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Holst M, Geisler L, Mikkelsen S, Rasmussen HH, Jørgensen BG, Beck AM. Pulmonary rehabilitation: A cohort study assessing the effectiveness of a multi-professional nutrition intervention. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 62:33-42. [PMID: 38901947 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited benefit of pulmonary exercise rehabilitation has been associated with fulfilment of energy and protein requirements. OBJECTIVES The aim was to enhance dietary intake towards requirements and to maintain changes after a pulmonary rehabilitation program. METHODS This single arm intervention study included multidisciplinary focus on nutrition and three sessions of individual dietary counselling during a 10-week pulmonary exercise rehabilitation in five municipalities centers. Data were collected at baseline (P0), at the end of intervention (P1) and for two municipalities at three months post intervention (P2). RESULTS Of the 111 included participants, (mean age 70.8 (±9)) 99 (89%) completed the rehabilitation including the three individual dietary counselling's. A very large variation in body composition including body mass index and exercise abilities was found. Protein intake improved from 64 (±22 g) (P0) to 88 (±25 g) (P1) (p < 0.001) and energy intake from 1676 (±505 kcal) (P0) to 1941 (±553 kcal) (p < 0.001) (P1) and Muscle Mass Index increased from 10.6 (±3.2) (P0) to 10.9 (±3.2) (P1) (p = 0.007); number of 30 s chair stand test improved from 10.9 (±2.8) repetitions (P0) to 14.1 (±4.3) repetitions (P1) (p < 0.001), distance in six-minut walking test improved from 377.2 (±131.2 m) (P0) to 404.1 (±128.6 m) (P1) (p < 0.001). Two municipalities completed the three months follow-up. For those, dietary improvements remained stable, including protein intake. CONCLUSION Including three sessions of dietary counselling in a multi-professional effort was associated with improved individualized dietary intake, as well as physical function. Benefits remained almost unchanged after three months. Improvements in function could not be fully explained by improved intakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Holst
- Center of Nutrition and Intestinal Failure, Aalborg University Hospital, Søndre Skovvej 5, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Lea Geisler
- Center of Nutrition and Intestinal Failure, Aalborg University Hospital, Søndre Skovvej 5, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Sabina Mikkelsen
- Center of Nutrition and Intestinal Failure, Department of Gastroenterology, Aalborg University Hospital, Søndre Skovvej 5, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Henrik H Rasmussen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark; Center of Nutrition and Intestinal Failure, Department of Gastroenterology, Aalborg University Hospital, Søndre Skovvej 5, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Birte G Jørgensen
- Department of Health Promotion, Frederikshavn Municipality, Nytorv 1, DK-9900 Frederikshavn, Denmark.
| | - Anne Marie Beck
- "EATEN" Research Unit for Dieticians and Nutrition Research, "Herlev Hospital, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 20th Floor, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark.
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2
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Jenkins AR, Gaynor-Sodeifi K, Lewthwaite H, Triandafilou J, Belo LF, de Oliveira MF, Jensen D. Efficacy of interventions to alter measures of fat-free mass in people with COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ERJ Open Res 2023; 9:00102-2023. [PMID: 37529637 PMCID: PMC10388177 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00102-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Low fat-free mass (FFM) is linked to poor health outcomes in COPD, including impaired exercise tolerance and premature death. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesise evidence on the effectiveness of interventions for increasing FFM in COPD. Methods Searches of electronic databases (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus) and trial registers (ClinicalTrials.gov) were undertaken from inception to August 2022 for randomised studies of interventions assessing measures of FFM in COPD. The primary outcome was change in FFM (including derivatives). Secondary outcomes were adverse events, compliance and attrition. Results 99 studies (n=5138 people with COPD) of 11 intervention components, used alone or in combination, were included. Exercise training increased mid-thigh cross-sectional area (k=3, standardised mean difference (SMD) 1.04, 95% CI 0.02-2.06; p=0.04), but not FFM (k=4, SMD 0.03, 95% CI -0.18-0.24; p=0.75). Nutritional supplementation significantly increased FFM index (k=11, SMD 0.31, 95% CI 0.13-0.50; p<0.001), but not FFM (k=19, SMD 0.16, 95% CI -0.06-0.39; p=0.16). Combined exercise training and nutritional supplementation increased measures related to FFM in 67% of studies. Anabolic steroids increased FFM (k=4, SMD 0.98, 95% CI 0.24-1.72; p=0.009). Neuromuscular electrical stimulation increased measures related to FFM in 50% of studies. No interventions were more at risk of serious adverse events, low compliance or attrition. Discussion Exercise training and nutritional supplementation were not effective in isolation to increase FFM, but were for localised muscle and index measures, respectively. Combined, exercise and nutritional supplementation shows promise as a strategy to increase FFM in COPD. Anabolic steroids are efficacious for increasing FFM in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex R. Jenkins
