more novel vascular function markers, providing a reference for future population studies. Cross-generational concordance in multiple vascular function markers is already established by age 11-12 years, with mechanisms of heritability remaining to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freya K Kahn
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melissa Wake
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics and The Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kate Lycett
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Susan Clifford
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - David P Burgner
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Greta Goldsmith
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anneke C Grobler
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katherine Lange
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Cheung
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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12
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Genome-wide association study identifies loci for arterial stiffness index in 127,121 UK Biobank participants. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9143. [PMID: 31235810 PMCID: PMC6591384 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45703-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Arterial stiffness index (ASI) is a non-invasive measure of arterial stiffness using infra-red finger sensors (photoplethysmography). It is a well-suited measure for large populations as it is relatively inexpensive to perform, and data can be acquired within seconds. These features raise interest in using ASI as a tool to estimate cardiovascular disease risk as prior work demonstrates increased arterial stiffness is associated with elevated systolic blood pressure, and ASI is predictive of cardiovascular disease and mortality. We conducted genome-wide association studies (GWASs) for ASI in 127,121 UK Biobank participants of European-ancestry. Our primary analyses identified variants at four loci reaching genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10-8): TEX41 (rs1006923; P = 5.3 × 10-12), FOXO1 (rs7331212; P = 2.2 × 10-11), C1orf21 (rs1930290, P = 1.1 × 10-8) and MRVI1 (rs10840457, P = 3.4 × 10-8). Gene-based testing revealed three significant genes, the most significant gene was COL4A2 (P = 1.41 × 10-8) encoding type IV collagen. Other candidate genes at associated loci were also involved in smooth muscle tone regulation. Our findings provide new information for understanding the development of arterial stiffness.
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13
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Szily M, Tarnoki AD, Tarnoki DL, Kovacs DT, Forgo B, Lee J, Kim E, Sung J, Kunos L, Meszaros M, Muller V, Bikov A. Genetic influences on the onset of obstructive sleep apnoea and daytime sleepiness: a twin study. Respir Res 2019; 20:125. [PMID: 31208424 PMCID: PMC6580623 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1095-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is one of the major sources of the excessive daily sleepiness, cognitive dysfunction, and it increases cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Previous studies suggested a possible genetic influence, based on questionnaires but no objective genetic study was conducted to understand the exact variance underpinned by genetic factors. Methods Seventy-one Hungarian twin pairs involved from the Hungarian Twin Registry (48 monozygotic, MZ and 23 dizygotic, DZ pairs, mean age 51 ± 15 years) underwent overnight polysomnography (Somnoscreen Plus Tele PSG, Somnomedics GMBH, Germany). Apnoea hypopnea index (AHI), respiratory disturbance index (RDI) and oxygen desaturation index (ODI) were registered. Daytime sleepiness was measured with the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Bivariate heritability analysis was applied. Results The prevalence of OSA was 41% in our study population. The heritability of the AHI, ODI and RDI ranged between 69% and 83%, while the OSA, defined by an AHI ≥5/h, was itself 73% heritable. The unshared environmental component explained the rest of the variance between 17% and 31%. Daytime sleepiness was mostly determined by the environment, and the variance was influenced in 34% by the additive genetic factors. These associations were present after additional adjustment for body mass index. Conclusion OSA and the indices of OSA severity are heritable, while daytime sleepiness is mostly influenced by environmental factors. Further studies should elucidate whether close relatives of patients with OSA may benefit from early family risk based screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcell Szily
- Department of Radiology, Semmelweis University, 78/A Ulloi street, 1082, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adam D Tarnoki
- Department of Radiology, Semmelweis University, 78/A Ulloi street, 1082, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - David L Tarnoki
- Department of Radiology, Semmelweis University, 78/A Ulloi street, 1082, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Daniel T Kovacs
- Department of Radiology, Semmelweis University, 78/A Ulloi street, 1082, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bianka Forgo
- Department of Radiology, Semmelweis University, 78/A Ulloi street, 1082, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jooyeon Lee
- Complex Disease and Genome Epidemiology Branch, Department of Public Health Science, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunae Kim
- Complex Disease and Genome Epidemiology Branch, Department of Public Health Science, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohon Sung
- Complex Disease and Genome Epidemiology Branch, Department of Public Health Science, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Laszlo Kunos
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Martina Meszaros
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Veronika Muller
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andras Bikov
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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14
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Total brachial artery reactivity and first time incident coronary heart disease events in a longitudinal cohort study: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211726. [PMID: 30969969 PMCID: PMC6457482 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Brachial artery reactivity (BAR) is usually determined as the maximum brachial artery diameter (BAD) following release of an occluding pressure cuff compared to a BAD before cuff inflation. BAD early after cuff deflation can also serve as baseline for estimating total brachial artery reactivity (TBAR). We investigate whether TBAR is associated with first time coronary heart disease events. Methods Participants of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (n = 5499) consisting of whites, African-Americans, Chinese and Hispanics were followed longitudinally for a mean of 12.5 years. Brachial artery ultrasound was performed following five minutes of cuff occlusion at the forearm. TBAR was estimated from BAD following cuff release as the difference between maximum and minimum brachial artery diameters divided by the minimum diameter multiplied by 100%. TBAR was added to multivariable Cox proportional hazards models with Framingham risk factors as predictors and time to first coronary heart disease event as outcome. Results Average TBAR was 9.7% (9.7 SD). Mean age was 61.7 years, 50.9% women. Increased TBAR was associated with lower risk of CHD events with a hazard rate of 0.78 per SD increase (95% C.I. 0.67, 0.91; p = 0.001). A TBAR below the median of 7.87% (Inter Quartile Range: 4.16%, 13.0%) was associated with a 31% lower risk of coronary heart disease event (Hazard Ratio: 0.69; 95% C.I.: 0.55, 0.87). Conclusion TBAR is an independent predictor of first time coronary heart disease events and is exclusively measured after release of a blood pressure occlusion cuff.
