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Xie H, Yang N, Lu L, Sun X, Li J, Wang X, Guo H, Zhou L, Liu J, Wu H, Yu C, Zhang W, Lu L. Uremic Toxin Receptor AhR Facilitates Renal Senescence and Fibrosis via Suppressing Mitochondrial Biogenesis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2402066. [PMID: 38940381 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Retention of metabolic end-products in the bodily fluids of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) may lead to uremia. The uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate (IS), a tryptophan metabolite, is an endogenous ligand of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). It is clarified that the upregulation and activation of AhR by IS in tubular epithelial cells (TECs) promote renal senescence and fibrosis. Renal TEC-specific knockout of AhR attenuates renal senescence and fibrosis, as well as the suppression of PGC1α-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis in ischemia reperfusion (IR)- or IS-treated CKD mice kidneys. Overexpression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-α (PGC1α) attenuates IS-induced cell senescence and extracellular matrix production in cultured TECs. Mechanistically, AhR is able to interact with PGC1α and promotes the ubiquitin degradation of PGC1α via its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. In summary, the elevation and activation of AhR by the accumulated uremic toxins in the progression of CKD accelerate renal senescence and fibrosis by suppressing mitochondrial biogenesis via promoting ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of PGC1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Xie
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Ninghao Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Li Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, 671013, China
| | - Xi'ang Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jingyao Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hengjiang Guo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Huijuan Wu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chen Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Limin Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, 201102, China
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Hoogstraten CA, Hoenderop JG, de Baaij JHF. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Kidney Tubulopathies. Annu Rev Physiol 2024; 86:379-403. [PMID: 38012047 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-042222-025000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a key role in kidney physiology and pathology. They produce ATP to fuel energy-demanding water and solute reabsorption processes along the nephron. Moreover, mitochondria contribute to cellular health by the regulation of autophagy, (oxidative) stress responses, and apoptosis. Mitochondrial abundance is particularly high in cortical segments, including proximal and distal convoluted tubules. Dysfunction of the mitochondria has been described for tubulopathies such as Fanconi, Gitelman, and Bartter-like syndromes and renal tubular acidosis. In addition, mitochondrial cytopathies often affect renal (tubular) tissues, such as in Kearns-Sayre and Leigh syndromes. Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which mitochondrial dysfunction results in renal tubular diseases are only scarcely being explored. This review provides an overview of mitochondrial dysfunction in the development and progression of kidney tubulopathies. Furthermore, it emphasizes the need for further mechanistic investigations to identify links between mitochondrial function and renal electrolyte reabsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte A Hoogstraten
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Joost G Hoenderop
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Jeroen H F de Baaij
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
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Radajewska A, Szyller J, Krzywonos-Zawadzka A, Olejnik A, Sawicki G, Bil-Lula I. Mitoquinone Alleviates Donation after Cardiac Death Kidney Injury during Hypothermic Machine Perfusion in Rat Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14772. [PMID: 37834219 PMCID: PMC10572969 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Transplanted organs are subjected to harmful conditions through stopping blood flow, hypothermic storage of the graft, and subsequent reperfusion. In particular, kidneys donated from patients after cardiac arrest (DCD) are classified as more vulnerable to ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Hypothermic machine perfusion is proposed as a solution for better kidney storage before transplantation, and it is a good platform for additional graft treatment. Antioxidants have gained interest in regenerative medicine due to their ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), which play a key role in IRI. We evaluated the effect of Mitoquinone (MitoQ), a strong mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, administered directly to the perfusing buffer. Rat kidneys were isolated, randomly classified into one of the following groups, donation after brainstem death (DBD), DCD, and DCD with MitoQ, and perfused for 22 hours with a hypothermic machine perfusion system. Subsequently, we detected levels of kidney injury (KIM-1) and oxidative stress (ROS/RNS, cytochrome C oxidase, and mitochondrial integrity) markers. We compared the activation of the apoptosis pathway (caspase 3 and 9), the concentration of phosphorylated Akt (pAkt), and the pAkt/total Akt ratio. MitoQ reduces KIM-1 concentration, total ROS/RNS, and the level of caspases. We observed a decrease in pAkt and the pAkt/total Akt ratio after drug administration. The length of warm ischemia time negatively impacts the graft condition. However, MitoQ added to the perfusing system as an 'on pump' therapy mitigates injury to the kidney before transplantation by inhibiting apoptosis and reducing ROS/RNS levels. We propose MitoQ as a potential drug for DCD graft preconditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Radajewska
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Hematology, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.R.); (J.S.); (A.O.); (G.S.)
| | - Jakub Szyller
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Hematology, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.R.); (J.S.); (A.O.); (G.S.)
| | - Anna Krzywonos-Zawadzka
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Hematology, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.R.); (J.S.); (A.O.); (G.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Olejnik
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Hematology, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.R.); (J.S.); (A.O.); (G.S.)
| | - Grzegorz Sawicki
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Hematology, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.R.); (J.S.); (A.O.); (G.S.)
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Iwona Bil-Lula
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Hematology, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.R.); (J.S.); (A.O.); (G.S.)