- Clinical Exercise and Respiratory Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Kaveh Gaynor-Sodeifi
- Clinical Exercise and Respiratory Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Hayley Lewthwaite
- Clinical Exercise and Respiratory Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre of Research Excellence in Treatable Traits, College of Health, Medicine, and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Asthma and Breathing Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Jaycie Triandafilou
- Clinical Exercise and Respiratory Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Letícia F. Belo
- Clinical Exercise and Respiratory Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Physiotherapy, Physiotherapy Department, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Mayron Faria de Oliveira
- Clinical Exercise and Respiratory Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Science Division, Exercise Science, Lyon College, Batesville, AR, USA
| | - Dennis Jensen
- Clinical Exercise and Respiratory Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
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3
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de Bisschop C, Caron F, Ingrand P, Bretonneau Q, Dupuy O, Meurice JC. Does branched-chain amino acid supplementation improve pulmonary rehabilitation effect in COPD? Respir Med 2021; 189:106642. [PMID: 34678585 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle wasting is frequent in chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) and associated with low branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). We hypothesized that BCAA supplementation could potentiate the effect of a pulmonary rehabilitation program (PRP) by inducing muscular change. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty COPD patients (GOLD 2-3) were involved in an ambulatory 4-week PRP either with BCAA oral daily supplementation or placebo daily supplementation in a randomized double-blind design. Maximal exercise test including quadriceps oxygenation measurements, functional exercise test, muscle strength, lung function tests, body composition, dyspnea and quality of life were assessed before and after PRP. RESULTS Fifty-four patients (64.9 ± 8.3 years) completed the protocol. In both groups, maximal exercise capacity, functional and muscle performances, quality of life and dyspnea were improved after 4-week PRP (p ≤ 0.01). Changes in muscle oxygenation during the maximal exercise and recovery period were not modified after 4-week PRP in BCAA group. Contrarily, in the placebo group the muscle oxygenation kinetic of recovery was slowed down after PRP. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that a 4-week PRP with BCAA supplementation is not more beneficial than PRP alone for patients. A longer duration of supplementation or a more precise targeting of patients would need to be investigated to validate an effect on muscle recovery and to demonstrate other beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabrice Caron
- CHU Poitiers, F-86000, Poitiers, France; Centre de Réadaptation Du Moulin Vert, F-86340, Nieuil L'espoir, France
| | - Pierre Ingrand
- Université de Poitiers, CHU Poitiers, INSERM CIC 1402, F-86000, Poitiers, France
| | | | - Olivier Dupuy
- Université de Poitiers, MOVE, F-86000, Poitiers, France
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4
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Mølmen KS, Hammarström D, Falch GS, Grundtvig M, Koll L, Hanestadhaugen M, Khan Y, Ahmad R, Malerbakken B, Rødølen TJ, Lien R, Rønnestad BR, Raastad T, Ellefsen S. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease does not impair responses to resistance training. J Transl Med 2021; 19:292. [PMID: 34229714 PMCID: PMC8261934 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02969-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are prone to accelerated decay of muscle strength and mass with advancing age. This is believed to be driven by disease-inherent systemic pathophysiologies, which are also assumed to drive muscle cells into a state of anabolic resistance, leading to impaired abilities to adapt to resistance exercise training. Currently, this phenomenon remains largely unstudied. In this study, we aimed to investigate the assumed negative effects of COPD for health- and muscle-related responsiveness to resistance training using a healthy control-based translational approach. Methods Subjects with COPD (n = 20, GOLD II-III, FEV1predicted 57 ± 11%, age 69 ± 5) and healthy controls (Healthy, n = 58, FEV1predicted 112 ± 16%, age 67 ± 4) conducted identical whole-body resistance training interventions for 13 weeks, consisting of two weekly supervised training sessions. Leg exercises were performed unilaterally, with one