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Rojo MO, Prince LY, Li C, McSweeney JC. Heart Disease Knowledge and Awareness in African American and Hispanic Women. South Med J 2023; 116:783-789. [PMID: 37788811 PMCID: PMC10558080 DOI: 10.14423/smj.0000000000001610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among US women. Minority women have higher rates of CHD and are more likely to experience adverse outcomes. Because of racial disparities in CHD outcomes, the purpose of this study was to assess CHD knowledge and awareness in African American and Hispanic women. METHODS Using a survey research design, a convenience sample of African American and Hispanic women was surveyed in their local communities. CHD knowledge, awareness, and demographic data were collected using an online survey. The survey was administered in English and Spanish using an iPad. CHD knowledge was assessed using a 7-item survey based on the American Heart Association's Life's Simple 7 brochure. CHD awareness was assessed using a 7-item survey adapted from the American Heart Association's Survey of Women's Cardiovascular Disease Awareness. CHD knowledge was scored on a scale of 0 to 7, and awareness was assessed based on responses to each question. The data analysis consisted of cross-tabulations and multivariable repeated measures analysis. We assessed differences in CHD knowledge and awareness based on race/ethnicity. We hypothesized that there would be statistically significant differences in CHD knowledge and awareness based on specific demographic factors (eg, age, income, education, health literacy). RESULTS A total of 100 African American (n=50) and Hispanic (n = 50) women participated in the study. Results revealed that CHD knowledge and awareness were limited for both groups. Seventy-three percent of participants (African American 66%; Hispanic 80%) did not know that CHD is the leading cause of death in women and 75% (African American 60%; Hispanic 90%) were moderately or not at all informed about CHD. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the need for more research on innovative strategies to improve CHD knowledge and awareness, particularly in African American and Hispanic women who are at highest risk, thereby addressing racial/ethnic and gender disparities in CHD morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chenghui Li
- the College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
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González Casanova I, Martínez Rodriguez DL, Ortiz Brunel J, Rangel Gómez MG, de Groot M, Fernández A. Barriers and facilitators to mental health promotion for Mexican immigrants in the U.S. through the Ventanillas de Salud program. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1268253. [PMID: 37841719 PMCID: PMC10569420 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1268253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mental health promotion and screenings are recommended as part of standard preventive care. Mexican immigrants in the U.S. are at high risk for mental health illness especially after the COVID-19 pandemic, however access to mental health prevention for this population has been limited, which results in important implementation and equity gaps. The Ventanilla de Salud (VDS) program provides preventive services through Mexican consulates in the U.S. Objective The objective of this study was to assess capability, opportunity, and motivation for promotores to implement mental health programming through the VDS, leveraging early experiences of ongoing mental health prevention efforts. Methods This was a qualitative study using the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation for Behavior Change model (COM-B). We conducted 9 focus groups with 40 VDS promotores and 6 semi-structured interviews with program stakeholders. Data were analyzed using inductive and deductive coding. Results We found high levels of interest from the leadership, partners, and promotores to provide mental health services through the VDS. Early implementation of a mental health strategy that included training sessions for promotores and mental health promotion, screenings and referrals for VDS users was ongoing. We identified facilitators and barriers that could affect capability, opportunity, and motivation to provide mental health services. Facilitators included promotores' extensive knowledge about the importance of mental health, promotores service mindset and commitment to provide services to VDS users, and general support from the VDS network and partners. Barriers included promotores' turnover, need for additional economic compensation, burnout, competing priorities, and lack of mental health professionals to provide clinical services or supervision. Additional investments are recommended to support promotores' well-being. Conclusion The main lesson learned from this study was that investing in VDS promotores' training, resources, and well-being is key to their capability, opportunity and motivation to provide mental health services for Mexican immigrants in the US. Results from this study can be applied to improve the ongoing VDS mental health strategy and increase its impact on the mental health of Mexican immigrants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés González Casanova
