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Moradell A, Gomez-Cabello A, Mañas A, Gesteiro E, Pérez-Gómez J, González-Gross M, Casajús JA, Ara I, Vicente-Rodríguez G. Longitudinal Changes in the Body Composition of Non-Institutionalized Spanish Older Adults after 8 Years of Follow-Up: The Effects of Sex, Age, and Organized Physical Activity. Nutrients 2024; 16:298. [PMID: 38257191 PMCID: PMC10819823 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging leads to physiological changes affecting body composition, mediated by lifestyle. However, the effectiveness of organized physical activities (OPAs) in attenuating or delaying these age-related transformations remains an area of limited understanding. The primary objectives of this study were threefold: (I) to comprehensively assess the evolution of body composition in a cohort of Spanish older adults over an 8-year period; (II) to compare this evolution in the different age groups; and (III) to investigate the influence of active engagement in OPAs on these age-related changes. From a sample of 3136 Spanish older adults recruited in 2008, 651 agreed to participate in the 8-year follow-up. Anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance data were included for 507 females (70.3 ± 4.4 years) and 144 males (77.8 ± 4.5 years). Age groups were categorized as follows: youngest (65-69 years), mid (70-74 years), and oldest (≥75 years). The engagement in OPA was recorded before and after the follow-up. A repeated measures ANOVA was performed to evaluate the 8-year changes. Males increased in hip (98.1 ± 9.3 vs. 101.5 ± 10.2 cm) and waist circumferences (101.2 ± 6.6 vs. 103.2 ± 6.1 cm), specifically in the youngest group (p < 0.05). Females decreased in weight (67.6 ± 10.0 vs. 66.6 ± 10.5 kg) and fat mass percentage (39.3 ± 5 vs. 38.8 ± 5.4%) and increased in hip circumference (104.4 ± 9.0 vs. 106.5 ± 9.7 cm); these effects were the most remarkable in the oldest group (all p < 0.05). OPA engagement seemed to slow down fat-free mass loses in males, but not in females (grouped by time, p < 0.05). Body composition changes caused by aging seem to happen earlier in males than in females. Moreover, participating in OPAs does not prevent fat-free mass due to aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Moradell
- EXER-GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.); (A.G.-C.); (J.A.C.)
- Department of Animal Production and Food Technology, Faculty of Health and Sport Science FCSD, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alba Gomez-Cabello
- EXER-GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.); (A.G.-C.); (J.A.C.)
- Defense University Center, 50090 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragón-IA2, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Asier Mañas
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13003 Toledo, Spain; (A.M.); (I.A.)
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha (JCCM), 45071 Toleldo, Spain
- Center UCM-ISCIII for Human Evolution and Behavior, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Education, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Gesteiro
- ImFINE Research Group, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.G.); (M.G.-G.)
| | - Jorge Pérez-Gómez
- HEME Research Group, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Marcela González-Gross
- ImFINE Research Group, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.G.); (M.G.-G.)
| | - Jose Antonio Casajús
- EXER-GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.); (A.G.-C.); (J.A.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragón-IA2, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ara
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13003 Toledo, Spain; (A.M.); (I.A.)