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15
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Genetic and environmental determinants of longitudinal stability of arterial stiffness and wave reflection: a twin study. J Hypertens 2018; 36:2316-2323. [PMID: 30382956 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000001869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed at evaluating the impact of genetic and environmental factors on longitudinal changes in aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV) and aortic augmentation index (aAIx). METHOD Three hundred and sixty-eight Italian and Hungarian adult twins (214 monozygotic, 154 dizygotic) underwent repeated evaluations of aPWV and aAIx (TensioMed Arteriograph). Within-individual/cross-wave, cross-twin/within-wave and cross-twin/cross-wave correlations were calculated; bivariate Cholesky models were fitted to calculate additive genetic (A), shared environmental (C) and unique environmental (E) components. RESULTS For both aPWV and aAIx, cross-twin correlations in monozygotic pairs (r between 0.35 and 0.56) were all significant and always higher than in dizygotic pairs, both at wave 1 and at wave 2. Heritability and unshared environmental proportion of variance at each wave were substantially time-invariant for aPWV (heritability 0.51, 95% CI 0.36-0.63 at wave 1; 0.49, 95% CI 0.34-0.62 at wave 2), whereas for aAIx, we observed a diminished genetic effect (heritability 0.57, 95% CI 0.45-0.67 at wave 1; 0.37, 95% CI 0.21-0.51 at wave 2). Overlapping genetic factors explained a high proportion (0.88, 95% CI 0.61-1.00) of longitudinal covariance for aPWV, and had a relatively lower impact on aAIx (0.55, 95% CI 0.35-0.70). Genetic correlations of aPWV (r = 0.64, 95% CI 0.42-0.85) and aAIx (r = 0.70, 95% CI 0.52-0.87) between waves were lower than 1, suggesting a potential contribution of novel genetic variance on arterial stiffening. CONCLUSION Changes in aPWV and aAIx over time are largely genetically determined. Our results might stimulate further studies on genetic and epigenetic factors influencing the process of vascular ageing.
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16
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Bäckdahl J, Andersson DP, Eriksson-Hogling D, Caidahl K, Thorell A, Mileti E, Daub CO, Arner P, Rydén M. Long-Term Improvement in Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity After Weight Loss Can Be Predicted by White Adipose Tissue Factors. Am J Hypertens 2018; 31:450-457. [PMID: 29177471 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpx201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arterial stiffness, measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV), is linked to obesity, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality. Short-term weight loss improves PWV, but the long-term effects are unknown. We investigated the effect of pronounced long-term weight loss on PWV and whether anthropometric/metabolic parameters and/or white adipose tissue (WAT) phenotype could predict this change in PWV. METHODS Eighty-two obese subjects were examined before and 2 years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Analyses included anthropometrics, routine clinical chemistry, and hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Arterial stiffness was measured as aortic PWV (aPWV) using the Arteriograph device. WAT mass and distribution were assessed by dual-X-ray absorptiometry. Baseline visceral and subcutaneous WAT samples were obtained to measure adipocyte cell size. Transcriptomic profiling of subcutaneous WAT was performed in a subset of subjects (n = 30). RESULTS At the 2-year follow-up, there were significant decreases in body mass index (39.4 ± 3.5 kg/m2 vs. 26.6 ± 3.4 kg/m2; P < 0.0001) and aPWV (7.8 ± 1.5 m/s vs. 7.2 ± 1.4 m/s; P = 0.006). Multiple regression analyses showed that baseline subcutaneous adipocyte volume was associated with a reduction in aPWV (P = 0.014), after adjusting for confounders. Expression analyses of 52 genes implicated in arterial stiffness showed that only one, COL4A1, independently predicted improvements in aPWV after adjusting for confounders (P = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Bariatric surgery leads to long-term reduction in aPWV. This improvement can be independently predicted by subcutaneous adipocyte volume and WAT COL4A1 expression, which suggests that subcutaneous WAT has a role in regulating aPWV. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION Trial Number NCT01727245 (clinicaltrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper Bäckdahl
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, C2-94, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel P Andersson
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, C2-94, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Eriksson-Hogling
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, C2-94, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kenneth Caidahl
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, C8:27, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Thorell
- Department of Clinical Science, Danderyds Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, Ersta Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Enrichetta Mileti
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carsten O Daub
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Arner
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, C2-94, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Rydén
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, C2-94, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
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17
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Lucatelli P, Fagnani C, Tarnoki AD, Tarnoki DL, Sacconi B, Fejer B, Stazi MA, Salemi M, Cirelli C, d'Adamo A, Fanelli F, Catalano C, Maurovich-Horvat P, Jermendy AL, Jermendy G, Merkely B, Molnar AA, Pucci G, Schillaci G, Farina F, Meneghetti G, Baracchini C, Medda E. Genetic influence on femoral plaque and its relationship with carotid plaque: an international twin study. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2017; 34:531-541. [PMID: 29022127 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-017-1256-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
To disentangle genetic and environmental influences on the development of femoral plaques using a population of adult twins. To evaluate the potential role of shared genetic and environmental factors in the co-occurrence of femoral and carotid plaques. The sample included 566 twins belonging to 164 monozygotic (MZ) and 119 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs, who underwent peripheral arterial assessment by B-mode ultrasound in different centers. The variance in femoral plaques onset was due to genetic factors and the remaining 50% was explained by common (15%) and unique (35%) environmental factors. Findings on sidedness and number of femoral plaques indicated that also these traits were mainly under genetic control. No effect of common environment was found on plaques composition, and variability of this trait was explained by genetics (64%) and unique environment (36%). Covariation between the liabilities to carotid and femoral plaques was mainly attributed to shared genes (77%), with the remaining 23% explained by individual-specific environmental factors shared by the two districts. Inter-individual differences in plaque onset as well as in their number, sidedness and composition are mainly genetic in origin. The results on the cooccurrence of carotid and femoral plaque underline the genetic role in atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierleone Lucatelli
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Unit, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Anatomic Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Corrado Fagnani
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Adam Domonkos Tarnoki
- Department of Radiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Hungarian Twin Registry, Budapest, Hungary
| | - David Laszlo Tarnoki
- Department of Radiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Hungarian Twin Registry, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beatrice Sacconi
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Unit, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Anatomic Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Bence Fejer
- Department of Radiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Maria Antonietta Stazi
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Miriam Salemi
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Cirelli
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Unit, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Anatomic Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro d'Adamo
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Division, Department of Surgery "Paride Stefanini", Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Fanelli
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Unit, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Anatomic Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Catalano
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Unit, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Anatomic Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Pal Maurovich-Horvat
- MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adam L Jermendy
- MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gyorgy Jermendy
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Bajcsy Zsilinszky Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bela Merkely
- MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrea A Molnar
- MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Giacomo Pucci
- Unità di Medicina Interna, Ospedale 'S. Maria', Università di Perugia, Terni, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Schillaci
- Unità di Medicina Interna, Ospedale 'S. Maria', Università di Perugia, Terni, Italy
| | - Filippo Farina
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Giorgio Meneghetti
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Claudio Baracchini
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Emanuela Medda
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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18