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Taniuchi Y, van Till JWO, Wojtkowski T, Toyoshima J, Koibuchi A, Sargent B, Han D. Single- and Multiple-dose Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of ASP1128, a Novel Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor δ Modulator, in Healthy Participants. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2023; 12:810-818. [PMID: 36942507 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.1236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) plays a central role in modulating mitochondrial function in ischemia-reperfusion injury. ASP1128, a potent and selective modulator of PPARδ, is currently under investigation for treating acute kidney injury. This randomized, first-in-human study assessed the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of ASP1128 administered intravenously in healthy participants. Forty-nine participants received a single dose of ASP1128 0.3-10 mg (n = 37) or placebo (n = 12) and 53 received daily (7 days) doses of ASP1128 3-100 mg (n = 39) or placebo (n = 14), including a cohort aged ≥65 years (ASP1128 100 mg, n = 3; placebo, n = 2). Treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 37.8%, 59.0%, and 33.3%-35.7% of participants in the single ASP1128, multiple ASP1128, and placebo groups, respectively. All were mild in severity, and the frequency of adverse events did not appear to be dose-related. One participant (multiple ASP1128 3 mg group) withdrew with an infusion site erythema, possibly related to study drug. Exposure was roughly dose-proportional, and elimination was generally consistent across doses (mean t½ 14.6-17.4 hours in the 10, 30, and 100 mg groups on day 7). There was little accumulation in plasma following multiple dosing; steady state was reached after ∼4 days. ASP1128 treatment led to rapid and dose-related upregulation of six fatty acid oxidation-related PPARδ target genes at ≥10 mg, which lasted >24 hours postdose. In conclusion, single and multiple intravenous doses of ASP1128 were generally well tolerated, with dose-dependent pharmacokinetics and target gene engagement in healthy participants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Briana Sargent
- Astellas Pharma Global Development, Inc., Northbrook, Illinois, USA
| | - David Han
- Parexel Early Phase/California Clinical Trials Medical Group, Glendale, California, USA
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van Till JO, Nojima H, Kameoka C, Hayashi C, Sakatani T, Washburn TB, Molitoris BA, Shaw AD, Engelman DT, Kellum JA. The Effects of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Delta Modulator ASP1128 in Patients at Risk for Acute Kidney Injury Following Cardiac Surgery. Kidney Int Rep 2023; 8:1407-1416. [PMID: 37441472 PMCID: PMC10334402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) plays a central role in modulating mitochondrial function in ischemia-reperfusion injury. The novel PPARδ modulator, ASP1128, was evaluated. Methods A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, biomarker assignment-driven, multicenter study was performed in adult patients at risk for acute kidney injury (AKI) following cardiac surgery, examining efficacy and safety of a 3-day, once-daily intravenous dose of 100 mg ASP1128 versus placebo (1:1). AKI risk was based on clinical characteristics and postoperative urinary biomarker (TIMP2)•(IGFBP7). The primary end point was the proportion of patients with AKI based on serum creatinine within 72 hours postsurgery (AKI-SCr72h). Secondary endpoints included the composite end point of major adverse kidney events (MAKE: death, renal replacement therapy, and/or ≥25% reduction of estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR]) at days 30 and 90). Results A total of 150 patients were randomized and received study medication (81 placebo, 69 ASP1128). Rates of AKI-SCr72h were 21.0% and 24.6% in the placebo and ASP1128 arms, respectively (P = 0.595). Rates of moderate/severe AKI (stage 2/3 AKI-SCr and/or stage 3 AKI-urinary output criteria) within 72 hours postsurgery were 19.8% and 23.2%, respectively (P = 0.609). MAKE occurred within 30 days in 11.1% and 13.0% in the placebo and ASP1128 arms (P = 0.717), respectively; and within 90 days in 9.9% and 15.9% in the placebo and ASP1128 arms (P = 0.266), respectively. No safety issues were identified with ASP1128 treatment, but rates of postoperative atrial fibrillation were lower (11.6%) than in the placebo group (29.6%). Conclusion ASP1128 was safe and well-tolerated in patients at risk for AKI following cardiac surgery, but it did not show efficacy in renal endpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroyuki Nojima
- Astellas Pharma Global Development Inc., Northbrook, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Chieri Hayashi
- Astellas Pharma Global Development Inc., Northbrook, Illinois, USA
| | | | | | - Bruce A. Molitoris
- Division of Nephrology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Andrew D. Shaw
- Department of Intensive Care and Resuscitation, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Daniel T. Engelman
- Heart and Vascular Program, Baystate Health and University of Massachusetts Medical School-Baystate, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John A. Kellum
- Center for Critical Care Nephrology, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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6
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Wei M, Gao Y, Cheng D, Zhang H, Zhang W, Shen Y, Huang Q, An X, Wang B, Yu Z, Wang N, Chen H, Xu Y, Gui D. Notoginsenoside Fc ameliorates renal tubular injury and mitochondrial damage in acetaminophen-induced acute kidney injury partly by regulating SIRT3/SOD2 pathway. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 9:1055252. [PMID: 36714147 PMCID: PMC9875593 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1055252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mitochondria dysfunction is one of the primary causes of tubular injury in acute kidney injury (AKI). Notoginsenoside Fc (Fc), a new saponin isolated from Panax notoginseng, exhibited numerous pharmacological actions. However, the beneficial effects of Fc on renal tubular impairment and mitochondrial dysfunction in AKI have not been fully studied. Methods In this study, we established acetaminophen (APAP)-induced AKI model in mice to examine the therapeutic impacts of Fc on AKI. Results Our results showed that Fc could decrease the levels of the serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and Cystatin C in mice with AKI. Fc also ameliorated renal histopathology, renal tubular cells apoptosis and restored expression of apoptosis-related proteins such as Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase3 (C-caspase3). Additionally, Fc increased the protein expression of SIRT3 and SOD2 in kidneys from mice with AKI. In vitro studies further showed Fc reduced the apoptosis of HK-2 cells exposure to APAP, attenuated the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and decreased the formation of mitochondrial superoxide. Fc also partly restored the protein expression of Bax, Bcl-2, C-Caspase3, SIRT3, and SOD2 in HK-2 cells exposure to APAP. Conclusion In summary, Fc might reduce renal tubular injury and mitochondrial dysfunction in AKI partly through the regulation of SIRT3/SOD2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Wei
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China,Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuancheng Gao
- The Third Affiliated Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongsheng Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiying Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Yangpu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilan Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qunwei Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoning An
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonghai Yu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Niansong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongbo Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Hongbo Chen
| | - Youhua Xu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, China,Youhua Xu
| | - Dingkun Gui
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,Department of Central Laboratory, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,Dingkun Gui