leg conducting high-load training (10RM) and the contralateral leg conducting low-load training (30RM). Measurements included muscle strength (nvariables = 7), endurance performance (nvariables = 6), muscle mass (nvariables = 3), muscle quality, muscle biology (m. vastus lateralis; muscle fiber characteristics, RNA content including transcriptome) and health variables (body composition, blood). For core outcome domains, weighted combined factors were calculated from the range of singular assessments. Results COPD displayed well-known pathophysiologies at baseline, including elevated levels of systemic low-grade inflammation ([c-reactive protein]serum), reduced muscle mass and functionality, and muscle biological aberrancies. Despite this, resistance training led to improved lower-limb muscle strength (15 ± 8%), muscle mass (7 ± 5%), muscle quality (8 ± 8%) and lower-limb/whole-body endurance performance (26 ± 12%/8 ± 9%) in COPD, resembling or exceeding responses in Healthy, measured in both relative and numeric change terms. Within the COPD cluster, lower FEV1predicted was associated with larger numeric and relative increases in muscle mass and superior relative improvements in maximal muscle strength. This was accompanied by similar changes in hallmarks of muscle biology such as rRNA-content↑, muscle fiber cross-sectional area↑, type IIX proportions↓, and changes in mRNA transcriptomics. Neither of the core outcome domains were differentially affected by resistance training load. Conclusions COPD showed hitherto largely unrecognized responsiveness to resistance training, rejecting the notion of disease-related impairments and rather advocating such training as a potent measure to relieve pathophysiologies. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02598830. Registered November 6th 2015, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02598830 Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-021-02969-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Knut Sindre Mølmen
- Section for Health and Exercise Physiology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 422, 2604, Lillehammer, Norway.
| | - Daniel Hammarström
- Section for Health and Exercise Physiology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 422, 2604, Lillehammer, Norway
| | - Gunnar Slettaløkken Falch
- Section for Health and Exercise Physiology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 422, 2604, Lillehammer, Norway
| | - Morten Grundtvig
- Department of Medicine, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway
| | - Lise Koll
- Department of Pathology, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway
| | | | - Yusuf Khan
- Section for Health and Exercise Physiology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 422, 2604, Lillehammer, Norway.,Department of Biotechnology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hamar, Norway
| | - Rafi Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hamar, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | | | - Roger Lien
- Innlandet Hospital Trust, Granheim Lung Hospital, Follebu, Norway
| | - Bent R Rønnestad
- Section for Health and Exercise Physiology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 422, 2604, Lillehammer, Norway
| | - Truls Raastad
- Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stian Ellefsen
- Section for Health and Exercise Physiology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 422, 2604, Lillehammer, Norway.,Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway
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5
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van den Borst B. Nutritional supplementation during pulmonary rehabilitation in COPD: Do not expect an elixir of life but keep the hunger for more robust evidence. Chron Respir Dis 2020; 17:1479973120904954. [PMID: 32090606 PMCID: PMC7040923 DOI: 10.1177/1479973120904954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Parnham MJ, Geisslinger G. Pharmacological plasticity-How do you hit a moving target? Pharmacol Res Perspect 2019; 7:e00532. [PMID: 31768257 PMCID: PMC6868654 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Paul Ehrlich's concept of the magic bullet, by which a single drug induces pharmacological effects by interacting with a single receptor has been a strong driving force in pharmacology for a century. It is continually thwarted, though, by the fact that the treated organism is highly dynamic and the target molecule(s) is (are) never static. In this article, we address some of the factors that modify and cause the mobility and plasticity of drug targets and their interactions with ligands and discuss how these can lead to unexpected (lack of) effects of drugs. These factors include genetic, epigenetic, and phenotypic variability, cellular plasticity, chronobiological rhythms, time, age and disease resolution, sex, drug metabolism, and distribution. We emphasize four existing approaches that can be taken, either singly or in combination, to try to minimize effects of pharmacological plasticity. These are firstly, to enhance specificity using target conditions close to those in diseases, secondly, by simultaneously or thirdly, sequentially aiming at multiple targets, and fourthly, in synchronization with concurrent dietary, psychological, training, and biorhythm-synchronizing procedures to optimize drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Parnham
