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Zhou S, Gao X, Chen C, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Yan X. Porcine cardiac blood - Salvia miltiorrhiza root alleviates cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury by inhibiting oxidative stress induced apoptosis through PI3K/AKT/Bcl-2/Bax signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 316:116698. [PMID: 37286116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. mixed with porcine cardiac blood (PCB-DS) is mainly employed for the treatment of brain ischemia-induced mental disturbances, palpitations and phlegm confusion based on the traditional principle of Menghe medical sect. PCB is the guide to DS and enhances the effect of DS. However, the potential mechanism of PCB-DS preventing cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) from the perspective of oxidative stress induced cell apoptosis remains unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the pharmacological activity and molecular mechanism of PCB-DS against CIRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS DS samples processed with different methods were prepared and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS was employed for qualitative analysis of the respective processing product. The middle cerebral artery occlusion reperfusion model was then established to investigate the pharmacological activities of PCB-DS. Pathological changes in the rat brain were observed by triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC), hematoxylin-eosin, and TUNEL staining. The levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α were detected by ELISA to evaluate the inflammatory damage. Metabolomics of cerebrospinal fluid was further used to explore the potential mechanism of PCB-DS in preventing CIRI. Based on this, the levels of oxidative stress-related lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined. The protein levels of PI3K, AKT, Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved-caspase-3, and cleaved-caspase-9 proteins of the cerebral infarct zone were finally measured by western blotting. RESULTS Forty-seven components were identified in four processing products. Compared to DS, the content of total aqueous components in PCB-DS was significantly increased including salvianolic acid B isomer, salvianolic acid D, salvianolic acid F, and salvianolic acid H/I/J. Among the DS, DS processed with wine, DS processed with pig blood, and DS processed with porcine cardiac blood, PCB-DS best alleviated the CIRI through the neurological score, brain infarct volume, brain histopathology and the levels of inflammatory factors in the brain. Twenty-five significant metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid were screened out between the sham and I/R groups. They were mainly involved in the beta-alanine metabolism, histidine metabolism, and lysine degradation, which indicated that PCB-DS may inhibit oxidative stress-induced apoptosis to achieve treating ischemic stroke. The results of biomedical examination showed that PCB-DS could alleviate oxidative damage, significantly downregulate the expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9, and upregulate the expression of p-PI3K, p-AKT, and Bcl-2. CONCLUSION In summary, this study demonstrated that PCB-DS alleviated CIRI and the molecular mechanism may be related to inhibiting the oxidative stress induced apoptosis through PI3K/AKT/Bcl-2/Bax signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikang Zhou
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Human Use Experience Research & Transformation of Menghe Medical Sect, Changzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 25 Heping North Road, Tianning District, Changzhou, 213003, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.138, Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Xiaoqin Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.138, Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Can Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.138, Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Jinyun Zhang
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Human Use Experience Research & Transformation of Menghe Medical Sect, Changzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 25 Heping North Road, Tianning District, Changzhou, 213003, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.138, Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.138, Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
| | - Xiaojing Yan
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Human Use Experience Research & Transformation of Menghe Medical Sect, Changzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 25 Heping North Road, Tianning District, Changzhou, 213003, PR China.
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Zhu X, He L, Gao W, Zhao Z. Neuroprotective investigation of tanshinone in the cerebral infarction model in the Keap1-Nrf2/ARE pathway. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:390-402. [PMID: 36066030 PMCID: PMC9879188 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2119687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
It was to investigate the neuroprotective mechanism of tanshinone after cerebral infarction via the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant reaction element (ARE) signaling pathway. Forty specific pathogen-free (SPF) Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were selected, all of which were male, approximately seven weeks old, weighing 250 ± 25 g. They were randomly divided into a model group, a non-model operation group, a positive control group, and an experimental group with ten SD rats in each group. The model of cerebral infarction in rats was established by the wire occlusion method. The model group and non-model operation group (control group) were injected with normal saline daily, the negative control group was injected with Keap1 gene inhibitor daily, and the experimental group was injected with tanshinone IIA (10 mg·kg-1·d-1) daily. Animal behavior analysis was performed on the 7th day after the operation, and pathology and the neuroprotective effects of tanshinone IIA on cells were assessed, including cell proliferation, autophagy, oxidative damage, and mitochondrial membrane permeability. The neuroprotective mechanism based on the Keap1-Nrf2/ARE pathway was explored and analyzed. Compared with the model group, the number of Keap1 proteins in the experimental group and the control group was substantially reduced (P < 0.05), and the experimental group was substantially different from the model group (P < 0.01). The protein expression of Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1 increased substantially (P < 0.05), and the experimental group was substantially different from the model group (P < 0.01). In summary, tanshinone IIA promoted the proliferation of nerve cells, inhibited the production of cellular reactive oxygen species, inhibited the change in mitochondrial membrane potential, and activated the Keap1-Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. It also induced and regulated the upregulation of downstream NQO1, HO-1, etc. and protected cells from cerebral infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Dong Fang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan He
- Department of Neurology, Dong Fang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhonghui Zhao
