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Springall GAC, Goldsmith G, Zannino D, Cheong J, Mynard JP, Yeo M, Cheung MMH. Carotid wave analysis in young adults with a history of adolescent anorexia nervosa: a case control study. J Eat Disord 2024; 12:21. [PMID: 38308371 PMCID: PMC10835867 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-023-00963-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with abnormalities that may increase the risk of future cardiovascular disease. This study assessed the cardiovascular health of individuals who recovered from AN during adolescence by conducting wave power analysis. METHODS Former AN patients discharged from the Royal Children's and Monash Children's Hospitals (N = 17) in Melbourne, Australia underwent ultrasound imaging of the right carotid artery. Wave power analysis was conducted to assess biomechanical interactions of the cardiovascular system. Patient measures were compared to healthy controls (N = 51). RESULTS Eighty-eight percent of the former AN patients and controls were female, aged approximately 25 years, with a healthy body mass index. Mean carotid flow and pulsatility index were not different between groups. Carotid arterial strain and distensibility were lower, and the wave speed and beta stiffness index higher in the former AN patients. Characteristic impedance was not different nor were the forward and backward wave amplitudes. However, wave reflection indices (ratios of backward-to-forward compression wave area, and wave-related effect on pressure and hydraulic power) were 12-18% lower in the former AN patients (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Increased carotid artery stiffness and reduced wave reflection are evident in young adults who recovered from adolescent AN. This may relate to an adaptive process that helps to maintain or restore flow and characteristic impedance despite increased vessel stiffness, with this warranting future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella A C Springall
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Heart Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Greta Goldsmith
- Heart Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Diana Zannino
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jeanie Cheong
- Heart Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Neonatal Services, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jonathan P Mynard
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Heart Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Michele Yeo
- Department of Adolescent Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael M H Cheung
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Heart Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Sofer Y, Nash Y, Osher E, Fursht O, Goldsmith G, Nahary L, Shaklai S, Tordjman KM, Serebro M, Touati EB, Yacobi Bach M, Marcus Y, Tal B, Sack J, Shefer G, Margaliot M, Landis N, Goldiner I, Abu Ahmad W, Stern N, Benhar I, Frenkel D. Insulin-degrading enzyme higher in subjects with metabolic syndrome. Endocrine 2021; 71:357-364. [PMID: 33398768 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02548-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is comprised of a cluster of abnormalities in glucose, lipid, and vascular homeostasis, which is most commonly linked to abdominal obesity. MS heralds increased risk for development of diabetes and is linked to impairment in insulin signaling. Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) is one of the mechanisms through which insulin blood levels are maintained. It has been previously suggested that controlling IDE levels could provide yet another potential therapeutic approach in diabetes. Here we aim to investigate whether changes in serum IDE levels correlate with the severity of MS. Using a highly sensitive ELISA assay of active IDE in human serum, we found a strong correlation between circulating IDE levels and circulating levels of triglycerides, insulin, and c-peptide and an inverse correlation with HDL cholesterol (HDLc). Serum IDE levels were higher in MS subjects than in control subjects. Hence, circulating IDE may serve as a tool to identify subjects with abnormal insulin metabolism, possibly those with MS that are at risk to develop diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sofer
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Y Nash
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, George S Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - E Osher
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - O Fursht
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, George S Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - G Goldsmith
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, George S Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - L Nahary
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - S Shaklai
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - K M Tordjman
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - M Serebro
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - E B Touati
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - M Yacobi Bach
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Y Marcus
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - B Tal
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - J Sack
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - G Shefer
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - M Margaliot
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - N Landis
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - I Goldiner
- Laboratory Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - W Abu Ahmad
- Hebrew University-Hadassah Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - N Stern
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - I Benhar
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - D Frenkel
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, George S Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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3
