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Muñoz-Jurado A, Escribano BM. Presence of melatonin in foods of daily consumption: The benefit of this hormone for health. Food Chem 2024; 458:140172. [PMID: 38943958 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Melatonin (MLT) is a hormone that exists in all living organisms, including bacteria, yeast, fungi, animals, and plants, many of which are ingested daily in the diet. However, the exact concentrations of melatonin in each of the foods and the effect on health of the intake of foods rich in MLT are not known. Therefore, the aim of this review was to gather the available information on the melatonin content of different foods and to evaluate the effect that this hormone has on different pathologies. The amount of MLT may vary depending on the variety, origin, heat treatment, processing, and analysis technique, among other factors. Dietary interventions with foods rich in MLT report health benefits, but there is no evidence that hormone is partially responsible for the clinical improvement. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the MLT content in more foods, as well as the effect that cooking/processing has on the amount of MLT, to estimate its total intake in a typical diet and better explore its potential impact on the health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Muñoz-Jurado
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, Spain.; Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba, (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain..
| | - Begoña M Escribano
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, Spain.; Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba, (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain..
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2
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El-Ali Z, Hebert JR, Wirth MD, Mitri R. Association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and Sleep Quality among Lebanese University Students. Sleep Sci 2024; 17:e235-e243. [PMID: 39268335 PMCID: PMC11390170 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1780501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The association between sleep quality and overall health has been extensively examined. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between sleep and the inflammatory potential of the diet. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to explore the association between the scores on the Energy-Adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII) and sleep quality in Lebanese university students. Materials and Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study with students attending the Tripoli campus of Beirut Arab University. A total of 270 students aged between 17 and 25 years were randomly selected. All students filled out a multicomponent questionnaire that included an assessment of their sleep quality using the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, and of their physical activity level using the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The scores on the E-DII were calculated based on a validated food frequency questionnaire. Results Individuals in the highest (most proinflammatory) quartile of the E-DII were at an increased risk of having poor overall sleep quality compared with the lowest quartile (odds ratio [OR] = 2.86; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.27-6.44). Regarding the individual domains of sleep quality, subjects in quartiles 3 and 4 of the E-DII were at an increased risk of having poor sleep efficiency compared with those in quartile 1 (OR = 2.49; 95%CI: 1.12-5.54; and OR = 2.52, 95%CI: 1.13-5.62 respectively). However, individuals in quartile 3 were at a reduced risk of having daytime dysfunction compared with those in the lowest quartile (OR = 0.44; 95%CI: 0.23-0.83). Conclusion The inflammatory potential of the diet seems to be related to sleep quality in our sample of Lebanese university students. Future prospective studies are required to further explore this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeina El-Ali
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - James R Hebert
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
- The Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Michael D Wirth
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
- The Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC (CHI), Columbia, SC, United States
- Department of Biobehavioral Health and Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Rosy Mitri
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Tripoli, Lebanon
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Yeom JW, Cho CH. Herbal and Natural Supplements for Improving Sleep: A Literature Review. Psychiatry Investig 2024; 21:810-821. [PMID: 39086164 PMCID: PMC11321869 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2024.0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Herbal and natural supplements have gained popularity as alternative treatments to insomnia and sleep disorders due to their perceived safety and potential effectiveness. This literature review summarizes the current evidence on the efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action of commonly used supplements for sleep, including valerian, hops, kava, German chamomile, cherry, tryptophan, theanine, melatonin, magnesium, and zinc. METHODS We conducted literature review of clinical research on herbal and supplements for sleep reported to date. We summarized key findings and reviewed outcomes related to clinical efficacy and side effects. RESULTS Findings suggest that certain supplements, particularly valerian, hops, and melatonin, could be effective in improving sleep quality and reducing insomnia symptoms through modulation of neurotransmitter systems and regulation of sleep-wake cycles. However, the strength of the evidence varies with unestablished optimal dosages, formulations, and treatment durations. Although generally considered safe, these supplements are not without risks, such as rare but serious adverse effects associated with kava and potential interactions with prescription medications. The quality and purity of supplements also vary widely due to a lack of strict regulations. CONCLUSION Healthcare providers should remain informed about the latest research and work closely with patients to develop personalized treatment plans. Herbal and natural supplements may offer promising alternatives or adjunct treatments for insomnia and sleep disorders, but their use should be guided by the best available evidence and individual patient requirements. Larger, well-designed clinical trials are needed to establish the efficacy and safety of these supplements for clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Won Yeom
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Hyun Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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McPhillips MV, Petrovsky DV, Lorenz R, Lee J, George T, Smyth A, Bubu OM, Brewster GS. Treatment Modalities for Insomnia in Adults Aged 55 and Older: A Systematic Review of Literature from 2018 to 2023. CURRENT SLEEP MEDICINE REPORTS 2024; 10:232-256. [PMID: 39156226 PMCID: PMC11328977 DOI: 10.1007/s40675-024-00285-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder experienced by older adults. There is a wide range of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment options in existing literature. The purpose of this systematic review was to synthesize randomized controlled trials of insomnia treatment modalities for adults aged 55 and older over the last 5 years. We searched four databases, and after screening, there were 34 full-text manuscripts that met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Recent Findings We found non-pharmacological interventions, including exercise and behavioral/psychoeducational therapies, remain effective and favorable. Complementary and alternative therapies ranged across studies and warrant further testing in larger, more diverse samples. Dual orexin receptor antagonist medications were tested in a few studies with positive benefits for sleep and minimal side effects. Finally, measures of insomnia/sleep disturbance outcomes varied among the studies, with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index being used most frequently. Summary Non-pharmacological interventions for insomnia in older adults are effective, and some newer medications may be safer, with less side effects, at managing insomnia in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Darina V. Petrovsky
- Health Care Policy, and Aging Research, School of Nursing, Institute for Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, USA
| | | | - Jiwon Lee
- Byrdine F. Lewis College of Nursing and Health Professions, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Tessy George
- Georgia Baptist College of Nursing, Mercer University, Macon, USA
| | - Aisling Smyth
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, USA
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Omonigho Michael Bubu
- Departments of Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Population Health & Neurology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Glenna S. Brewster
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road, Room 256, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Borisenkov MF, Popov SV, Smirnov VV, Martinson EA, Solovieva SV, Danilova LA, Gubin DG. The Association between Melatonin-Containing Foods Consumption and Students' Sleep-Wake Rhythm, Psychoemotional, and Anthropometric Characteristics: A Semi-Quantitative Analysis and Hypothetical Application. Nutrients 2023; 15:3302. [PMID: 37571240 PMCID: PMC10420797 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Food is an important source of melatonin (MT), which belongs to a group known as chronobiotics, a class of substances that affect the circadian system. Currently, no studies have been conducted on how the consumption of foods containing MT (FMT) is associated with indicators characterizing the human circadian system. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that FMT consumption is associated with chronotype and social jetlag. A total of 1277 schoolchildren and university students aged M (SD) 19.9 (4.1) years (range: 16-25 years; girls: 72.8%) participated in a cross-sectional study. Each participant completed an online questionnaire with their personal data (sex, age, height, weight, waist circumference, and academic performance) and a sequence of tests to assess their sleep-wake rhythm (the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire), sleep quality (the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), and depression level (the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale). Study participants also completed a modified food frequency questionnaire that only included foods containing MT (FMT). They were asked how many foods containing MT (FMT) they had eaten for dinner, constituting their daily serving, in the past month. The consumption of foods containing MT (FMT) during the day (FMTday) and at dinner (FMTdinner) was assessed using this test. Multiple regression analyses were performed to assess the association between the studied indicators. We found that higher FMTday values were associated with early chronotype (β = -0.09) and less social jetlag (β = -0.07), better sleep quality (β = -0.06) and lower levels of depression (β = -0.11), as well as central adiposity (β = -0.08). Higher FMTdinner values were associated with a lower risk of central adiposity (β = -0.08). In conclusion, the data obtained confirm the hypothesis that the consumption of foods containing MT (FMT) is associated with chronotype and social jetlag in adolescents and young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail F. Borisenkov
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Biotechnology, Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar 167982, Russia; (S.V.P.); (V.V.S.)