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology & Applied Ecology IMEBranch for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMPFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology & Applied Ecology IMEBranch for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMPFrankfurt am MainGermany
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyJ.W. Goethe UniversityFrankfurtGermany
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7
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Billingsley HE, Rodriguez-Miguelez P, Del Buono MG, Abbate A, Lavie CJ, Carbone S. Lifestyle Interventions with a Focus on Nutritional Strategies to Increase Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Heart Failure, Obesity, Sarcopenia, and Frailty. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11122849. [PMID: 31766324 PMCID: PMC6950118 DOI: 10.3390/nu11122849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is an independent predictor for all-cause and disease-specific morbidity and mortality. CRF is a modifiable risk factor, and exercise training and increased physical activity, as well as targeted medical therapies, can improve CRF. Although nutrition is a modifiable risk factor for chronic noncommunicable diseases, little is known about the effect of dietary patterns and specific nutrients on modifying CRF. This review focuses specifically on trials that implemented dietary supplementation, modified dietary pattern, or enacted caloric restriction, with and without exercise training interventions, and subsequently measured the effect on peak oxygen consumption (VO2) or surrogate measures of CRF and functional capacity. Populations selected for this review are those recognized to have a reduced CRF, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart failure, obesity, sarcopenia, and frailty. We then summarize the state of existing knowledge and explore future directions of study in disease states recently recognized to have an abnormal CRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley E. Billingsley
- Department of Internal Medicine, VCU Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA; (H.E.B.); (A.A.)
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Sciences, College of Humanities & Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
| | - Paula Rodriguez-Miguelez
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Sciences, College of Humanities & Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
| | - Marco Giuseppe Del Buono
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Antonio Abbate
- Department of Internal Medicine, VCU Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA; (H.E.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Carl J. Lavie
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ochsner Clinical School, New Orleans, LA 70121, USA;
| | - Salvatore Carbone
- Department of Internal Medicine, VCU Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA; (H.E.B.); (A.A.)
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Sciences, College of Humanities & Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-804-628-3980
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8
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Pelgrim CE, Peterson JD, Gosker HR, Schols AMWJ, van Helvoort A, Garssen J, Folkerts G, Kraneveld AD. Psychological co-morbidities in COPD: Targeting systemic inflammation, a benefit for both? Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 842:99-110. [PMID: 30336140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
COPD is a chronic lung disease characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation due to airway and/or alveolar abnormalities. Furthermore, COPD is often characterized by extrapulmonary manifestations and comorbidities worsening COPD progression and quality of life. A neglected comorbidity in COPD management is mental health impairment defined by anxiety, depression and cognitive problems. This paper summarizes the evidence for impaired mental health in COPD and focuses on current pharmacological intervention strategies. In addition, possible mechanisms in impaired mental health in COPD are discussed with a central role for inflammation. Many comorbidities are associated with multi-organ-associated systemic inflammation in COPD. Considering the accumulative evidence for a major role of systemic inflammation in the development of neurological disorders, it can be hypothesized that COPD-associated systemic inflammation also affects the function of the brain and is an interesting therapeutic target for nutra- and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E Pelgrim
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Julia D Peterson
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Harry R Gosker
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Annemie M W J Schols
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ardy van Helvoort