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Sun J, Pan J, Liu Q, Cheng J, Tang Q, Ji Y, Cheng K, wang R, Liu L, Wang D, Wu N, Zheng X, Li J, Zhang X, Zhu Z, Ding Y, Zheng F, Li J, Zhang Y, Yuan Y. Melatonin Attenuates Mitochondrial Damage in Aristolochic Acid-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2023; 31:97-107. [PMID: 36097885 PMCID: PMC9810451 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2022.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aristolochic acid (AA), extracted from Aristolochiaceae plants, plays an essential role in traditional herbal medicines and is used for different diseases. However, AA has been found to be nephrotoxic and is known to cause aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN). AA-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is a syndrome in AAN with a high morbidity that manifests mitochondrial damage as a key part of its pathological progression. Melatonin primarily serves as a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant. However, its mitochondrial protective role in AA-induced AKI is barely reported. In this study, mice were administrated 2.5 mg/kg AA to induce AKI. Melatonin reduced the increase in Upro and Scr and attenuated the necrosis and atrophy of renal proximal tubules in mice exposed to AA. Melatonin suppressed ROS generation, MDA levels and iNOS expression and increased SOD activities in vivo and in vitro. Intriguingly, the in vivo study revealed that melatonin decreased mitochondrial fragmentation in renal proximal tubular cells and increased ATP levels in kidney tissues in response to AA. In vitro, melatonin restored the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in NRK-52E and HK-2 cells and led to an elevation in ATP levels. Confocal immunofluorescence data showed that puncta containing Mito-tracker and GFP-LC3A/B were reduced, thereby impeding the mitophagy of tubular epithelial cells. Furthermore, melatonin decreased LC3A/B-II expression and increased p62 expression. The apoptosis of tubular epithelial cells induced by AA was decreased. Therefore, our findings revealed that melatonin could prevent AA-induced AKI by attenuating mitochondrial damage, which may provide a potential therapeutic method for renal AA toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jinjin Pan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Qinlong Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jizhong Cheng
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Qing Tang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yuke Ji
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Ke Cheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Rui wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Liang Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Dingyou Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Na Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xu Zheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Junxia Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xueyan Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Zhilong Zhu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yanchun Ding
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Feng Zheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jia Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China,Corresponding Authors E-mail: (Li J), (Zhang Y), (Yuan Y), Tel: +86-0411-83635936-2188 (Li J), +86-0411-39728761 (Zhang Y), +86-411-86110154 (Yuan Y), Fax: +86-0411-86110515 (Li J), +86-0411-39536666 (Zhang Y), +86-0411-86110515 (Yuan Y)
| | - Ying Zhang
- Sixth Department of Liver Disease, Dalian Public Health Clinical Center, Dalian 116000, China,Corresponding Authors E-mail: (Li J), (Zhang Y), (Yuan Y), Tel: +86-0411-83635936-2188 (Li J), +86-0411-39728761 (Zhang Y), +86-411-86110154 (Yuan Y), Fax: +86-0411-86110515 (Li J), +86-0411-39536666 (Zhang Y), +86-0411-86110515 (Yuan Y)
| | - Yuhui Yuan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China,Corresponding Authors E-mail: (Li J), (Zhang Y), (Yuan Y), Tel: +86-0411-83635936-2188 (Li J), +86-0411-39728761 (Zhang Y), +86-411-86110154 (Yuan Y), Fax: +86-0411-86110515 (Li J), +86-0411-39536666 (Zhang Y), +86-0411-86110515 (Yuan Y)
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Zhu D, Zhong J, Gong X, Wu X. Augmenter of liver regeneration reduces mitochondria-derived ROS and NLRP3 inflammasome activation through PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy in ischemia-reperfusion-induced renal tubular injury. Apoptosis 2022; 28:335-347. [PMID: 36370259 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-022-01794-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is one of the main causes of acute kidney disease (AKI). Several studies have shown that mitochondrial damage, which leads to increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of IR-induced AKI. Increased ROS production can cause oxidative damage and activate the inflammasome in renal tubular cells, ultimately resulting in apoptosis or necrosis. Mitophagy is a type of selective autophagy that plays a protective role in AKI by regulating the quality of mitochondria and reducing the production of ROS. We previously reported that the augmenter of liver regeneration (ALR) exhibits antiapoptotic and antioxidant functions, although the precise mechanisms of action need to be studied further. In the current study, ALR was overexpressed and an in vitro model of IR injury was constructed. The overexpression of ALR reduced the production of mitochondria-derived ROS (mtROS), the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, and the rate of apoptosis. Moreover, this suppression of mtROS production and inflammasome activation was mediated through the PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin pathway of mitophagy. These results suggest that ALR can alleviate IR-induced apoptosis via the PINK1/Parkin mitophagy pathway to reduce the production of mtROS and limit the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongju Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuefeng Gong
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiang Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Panzhihua Central Hospital, Panzhihua, China.
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Wang L, Li J, Yu C. SENP3 Aggravates Renal Tubular Epithelial Cell Apoptosis in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury via deSUMOylation of Drp1. KIDNEY DISEASES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 8:424-435. [PMID: 36466072 PMCID: PMC9710481 DOI: 10.1159/000525308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis causes acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients, although the mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology are not fully understood. SUMO-specific proteases 3 (SENP3), a member of the deSUMOylating enzyme family, is known as a redox sensor and could regulate multiple cellular signaling pathways. However, the role of SENP3 in septic AKI remains unclear. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of SENP3 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced AKI model. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were given intraperitoneal injection of LPS (10 mg/kg). NRK-52E cells were treated with LPS in vitro. The SENP3 protein expression was analyzed by Western blotting. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells were measured using DCFH-DA. SENP3-siRNA or SENP3-plasmid was, respectively, transfected into NRK-52E cells to knock down or overexpress the SENP3 expression. Western blotting was performed to analyze the protein expression of cleaved caspase 3, cytochrome c, and dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1). The mitochondrial membrane potential was measured using JC-1 assay kit. Co-immunoprecipitation was used to determine the interaction of Drp1 and SMUO2/3. RESULTS SENP3 protein expression was obviously increased in renal tissues from the mouse model of LPS-induced AKI. Accordingly, SENP3 expression was upregulated in NRK-52E cells treated with LPS in a ROS-dependent manner in vitro. Knockdown of SENP3 dramatically ameliorated LPS-induced apoptosis of NRK-52E cells, whereas overexpression of SENP3 further aggravated LPS-induced apoptosis of NRK-52E cells. Mechanistically, SENP3 triggered Drp1 recruitment to mitochondria by increasing the deSUMOylation of Drp1. CONCLUSION SENP3 aggravated renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis in LPS-induced AKI via Drp1 deSUMOylation manner.
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Mally A, Jarzina S. Mapping Adverse Outcome Pathways for Kidney Injury as a Basis for the Development of Mechanism-Based Animal-Sparing Approaches to Assessment of Nephrotoxicity. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 4:863643. [PMID: 35785263 PMCID: PMC9242087 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.863643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In line with recent OECD activities on the use of AOPs in developing Integrated Approaches to Testing and Assessment (IATAs), it is expected that systematic mapping of AOPs leading to systemic toxicity may provide a mechanistic framework for the development and implementation of mechanism-based in vitro endpoints. These may form part of an integrated testing strategy to reduce the need for repeated dose toxicity studies. Focusing on kidney and in particular the proximal tubule epithelium as a key target site of chemical-induced injury, the overall aim of this work is to contribute to building a network of AOPs leading to nephrotoxicity. Current mechanistic understanding of kidney injury initiated by 1) inhibition of mitochondrial DNA polymerase γ (mtDNA Polγ), 2) receptor mediated endocytosis and lysosomal overload, and 3) covalent protein binding, which all present fairly well established, common mechanisms by which certain chemicals or drugs may cause nephrotoxicity, is presented and systematically captured in a formal description of AOPs in line with the OECD AOP development programme and in accordance with the harmonized terminology provided by the Collaborative Adverse Outcome Pathway Wiki. The relative level of confidence in the established AOPs is assessed based on evolved Bradford-Hill weight of evidence considerations of biological plausibility, essentiality and empirical support (temporal and dose-response concordance).
