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Woo SH, Kim Y, Ju K, Kim J, Song J, Lee SJ, Min J. Differences of nutritional intake habits and Dietary Inflammatory Index score between occupational classifications in the Korean working population. Ann Occup Environ Med 2024; 36:e5. [PMID: 38623261 PMCID: PMC11016782 DOI: 10.35371/aoem.2024.36.e5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Human nutrient intake is closely related to the conditions of their workplace. Methods This study used data from the Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (KNHANES) conducted between 2016 and 2020. The study population comprised individuals aged 19 to 65 years who were engaged in paid work, excluding soldiers (total = 12,201, male = 5,872, female = 6,329). The primary outcome of interest was the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) score, which was calculated using dietary intake data. Generalized linear models were used for statistical analyses. Results Pink-collar workers had higher DII scores, indicating a potentially higher inflammatory diet than white-collar workers (mean: 2.18 vs. 1.89, p < 0.001). Green and blue-collar workers displayed lower levels of dietary inflammation (green: 1.64 vs. 1.89, p = 0.019, blue: 1.79 vs. 1.89, p = 0.022). After adjusting for sex, age, income, education, and energy intake, the sole trend that persisted was the comparison between white-collar and pink-collar workers. Conclusions DII scores and dietary patterns differed among occupational groups and genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hee Woo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yangwoo Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Guri Hanyang University Hospital, Guri, Korea
| | - Kyungho Ju
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Juhyeong Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaechul Song
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeehee Min
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Sugimoto M, Asakura K, Mori S, Shinozaki N, Murakami K, Imamura H, Nishiwaki Y. The Nutritional Characteristics of Usual Lunches Consumed Among Japanese Workers: Comparison Between Different Lunch-Type Groups. J Occup Environ Med 2024; 66:e17-e25. [PMID: 37801597 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated whether the nutritional characteristics of lunches consumed by Japanese workers differ by where the meal is usually prepared or eaten. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 620 employees (aged 20 to 75 years) from eight business offices in Tokyo, Japan. Dietary data were collected using the validated Meal-based Diet History Questionnaire. The Healthy Eating Index 2015 and dietary intakes from lunch were compared between workers classified by usual lunch type: homemade (n = 190), staff canteen (n = 77), restaurant (n = 109), and takeaway (n = 244). RESULTS Healthy Eating Index 2015 for lunch was highest in the staff canteen group, followed by the homemade group. The staff canteen group had higher intakes of total vegetables, potatoes, fish, and several vitamins from lunch than the restaurant or takeaway groups. CONCLUSIONS Homemade and canteen lunches are relatively healthy options for lunch for Japanese workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minami Sugimoto
- From the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan (M.S., K.A., S.M., Y.N.); Institute for Future Initiatives, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.S.); Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Behavioural Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (N.S., K.M.); and Graduate School of Health and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Nagano, Nagano, Japan (H.I.)
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Ngatu NR, Ikeda M, Tonduangu DK, Nangana SL, Hirao T. Modulatory Effects of NBF1, an Algal Fiber-Rich Bioformula, on Adiponectin and C-Reactive Protein Levels, and Its Therapeutic Prospects for Metabolic Syndrome and Type-2 Diabetes Patients. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102572. [PMID: 36289836 PMCID: PMC9599379 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
An unhealthy diet can lead to the development of metabolic disorders. C-reactive protein (CRP) has been reported to be an inflammatory component of metabolic disorders. Additionally, reduced adiponectin (APN) levels is known as a predictor of metabolic disorders. We report on the beneficial effects of NBF1, an algal fiber-rich formula, on CRP, APN, and diabetes markers. Additionally, associations between dietary nutrients, CRP, and APN were investigated. A dietary survey that used a brief self-administered diet history questionnaire, a validated 58-item fixed-portion-type questionnaire, and a 4-week placebo-controlled dietary intervention were carried out. The latter consisted of a twice daily intake of 3 g of sujiaonori alga-based powder as a supplement (NBF1, n = 16), whereas the placebo group received the same amount of corn starch powder (n = 15). CRP and APN levels were assayed by ELISA. Clinical cases comprising three subjects with metabolic disorders treated with NBF1, including two type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and one subject with hypercholesterolemia, are also reported. They received 2.1g NBF1 once daily for 12 weeks. Intakes of algal fiber and n-3 PUFA were positively associated with the increase of APN, and n-3PUFA intake was inversely associated with CRP. All cases had improved metabolic health profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nlandu Roger Ngatu
- Department of Public Health, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
- Correspondence: (N.R.N.); (M.I.)
| | - Mitsunori Ikeda
- Wellness and Longevity Center, University of Kochi, Kochi 781-8515, Japan
- Correspondence: (N.R.N.); (M.I.)