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Kahn FK, Wake M, Lycett K, Clifford S, Burgner DP, Goldsmith G, Grobler AC, Lange K, Cheung M. Vascular function and stiffness: population epidemiology and concordance in Australian children aged 11-12 years and their parents. BMJ Open 2019; 9:34-43. [PMID: 31273014 PMCID: PMC6624058 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the epidemiology and parent-child concordance of vascular function in a population-based sample of Australian parent-child dyads at child age 11-12 years. DESIGN Cross-sectional study (Child Health CheckPoint), nested within a prospective cohort study, the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC). SETTING Assessment centres in seven major Australian cities and eight regional towns or home visits, February 2015-March 2016. PARTICIPANTS Of all participating CheckPoint families (n=1874), 1840 children (49% girls) and 1802 parents (88% mothers) provided vascular function data. Survey weights and methods were applied to account for LSAC's complex sample design and clustering within postcodes and strata. OUTCOME MEASURES The SphygmoCor XCEL assessed vascular function, generating estimates of brachial and central systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, central pulse pressure, augmentation index and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity. Pearson's correlation coefficients and multivariable linear regression models estimated parent-child concordance. RESULTS Hypertension was present in 3.9% of children and 9.0% of parents. Mean child and parent values for augmentation index were 4.5% (SD 11.6) and 21.3% (SD 12.3), respectively, and those for carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity were 4.48 m/s (SD 0.59) and 6.85 m/s (SD 1.14), respectively. Parent-child correlation for brachial systolic blood pressure was 0.20 (95% CI 0.15 to 0.24), brachial diastolic blood pressure 0.21 (95% CI 0.16 to 0.26), central systolic blood pressure 0.21 (95% CI 0.16 to 0.25), central diastolic blood pressure 0.21 (95% CI0.17 to 0.26), central pulse pressure 0.19 (95% CI 0.14 to 0.24), augmentation index 0.28 (95% CI 0.23 to 0.32) and pulse wave velocity 0.22 (95% CI 0.18 to 0.27). CONCLUSIONS We report Australian values for traditional and more novel vascular function markers, providing a reference for future population studies. Cross-generational concordance in multiple vascular function markers is already established by age 11-12 years, with mechanisms of heritability remaining to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freya K Kahn
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melissa Wake
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics and The Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kate Lycett
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Susan Clifford
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - David P Burgner
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Greta Goldsmith
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anneke C Grobler
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katherine Lange
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Cheung
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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4
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Liu RS, Dunn S, Grobler AC, Lange K, Becker D, Goldsmith G, Carlin JB, Juonala M, Wake M, Burgner DP. Carotid artery intima-media thickness, distensibility and elasticity: population epidemiology and concordance in Australian children aged 11-12 years old and their parents. BMJ Open 2019; 9:23-33. [PMID: 31273013 PMCID: PMC6624035 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe a well-established marker of cardiovascular risk, carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and related measures (artery distensibility and elasticity) in children aged 11-12 years old and mid-life adults, and examine associations within parent-child dyads. DESIGN Cross-sectional study (Child Health CheckPoint), nested within a prospective cohort study, the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC). SETTING Assessment centres in seven Australian major cities and eight selected regional towns, February 2015 to March 2016. PARTICIPANTS Of all participating CheckPoint families (n=1874), 1489 children (50.0% girls) and 1476 parents (86.8% mothers) with carotid IMT data were included. Survey weights and methods were applied to account for LSAC's complex sample design and clustering within postcodes and strata. OUTCOME MEASURES Ultrasound of the right carotid artery was performed using standardised protocols. Primary outcomes were mean and maximum far-wall carotid IMT, quantified using semiautomated edge detection software. Secondary outcomes were carotid artery distensibility and elasticity. Pearson's correlation coefficients and multivariable linear regression models were used to assess parent-child concordance. Random effects modelling on a subset of ultrasounds (with repeated measurements) was used to assess reliability of the child carotid IMT measure. RESULTS The average mean and maximum child carotid IMT were 0.50 mm (SD 0.06) and 0.58 mm (SD 0.05), respectively. In adults, average mean and maximum carotid IMT were 0.57 mm (SD 0.07) and 0.66 mm (SD 0.10), respectively. Mother-child correlations for mean and maximum carotid IMT were 0.12 (95% CI 0.05 to 0.23) and 0.10 (95% CI 0.03 to 0.21), respectively. For carotid artery distensibility and elasticity, mother-child correlations were 0.19 (95% CI 0.10 to 0.25) and 0.11 (95% CI 0.02 to 0.18), respectively. There was no strong evidence of father-child correlation in any measure. CONCLUSIONS We provide Australian values for carotid vascular measures and report a modest mother-child concordance. Both genetic and environmental exposures are likely to contribute to carotid IMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard S Liu
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sophie Dunn
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Emergency Department, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anneke C Grobler
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katherine Lange