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Hao DL, Li JM, Xie R, Huo HR, Xiong XJ, Sui F, Wang PQ. The role of traditional herbal medicine for ischemic stroke: from bench to clinic-A critical review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 109:154609. [PMID: 36610141 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke (IS) is a leading cause of death and severe long-term disability worldwide. Over the past few decades, considerable progress has been made in anti-ischemic therapies. However, IS remains a tremendous challenge, with favourable clinical outcomes being generally difficult to achieve from candidate drugs in preclinical phase testing. Traditional herbal medicine (THM) has been used to treat stroke for over 2,000 years in China. In modern times, THM as an alternative and complementary therapy have been prescribed in other Asian countries and have gained increasing attention for their therapeutic effects. These millennia of clinical experience allow THM to be a promising avenue for improving clinical efficacy and accelerating drug discovery. PURPOSE To summarise the clinical evidence and potential mechanisms of THMs in IS. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted in seven electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, the VIP Information Database, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and the Wanfang Database, from inception to 17 June 2022 to examine the efficacy and safety of THM for IS, and to investigate experimental studies regarding potential mechanisms. RESULTS THM is widely prescribed for IS alone or as adjuvant therapy. In clinical trials, THM is generally administered within 72 h of stroke onset and are continuously prescribed for over 3 months. Compared with Western medicine (WM), THM combined with routine WM can significantly improve neurological function defect scores, promote clinical total effective rate, and accelerate the recovery time of stroke with fewer adverse effects (AEs). These effects can be attributed to multiple mechanisms, mainly anti-inflammation, antioxidative stress, anti-apoptosis, brain blood barrier (BBB) modulation, inhibition of platelet activation and thrombus formation, and promotion of neurogenesis and angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS THM may be a promising candidate for IS management to guide clinical applications and as a reference for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Li Hao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jia-Meng Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ran Xie
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hai-Ru Huo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xing-Jiang Xiong
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Feng Sui
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Peng-Qian Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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Zeng J, Yang K, Nie H, Yuan L, Wang S, Zeng L, Ge A, Ge J. The mechanism of intestinal microbiota regulating immunity and inflammation in ischemic stroke and the role of natural botanical active ingredients in regulating intestinal microbiota: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:114026. [PMID: 36436491 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota is a unique ecosystem, known as the "second genome" of human beings. With the widespread application of next generation sequencing (NGS), especially 16 S rRNA and shotgun sequencing, numerous studies have shown that dysregulation of intestinal microbiota is associated with many central nervous system diseases. Ischemic stroke (IS) is a cerebrovascular disease with high morbidity and mortality. Brain damage in IS affects intestinal function, and intestinal dysfunction further aggravates brain damage, forming a vicious circle of mutual interference in pathology. The microbiota-gut-brain axis study based on the intestinal microbiota has opened up broader ideas for exploring its pathogenesis and risk factors, and also provided more possibilities for the selection of therapeutic targets for this type of drug. This review discussed the application of NGS technology in the study of intestinal microbiota and the research progress of microbiota-gut-brain axis in recent years, and systematically sorts out the literature on the relationship between ischemic stroke and intestinal microbiota. It starts with the characteristics of microbiota-gut-brain axis' bidirectional regulation, respectively discusses the high risk factors of IS under intestinal microbiota imbalance and the physiological and pathological changes of intestinal microbiota after IS, and summarizes the related targets, in order to provide reliable reference for the treatment of IS from intestinal microbiota. In addition, natural botanical active ingredients have achieved good results in the treatment of IS based on regulating the homeostasis of gut microbiota, providing new evidence for studying the potential targets and therapies of IS based on the microbiota-gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Zeng
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Kailin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha City, China..
| | - Huifang Nie
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha City, China
| | - Le Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha City, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha City, China
| | - Liuting Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha City, China..
| | - Anqi Ge
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jinwen Ge
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha City, China.; Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China..
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Du H, He Y, Zhu J, Zhou H, Shao C, Yang J, Wan H. Danhong injection alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathway and improving mitochondrial function in hyperlipidemia rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:114075. [PMID: 36481401 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia threatens human health and life. Hyperlipidemia is a risk of cerebral ischemia. Danhong injection (DHI) is a traditional Chinese medical preparation for the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases. However, the effects of DHI on mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and mitochondrial function following cerebral ischemia in hyperlipidemia rats are not clear. In this study, SD rats were fed by high-fat diet for six weeks to establish the hyperlipidemia model, except for the sham and ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) groups. Hyperlipidemia rats were assigned into I/R + high-fat diet (HFD) group, DHI 1 mL/kg group, and DHI 2 mL/kg group. DHI was administrated to the drug group via caudal vein for seven consecutive days (once per day). Subsequently, rats underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 1 h and reperfusion for 24 h. The results showed that DHI significantly reduced cerebral infarction volume, ameliorated neurological function, improved pathological changes, and inhibited apoptosis. DHI could significantly restore the levels of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I-IV, increase the ATP content and COX activity, and decrease the level of OFR in the ischemic brain mitochondria of hyperlipidemia rats after I/R. DHI significantly regulated the levels of cytochrome c (Cyt c), Apaf1, Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, and Caspase-9 in brain tissue, and improved mitochondrial dynamics (Mfn1, Mfn2, OPA1, Drp1, and Fis1). The results indicate that DHI could alleviate ischemic brain injury in hyperlipidemia rats, and the mechanism may be to improve mitochondrial function by restoring the mitochondrial respiratory chain and changing the protein balance of mitochondrial fusion and fission, and inhibiting mitochondria-dependent apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Du
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yu He
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Huifen Zhou
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Chongyu Shao
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jiehong Yang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China.
| | - Haitong Wan
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China.