| | - Daniel Kuezina Tonduangu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Severin Luzitu Nangana
- Preventive Medicine Unit, Kimbanguist Hospital of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Tomohiro Hirao
- Department of Public Health, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
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Parental and Child Factors Associated With 2- to 6-Year-Old Children's Diet Quality in Finland. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 122:129-138.e4. [PMID: 34378535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited evidence about diet quality and associated factors in a representative population-based sample of preschool-aged children in Finland. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to investigate (1) the extent to which child diet quality and the consumption of health indicator foods (vegetables, fruits, berries, vegetable oil-based spread, nonfat milk) are in accordance with Finnish recommendations for preschool-aged children, (2) whether diet quality differs between children with underweight or normal weight compared with children with overweight or obesity, and (3) whether parental or child factors are related to children's diet quality. DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Healthy children aged 2 to 6 years (n = 766) were recruited from child health clinics across Finland from February to June 2016. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Diet quality and consumption of the health indicator foods were assessed by the Children's Index of Diet Quality (CIDQ, score 0-21, values < 10 indicate poor; 10-13.5, moderate; and ≥14, good diet quality). Parental information was collected with a self-administered questionnaire. Child weight and height were measured by child health clinic nurses. STATISTICAL ANALYSES The overweight/obesity status and diet quality of the children were compared with 1-way analysis of variance. One-way analysis of variance was used as the preliminary analysis between child and parental factors and CIDQ scores, and linear mixed model analysis to further analyze the relationship between child and parental factors and CIDQ data. RESULTS Only a small minority (13.7%) of the children had a good diet quality, 55.4% had a moderate diet quality, and 30.9% had a poor diet quality. Only 1% of the children consumed the key health indicator foods, namely vegetables, fruits, and berries, as recommended. Diet quality did not differ between children with underweight/normal weight and overweight/obesity. Instead, the child's younger age, parents' higher education, and parents' self-perceived healthy diet were related to good diet quality in the child. CONCLUSIONS The diet quality was moderate or poor in the majority of the children. Parental characteristics were the main factors related to the child's diet quality. The results suggest that future efforts to improve preschool-aged children's diet quality are needed including efforts to counsel families in pediatric care. Whether the findings from the current study also apply to Finnish school-aged children should be investigated further.
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Ronda-Pérez E, Campos-Mora J, de Juan A, Gea T, Reid A, Caballero P. Differences in the Prevalence of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in Spanish Workers. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123848. [PMID: 33339303 PMCID: PMC7766638 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to examine the differences in daily fruit and vegetable consumption in the working population in Spain. A cross-sectional study was conducted, using data from the 2017 National Health Survey (n = 10,700 workers aged between 18 and 65 years). The daily consumption of fruit and vegetables was evaluated using two items included in a food frequency questionnaire. Occupations were classified into the 17 main groups of the National Classification of Occupations of 2011 (CNO-11). The prevalence (P) of daily fruit and vegetable consumption was calculated in relation to sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors, work-related characteristics and occupations. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association, with simple and adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR). The P of daily consumption of fruit and vegetables in workers was 60% for fruit and 40% for vegetables. After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and health behaviors, workers working night or rotating shifts had a lower consumption of fruits (aOR:0.9; p < 0.05), and those working on temporary contracts had a lower consumption of vegetables (aOR:0.8; p < 0.05). Engineers, scientists, health care workers and teachers had the highest fruit consumption (74.5%) and the highest vegetable consumption (55.1%). The lowest consumption of fruits was presented by the military (42.3%) and unskilled workers in the service sector (45.8%), and the lowest consumption of vegetables was presented by skilled construction workers (25.5%). These findings could aid in workplace health promotion and could be used in future studies to evaluate the impact of the activities adopted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ronda-Pérez
- Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain;
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-965-903-919
| | - Julia Campos-Mora
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Service, University Hospital of Alicante, 03010 Alicante, Spain; (J.C.-M.); (A.d.J.); (T.G.)
| | - Alba de Juan
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Service, University Hospital of Alicante, 03010 Alicante, Spain; (J.C.-M.); (A.d.J.); (T.G.)
| | - Teresa Gea
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Service, University Hospital of Alicante, 03010 Alicante, Spain; (J.C.-M.); (A.d.J.); (T.G.)