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Yuan L, Yang J, Li Y, Yuan L, Liu F, Yuan Y, Tang X. Matrine alleviates cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation via SIRT3/OPA1 pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:3702-3715. [PMID: 35650472 PMCID: PMC9258713 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is extensively used to treat malignancies. However, its clinical use is always limited due to the serious side effects, especially the nephrotoxicity. Matrine (MAT), a tetracyclic quinolizine alkaloid found in sophora genus, exerts multiple pharmacological roles, including anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammation and anti-apoptosis, but the role of MAT on acute kidney injury (AKI) has not been evaluated. Here, we found that MAT potently inhibited cell injury induced by cisplatin in HK2 cells in vitro, which was associated with the inhibition of oxidative injury and NF-κB-mediated inflammation. Moreover, MAT treatment could activate the SIRT3/OPA1 axis and subsequently suppress the mitochondrial fragmentation and improve mitochondrial function. More importantly, SIRT3 knockdown suppressed the deacetylation of OPA1, which blocked the protective role of MAT on cisplatin-induced cell injury. In vivo, MAT treatment alleviated renal dysfunction, histological damage and inflammation induced by cisplatin in mice. Furthermore, consistent with the founding in vitro, MAT also activated SIRT3-mediated deacetylation of OPA1 and alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction in AKI mice. Our study proved that MAT protected against cisplatin-induced AKI by synergic anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammation actions via SIRT3/OPA1-mediated improvement of mitochondrial function, suggesting that MAT may be a novel and effective strategy for AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yuan
- The First People's Hospital of Shuangliu District, Airport Hospital of West China Hospital, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingchao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Li
- The First People's Hospital of Shuangliu District, Airport Hospital of West China Hospital, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Longhui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujia Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaochi Tang
- The First People's Hospital of Shuangliu District, Airport Hospital of West China Hospital, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Luo S, Yang M, Zhao H, Han Y, Liu Y, Xiong X, Chen W, Li C, Sun L. Mitochondrial DNA-dependent inflammation in kidney diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 107:108637. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Tetratricopeptide repeat domain 36 protects renal tubular cells from cisplatin-induced apoptosis potentially via maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. Tissue Cell 2022; 76:101749. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Li W, Xiang Z, Xing Y, Li S, Shi S. Mitochondria bridge HIF signaling and ferroptosis blockage in acute kidney injury. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:308. [PMID: 35387983 PMCID: PMC8986825 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04770-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
AbstractFerroptosis, a form of regulated cell death, plays an important role in acute kidney injury (AKI). Previous studies have shown that prolyl hydroxylase domain protein (PHD) inhibitors that activate HIF signaling provide strong protection against AKI, which is characterized by marked cell death. However, the relationship between PHD inhibition/HIF signaling and ferroptosis in AKI has not been elucidated. Here, we review recent studies to explore the issue. First, we will review the literature concerning the functions of HIF in promoting mitophagy, suppressing mitochondrial respiration and modulating redox homeostasis. Second, we will describe the current understanding of ferroptosis and its role in AKI, particularly from the perspective of mitochondrial dysfunction. Finally, we will discuss the possibility that mitochondria link PHD inhibition/HIF signaling and ferroptosis in AKI. In conclusion, we propose that HIF may protect renal cells against ferroptosis in AKI by reducing mitochondrial oxidative stress and damage.
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Xu S, Jia P, Fang Y, Jin J, Sun Z, Zhou W, Li J, Zhang Y, Wang X, Ren T, Zou Z, Ding X. Nuclear farnesoid X receptor attenuates acute kidney injury through fatty acid oxidation. Kidney Int 2022; 101:987-1002. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Renal Nano-drug delivery for acute kidney Injury: Current status and future perspectives. J Control Release 2022; 343:237-254. [PMID: 35085695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes considerable morbidity and mortality, particularly in the case of post-cardiac infarction or kidney transplantation; however, the site-specific accumulation of small molecule reno-protective agents for AKI has often proved ineffective due to dynamic fluid and solute excretion and non-selectivity, which impedes therapeutic efficacy. This article reviews the current status and future trajectories of renal nanomedicine research for AKI management from pharmacological and clinical perspectives, with a particular focus on appraising nanosized drug carrier (NDC) use for the delivery of reno-protective agents of different pharmacological classes and the effectiveness of NDCs in improving renal tissue targeting selectivity and efficacy of said agents. This review reveals the critical shift in the role of the small molecule reno-protective agents in AKI pharmacotherapy - from prophylaxis to treatment - when using NDCs for delivery to the kidney. We also highlight the need to identify the accumulation sites of NDCs carrying reno-protective agents in renal tissues during in vivo assessments and detail the less-explored pharmacological classes of reno-protective agents whose efficacies may be improved via NDC-based delivery. We conclude the paper by outlining the challenges and future perspectives of NDC-based reno-protective agent delivery for better clinical management of AKI.
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Hu X, Ma Z, Wen L, Li S, Dong Z. Autophagy in Cisplatin Nephrotoxicity during Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225618. [PMID: 34830772 PMCID: PMC8616020 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cisplatin is a broadly used chemotherapy drug, but its use and efficacy are limited by its nephrotoxicity. Autophagy protects against kidney injury during cisplatin exposure but may reduce the efficacy of chemotherapy by protecting cancer cells. In this review, we describe the role and regulation of autophagy in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and discuss the therapeutic advances and challenges of targeting autophagy in chemotherapy. Abstract Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent but its clinical use is often limited by nephrotoxicity. Autophagy is a lysosomal degradation pathway that removes protein aggregates and damaged or dysfunctional cellular organelles for maintaining cell homeostasis. Upon cisplatin exposure, autophagy is rapidly activated in renal tubule cells to protect against acute cisplatin nephrotoxicity. Mechanistically, the protective effect is mainly related to the clearance of damaged mitochondria via mitophagy. The role and regulation of autophagy in chronic kidney problems after cisplatin treatment are currently unclear, despite the significance of research in this area. In cancers, autophagy may prevent tumorigenesis, but autophagy may reduce the efficacy of chemotherapy by protecting cancer cells. Future research should focus on developing drugs that enhance the anti-tumor effects of cisplatin while protecting kidneys during cisplatin chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoru Hu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; (X.H.); (L.W.); (S.L.)
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Zhengwei Ma
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Lu Wen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; (X.H.); (L.W.); (S.L.)
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Siyao Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; (X.H.); (L.W.); (S.L.)
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Zheng Dong
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; (X.H.); (L.W.); (S.L.)