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Xu X, Wang B, Ren C, Hu J, Greenberg DA, Chen T, Xie L, Jin K. Age-related Impairment of Vascular Structure and Functions. Aging Dis 2017; 8:590-610. [PMID: 28966804 PMCID: PMC5614324 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2017.0430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Among age-related diseases, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are major causes of death. Vascular dysfunction is a key characteristic of these diseases wherein age is an independent and essential risk factor. The present work will review morphological alterations of aging vessels in-depth, which includes the discussion of age-related microvessel loss and changes to vasculature involving the capillary basement membrane, intima, media, and adventitia as well as the accompanying vascular dysfunctions arising from these alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglai Xu
- 1Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,2Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Brian Wang
- 2Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Changhong Ren
- 2Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA.,4Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing, China
| | - Jiangnan Hu
- 2Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | | | - Tianxiang Chen
- 6Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Xie
- 3Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Kunlin Jin
- 2Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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20
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Prevalence of arterial stiffness and the risk of myocardial diastolic dysfunction in women. Biosci Rep 2016; 36:BSR20160276. [PMID: 27653526 PMCID: PMC5091468 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20160276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study reports markers of vascular function among a general female population and shows that left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) is significantly associated with pathological PWV (⩾9.7 m/s), a waist circumference >80 cm and age. The present study determines the prevalence of vascular dysfunction and arterial stiffness (ASt) in a female urban population by measuring the brachial augmentation index (AIx) and aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV). The study tests the hypothesis that the measurement of AIx and PWV is useful in addition to that of traditional cardiovascular risk factors when assessing the risk for left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD). This cross-sectional study recruited 965 women aged 25–75 years from 12 districts of Berlin. The ASt indices, brachial AIx, aortic PWV and the central blood pressure were measured by an oscillometric method. A randomly selected subgroup (n=343) was examined by echocardiography. Trans-mitral inflow E/A ratio and diastolic mitral annulus velocity (é) were assessed. Questionnaires, medical history and blood sampling were used for the evaluation of individual risk factors. Normal vascular function was found in 55% of the women included. The prevalence of women with pathological AIx only (AIx ⩾ −10%, PWV normal) was 21.5%, whereas 17.9% were affected by increased AIx and PWV (AIx ⩾ −10%, PWV ⩾9.7 m/s), and 6% with only pathological PWV values. The prevalence of LVDD was 31.7%. LVDD was significantly associated with pathological PWV ⩾ 9.7 m/s [OR: 1.27, 95%CI: 1.02–1.57], age [OR: 4.17, 95%CI: 2.87–6.07] and a waist circumference >80 cm [OR: 3.61, 95%CI: 1.85–7.04] in multiple regression analysis. The high prevalence of markers for vascular dysfunction and ASt in a general female population and their importance as a mediator of diastolic dysfunction should encourage implementation of aortic PWV measurement to improve cardiovascular-risk assessment in particular to identify subclinical myocardial diastolic dysfunction.
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Verdure P, Gilard V, Guyant-Maréchal L, Belien J, Cebula H, Hannequin D, Dacher JN, Johannides R, Proust F. Familial intracranial aneurysm, the relationship of the aortic diameter. Neurochirurgie 2015; 61:385-91. [PMID: 26597604 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Familial predisposition appears as an identified risk factor for cerebrovascular disease. The primary objective of our study was to assess intracranial aneurysm (IA) recurrence rate in a population of familial IA. Secondary objectives were first to analyse the inheritance categorisation/pattern of these families and second to assess the correlation between the aortic diameter on MRI and the aneurysmal characteristics. PATIENTS AND METHODS Over a period of 20 years (1990-2010), 26 patients from 23 families, identified from a regional register, accepted to participate in this prospective trial in order to determine, the inheritance pattern, the screening of de novo aneurysms by CT angioscan, and the aortic mensuration by MRI. The transmission pattern was categorised into autosomal dominant inheritance, autosomal recessive and autosomal dominance with incomplete penetrance. The aortic diameter was measured: anatomic coverage in the caudo-cranial direction from the iliac arteries to the ventriculo-aortic junction. RESULTS All 26 patients [from 55.4 ± 11.2 years, sex ratio female/male: 1.36] were reviewed after a mean follow-up of 7.9 ± 6.6 years after the diagnosis of a cerebral aneurysm. The characteristics of this population were the diagnostic circumstances such as a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in 14 (53.8%), the multiple locations in 10 (38.5%) and a giant aneurysm in 4 (15.4%). Four de novo aneurysms were diagnosed in 3 patients (11.5%) after a mean follow-up of 22.3 ± 4 years, which corresponds to an annual incidence of 1.9 (95% CI 1.4-2.6%). The transmission pattern was autosomal dominant in 16 (61.5%), recessive in 3 (11.5%) and not defined in 7 (26.9%). As regards the aortic diameter, a significant decrease in the aortic diameter was observed in patients with an aneurysmal diameter superior to 10mm. CONCLUSION The rate of de novo aneurysm justifies prolonged monitoring by imaging of these patients with familial intracranial aneurysm. The narrowing of the terminal part of the aorta could be a hemodynamic factor involved into the IA development.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Verdure
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - V Gilard
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - L Guyant-Maréchal
- Department of Neurophysiology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - J Belien
- Department of Pharmacology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - H Cebula
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Hautepierre, Strasbourg University Hospital, 67000 Strasbourg cedex, France
| | - D Hannequin
- Department of Neurology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - J-N Dacher
- Department of Radiology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - R Johannides
- Department of Pharmacology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - F Proust
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France; Inserm U982, Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Communication and Differenciation, Rouen University, Rouen, France; Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Hautepierre, Strasbourg University Hospital, 67000 Strasbourg cedex, France.
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22
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Kollias A, Lagou S, Zeniodi ME, Boubouchairopoulou N, Stergiou GS. Association of Central Versus Brachial Blood Pressure With Target-Organ Damage: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Hypertension 2015; 67:183-90. [PMID: 26597821 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.115.06066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that central blood pressure (BP) may reflect the hemodynamic stress on target organs more accurately than brachial BP. A systematic review assessing the relationship of central versus brachial BP with preclinical target-organ damage was performed. Meta-analysis of cross-sectional data showed that central compared with brachial systolic BP was more closely associated with (1) left ventricular mass index (12 studies, n=6431; weighted age [SD], 49.9 [13.1] years; 51% hypertensives): pooled correlation coefficients r=0.30; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.23-0.37 versus r=0.26; 95% CI, 0.19-0.33, respectively; P<0.01 for difference; (2) carotid intima-media thickness (7 studies, n=6136; weighted age, 55.6 [13.2] years; 48% hypertensives): r=0.27; 95% CI, 0.19-0.34 versus r=0.23; 95% CI, 0.16-0.30, respectively; P<0.01 for difference; (3) pulse-wave velocity (14 studies, n=3699; weighted age, 53.9 [13.3] years; 53% hypertensives): r=0.42; 95% CI, 0.37-0.47 versus r=0.39; 95% CI, 0.33-0.45, respectively; P<0.01 for difference. Four studies assessing urine albumin excretion (n=3718; weighted age, 56.4 [5] years; 69% hypertensives) reported similar correlations (P=not significant) with central (r=0.22; 95% CI, 0.14-0.29) and brachial systolic BP (r=0.22; 95% CI, 0.12-0.32). Similar findings were observed for central compared with brachial pulse pressure in terms of relationship with target-organ damage. Metaregression analyses did not reveal any significant effect of age. In conclusion, central compared with brachial BP seems to be more strongly associated with most of the investigated indices of preclinical organ damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Kollias
- From the Third University Department of Medicine, Hypertension Center, STRIDE-7, Sotiria Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Styliani Lagou
- From the Third University Department of Medicine, Hypertension Center, STRIDE-7, Sotiria Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Elena Zeniodi
- From the Third University Department of Medicine, Hypertension Center, STRIDE-7, Sotiria Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Nadia Boubouchairopoulou
- From the Third University Department of Medicine, Hypertension Center, STRIDE-7, Sotiria Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - George S Stergiou
- From the Third University Department of Medicine, Hypertension Center, STRIDE-7, Sotiria Hospital, Athens, Greece.