| | - Alison Reid
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, 6102 Perth, Australia;
| | - Pablo Caballero
- Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain;
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Ardabili HM, Sheikh Andalibi MS, Safari M, Khakpour S, Tayefi M, Moallem SR, Fayaz M, Zarifian A, Saberi-Karimian M, Khorasanchi Z, Pasdar A, Ferns GA, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. A comparison of dietary intake between personnel of a gas processing company and a sample population of public employees from Mashhad. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020; 38:124-128. [PMID: 32690146 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION An imbalanced dietary pattern may result in a number of non-communicable disorders that include: obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, and subsequently impaired quality of life (QOL). Micro- and macro-nutrients play some important roles in maintaining human health. The objective of this study was to compare dietary intake of employees of a gas processing company, who were provided with meals by their employee, with staff from other public employers from Mashhad, in northeastern Iran. METHODS Twenty-four-hour food recall and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) were used to evaluate dietary intakes of 654 male employees of Shahid Hasheminejad Gas Processing (SHGP) Company (case group), and 681 randomly selected male public employees from Mashhad as control subjects in this observational, analytic, longitudinal, prospective cohort study. The analysis of the dietary intakes was performed using Dietplan6 software. RESULTS Dietary macro and micro-nutrients were evaluated: including total energy, fat, MUFA, PUFA, trans fatty acids, cholesterol, starch, fiber, protein, total nitrogen, zinc, phosphor, potassium, calcium, manganese, selenium, iodine, sodium, copper, retinol, carotene, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pantothen, vitamin B6, biotin, folate, vitamin B12, vitamin C and vitamin D. The intake of macro-nutrients, including: energy, fat, monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, carbohydrates, starch, and protein; minerals including zinc, iron, selenium; and vitamins including niacin and vitamin D were higher in the SHGP group, compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The dietary intake of the SHGP group contained lower amounts of several mineral and vitamins, which included: iodine, sodium, carotene, thiamin, pantothenic acid, vitamin B6, biotin, folic acid, and vitamin C, in comparison with the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In conclusion, we suggest it will be important to evaluate the composition of meals provided by companies and organizations, especially those that provide their employees with the majority of their food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Mohaddes Ardabili
- Student Research Committee, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sobhan Sheikh Andalibi
- Student Research Committee, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mina Safari
- Student Research Committee, International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Samaneh Khakpour
- Student Research Committee, International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Tayefi
- Clinical Research Unit, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Moallem
- Student Research Committee, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Fayaz
- Student Research Committee, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Zarifian
- Student Research Committee, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Saberi-Karimian
- Student Research Committee, International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Khorasanchi
- Student Research Committee, International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Pasdar
- Medical Genetics Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Division of Applied Medicine, Medical School, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Student Research Committee, International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Differences in pre-pregnancy diet quality by occupation among employed women. Public Health Nutr 2020; 23:1974-1981. [PMID: 32100672 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019003926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Maternal risk factors for pregnancy outcomes are known to vary by employment status. We evaluated whether pre-pregnancy diet quality varies by occupation in a population-based sample. DESIGN We analysed interview data from 7341 mothers in a national case-control study of pregnancy outcomes. Self-reported job(s) held during the 3 months before pregnancy were classified using Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) codes. Usual diet in the year before conception was assessed with a semi-quantitative FFQ and evaluated using the Diet Quality Index for Pregnancy (DQI-P). Using logistic regression, we calculated adjusted OR and 95 % CI to estimate associations between low diet quality (defined as the lowest quartile of DQI-P scores) and occupation types. SETTING The National Birth Defects Prevention Study: Arkansas, California, Georgia, Iowa, Massachusetts, North Carolina, New Jersey, New York, Texas, Utah. PARTICIPANTS Employed mothers of infants born between 1997 and 2011. RESULTS No occupation was strongly associated with low diet quality. Moderate but relatively imprecise associations were observed for women employed in management (OR: 1·3; 95 % CI: 1·1, 1·7); arts, design, entertainment, sports and media (OR: 1·4; 95 % CI: 0·9, 2·1); protective service (OR 1·3; 95 % CI: 0·7, 2·5) and farming, fishing, and forestry occupations (OR: 0·5; 95 % CI: 0·2, 1·1). CONCLUSIONS Our analyses suggest that women in certain occupations may have lower diet quality in the months before pregnancy. Further research is needed to determine whether certain occupations could benefit from interventions to improve diet quality in the workplace for women of reproductive age.
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Do socio-demographic and anthropometric characteristics predict food choice motives in an Irish working population? Br J Nutr 2019; 122:111-119. [PMID: 31190657 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519000941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Dietary behaviour is influenced by a complex web of biological, psychological, physiological, social, economic and cultural factors. Understanding socio-demographic and anthropometric characteristics that influence food choice may be important in guiding dietary interventions. The present study aimed to identify whether socio-demographic and anthropometric characteristics influence food choice in an Irish working population. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2014 as part of the Food Choice at Work Study, a large clustered non-randomised, controlled trial based in county Cork, Ireland. Information regarding food motives was collected at the 3-4 months follow-up. The 'Food Choice Questionnaire' was used to measure food motives. Multiple linear regression was conducted to test the association between socio-demographic and anthropometric characteristics (age, sex, BMI, education, type of accommodation, living situation, marital status, parental status) and worksite and food motives. A total of 678 employees were included in the analysis. Overall, only a small percentage of food choice was influenced by the characteristics included in this analysis (1·6 to 8·8 %). Sensory appeal and satisfaction were scored most important by all sub-populations. Sex was most often associated with differences in food motives (i.e. all food motives except for familiarity and ethical concern were significantly more important to females compared with males; P = 0·001/P < 0·001). Worksite, age, BMI and marital status also seemed to play a small role in influencing food choice. The results show that food choice is complex and not easily explained by differences in socio-demographic or anthropometric population characteristics.