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Denise Becker
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Greta Goldsmith
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - John B Carlin
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Markus Juonala
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Melissa Wake
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics and the Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - David P Burgner
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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5
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Chen KYH, Messina N, Germano S, Bonnici R, Freyne B, Cheung M, Goldsmith G, Kollmann TR, Levin M, Burgner D, Curtis N. Innate immune responses following Kawasaki disease and toxic shock syndrome. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191830. [PMID: 29447181 PMCID: PMC5813928 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease (KD) remains unknown and there is accumulating evidence for the importance of the innate immune system in initiating and mediating the host inflammatory response. We compared innate immune responses in KD and toxic shock syndrome (TSS) participants more than two years after their acute illness with control participants to investigate differences in their immune phenotype. Toxic shock syndrome shares many clinical features with KD; by including both disease groups we endeavoured to explore changes in innate immune responses following acute inflammatory illnesses more broadly. We measured the in vitro production of interferon (IFN)-γ, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), and IL-10 following whole blood stimulation with toll-like receptor and inflammasome ligands in 52 KD, 20 TSS, and 53 control participants in a case-control study. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, and unstimulated cytokine concentrations. Compared to controls, KD participants have reduced IL-1ra production in response to stimulation with double stranded RNA (geometric mean ratio (GMR) 0.37, 95% CI 0.15, 0.89, p = 0.03) and increased IL-6 production in response to incubation with Lyovec™ (GMR 5.48, 95% CI 1.77, 16.98, p = 0.004). Compared to controls, TSS participants have increased IFN-γ production in response to peptidoglycan (GMR 4.07, 95% CI 1.82, 9.11, p = 0.001), increased IL-1β production to lipopolysaccharide (GMR 1.64, 95% CI 1.13, 2.38, p = 0.01) and peptidoglycan (GMR 1.61, 95% CI 1.11, 2.33, p = 0.01), and increased IL-6 production to peptidoglycan (GMR 1.45, 95% CI 1.10, 1.92, p = 0.01). Years following the acute illness, individuals with previous KD or TSS exhibit a pro-inflammatory innate immune phenotype suggesting a possible underlying immunological susceptibility or innate immune memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Y. H. Chen
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
- Infectious Diseases Unit and Department of General Medicine, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Nicole Messina
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Susie Germano
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Rhian Bonnici
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Bridget Freyne
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
- Infectious Diseases Unit and Department of General Medicine, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Michael Cheung
- Heart Research Group, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Greta Goldsmith
- Heart Research Group, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Tobias R. Kollmann
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michael Levin
- Paediatric Infectious diseases group, Division of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingodm
| | - David Burgner
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Nigel Curtis
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
- Infectious Diseases Unit and Department of General Medicine, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Mynard J, Goldsmith G, Eastaugh L, Lane G, Springall G, Avolio A, Smolich J, Cheung M. P24 BRACHIAL AND CENTRAL SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURES FROM TWO OSCILLOMETRIC DEVICES (SPHYGMOCOR AND MOBIL-O-GRAPH) OVERESTIMATE HIGH FIDELITY INTRA-ARTERIAL MEASUREMENTS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: RESULTS OF THE KIDCOREBP STUDY. Artery Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.artres.2018.10.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Cotarlan V, Johnson F, Franzwa J, Inampudi C, Emerenini U, Tandon R, Tahir R, Nabeel Y, Goerbig J, Light-McGroary K, Goldsmith G, Giudici M. Biventricular Pacing Has No Acute Hemodynamic Benefit Over Right Ventricular Pacing or Intrinsic Rhythm in LVAD Patients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Srivastava M, Nambiar M, Sharma S, Karki SS, Goldsmith G, Hegde M, Kumar S, Pandey M, Singh RK, Ray P, Natarajan R, Kelkar M, De A, Choudhary B, Raghavan SC. An inhibitor of nonhomologous end-joining abrogates double-strand break repair and impedes cancer progression. Cell 2013; 151:1474-87. [PMID: 23260137 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2012.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Revised: 03/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
DNA Ligase IV is responsible for sealing of double-strand breaks (DSBs) during nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ). Inhibiting Ligase IV could result in amassing of DSBs, thereby serving as a strategy toward treatment of cancer. Here, we identify a molecule, SCR7 that inhibits joining of DSBs in cell-free repair system. SCR7 blocks Ligase IV-mediated joining by interfering with its DNA binding but not that of T4 DNA Ligase or Ligase I. SCR7 inhibits NHEJ in a Ligase IV-dependent manner within cells, and activates the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. More importantly, SCR7 impedes tumor progression in mouse models and when coadministered with DSB-inducing therapeutic modalities enhances their sensitivity significantly. This inhibitor to target NHEJ offers a strategy toward the treatment of cancer and improvement of existing regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinal Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India