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23
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Maurovich-Horvat P, Tárnoki DL, Tárnoki ÁD, Horváth T, Jermendy ÁL, Kolossváry M, Szilveszter B, Voros V, Kovács A, Molnár AÁ, Littvay L, Lamb HJ, Voros S, Jermendy G, Merkely B. Rationale, Design, and Methodological Aspects of the BUDAPEST-GLOBAL Study (Burden of Atherosclerotic Plaques Study in Twins-Genetic Loci and the Burden of Atherosclerotic Lesions). Clin Cardiol 2015; 38:699-707. [PMID: 26492817 DOI: 10.1002/clc.22482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The heritability of coronary atherosclerotic plaque burden, coronary geometry, and phenotypes associated with increased cardiometabolic risk are largely unknown. The primary aim of the Burden of Atherosclerotic Plaques Study in Twins-Genetic Loci and the Burden of Atherosclerotic Lesions (BUDAPEST-GLOBAL) study is to evaluate the influence of genetic and environmental factors on the burden of coronary artery disease. By design this is a prospective, single-center, classical twin study. In total, 202 twins (61 monozygotic pairs, 40 dizygotic same-sex pairs) were enrolled from the Hungarian Twin Registry database. All twins underwent non-contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) for the detection and quantification of coronary artery calcium and for the measurement of epicardial fat volumes. In addition, a single non-contrast-enhanced image slice was acquired at the level of L3-L4 to assess abdominal fat distribution. Coronary CT angiography was used for the detection and quantification of plaque, stenosis, and overall coronary artery disease burden. For the primary analysis, we will assess the presence and volume of atherosclerotic plaques. Furthermore, the 3-dimensional coronary geometry will be assessed based on the coronary CT angiography datasets. Additional phenotypic analyses will include per-patient epicardial and abdominal fat quantity measurements. Measurements obtained from monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs will be compared to evaluate the genetic or environmental effects of the given phenotype. The BUDAPEST-GLOBAL study provides a unique framework to shed some light on the genetic and environmental influences of cardiometabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pál Maurovich-Horvat
- MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dávid L Tárnoki
- Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám D Tárnoki
- Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Horváth
- Department of Hydrodynamic Systems, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám L Jermendy
- MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Márton Kolossváry
- MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bálint Szilveszter
- MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktor Voros
- Scientific Affairs, Global Institute for Research, LLC, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Attila Kovács
- MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrea Á Molnár
- Department of Cardiology, Military Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Levente Littvay
- Department of Political Science, Central European University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Hildo J Lamb
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Szilard Voros
- Scientific Affairs, Global Institute for Research, LLC, Richmond, Virginia
| | - György Jermendy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bajcsy-Zsilinszky Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Béla Merkely
- MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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25
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Genetic contribution to the variance of blood pressure and heart rate: a systematic review and meta-regression of twin studies. Twin Res Hum Genet 2015; 18:158-70. [PMID: 25744168 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2015.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The genetic contribution of blood pressure and heart rate (HR) varied widely between studies. Demographic factors such as ethnicity, age and/or sex might explain some of the heterogeneity. We performed a systematic review focusing on four phenotypes: systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), HR and pulse pressure (PP). Meta-regression was conducted to analyze potential factors in relation to SBP and DBP heritability. A total of 10,613 independent twins that came from 17 studies were included in the analysis. The weighted mean value of heritability for SBP and DBP was 0.54 (95% CIs: 0.48-0.60) and 0.49 (95% CIs: 0.42-0.56). Comparatively, three studies of HR and four studies of PP heritability were limited for the heterogeneity test. Meta-regression showed that, on average, SBP heritability with additive genes/unique environment (AE) model tend to have a higher heritability than additive genes/shared environment/unique environment (ACE) model (coefficient = 0.0947, p = .0142). A similar result was found for DBP as well. No other factors such as sex, age, ethnicity, publication year were significantly associated with heritability variance. Our study shows heritability estimates based on twin studies of both SBP and DBP are around 50%, using an AE rather than an ACE model; the variance due to C ended up in A, suggesting that the AE model may overestimate heritability if a small contribution of shared environment exists.
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26
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Multivariate modeling of body mass index, pulse pressure, systolic and diastolic blood pressure in Chinese twins. Twin Res Hum Genet 2014; 18:73-8. [PMID: 25529467 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2014.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure (PP), and body mass index (BMI) are heritable traits in human metabolic health but their common genetic and environmental backgrounds are not well investigated. The aim of this article was to explore the phenotypic and genetic associations among PP, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and BMI. The studied sample contained 615 twin pairs (17-84 years) collected in the Qingdao municipality. Univariate and multivariate structural equation models were fitted for assessing the genetic and environmental contributions. The AE model combining additive genetic (A) and unique environmental (E) factors produced the best fit for each four phenotypes. Heritability estimated in univariate analysis ranged from 0.42 to 0.74 with the highest for BMI (95% CI 0.70-0.78), and the lowest for PP (95% CI 0.34-0.49). The multivariate model estimated (1) high genetic correlations for DBP with SBP (0.87), PP with SBP (0.75); (2) low-moderate genetic correlations between PP and DBP (0.32), each BP component and BMI (0.24-0.37); (3) moderate unique environmental correlation for PP with SBP (0.68) and SBP with DBP (0.63); (4) there was no significant unique environmental correlation between PP and BMI. Overall, our multivariate analyses revealed common genetic and environmental backgrounds for PP, BP, and BMI in Chinese twins.