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Paid Sick Leave Benefits and Adherence to Recommended Screening Tests Among Male Labor Workers in the United States. J Occup Environ Med 2019; 61:102-106. [DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Tanaka R, Tsuji M, Asakura K, Senju A, Shibata E, Kusuhara K, Morokuma S, Sanefuji M, Kawamoto T. Variation in Men's Dietary Intake Between Occupations, Based on Data From the Japan Environment and Children's Study. Am J Mens Health 2018; 12:1621-1634. [PMID: 29890875 PMCID: PMC6142127 DOI: 10.1177/1557988318780847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been increasing interest in dietary health promotion in the workplace. Although many previous studies have focused on dietary habits in specific occupations, variation between occupational groups requires clarification. The present study aimed to examine differences in food and nutrient intake between occupational groups, using detailed classification. A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study. The study included 38,721 employed Japanese expectant fathers aged between 20 and 65 years. Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Occupations were categorized into 11 categories according to the Japan Standard Occupational Classification. Analysis of variance and analysis of covariance were performed to compare dietary intake of occupational groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the differences in adherence to dietary recommendations across occupations. Dietary intake differed significantly between occupations. Specific dietary intake was observed in security and agricultural workers, who tended to exhibit higher consumption levels for numerous foods and nutrients. In addition, relative to other workers, security workers showed higher intake of dairy products and calcium, and agricultural workers consumed larger amounts of pickles and salt. The study categorized occupations into detailed categories using the Japan Standard Occupational Classification, which facilitated the clarification of overall dietary trends across occupations and identification of specific dietary characteristics in individual occupations. The findings could aid in workplace health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Tanaka
- 1 Department of Environmental Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tsuji
- 1 Department of Environmental Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keiko Asakura
- 2 Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayako Senju
- 3 Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), UOEH Subunit Center, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan.,4 Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Eiji Shibata
- 5 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koichi Kusuhara
- 3 Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), UOEH Subunit Center, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan.,4 Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Seiichi Morokuma
- 6 Research Center for Environmental and Developmental Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Sanefuji
- 6 Research Center for Environmental and Developmental Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Kawamoto
- 1 Department of Environmental Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
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Tanaka R, Tsuji M, Senju A, Kusuhara K, Kawamoto T. Dietary Differences in Male Workers among Smaller Occupational Groups within Large Occupational Categories: Findings from the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E961. [PMID: 29751622 PMCID: PMC5982000 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15050961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Studies examining workers' diet according to smaller occupational groups within "large occupational categories" are sparse. The aim of this study was to examine the potential differences in workers' diets based on the classification of workers into smaller occupational groups that comprise "large occupational categories". The subjects of this study were working fathers who had participated in the Japan Environment and Children's Study (N = 38,656). Energy and nutrient intake were calculated based on data collected from the Food Frequency Questionnaire. Occupations were classified according to the Japanese Standard Occupational Classification. Logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the adherence to current dietary recommendations within smaller occupational groups. In particular, significant differences were observed among the categorical groups of "professional and engineering workers", "service workers", and "agricultural, forestry, and fishery workers". In "professional and engineering workers", teachers showed higher odds of adherence to calcium intake recommendations compared with nurses (OR, 2.54; 95% CI, 2.02⁻3.14; p < 0.001). In "agricultural, forestry, and fishery workers", agriculture workers showed higher odds of adherence to calcium (OR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.46⁻3.15; p < 0.001) and vitamin C (OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.31⁻2.74, p = 0.001) intake recommendations compared with forestry and fishery workers. These findings may be beneficial from a research perspective as well as in the development of more effective techniques to improve workers' diet and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Tanaka
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan.
| | - Mayumi Tsuji
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan.
| | - Ayako Senju
- Japan Environment and Children's Study, UOEH Subunit Center, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan.
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan.
| | - Koichi Kusuhara
- Japan Environment and Children's Study, UOEH Subunit Center, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan.
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan.
| | - Toshihiro Kawamoto
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan.