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Ma Y, Deng K, Liu J, Ma B, Mei F, Hui W, Luo X, Yao M, Liu Y, Qin X, Zhou X, Zou K, Li L, Sun X. The add-on effects of Danhong injection among patients with ischemic stroke receiving Western medicines: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:937369. [PMID: 36081951 PMCID: PMC9445550 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.937369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Danhong injection is widely used for treating ischemic stroke in China. However, its effects on ischemic stroke patients when given along with Western medicines (i.e., the add-on effect) were not well-established. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and three Chinese databases from inception to 20 July 2020 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the effects of Danhong injection as add-on therapy in patients with ischemic stroke. Pairs of trained reviewers independently screened for eligible studies, assessed risk of bias, and extracted the data. The outcomes were the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale Score (NIHSS), Barthel index, activities of daily living (ADL), total cholesterol, and homocysteine (Hcy). Results: Sixty-seven RCTs of 6594 patients with varying risk of bias were included. Compared with Western medicine alone, the addition of Danhong injection to Western medicine significantly lowered the NIHSS score (45 RCTs with 4565 patients; MD −4.21, 95% CI −4.96 to −3.46), total cholesterol (10 trials with 1019 patients; MD −1.14 mmol/L, 95% CI −1.57 to −0.72), and Hcy (four trials with 392 patients; MD −3.54 μmol/L, 95% CI −4.38 to −2.07). The addition of Danhong also increased the Barthel index (14 trials with 1270 patients; MD 8.71, 95% CI 3.68–13.74) and ADL (12 trials with 1114 patients; MD 14.48, 95% CI 9.04–19.92) scores. Subgroup analyses showed differential effects in the average cerebral blood flow rate by mean age of patients (<60 years: MD 0.74 cm/s, 95% CI 0.29–1.19; ≥60 years: MD 4.09 cm/s, 95% CI 2.02–6.16; interaction p = 0.002) and the NIHSS score by type of baseline Western medicines (interaction p < 0.00001). Conclusion: The addition of Danhong injection to Western medicine may improve neurological function, self-care ability, and blood lipid level of ischemic stroke patients. However, given most included trials with unclear risk of bias, current evidence is not definitive, and more carefully designed and conducted trials are warranted to confirm our findings. Systematic Review Registration: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/], identifier [CRD42022298628].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ma
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Center of Technology Innovation for Real World Data, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ke Deng
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Center of Technology Innovation for Real World Data, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiali Liu
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Center of Technology Innovation for Real World Data, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bin Ma
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Fan Mei
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Wen Hui
- Department of Science and Technology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaochao Luo
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Center of Technology Innovation for Real World Data, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Minghong Yao
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Center of Technology Innovation for Real World Data, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanmei Liu
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Center of Technology Innovation for Real World Data, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuan Qin
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Center of Technology Innovation for Real World Data, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Evidence-Based Medicine Research Center, School of Basic Science, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Kang Zou
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Center of Technology Innovation for Real World Data, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Li
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Center of Technology Innovation for Real World Data, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Ling Li,
| | - Xin Sun
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Center of Technology Innovation for Real World Data, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Li D, Li Y, Yang S, Yu Z, Xing Y, Wu M. Mechanism and Potential Target of Blood-Activating Chinese Botanical Drugs Combined With Anti-Platelet Drugs: Prevention and Treatment of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:811422. [PMID: 35721128 PMCID: PMC9204194 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.811422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVDs) are the most important diseases that endanger people’s health, leading to high morbidity and mortality worldwide. In addition, various thrombotic events secondary to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases need must be considered seriously. Therefore, the development of novel anti-platelet drugs with high efficiency, and fewer adverse effects has become a research focus for preventing of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Blood-activation and stasis-removal from circulation have been widely considered as principles for treating syndromes related to CVDs. Blood-activating Chinese (BAC botanical drugs, as members of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), have shown to improve hemodynamics and hemorheology, and inhibit thrombosis and atherosclerosis. Modern medical research has identified that a combination of BAC botanical drugs and anti-platelet drugs, such as aspirin or clopidogrel, not only enhances the anti-platelet effects, but also reduces the risk of bleeding and protects the vascular endothelium. The anti-platelet mechanism of Blood-activating Chinese (BAC) botanical drugs and their compounds is not clear; therefore, their potential targets need to be explored. With the continuous development of bioinformatics and “omics” technology, some unconventional applications of BAC botanical drugs have been discovered. In this review, we will focus on the related targets and signaling pathways of anti-atherosclerotic treatments involving a combination of BAC botanical drugs and anti-platelet drugs reported in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Guang'an Men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yujuan Li
- Guang'an Men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shengjie Yang
- Guang'an Men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zongliang Yu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanwei Xing
- Guang'an Men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wu
- Guang'an Men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness and Safety of Intravenous Thrombolysis in Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2021; 2021:2833043. [PMID: 34917165 PMCID: PMC8670916 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2833043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a meta-analysis of the effectiveness and safety of intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute cerebral infarction was carried out, the original literature inclusion criteria and retrieval strategies were developed, and the collection deadline was about new oral anticoagulants and other methods for the antithrombotic intravenous thrombolytic treatment of patients with acute cerebral infarction for the relevant literature on the safety and effectiveness comparison. First, the quality of the literature is evaluated according to whether the included studies are randomized controlled trials, whether there is randomized concealment, whether blinding is used, and whether they are withdrawn or lost to follow-up, and the RevMan 5.2 software is used for meta-analysis. At the same time, grey literature databases such as dissertations were experimentally searched, and all randomized controlled studies (RCT), nonrandomized controlled studies, case-controlled studies, cohort studies, case series reports, etc. of Wingspan in the treatment of intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis were collected. In the prevention of myocardial infarction in patients with acute cerebral infarction, the difference between the two was not statistically significant (RR = 0.82, 95% CI (0.57, 1.17), P = 0.27). Compared with other methods, it can significantly reduce the all-cause mortality of patients with nonvalvular venous thrombolysis, and the difference is statistically significant (RR = 0.90, 95% CI (0.85, 0.96), P = 0.001). Experimental results show that in terms of safety, the new oral anticoagulant is better than other methods in reducing minor bleeding in patients with acute cerebral infarction, and the difference is statistically significant (RR = 0.87, 95% CI (0.76, 0 99), P = 0.03); the effect is better than other methods in reducing the incidence of serious bleeding events, and the difference is statistically significant (RR = 0.79, 95% CI (0.74, 0.85), P < 0.00001).
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Ling Y, Jin L, Ma Q, Huang Y, Yang Q, Chen M, Shou Q. Salvianolic acid A alleviated inflammatory response mediated by microglia through inhibiting the activation of TLR2/4 in acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 87:153569. [PMID: 33985878 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toll-like receptor 2 and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR2/4) on microglia have been found as important regulators in the inflammatory response during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). In China, traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza (danshen) and its some components are considered to be effective in rescuing cerebral I/R injury through clinical practice. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE Here we examined the effect of Salvianolic acid A (SAA), a monomer compound in the water extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza, on TLR2/4 of microglia and its mediated inflammatory injury during cerebral I/R in vivo and in vitro. STUDY DESIGN For exploring the effect of SAA on cerebral I/R and TLR2/4, classic middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model and oxygen glucose deprivation / reoxygenation (OGD/R) model of co-culture with primary hippocampal neurons and microglia in vitro were used. Signal pathway research and gene knockout have been applied to further explain its mechanism. METHODS The evaluation indexes of I/R injury included infarct size, edema degree and pathology as well as primary hippocampal neurons and microglia culture, ELISA, western, RT-PCR, HE staining, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, siRNA gene knockout were also employed. RESULTS SAA significantly improved the degree of brain edema and ischemic area in I/R rats accompanied by decreases in levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Pathological staining revealed that SAA could reduce inflammatory cell infiltration and mcirogila activation after reperfusion. Both protein and gene expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in ischemic hemisphere were obviously inhibited by SAA treatment while changes were not found in the non-ischemic hemisphere. In order to further study its mechanism, OGD/R model was used to mimic inflammatory damage of ischemic tissue by co-culturing primary rat hippocampal neurons and microglial cells. It was found that SAA also inhibited the protein and gene expression of TLR2 and TLR4 after OGD/R injury in microglia. After TLR2/4 knockout, the inhibitory effect of SAA on IL-1β and TNF-α levels in cell supernatant and neuron apoptosis were significantly weakened in each dose group. Moreover, expression levels of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), NFκB, IL-1β and IL-6 in TLR2/4 mediated inflammatory pathway were reduced with SAA treatment. CONCLUSION SAA could significantly reduce the inflammatory response and injury in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in vivo and in vitro, and its mechanism may be through the inhibition of TLR2/4 and its related signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ling
- Animal Experimental Research Center, Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Jin
- Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanxin Ma
- Animal Experimental Research Center, Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Huang
- Animal Experimental Research Center, Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinqin Yang
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, 310007, People's Republic of China
| | - Minli Chen
- Animal Experimental Research Center, Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiyang Shou
- Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, People's Republic of China.