| | - Sergey V. Popov
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Biotechnology, Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar 167982, Russia; (S.V.P.); (V.V.S.)
| | - Vasily V. Smirnov
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Biotechnology, Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar 167982, Russia; (S.V.P.); (V.V.S.)
| | | | - Svetlana V. Solovieva
- Department of Biology, Tyumen Medical University, Tyumen 625023, Russia; (S.V.S.); (L.A.D.)
| | - Lina A. Danilova
- Department of Biology, Tyumen Medical University, Tyumen 625023, Russia; (S.V.S.); (L.A.D.)
| | - Denis G. Gubin
- Department of Biology, Tyumen Medical University, Tyumen 625023, Russia; (S.V.S.); (L.A.D.)
- Laboratory for Chronobiology and Chronomedicine, Research Institute of Biomedicine and Biomedical Technologies, Tyumen Medical University, Tyumen 625023, Russia
- Tyumen Cardiology Research Centre, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Science, Tyumen 119991, Russia
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Lashgari NA, Roudsari NM, Shayan M, Niazi Shahraki F, Hosseini Y, Momtaz S, Abdolghaffari AH. IDO/Kynurenine; novel insight for treatment of inflammatory diseases. Cytokine 2023; 166:156206. [PMID: 37120946 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress play pivotal roles in pathogenesis of many diseases including cancer, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, neurological diseases, and inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Inflammatory mediators such as interleukins (ILs), interferons (INF-s), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α are related to an extended chance of inflammatory diseases initiation or progression due to the over expression of the nuclear factor Kappa B (NF-κB), signal transducer of activators of transcription (STAT), nod-like receptor family protein 3 (NLRP), toll-like receptors (TLR), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways. These pathways are completely interconnected. Theindoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) subset of the kynurenine (KYN) (IDO/KYN), is a metabolic inflammatory pathway involved in production of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ). It has been shown that IDO/KYN actively participates in inflammatory processes and can increase the secretion of cytokines that provoke inflammatory diseases. Data were extracted from clinical and animal studies published in English between 1990-April 2022, which were collected from PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Cochrane library. IDO/KYN is completely associated with inflammatory-related pathways, thus leading to the production of cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, and ultimately development and progression of various inflammatory disorders. Inhibition of the IDO/KYN pathway might be a novel therapeutic option for inflammatory diseases. Herein, we gathered data on probable interactions of the IDO/KYN pathway with induction of some inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser-Aldin Lashgari
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Momeni Roudsari
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Shayan
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Niazi Shahraki
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasamin Hosseini
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran; Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
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Ishihara A, Courville AB, Chen KY. The Complex Effects of Light on Metabolism in Humans. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061391. [PMID: 36986120 PMCID: PMC10056135 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Light is an essential part of many life forms. The natural light–dark cycle has been the dominant stimulus for circadian rhythms throughout human evolution. Artificial light has restructured human activity and provided opportunities to extend the day without reliance on natural day–night cycles. The increase in light exposure at unwanted times or a reduced dynamic range of light between the daytime and nighttime has introduced negative consequences for human health. Light exposure is closely linked to sleep–wake regulation, activity and eating patterns, body temperature, and energy metabolism. Disruptions to these areas due to light are linked to metabolic abnormalities such as an increased risk of obesity and diabetes. Research has revealed that various properties of light influence metabolism. This review will highlight the complex role of light in human physiology, with a specific emphasis on metabolic regulation from the perspective of four main properties of light (intensity, duration, timing of exposure, and wavelength). We also discuss the potential influence of the key circadian hormone melatonin on sleep and metabolic physiology. We explore the relationship between light and metabolism through circadian physiology in various populations to understand the optimal use of light to mitigate short and long-term health consequences.
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Wang W, Liu T, Ding Y, Zhang Y. Effects of polyphenol-rich interventions on sleep disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 6:100462. [PMID: 36866197 PMCID: PMC9972497 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiology studies have indicated that polyphenol consumption was more likely to have higher sleep quality, but some results remain controversial. A general overview of polyphenol-rich interventions on sleep disorders still lacks in the existing literature. Eligible randomized controlled trials (RCT's) literature retrieval was performed in six databases. Sleep efficiency, sleep onset latency, total sleep time, and PSQI were included as objective measures to compare the effects of placebo and polyphenols in patients with sleep disorders. Subgroup-analyses were performed based on treatment duration, geographic location, study design, and sample size. The mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were adopted for four continuous variable data of outcomes in pooled analysis. This study is registered on PROSPERO, number CRD42021271775. In total, 10 studies of 334 individuals were included. Pooled data demonstrated that administration of polyphenols decreases sleep onset latency (MD, -4.38 min; 95% CI, -6.66 to -2.11; P = 0.0002) and increases total sleep time (MD, 13.14 min; 95% CI, 7.54 to 18.74; P<0.00001), whereas they have no effect on sleep efficiency (MD, 1.04; 95% CI, -0.32 to 2.41; P = 0.13) and PSQI (MD, -2.17; 95% CI, -5.62 to 1.29; P = 0.22). Subgroup analyses further indicated that treatment duration, study design, and number of participants appeared to be responsible for the largest proportion of accountable heterogeneity. Polyphenols' potential importance is highlighted by these findings in treating sleep disorders. The development of large-scale, randomized, controlled trials is recommended to providing further evidence for therapeutic use of polyphenols in a variety of sleep difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China,Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Tianlong Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China,Corresponding author.