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha (JCCM), 45071 Toleldo, Spain
| | - Germán Vicente-Rodríguez
- EXER-GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.); (A.G.-C.); (J.A.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragón-IA2, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Woo J. What is an optimal BMI after eighty? NATURE AGING 2022; 2:371-372. [PMID: 37118063 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-022-00212-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Heisey HD, Kunik ME, Qualls C, Segoviano-Escobar MB, Villareal DT. Truncal Fat and Frailty Are Important Predictors of Cognitive Performance among Aging Adults with Obesity. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:425-429. [PMID: 35587753 PMCID: PMC9126430 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1776-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore associations among cognition, frailty, and obesity in older adults. DESIGN Descriptive, secondary analysis of baseline data from two related lifestyle intervention trials. SETTING Clinical study open to civilian population through the Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Houston, TX. PARTICIPANTS One hundred eight community-dwelling adults with obesity, aged 65 or older, recruited consecutively from two lifestyle intervention trials. MEASUREMENTS Cognition was assessed using Composite Age-Adjusted Scale Score from the National Institutes of Health Toolbox Cognition Battery: Obesity was assessed by body mass index (BMI) and also by truncal fat mas via dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Frailty was assessed using the Physical Performance Test. RESULTS A significant linear regression model for cognition revealed frailty as the strongest predictor, followed by sex, and then truncal fat (R2=0.340, p<0.001). CONCLUSION Cognition among community-dwelling older adults with obese BMI may worsen with greater truncal fat mass. Frailty appears to be an important predictor of cognitive performance in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- H D Heisey
- Dennis T. Villareal, MD, Baylor College of Medicine, Michael E DeBakey VA Medical Center, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston TX, USA,
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Chu SF, Liou TH, Chen HC, Huang SW, Liao CD. Relative Efficacy of Weight Management, Exercise, and Combined Treatment for Muscle Mass and Physical Sarcopenia Indices in Adults with Overweight or Obesity and Osteoarthritis: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients 2021; 13:1992. [PMID: 34200533 PMCID: PMC8230320 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging and osteoarthritis are associated with high risk of muscle mass loss, which leads to physical disability; this loss can be effectively alleviated by diet (DI) and exercise (ET) interventions. This study investigated the relative effects of different types of diet, exercise, and combined treatment (DI+ET) on muscle mass and functional outcomes in individuals with obesity and lower-limb osteoarthritis. A comprehensive search of online databases was performed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the efficacy of DI, ET, and DI+ET in patients with obesity and lower-extremity osteoarthritis. The included RCTs were analyzed through network meta-analysis and risk-of-bias assessment. We finally included 34 RCTs with a median (range/total) Physiotherapy Evidence Database score of 6.5 (4-8/10). DI plus resistance ET, resistance ET alone, and aerobic ET alone were ranked as the most effective treatments for increasing muscle mass (standard mean difference (SMD) = 1.40), muscle strength (SMD = 1.93), and walking speed (SMD = 0.46). Our findings suggest that DI+ET is beneficial overall for muscle mass in overweight or obese adults with lower-limb osteoarthritis, especially those who are undergoing weight management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Fen Chu
- College of Nursing and Health Management, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China;
| | - Tsan-Hon Liou
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235041, Taiwan; (T.-H.L.); (H.-C.C.); (S.-W.H.)
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chou Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235041, Taiwan; (T.-H.L.); (H.-C.C.); (S.-W.H.)
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Huang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235041, Taiwan; (T.-H.L.); (H.-C.C.); (S.-W.H.)
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Chun-De Liao
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235041, Taiwan; (T.-H.L.); (H.-C.C.); (S.-W.H.)
- Master Program in Long-Term Care, Taipei Medical University, College of Nursing, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
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Prevalence Of, and Factors Associated with, Obesity among the Oldest Old. A Study Protocol for a Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:healthcare8030319. [PMID: 32899708 PMCID: PMC7551968 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8030319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Some empirical studies have identified the prevalence of, and factors associated with, obesity among the oldest old. However, there is a lack of a systematic review synthesizing the existing evidence. Therefore, the purpose of our upcoming systematic review is to provide an overview of the evidence provided by observational studies. The current paper presents the protocol for this systematic review. We will search four electronic databases (Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library). Furthermore, we will perform a manual search (searching reference lists of included studies). Cross-sectional and longitudinal observational studies identifying the prevalence and preferably the factors associated with obesity among the oldest old (80 years and over) will be included. Data extraction will concentrate on study design, assessment of obesity and its associated factors, statistical analysis, sample characteristics, and key findings. We will evaluate the quality of the included studies. Two individuals will perform study selection, data extraction, and evaluation of study quality. We will present the results in figures, summary tables and narrative summaries. If data permits, a meta-analysis will be conducted.