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Nutrition, Metabolism and Muscle Sciences, Nutricia Research, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Johan Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Platform Immunology, Nutricia Research, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gert Folkerts
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Aletta D Kraneveld
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Veterinary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Institute of Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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9
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Ambrosino N, Bertella E. Lifestyle interventions in prevention and comprehensive management of COPD. Breathe (Sheff) 2018; 14:186-194. [PMID: 30186516 PMCID: PMC6118879 DOI: 10.1183/20734735.018618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic respiratory diseases are among the four major human chronic diseases. Tobacco smoke as well as environmental pollutants, infections, physical activity and nutritional status play a role in the prevalence, development and/or progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Changes in lifestyle are possible and may be beneficial in prevention and comprehensive management of COPD. Population-level interventions aimed at early diagnosis, promotion of vaccinations and prevention of infections, and reductions in smoking, environmental pollutants, physical inactivity, obesity and malnutrition may increase the number of life-years lived in good health. EDUCATIONAL AIMS To improve awareness of the influence of lifestyle on natural history of COPD.To describe the effects of some interventions to modify lifestyle in prevention and management.To provide information on the main clinical results.To define recommendations and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Enrica Bertella
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS Lumezzane, Brescia, Italy
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10
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van de Bool C, Rutten EP, van Helvoort A, Franssen FM, Wouters EF, Schols AM. A randomized clinical trial investigating the efficacy of targeted nutrition as adjunct to exercise training in COPD. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2017; 8:748-758. [PMID: 28608438 PMCID: PMC5659064 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence regarding the efficacy of nutritional supplementation to enhance exercise training responses in COPD patients with low muscle mass is limited. The objective was to study if nutritional supplementation targeting muscle derangements enhances outcome of exercise training in COPD patients with low muscle mass. METHODS Eighty-one COPD patients with low muscle mass, admitted to out-patient pulmonary rehabilitation, randomly received oral nutritional supplementation, enriched with leucine, vitamin D, and omega-3 fatty acids (NUTRITION) or PLACEBO as adjunct to 4 months supervised high intensity exercise training. RESULTS The study population (51% males, aged 43-80) showed moderate airflow limitation, low diffusion capacity, normal protein intake, low plasma vitamin D, and docosahexaenoic acid. Intention-to-treat analysis revealed significant differences after 4 months favouring NUTRITION for body mass (mean difference ± SEM) (+1.5 ± 0.6 kg, P = 0.01), plasma vitamin D (+24%, P = 0.004), eicosapentaenoic acid (+91%,P < 0.001), docosahexaenoic acid (+31%, P < 0.001), and steps/day (+24%, P = 0.048). After 4 months, both groups improved skeletal muscle mass (+0.4 ± 0.1 kg, P < 0.001), quadriceps muscle strength (+12.3 ± 2.3 Nm,P < 0.001), and cycle endurance time (+191.4 ± 34.3 s, P < 0.001). Inspiratory muscle strength only improved in NUTRITION (+0.5 ± 0.1 kPa, P = 0.001) and steps/day declined in PLACEBO (-18%,P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS High intensity exercise training is effective in improving lower limb muscle strength and exercise performance in COPD patients with low muscle mass and moderate airflow obstruction. Specific nutritional supplementation had additional effects on nutritional status, inspiratory muscle strength, and physical activity compared with placebo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coby van de Bool
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in MetabolismMaastricht University Medical Center+MaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | | | - Ardy van Helvoort
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in MetabolismMaastricht University Medical Center+MaastrichtThe Netherlands
- Nutricia Research, Nutricia Advanced Medical NutritionUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Frits M.E. Franssen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in MetabolismMaastricht University Medical Center+MaastrichtThe Netherlands
- Department of Research and EducationCIRO+ HornHaelenThe Netherlands
| | - Emiel F.M. Wouters
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in MetabolismMaastricht University Medical Center+MaastrichtThe Netherlands
- On behalf of the CIRO network
| | - Annemie M.W.J. Schols
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in MetabolismMaastricht University Medical Center+MaastrichtThe Netherlands