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Langan-Evans C, Hearris MA, Gallagher C, Long S, Thomas C, Moss AD, Cheung W, Howatson G, Morton JP. Nutritional Modulation of Sleep Latency, Duration, and Efficiency: A Randomized, Repeated-Measures, Double-Blind Deception Study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:289-300. [PMID: 36094342 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to test the hypothesis that a novel nutritional blend composed of tryptophan, glycine, magnesium, tart cherry powder, and l -theanine enhances subjective and objective measures of sleep during free living conditions. METHODS In a randomized, repeated-measures crossover and double-blind deception design, participants ( n = 9 males and 7 females, age = 24 ± 3 yr, body mass = 69.8 ± 11.6 kg, stature = 170.8 ± 9.1 cm) completed a 3-d familiarization period, followed by 3-d intervention and placebo trials. Subjective Pittsburgh Quality Sleep Index, Core Consensus Sleep Diary, and Karolinska Sleepiness Scale survey tools, alongside objective actigraphy measures of sleep, were assessed, with daily nutritional intake, activity, and light exposure standardized between trials. Participants provided daily urine samples for assessment of targeted and untargeted metabolomes. RESULTS The intervention trial reduced sleep onset latency (-24 ± 25 min; P = 0.002), increased total sleep time (22 ± 32 min; P = 0.01), and increased sleep efficiency (2.4% ± 3.9%; P = 0.03), while also reducing morning sleepiness ( P = 0.02). Throughout the study, 75% of participants remained blinded to sleep assessment as a primary outcome measure, with 56% subjectively indicating improved sleep during the intervention trial. Metabolomic analysis highlighted several significantly altered metabolomes related to sleep regulation between trials, inclusive of 6-sulfatoxymelatonin, d -serine, and l -glutamic acid. CONCLUSIONS Data demonstrate that using the proposed blend of novel nutritional ingredients during free living conditions reduced sleep onset latency, increased total sleep duration, and increased sleep efficiency, leading to reduced perceptions of morning sleepiness. These effects may be mediated by the upregulation of key metabolites involved in the neurophysiological modulation of the sleep/wake cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Langan-Evans
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Mark A Hearris
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Chloe Gallagher
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Stephen Long
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Craig Thomas
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences (SSEHS) Loughborough University, Loughborough, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Andrew D Moss
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - William Cheung
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation and Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UNITED KINGDOM
| | | | - James P Morton
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UNITED KINGDOM
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Boike S, Kashyap R, Khan SA, Surani S. Nutritional Elements in Sleep. Cureus 2022; 14:e32803. [PMID: 36694494 PMCID: PMC9859770 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep comprises one-third of our day and plays an integral role in human health and well-being. Many factors influence sleep, with nutrition being a key element that impacts various sleep parameters. Meal-timing through strategies like chrono-nutrition leads to positive sleep outcomes. In addition, consuming a high-protein diet with essential amino acids, low-glycemic-index foods, and certain fruits rich in antioxidants can all contribute to better sleep quality. Other facets of nutrition that can affect sleep outcomes include weight loss and limiting certain nutritional elements such as caffeine, nicotine, and alcohol. In this article, we will shed some light on how some of these factors can play a vital role in sleep quality.
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Wang D, Wang T, Zhang Z, Li Z, Guo Y, Zhao G, Wu L. Recent advances in the effects of dietary polyphenols on inflammation in vivo: potential molecular mechanisms, receptor targets, safety issues, and uses of nanodelivery system and polyphenol polymers. Curr Opin Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2022.100921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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Rogando AC, Weber KM, Xing J, Xue X, Yohannes T, Morack R, Qi Q, Clish C, Bullock K, Gustafson D, Anastos K, Sharma A, Burgess HJ, French AL. The IDOze Study: The Link Between Sleep Disruption and Tryptophan-Kynurenine Pathway Activation in Women With Human Immunodeficiency Virus. J Infect Dis 2022; 226:1451-1460. [PMID: 35801535 PMCID: PMC9989737 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor sleep is associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), particularly among women with HIV (WWH), although mechanisms are unclear. We explored cross-sectional associations between sleep disruption and tryptophan-kynurenine (T/K) pathway activation, measured by the kynurenine-to-tryptophan ratio (K:T). METHODS HIV-uninfected women (HIV-) and WWH aged 35-70 years and on stable antiretroviral therapy were included. Sleep metrics were measured using wrist actigraphy. Plasma T/K pathway metabolites were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Multivariate linear regression models examined relationships between K:T and actigraphy-based sleep metrics by HIV status. RESULTS WWH (n = 153) and HIV- women (n = 151) were demographically similar. Among WWH, median CD4 was 751 cells/µL; 92% had undetectable HIV RNA. Compared to HIV- women, WWH had higher K:T (P < .001) and kynurenine (P = .01) levels but similar tryptophan levels (P = .25). Higher K:T was associated with more wake bouts (P = .001), more time awake after sleep onset (P = .01), and lower sleep efficiency (P = .03) in WWH only. CONCLUSIONS HIV infection was associated with T/K pathway activation; this activation was associated with poorer sleep efficiency and more fragmented sleep. While longitudinal studies are needed to elucidate the directionality of these associations, these findings may help identify treatments to reduce sleep disruption in WWH by targeting residual inflammation and T/K pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C Rogando
- College of Science and Health at Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Hektoen Institute of Medicine/CORE Center of Cook County Health, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kathleen M Weber
- Hektoen Institute of Medicine/CORE Center of Cook County Health, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jiaqian Xing
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Xiaonan Xue
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Tsion Yohannes
- Hektoen Institute of Medicine/CORE Center of Cook County Health, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ralph Morack
- Hektoen Institute of Medicine/CORE Center of Cook County Health, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Clary Clish
- Metabolomics Platform, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kevin Bullock
- Metabolomics Platform, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Deborah Gustafson
- Department of Neurology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Kathryn Anastos
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Anjali Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Helen J Burgess
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Audrey L French
- Department of Medicine, Stroger Hospital of Cook County Health, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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13
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Minich DM, Henning M, Darley C, Fahoum M, Schuler CB, Frame J. Is Melatonin the "Next Vitamin D"?: A Review of Emerging Science, Clinical Uses, Safety, and Dietary Supplements. Nutrients 2022; 14:3934. [PMID: 36235587 PMCID: PMC9571539 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin has become a popular dietary supplement, most known as a chronobiotic, and for establishing healthy sleep. Research over the last decade into cancer, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, fertility, PCOS, and many other conditions, combined with the COVID-19 pandemic, has led to greater awareness of melatonin because of its ability to act as a potent antioxidant, immune-active agent, and mitochondrial regulator. There are distinct similarities between melatonin and vitamin D in the depth and breadth of their impact on health. Both act as hormones, affect multiple systems through their immune-modulating, anti-inflammatory functions, are found in the skin, and are responsive to sunlight and darkness. In fact, there may be similarities between the widespread concern about vitamin D deficiency as a "sunlight deficiency" and reduced melatonin secretion as a result of "darkness deficiency" from overexposure to artificial blue light. The trend toward greater use of melatonin supplements has resulted in concern about its safety, especially higher doses, long-term use, and application in certain populations (e.g., children). This review aims to evaluate the recent data on melatonin's mechanisms, its clinical uses beyond sleep, safety concerns, and a thorough summary of therapeutic considerations concerning dietary supplementation, including the different formats available (animal, synthetic, and phytomelatonin), dosing, timing, contraindications, and nutrient combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deanna M. Minich
- Department of Human Nutrition and Functional Medicine, University of Western States, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Melanie Henning
- Department of Sports and Performance Psychology, University of the Rockies, Denver, CO 80202, USA
| | - Catherine Darley
- College of Naturopathic Medicine, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Mona Fahoum
- School of Naturopathic Medicine, Bastyr University, Kenmore, WA 98028, USA
| | - Corey B. Schuler
- School of Nutrition, Sonoran University of Health Sciences, Tempe, AZ 85282, USA
- Department of Online Education, Northeast College of Health Sciences, Seneca Falls, NY 13148, USA
| | - James Frame
- Natural Health International Pty., Ltd., Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
- Symphony Natural Health, Inc., West Valley City, UT 84119, USA
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Benton D, Bloxham A, Gaylor C, Brennan A, Young HA. Carbohydrate and sleep: An evaluation of putative mechanisms. Front Nutr 2022; 9:933898. [PMID: 36211524 PMCID: PMC9532617 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.933898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep problems are extremely common in industrialized countries and the possibility that diet might be used to improve sleep has been considered. The topic has been reviewed many times, resulting in the frequent suggestion that carbohydrate increases the uptake of tryptophan by the brain, where it is metabolized into serotonin and melatonin, with the suggestion that this improves sleep. An alternative mechanism was proposed based on animal literature that has been largely ignored by those considering diet and sleep. The hypothesis was that, as in the hypothalamus there are glucose-sensing neurons associated with the sleep-wake cycle, we should consider the impact of carbohydrate-induced changes in the level of blood glucose. A meta-analysis found that after consuming a lower amount of carbohydrate, more time was spent in slow-wave sleep (SWS) and less in rapid-eye-movement sleep. As the credibility of alternative mechanisms has tended not to have been critically evaluated, they were considered by examining their biochemical, nutritional, and pharmacological plausibility. Although high carbohydrate consumption can increase the uptake of tryptophan by the brain, it only occurs with such low levels of protein that the mechanism is not relevant to a normal diet. After entering the brain tryptophan is converted to serotonin, a neurotransmitter known to influence so many different aspects of sleep and wakefulness, that it is not reasonable to expect a uniform improvement in sleep. Some serotonin is converted to melatonin, although the exogenous dose of melatonin needed to influence sleep cannot be credibly provided by the diet. This review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42020223560).