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Davila-Batista V, Molina AJ, Fernández-Villa T, Romaguera D, Pérez-Gómez B, Vilorio-Marqués L, Dierssen-Sotos T, Altzibar JM, Moreno V, Ardanaz E, Salcedo-Bellido I, Fernández-Tardon G, Capelo R, Salas D, Marcos-Gragera R, Huerta JM, de Sanjosé S, Sierra MÁ, Canga-Presa JM, Gómez-Acebo I, Amiano P, Pollan M, Aragones N, Castaño-Vinyals G, Kogevinas M, Martín V. The Relation of CUN-BAE Index with Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference in Adults Aged 50 to 85 Years: The MCC-Spain Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:E996. [PMID: 32260185 PMCID: PMC7231053 DOI: 10.3390/nu12040996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgound: Traditional anthropometrics such as body mass index (BMI) or waist circumference (WC) do not fully capture the complex biology of body fat (BF) in the elderly. The Clinica Universidad de Navarra-Body Adiposity Estimator (CUN-BAE) index, based on BMI, is proposed as a better indicator of BF. However, its relation with BMI is not clear. The aim was to compare the agreement between CUN-BAE, BMI, and WC in those aged ≥50 years. Methods: A cross-sectional sample of 3153 Caucasian healthy adults was taken from the MCC-Spain study. The Pearson's correlation and its 95% confidence interval (CI), adiposity distribution, and Kappa Index (95%CI) were calculated. Results: The correlation of CUN-BAE with WC is 0.18 (95%CI 0.14-0.21) and that with BMI is moderate (r 0.58; 95%CI 0.55-0.60), but both increased strongly by sex. Agreement (normal weight/overweight/obesity) of CUN-BAE with BMI is 7% and with WC is 18%. Conclusions: The correlation and the degree of agreement of CUN-BAE with BMI and WC are low in individuals aged over 50, but it is higher by sex. Thus, this different criterion of obesity may have clinical applications. More studies with a gold standard are needed to evaluate the CUN-BAE in elderly adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Davila-Batista
- Research Group on Gene-Environment Interactions and Health (GIIGAS), Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Nutritional Methodology and Biostatistics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Antonio J. Molina
- Research Group on Gene-Environment Interactions and Health (GIIGAS), Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Tania Fernández-Villa
- Research Group on Gene-Environment Interactions and Health (GIIGAS), Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Dora Romaguera
- ISGlobal, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBER-OBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Palma (IdISPa) – Hospital Universitario Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pérez-Gómez
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Environmental and Cancer Epidemiology Area, National Center of Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, IIS Puerta de Hierro, 28222 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Vilorio-Marqués
- Research Group on Gene-Environment Interactions and Health (GIIGAS), Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Neoplasias Hematológicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Principado de Asturias (ISPA) and Fundación para la investigación Biosanitaria (FINBA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Trinidad Dierssen-Sotos
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Division of Epidemiology and Computational Biology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Jone M. Altzibar
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BioDonostia Research Institute, Osakidetza-Basque Health Service, Directorate General, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Victor Moreno
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Oncology Data Analytics Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO) and Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Salcedo-Bellido
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Department, University of Granada and Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Guillermo Fernández-Tardon
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) and IUOPA, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rocio Capelo
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales, Salud, y Medio Ambiente (RENSMA), University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - Dolores Salas
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana (FISABIO), 46020 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael Marcos-Gragera
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Epidemiology Unit and Girona Cancer Registry (UERCG), Oncology Coordination Plan (PDO), Department of Health, Autonomous Government of Catalonia, 17071 Girona, Spain
| | - José María Huerta
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30007 Murcia, Spain
| | - Silvia de Sanjosé
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Oncology Data Analytics Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO) and Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Sierra
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Environmental and Cancer Epidemiology Area, National Center of Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, IIS Puerta de Hierro, 28222 Madrid, Spain
| | - José M. Canga-Presa
- Servicio de Cirugía General y Aparato Digestivo, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, 24001 León, Spain
| | - Ines Gómez-Acebo
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Division of Epidemiology and Computational Biology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BioDonostia Research Institute, Osakidetza-Basque Health Service, Directorate General, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Marina Pollan
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Environmental and Cancer Epidemiology Area, National Center of Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, IIS Puerta de Hierro, 28222 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Aragones
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Epidemiology Section, Public Health Division, Department of Health of Madrid, 28035 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Castaño-Vinyals
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- ISGlobal, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- ISGlobal, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Martín
- Research Group on Gene-Environment Interactions and Health (GIIGAS), Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Association between Sleep Quality and Body Composition in Sedentary Middle-Aged Adults. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 54:medicina54050091. [PMID: 30463242 PMCID: PMC6262283 DOI: 10.3390/medicina54050091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Ageing is associated with sleep pattern changes and body composition changes, which are related to several diseases. Purpose: This study aimed to analyse the association between sleep quality and an extensive set of body composition parameters (waist-hip ratio, body mass index, bone mineral content, bone mineral density, lean mass, lean mass index, fat mass, fat mass percentage, fat mass index, visceral adipose tissue) and sleep quality in sedentary middle-aged adults. We also aimed to evaluate whether the possible associations accord between subjective and objective measurements of sleep quality. Methods: 74 (39 women) middle-aged sedentary adults (40–65 years old) participated in the present study. The sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) scale and accelerometers. A PSQI global score more than 5 indicates poor sleep quality. Weight, height, waist and hip circumferences were measured, and body mass index and waist-hip ratio were also calculated. Body composition was assessed with a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner. Results: The PSQI global score was negatively associated with bone mineral content, bone mineral density, lean mass, lean mass index and positively associated with fat mass percentage. No association was found between accelerometer parameters and body composition variables. Conclusion: We showed that a subjective poor sleep quality was negatively associated with bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), lean mass and lean mass index (LMI) whereas was positively associated with fat mass percentage in middle-aged adults. We also observed that these associations did not accord with objective sleep quality measurements.