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-706-721-2825; Fax: +1-706-721-6120
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Audzeyenka I, Rachubik P, Typiak M, Kulesza T, Topolewska A, Rogacka D, Angielski S, Saleem MA, Piwkowska A. Hyperglycemia alters mitochondrial respiration efficiency and mitophagy in human podocytes. Exp Cell Res 2021; 407:112758. [PMID: 34437881 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Podocytes constitute the outer layer of the renal glomerular filtration barrier. Their energy requirements strongly depend on efficient oxidative respiration, which is tightly connected with mitochondrial dynamics. We hypothesized that hyperglycemia modulates energy metabolism in glomeruli and podocytes and contributes to the development of diabetic kidney disease. We found that oxygen consumption rates were severely reduced in glomeruli from diabetic rats and in human podocytes that were cultured in high glucose concentration (30 mM; HG). In these models, all of the mitochondrial respiratory parameters, including basal and maximal respiration, ATP production, and spare respiratory capacity, were significantly decreased. Podocytes that were treated with HG showed a fragmented mitochondrial network, together with a decrease in expression of the mitochondrial fusion markers MFN1, MFN2, and OPA1, and an increase in the activity of the fission marker DRP1. We showed that markers of mitochondrial biogenesis, such as PGC-1α and TFAM, decreased in HG-treated podocytes. Moreover, PINK1/parkin-dependent mitophagy was inhibited in these cells. These results provide evidence that hyperglycemia impairs mitochondrial dynamics and turnover, which may underlie the remarkable deterioration of mitochondrial respiration parameters in glomeruli and podocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Audzeyenka
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wita Stwosza St. 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza St. 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Patrycja Rachubik
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wita Stwosza St. 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marlena Typiak
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wita Stwosza St. 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kulesza
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wita Stwosza St. 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Topolewska
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wita Stwosza St. 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza St. 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dorota Rogacka
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wita Stwosza St. 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza St. 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Stefan Angielski
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wita Stwosza St. 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Moin A Saleem
- Bristol Renal, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, United Kingdom
| | - Agnieszka Piwkowska
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wita Stwosza St. 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza St. 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
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Ngo J, Osto C, Villalobos F, Shirihai OS. Mitochondrial Heterogeneity in Metabolic Diseases. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10090927. [PMID: 34571805 PMCID: PMC8470264 DOI: 10.3390/biology10090927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Often times mitochondria within a single cell are depicted as homogenous entities both morphologically and functionally. In normal and diseased states, mitochondria are heterogeneous and display distinct functional properties. In both cases, mitochondria exhibit differences in morphology, membrane potential, and mitochondrial calcium levels. However, the degree of heterogeneity is different during disease; or rather, heterogeneity at the physiological state stems from physically distinct mitochondrial subpopulations. Overall, mitochondrial heterogeneity is both beneficial and detrimental to the cellular system; protective in enabling cellular adaptation to biological stress or detrimental in inhibiting protective mechanisms. Abstract Mitochondria have distinct architectural features and biochemical functions consistent with cell-specific bioenergetic needs. However, as imaging and isolation techniques advance, heterogeneity amongst mitochondria has been observed to occur within the same cell. Moreover, mitochondrial heterogeneity is associated with functional differences in metabolic signaling, fuel utilization, and triglyceride synthesis. These phenotypic associations suggest that mitochondrial subpopulations and heterogeneity influence the risk of metabolic diseases. This review examines the current literature regarding mitochondrial heterogeneity in the pancreatic beta-cell and renal proximal tubules as they exist in the pathological and physiological states; specifically, pathological states of glucolipotoxicity, progression of type 2 diabetes, and kidney diseases. Emphasis will be placed on the benefits of balancing mitochondrial heterogeneity and how the disruption of balancing heterogeneity leads to impaired tissue function and disease onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Ngo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 650 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (J.N.); (C.O.); (F.V.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Metabolism Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Corey Osto
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 650 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (J.N.); (C.O.); (F.V.)
- Metabolism Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 650 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Frankie Villalobos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 650 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (J.N.); (C.O.); (F.V.)
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Orian S. Shirihai
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 650 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (J.N.); (C.O.); (F.V.)
- Metabolism Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 650 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Correspondence:
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Zhao L, Tian L, Wang S, Yang W, Lu X, Zhu C. Levosimendan in rats decreases acute kidney injury after cardiopulmonary resuscitation by improving mitochondrial dysfunction. Transl Androl Urol 2021; 10:3010-3020. [PMID: 34430404 PMCID: PMC8350249 DOI: 10.21037/tau-21-443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute kidney injury (AKI), the most common complication after cardiac resuscitation, is highly prevalent and harmful. There is increasing evidence that levosimendan can improve cardiac output, increase renal blood flow, and prevent AKI. As a novel calcium sensitizer, levosimendan may exert its protective effect via mitochondria. Methods Rat models of asphyxia-induced cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) were set up. Thirty healthy adult male SD rats were randomly divided into CPR group (CPR group, n=10), levosimendan-treated group (levo group, n=10), and sham-operated group (sham group, n=10). Twelve hours after CPR, serum renal function indicators were measured, the kidney injury and mitochondrial morphological changes were observed. Oxygen uptake of the mitochondria, mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and mitochondrial free Ca2+ concentration were measured. Oxidative stress-related indicator levels in rat kidney tissues were further detected to analyze the differences in apoptosis rates among these three groups. Mitochondrial optic atrophy 1 (Opa1), dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), and apoptosis-related proteins were detected using Western blotting. Results Compared with the sham group, the CPR group had a significant increase in renal tissue damage. PAS staining and HE stains confirmed that CPR led to renal histopathological damage and destruction of the mitochondrial structure. Levosimendan improved the histopathological and ultrastructural damages of kidneys. Further analysis revealed that mitochondrial ATP content, NADH dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase/cytochrome C oxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (CSH-Px) decreased. Free Ca2+ concentration and malondialdehyde (MDA) significantly increased (all P<0.05) in the kidney tissues of rats in the CPR group. However, mitochondrial ATP content, NADH dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase/cytochrome C oxidase, SOD, CAT, and CSH-Px increased, whereas free Ca2+ concentration and MDA decreased (all P<0.05) in the levo group. The apoptosis rate increased in the CPR group. There were significantly increased levels of Drp1 protein levels, and significantly decreased Opa1 expression (all P<0.05). However, the levo group showed the opposite effects (all P<0.05). Conclusions Levosimendan can alleviate AKI following CPR, which may be achieved by improving mitochondrial dysfunction and suppressing the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhao
- Department of Emergency, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Emergency, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiwei Wang
- Department of Emergency, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqiang Yang
- Department of Emergency, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoye Lu
- Department of Emergency, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changqing Zhu
- Department of Emergency, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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21