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11
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van Norren K, Rusli F, van Dijk M, Lute C, Nagel J, Dijk FJ, Dwarkasing J, Boekschoten MV, Luiking Y, Witkamp RF, Müller M, Steegenga WT. Behavioural changes are a major contributing factor in the reduction of sarcopenia in caloric-restricted ageing mice. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2015; 6:253-68. [PMID: 26401472 PMCID: PMC4575557 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In rodent models, caloric restriction (CR) with maintenance of adequate micronutrient supply has been reported to increase lifespan and to reduce age-induced muscle loss (sarcopenia) during ageing. In the present study, we further investigated effects of CR on the onset and severity of sarcopenia in ageing male C57BL/6 J mice. The aim of this study was to investigate whether CR induces changes in behaviour of the animals that could contribute to the pronounced health-promoting effects of CR in rodents. In addition, we aimed to investigate in more detail the effects of CR on the onset and severity of sarcopenia. METHODS The mice received either an ad libitum diet (control) or a diet matching 70 E% of the control diet (C). Daily activity, body composition (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry), grip strength, insulin sensitivity, and general agility and balance were determined at different ages. Mice were killed at 4, 12, 24, and 28 months. Skeletal muscles of the hind limb were dissected, and the muscle extensor digitorum longus muscle was used for force-frequency measurements. The musculus tibialis was used for real-time quantitative PCR analysis. RESULTS From the age of 12 months, CR animals were nearly half the weight of the control animals, which was mainly related to a lower fat mass. In the control group, the hind limb muscles showed a decline in mass at 24 or 28 months of age, which was not present in the CR group. Moreover, insulin sensitivity (oral glucose tolerance test) was higher in this group and the in vivo and ex vivo grip strength did not differ between the two groups. In the hours before food was provided, CR animals were far more active than control animals, while total daily activity was not increased. Moreover, agility test indicated that CR animals were better climbers and showed more climbing behaviours. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirms earlier findings that in CR animals less sarcopenia is present. The mice on the CR diet, however, showed specific behavioural changes characterized by higher bursts of activity within a short time frame before consumption of a 70 E% daily meal. We hypothesize that the positive effects of CR on muscle maintenance in rodents are not merely a direct consequence of a lower energy intake but also related to a more active behaviour in a specific time frame. The burst of activity just before immediate start of eating, might lead to a highly effective use of the restricted protein sources available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaske van Norren
- Nutrition and Pharmacology Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University Wageningen, The Netherlands ; Nutricia Research Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Fenni Rusli
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Carolien Lute
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Jvalini Dwarkasing
- Nutrition and Pharmacology Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mark V Boekschoten
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Renger F Witkamp
- Nutrition and Pharmacology Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Müller
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wilma T Steegenga
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University Wageningen, The Netherlands
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12
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Schols AM, Ferreira IM, Franssen FM, Gosker HR, Janssens W, Muscaritoli M, Pison C, Rutten-van Mölken M, Slinde F, Steiner MC, Tkacova R, Singh SJ. Nutritional assessment and therapy in COPD: a European Respiratory Society statement. Eur Respir J 2014; 44:1504-20. [PMID: 25234804 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00070914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nutrition and metabolism have been the topic of extensive scientific research in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) but clinical awareness of the impact dietary habits, nutritional status and nutritional interventions may have on COPD incidence, progression and outcome is limited. A multidisciplinary Task Force was created by the European Respiratory Society to deliver a summary of the evidence and description of current practice in nutritional assessment and therapy in COPD, and to provide directions for future research. Task Force members conducted focused reviews of the literature on relevant topics, advised by a methodologist. It is well established that nutritional status, and in particular abnormal body composition, is an important independent determinant of COPD outcome. The Task Force identified different metabolic phenotypes of COPD as a basis for nutritional risk profile assessment that is useful in clinical trial design and patient counselling. Nutritional intervention is probably effective in undernourished patients and probably most when combined with an exercise programme. Providing evidence of cost-effectiveness of nutritional intervention is required to support reimbursement and thus increase access to nutritional intervention. Overall, the evidence indicates that a well-balanced diet is beneficial to all COPD patients, not only for its potential pulmonary benefits, but also for its proven benefits in metabolic and cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemie M Schols
- NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ivone M Ferreira
- Asthma and Airways Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Canada Dept of Respiratory Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Frits M Franssen
- Program Development Centre, CIRO+ (Centre of Expertise for Chronic Organ Failure), Horn, The Netherlands
| | - Harry R Gosker
- NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Janssens
- Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Christophe Pison
- Clinique Universitaire de Pneumologie, Institut du Thorax, CHU Grenoble, Grenoble, France Inserm U1055, Grenoble, France Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France European Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine, Lyon, France
| | - Maureen Rutten-van Mölken
- Erasmus University Rotterdam, Institute of Health Policy and Management, Rotterdam The Netherlands Erasmus University Rotterdam, Institute of Medical Technology Assessment, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frode Slinde
- Dept of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Michael C Steiner
- Centre for Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Ruzena Tkacova
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia L. Pasteur University Hospital, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Sally J Singh
- Centre for Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
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13
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Güell Rous MR, Díaz Lobato S, Rodríguez Trigo G, Morante Vélez F, San Miguel M, Cejudo P, Ortega Ruiz F, Muñoz A, Galdiz Iturri JB, García A, Servera E. Pulmonary rehabilitation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arbr.2014.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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14
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Maltais F, Decramer M, Casaburi R, Barreiro E, Burelle Y, Debigaré R, Dekhuijzen PNR, Franssen F, Gayan-Ramirez G, Gea J, Gosker HR, Gosselink R, Hayot M, Hussain SNA, Janssens W, Polkey MI, Roca J, Saey D, Schols AMWJ, Spruit MA, Steiner M, Taivassalo T, Troosters T, Vogiatzis I, Wagner PD. An official American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society statement: update on limb muscle dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2014; 189:e15-62. [PMID: 24787074 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201402-0373st] [Citation(s) in RCA: 683] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limb muscle dysfunction is prevalent in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and it has important clinical implications, such as reduced exercise tolerance, quality of life, and even survival. Since the previous American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society (ATS/ERS) statement on limb muscle dysfunction, important progress has been made on the characterization of this problem and on our understanding of its pathophysiology and clinical implications. PURPOSE The purpose of this document is to update the 1999 ATS/ERS statement on limb muscle dysfunction in COPD. METHODS An interdisciplinary committee of experts from the ATS and ERS Pulmonary Rehabilitation and Clinical Problems assemblies determined that the scope of this document should be limited to limb muscles. Committee members conducted focused reviews of the literature on several topics. A librarian also performed a literature search. An ATS methodologist provided advice to the committee, ensuring that the methodological approach was consistent with ATS standards. RESULTS We identified important advances in our understanding of the extent and nature of the structural alterations in limb muscles in patients with COPD. Since the last update, landmark studies were published on the mechanisms of development of limb muscle dysfunction in COPD and on the treatment of this condition. We now have a better understanding of the clinical implications of limb muscle dysfunction. Although exercise training is the most potent intervention to address this condition, other therapies, such as neuromuscular electrical stimulation, are emerging. Assessment of limb muscle function can identify patients who are at increased risk of poor clinical outcomes, such as exercise intolerance and premature mortality. CONCLUSIONS Limb muscle dysfunction is a key systemic consequence of COPD. However, there are still important gaps in our knowledge about the mechanisms of development of this problem. Strategies for early detection and specific treatments for this condition are also needed.