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15
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Hillman AR, Trickett O, Brodsky C, Chrismas B. Montmorency tart cherry supplementation does not impact sleep, body composition, cellular health, or blood pressure in healthy adults. Nutr Health 2022:2601060221111230. [PMID: 35790450 DOI: 10.1177/02601060221111230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Sleep disturbances are linked with cardiovascular and metabolic disease as well as poor body composition. Aim: To investigate the use of tart cherry supplements, which are high in antioxidants and may contain melatonin, on parameters of health such as sleep, body composition, cellular health, and blood pressure (BP). Methods: Forty-four participants had completed sleep record data and were included in this analysis. Participants consumed either two 240 ml bottles per day of Montmorency tart cherry (MTC) juice or placebo or two capsules per day of powdered MTC or placebo for 30 days. Participants tracked their sleep daily via questionnaire and completed body composition and BP assessments at baseline, 14 days, and 30 days after supplementation. Results: There were no significant differences in sleep time or quality between groups, though both increased over 30 days. The capsule groups had significantly lower body mass (BM) 14 days versus baseline for placebo group (p = 0.01, mean difference: 0.70 kg) and at 30 days versus 14 days in MTC group (p = 0.02, mean difference: 0.75 kg). No other differences in body composition or cellular health were found. BP was unaffected by MTC supplementation over 30 days. Despite the potential benefits of antioxidants and melatonin, we did not find improvements in sleep time or quality, cellular health or BP in participants consuming MTC for 30 days, though BM decreased in capsule groups. Conclusion: These results conflict with previous data on MTC and sleep and BP, therefore further investigation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela R Hillman
- School of Applied Health Science and Wellness, Division of Exercise Physiology, 1354Ohio University, Athens, OH USA
| | - Olivia Trickett
- School of Applied Health Science and Wellness, Division of Exercise Physiology, 1354Ohio University, Athens, OH USA
| | - Christopher Brodsky
- School of Applied Health Science and Wellness, Division of Exercise Physiology, 1354Ohio University, Athens, OH USA
| | - Bryna Chrismas
- College of Education, Department of Physical Education, 213495Qatar University, Qatar
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16
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Sinclair J, Stainton P, Dillon S, Taylor PJ, Richardson C, Bottoms L, Hobbs SJ, Shadwell G, Liles N, Allan R. The efficacy of a tart cherry drink for the treatment of patellofemoral pain in recreationally active individuals: a placebo randomized control trial. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-022-00973-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to explore the efficacy of U.S. Montmorency tart cherry in treating recreationally active individuals with patellofemoral pain.
Methods
Twenty-four recreationally active participants with patellofemoral pain were randomly separated into either placebo (males N = 8, females N = 4, age = 43.30 ± 7.86 yrs, mass = 72.10 ± 17.89 kg, stature = 171.16 ± 10.17, BMI = 24.31 ± 3.75 kg/m2, symptom duration = 30.18 ± 10.90) or Montmorency tart cherry (males N = 9, females N = 3, age = 41.75 ± 7.52 yrs, mass = 76.96 ± 16.64 kg, stature = 173.05 ± 7.63, BMI = 25.53 ± 4.03 kg/m2, symptom duration = 29.73 ± 11.88) groups. Both groups ingested 60 mL of either Montmorency tart cherry concentrate or taste matched placebo daily for 6 weeks. Measures of self-reported pain (KOOS-PF), psychological wellbeing (COOP WONCA), and sleep quality (PSQI) alongside blood biomarkers (C-reactive protein, uric acid, TNF alpha, creatinine, and total antioxidant capacity) and knee biomechanics were quantified at baseline and 6 weeks. Differences between groups were examined using linear mixed-effects models.
Results
There was 1 withdrawal in the cherry and 0 in the placebo group and no adverse events were noted in either condition. The placebo condition exhibited significant improvements (baseline = 67.90 ± 16.18 & 6 weeks = 78.04 ± 14.83) in KOOS-PF scores compared to the tart cherry group (baseline = 67.28 ± 12.55& 6 weeks = 67.55 ± 20.61). No other statistically significant observations were observed.
Conclusion
Tart cherry supplementation as specifically ingested in the current investigation does not appear to be effective in mediating improvements in patellofemoral pain symptoms in recreationally active individuals.