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Yu X, Xu M, Meng X, Li S, Liu Q, Bai M, You R, Huang S, Yang L, Zhang Y, Jia Z, Zhang A. Nuclear receptor PXR targets AKR1B7 to protect mitochondrial metabolism and renal function in AKI. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/543/eaay7591. [PMID: 32404507 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aay7591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a worldwide public health problem with no specific and satisfactory therapies in clinic. The nuclear pregnane X receptor (PXR) is involved in the progression of multiple diseases, including metabolic diseases, atherosclerosis, hypertension, liver injury, etc. However, its role in kidney injury remains to be understood. In this study, we have investigated the role of PXR in AKI and underlying mechanism(s) involved in its function. PXR was robustly down-regulated and negatively correlated with renal dysfunction in human and animal kidneys with AKI. Silencing PXR in rats enhanced cisplatin-induced AKI and induced severe mitochondrial abnormalities, whereas activating PXR protected against AKI. Using luciferase reporter assays, genomic manipulation, and proteomics data analysis on the kidneys of PXR-/- rats, we determined that PXR targeted Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member B7 (AKR1B7) to improve mitochondrial function, thereby ameliorating AKI. We confirmed the protective role of PXR against kidney injury using genomic and pharmacologic approaches in an ischemia/reperfusion model of AKI. These findings demonstrate that disabling the PXR/AKR1B7/mitochondrial metabolism axis is an important factor that can contribute to AKI, whereas reestablishing this axis can be useful for treating AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Man Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xia Meng
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Shumin Li
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Qianqi Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Mi Bai
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Ran You
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Songming Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China. .,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China. .,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China. .,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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22
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Zeng Z, Yu K, Hu W, Cheng S, Gao C, Liu F, Chen J, Kong M, Zhang F, Liu X, Wang J. SRT1720 Pretreatment Promotes Mitochondrial Biogenesis of Aged Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Improves Their Engraftment in Postinfarct Nonhuman Primate Hearts. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 30:386-398. [PMID: 33567991 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2020.0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Declined function of aged mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) diminishes the benefits of cell therapy for myocardial infarction (MI). Our previous study has demonstrated that SRT1720, a specific SIRT1 activator, could protect aged human MSCs (hMSCs) against apoptosis. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of mitochondria in the antiapoptotic effects of SRT1720. In addition, we established a nonhuman primate MI model to evaluate cell engraftment of SRT1720-pretreated aged hMSCs (SRT1720-OMSCs). A hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced apoptosis model was established in vitro to mimic MI microenvironment. Compared with vehicle-treated aged hMSCs (Vehicle-OMSCs), SRT1720-OMSCs showed alleviated apoptosis level, significantly decreased caspase-3 and caspase-9 activation, and reduced release of cytochrome c when subjected to H2O2 treatment. Mitochondrial contents were compared between young and aged hMSCs and our data showed that aged hMSCs had lower mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy numbers and protein expression levels of components of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) than young hMSCs. Also, treatment with SRT1720 resulted in enhanced MitoTracker staining, increased mtDNA levels and expression of mitochondrial ETC components in aged hMSCs. Furthermore, SRT1720-OMSCs exhibited elevated mitochondrial respiratory capacity and higher mitochondrial membrane potential. In vivo study demonstrated that SRT1720-OMSCs had higher engraftment rates than Vehicle-OMSCs at 3 days after transplantation into the infarcted nonhuman primate hearts. Taken together, these results suggest that SRT1720 promotes mitochondrial biogenesis and function of aged hMSCs, which is involved in its protective effects against H2O2-induced apoptosis. These findings encourage further exploration of the optimization of aged stem cells function via regulating mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiru Zeng
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaixiang Yu
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wangxing Hu
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Si Cheng
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenyang Gao
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinyong Chen
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minjian Kong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengjiang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianbao Liu
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian'an Wang
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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23
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Li Z, Zhu J, Wan Z, Li G, Chen L, Guo Y. Theaflavin ameliorates renal ischemia/reperfusion injury by activating the Nrf2 signalling pathway in vivo and in vitro. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 134:111097. [PMID: 33341051 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated that oxidaive stress-induced apoptosis may be the main pathogenic mechanism of renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Theaflavin, a polyphenolic compound extracted from black tea, has been proven to exert strong antioxidant biological function. The objective of the present study was to investigate the potential role of theaflavin on renal I/R injury and its potential molecular mechanism both in vitro and in vivo. C57/BL6 J mice were used to create a model of I/R injury wherein mice were ligated with bilateral renal pedicles for 45 min, and then reperfused for 24 h. A hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model of TCMK-1 cells was used to simulate I/R in vitro. Theaflavin were administered to the treatment group first and then established the model. Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1), serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, and 24-h urinary protein levels were evaluated and changes in mitochondrial membrane potential and the ultrastructure of mitochondria were observed. Cell viability, oxidative stress damage, and apoptosis were assessed. The expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream target genes HO-1 and NQO1 were evaluated. Our results revealed that pretreatment with theaflavin significantly inhibited I/R- and H/R-induced renal injury and cell apoptosis. Theaflavin improved mitochondrial dysfunction by attenuating mitochondrial damage and promoting mitochondrial membrane potential. Theaflavin pretreatment significantly reduced malondialdehyde content, while enhancing superoxide dismutase activity in vivo and in vitro. It also reduced oxidative stress and apoptosis mainly by upregulating Nrf2 and its downstream targets in TCMK-1 cells. Thus, theaflavin exerted a protective effect against renal I/R injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis via activation of the Nrf2-NQO1/HO-1 pathway as well as correcting mitochondrial dysfunction, thereby presenting its potential as a clinical therapeutic in cases of acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyuan Li
- Department of Urology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianning Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhihua Wan
- Department of Urology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guohao Li
- Department of Urology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Urology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yonglian Guo
- Department of Urology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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24
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Kellum JA, van Till JWO, Mulligan G. Targeting acute kidney injury in COVID-19. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2020; 35:1652-1662. [PMID: 33022712 PMCID: PMC7665651 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfaa231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As of 15 August 2020, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been reported in >21 million people world-wide and is responsible for more than 750,000 deaths. The occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 has been reported to be as high as 43%. This is comparable to AKI in other forms of pneumonia requiring hospitalization, as well as in non-infectious conditions like cardiac surgery. The impact of AKI on COVID-19 outcomes is difficult to assess at present but, similar to other forms of sepsis, AKI is strongly associated with hospital mortality. Indeed, mortality is reported to be very low in COVID-19 patients without AKI. Given that AKI contributes to fluid and acid-base imbalances, compromises immune response and may impair resolution of inflammation, it seems likely that AKI contributes to mortality in these patients. The pathophysiologic mechanisms of AKI in COVID-19 are thought to be multifactorial including systemic immune and inflammatory responses induced by viral infection, systemic tissue hypoxia, reduced renal perfusion, endothelial damage and direct epithelial infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. Mitochondria play a central role in the metabolic deregulation in the adaptive response to the systemic inflammation and are also found to be vital in response to both direct viral damage and tissue reperfusion. These stress conditions are associated with increased glycolysis and reduced fatty acid oxidation. Thus, there is a strong rationale to target AKI for therapy in COVID-19. Furthermore, many approaches that have been developed for other etiologies of AKI such as sepsis, inflammation and ischemia-reperfusion, have relevance in the treatment of COVID-19 AKI and could be rapidly pivoted to this new disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Kellum
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Critical Care Nephology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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25
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Liu X, Yuan P, Sun X, Chen Z. Hydroxycitric Acid Inhibits Renal Calcium Oxalate Deposition by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. Curr Mol Med 2020; 20:527-535. [PMID: 31902360 DOI: 10.2174/1566524020666200103141116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective:
The study aimed to evaluate the preventive effects of hydroxycitric
acid(HCA) for stone formation in the glyoxylate-induced mouse model.