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Wang Y, Li L, Pan Y, He Y, Chen Z, Xun Y, Xu Y, Guo Y, Yang J, Guo J, Wan H. Comparison of the clinical features and therapeutics of COVID-19 in cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CCVD) and non-CCVD patients. Front Med 2021; 15:629-637. [PMID: 33909258 PMCID: PMC8079836 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-020-0825-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CCVD) is a major comorbidity of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the clinical characteristics and outcomes remain unclear. In this study, 102 cases of COVID-19 from January 22, 2020 to March 26, 2020 in Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou were included. Twenty cases had pre-existing CCVD. Results showed that compared with non-CCVD patients, those with CCVD are more likely to develop severe disease (15% versus 1%), and the proportion of pneumonia severity index grade IV was significantly higher (25% versus 3.6%). Computed tomography images demonstrated that the proportion of multiple lobe lesion involvement was significantly higher in the CCVD group than in the non-CCVD group (90% versus 63.4%). Compared with non-CCVD group, the levels of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, D-dimer, and serum amyloid-A were higher, whereas the total protein and arterial partial PaO2 were lower in the CCVD group. Although no statistical difference was observed in the outcomes between groups, CCVD patients received more intensive comprehensive treatment to improve COVID-19 symptoms compared with non-CCVD patients. Integrated Chinese and Western medicine treatments have certain advantages in controlling the severe conversion rate and mortality of COVID-19. In addition, given that COVID-19 patients are usually related to coagulation disorders and thrombosis risk, the application of Chinese medicine in promoting blood circulation and removing stasis should be strengthened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Institute of Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Lan Li
- Institute of Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yuanjiang Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yu He
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Zuhua Chen
- Integrated TCM & Western Medicine Department, Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Yunhao Xun
- Integrated TCM & Western Medicine Department, Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Yuhan Xu
- Institute of Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yilei Guo
- Institute of Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jiehong Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Jianchun Guo
- Integrated TCM & Western Medicine Department, Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, 310023, China.
| | - Haitong Wan
- Institute of Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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Huang C, Huang C, Zhou G. Danhong injection for the treatment of early diabetic nephropathy: A protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e22716. [PMID: 33120767 PMCID: PMC7581143 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000022716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the one that of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). Diabetic patients will experience a high mortality rate when DN progress to end-stage. So, it is extremely important to early treat DN. Although several interventions have been used to treat DN, a conclusive finding has not already been achieved. As one of the most common Chinese medicines, danhong injection (DHI) which has been shown to have various functions has also been prescribed to be as the alternative treatment option. However, no systematic review and meta-analysis has been conducted to objectively and comprehensively investigate its effectiveness and safety. Thus, we designed the current systematic review and meta-analysis to answer whether DHI can be preferably used to timely treat DN. METHODS We will perform a systematic search to capture any potentially eligible studies in several electronic databases including PubMed, Cochrane library, Embase, China National Knowledgement Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database, and Chinese sci-tech periodical full-text database (VIP) from their inception to August 31, 2020. We will assign 2 independent reviewers to select eligible studies, and assess the quality of included studies with Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. We will perform all statistical analyses using RevMan 5.3 software. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION We will submit our findings to be taken into consideration for publication in a peer-reviewed academic journal. Meanwhile, we will also communicate our findings in important conferences. PROTOCOL REGISTRY The protocol of this systematic review and meta-analysis has been registered at the International Plateform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (INPLASY) platform (https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2020-9-0005/, registry number: INPLASY202090005) and this protocol was funded through a protocol registry.
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Effects of Arteriovenous Thrombolysis Combined with Mechanical Thrombectomy on Efficacy and Neurological Function of Acute Cerebral Infarct Patients. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:9743075. [PMID: 33102600 PMCID: PMC7568809 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9743075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effects of arteriovenous thrombolysis combined with mechanical thrombectomy on clinical efficacy, neurological function, and the changes of nerve injury markers of acute cerebral infarct (ACI) patients. Methods A total of 143 cases with ACI admitted to our hospital from June 2017 to June 2019 were elected as research subjects. Among them, 69 cases of patients who received treatment of arteriovenous thrombolysis were considered as group A, and 74 cases of patients who received treatment of arteriovenous thrombolysis combined with mechanical thrombectomy were considered as group B. NIHSS score, clinical efficacy, vascular recanalization, adverse reactions, hemodynamics, neurological injury indexes, duration of coma, length of hospital stay, and prognosis of patients in the two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the NIHSS score of group A was higher than that of group B (P < 0.05), the clinical efficacy of group B was better than that of group A, and the incidence of adverse reactions was lower than that of group A (P < 0.05). There was no difference in vascular recanalization rate, duration of coma, and prognosis between the two groups (P > 0.05). Length of hospital stay, maximum peak velocity after treatment (Vs), and mean flow rate (Vm) of group A were lower than those of group B, while vascular resistance index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), serum glutamic acid (Glu), neuron-specific enolase (NES), and S100β protein detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of group A were higher than those of group B (P < 0.05). Conclusion Arteriovenous thrombolysis combined with mechanical thrombectomy has a significant effect on ACI, with high safety and quick effect. In addition, it has a stronger effect on improving and protecting the neurological function of patients, which is worth promoting in clinical practice.