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | | | - Julissa Ortiz Brunel
- Department of Sciences of Human Movement, University Center for Health Sciences, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | | | - Mary de Groot
- Division of Internal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Alicia Fernández
- San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Godoy-Henderson C, Hiestand E, Schluter E, Olson E, Tacheny J, Crusan A, Hearst MO. A campus-based community clinic and food-shelf join efforts to reduce food insecurity using a One Health approach toward building a vibrant living system. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-5. [PMID: 37463519 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2232461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
This report describes a One Health approach to address food insecurity among two distinct campus populations-college students and patients at a campus-based community health clinic serving Latine adults. The multidisciplinary collaboration includes college staff, faculty, and students, and the founders, both women-centered institutions. Organic community gardens located on and near campus property, pollinated by campus-based beehives, contribute local organic produce to a campus-based food shelf increasing food security and nutritional health for both populations. The One Health system modeled in this report is a step toward building a vibrant community and demonstrates how others can be a part of the larger One Health movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Godoy-Henderson
- Public Health and Social Work Programs, St. Catherine University, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ellen Hiestand
- Occupational Therapy Program, St. Catherine University, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Emma Schluter
- Nutrition Program, St. Catherine University, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Erica Olson
- Nutrition Program, St. Catherine University, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jennifer Tacheny
- Celeste Dream, Sisters of St. Joseph of Carondelet, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ambria Crusan
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, St. Catherine University, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mary O Hearst
- Public Health Department, St. Catherine University, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
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Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Toward Cardiovascular Diseases in the Lebanese Population. Glob Heart 2022; 17:47. [PMID: 36051313 PMCID: PMC9336688 DOI: 10.5334/gh.1138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & Objective: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death globally. Assessing CVD knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) is necessary to spread awareness about CVD in Lebanon, their corresponding risk factors, and behaviors in which individuals can avoid or minimize the possibility of developing a CVD. Subjects & Methods: This was a case-control analytical study that targeted 921 CVD and non-CVD subjects. A questionnaire form was used to collect data related to patients’ demographics, socioeconomic status, habits, medical and family history, KAP towards CVD, and source of information. Data was analyzed using SPSS v.25. Results: Data from 921 participants were distributed over the CVD group (52.6% males aged 58.3 ± 13.7 years [n = 460]) and the non-CVD group (47.7% males aged 36.3 ± 15.4 years [n = 461]). CVD patients were significantly older than non-CVD subjects (p < 0.001). All three KAP scores of both groups were of poor to fair levels. Both CVD knowledge and attitude mean scores in CVD patients (26.6 ± 5.2 over 40 [66.50%] and 63.3 ± 10.2 over 85 [74.47%], respectively) were significantly higher than the ones of non-CVD subjects (23.5 ± 7.9 over 40 [58.75%] and 61.4 ± 12.4 over 85 [72.74%], respectively, p < 0.001). However, the CVD mean practice score was significantly lower in CVD patients (6.0 ± 1.7 over 9 [66.67%]) than the one of non-CVD subjects (6.3 ± 2.2 over 9 [70.00%] p < 0.001). Mostly, educational level (p < 0.001), governorate (p < 0.01), and smoking (p < 0.001) were predictors of KAP CVD in both groups. Conclusion: With an overall limited knowledge, attitude, and practice toward CVDs, the Lebanese population (with CVD or non-CVD) needs targeted national campaigns about CVD according to the identified predictors of CVD KAP to prevent and to alleviate the complications due to CVDs.