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Goldsmith G, Dore D, Winzenberg T, Jones G, Sharman J. P1.25 IN OLDER ADULTS, SEDENTARY TIME IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED BRACHIAL PULSE PRESSURE INDEPENDENT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVELS AND AGE. Artery Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.artres.2012.09.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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10
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Nambiar M, Goldsmith G, Moorthy BT, Lieber MR, Joshi MV, Choudhary B, Hosur RV, Raghavan SC. Formation of a G-quadruplex at the BCL2 major breakpoint region of the t(14;18) translocation in follicular lymphoma. Nucleic Acids Res 2010; 39:936-48. [PMID: 20880994 PMCID: PMC3035451 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkq824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The t(14;18) translocation in follicular lymphoma is one of the most common chromosomal translocations. Most breaks on chromosome 18 are located at the 3′-UTR of the BCL2 gene and are mainly clustered in the major breakpoint region (MBR). Recently, we found that the BCL2 MBR has a non-B DNA character in genomic DNA. Here, we show that single-stranded DNA modeled from the template strand of the BCL2 MBR, forms secondary structures that migrate faster on native PAGE in the presence of potassium, due to the formation of intramolecular G-quadruplexes. Circular dichroism shows evidence for a parallel orientation for G-quadruplex structures in the template strand of the BCL2 MBR. Mutagenesis and the DMS modification assay confirm the presence of three guanine tetrads in the structure. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance studies further confirm the formation of an intramolecular G-quadruplex and a representative model has been built based on all of the experimental evidence. We also provide data consistent with the possible formation of a G-quadruplex structure at the BCL2 MBR within mammalian cells. In summary, these important features could contribute to the single-stranded character at the BCL2 MBR, thereby contributing to chromosomal fragility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mridula Nambiar
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012, India
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Glisson SD, LaRocca RV, Hargis JB, Cervera A, Goldsmith G, Cornell B, Repishti DD, Sunderland JE. A phase II clinical trial utilizing maximum medical and surgical cytoredutive treatments for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer to the liver. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e15130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e15130 Background: The median overall survival (‘OS‘) for patients with mCRC treated with chemotherapy is about 20.4 months. Combination chemotherapy with surgical cytoreduction for patients with liver metastases are evaluated in a phase II clinical trial. Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed mCRC to the liver or recurrent CRC after 5FU failure were consented to receive further chemotherapy with at least irinotecan-based chemotherapy, oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy, and with the intention to treat the liver metastases with either RFA and/or liver resection between chemotherapy regimens whenever possible. Bevacizamab and cetuximab were considered options for treatment after their respective FDA approvals. Chemotherapy was given until there was treatment failure. The primary endpoint was OS. Results: Between 2001 and 2004 thirty-seven patients aged 41 to 79 were consented. One remained alive by December 2008. Only patients with an ECOG performance status of 0–1 were consented. Twenty had been treated with 5FU for a stage III CRC befored developing mCRC. All patients received irinotecan in the form of FOLFIRI, IFL, or as a single agent. Thirty-six also received oxaliplatin in the form of either FOLFOX4 or 6. Twenty-two patients received cetuximab as a single agent. Some regimens were augmented with bevacizumab. Fourteen patients could not undergo resection or RFA because of performance status or progression. Three required radiation to the CNS or distant bone. There were eleven patients who underwent RFA of at least one liver metastasis. There were ten patients who underwent liver resection. One patient underwent both RFA and liver resection at two different times. Another patient underwent RFA, adrenalectomy and wedge resection of the lung at three different times. He remained alive at 78 months at the time of submission. Median OS was 34.5+ months at the time of submission. Patient survival ranged from 15 to 86 months. There were no deaths associated with any surgical intervention. Conclusions: OS was improved in mCRC patients or recurrent CRC patients who had potentially ablatable or resectable liver lesions at the time of their diagnosis and who were treated with available aggressive medical and surgical therapies. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- S. D. Glisson
- Brown Frazier Cancer Center at JHSMH, Louisville, KY; Kentuckiana Cancer Institute, PLLC, Louisville, KY; Jewish Hospital and St. Mary HealthCare, Louisville, KY
| | - R. V. LaRocca
- Brown Frazier Cancer Center at JHSMH, Louisville, KY; Kentuckiana Cancer Institute, PLLC, Louisville, KY; Jewish Hospital and St. Mary HealthCare, Louisville, KY
| | - J. B. Hargis
- Brown Frazier Cancer Center at JHSMH, Louisville, KY; Kentuckiana Cancer Institute, PLLC, Louisville, KY; Jewish Hospital and St. Mary HealthCare, Louisville, KY
| | - A. Cervera
- Brown Frazier Cancer Center at JHSMH, Louisville, KY; Kentuckiana Cancer Institute, PLLC, Louisville, KY; Jewish Hospital and St. Mary HealthCare, Louisville, KY
| | - G. Goldsmith
- Brown Frazier Cancer Center at JHSMH, Louisville, KY; Kentuckiana Cancer Institute, PLLC, Louisville, KY; Jewish Hospital and St. Mary HealthCare, Louisville, KY
| | - B. Cornell