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17
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Panchal SK, John OD, Mathai ML, Brown L. Anthocyanins in Chronic Diseases: The Power of Purple. Nutrients 2022; 14:2161. [PMID: 35631301 PMCID: PMC9142943 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are mainly purple-coloured phenolic compounds of plant origin that as secondary metabolites are important in plant survival. Understanding their health benefits in humans requires sourcing these unstable compounds in sufficient quantities at a reasonable cost, which has led to improved methods of extraction. Dark-coloured fruits, cereals and vegetables are current sources of these compounds. The range of potential sustainable sources is much larger and includes non-commercialised native plants from around the world and agri-waste containing anthocyanins. In the last 5 years, there have been significant advances in developing the therapeutic potential of anthocyanins in chronic human diseases. Anthocyanins exert their beneficial effects through improvements in gut microbiota, oxidative stress and inflammation, and modulation of neuropeptides such as insulin-like growth factor-1. Their health benefits in humans include reduced cognitive decline; protection of organs such as the liver, as well as the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract and kidneys; improvements in bone health and obesity; and regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. This review summarises some of the sources of anthocyanins and their mechanisms and benefits in the treatment of chronic human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil K. Panchal
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2753, Australia;
- Global Centre for Land-Based Innovation, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2753, Australia
| | - Oliver D. John
- Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia; or
| | - Michael L. Mathai
- Institute of Health and Sport, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia;
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Lindsay Brown
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia
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18
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Monjotin N, Amiot MJ, Fleurentin J, Morel JM, Raynal S. Clinical Evidence of the Benefits of Phytonutrients in Human Healthcare. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091712. [PMID: 35565680 PMCID: PMC9102588 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytonutrients comprise many different chemicals, including carotenoids, indoles, glucosinolates, organosulfur compounds, phytosterols, polyphenols, and saponins. This review focuses on the human healthcare benefits of seven phytochemical families and highlights the significant potential contribution of phytonutrients in the prevention and management of pathologies and symptoms in the field of family health. The structure and function of these phytochemical families and their dietary sources are presented, along with an overview of their potential activities across different health and therapeutic targets. This evaluation has enabled complementary effects of the different families of phytonutrients in the same area of health to be recognized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Monjotin
- Institut de Recherche Pierre Fabre, Pierre Fabre Medical Care, 81100 Castres, France;
| | - Marie Josèphe Amiot
- Montpellier Interdisciplinary Center on Sustainable Agri-Food Systems, INRAE, Agro Institute, Université de Montpellier, CIHEAM-IAMM, CIRAD, IRD, 34000 Montpellier, France;
| | | | | | - Sylvie Raynal
- Direction Médicale Patients et Consommateurs, Pierre Fabre Medical Care, 81100 Castres, France
- Correspondence:
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19
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Kimble R, Keane KM, Lodge JK, Cheung W, Haskell-Ramsay CF, Howatson G. Polyphenol-rich tart cherries ( Prunus Cerasus, cv Montmorency) improve sustained attention, feelings of alertness and mental fatigue and influence the plasma metabolome in middle-aged adults: a randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:1-12. [PMID: 35109960 PMCID: PMC9723490 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522000460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tart Montmorency cherries (MC) are a particularly rich source of anthocyanins and other polyphenols that have been shown to elicit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and vasomodulatory actions. The current study aimed to determine the influence of chronic MC supplementation on cognitive function and mood. In a 3-month double-blinded, placebo-controlled parallel study, middle-aged adults (mean ± sd: 48 ± 6 years) were randomly assigned to either 30 ml twice daily of MC (n 25) or the same amount of an isoenergetic placebo (n 25). Cognitive function and mood were assessed before and after supplementation using a computerised cognitive task battery and visual analogue scales. Cerebral blood flow was also monitored by near-infrared spectroscopy during the task battery, and questionnaires were administered to determine subjective sleep and health status and plasma metabolomics were analysed before and after supplementation. After 3 months, the MC resulted in higher accuracy in digit vigilance (mean difference: 3·3, 95 % CI: 0·2, 6·4 %) with lower number of false alarms (mean difference: -1·2, 95 % CI: -2·0, -0·4) compared with the placebo. There was also a treatment effect for higher alertness (mean difference: 5·9, 95 % CI: 1·3, 10·5 %) and lower mental fatigue ratings (mean difference -9·5, 95 % CI: -16·5, -2·5 %) with MC. Plasma metabolomics revealed an increase in a number of amino acids in response to MC intake, but not placebo. These data suggest an anti-fatiguing effect of MC supplementation as well as the ability to improve sustained attention during times of high cognitive demand, this could be related to changes in amino acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Kimble
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Karen M. Keane
- School of Science and Computing, Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology, Galway, Ireland
| | - John K. Lodge
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - William Cheung
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | | | - Glyn Howatson
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
- Water Research Group, School of Environmental Sciences and Development, Northwest University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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20
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An Insight into Anti-Inflammatory Activities and Inflammation Related Diseases of Anthocyanins: A Review of Both In Vivo and In Vitro Investigations. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011076. [PMID: 34681733 PMCID: PMC8540239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanin is a type of flavonoid pigment widely present in fruits and vegetables. It can not only be used as natural pigment, but also has a variety of health functions, for instance, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and neuroprotective activities. Persistent proinflammatory status is a major factor in the development, progression, and complications of chronic diseases. Not surprisingly, there are thus many food ingredients that can potentially affect inflammation related diseases and many studies have shown that anthocyanins play an important role in inflammatory pathways. In this paper, the inflammation related diseases (such as, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer) of anthocyanins are introduced, and the anti-inflammatory effect of anthocyanins is emphatically introduced. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of anthocyanins is elaborated from the aspects of NF-κB, toll like receptor, MAPKs, NO, and ROS and the main efficacy of anthocyanins in inflammation and related diseases is determined. In conclusion, this review aims to get a clear insight into the role of anthocyanins in inflammation related diseases.
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21
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Abstract
Two factors intrinsic to health are diet and sleep. These two behaviors may well influence one another. Indeed, that insufficient sleep adversely impacts dietary intakes is well documented. On the other hand, diet may influence sleep via melatonin and its biosynthesis from tryptophan. Experimental data exist indicating that provision of specific foods rich in tryptophan or melatonin can improve sleep quality. Whole diets rich in fruits, vegetables, legumes, and other sources of dietary tryptophan and melatonin have been shown to predict favorable sleep outcomes. Although clinical trials are needed to confirm a causal impact of dietary patterns on sleep and elucidate underlying mechanisms, available data illustrate a cyclical relation between these lifestyle factors. We recommend adopting a healthful diet to improve sleep, which may further promote sustained favorable dietary practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faris M Zuraikat
- Sleep Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; , ,
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Rebecca A Wood
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Rocío Barragán
- Sleep Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; , ,
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marie-Pierre St-Onge
- Sleep Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; , ,
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA;
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22
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Jansen EC, Corcoran K, Perng W, Dunietz GL, Cantoral A, Zhou L, Téllez-Rojo MM, Peterson KE. Relationships of beverage consumption and actigraphy-assessed sleep parameters among urban-dwelling youth from Mexico. Public Health Nutr 2021; 25:1-10. [PMID: 34325765 PMCID: PMC8800947 DOI: 10.1017/s136898002100313x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether usual beverage intake was associated with sleep timing, duration and fragmentation among adolescents. DESIGN Usual beverage intake was assessed with a FFQ. Outcomes included sleep duration, midpoint (median of bed and wake times) and fragmentation, assessed with 7-d actigraphy. Sex-stratified linear regression was conducted with sleep characteristics as separate outcomes and quantiles of energy-adjusted beverage intake as exposures, accounting for age, maternal education, physical activity and smoking. SETTING Mexico City. PARTICIPANTS 528 adolescents residing in Mexico City enrolled in a longitudinal cohort. RESULTS The mean age (sd) was 14·4 (2·1) years; 48 % were male. Among males, milk and water consumption were associated with longer weekday sleep duration (25 (95 % CI 1, 48) and 26 (95 % CI 4, 47) more minutes, in the 4th compared to the 1st quartile); and higher 100 % fruit juice consumption was related to earlier weekday sleep timing (-22 (95 % CI -28, 1) minutes in the 1st compared to the last quantile; P = 0·03). Among females, soda was associated with higher sleep fragmentation (1·6 (95 % CI 0·4, 2·8) % in the 4th compared to the 1st), and coffee/tea consumption was related to shorter weekend sleep duration (-23 (95 % CI -44, 2) minutes in the 4th compared to the 1st). CONCLUSIONS Among females, adverse associations with sleep were observed for caffeinated drinks, while males with higher consumption of healthier beverage options (water, milk and 100 % juice) had evidence of longer and earlier-timed sleep. Potential mechanisms involving melatonin and tryptophan should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica C Jansen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 3863 SPH I, Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI48103, USA