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Silva VRR, Katashima CK, Bueno Silva CG, Lenhare L, Micheletti TO, Camargo RL, Ghezzi AC, Camargo JA, Assis AM, Tobar N, Morari J, Razolli DS, Moura LP, Pauli JR, Cintra DE, Velloso LA, Saad MJA, Ropelle ER. Hypothalamic S1P/S1PR1 axis controls energy homeostasis in Middle-Aged Rodents: the reversal effects of physical exercise. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 9:142-155. [PMID: 28039439 PMCID: PMC5310661 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recently, we demonstrated that the hypothalamic S1PR1/STAT3 axis plays a critical role in the control of food consumption and energy expenditure in rodents. Here, we found that reduction of hypothalamic S1PR1 expression occurs in an age-dependent manner, and was associated with defective thermogenic signaling and weight gain. To address the physiological relevance of these findings, we investigated the effects of chronic and acute exercise on the hypothalamic S1PR1/STAT3 axis. Chronic exercise increased S1PR1 expression and STAT3 phosphorylation in the hypothalamus, restoring the anorexigenic and thermogenic signals in middle-aged mice. Acutely, exercise increased sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of young rats, whereas the administration of CSF from exercised young rats into the hypothalamus of middle-aged rats at rest was sufficient to reduce the food intake. Finally, the intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of S1PR1 activators, including the bioactive lipid molecule S1P, and pharmacological S1PR1 activator, SEW2871, induced a potent STAT3 phosphorylation and anorexigenic response in middle-aged rats. Overall, these results suggest that hypothalamic S1PR1 is important for the maintenance of energy balance and provide new insights into the mechanism by which exercise controls the anorexigenic and thermogenic signals in the central nervous system during the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vagner Ramon Rodrigues Silva
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Carla G Bueno Silva
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciene Lenhare
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ana Carolina Ghezzi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Natalia Tobar
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Joseane Morari
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela S Razolli
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - José Rodrigo Pauli
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.,CEPECE - Research Center of Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Lício Augusto Velloso
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, 1308-970, Brazil
| | - Mario J A Saad
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Rochete Ropelle
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.,CEPECE - Research Center of Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, 1308-970, Brazil
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Morley JE, Abbatecola AM, Woo J. Management of Comorbidities in Older Persons With Type 2 Diabetes. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Woo
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PRC
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To highlight recent conundrums in the interface of nutrition, biology and aging. RECENT FINDINGS A Mediterranean diet with extra virgin olive oil, or similar plant-based diets, including five helpings of fruit and vegetables, exercise and nonsmoking are the mainstays of aging successfully. Recent studies have questioned the utility of weight loss in older persons, the use of antioxidant vitamin supplements as well as the appropriate level of sodium intake. The understanding of the role of ethnicity in the levels of vitamin D-binding protein has questioned the measurement of 25(OH)vitamin D by itself. Gut microbiota may also appear important for aging. SUMMARY Continuous scientific advances are leading us to question whether some of our nutrient beliefs need to be altered in older persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommy Cederholm
- aDepartment of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University bDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden cDivisions of Geriatric Medicine and Endocrinology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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12
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Redmond ML, Dong F, Goetz J, Jacobson LT, Collins TC. Food Insecurity and Peripheral Arterial Disease in Older Adult Populations. J Nutr Health Aging 2016; 20:989-995. [PMID: 27925138 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-015-0639-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Food insecurity, defined as the limited or uncertain availability of nutritious and safe foods, is a complex phenomenon and is linked to poor nutrition and diet-sensitive chronic diseases. Dietary patterns that include saturated fats and meat products are potential risk factors for the progression of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). This study explored whether there is a relationship between food insecurity and PAD among a national sample of older adults. DESIGN We conducted