- Brown Frazier Cancer Center at JHSMH, Louisville, KY; Kentuckiana Cancer Institute, PLLC, Louisville, KY; Jewish Hospital and St. Mary HealthCare, Louisville, KY
| | - D. D. Repishti
- Brown Frazier Cancer Center at JHSMH, Louisville, KY; Kentuckiana Cancer Institute, PLLC, Louisville, KY; Jewish Hospital and St. Mary HealthCare, Louisville, KY
| | - J. E. Sunderland
- Brown Frazier Cancer Center at JHSMH, Louisville, KY; Kentuckiana Cancer Institute, PLLC, Louisville, KY; Jewish Hospital and St. Mary HealthCare, Louisville, KY
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Glisson SD, Laber DA, Hargis JB, Kosfeld RE, Goldsmith G, Cervera A, La Rocca RV. Final results of a phase II study of higher dose docetaxel in androgen independent prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.4759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. D. Glisson
- Kentuckiana Cancer Institute PLLC, Louisville, KY; Univ of Louisville, J. G. Brown Cancer Ctr, Louisville, KY
| | - D. A. Laber
- Kentuckiana Cancer Institute PLLC, Louisville, KY; Univ of Louisville, J. G. Brown Cancer Ctr, Louisville, KY
| | - J. B. Hargis
- Kentuckiana Cancer Institute PLLC, Louisville, KY; Univ of Louisville, J. G. Brown Cancer Ctr, Louisville, KY
| | - R. E. Kosfeld
- Kentuckiana Cancer Institute PLLC, Louisville, KY; Univ of Louisville, J. G. Brown Cancer Ctr, Louisville, KY
| | - G. Goldsmith
- Kentuckiana Cancer Institute PLLC, Louisville, KY; Univ of Louisville, J. G. Brown Cancer Ctr, Louisville, KY
| | - A. Cervera
- Kentuckiana Cancer Institute PLLC, Louisville, KY; Univ of Louisville, J. G. Brown Cancer Ctr, Louisville, KY
| | - R. V. La Rocca
- Kentuckiana Cancer Institute PLLC, Louisville, KY; Univ of Louisville, J. G. Brown Cancer Ctr, Louisville, KY
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13
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Goldsmith G, Ward K, Banken J, Grainger J. Quality improvement programs depend on team work. J Ark Med Soc 2000; 97:164-9. [PMID: 12876821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
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Tarantino MD, Goldsmith G. Treatment of acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Semin Hematol 1998; 35:28-35. [PMID: 9523747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Medical history, physical examination, and laboratory testing are essential to arriving at the diagnosis of acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). A history of recent viral illness occurs in about half of the pediatric patients who present with acute symptoms of ITP. The physical examination is normal except for purpura; a complete blood cell count with a differential white blood cell count can be used to confirm the diagnosis of acute ITP. Treatment decisions for acute ITP remain controversial. Treatment generally is designed to prevent life-threatening complications, such as intracranial hemorrhage, and may include single or combination therapy with corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), anti-D, and splenectomy. Corticosteroids are inexpensive and offer an alluring option, especially in the recent era of cost-containment. The often slow platelet response and the potentially severe adverse effects of corticosteroid therapy are frequently a deterrent. IVIg usually leads to a rapid rise in platelet count; however, IVIg is very expensive and adverse effects associated with its infusion are common and sometimes troublesome. The role of anti-D in acute ITP is still evolving. It is similar to IVIg in platelet response and is considerably less expensive. Some degree of hemolysis, the main adverse reaction with anti-D, is inevitable due to the binding of anti-D antibody to Rh-positive erythrocytes. However, most cases of hemolysis do not require medical intervention. Splenectomy is reserved for refractory thrombocytopenia with life-threatening hemorrhage in acute ITP or after recurrent severe thrombocytopenia in chronic ITP. Other immunomodulatory therapies are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Tarantino
- University of Louisville School of Medicine, KY 40202, USA
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Goldsmith G. Gastrointestinal endoscopy privileges in Arkansas--a hospital survey. J Ark Med Soc 1996; 93:231-3. [PMID: 8908942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G Goldsmith
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, UAMS, USA
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Djulbegovic B, Marasa M, Pesto A, Kushner GM, Hadley T, Joseph G, Goldsmith G. Safety and efficacy of purified factor IX concentrate and antifibrinolytic agents for dental extractions in hemophilia B. Am J Hematol 1996; 51:168-70. [PMID: 8579061 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8652(199602)51:2<168::aid-ajh14>3.0.co;2-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of combined treatment with epsilon-aminocaproic acid or tranexamic acid and monoclonal antibody purified factor IX (MAb factor IX) for prophylaxis against bleeding in eight hemophilia B patients undergoing nine dental extraction procedures. All patients achieved excellent hemostasis without clinical evidence of thrombosis. There were no significant changes in hemoglobin or hematocrit or in markers of hemostatic system activation (prothrombin fragment F1+2, fibrinopeptide A, and fragment B beta 15-42) after surgery. Thus, a highly purified factor IX concentrate and antifibrinolytic therapy can be effectively and safely combined in hemophilia B patients undergoing dental extractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Djulbegovic
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
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Harris EN, Goldsmith G, Pierangeli S, Gharavi A, Branch W. Phospholipid binding antibodies warrant continued investigation. Blood 1995; 85:2276-7. [PMID: 7794354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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Abstract