- Department of Neurology, Division of Sleep Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kathleen Corcoran
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 3863 SPH I, Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI48103, USA
| | - Wei Perng
- Department of Epidemiology, Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Galit L Dunietz
- Department of Neurology, Division of Sleep Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Ling Zhou
- Center of Statistical Research and School of Statistics, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, China
| | - Martha M Téllez-Rojo
- Center for Research on Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Karen E Peterson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 3863 SPH I, Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI48103, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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23
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Kozłowska A, Dzierżanowski T. Targeting Inflammation by Anthocyanins as the Novel Therapeutic Potential for Chronic Diseases: An Update. Molecules 2021; 26:4380. [PMID: 34299655 PMCID: PMC8304181 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-grade chronic inflammation (LGCI) and oxidative stress act as cooperative and synergistic partners in the pathogenesis of a wide variety of diseases. Polyphenols, including anthocyanins, are involved in regulating the inflammatory state and activating the endogenous antioxidant defenses. Anthocyanins' effects on inflammatory markers are promising and may have the potential to exert an anti-inflammatory effect in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, translating these research findings into clinical practice would effectively contribute to the prevention and treatment of chronic disease. The present narrative review summarizes the results of clinical studies from the last 5 years in the context of the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative role of anthocyanins in both health and disease. There is evidence to indicate that anthocyanins supplementation in the regulation of pro-inflammatory markers among the healthy and chronic disease population. Although the inconsistencies between the result of randomized control trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses were also observed. Regarding anthocyanins' effects on inflammatory markers, there is a need for long-term clinical trials allowing for the quantifiable progression of inflammation. The present review can help clinicians and other health care professionals understand the importance of anthocyanins use in patients with chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomasz Dzierżanowski
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
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24
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Jansen EC, Stern D, Monge A, O'Brien LM, Lajous M, Peterson KE, López-Ridaura R. Healthier dietary patterns are associated with better sleep quality among midlife Mexican women. J Clin Sleep Med 2021; 16:1321-1330. [PMID: 32329434 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.8506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether dietary patterns are associated with sleep quality in Mexican midlife women. METHODS The study population included 4,467 Mexican women from a longitudinal study of teachers. In 2008, a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire was administered. Principal components analysis identified 3 dietary patterns: Fruits and Vegetables, Western (meat and processed), and Modern Mexican (tortillas and soda, low in fiber and dairy). Starting in 2012, follow-up questionnaires included the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, which yields a score ranging from 0 to 21 (higher scores = worse quality). Modified Poisson regression analyses examining the association between dietary patterns (categorized into quartiles) and poor sleep quality (score > 5) were conducted, adjusting for socio-demographic and lifestyle confounders and baseline comorbid conditions. RESULTS Women were 41.0 ± 7.1 years at baseline, with an average follow-up of 5.5 ± 0.7 years. In fully adjusted models, women in the least-healthy quartile of the Fruits and Vegetables pattern compared with the most were 21% more likely to have poor quality sleep at follow-up (95% confidence interval 1.06, 1.42), while those in the highest quartiles of the Modern Mexican pattern were 23% more likely to have poor quality sleep compared with the lowest quartiles (95% confidence interval 1.06 to 1.43, respectively). CONCLUSIONS A fruit and vegetable-based dietary pattern was associated with higher sleep quality, while an unhealthier diet pattern was associated with worse sleep quality in midlife women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica C Jansen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Dalia Stern
- CONACyT-Center for Research on Population Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernevaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Adriana Monge
- Center for Research on Population Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernevaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Louise M O'Brien
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Martin Lajous
- Center for Research on Population Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernevaca, Morelos, Mexico.,Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Karen E Peterson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Ruy López-Ridaura
- National Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Health, Mexico City, Mexico
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25
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Nutritional Interventions to Improve Sleep in Team-Sport Athletes: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051586. [PMID: 34068512 PMCID: PMC8150598 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Athletes often experience sleep disturbances and poor sleep as a consequence of extended travel, the timing of training and competition (i.e., early morning or evening), and muscle soreness. Nutrition plays a vital role in sports performance and recovery, and a variety of foods, beverages, and supplements purportedly have the capacity to improve sleep quality and quantity. Here, we review and discuss relevant studies regarding nutrition, foods, supplements, and beverages that may improve sleep quality and quantity. Our narrative review was supported by a semi-systematic approach to article searching, and specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, such that articles reviewed were relevant to athletes and sporting environments. Six databases—PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, and Google Scholar—were searched for initial studies of interest from inception to November 2020. Given the paucity of sleep nutrition research in the athlete population, we expanded our inclusion criteria to include studies that reported the outcomes of nutritional interventions to improve sleep in otherwise healthy adults. Carbohydrate ingestion to improve sleep parameters is inconclusive, although high glycemic index foods appear to have small benefits. Tart cherry juice can promote sleep quantity, herbal supplements can enhance sleep quality, while kiwifruit and protein interventions have been shown to improve both sleep quality and quantity. Nutritional interventions are an effective way to improve sleep quality and quantity, although further research is needed to determine the appropriate dose, source, and timing in relation to training, travel, and competition requirements.
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Kimble R, Keane KM, Lodge JK, Howatson G. The Influence of Tart Cherry ( Prunus cerasus, cv Montmorency) Concentrate Supplementation for 3 Months on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Middle-Aged Adults: A Randomised, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2021; 13:1417. [PMID: 33922493 PMCID: PMC8145763 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tart Montmorency cherries (MC) have been shown to be rich in anthocyanins and other phytochemicals known to have anti-inflammatory properties and influence pathways that might improve cardiometabolic health. However, there is limited evidence for the longer-term use of tart cherries on these indices. The aim of the current study was to investigate the influence of MC concentrate on cardiometabolic health indices following a 3-month supplementation period. METHODS Fifty middle-aged adults (34 males and 16 females; mean ± SD age: 48 ± 6 years and BMI: 27.6 ± 3.7 kg/m2) completed a randomised, placebo-controlled parallel study in which they either received MC or an isocaloric placebo. Participants drank 30 mL of their allocated treatment twice per day for 3 months. Vascular function (blood pressure [BP], heart rate [HR], pulse wave velocity and analysis [PWV/A], and flow mediated dilation [FMD]) as well as indices of metabolic health (insulin, glucose, lipid profiles, and high sensitivity C reactive protein) were measured following an overnight fast before and after the 3 months. RESULTS No effect of the intervention between the groups was observed for vascular function or metabolic health variables following the intervention (p > 0.05). However, MC concentrate was shown to be safe and well-tolerated and, importantly, did not have any deleterious effects on these outcomes. In conclusion, MC has no influence on cardiometabolic indices in middle-aged adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Kimble
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (R.K.); (J.K.L.)
| | - Karen M. Keane
- Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology, School of Science and Computing, H91 T8NW Galway, Ireland;
| | - John K. Lodge
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (R.K.); (J.K.L.)
| | - Glyn Howatson
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (R.K.); (J.K.L.)