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de Mestral C, Marques-Vidal P, Gaspoz JM, Theler JM, Guessous I. Independent association between socioeconomic indicators and macro- and micro-nutrient intake in Switzerland. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174578. [PMID: 28369086 PMCID: PMC5378340 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Socioeconomic differences in diet are rarely assessed with more than one indicator. We aimed to assess differences in macro- and micro-nutrient intake in both sexes according to education, income, and occupation. METHODS We used data from validated food frequency questionnaire measured dietary intake in 5087 participants (2157 women) from yearly adult population-based cross-sectional surveys conducted from 2005 to 2012 in the canton of Geneva, Switzerland. We used two ANOVA models: age-adjusted and multivariable adjusted simultaneously for all three socioeconomic indicators. RESULTS Low-education men consumed more calcium but less vitamin D than high-education men; low-income men consumed less total and animal protein (80.9±0.9 vs 84.0±0.6 g/d; 55.6±1.0 vs 59.5±0.7 g/d) and more total carbohydrates and sugars (246±2 vs 235±2 g/d; 108±2 vs 103±1 g/d) than high-income men. Occupation and diet showed no association. Low-education women consumed less vegetable protein (20.7±0.2 vs 21.6±0.2 g/d), fibre (15.7±0.3 vs 16.8±0.2 g/d), and carotene (4222±158 vs 4870±128 μg/d) than high-education women; low-income women consumed more total carbohydrates (206±2 vs 197±1 g/d) and less monounsaturated fat (27.7±0.4 vs 29.3±0.3 g/d) than high-income women. Finally, low-occupation women consumed more total energy (1792±27 vs 1714±15 kcal/d) and total carbohydrates (206±2 vs 200±1 g/d), but less saturated fat (23.0±0.3 vs 24.4±0.2 g/d), calcium (935±17 vs 997±10 mg/d) and vitamin D (2.5±0.1 vs 2.9±0.1 μg/d), than high-occupation women. CONCLUSION In Switzerland, the influence of socioeconomic factors on nutrient intake differs by sex; income and education, but not occupation, drive differences among men; among women, all three indicators seem to play a role. Interventions to reduce inequalities should consider the influence of education, income, and occupation in diet to be most effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos de Mestral
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Michel Gaspoz
- Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Department of Community Medicine, Primary Care and Emergency Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Marc Theler
- Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Department of Community Medicine, Primary Care and Emergency Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Idris Guessous
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Department of Community Medicine, Primary Care and Emergency Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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de Mestral C, Mayén AL, Petrovic D, Marques-Vidal P, Bochud M, Stringhini S. Socioeconomic Determinants of Sodium Intake in Adult Populations of High-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Am J Public Health 2017; 107:e1-e12. [PMID: 28207328 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2016.303629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A poorer quality diet among individuals with low socioeconomic status (SES) may partly explain the higher burden of noncommunicable disease among disadvantaged populations. Because there is a link between sodium intake and noncommunicable diseases, we systematically reviewed the current evidence on the social patterning of sodium intake. OBJECTIVES To conduct a systematic review and a meta-analysis of the evidence on the association between SES and sodium intake in healthy adult populations of high-income countries. SEARCH METHODS We followed the PRISMA-Equity guidelines in conducting a literature search that ended June 3, 2016, via MEDLINE, Embase, and SciELO. We imposed no publication date limits. SELECTION CRITERIA We considered only peer-reviewed articles meeting the following inclusion criteria: (1) reported a measure of sodium intake disaggregated by at least 1 measure of SES (education, income, occupation, or any other socioeconomic indicator); (2) were written in English, Spanish, Portuguese, French, or Italian; and (3) were conducted in a high-income country as defined by the World Bank (i.e., per capita national gross income was higher than $12 746). We also excluded articles that exclusively sampled low-SES individuals, pregnant women, children, adolescents, elderly participants, or diseased patients or that reported results from a trial or intervention. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS As summary measures, we extracted (1) the direction (positive, negative, or neutral) and the magnitude of the association between each SES indicator and sodium intake, and (2) the estimated sodium intake according to SES level. When possible and if previously unreported, we calculated the magnitude of the relative difference in sodium intake between high- and low-SES groups for each article, applying this formula: ([value for high-SES group - value for low-SES group]/[value for high-SES group]) × 100. We considered an association significant if reported as such, and we set an arbitrary 10% relative difference as clinically relevant and significant. We conducted a meta-analysis of the relative difference in sodium intake between high- and low-SES groups. We included articles in the meta-analysis if they reported urine-based sodium estimates and provided the total participant numbers in the low- and high-SES groups, the estimated sodium intake means for each group (in mg/day or convertible units), and the SDs (or transformable measures). We chose a random-effects model to account for both within-study and between-study variance. MAIN RESULTS Fifty-one articles covering 19 high-income countries met our inclusion criteria. Of these, 22 used urine-based methods to assess sodium intake, and 30 used dietary surveys. These articles assessed 171 associations between SES and sodium intake. Among urine-based estimates, 67% were negative (higher sodium intake in people of low SES), 3% positive, and 30% neutral. Among diet-based estimates, 41% were negative, 21% positive, and 38% neutral. The random-effects model indicated a 14% relative difference between low- and high-SES groups (95% confidence interval [CI] = -18, -9), corresponding to a global 503 milligrams per day (95% CI = 461, 545) of higher sodium intake among people of low SES. CONCLUSIONS People of low SES consume more sodium than do people of high SES, confirming the current evidence on socioeconomic disparities in diet, which may influence the disproportionate noncommunicable disease burden among disadvantaged socioeconomic groups. Public Health Implications. It is necessary to focus on disadvantaged populations to achieve an equitable reduction in sodium intake to a population mean of 2 grams per day as part of the World Health Organization's target to achieve a 25% relative reduction in noncommunicable disease mortality by 2025.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos de Mestral
- Carlos de Mestral, Ana-Lucia Mayén, Dusan Petrovic, Murielle Bochud, and Silvia Stringhini are with the Division of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. Pedro Marques-Vidal is with the Department of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital