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27
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Logan JG, Engler MB, Kim H. Genetic determinants of arterial stiffness. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2014; 8:23-43. [PMID: 25472935 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-014-9597-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Stiffness of large arteries (called arteriosclerosis) is an independent predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Although previous studies have shown that arterial stiffness is moderately heritable, genetic factors contributing to arterial stiffness are largely unknown. In this paper, we reviewed the available literature on genetic variants that are potentially related to arterial stiffness. Most variants have shown mixed depictions of their association with arterial stiffness across multiple studies. Various methods to measure arterial stiffness at different arterial sites can contribute to these inconsistent results. In addition, studies in patient populations with hypertension or atherosclerosis may overestimate the impact of genetic variants on arterial stiffness. Future studies are recommended to standardize current measures of arterial stiffness in different age groups. Studies conducted in normal healthy subjects may also provide better opportunities to find novel genetic variants of arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongok G Logan
- School of Nursing, University of Virginia, 225 Jeanette Lancaster Way, Charlottesville, VA, 22903-3388, USA,
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28
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Domonkos Tarnoki A, Laszlo Tarnoki D, Molnar AA. Past, present and future of cardiovascular twin studies. COR ET VASA 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crvasa.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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29
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Toth GZ, Tarnoki AD, Tarnoki DL, Racz A, Szekelyhidi Z, Littvay L, Karlinger K, Lannert A, Molnar AA, Garami Z, Berczi V, Suveges I, Nemeth J. Genetic effects on refraction and correlation with hemodynamic variables: a twin study. ACTA PHYSIOLOGICA HUNGARICA 2014; 101:309-20. [PMID: 25183505 DOI: 10.1556/aphysiol.101.2014.3.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Spherical equivalent (SE) has not been linked to increased cardiovascular morbidity. Methods: 132 Hungarian twins(age 43.3±16.9 years) underwent refraction measurements (Huvitz MRK-3100 Premium AutoRefractokeratometer)and oscillometry (TensioMed Arteriograph). Results: Heritability analysis indicated major role for genetic components in the presence of right and left SE (82.7%, 95%CI, 62.9 to 93.7%, and 89.3%, 95%CI, 72.8 to 96.6%),while unshared environmental effects accounted for 17% (95%CI, 6.3% to 37%), and 11% (95%CI, 3.4% to 26.7%)of variations adjusted for age and sex. Bilateral SE showed weak age-dependent correlations with augmentation index (AIx), aortic pulse wave velocity (r ranging between 0.218 and 0.389, all p < 0.01), aortic systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure (r between 0.188 and 0.289, p < 0.05). Conclusions: These findings support heritability of spherical equivalent, which does not coexist with altered hemodynamics (e.g. accelerated arterial aging).Accordingly, SE and the investigated hemodynamic parameters seem neither phenotypically nor genetically associated.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zs Toth
- Semmelweis University Department of Ophthalmology Budapest Hungary
| | - Adam Domonkos Tarnoki
- Semmelweis University Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy Üllői út 78/a H-1082 Budapest Hungary
| | - D L Tarnoki
- Semmelweis University Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy Üllői út 78/a H-1082 Budapest Hungary
| | - A Racz
- Semmelweis University Department of Ophthalmology Budapest Hungary
| | - Z Szekelyhidi
- Semmelweis University Department of Ophthalmology Budapest Hungary Szent György Hospital Department of Ophthalmology Székesfehérvár Hungary
| | - L Littvay
- Central European University Budapest Hungary
| | - K Karlinger
- Semmelweis University Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy Üllői út 78/a H-1082 Budapest Hungary
| | - A Lannert
- Semmelweis University School of Pharmacy Budapest Hungary
| | - A A Molnar
- Research Group for Inflammation Biology and Immunogenomics of Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary Military Hospital Department of Cardiology Budapest Hungary
| | - Zs Garami
- The Methodist Hospital DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center Houston TX USA
| | - V Berczi
- Semmelweis University Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy Üllői út 78/a H-1082 Budapest Hungary
| | - I Suveges
- Semmelweis University Department of Ophthalmology Budapest Hungary
| | - J Nemeth
- Semmelweis University Department of Ophthalmology Budapest Hungary
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30
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Wu SH, Neale MC, Acton AJ, Considine RV, Krasnow RE, Reed T, Dai J. Genetic and environmental influences on the prospective correlation between systemic inflammation and coronary heart disease death in male twins. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:2168-74. [PMID: 25082230 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.303556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Because of lack of evidence, we aimed to examine to what degree low-grade systemic inflammation and coronary heart disease (CHD) death shared common genetic and environmental substrates. APPROACH AND RESULTS From the 41-year prospective National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Twin Study, we included 950 middle-aged male twins at baseline (1969-1973). Low-grade systemic inflammation was measured with plasma levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein. Univariate and bivariate structural equation models were used, adjusted for a risk score for CHD death. The score-adjusted heritability was 19% for IL-6, 27% for C-reactive protein, and 22% for CHD death. The positive phenotypic correlation of IL-6 with CHD death (radjusted=0.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.08-0.43) was driven by additive genetic factors (contribution [relative contribution], 0.30 [111%]) but attenuated by unique environment (-0.03 [-11%]). The genetic correlation between IL-6 and CHD death was 0.74 (95% CI, 0.21-1.00), whereas the unique environmental correlation was -0.05 (95% CI, -0.35 to 0.25). The proportion of genetic variance for CHD death shared with that for IL-6 was 74%. The phenotypic correlation of C-reactive protein with CHD death (radjusted=0.10; 95% CI, -0.02 to 0.22) was explained by additive genetic factors (0.20 [149%]) but was attenuated by the unique environment (-0.09 [-49%]). The genetic correlation of C-reactive protein with CHD death was 0.63 (95% CI, -0.07 to 1.00), whereas the unique environmental correlation was -0.07 (95% CI, -0.29 to 0.17). CONCLUSIONS Low-grade systemic inflammation, measured by IL-6, and long-term CHD death share moderate genetic substrates that augment both traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Hui Wu
- From the Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (S.-H.W., J.D.); Department of Psychiatry (M.C.N.) and Department of Human and Molecular Genetics (M.C.N.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond; Division of Endocrinology (A.J.A., R.V.C.) and Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.R.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; and Center for Health Sciences, Biosciences Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA (R.E.K.)
| | - Michael C Neale
- From the Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (S.-H.W., J.D.); Department of Psychiatry (M.C.N.) and Department of Human and Molecular Genetics (M.C.N.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond; Division of Endocrinology (A.J.A., R.V.C.) and Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.R.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; and Center for Health Sciences, Biosciences Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA (R.E.K.)
| | - Anthony J Acton
- From the Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (S.-H.W., J.D.); Department of Psychiatry (M.C.N.) and Department of Human and Molecular Genetics (M.C.N.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond; Division of Endocrinology (A.J.A., R.V.C.) and Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.R.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; and Center for Health Sciences, Biosciences Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA (R.E.K.)
| | - Robert V Considine
- From the Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (S.-H.W., J.D.); Department of Psychiatry (M.C.N.) and Department of Human and Molecular Genetics (M.C.N.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond; Division of Endocrinology (A.J.A., R.V.C.) and Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.R.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; and Center for Health Sciences, Biosciences Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA (R.E.K.)
| | - Ruth E Krasnow
- From the Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (S.-H.W., J.D.); Department of Psychiatry (M.C.N.) and Department of Human and Molecular Genetics (M.C.N.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond; Division of Endocrinology (A.J.A., R.V.C.) and Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.R.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; and Center for Health Sciences, Biosciences Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA (R.E.K.)
| | - Terry Reed
- From the Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (S.-H.W., J.D.); Department of Psychiatry (M.C.N.) and Department of Human and Molecular Genetics (M.C.N.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond; Division of Endocrinology (A.J.A., R.V.C.) and Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.R.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; and Center for Health Sciences, Biosciences Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA (R.E.K.)
| | - Jun Dai
- From the Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (S.-H.W., J.D.); Department of Psychiatry (M.C.N.) and Department of Human and Molecular Genetics (M.C.N.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond; Division of Endocrinology (A.J.A., R.V.C.) and Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.R.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; and Center for Health Sciences, Biosciences Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA (R.E.K.).