A prospective, one-month diary study was conducted with 23 adult irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients in order to determine the relationship between IBS and the quality of sleep. Subjects were screened through history and diagnostic studies. Accepted patients then completed a daily diary of IBS symptoms and sleep quality. At baseline, most subjects (74%) characterized themselves as "poor sleepers." Using pooled time series analysis, the study found a significant correlation between morning IBS symptoms and the quality of the prior night's sleep (P < 0.001), a finding not previously reported in the literature. A less strong but still significant correlation (P < 0.05) was found between end of day IBS symptoms and the quality of sleep during the prior evening. Morning IBS symptoms seem to rise or fall in close association with the prior night's quality of sleep. The study supports the hypothesis that IBS symptoms are related to a disturbance in sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Goldsmith
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock 72205-9985
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Goldsmith G. Addressing Arkansas' rural primary care challenges. J Ark Med Soc 1993; 90:211-5. [PMID: 8253643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Universal health coverage may become a reality by the year 2000 and implies a greater need for primary care physicians in rural Arkansas in the 21st century. We can start this decade to build the capacity for an outstanding rural primary care system for the next century. The number of rural primary care physicians can be increased by 1) placing a high priority on recruiting more students to primary care, 2) improving the attractiveness of rural practice, and 3) improving the long-term financial viability of rural primary care. The quality of rural primary care will be greatly influenced by changes in information technology. Medical outreach activities from urban centers to rural communities and changes in rural medical infrastructures will be necessary as we approach the year 2000.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Goldsmith
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, UAMS
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20
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Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that the lupus anticoagulant (LA) may be specific for prothrombin, prothrombin-phospholipid complexes, or beta 2 glycoprotein 1 (beta 2GP1) rather than phospholipids. We performed a series of experiments to determine whether LA is indeed phospholipid specific. IgG was purified from sera of six patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and 10 healthy controls. The six IgG-APS preparations had both LA and anticardiolipin (aCL) activity. Incubation of the six IgG-APS preparations with cardiolipin (CL), phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylcholine (PC), or PS/PC (20:80) liposomes in Tris-buffered saline, resulted in loss of LA activity from the supernatant. We postulated that loss of activity might have resulted from absorption of IgG LA antibodies by phospholipids, a dilutional effect, or the presence of phospholipids in the supernatant causing 'by-pass' of IgG LA inhibitory activity. To distinguish between these possibilities, we re-isolated IgG from the supernatants and re-tested them for LA activity. IgG re-isolated from the PS. CL and PS/PC supernatants had no LA activity, but LA activity remained in the PC supernatant. This suggested that IgG with LA activity was absorbed by negatively charged but not by zwitterionic phospholipids. In like manner, PS, CL and PS/PC, but not PC liposomes, absorbed IgG with aCL activity. Mixtures of the phospholipid liposomes with beta 2GP1 did not modify the absorption of IgG with LA or aCL activity. Finally, we demonstrated that IgG eluted from immunoglobulin-cardiolipin liposome complexes had LA activity. Based on these findings, we conclude that at least one population of antibodies with LA activity is phospholipid specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Pierangeli
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Kentucky 40292
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Damtew B, Goldsmith G, Tserng KY, Spagnuolo PJ. Human neutrophil adhesion to bovine aortic endothelium. Evidence for endothelial lipoxygenase activity. J Leukoc Biol 1993; 53:619-29. [PMID: 8391052 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.53.6.619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the effect of phorbol myristate acetate on cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells to determine the role of endothelial cells in neutrophil-endothelial cell adhesive interactions. Confluent endothelial cells were preincubated with phorbol myristate acetate and other inflammatory signals including N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (f-Met-Leu-Phe), the ionophore A23187, and thrombin; washed extensively; and incubated with 51Cr-labeled neutrophils. Preincubation of endothelium with A23187, phorbol ester, or thrombin increased adherence of neutrophils by 3.1-, 5.7-, and 3.7-fold over baseline. In contrast, f-Met-Leu-Phe preincubation failed to increase adhesion over baseline. Supernatants from endothelium preincubated with phorbol failed to augment adherence of untreated endothelial cells. Preincubation of endothelium with lipoxygenase inhibitors nordihydroguaiaretic acid (50 microM), 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (50 microM), and BW755C (50 microM) inhibited the effect of phorbol preincubation of endothelium significantly by 55, 27, and 22%, respectively. In contrast, inhibitors of cyclooxygenase and thromboxane synthase or thromboxane receptor antagonists had no effect on phorbol-induced adhesion. Specific desensitization of neutrophil adhesion to phorbol-treated endothelium could be demonstrated by prior exposure of neutrophils to low concentrations of leukotriene B4 (3.8 x 10(-10) M). Endothelium preincubated with phorbol but not f-Met-Leu-Phe or thrombin produced several fatty acid peaks at 280 nm, one of which comigrated with authentic leukotriene B4 (LTB4). This peak, isolated and purified, increased endothelial cell adherence in a temporal fashion in the same way as LTB4 and was demonstrated to be LTB4 by ultraviolet spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography, and mass spectroscopy. These data demonstrate that endothelial cell-derived lipoxygenase metabolites, in particular LTB4, are involved, in part, in the acute regulation of neutrophil adhesion to endothelium induced by inflammatory signals such as phorbol ester.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Damtew