- Water Research Group, School of Environmental Sciences and Development, Northwest University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
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Wangdi JT, Sabou V, O’Leary MF, Kelly VG, Bowtell JL. Use, Practices and Attitudes of Elite and Sub-Elite Athletes towards Tart Cherry Supplementation. Sports (Basel) 2021; 9:sports9040049. [PMID: 33807198 PMCID: PMC8066185 DOI: 10.3390/sports9040049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tart cherry (TC) supplementation can improve exercise recovery and performance; and may also improve sleep duration and quality. This study investigated the use and knowledge of TC supplementation by athletes of all competitive levels. Eighty participants (52.5% elite (international, national, professional), 47.5% sub-elite (semi-professional, state/regional, county level, club level, recreational)) completed an online questionnaire investigating their attitudes towards and use of TC supplementation. Overall, 22.6% of participants were using or had previously used TC supplements, and 12.5% of participants planned to used TC supplements. Improved recovery (71.4%), sleep (32.1%) and immunity and general health (32.1%) were the most frequently indicated goals by respondents using TC supplements. In total, 32.1% of respondents were supplemented with TC chronically, 39.3% acutely and 28.6% used a combination of chronic and acute supplementation. The majority of those employing TC supplementation chronically used TC either over 2-3 days (37.0%) or continuously (37.0%). The most popular TC pre- and post-loading period was one day (34.3% and 41.5%, respectively). There were no significant differences between elite and sub-elite athletes in any parameters assessed (p > 0.05). TC supplementation is not widely used by the athletes surveyed, and athletes using TC supplements showed poor awareness of an evidence-led dosing strategy, regardless of competitive level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy T. Wangdi
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; (J.T.W.); (V.G.K.)
- Sport and Health Sciences, St Luke’s Campus, University of Exeter, Heavitree Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK; (V.S.); (M.F.O.)
| | - Vlad Sabou
- Sport and Health Sciences, St Luke’s Campus, University of Exeter, Heavitree Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK; (V.S.); (M.F.O.)
| | - Mary F. O’Leary
- Sport and Health Sciences, St Luke’s Campus, University of Exeter, Heavitree Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK; (V.S.); (M.F.O.)
| | - Vincent G. Kelly
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; (J.T.W.); (V.G.K.)
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Joanna L. Bowtell
- Sport and Health Sciences, St Luke’s Campus, University of Exeter, Heavitree Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK; (V.S.); (M.F.O.)
- Correspondence:
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Sabou VR, O'Leary MF, Liu Y, Brown PN, Murch S, Bowtell JL. Review of Analytical Methods and Reporting of the Polyphenol Content of Tart Cherry Supplements in Human Supplementation Studies Investigating Health and Exercise Performance Effects: Recommendations for Good Practice. Front Nutr 2021; 8:652094. [PMID: 33842524 PMCID: PMC8032894 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.652094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tart cherries (TC) are a rich source of polyphenols that elicit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. As a consequence, the effects of TC derived supplements on markers of human health, exercise performance and sleep have been investigated. Supplementation protocols have been highly variable across studies and the dose of bioactive compounds used has often been poorly characterized. Specific and non-specific analytical methods were employed for measuring the total polyphenol and anthocyanin content in TC supplements. This review critically analyses the supplementation protocols and the analytical methods used for the characterization of TC supplements, culminating in recommendations for good practice in the analysis and reporting of the polyphenol content and profile of TC products. A literature search was conducted using PubMed/Medline and Web of Science up to May 4th, 2020, including studies published in all years prior. Only articles written in English that provided a TC dietary supplement as opposed to fresh whole TC were included in this review. Forty-three studies were identified as eligible and included for analysis in this review. The studies investigated the effects of TC supplementation on various aspects of human health, exercise recovery and performance and sleep. Twenty studies conducted an analysis of TC supplement and reported total polyphenol/anthocyanin content. Six studies did not report the polyphenol content of the TC supplement used. Seventeen studies reported the TC supplement polyphenol content but this was derived from previously published studies and presumably different supplement batches. The duration of the supplementation protocol ranged from acute supplementation to 84 days, meanwhile the total polyphenol and anthocyanin dose ranged from 143 to 2,140 mg/day and 15 to 547 mg/day, respectively. Due to the variety of specific and non-specific analytical methods used, the relative efficacy of different doses and polyphenol blends cannot reliably be extrapolated from critical analysis of the literature. Future studies should conduct an analysis of the study supplement batch. In addition to analysis and reporting of total polyphenol content, specific analytical methods such as HPLC UV/MS should be used to quantify total and individual anthocyanin contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad R Sabou
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Sport and Health Sciences, Exeter University, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Mary F O'Leary
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Sport and Health Sciences, Exeter University, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Ying Liu
- Natural Health and Food Products Research Groups, BC Institute of Technology, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Paula N Brown
- Natural Health and Food Products Research Groups, BC Institute of Technology, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Susan Murch
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Joanna L Bowtell
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Sport and Health Sciences, Exeter University, Exeter, United Kingdom
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Sabou V, Wangdi J, O’Leary MF, Kelly VG, Bowtell JL. Use, Practices and Attitudes of Sports Nutrition and Strength and Conditioning Practitioners towards Tart Cherry Supplementation. Sports (Basel) 2020; 9:sports9010002. [PMID: 33374926 PMCID: PMC7821940 DOI: 10.3390/sports9010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Tart cherry (TC) supplementation has been shown to accelerate post-exercise recovery, enhance endurance performance and improve sleep duration and quality. This study aimed to identify the use, practices and attitudes of sports nutrition and strength and conditioning practitioners towards tart cherry supplementation. Thirty-five practitioners anonymously completed an online survey investigating their use, practices and attitudes towards tart cherry supplements. Forty-six percent of the responders were currently recommending TC supplements, 11% had previously recommended TC supplements and 26% have not previously recommended TC supplements but were planning on doing so in the future. Of those recommending TC, 50% recommended or were planning on recommending TC supplements to enhance exercise recovery and 26% to improve sleep duration and quality. Acute supplementation and daily use during multi-day competition or demanding training blocks with a 2–3-day pre-load were the most reported supplementation recommendations (28% and 18%, respectively). Fifty-two percent of responders indicated uncertainty about the daily polyphenol dose to recommend as part of a TC supplementation protocol. Despite the high use and interest from sports nutrition and strength and conditioning practitioners in TC supplements, their practices did not align with the protocols found to be effective within the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad Sabou
- Sport and Health Sciences, St Luke’s Campus, University of Exeter, Heavitree Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK; (V.S.); (J.W.); (M.F.O.)
| | - Jimmy Wangdi
- Sport and Health Sciences, St Luke’s Campus, University of Exeter, Heavitree Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK; (V.S.); (J.W.); (M.F.O.)
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Mary F. O’Leary
- Sport and Health Sciences, St Luke’s Campus, University of Exeter, Heavitree Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK; (V.S.); (J.W.); (M.F.O.)
| | - Vincent G. Kelly
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia;
| | - Joanna L. Bowtell
- Sport and Health Sciences, St Luke’s Campus, University of Exeter, Heavitree Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK; (V.S.); (J.W.); (M.F.O.)