Materials and methods:
Male C57BL/6J mice were divided into a control group,
glyoxylate(GOX) 100 mg/kg group, a GOX+HCA 100 mg/kg group, and a GOX+HCA
200 mg/kg group. Blood samples and kidney samples were collected on the eighth day
of the experiment. We used Pizzolato staining and a polarized light microscope to
examine crystal formation and evaluated oxidative stress via the levels of
malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase
(GSH-Px). Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was
used to detect the expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1(MCP-1), nuclear
factor-kappa B (NF κ B), interleukin-1 β (IL-1 β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) messenger RNA
(mRNA). The expression of osteopontin (OPN) and a cluster of differentiation-44(CD44)
were detected by immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR. In addition, periodic acid Schiff
(PAS) staining and TUNEL assay were used to evaluate renal tubular injury and
apoptosis.
Results:
HCA treatment could reduce markers of renal impairment (Blood Urea
Nitrogen and serum creatinine). There was significantly less calcium oxalate crystal
deposition in mice treated with HCA. Calcium oxalate crystals induced the production of
reactive oxygen species and reduced the activity of antioxidant defense enzymes. HCA
attenuated oxidative stress induced by calcium oxalate crystallization. HCA had
inhibitory effects on calcium oxalate-induced inflammatory cytokines, such as MCP-1, IL-
1 β, and IL-6. In addition, HCA alleviated tubular injury and apoptosis caused by calcium
oxalate crystals.
Conclusion:
HCA inhibits renal injury and calcium oxalate crystal deposition in the
glyoxylate-induced mouse model through antioxidation and anti-inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Yuan
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xifeng Sun
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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26
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An Inhibitor of DRP1 (Mdivi-1) Alleviates LPS-Induced Septic AKI by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2398420. [PMID: 32733934 PMCID: PMC7369665 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2398420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria play an essential role in energy metabolism. Oxygen deprivation can poison cells and generate a chain reaction due to the free radical release. In patients with sepsis, the kidneys tend to be the organ primarily affected and the proximal renal tubules are highly susceptible to energy metabolism imbalances. Dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) is an essential regulator of mitochondrial fission. Few studies have confirmed the role and mechanism of DRP1 in acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by sepsis. We established animal and cell sepsis-induced AKI (S-AKI) models to keep DRP1 expression high. We found that Mdivi-1, a DRP1 inhibitor, can reduce the activation of the NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis pathway and improve mitochondrial function. Both S-AKI models showed that Mdivi-1 was able to prevent the mitochondrial content release and decrease the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins. In addition, silencing NLRP3 gene expression further emphasized the pyroptosis importance in S-AKI occurrence. Our results indicate that the possible mechanism of action of Mdivi-1 is to inhibit mitochondrial fission and protect mitochondrial function, thereby reducing pyroptosis. These data can provide a potential theoretical basis for Mdivi-1 potential use in the S-AKI prevention.
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27
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Ansermet C, Centeno G, Lagarrigue S, Nikolaeva S, Yoshihara HA, Pradervand S, Barras J, Dattner N, Rotman S, Amati F, Firsov D. Renal tubular arginase-2 participates in the formation of the corticomedullary urea gradient and attenuates kidney damage in ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2020; 229:e13457. [PMID: 32072766 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM Arginase 2 (ARG2) is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyses hydrolysis of l-arginine into urea and l-ornithine. In the kidney, ARG2 is localized to the S3 segment of the proximal tubule. It has been shown that expression and activity of this enzyme are upregulated in a variety of renal pathologies, including ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. However, the (patho)physiological role of ARG2 in the renal tubule remains largely unknown. METHODS We addressed this question in mice with conditional knockout of Arg2 in renal tubular cells (Arg2lox/lox /Pax8-rtTA/LC1 or, cKO mice). RESULTS We demonstrate that cKO mice exhibit impaired urea concentration and osmolality gradients along the corticomedullary axis. In a model of unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury (UIRI) with an intact contralateral kidney, ischemia followed by 24 hours of reperfusion resulted in significantly more pronounced histological damage in ischemic kidneys from cKO mice compared to control and sham-operated mice. In parallel, UIRI-subjected cKO mice exhibited a broad range of renal functional abnormalities, including albuminuria and aminoaciduria. Fourteen days after UIRI, the cKO mice exhibited complex phenotype characterized by significantly lower body weight, increased plasma levels of early predictive markers of kidney disease progression (asymmetric dimethylarginine and symmetric dimethylarginine), impaired mitochondrial function in the ischemic kidney but no difference in kidney fibrosis as compared to control mice. CONCLUSION Collectively, these results establish the role of ARG2 in the formation of corticomedullary urea and osmolality gradients and suggest that this enzyme attenuates kidney damage in ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Ansermet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Gabriel Centeno
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Sylviane Lagarrigue
- Department of Physiology & Institute of Sport Sciences University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Svetlana Nikolaeva
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
- Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry St‐Petersburg Russia
| | - Hikari A. Yoshihara
- Institute of Physics Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Sylvain Pradervand
- Genomic Technologies Facility University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jean‐Luc Barras
- Service of Clinical Pathology Lausanne University Hospital Institute of Pathology Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Dattner
- Service of Clinical Pathology Lausanne University Hospital Institute of Pathology Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Samuel Rotman
- Service of Clinical Pathology Lausanne University Hospital Institute of Pathology Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Francesca Amati
- Department of Physiology & Institute of Sport Sciences University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Dmitri Firsov
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
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28
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Briones-Herrera A, Ramírez-Camacho I, Zazueta C, Tapia E, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Altered proximal tubule fatty acid utilization, mitophagy, fission and supercomplexes arrangement in experimental Fanconi syndrome are ameliorated by sulforaphane-induced mitochondrial biogenesis. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 153:54-70. [PMID: 32315768 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The kidney proximal tubule function relies on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), thus mitochondrial dysfunction is characteristic of acute kidney injury (AKI). Maleic acid (MA) can induce an experimental model of Fanconi syndrome that is associated to oxidative stress and decreased oxygen consumption. Sulforaphane (SF) is an antioxidant known to protect against MA-induced AKI. The molecular basis by which SF maintains the bioenergetics in MA-induced AKI is not fully understood. To achieve it, rats were submitted to a protective scheme: SF (1 mg/kg/day i.p.) for four days and, at the fourth day, they received a single dose of MA (400 mg/kg i.p.), getting four main experimental groups: (1) control (CT), (2) MA-nephropathy (MA), (3) SF-protected and (4) SF-control (SF). Additionally, a similar protective schema was tested in cultured NRK-52E cells with different concentrations of SF and MA. In the animal model, SF prevented the MA-induced alterations: decrease in fatty acid-related oxygen consumption rate, OXPHOS capacity, mitochondrial membrane potential (Ψmt), and the activity of complex I (CI) as its monomeric and supercomplexes forms; the antioxidant also increased the activity of cytochrome c oxidase as well as mitochondrial biogenesis markers. Thus, SF prevented the MA-induced increase in fission, mitophagy and autophagy markers. In NRK-52E cells, we found that SF prevented the MA-induced cell death, increased mitochondrial mass and ameliorated the loss of Ψmt. We concluded that SF-induced biogenesis protects against mitochondrial dysfunction maintaining Ψmt, activities of mitochondrial complexes and supercomplexes, and prevents the extensive fission and mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Briones-Herrera
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
| | - Ixchel Ramírez-Camacho
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| | - Cecilia Zazueta
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| | - Edilia Tapia
- Department of Cardio-Renal Pathophysiology, National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, 04510, Mexico.