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The association between thromboxane A 2 receptor gene polymorphisms and the risk of cerebral infarction. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2020; 198:106134. [PMID: 32810763 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2020.106134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
To explore the association between thromboxane A2 receptor (TXA2R) gene polymorphisms and the risk of cerebral infarction. We screened the relevant publications through the search engines in PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (the latest search update was performed on July 1, 2020). Gene-disease associations were measured using the estimation of OR (95 % CI) based on five genetic inheritance models. Totally three studies were included in this meta-analysis. TXA2R rs768963 polymorphism in homozygote comparison (OR = 1.86, 95 % CI: 1.35-2.56), heterozygote comparison (OR = 1.81, 95 % CI: 1.37-2.39), and dominant model (OR = 1.82, 95 % CI: 1.39-2.37) emerged as risk factors for cerebral infarction. Besides, an increased cerebral infarction risk was observed in the heterozygote comparison (OR = 1.39, 95 % CI: 1.03-1.88) for TXA2R rs2271875 polymorphism. None of the five models showed any association between TXA2R rs4523 polymorphism and cerebral infarction risk. In conclusion, this is the first meta-analysis verifying that TXA2R rs768963 polymorphism and TXA2R rs2271875 polymorphism may be associated with the risk of cerebral infarction.
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Li R, Li Y, Li B, Sun H, Liu X, Ge X, Liu Y, Yang J. Effectiveness comparisons of different Chinese herbal injection therapies for acute cerebral infarction: A protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21584. [PMID: 32769909 PMCID: PMC7592989 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute cerebral infarction (ACI) has a high incidence, recurrence rate, and mortality. Chinese herbal injections (CHIs) are widely used in the substitution therapy of ACI. Due to the lack of randomized trials comparing the efficacy of various injections directly, it is still difficult to judge the relative efficacy. Therefore, we intend to conduct a network meta-analysis to evaluate the benefit among these CHIs. METHODS According to the retrieval strategies, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on CHI therapies for ACI will be obtained from China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang, Chinese Scientific Journals Database, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library, regardless of publication date or language. Studies were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the Cochrane risk bias assessment tool will be used to evaluate the quality of the literature. The network meta-analysis will be performed in Markov Chain Monte Carlo method and carried out with Stata 14 and WinBUGS 1.4.3 software. Ultimately, the evidentiary grade for the results will be evaluated. RESULTS This study will compare the efficacy and safety of CHIs in the treatment of ACI, and give a more reasonable choice. CONCLUSION Our findings will provide references for future clinical decision and guidance developing.INPLASY registration number: INPLASY202060087.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runmin Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan
| | - Ying Li
- Nanchang University, Jiangxi
| | - Bingchen Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Haiyang Sun
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Xinyu Liu
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Xin Ge
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan
| | - Yuanxiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Jiguo Yang
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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Efficacy and Safety of Shengmai Injection for Chronic Heart Failure: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:9571627. [PMID: 32655670 PMCID: PMC7322585 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9571627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Shengmai injection (SMI) is made from purified ginseng, Radix Ophiopogonis, and Schisandra chinensis. It has cardiotonic effects and is clinically used for the adjuvant treatment of chronic heart failure (CHF). However, its efficacy and safety are uncertain. The purpose of this study was to systematically evaluate the existing efficacy and safety evidence in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that studied SMI for the treatment of CHF. Methods PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, clinicaltrials.gov, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and CBM databases were searched up to September 10, 2019. RCTs that compared basic Western medicine treatment with SMI + basic Western medicine were included. The Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool was used to assess the risk of bias in the RCTs. The meta-analysis used the random effects model; the mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were combined using the inverse variance method, and the Mantel–Haenszel method was used to combine the relative risk (RR) and 95% CIs. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2 and Q tests, and the source of heterogeneity was explored by analyzing three preset subgroup hypotheses. Results A total of 20 RCTs were included (n = 1562), with a moderate-to-high risk of bias. The meta-analysis showed that, compared with Western medicine alone, SMI adjuvant therapy significantly improved cardiac function indicators, including left ventricular ejection fraction (MD 6.8%, 95% CI 4.68 to 8.91), stroke volume (MD 9.81 ml, 95% CI 5.67 to 13.96), cardiac output (MD 0.96 L/min, 95% CI 0.66 to 1.25), and cardiac index (MD 0.53 L/min, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.70); heterogeneity was generally high among these outcomes. Compared with the controls, patients receiving SMI adjuvant therapy also had a higher response to treatment (RR 2.89, 95% CI 2.10 to 3.99; I2 = 0%), a greater decrease in brain natriuretic peptide levels (MD −284.66 ng/l, 95% CI −353.73 to −215.59, I2 = 0%), and a greater increase in six‐minute walk test performance (MD 70.67 m, 95% CI 22.92 to 118.42; I2 = 84%). Nine studies reported mild adverse events, such as gastrointestinal reactions, and no serious adverse events were reported. Conclusion Currently, available evidence indicates that SMI, as an adjuvant for basic Western medicine treatment, can improve the cardiac function of patients with CHF with good safety outcomes. Because of the high risk of bias among the included RCTs and the large heterogeneity of partial outcomes, the findings of this study must be verified by high-quality studies with large sample sizes.