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31
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Medda E, Fagnani C, Schillaci G, Tarnoki AD, Tarnoki DL, Baracchini C, Meneghetti G, Fanelli F, Alaeddin A, Pucci G, Alviti S, Cotichini R, Brescianini S, Boatta E, Lucatelli P, Nisticò L, Penna L, Salemi M, Toccaceli V, Zini C, Garami Z, Stazi MA. Heritability of arterial stiffness and carotid intima-media thickness: an Italian twin study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 24:511-517. [PMID: 24582685 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2013.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and arterial stiffness parameters, including aortic augmentation index (AIx) and pulse wave velocity (PWV), are independent predictors of stroke and cardiovascular disease. Genetic effects on these traits were never explored in a Mediterranean country. The present study aims to quantify the contribution of genes, environment and age to carotid IMT and aortic Aix and PWV. METHODS AND RESULTS The twin design was used. A total of 348 adult twins from the Italian Twin Register underwent measurements of carotid IMT and aortic PWV and AIx in three university hospitals located in Rome, Padua and Perugia. Carotid IMT was measured by B-mode ultrasound, aortic PWV and AIx by Arteriograph. Genetic modelling was performed to decompose total variance of traits into genetic, shared and unshared environmental and age components. For each phenotype, the best-fitting model included additive genetic, unshared environmental and age effects. For IMT, heritability was 0.32 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.25-0.38), unshared environmental component was 0.25 (0.18-0.32) and age contribution was 0.44 (0.39-0.49). For AIx and PWV, heritabilities were 0.42 (0.29-0.55) and 0.49 (0.35-0.62), unshared environmental components were 0.31 (0.22-0.44) and 0.37 (0.26-0.51) and age contributions were 0.27 (0.16-0.39) and 0.14 (0.06-0.24), respectively. CONCLUSION This study shows substantial genetic and unshared environmental influences on carotid intima-media thickness and arterial stiffness and confirms the relevant role of age in the aetiology of these traits. Further support is provided for prevention and health promotion strategies based on modifiable factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Medda
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, National Centre for Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - C Fagnani
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, National Centre for Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - G Schillaci
- University of Perugia, Department of Medicine and Unit of Internal Medicine, Terni University Hospital, Terni, Italy
| | - A D Tarnoki
- Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - D L Tarnoki
- Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - C Baracchini
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - G Meneghetti
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - F Fanelli
- Department of Radiological Sciences, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Alaeddin
- University of Perugia, Department of Medicine and Unit of Internal Medicine, Terni University Hospital, Terni, Italy
| | - G Pucci
- University of Perugia, Department of Medicine and Unit of Internal Medicine, Terni University Hospital, Terni, Italy
| | - S Alviti
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, National Centre for Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - R Cotichini
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, National Centre for Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - S Brescianini
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, National Centre for Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - E Boatta
- Department of Radiological Sciences, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - P Lucatelli
- Department of Radiological Sciences, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - L Nisticò
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, National Centre for Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - L Penna
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, National Centre for Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - M Salemi
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, National Centre for Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - V Toccaceli
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, National Centre for Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - C Zini
- Department of Radiological Sciences, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Z Garami
- The Methodist Hospital DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M A Stazi
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, National Centre for Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Tarnoki DL, Tarnoki AD, Littvay L, Bata P, Berczi V, Garami Z, Karlinger K. Genetic and environmental variance of renal parenchymal thickness: a twin study. Croat Med J 2014; 54:550-4. [PMID: 24382849 PMCID: PMC3914463 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2013.54.550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To estimate heritability and environmental effects on renal parenchymal thickness. METHODS In this twin study, renal parenchymal thickness of 98 Hungarian healthy adult twin pairs (68 monozygotic, 30 dizygotic) without kidney disease was measured bilaterally using renal ultrasound with Esaote MyLab 70X ultrasound machine with low-frequency curved transducers (1-8 MHz). RESULTS In both monozygotic and dizygotic group there were more women (76.5%). Mean right and left renal parenchymal thickness was 1.32±0.33 cm and 1.62±0.31 cm, respectively. Age- and sex-adjusted heritability of renal parenchymal thickness was 0.0% (95% confidence interval, 0.0 to 50.2%), shared and unshared environmental factor was 30.2% (4.1 to 55.9%) and 69.8% (45.8 to 89.5%), respectively. CONCLUSION This study shows a negligible role of heritability and an important role of environmental effects in developing renal parenchymal thickness, emphasizing the importance of lifestyle for primary prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Laszlo Tarnoki
- David Laszlo Tarnoki, Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy, Semmelweis University, 78/A Ulloi street, 1082 Budapest, Hungary,
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Genetic and environmental effects on carotid flow velocities: An international twin study. Atherosclerosis 2013; 231:205-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2013] [Revised: 08/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Tárnoki ÁD, Tárnoki DL, Horváth T, Métneki J, Littvay L. [Hungarian twin studies: results of four decades]. Orv Hetil 2013; 154:1579-86. [PMID: 24077161 DOI: 10.1556/oh.2013.29707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Twin studies play a role in examining the contribution of genetic variations and environmental factors responsible for the determination of phenotypic variables and of genetic linkage between genotypes. Hungarian twin studies, supported by three twin registries (among them two twin-database), date back to 1970s. Studies mainly focused on various congenital abnormalities, the effect of contraceptive pills and folic acid on the frequency of twin pregnancies, as well as psychosexual and alcohol consumptional behaviors. Monogenic Mendelian inheritance of lactose (mal)absorption was demonstrated for the first time. Hungarian Twin Registry was founded in 2007, which contributed to the current understanding on the background of several disorders, e.g. metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis. As part of an international twin study, among others, arterial stiffness, central blood pressure, carotid intima/media thickness, venous biomechanics, body composition, lung function and smoking characteristics were also assessed. Absence of genetic background in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and high inheritance of carotid plaque characteristics were demonstrated for the first time. The review also aims to summarize future plans of the Hungarian Twin Registry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ádám Domonkos Tárnoki
- Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar Radiológiai és Onkoterápiás Klinika Budapest Üllői út 78/A 1082
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Genetic impact dominates over environmental effects in development of carotid artery stiffness: a twin study. Hypertens Res 2013; 37:88-93. [DOI: 10.1038/hr.2013.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2013] [Revised: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Association of body mass index with arterial stiffness and blood pressure components: A twin study. Atherosclerosis 2013; 229:388-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Tarnoki DL, Tarnoki AD, Medda E, Littvay L, Lazar Z, Toccaceli V, Fagnani C, Stazi MA, Nisticó L, Brescianini S, Penna L, Lucatelli P, Boatta E, Zini C, Fanelli F, Baracchini C, Meneghetti G, Koller A, Osztovits J, Jermendy G, Preda I, Kiss RG, Karlinger K, Lannert A, Horvath T, Schillaci G, Molnar AA, Garami Z, Berczi V, Horvath I. Genetic influence on the relation between exhaled nitric oxide and pulse wave reflection. J Breath Res 2013; 7:026008. [PMID: 23660450 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7155/7/2/026008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide has an important role in the development of the structure and function of the airways and vessel walls. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FE(NO)) is inversely related to the markers and risk factors of atherosclerosis. We aimed to estimate the relative contribution of genes and shared and non-shared environmental influences to variations and covariation of FE(NO) levels and the marker of elasticity function of arteries. Adult Caucasian twin pairs (n = 117) were recruited in Hungary, Italy and in the United States (83 monozygotic and 34 dizygotic pairs; age: 48 ± 16 SD years). FE(NO) was measured by an electrochemical sensor-based device. Pulse wave reflection (aortic augmentation index, Aix(ao)) was determined by an oscillometric method (Arteriograph). A bivariate Cholesky decomposition model was applied to investigate whether the heritabilities of FE(NO) and Aix(ao) were linked. Genetic effects accounted for 58% (95% confidence interval (CI): 42%, 71%) of the variation in FE(NO) with the remaining 42% (95%CI: 29%, 58%) due to non-shared environmental influences. A modest negative correlation was observed between FE(NO) and Aix(ao) (r = -0.17; 95%CI:-0.32,-0.02). FE(NO) showed a significant negative genetic correlation with Aix(ao) (r(g) = -0.25; 95%CI:-0.46,-0.02). Thus in humans, variations in FE(NO) are explained both by genetic and non-shared environmental effects. Covariance between FE(NO) and Aix(ao) is explained entirely by shared genetic factors. This is consistent with an overlap among the sets of genes involved in the expression of these phenotypes and provides a basis for further genetic studies on cardiovascular and respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Laszlo Tarnoki
- Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary, 78/a Ulloi Street, Budapest 1082, Hungary.
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Cardiol 2013; 28:369-79. [DOI: 10.1097/hco.0b013e328360f5be] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Tarnoki DL, Tarnoki AD, Lazar Z, Medda E, Littvay L, Cotichini R, Fagnani C, Stazi MA, Nisticó L, Lucatelli P, Boatta E, Zini C, Fanelli F, Baracchini C, Meneghetti G, Jermendy G, Préda I, Kiss RG, Karlinger K, Lannert A, Schillaci G, Molnar AA, Garami Z, Berczi V, Horvath I. Genetic and environmental factors on the relation of lung function and arterial stiffness. Respir Med 2013; 107:927-35. [PMID: 23481174 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2013.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Revised: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An association between reduced lung function and increased cardiovascular risk has been reported, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the heritability of lung function and to estimate its genetic association with arterial stiffness. METHODS 150 monozygotic and 42 dizygotic healthy Hungarian and American Caucasian twin pairs (age 43 ± 17 years) underwent spirometry (forced vital capacity/FVC/, forced expiratory volume in 1 s/FEV1/; MIR Minispir, USA); and their brachial and central augmentation indices (AIx), and aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) were measured by oscillometric Arteriograph (TensioMed Ltd, Budapest, Hungary). Phenotypic correlations and bivariate Cholesky decomposition models were applied. RESULTS Age-, sex-, country- and smoking-adjusted heritability of FEV1, percent predicted FEV1, FVC and percent predicted FVC were 73% (95% confidence interval /CI/: 45-85%), 28% (95% CI: 0-67%), 68% (95% CI: 20-81%) and 45% (95% CI: 0-66%), respectively. Measured and percent predicted FVC and FEV1 values showed no significant phenotypic correlations with AIx or aortic PWV, except for phenotypic twin correlations between measured FEV1, FVC with brachial or aortic augmentation indices which ranged between -0.12 and -0.17. No genetic covariance between lung function and arterial stiffness was found. CONCLUSIONS Lung function is heritable and the measured FVC and FEV are phenotypically, but not genetically, associated with augmentation index, a measure of wave reflection. This relationship may in turn reveal further associations leading to a better mechanistic understanding of vascular changes in various airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Laszlo Tarnoki
- Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy, Semmelweis University, 78/a Ulloi Street, Budapest 1082, Hungary.
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Molnár AÀ, Tárnoki ÀD, Tárnoki DL, Kulcsár Z, Littvay L, Garami Z, Préda I, Kiss RG, Bérczi V, Lannert À, Monos E, Nádasy GL. Heritability of Venous Biomechanics. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 33:152-7. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.112.300062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
Altered venous biomechanics may contribute to the pathogenesis of venous diseases, and their heritability is less known.
Methods and Results—
Seventy-eight monozygotic twin pairs (aged 42.4±16.8 years) and 24 same-sex dizygotic twin pairs (aged 50.5±16.1 years) were examined. Anteroposterior and mediolateral diameters of the common femoral vein were measured by ultrasonography. Measurements were made both in supine and in standing body positions, with or without controlled forced expiration (Valsalva test). High correlation of diameter, capacity, and distensibility values was found between twin pairs. The univariate heritability (A), shared (C), and unshared (E) environmental effects model has shown 39.3% genetic component of the variance of low pressure, 37.9% of high-pressure venous capacity, and 36.4% of maximal capacity changes, even after elimination of sex, age, and body weight effects. Bivariate Cholesky analysis revealed substantial covariance of inherited body weight and venous capacity components (57.0%–81.4%).