| | - Ana-Lucia Mayén
- Carlos de Mestral, Ana-Lucia Mayén, Dusan Petrovic, Murielle Bochud, and Silvia Stringhini are with the Division of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. Pedro Marques-Vidal is with the Department of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital
| | - Dusan Petrovic
- Carlos de Mestral, Ana-Lucia Mayén, Dusan Petrovic, Murielle Bochud, and Silvia Stringhini are with the Division of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. Pedro Marques-Vidal is with the Department of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Carlos de Mestral, Ana-Lucia Mayén, Dusan Petrovic, Murielle Bochud, and Silvia Stringhini are with the Division of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. Pedro Marques-Vidal is with the Department of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Carlos de Mestral, Ana-Lucia Mayén, Dusan Petrovic, Murielle Bochud, and Silvia Stringhini are with the Division of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. Pedro Marques-Vidal is with the Department of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital
| | - Silvia Stringhini
- Carlos de Mestral, Ana-Lucia Mayén, Dusan Petrovic, Murielle Bochud, and Silvia Stringhini are with the Division of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. Pedro Marques-Vidal is with the Department of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital
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Conchola EC, Smith-Ryan AE, Thompson BJ, Sobolewski EJ, Ryan ED. Occupational differences for nutrient intake and physical-activity levels in young and middle-aged men. Work 2016; 55:187-196. [PMID: 27567793 DOI: 10.3233/wor-162371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical demands may vary between white collar and blue collar occupations when evaluating specific physiological differences such as one's weight, body mass index and body fat percentage. OBJECTIVE To explore nutritional, anthropometric, and physical-activity differences between young and middle-aged WC and BC workers. METHODS Ninety-one male participants aged 19-64 that were either WC and/or BC workers completed a 3-day food recall, modified Baecke Questionnaire, and had their height, weight, body mass index and body fat percentage measured. Participants were classified as: young-white-collar, young-blue-collar, middle-white-collar or middle-blue-collar workers. RESULTS No nutritional differences within ages or between occupations were reported. Body mass index and body fat percentage were lower for young vs. middle-aged workers. Lastly, physical-activity at work was higher for young and middle-aged Blue collar workers, while White collar workers participated in more physical activity outside of work. CONCLUSIONS The present findings suggest that the observed increases in body fat percentage and body mass index with age, are independent of occupation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric C Conchola
- Department of Wellness, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Abbie E Smith-Ryan
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Brennan J Thompson
- Department of Health, Physical Education, and Recreation, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Eric J Sobolewski
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise, and Sport Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Eric D Ryan
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Kanauchi M, Kanauchi K. Diet quality and adherence to a healthy diet in Japanese male workers with untreated hypertension. BMJ Open 2015; 5:e008404. [PMID: 26163037 PMCID: PMC4499706 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES As Japanese societies rapidly undergo westernisation, the prevalence of hypertension is increasing. We investigated the association between dietary quality and the prevalence of untreated hypertension in Japanese male workers. DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of 433 male workers who completed a brief food frequency questionnaire. Adherence to the WHO-based Healthy Diet Indicator (HDI), the American Heart Association 2006 Diet and Lifestyle Recommendations, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, and Mediterranean-style diet was assessed using four adherence indexes (HDI score, AI-84 score, DASH score and MED score). Hypertension classes were classified into three categories: non-hypertension, untreated hypertension and treated hypertension (ie, taking antihypertensive medication). RESULTS The prevalence of untreated hypertension and treated hypertension was 22.4% and 8.5%, respectively. Patients with untreated hypertension had significantly lower HDI and AI-84 scores compared with non-hypertension. DASH and MED scores across the three hypertension classes were comparable. After adjusting for age, energy intake, smoking habit, alcohol drinking, physical activity and salt intake, a low adherence to HDI and a lowest quartile of AI-84 score were associated with a significantly higher prevalence of untreated hypertension, with an OR of 3.33 (95% CI 1.39 to 7.94, p=0.007) and 2.23 (1.09 to 4.53, p=0.027), respectively. CONCLUSIONS A lower dietary quality was associated with increased prevalence of untreated hypertension in Japanese male workers. Our findings support a potential beneficial impact of nutritional assessment using diet qualities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masao Kanauchi
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Kio University, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Japan
| | - Kimiko Kanauchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Narahigashi Hospital, Tenri, Japan
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16
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Interpreting the Australian dietary guideline to "limit" into practical and personalised advice. Nutrients 2015; 7:2026-43. [PMID: 25803544 PMCID: PMC4377898 DOI: 10.3390/nu7032026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Food-based dietary guidelines shift the focus from single nutrients to whole diet. Guideline 3 of the Australian Dietary Guidelines (ADG) recommends “limiting” discretionary foods and beverages (DF)—Those high in saturated fat, added sugars, salt, and/or alcohol. In Australia, DF contribute 35% of total energy intake. Using the ADG supporting documents, the aim of this study was to develop a food‑based educational toolkit to help translate guideline 3 and interpret portion size. The methodology used to produce the toolkit is presented here. “Additional energy allowance” is specific to gender, age, height and physical activity level, and can be met from core foods, unsaturated fats/oils/spreads and/or DF. To develop the toolkit, additional energy allowance was converted to serves equaling 600 kJ. Common DF were selected and serves were determined based on nutrient profile. Portion sizes were used to calculate number of DF serves. A consumer brochure consisting of DF, portion sizes and equivalent number of DF serves was developed. A healthcare professional guide outlines the methodology used. The toolkit was designed to assist dietitians and consumers to translate guideline 3 of the ADF and develop a personalized approach to include DF as part of the diet.