a cross-sectional data analysis using data from the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Food security was assessed using the US Household Food Security Survey Module. Bivariate analyses were conducted using the Rao-Scott Chi-square test to examine associations between PAD and sociodemographic variables. Multivariable generalized logistic regression was employed to assess the effect of food security on the presence of PAD, with adjustment for respondent's socio demographic characteristics. PARTICIPANTS A total of 2,027 adults with PAD were included (Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) score ≤ 0.90).We excluded participants less than 60 years of age. RESULTS Compared to older adults who are food secure, those who are food insecure have an increased risk for PAD. Food insecurity is associated with peripheral arterial disease among older adults (adults adjusted odds ratio, 1.50 [95% CI 1.11-2.03). CONCLUSION Older adults with peripheral arterial disease are experiencing food insecurity. While nutrition and PAD are not well-defined, previous literature indicates there is a connection between food insecurity and diet-sensitive chronic diseases (diabetes and hypertension) which are risk factors for PAD. Food insecurity should be taken into consideration when treating older adults with PAD to help decrease poor health outcomes that are linked to an insufficient amount of nutritious foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Redmond
- Michelle L. Redmond, 1010 N. Kansas, KUSM-W, Wichita, KS 67214, USA, 316-293-1813,
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Normandin E, Houston DK, Nicklas BJ. Caloric restriction for treatment of geriatric obesity: Do the benefits outweigh the risks? Curr Nutr Rep 2015; 4:143-155. [PMID: 26213640 PMCID: PMC4509681 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-015-0123-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Most evidence for the health benefits of prescribing caloric restriction (CR) for weight loss is derived from randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) in young/middle-aged adults; there are very few RCTs in older adults in which the isolated effects of CR can be deciphered. The purpose of this review is to summarize the RCT evidence of the benefits (and potential risks) of CR for the treatment of obesity in older adults. We identified only 19 published papers from 10 RCTs ranging from 3 to 18 months that met the criteria of independent effects of a CR component and were conducted in adults with a mean age ≥65 yrs. Overall, the results show a beneficial treatment effect for improving some metabolic, functional and body composition outcomes with few documented risks. However, all outcomes were assessed immediately after treatment cessation. Thus, until additional scientifically rigorous evidence with long-term follow-up is available, the risk-to-benefit ratio of CR for the treatment of obesity in older adults remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve Normandin
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Denise K. Houston
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Barbara J. Nicklas
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Acosta LD, Carrizo ED, Peláez E, Torres VER. Condiciones de vida, estado nutricional y estado de salud en adultos mayores, Córdoba, Argentina. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE GERIATRIA E GERONTOLOGIA 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-9823.2015.14058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJETIVO: Describir y comparar el estado nutricional y el estado de salud en dos grupos de adultos mayores de diferentes condiciones de vida, residentes en la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal, llevado a cabo en dos grupos: adultos mayores concurrentes a Comedores Sociales de la Provincia de Córdoba CSPC; n=308 y adultos mayores afiliados a la obra social universitaria Dirección de Asistencia Social del Personal Universitario DASPU; n=134. Se determinaron parámetros antropométricos: índice de masa corporal IMC, circunferencia de cintura CC e índice cintura cadera ICC. Para la determinación del estado de salud se utilizaron indicadores subjetivos autopercepción de salud, autoinforme de enfermedades crónicas, obtenidos a través de encuesta. Para la corroboración de hipótesis se utilizó Test de X2, cálculo de Odds Ratio OR, y Prueba T. RESULTADOS: En hombres, se observó mayor sobrepeso y obesidad en el grupo DASPU; mientras que en las mujeres no se encontraron mayores diferencias entre ambas instituciones, salvo un promedio menor de IMC en el grupo DASPU. En relación a los indicadores del estado de salud, se observó en ambos sexos, una mejor percepción de la salud en el grupo DASPU, mayor prevalencia de diabetes en hombres del grupo CSPC, hipertensión en mujeres de CSPC y tumor maligno en hombres del grupo DASPU. CONCLUSIONES: Se observa que las condiciones sociales de vida influyen en el estado nutricional y de salud de los adultos mayores, en especial en hombres. Esto implica riesgos diferentes para ambos grupos.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Enrique Peláez
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
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