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Ohio
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Goldsmith G. Addressing the state's need for primary care. J Ark Med Soc 1992; 89:173-5. [PMID: 1400089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Check JH, Chase JS, Nowroozi K, Goldsmith G, Dietterich C. Evidence that difference in size of fraternal twins may originate during early gestation: a case report. Int J Fertil 1992; 37:165-6. [PMID: 1355762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
We describe a woman who conceived by in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer (ET). Transvaginal ultrasound demonstrated at least 1 week's difference in size of twin gestations from 1 month post-transfer of embryos to delivery. Differences in sac size, crown-rump length, and gestational growth are discussed, as are implications of ultrasound in early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Check
- University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Camden
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Check JH, Nowroozi K, Nazari A, Baker A, Goldsmith G. In vitro fertilization-embryo transfer in three women with ovarian failure. J In Vitro Fert Embryo Transf 1990; 7:45-6. [PMID: 2338515 DOI: 10.1007/bf01133883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Attempts at in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) for women with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and bilateral tubal disease demonstrated a very low fertilization rate and no clinical pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Check
- UMDNJ, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Camden, Cooper Hospital University Medical Center, Department Ob/Gyn
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Abstract
Schaffer collaterals of rat and mouse hippocampal slices were stimulated with bursts of pulses (300 Hz for 50 ms, 2-s intervals) for 30-s which caused a stable increase in the size of the population spike known as long-term potentiation. The release of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) was measured with a luciferase-luciferine system and the light emitted was recorded with a photomultiplier placed beneath a modified slice chamber. ATP release was observed shortly after the start of stimulation and was quantified by comparison with the response of standard solutions of ATP. No ATP release was observed in a Ca2+ free solution or after low frequency stimulation (1 Hz). Glutamate (2 mM), applied without electrical stimulation, did not evoke ATP release. Also, the glutamate receptor blocker, kynurenic acid (10 mM), did not block ATP release. It is concluded that ATP is released from electrically stimulated hippocampal slices from presynaptic nerve terminals in a calcium-dependent fashion and may play a role in the modulation of synaptic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wieraszko
- Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167
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Goldsmith G, Brodwick M. Assessing the functional status of older patients with chronic illness. Fam Med 1989; 21:38-41. [PMID: 2721849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the value of using a validated functional assessment instrument, the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP), with older, chronically ill patients seeking care at the family physician's office. The SIP was completed by the patient and the family physician on patients 55 years of age or older who were seen at a family practice residency clinic. The study used stratified, random assignment in an experimental design to compare physician and patient reaction to the SIP. Both physicians (residents and faculty) and patients felt the SIP was useful in detecting disabilities. Approximately half of the physicians felt the SIP was helpful in patient management. Patients reported twice as many disabilities as were reported by physicians. Half of the clinic physicians had the opportunity to review a patient's SIP immediately prior to a visit. They recognized more disabilities and agreed more often with the patients about the presence of a disability. The physicians felt the SIP was too lengthy to assimilate easily into the clinic setting. Use of a functional assessment instrument is advocated because of its ability to increase both physician awareness and physician-patient communication regarding the presence of a functional deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Goldsmith
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk 23501
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Dickenson AH, Goldsmith G. Evidence for a role of 5-hydroxytryptamine in the responses of rat raphe magnus neurones to peripheral noxious stimuli. Neuropharmacology 1986; 25:863-8. [PMID: 3022179 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(86)90012-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The role of serotoninergic mechanisms in the responses of neurones in the nucleus raphe magnus to peripheral noxious stimuli was investigated in rats anaesthetized with halothane. In normal animals a large proportion of neurones responded to peripheral noxious stimuli with excitation or inhibition, the direction of the response being dependent on the spontaneous activity of the neurone. Pretreatment with p-chlorophenylalanine (pCPA; 300 mg/kg X 3 days) led to a marked reduction in the number of cells responding to peripheral stimuli. Similarly, the injection of metergoline (5 mg/kg, i.v.) in normal animals caused a reduction in the magnitude of the neuronal responses to noxious stimuli. The results are discussed with regard to the role of serotoninergic mechanisms in the control of nociceptive transmission by this nucleus.