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San Diego ERN, Merz EL. Diabetes knowledge, fatalism and type 2 diabetes-preventive behavior in an ethnically diverse sample of college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022; 70:385-394. [PMID: 32369714 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2020.1751175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective This study examined diabetes knowledge, health fatalism (the belief that health outcomes are outside one's control), and their interaction, as predictors of Type 2 Diabetes preventive behavior. Participants: Ethnically diverse college students (N = 345) without prior diagnosis of diabetes. Methods: Cross-sectional design using validated self-report measures. Results: Respondents answered approximately half of the diabetes knowledge items correctly. Physical activity and sedentary behavior were not predicted by diabetes knowledge, fatalism, or their interaction. Higher diabetes knowledge was associated with a healthier diet among individuals with low fatalism. Greater fatalism was associated with a poorer diet among individuals with moderate or high diabetes knowledge. Conclusions: Diabetes knowledge was moderate in this college student sample. Greater knowledge was linked with a healthier diet among those with sense of personal control over their health. College health educators may consider emphasizing modifiability of health behaviors in conjunction with Type 2 diabetes education efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Rose N San Diego
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Carson, California, USA
- Division of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of Memphis, School of Public Health, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Erin L Merz
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Carson, California, USA
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Roohafza H, Askari M, Nouri F, Talaei M, Sarrafzadegan N, Sadeghi M. Do coping strategies really affect cardiovascular events? The Isfahan cohort study of adults in Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2021; 21:483-490. [PMID: 34849720 DOI: 10.1093/eurjcn/zvab110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Psychological factors are among the most suspected indicators which may cause atherosclerosis. Coping strategies modifying psychological stress may be significantly associated with health outcomes. However, little is known about the influence of adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies on major adverse cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. The purpose of this study is to examine this idea among a sample of adults. Design: cohort study. METHODS AND RESULTS The Isfahan cohort study (ICS) is a longitudinal population-based, prospective study. Participants (N=6323 individuals aged 35 years or greater at baseline) were selected by multistage random sampling with 6-year intervals (i.e. 2001: 6323 individuals, 2007: 3296 individuals, and 2013: 1706 individuals). Adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies were evaluated by a multicomponent self-administered stress management paper-based questionnaire. All CVD events were confirmed by a blinded panel of experts and a marginal cox regression model was used to model the survival data. Adaptive coping strategies could be protective against CVD events with hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) [0.97 (0.95-0.99)] and maladaptive coping strategies seem to be a risk factor, 1.02 (1.01-1.04) in the whole population. Individuals younger than 60 showed similar results, with 0.96 (0.93-0.98) and 1.04 (1.01-1.07) for adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies, respectively. However, these findings were not replicated among seniors older than age 60. CONCLUSION Based on our results, coping strategies have an important role in cardiovascular events, particularly among young adults. According to the results, informing patients about adaptive stress management may promote primary prevention of CVD events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Roohafza
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8166173414, Iran
| | - Mozhde Askari
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8166173414, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nouri
- Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8166173414, Iran
| | - Mohammad Talaei
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AB, UK
| | - Nizal Sarrafzadegan
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8166173414, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Sadeghi
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8166173414, Iran
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Shams P, Hussain M, Karani S, Mahmood S, Hasan A, Siddiqi S, Virani SS, Samad Z. Can Sound Public Health Policies Stem the Tide of Burgeoning Epidemic of Cardiovascular Disease in South Asians? Curr Cardiol Rep 2021; 23:181. [PMID: 34687374 PMCID: PMC8536473 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-021-01612-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To revisit the importance of prevention strategies and policies in reducing the burden of ischemic heart disease in South Asian countries. RECENT FINDINGS South Asia has seen rapid growth in its population with variable improvement in health indicators such as life expectancy at birth over the last three decades. Parallel to these improvements, there has been a stark rise in noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) but without a commensurate improvement in infrastructure/policies and health system interventions to address NCDs. South Asia is the epicenter of the cardiovascular disease (CVD) epidemic in Asia. It has a population that manifests accelerated atherosclerosis at a younger age. Poverty, lower health literacy, lack of health-promoting behaviors, poor urban design, rising air pollution, weak health systems, and lack and poor implementation of existing policies contribute to the continued rise in the incidence of CVD and the associated case fatality rates. A relatively young population presents an opportunity for implementation of prevention measures now which if not adequately utilized will result in an exponential rise in the CVD burden. There is a large gap between policymaking and implementation in this part of the world. Economic realities further constrain coverage of prevention policies; and therefore, stronger collaboration between governments, stakeholders, civil society, and regional and international funding agencies is needed to universally implement prevention strategies in South Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pirbhat Shams
- Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Salima Karani
- Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sana Mahmood
- CITRIC Health Data Science Center, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Sameen Siddiqi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Salim S Virani
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | - Zainab Samad
- Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
- Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
- CITRIC Health Data Science Center, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
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Factors Influencing Physical Activity Participation among Midlife Immigrant Women: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115590. [PMID: 34073788 PMCID: PMC8197266 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Immigrant women are less likely to be physically active and face many barriers to participation in physical activity. This systematic review aims to identify the influencing factors and adaption approaches of physical activity interventions among midlife immigrant women. A systematic literature search was performed using various databases, such as MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL, in February 2021. Studies were included if they investigated midlife immigrant women participating in physical activity interventions and were published in an English peer-reviewed journal in or after 2000. Twenty-two papers were included in this review. Guided by the Ecosocial theory, thematic analysis was utilized for data analysis. Among midlife immigrant women, influencing factors associated with physical activity participation included individual factors (a lack of time, current health status, motivation, and a lack of proficiency in various life skills), familial factors (familial support and seasonality), and community factors (social support and neighbourhood environment). The appropriate adaptation of physical activity interventions included adjustments in language, physical activity intensity, physical activity duration, logistical intervention adjustments and other potential technology-based adjustments. The findings can inform community stakeholders, healthcare professionals and researchers to design appropriate physical activity interventions that meet the needs of midlife immigrant women and improve their health outcomes.
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Lee S, Pantik C, Duggirala S, Lindquist R. A Comparison Between Self-Reported and Investigator-Measured Cardiovascular Risk-Related Biometric Numbers. West J Nurs Res 2021; 44:724-733. [PMID: 33955791 DOI: 10.1177/01939459211013580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine individuals' knowledge of cardiovascular risk-related biometric numbers and to compare self-reported and investigator-measured numbers in a convenience sample of adults in the Midwest region. Sociodemographic data and personal knowledge of cardiovascular risk-related biometric numbers were assessed using self-reported questionnaires. Investigators conducted health assessments to obtain biometric numbers. Among the 224 participants, participants' reported knowledge about their cardiovascular risk-related biometric numbers was low, especially for high-density lipoprotein and fasting blood glucose levels. Participants' knowledge was associated with education level and the recency of their last healthcare visit for health assessment. We found statistically significant mean differences between self-reported and investigator-measured blood pressure, and weight. This study found that there were discrepancies between self-reported and investigator-measured cardiovascular risk-related numbers. Future research is needed to develop educational interventions to improve personal knowledge of cardiovascular risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohye Lee
- Loewenberg College of Nursing, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Catherine Pantik
- Loewenberg College of Nursing, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sree Duggirala
- School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Ruth Lindquist
- School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Abstract
Background: Although cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in Latin American women, limited data exist on CVD perceptions in this population. This study aimed to assess CVD awareness and knowledge of women from Santiago, Chile. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in women 35 to 70 years old. A multistage probability sampling (stratified by age and socioeconomic level) was used for participant selection. Participants completed a home survey about knowledge of CVD, risk factors, and perceived risk (based on standardized questions from the American Heart Association awareness survey). Results: 723 women participated in the study (mean age: 51 ± 9 years; 17.6% with high education level). Only 9.3% of the respondents mentioned CVD as women’s primary health problem, whereas 22.7% and 16.1%, respectively, listed breast cancer and other cancers. When asked to identify the leading cause of women’s death, only 14.4% identified CVD compared to 69.1% who recorded cancer. Older women (≥ 55 years) more likely identified CVD as the main cause of death: (OR 2.9: 95% CI = 1.8–4.5) versus younger women (<55 years). CVD family history was also associated with higher awareness of CVD as the leading cause of death (OR 1.7: 95% IC; p = 1.1–2.6). Instead, women with middle education level were less likely to mention CVD as the main women’s killer. Conclusions: Chilean women from Santiago have a low awareness of CVD as the leading cause of death and do not recognize CVD as their prominent health problem. Efforts should focus on increasing awareness and knowledge about CVD especially in young women.