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Ran N, Pang Z, Guan X, Wang G, Liu J, Li P, Zheng J, Wang F. Therapeutic Effect and Mechanism Study of Rhodiola wallichiana var. cholaensis Injection to Acute Blood Stasis Using Metabolomics Based on UPLC-Q/TOF-MS. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2019; 2019:1514845. [PMID: 31781258 PMCID: PMC6874959 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1514845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In traditional Chinese medicine theory, blood stasis syndrome (BSS), characterized by blood flow retardation and blood stagnation, is one of the main pathologic mechanisms and clinical syndromes of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Rhodiola wallichiana var. cholaensis injection (RWCI) is made from dry roots and stems of RWC via the processes of decoction, alcohol precipitation, filtration, and dilution. Studies indicated the extracts of RWC could alleviate CVDs; however, the mechanism had not been illustrated. In the present study, the acute blood stasis rat model was established to investigate the pathogenesis of BSS and the therapeutic mechanism of RWCI against BSS. Hemorheological parameters (whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity) and inflammatory factors (TNF-α and IL-6) were used to evaluate the success of the BSS rat model and RWCI efficacy. 14 and 33 differential metabolites were identified from plasma and urine samples using the metabolomics approach based on ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The results of multivariate analysis displayed that there were significant separations among model, control, and treatment groups, but the high-dose RWCI treatment group was closer to the control group. 9 perturbed metabolic pathways were related to BSS's development and RWCI intervention. 5 metabolic pathways (arachidonic acid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, retinol metabolism, and steroid hormone biosynthesis) showed apparent correlations. These differential metabolites and perturbed metabolic pathways might provide a novel view to understand the pathogenesis of BSS and the pharmacological mechanism of RWCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Ran
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zhiqiang Pang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xuewa Guan
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jinping Liu
- Research Center of Natural Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Pingya Li
- Research Center of Natural Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jingtong Zheng
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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Duan X, Zhang D, Wang K, Wu J, Zhang X, Zhang B, Gao X. Comparative study of xuesaitong injection and compound salvia miltiorrhizae injection in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction: a meta-analysis. J Int Med Res 2019; 47:5375-5388. [PMID: 31594441 PMCID: PMC6862920 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519879292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was conducted to systematically evaluate the clinical effectiveness of xuesaitong injection (XST) and compound salvia miltiorrhizae injection (CSM) in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction (ACI). Methods We searched several databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using XST and CSM for the treatment of ACI. Two researchers independently selected the RCTs and extracted information. The quality of included RCTs was evaluated, and then data were analyzed using RevMan5.3 and STATA 12.0 software. Results Twenty-three RCTs that enrolled 2101 participants were included in this study. A meta-analysis showed that XST with routine Western medicine (WM) can achieve a better effect than CSM with WM for the total effective rate ( RR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.18–1.27). In addition, XST combined with WM could improve neurological impairment ( MD = −4.65, 95% CI: −7.85 – −1.44) and hemorheological parameters. XST decreased the whole blood high shear viscosity, whole blood low shear viscosity, plasma viscosity, and plasma fibrinogen. Conclusions For treating ACI, XST combined with WM was more effective than CSM with WM. However, more evidence is needed to support the safety of XST and CSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Duan
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kaihuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiarui Wu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Gao
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Danhong Injection Alleviates Postoperative Intra-abdominal Adhesion in a Rat Model. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4591384. [PMID: 31531183 PMCID: PMC6721271 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4591384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Among all the common complications that occur after abdominal surgery, intestinal adhesion is perhaps the most unpleasant one. However, current methods to treat and prevent intestinal adhesion are limited; thus, exploring new methods to prevent and treat intestinal adhesion is greatly needed. In this study, we demonstrated that Danhong injection (DHI) may be used as a promising method to prevent and treat intra-abdominal adhesion in a rat model. Materials and Methods Forty-eight rats were randomly divided into six groups. Except for the sham-operated group, all rats underwent cecal abrasion to establish an adhesion model. After the operation, the rats in the DHI-treated groups received different doses of DHI via the tail vein daily, while the other group was treated with the same volume of saline solution. Seven days after the operation, all rats were sacrificed, and the degree of adhesion was evaluated by Nair's scoring system. The extent of inflammation in the adhesion tissue was detected by HE staining and the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). The collagen deposition was assessed by Sirius red staining and α-SMA, MMP9, t-PA, and PAI-1 levels. Oxidative stress was indicated by the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in adhesion tissues and by immunohistochemical labeling of Nrf2. Furthermore, rat primary peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs) were treated with H2O2 and DHI, and NF-κB phosphorylation was detected to illustrate the effect of DHI on oxidative stress. Results The intra-abdominal adhesion scores were significantly decreased in the groups treated with a high dose of DHI compared with the control groups, and the degree of inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress was also significantly decreased. DHI treatment significantly reduced the levels of TNF-α, TGF-β1, and PAI and increased the expression levels of MMP9, Nrf2, and t-PA in the adhesion tissues. ROS levels and NF-κB phosphorylation were significantly reduced in DHI-treated RPMCs compared with the control RPMCs. Conclusion DHI alleviates the formation of postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions by inhibiting inflammation, collagen deposition, and oxidative stress in a rat model and may serve as a promising drug to prevent intra-abdominal adhesions.
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Lei JJ, Li HQ, Mo ZH, Liu KJ, Zhu LJ, Li CY, Chen WL, Zhang L. Long noncoding RNA CDKN2B‐AS1 interacts with transcription factor BCL11A to regulate progression of cerebral infarction through mediating MAP4K1 transcription. FASEB J 2019; 33:7037-7048. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802252r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jie Lei
- Department of NeurologyThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhaiChina
| | - Hui-Qing Li
- Department of NeurologyThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhaiChina
| | - Zhi-Huai Mo
- Department of NeurologyThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhaiChina
| | - Ke-Jia Liu
- Department of NeurologyThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhaiChina
| | - Ling-Juan Zhu
- Department of NeurologyThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhaiChina
| | - Chun-Yi Li
- Department of NeurologyThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhaiChina
| | - Wen-Li Chen
- Department of PharmacologyThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhaiChina
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of NeurologyThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhaiChina
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Efficacy of Danshen Class Injection in the Treatment of Acute Cerebral Infarction: A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:5814749. [PMID: 30854011 PMCID: PMC6377994 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5814749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Introduction As a common chronic disease with high morbidity and recurrent rate, acute cerebral infarction (ACI) affects the life quality of patients and gives them heavy psychological burden. And Danshen class injections (DSCIs) are commonly adopted in treating ACI. So, this network meta-analysis (NMA) was designed to assess the clinical efficacy of eight kinds of DSCIs. Methods A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, the China Biomedical Literature Service System, the Chinese Scientific Journals Full-text Database, and Wanfang database from their inception to 16th Dec. 2017 aiming to collect related randomized controlled trials (RCTs). And then data were analyzed through Stata and WinBUGS software based on the Bayesian statistical model. The results were reported as odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% credible intervals (CIs). The consistency test between direct and indirect comparisons was also evaluated and inconsistency factor was presented to manifest the heterogeneity among them. Meanwhile, the surface under the cumulative ranking probabilities (SUCRA) was utilized to rank the treatments in different outcomes. Results Finally, 157 RCTs with 15570 patients were included. A total of eight types DSCIs were identified. Based on the results, Sodium Tanshinone IIA Sulfonate injection (STS) plus western medicine (WM) had better effect on the clinical effectiveness rate, neurological impairment, and activities of daily living function than others. Meanwhile, Danhong injection (DS) and Danshen Salvianolic Acids injection (DSSA) had excellent performance in perfecting hemorheological indexes. Conclusions In conclusion, STS plus WM may be the optimum treatment for ACI. The following therapies were DS plus WM and DSSA plus WM. Nevertheless, in terms of the limitations of the study, more large samples, multicenter, and double-blind RCTs are still needed for validating our findings.