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Goldsmith G, Patterson M. Irritable bowel syndrome: treatment update. Am Fam Physician 1985; 31:191-5. [PMID: 3966308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Patients with irritable bowel syndrome may be classified as "psychologic reactors," "food reactors" or "mixed reactors." The management approach is tailored to the reactive pattern. Education and reassurance are paramount in the management of irritable bowel syndrome. Psychologic reactors may benefit from antidepressant therapy, psychotherapy, relaxation training and biofeedback. Eliminating offending foods from the diet may provide relief in food reactors. Regular exercise may be especially salutary in patients with constipation.
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Goldsmith G. Factors influencing family practice residency selection: a national survey. J Fam Pract 1982; 15:121-124. [PMID: 7086373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The changes in family practice residency selection from 1978 to 1981 were studied by means of a questionnaire, and selection of family practice residency was identified by region. The relationship between the administrative status of family practice (department, division, or no formal unit) and selection of family practice residency was studied, and the opinions of medical school faculty respondents were sought concerning why interest in family practice has increased (or decreased) at their institution. The average percentage of graduates selecting family practice residency varies by region. Schools with stronger institutional commitment to family practice, as evidenced by departmental status, have a higher percentage of graduates entering family practice. Respondents felt that the presence or absence of student contact with family practice was the most important reason for changes seen in residency choice.
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Goldsmith G. Family practice. J Med Educ 1982; 57:77-78. [PMID: 7054515 DOI: 10.1097/00001888-198201000-00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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Goldsmith G. Eliciting patients opinions about your office. J Mark Prof 1981; 2:9-12. [PMID: 6940999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Goldsmith G, Ngissah K, Woolsey J. Teaching medical students to stay healthy. West J Med 1980; 132:251-2. [PMID: 7376664 PMCID: PMC1272045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Goldsmith G. Physician migration: beware the easy way. Can Med Assoc J 1978; 119:784-6. [PMID: 709482 PMCID: PMC1818768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Saito H, Goldsmith G, Waldmann R. Fitzgerald factor (high molecular weight kininogen) clotting activity in human plasma in health and disease in various animal plasmas. Blood 1976; 48:941-7. [PMID: 1000085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fitzgerald factor (high molecular weight kininogen) is an agent in normal human plasma that corrects the impaired in vitro surface-mediated plasma reactions of blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, and kinin generation observed in Fitzgerald trait plasma. To assess the possible pathophysiologic role of Fitzgerald factor, its titer was measured by a functional clot-promoting assay. Mean +/- SD in 42 normal adults was 0.99+/-0.25 units/ml, one unit being the activity in 1 ml of normal pooled plasma. No difference in titer was noted between normal men and women, during pregnancy, or after physical exercise. Fitzgerald factor activity was significantly reduced in the plasmas of eight patients with advanced hepatic cirrhosis (0.40+/-0.09 units/ml) and of ten patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (0.60+/-0.30 units/ml), but was normal in plasmas of patients with other congenital clotting factor deficiencies, nephrotic syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, or sarcoidosis, or under treatment with warfarin. The plasmas of 21 mammalian species tested appeared to contain Fitzgerald factor activity, but those of two avian, two repitilian, and one amphibian species did not correct the coagulant defect in Fitzgerald trait plasmas.
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