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Mitchell S, Malanda B, Damasceno A, Eckel RH, Gaita D, Kotseva K, Januzzi JL, Mensah G, Plutzky J, Prystupiuk M, Ryden L, Thierer J, Virani SS, Sperling L. A Roadmap on the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Among People Living With Diabetes. Glob Heart 2020; 14:215-240. [PMID: 31451236 DOI: 10.1016/j.gheart.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Belma Malanda
- International Diabetes Federation, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Robert H Eckel
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, and Cardiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Dan Gaita
- Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie Victor Babes, Institutul de Boli Cardiovasculare, Clinica de Recuperare Cardiovasculara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Kornelia Kotseva
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; National Institute for Prevention and Cardiovascular Health, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - James L Januzzi
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - George Mensah
- Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jorge Plutzky
- Preventive Cardiology, Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Shapiro Cardiovascular Centre, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maksym Prystupiuk
- Department of Surgery №2, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Lars Ryden
- Department of Medicine K2, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jorge Thierer
- Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigación Clínica CEMIC, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Salim S Virani
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Sections, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX
| | - Laurence Sperling
- Emory Heart Disease Prevention Center, Department of Global Health Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Singer RH, Feaster DJ, Stoutenberg M, Hlaing WM, Pereyra M, Abel S, Pollack H, Gellman MD, Schneiderman N, Metsch LR. Dentists' willingness to screen for cardiovascular disease in the dental care setting: Findings from a nationally representative survey. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2019; 47:299-308. [PMID: 30908721 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dental clinics offer an untapped health care setting to expand access to screening and early identification of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. This study examined the correlates of dentists' willingness to provide CVD screening in the dental care setting. METHODS Private practice and public health general dentists in the U.S. participated in a nationally representative survey from 2010 to 2011. The survey examined dentists' willingness to provide a finger stick test to support CVD screening and agreement that their professional role should include CVD screening. RESULTS Data analysed from 1802 respondents indicated that 46.6% of dentists were willing to provide CVD screening. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of dentists' willingness to screen for CVD was associated with currently screening for hypertension (AOR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.01, 2.20), screening for obesity (AOR = 1.66, 95% CI 1.17, 2.36) and agreement that their role as health care professionals includes CVD screening (AOR = 3.03, 95% CI 2.15, 4.29). Dentists' agreement that their role includes CVD screening was associated with self-rated knowledge of CVD (good vs none or limited) and CVD training during their professional education (5 to 8 hours of training vs none or limited), (AOR = 5.75, 95% CI 2.26, 14.62) and (AOR = 3.84, 95% CI 2.17, 6.80), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights strategies that may be employed to expand future access to early detection of CVD risk. Including CVD screening instruction and clinical screening experiences in dental school curriculum may serve as catalysts to reshape the future scope of dental practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard H Singer
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida
| | - Daniel J Feaster
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Mark Stoutenberg
- Department of Health & Human Performance, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, Tennessee
| | - WayWay M Hlaing
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Margaret Pereyra
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Stephen Abel
- School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Harold Pollack
- School of Social Service Administration, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Marc D Gellman
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Neil Schneiderman
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Lisa R Metsch
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
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Morris AA, Ko YA, Hutcheson SH, Quyyumi A. Race/Ethnic and Sex Differences in the Association of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors. J Am Heart Assoc 2018; 7:e008250. [PMID: 29728015 PMCID: PMC6015320 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.008250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lifestyle behaviors influence atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. We examined race and sex differences in the association of ASCVD risk with obesity and lifestyle behaviors. METHODS AND RESULTS We used multivariable logistic regression to examine the association of race/ethnicity and sex with obesity and lifestyle behaviors among 12 351 adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys cycles 2005 to 2014. Ten-year ASCVD risk was estimated using the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association pooled cohort equations. Among overweight/obese subjects, whites were more likely to consider themselves overweight, to report a desire to weigh less, and to report a healthy diet, and physical activity. Despite higher body mass index and/or ASCVD risk, black women (adj odds ratio [OR] 0.8, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.7-0.9) were less likely to attempt weight loss, and Hispanic women (OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.6-0.9) were less likely to report physical activity than white women. Black women (adj OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.5-0.7) were less likely than white women, and Hispanics (women adj OR 0. 