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Polsky S, Beck J, Stark RA, Pan Z, Hill JO, Peters JC. The influence of herbs, spices, and regular sausage and chicken consumption on liking of reduced fat breakfast and lunch items. J Food Sci 2014; 79:S2117-26. [PMID: 25219391 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Adults often consume more fat than is recommended. We examined factors that may improve liking of reduced fat and reduced saturated fat foods, including the addition of herbs and spices and habitual consumption of different high-fat and low-fat food items. We randomized adults to taste 3 different conditions: full fat (FF), reduced fat with no added spice (RF), and reduced fat plus spice (RFS). Subjects rated their liking of French toast, sausage and the overall meal, or chicken, vegetables, pasta, and the overall meal on a 9-point hedonic Likert scale. Overall liking of the RF breakfast and lunch meals were lower than the FF and RFS versions (breakfast: 6.50 RF compared with 6.84 FF, P = 0.0061; 6.50 RF compared with 6.82 RFS, P = 0.0030; lunch: 6.35 RF compared with 6.94 FF, P < 0.0001; 6.35 RF compared with 6.71 RFS, P = 0.0061). RFS and FF breakfast and lunch meals, French toast, chicken, and vegetable likings were similar. FF and RFS conditions were liked more than RF for the breakfast and lunch meals, French toast, chicken entrée, and vegetables. Liking of all 3 sausage conditions was similar. FF pasta was liked more than RFS and RF (7.47 FF compared with 6.42 RFS, P < 0.0001; 7.47 FF compared with 6.47 RF, P < 0.0001). Habitual consumption of roasted chicken was associated with reduced liking of FF chicken (r = -0.23, P = 0.004) and FF pasta (r = -0.23, P = 0.005). Herbs and spices may be useful for improving the liking of lower fat foods and helping Americans maintain a diet consistent with the U.S. Dietary Guidelines. PRACTICAL APPLICATION Americans consume more fat than is recommended in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. This study shows that you can take foods like French toast, chicken, or a vegetable side and cut the fat and calories by up to 50% while restoring flavor with herbs and spices. People typically use butter, cheese, or fatty meat to enhance the flavor of their food. We found that even when we reduced the fat in our meals by using lower fat dairy and meat products but then added herbs and spices, we were able to deliver the flavor people desire for a fraction of the calories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarit Polsky
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, 12348 E. Montview Blvd., MailStop C263, Aurora, CO 80045, U.S.A; Div. of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Univ. of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, P.O. Box 6511-MS 8106, 12801 E. 17th Ave., RC1 South Rm 7103, Aurora, CO 80045, U.S.A
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18
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de Abreu D, Guessous I, Gaspoz JM, Marques-Vidal P. Compliance with the Swiss Society for Nutrition's Dietary Recommendations in the Population of Geneva, Switzerland: A 10-Year Trend Study (1999-2009). J Acad Nutr Diet 2014; 114:774-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2013.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Peters JC, Polsky S, Stark R, Zhaoxing P, Hill JO. The influence of herbs and spices on overall liking of reduced fat food. Appetite 2014; 79:183-8. [PMID: 24769295 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2014.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Most adults consume more fat than is recommended in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. We examined whether adding herbs and spices to reduced-fat foods would improve their consumer liking. We recruited adults 18-65 years old to taste three lunch conditions: full fat (FF), reduced fat with no added spice (RF), and reduced fat plus spice (RFS). Subjects rated their liking of a meatloaf entrée, vegetable side dish, pasta side dish, and overall meal on a 9-point hedonic Likert scale. Subjects came weekly for 3 weeks to consume meals and were randomized to the condition order. We enrolled 148 subjects who were predominantly female (n = 101, 68%), had a mean age of 35.9 years, and body mass index of 24.4 kg/m2. Subjects reported habitual diets as 36% of total calories from fat (2005 Block Food Frequency Questionnaire). Reducing fat content alone significantly dropped overall liking of the meal compared with FF and RFS conditions (6.29 RF vs. 7.05 FF, P < 0.0001; 6.29 RF vs. 6.98 RFS, P ≤ 0.0001). The RFS overall meal was liked as well as the FF condition. FF and RFS conditions were liked significantly more than RF conditions for each meal item. Liking of FF and RFS meatloaf and vegetables were not significantly different from one another. Pasta FF and RFS conditions were rated significantly differently from each other (7.33 FF vs. 6.61 RFS, P < 0.0001). Adding herbs and spices to reduced fat foods restored liking of the overall meal, meatloaf, and vegetables to that of FF conditions, and significantly improved the liking of RF pasta. Herbs and spices can be a useful tool to improve liking of foods consistent with national guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Peters