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Liu S, Zhang D, Wu J, Wang K, Zhao Y, Ni M, Meng Z, Zhang X. Shenqi Fuzheng Injection in the Treatment of Breast Cancer: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Integr Cancer Ther 2019; 18:1534735418816824. [PMID: 30511589 PMCID: PMC6432680 DOI: 10.1177/1534735418816824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This meta-analysis synthesized the available evidence on the effectiveness and safety of Shenqi Fuzheng injection (SQFZI) combined with chemotherapy for breast cancer. METHOD A comprehensive systematic literature search was conducted to identify the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on breast cancer treated by SQFZI in several electronic database up to October 29, 2017. The included RCTs were assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool; data were extracted and analyzed via RevMan 5.3 and Stata 13.0 software. RESULTS A total of 31 eligible RCTs comprising 2543 participants were selected in this present meta-analysis. The results demonstrated that compared with receiving conventional chemotherapy alone, SQFZI treatment combined with chemotherapy was more efficient in improving clinical total effective rate (relative risk [RR] = 1.31, 95% CI 1.19-1.44, P < .00001) and performance status (RR = 2.23, 95% CI 1.88-2.65, P < .00001). Additionally, SQFZI combined with chemotherapy was capable of enhancing immune function and alleviating adverse drug reactions for patients with breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS The current evidence suggested that using SQFZI as an adjunct treatment to chemotherapy may be preferable for patients with breast cancer compared to chemotherapy alone. Because of the limitations of the quantities and qualities of included RCTs, more well-designed RCTs are needed to further support our conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiarui Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kaihuan Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mengwei Ni
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ziqi Meng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Feng X, Li Y, Wang Y, Li L, Little PJ, Xu SW, Liu S. Danhong injection in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases: Pharmacological actions, molecular mechanisms, and therapeutic potential. Pharmacol Res 2018; 139:62-75. [PMID: 30408571 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality worldwide, currently with less than optimum therapeutic options. Danhong injection (DHI) is a medicinal preparation based on two eminent Chinese herbal medicines, Salviae Miltiorrhizae (Dan Shen; family: Lamiaceae) and Flos Carthami (Hong Hua; family: Compositae/Asteraceae). DHI has been mainly used in the clinical therapy of cardiovascular (such as acute coronary syndrome and angina pectoris) and cerebrovascular diseases (such as stroke) in China for many years. The pharmacological properties of DHI include anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-coagulatory, hypolipidemic, anti-apoptotic, vasodilatory, and angiogenesis-promoting actions. DHI offers a safe and effective therapeutic agent against cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases by modulating multiple disease-relevant signaling pathways and molecular targets. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review of the phytochemistry, therapeutic effects, molecular mechanisms, and adverse reactions of DHI in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. We also highlight the latest pharmacological advances and therapeutic potential of this promising herb-derived cardiovascular drug preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Feng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Yi Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Lingli Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Peter J Little
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Wooloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua College of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Suo-Wen Xu
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester, NY, 14623, USA.
| | - Sheng Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.
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NanZhu Y, AiChun J, Xin L, XiangHua Y. Salvianolate injection in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction: A systematic review and a meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12374. [PMID: 30461601 PMCID: PMC6392509 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Salvianolate injection (SI) in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction (ACI).We electronically searched databases including PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and WanFang Data to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focused on SI treating ACI up to August 2017. Two reviewers independently screened literatures, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.A total of 39 RCTs involving 4516 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that compared with the Western medicine (WM) therapies group [experimental group (EG)], the total effective rate of SI + WM [control group (CG)] was higher (relative risk = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.24-1.35, P < .00001) in 21 RCTs; SI could improve movement function evaluation scores, including National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, Barthel Index, activities of daily living (P < .00001). There was no significant difference in modified Rankin Scale scores between the 2 groups (P = .008) EG was better than CG in improving Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores (P = .001) and Mini-Mental State Examination scores (P < .00001). SI could improved not only the hemorheology indexes, including plasma viscosity, whole blood high-shear viscosity, whole blood low-shear viscosity, fibrinogen (P < .00001), but also high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and C-reactive protein. EG could achieve a better effect on improving the neural deficit scores (P < .00001). There was no significant difference about adverse drug reactions/adverse drug events between the EG and CG (P = .73).Salvianolate can promote recovery of the motor and cognitive function of patients with ACI. However, due to the limited quality and quantity of included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang NanZhu
- Department of Neurology, TianJin First Hospital
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University
| | | | - Li Xin
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Yu L, Zhou C, Luo Z, Zeng W, Lai F, Han G, Song Y. The lipid-lowering effects of Danhong and Huangqi injections: a meta-analysis of clinical controlled trials. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:106. [PMID: 29747663 PMCID: PMC5944065 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0760-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dyslipidaemia is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). Danhong and Huangqi injections, two traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions, have been widely studied regarding their lipid-lowering properties. However, the results were inconsistent and inconclusive. Thus, we conducted this meta-analysis of clinical controlled trials to clarify the lipid-lowering effects of Danhong and Huangqi injections. Methods The databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Wanfang Database, CNKI and VIP were searched. The following information was obtained from each study: first author, age, gender, ethnicity, health condition, treatment dose, treatment duration, sample size, mean and standard deviation or standard error of lipid variables before and after treatment. The changes in lipid levels from pre- to post-treatment were calculated and compared between the control groups and the treatment groups in this meta-analysis. Results Forty-four studies (5021 subjects) and 7 studies (542 subjects) were respectively identified for Danhong and Huangqi injections. Compared with the control groups, Danhong injection yielded a significant reduction in triglycerides (TG) [standardized mean difference (SMD) = − 0.76, 95% confidence interval (CI) = (− 0.91, − 0.61), P < 0.001], total cholesterol (TC) [SMD = − 1.29, 95% CI = (− 1.56, − 1.03), P < 0.001] and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) [SMD = − 0.76, 95% CI = (− 0.93, − 0.59), P < 0.001], and a significant elevation in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) [SMD = 0.70, 95% CI = (0.41, 0.98), P < 0.001]. Regarding Huangqi injection, it yielded a significant reduction in TC [SMD = − 1.13, 95% CI = (− 2.09, − 0.16), P = 0.02] and marginally in TG [SMD = − 1.27, 95% CI = (− 2.53, 0.00), P = 0.05] comparing with the control groups. Conclusions Danhong injection can effectively decrease the plasma levels of TG, TC and LDL-C, and increase HDL-C levels. Huangqi injection also has significant effects on TG and TC reduction, but not as powerful as Danhong injection. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12944-018-0760-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuqin Yu
- Institute of Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyang Zhou
- Institute of Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Feiya Lai
- School of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Gangjie Han
- School of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongyan Song
- School of Preclinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, and Nanchong Industry Technology Institute of BioMedicine, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China.