6, 95% CI 0.5-0.7; men adj OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.6-0.9) were less likely than whites to report a healthy diet. Among those with ASCVD risk >7.5%, there were even greater disparities in the likelihood of healthy diet between black and Hispanic versus white women, and among Hispanic versus white men. CONCLUSIONS Race/ethnic minorities are less likely to engage in healthy lifestyle behaviors despite higher body mass index and ASCVD risk. These findings underscore the need for culturally sensitive recommendations to improve cardiovascular outcomes in high-risk populations, particularly minority women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yi-An Ko
- Emory Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA
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Morrison EJ, Clark MM, Wieland ML, Weis JA, Hanza MMK, Meiers SJ, Patten CA, Sloan JA, Novotny PJ, Sim LA, Nigon JA, Sia IG. Relationship Between Negative Mood and Health Behaviors in an Immigrant and Refugee Population. J Immigr Minor Health 2018; 19:655-664. [PMID: 27669717 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-016-0506-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Immigrants experience an escalation of negative health behaviors after arrival to the United States. Negative mood is associated with poorer health behaviors in the general population; however, this relationship is understudied in immigrant populations. Adolescent (n = 81) and adult (n = 70) participants completed a health behavior survey for immigrant families using a community-based participatory research approach. Data was collected for mood, nutrition, and physical activity. Adolescents with positive mood drank less regular soda, and demonstrated more minutes, higher levels, and greater social support for physical activity (all ps < .05). Adults with positive mood reported more snacking on fruits/vegetables, greater self-efficacy for physical activity, and better physical well-being (all ps < .05). Negative mood was associated with low physical activity level and poor nutritional habits in adolescent and adult immigrants. Designing community-based programs offering strategies for mood management and healthy lifestyle change may be efficacious for immigrant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleshia J Morrison
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Matthew M Clark
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mark L Wieland
- Division of Primary Care Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jennifer A Weis
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Sonja J Meiers
- Department of Nursing, Winona State University, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Christi A Patten
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jeff A Sloan
- Division of Biostatistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Paul J Novotny
- Division of Biostatistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Leslie A Sim
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Irene G Sia
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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15
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Soto Mas F, Schmitt CL, Jacobson HE, Myers OB. A Cardiovascular Health Intervention for Spanish Speakers: The Health Literacy and ESL Curriculum. J Community Health 2018; 43:717-724. [PMID: 29428986 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-018-0475-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Spanish speakers in the United States are in need of effective interventions that address both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and health literacy. However, the literature lacks interventions that have used and evaluated a strategies that focus on both, particularly at the community level. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of a health literacy curriculum on cardiovascular health behavior among Spanish speaking adults. It used a randomized controlled pre-posttest design. Participants included Hispanic adults with a low-to-intermediate level of English proficiency. The intervention group received the health literacy and English as a second language (ESL) Curriculum with CVD specific content, while the control group received a conventional ESL curriculum. Tools included the Spanish Cardiovascular Health Questionnaire (CSC), the test of functional health literacy in adults (TOFHLA), and the Combined English Language Skills Assessment. Analysis of change scores included independent sample t test and multiple linear regression. A total of 155 participants completed the study. There was a significant greater improvement for the intervention group in change of CSC score from pretest to posttest (P = 0.049) compared to controls. The study also found significantly improved TOFHLA (P = 0.011), however it did not find a relationship between changes in CVD behavior and health literacy or English proficiency. The Health Literacy and ESL Curriculum constitutes a valuable resource for addressing the cardiovascular health, literacy, and language needs of Spanish-speaking adults. Interventions that take a multilevel education and health approach may be more effective in addressing the needs of immigrants. Research should further explore the interactions between CVD behavior, health literacy, and English proficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Soto Mas
- College of Population Health MSC09 5070, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131-0001, USA.
| | - Cheryl L Schmitt
- School of Medicine, Family & Community Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Holly E Jacobson
- Department of Linguistics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Orrin B Myers
- School of Medicine, Family & Community Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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