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, 12348 E. Montview Blvd., MailStop C263, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, P.O. Box 6511-MS 8106, 12801 E. 17th Ave., RC1 South Rm 7103, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sarit Polsky
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, 12348 E. Montview Blvd., MailStop C263, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, P.O. Box 6511-MS 8106, 12801 E. 17th Ave., RC1 South Rm 7103, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Rebecca Stark
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, 12348 E. Montview Blvd., MailStop C263, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Pan Zhaoxing
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13123 E. 16th Ave., B065, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - James O Hill
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, 12348 E. Montview Blvd., MailStop C263, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Landy DC, Lipsitz SR, Kurtz JM, Hinkle AS, Constine LS, Adams MJ, Lipshultz SE, Miller TL. Dietary quality, caloric intake, and adiposity of childhood cancer survivors and their siblings: an analysis from the cardiac risk factors in childhood cancer survivors study. Nutr Cancer 2013; 65:547-55. [PMID: 23659446 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2013.770042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Childhood cancer survivors are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease, in part because of adiposity. Whether survivors have healthy diets and whether dietary quality is associated with adiposity among survivors are not known. Survivors and siblings from the Cardiac Risk Factors in Childhood Cancer Survivors Study completed 3-day food records that were used to estimate daily caloric intake relative to recommended and dietary quality using the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI). Medical records were reviewed for cancer therapies. Body composition was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Of 91 childhood cancer survivors and 30 sibling controls, there were no marked differences in mean daily caloric intakes (98% vs. 100% of recommended) or HEI total scores (55.5 vs. 53.3), respectively, with both groups scoring worst for the consumption of dark green vegetables and whole grains. Survivors exposed to cranial irradiation had lower total HEI scores (-6.4, P = 0.01). Among survivors, better dietary quality, as reflected by the total HEI score, was associated with decreasing percent body fat (β = -0.19, P = 0.04). Survivors consume diets similar to their siblings although these diets are only moderately adherent to current guidelines. Decreased dietary quality is associated with higher body fat and receipt of cranial irradiation in survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Landy
- Division of Pediatric Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33101, USA
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Landy DC, Gorin MA, Rudock RJ, O'Connell MT. Increasing access to cholesterol screening in rural communities catalyzes cardiovascular disease prevention. J Rural Health 2013; 29:360-7. [PMID: 24088210 DOI: 10.1111/jrh.12002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite increasing frequency, little evidence guides cholesterol screening in less traditional health care settings, such as rural health fairs. METHODS The Miller School of Medicine Department of Community Service (DOCS) is a student-run organization providing free basic health care to underserved South Florida communities. We retrospectively reviewed all new patients seen at 2007 DOCS rural fairs to describe their low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) values. In addition, we assessed if patient characteristics were associated with cholesterol abnormalities and whether patients with abnormalities who returned to a subsequent fair in 2008 or 2009 improved their cholesterol. FINDINGS Of 252 patients, 145 (58%) had an LDL cholesterol over 129 mg/dL and 61 (24%) had an HDL cholesterol below 40 mg/dL or 50 mg/dL for males and females, respectively. Baseline LDL cholesterol was not associated with body-mass index (BMI), age over 60 years, gender, healthy lifestyle habits, or insurance status. Of 36 patients with elevated LDL cholesterol and a follow-up screening, 24 (67%) reduced their LDL cholesterol by at least 16 mg/dL though reductions were not associated with BMI reduction, and 22 (61%) increased their HDL cholesterol by at least 5 mg/dL, trending with BMI reduction. CONCLUSIONS Cholesterol screening at rural fairs can identify a high proportion of patients with abnormal cholesterol, including those who might not be considered at high risk. Although this may catalyze favorable cholesterol changes, the lack of an association with weight loss suggests patients seek additional medical care, which should be considered before offering cholesterol screening at fairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Landy
- Department of Medical Education, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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Jones J. Wheat Belly—An Analysis of Selected Statements and Basic Theses from the Book. CEREAL FOOD WORLD 2012. [DOI: 10.1094/cfw-57-4-0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Jones
- St. Catherine University, St. Paul, MN, U.S.A
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