- Correspondence:
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Cásedas G, Les F, López V. Anthocyanins: Plant Pigments, Food Ingredients or Therapeutic Agents for the CNS? A Mini-Review Focused on Clinical Trials. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:1790-1798. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200127093701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are plant pigments present in flowers, leaves or fruits with polyphenolic structure belonging
to the group of flavonoids. From a nutritional approach, they are the most abundant flavonoids in dietary
sources responsible for the antioxidant properties of those foods. In addition, the food and pharma industries have
used anthocyanins as food additives or excipients due to its colorant properties. However, beyond its antioxidant
effects, anthocyanins may also act as therapeutic agents due to neuroprotective, antidiabetic and cardioprotective
properties. There is a growing body of evidence suggesting the role of these compounds in the Central Nervous
System (CNS). Previous in vitro and animal studies have suggested neuroprotective benefits, but we here review
human interventions made with anthocyanins in relation to cognition, insomnia, anxiety or depression. Due to the
link between oxidative stress and neurodegenerative disorders, human studies conducted on healthy volunteers
evaluating oxidative stress parameters have also been included. As reviewed here, very few human studies (only
ten) have been performed in the area of CNS; however, considering the obtained outcomes in those trials together
with human interventions in relation with oxidative stress as well as data showing neuroprotective effects
from preclinical experiments, we suggest that anthocyanins may have potential benefits for the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Cásedas
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gallego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Francisco Les
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gallego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Víctor López
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gallego, Zaragoza, Spain
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Sharma P, Kumar A, Singh D. Dietary Flavonoids Interaction with CREB-BDNF Pathway: An Unconventional Approach for Comprehensive Management of Epilepsy. Curr Neuropharmacol 2020; 17:1158-1175. [PMID: 31400269 PMCID: PMC7057203 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x17666190809165549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) is a key transcriptional regulator that regulates the transcription of genes related with neuronal differentiation, synaptic plasticity, learning and memory. Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), is a CREB dependent gene which plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of epilepsy and central comorbid conditions associated with epilepsy. However, the beneficial or detrimental consequences of CREB-BDNF activation on the induction and/or progression of seizures depend specifically on the region of brain involved and the time of activation. The bioactive molecules that alter the activity of CREB in a way to have specialized effects in different brain regions and neural circuits involved could potentially be utilized for therapeutic purposes. Flavonoids are the polyphenolic compounds which lead to phosphorylation of CREB in the hippocampus, followed by increase in extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) and BDNF. Several members of flavonoid family have also showed suppression of epileptic seizures via interaction with CREB/BDNF pathway. Moreover, epilepsy is often accompanied by a number of behavioural and psychological comorbid conditions that further gets aggravated by the use of conventional antiepileptic drug therapy. Multiple studies have also supported the beneficial effects of flavonoids in cognitive and memory impairments by upregulation of CREB-BDNF pathway. The current review is an attempt to collate the available preclinical and clinical studies to establish the therapeutic potential of various dietary flavonoids in comprehensive management of epilepsy with relation to CREB-BDNF pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Sharma
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-176061, Himachal Pradesh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-176061, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-176061, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Damanpreet Singh
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-176061, Himachal Pradesh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-176061, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Santos HO, Genario R, Gomes GK, Schoenfeld BJ. Cherry intake as a dietary strategy in sport and diseases: a review of clinical applicability and mechanisms of action. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:417-430. [PMID: 32126807 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1734912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cherries are fruits rich in phytochemical compounds, particularly anthocyanins. Thus, consumption of cherries has gained attention in both clinical and sport-related fields for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Mechanistically, anthocyanins from the intake of cherries may help to attenuate pain and decrease blood concentrations of biomarkers linked to skeletal muscle degradation, which in turn may provide ergogenic effects. In addition, the ability of anthocyanins to balance the redox state represents a conceivable target for rheumatic disorders (e.g. gout and arthritis). Moreover, cherry anthocyanins are emerging as a potential non-pharmacological remedy for cardiometabolic diseases (hypertension and dyslipidemia). Herein, we summarize the effects of cherry intake in sport and diseases, and discuss their purported mechanisms of action to provide insights into practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heitor O Santos
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rafael Genario
- School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gederson K Gomes
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Pereira N, Naufel MF, Ribeiro EB, Tufik S, Hachul H. Influence of Dietary Sources of Melatonin on Sleep Quality: A Review. J Food Sci 2019; 85:5-13. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nádia Pereira
- Dept. of PsychobiologyFederal Univ. of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | | | | | - Sergio Tufik
- Dept. of PsychobiologyFederal Univ. of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Helena Hachul
- Dept. of PsychobiologyFederal Univ. of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
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Arola-Arnal A, Cruz-Carrión Á, Torres-Fuentes C, Ávila-Román J, Aragonès G, Mulero M, Bravo FI, Muguerza B, Arola L, Suárez M. Chrononutrition and Polyphenols: Roles and Diseases. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2602. [PMID: 31671606 PMCID: PMC6893786 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological rhythms can influence the activity of bioactive compounds, and at the same time, the intake of these compounds can modulate biological rhythms. In this context, chrononutrition has appeared as a research field centered on the study of the interactions among biological rhythms, nutrition, and metabolism. This review summarizes the role of phenolic compounds in the modulation of biological rhythms, focusing on their effects in the treatment or prevention of chronic diseases. Heterotrophs are able to sense chemical cues mediated by phytochemicals such as phenolic compounds, promoting their adaptation to environmental conditions. This is called xenohormesis. Hence, the consumption of fruits and vegetables rich in phenolic compounds exerts several health benefits, mainly attributed to the product of their metabolism. However, the profile of phenolic compounds present in plants differs among species and is highly variable depending on agricultural and technological factors. In this sense, the seasonal consumption of polyphenol-rich fruits could induce important changes in the regulation of physiology and metabolism due to the particular phenolic profile that the fruits contain. This fact highlights the need for studies that evaluate the impact of these specific phenolic profiles on health to establish more accurate dietary recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Arola-Arnal
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnología, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Álvaro Cruz-Carrión
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnología, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Cristina Torres-Fuentes
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnología, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Javier Ávila-Román
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnología, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Gerard Aragonès
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnología, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Miquel Mulero
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnología, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Francisca Isabel Bravo
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnología, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Begoña Muguerza
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnología, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Lluís Arola
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnología, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
- Technological Unit of Nutrition and Health, EURECAT-Technology Centre of Catalonia, 43204 Reus, Spain.
| | - Manuel Suárez
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnología, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
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Reciprocal Roles of Sleep and Diet in Cardiovascular Health: a Review of Recent Evidence and a Potential Mechanism. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2019; 21:11. [PMID: 30747307 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-019-0772-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review investigates the potential bi-directional relation between sleep and diet in considering their contribution to cardiovascular health. We further explore the involvement of the gut microbiome in the relationships between poor sleep and dietary intakes and increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. RECENT FINDINGS There is strong evidence that sleep restriction leads to unhealthy food choices and increased energy intake. The diet may impact sleep, as well. Epidemiological studies show that higher adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern predicts healthier sleep. One factor that could underlie these relationships is the gut microbiome. Although data are mixed, there is some evidence that sleep restriction can influence the composition of the gut microbiome in humans. Similarly, Mediterranean diets and other plant-rich diets are related to increased diversity of the microbiota. At present, few studies have investigated the influence of the microbiome on sleep; however, limited evidence from epidemiological and intervention studies suggest that the composition of the microbiome may relate to sleep quality. More research is needed to better understand the role of the microbiome in the multi-directional relationship between sleep, diet, and CVD. There is growing evidence of a bi-directional relationship between sleep and the diet, which could act in concert to influence CVD risk. Diets such as the Mediterranean diet, comprised of high intakes of fruits, vegetables, and other plant-based foods, may promote healthy sleep and beneficial gut microflora. The gut microbiome may then underlie the relation between diet, sleep, and CVD risk.
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