Conclusion—
Femoral vein capacity and elasticity depend ≈30% to 40% on genetic factors, and this value in the standing body position can reach 50%. A relatively high genetic covariance was found between weight and femoral vein capacity and elasticity. Our work might yield some new insights into the inheritance of venous diseases that are associated with altered venous biomechanics and help elucidate the involved genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Àgnes Molnár
- From the Research Group for Inflammation Biology and Immunogenomics of Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (A.A.M., Z.K., I.P., R.G.K.); Military Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Budapest, Hungary (A.A.M., Z.K., I.P., R.G.K.); Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy (A.D.T., D.L.T., V.B.), Faculty of Pharmacy (À.L.), and Experimental Research Department and Department of Human Physiology (E.M., G.L.N.), Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Central
| | - Àdám Domonkos Tárnoki
- From the Research Group for Inflammation Biology and Immunogenomics of Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (A.A.M., Z.K., I.P., R.G.K.); Military Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Budapest, Hungary (A.A.M., Z.K., I.P., R.G.K.); Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy (A.D.T., D.L.T., V.B.), Faculty of Pharmacy (À.L.), and Experimental Research Department and Department of Human Physiology (E.M., G.L.N.), Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Central
| | - Dávid László Tárnoki
- From the Research Group for Inflammation Biology and Immunogenomics of Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (A.A.M., Z.K., I.P., R.G.K.); Military Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Budapest, Hungary (A.A.M., Z.K., I.P., R.G.K.); Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy (A.D.T., D.L.T., V.B.), Faculty of Pharmacy (À.L.), and Experimental Research Department and Department of Human Physiology (E.M., G.L.N.), Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Central
| | - Zoltán Kulcsár
- From the Research Group for Inflammation Biology and Immunogenomics of Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (A.A.M., Z.K., I.P., R.G.K.); Military Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Budapest, Hungary (A.A.M., Z.K., I.P., R.G.K.); Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy (A.D.T., D.L.T., V.B.), Faculty of Pharmacy (À.L.), and Experimental Research Department and Department of Human Physiology (E.M., G.L.N.), Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Central
| | - Levente Littvay
- From the Research Group for Inflammation Biology and Immunogenomics of Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (A.A.M., Z.K., I.P., R.G.K.); Military Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Budapest, Hungary (A.A.M., Z.K., I.P., R.G.K.); Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy (A.D.T., D.L.T., V.B.), Faculty of Pharmacy (À.L.), and Experimental Research Department and Department of Human Physiology (E.M., G.L.N.), Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Central
| | - Zsolt Garami
- From the Research Group for Inflammation Biology and Immunogenomics of Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (A.A.M., Z.K., I.P., R.G.K.); Military Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Budapest, Hungary (A.A.M., Z.K., I.P., R.G.K.); Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy (A.D.T., D.L.T., V.B.), Faculty of Pharmacy (À.L.), and Experimental Research Department and Department of Human Physiology (E.M., G.L.N.), Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Central
| | - István Préda
- From the Research Group for Inflammation Biology and Immunogenomics of Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (A.A.M., Z.K., I.P., R.G.K.); Military Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Budapest, Hungary (A.A.M., Z.K., I.P., R.G.K.); Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy (A.D.T., D.L.T., V.B.), Faculty of Pharmacy (À.L.), and Experimental Research Department and Department of Human Physiology (E.M., G.L.N.), Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Central
| | - Róbert Gábor Kiss
- From the Research Group for Inflammation Biology and Immunogenomics of Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (A.A.M., Z.K., I.P., R.G.K.); Military Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Budapest, Hungary (A.A.M., Z.K., I.P., R.G.K.); Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy (A.D.T., D.L.T., V.B.), Faculty of Pharmacy (À.L.), and Experimental Research Department and Department of Human Physiology (E.M., G.L.N.), Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Central
| | - Viktor Bérczi
- From the Research Group for Inflammation Biology and Immunogenomics of Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (A.A.M., Z.K., I.P., R.G.K.); Military Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Budapest, Hungary (A.A.M., Z.K., I.P., R.G.K.); Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy (A.D.T., D.L.T., V.B.), Faculty of Pharmacy (À.L.), and Experimental Research Department and Department of Human Physiology (E.M., G.L.N.), Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Central
| | - Àgnes Lannert
- From the Research Group for Inflammation Biology and Immunogenomics of Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (A.A.M., Z.K., I.P., R.G.K.); Military Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Budapest, Hungary (A.A.M., Z.K., I.P., R.G.K.); Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy (A.D.T., D.L.T., V.B.), Faculty of Pharmacy (À.L.), and Experimental Research Department and Department of Human Physiology (E.M., G.L.N.), Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Central
| | - Emil Monos
- From the Research Group for Inflammation Biology and Immunogenomics of Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (A.A.M., Z.K., I.P., R.G.K.); Military Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Budapest, Hungary (A.A.M., Z.K., I.P., R.G.K.); Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy (A.D.T., D.L.T., V.B.), Faculty of Pharmacy (À.L.), and Experimental Research Department and Department of Human Physiology (E.M., G.L.N.), Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Central
| | - György László Nádasy
- From the Research Group for Inflammation Biology and Immunogenomics of Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (A.A.M., Z.K., I.P., R.G.K.); Military Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Budapest, Hungary (A.A.M., Z.K., I.P., R.G.K.); Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy (A.D.T., D.L.T., V.B.), Faculty of Pharmacy (À.L.), and Experimental Research Department and Department of Human Physiology (E.M., G.L.N.), Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Central
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Abstract
The first Hungarian Twin Registry was established in Budapest in 1970 through the mandatory reporting of multiple-births. In the 1980s a second, volunteer adult registry was also founded. Unfortunately, both registries ceased to exist in the 1990s. Efforts started in 2006 to revive a Hungarian twin registry. The team spearheading this effort reports here on this progress. Currently, the voluntary Hungarian Twin Registry consists of 310 adult twin pairs and multiplets. Current research focuses on cardiovascular and respiratory health and yielded multiple awards and publications. Efforts are on the way to expand into social, psychological, and obesity studies.
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Tarnoki AD, Baracchini C, Tarnoki DL, Lucatelli P, Boatta E, Zini C, Fanelli F, Molnar AA, Meneghetti G, Stazi MA, Medda E, Cotichini R, Nisticò L, Fagnani C, Osztovits J, Jermendy G, Preda I, Kiss RG, Metneki J, Horvath T, Pucci G, Bata P, Karlinger K, Littvay L, Berczi V, Garami Z, Schillaci G. Evidence for a strong genetic influence on carotid plaque characteristics: an international twin study. Stroke 2012; 43:3168-72. [PMID: 23086674 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.112.666016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Few family studies reported moderate genetic impact on the presence and scores of carotid plaques. However, the heritability of carotid plaque characteristics remains still unclear. Twin studies more reliably estimate the relative contribution of genes to these traits in contrast to family study design. METHODS One hundred ninety-two monozygotic and 83 dizygotic adult twin pairs (age 49±15 years) from Italy, Hungary, and the United States underwent B-mode and color Doppler ultrasound of bilateral common, internal, and external carotid arteries. RESULTS Age-, sex-, and country-adjusted heritability was 78% for the presence of carotid plaque (95% CI, 55%-90%), 74% for plaque echogenicity (hypoechoic, hyperechoic, or mixed; 95% CI, 38%-87%), 69% for plaque size (area in mm2 in longitudinal plane; <or>50 percentile; 95% CI, 16%-86%), 74% for plaque sidedness (unilateral or bilateral; 95% CI, 25%-90%), 74% for plaque numerosity (95% CI, 26%-86%), 68% (95% CI, 40%-84%), and 66% (95% CI, 32%-90%) for the presence of plaque in carotid bulbs and proximal internal carotid arteries. No role of shared environmental factors was found. Unique environmental factors were responsible for the remaining variance (22%-34%). Controlling for relevant covariates did not change the results significantly. CONCLUSIONS The heritability of ultrasound characteristics of carotid plaque is high. Unshared environmental effects account for a modest portion of the variance. Our findings should stimulate the search for genes responsible for these traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Domonkos Tarnoki
- Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy, Semmelweis University, and Department of Cardiology, Military Hospital, 78/a Ulloi St, Budapest, H-1082, Hungary.
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