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Treatment of Urolithiasis with Medicinal Plant Salvia miltiorrhiza: A Nationwide Cohort Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:8403648. [PMID: 29849729 PMCID: PMC5924994 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8403648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen), a common medicinal plant in traditional Chinese medicine, has been tested effectively to prevent urolithiasis in animals; nevertheless, the clinical application for urolithiasis remains unclear. We thus investigated the clinical effect of Danshen by analyzing the database from the Taiwan National Institute of Health. The cohort "Danshen-users" was prescribed Chinese herb medicine Danshen after the initial diagnosis of calculus. The control group (non-Danshen-users) was not given Danshen after the initial diagnosis of calculus. The date of first using Danshen after new diagnosis date of calculus was considered as index date. The outcome variables were categorized into two categories: the first category included calculus surgical treatment, including extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, ureteroscopy, percutaneous nephrostomy with fragmentation, and ureterolithotomy; the second category included any bleeding disorders, including gastrointestinal bleeding, intracranial hemorrhage, and blood transfusions. The incidence of calculus surgical treatment in the Danshen-users was less than that in the non-Danshen-users: 1.071% in 1,000 person-years (200 people followed up for 5 years) and 3.142% in 1,000 person-years, respectively. The adjusted hazard ratio for calculus surgical treatment in the Danshen-users was 0.34 (95% confidence intervals: 0.31-0.38) as compared to the non-Danshen-users. When stratified by sex, the incidence of calculus surgical treatment in Danshen-users was 0.685% in 1,000 person-years and 1.575% in 1,000 person-years for women and men, respectively, which was lower than that in non-Danshen-users. Danshen decreased the ratio of subsequent stone treatment after the first treatment in the study population; there was no increased bleeding risk due to long-term Danshen use.
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Liu S, Wu JR, Zhang D, Wang KH, Zhang B, Zhang XM, Tan D, Duan XJ, Cui YY, Liu XK. Comparative efficacy of Chinese herbal injections for treating acute cerebral infarction: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 18:120. [PMID: 29615027 PMCID: PMC5883592 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2178-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Chinese herbal injections (CHIs) are prepared by extracting and purifying effective substances from herbs (or decoction pieces) using modern scientific techniques and methods. CHIs combined with aspirin + anticoagulants + dehydrant + neuroprotectant (AADN) are believed to be effective for the treatment of acute cerebral infarction (ACI). However, no randomized controlled trial (RCT) has been performed to directly compare the efficacies of different regimens of CHIs. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) to compare the efficacies of different regimens of CHIs for ACI. Methods We conducted an overall and systematic retrieval from literature databases of RCTs focused on the use of CHIs to treat ACI up to June 2016. We used the Cochrane Handbook version 5.1.0 and CONSORT statement to assess the risk of bias. The data were analyzed using STATA 13.0 and WinBUGS 1.4.3 software. Results Overall, 64 studies with 6225 participants involving 15 CHIs were included in the NMA. In terms of the markedly effective rate, Danhong (DH) + AADN had the highest likelihood of being the best treatment. In terms of the improvement of neurological impairment, Shuxuening (SXN) + AADN had the highest likelihood of being the best treatment. Considering two outcomes, injections of SXN, Yinxingdamo (YXDM), DH, Shuxuetong (SXT), HongHuaHuangSeSu (HHHSS), DengZhanXiXin (DZXX) and Shenxiong glucose (SX) plus AADN were the optimum treatment regimens for ACI, especially SXN + AADN and YXDM + AADN. Conclusions Based on the NMA, SXN, YXDM, DH, SXT, HHHSS, DZXX and SX plus AADN showed the highest probability of being the best treatment regimens. Due to the limitations of the present study, our findings should be verified by well-designed RCTs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-018-2178-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Wang Y, Zhang H, Wang Z, Liu H, Tian X, Yu J, Chen C. Therapeutic effect of nerve growth factor on canine cerebral infarction evaluated by MRI. Oncotarget 2018; 9:3741-3751. [PMID: 29423079 PMCID: PMC5790496 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore therapeutic effect of nerve growth factor (NGF) on cerebral infarction by establishing canine middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) infarct model. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology was used to study effects of NGF on cerebral infarction, and the results of MRI indexes (such as diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI)) were compared with the results of pathology, cell biology and molecular biology. The clinical manifestations of the canine infarction model treated by NGF were significantly improved within 7 days compared with control group. The therapeutic evaluation of NGF effect could be determine by canine cerebral infarction treated by NGF within 6 hours according to DWI and PWI. From 6 hours to 7 days, therapeutic evaluation of NGF could be determine by T1WI, T2WI and FLAIR. DWI and PWI could find the change of cerebral ischemia at the early stage, provide advantages for qualitative diagnosis of early-stage cerebral infarction and observation of efficacy in early treatment, initially showing that their great potential for NGF role on cerebral ischemia and mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050000, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050051, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Computer Science, Clinical College of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China
| | - Huaijun Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050000, China
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050000, China
| | - Jian Yu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050000, China
| | - Chaoxu Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050000, China
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