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15
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Güell Rous MR, Díaz Lobato S, Rodríguez Trigo G, Morante Vélez F, San Miguel M, Cejudo P, Ortega Ruiz F, Muñoz A, Galdiz Iturri JB, García A, Servera E. Pulmonary rehabilitation. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR). Arch Bronconeumol 2014; 50:332-44. [PMID: 24845559 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2014.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) has been shown to improve dyspnea, exercise capacity and health-related quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). PR has also shown benefits in diseases other than COPD but the level of evidence is lower. The fundamental components of PR programs are muscle training, education and chest physiotherapy. Occupational therapy, psychosocial support and nutritional intervention should also be considered. Home programs have been shown to be as effective as hospital therapy. The duration of rehabilitation programs should not be less than 8 weeks or 20 sessions. Early initiation of PR, even during exacerbations, has proven safe and effective. The use of oxygen or noninvasive ventilation during training is controversial and dependent on the patient's situation. At present, the best strategy for maintaining the benefits of PR in the long term is unknown. Longer PR programs or telemedicine could play a key role in extending the results obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gema Rodríguez Trigo
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, España
| | | | - Marta San Miguel
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, España
| | - Pilar Cejudo
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Virgen del Rocío, CIBERES, IBIS, Sevilla, España
| | | | - Alejandro Muñoz
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital General Universitario de Elda, Elda, Alicante, España
| | | | - Almudena García
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, España
| | - Emilio Servera
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Clínico de Valencia, Valencia, España
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16
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Goh F, Shaw JG, Savarimuthu Francis SM, Vaughan A, Morrison L, Relan V, Marshall HM, Dent AG, O'Hare PE, Hsiao A, Bowman RV, Fong KM, Yang IA. Personalizing and targeting therapy for COPD: the role of molecular and clinical biomarkers. Expert Rev Respir Med 2013; 7:593-605. [PMID: 24160750 DOI: 10.1586/17476348.2013.842468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation. It is the third leading cause of death worldwide, and there are currently no curative strategies for this disease. Many factors contribute to COPD susceptibility, progression and exacerbations. These include cigarette smoking, environmental and occupational pollutants, respiratory infections and comorbidities. As the clinical phenotypes of COPD are so variable, it has been difficult to devise an individualized treatment plan for patients with this complex chronic disease. This review will highlight how potential clinical, inflammatory, genomic and epigenomic biomarkers for COPD could be used to personalize treatment, leading to improved disease management and prevention for our patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia Goh
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
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17
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Mechanism and novel therapeutic approaches to wasting in chronic disease. Maturitas 2013; 75:199-206. [PMID: 23664695 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2013.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome defined by continuous loss of skeletal muscle mass - with or without loss of fat mass - which cannot be fully reversed by conventional nutritional support and which may lead to progressive functional impairment and increased death risk. Its pathophysiology is characterized by negative protein and energy balance driven by a variable combination of reduced food intake and abnormal metabolism. Muscle wasting is encountered in virtually all chronic disease states in particular during advanced stages of the respective illness. Several pre-clinical and clinical studies are ongoing to ameliorate this clinical problem. The mechanisms of muscle wasting and cachexia in chronic diseases such as cancer, chronic heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic kidney disease are described. We discuss therapeutic targets and such potential modulators as appetite stimulants, selective androgen receptor modulators, amino acids and naturally occurring peptide hormones.
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Lainscak M, Gosker HR, Schols AMWJ. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patient journey: hospitalizations as window of opportunity for extra-pulmonary intervention. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2013; 16:278-83. [PMID: 23507875 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0b013e328360285d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Hospitalizations due to exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are a major burden for patient and healthcare system. Extra-pulmonary needs and resulting interventions are poorly investigated. RECENT FINDINGS COPD induces nutritional issues, body composition changes and limits patient exercise capacity. The COPD patient journey can be accelerated through exacerbations during which disease-related detrimental factors such as systemic inflammation, hypoxia, inactivity, and glucocorticosteroid treatment converge and intensify, which acutely and often irreversibly worsens patient condition. Specific needs during exacerbations reach beyond the respiratory system, thus clinicians should comprehensively evaluate patients and identify potent and feasible metabolic and anabolic intervention targets. General and specific nutritional support appear feasible and with potential to cover for the changed bodily requirements during exacerbation. Adjunctive physical exercise or neuromuscular electrical stimulation may prevent the muscle loss. SUMMARY Hospitalizations should be considered as a window of opportunity for detailed patient assessment and implementation of tailored extra-pulmonary adjunctive strategies with long-term implications. Nutritional assessment and support as well as physical exercise appear promising but should be investigated in adequately designed and conducted trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitja Lainscak
- Division of Cardiology, University Clinic of Pulmonary and Allergic Diseases Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia.
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