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29
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Li Q, Huang Y. Mitochondrial targeted strategies and their
application for cancer and other diseases treatment. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-020-00481-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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30
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Zhu DJ, Liao XH, Huang WQ, Sun H, Zhang L, Liu Q. Augmenter of Liver Regeneration Protects Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells From Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Promoting PINK1/Parkin-Mediated Mitophagy. Front Physiol 2020; 11:178. [PMID: 32231587 PMCID: PMC7082309 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) is the most common cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) and can induce apoptosis in renal epithelial tubule cells. Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the main reasons for I/R-induced apoptosis. Accumulating evidence suggests that PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy possibly plays a renoprotective role in kidney disease by removing impaired mitochondria and preserving a healthy population of mitochondria. Our previous study showed that augmenter of liver regeneration (ALR) alleviates tubular epithelial cells apoptosis in rats with AKI, although the specific mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of ALR in I/R-induced mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. We knocked down ALR with short hairpin RNA lentiviral and established an I/R model in human kidney proximal tubular (HK-2) cells in vitro. We observed that the knockdown of ALR aggravated mitochondrial dysfunction and increased the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, leading to an increase in cell apoptosis via inhibition of mitophagy. We also found that the PINK1/Parkin pathway was activated by I/R via confocal microscopy and Western blot. Furthermore, the knockdown of ALR suppressed the activation of PINK1 and Parkin. These findings collectively indicate that ALR may protect HK-2 cells from I/R injury by promoting mitophagy, and the mechanism by which ALR regulates mitophagy seems to be related to PINK1 and Parkin. Consequently, ALR may be used as a potential therapeutic agent for AKI in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ju Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Liao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen-Qi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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31
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Jang HS, Noh MR, Kim J, Padanilam BJ. Defective Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation and Lipotoxicity in Kidney Diseases. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:65. [PMID: 32226789 PMCID: PMC7080698 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The kidney is a highly metabolic organ and uses high levels of ATP to maintain electrolyte and acid-base homeostasis and reabsorb nutrients. Energy depletion is a critical factor in development and progression of various kidney diseases including acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and diabetic and glomerular nephropathy. Mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) serves as the preferred source of ATP in the kidney and its dysfunction results in ATP depletion and lipotoxicity to elicit tubular injury and inflammation and subsequent fibrosis progression. This review explores the current state of knowledge on the role of mitochondrial FAO dysfunction in the pathophysiology of kidney diseases including AKI and CKD and prospective views on developing therapeutic interventions based on mitochondrial energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Seong Jang
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Mi Ra Noh
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Jinu Kim
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States.,Department of Anatomy, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Babu J Padanilam
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States.,Internal Medicine, Section of Nephrology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
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32
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Domondon M, Polina I, Nikiforova AB, Sultanova RF, Kruger C, Vasileva VY, Fomin MV, Beeson GC, Nieminen AL, Smythe N, Maldonado EN, Stadler K, Ilatovskaya DV. Renal Glomerular Mitochondria Function in Salt-Sensitive Hypertension. Front Physiol 2020; 10:1588. [PMID: 32116733 PMCID: PMC7010849 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt-sensitive (SS) hypertension is accompanied with an early onset of proteinuria, which results from the loss of glomerular podocytes. Here, we hypothesized that glomerular damage in the SS hypertension occurs in part due to mitochondria dysfunction, and we used a unique model of freshly isolated glomeruli to test this hypothesis. In order to mimic SS hypertension, we used Dahl SS rats, an established animal model. Animals were fed a 0.4% NaCl (normal salt, NS) diet or challenged with a high salt (HS) 4% NaCl diet for 21 days to induce an increase in blood pressure (BP). Similar to previous studies, we found that HS diet caused renal hypertrophy, increased BP, glomerulosclerosis, and renal lesions such as fibrosis and protein casts. We did not observe changes in mitochondrial biogenesis in the renal cortex or isolated glomeruli fractions. However, Seahorse assay performed on freshly isolated glomeruli revealed that basal mitochondrial respiration, maximal respiration, and spare respiratory capacity were lower in the HS compared to the NS group. Using confocal imaging and staining for mitochondrial H2O2 using mitoPY1, we detected an intensified response to an acute H2O2 application in the podocytes of the glomeruli isolated from the HS diet fed group. TEM analysis showed that glomerular mitochondria from the HS diet fed group have structural abnormalities (swelling, enlargement, less defined cristae). Therefore, we report that glomerular mitochondria in SS hypertension are functionally and structurally defective, and this impairment could eventually lead to loss of podocytes and proteinuria. Thus, the glomerular–mitochondria axis can be targeted in novel treatment strategies for hypertensive glomerulosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Domondon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Iuliia Polina
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Anna B Nikiforova
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.,Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Regina F Sultanova
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.,Saint-Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Claudia Kruger
- Oxidative Stress and Disease Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Valeriia Y Vasileva
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.,Institute of Cytology Russian Academy of Science, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail V Fomin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Gyda C Beeson
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Anna-Liisa Nieminen
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Nancy Smythe
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Eduardo N Maldonado
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Krisztian Stadler
- Oxidative Stress and Disease Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Daria V Ilatovskaya
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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33
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The Predictive Role of the Biomarker Kidney Molecule-1 (KIM-1) in Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20205238. [PMID: 31652595 PMCID: PMC6834366 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) following platinum-based chemotherapeutics is a frequently reported serious side-effect. However, there are no approved biomarkers that can properly identify proximal tubular injury while routine assessments such as serum creatinine lack sensitivity. Kidney-injury-molecule 1 (KIM-1) is showing promise in identifying cisplatin-induced renal injury both in vitro and in vivo studies. In this review, we focus on describing the mechanisms of renal tubular cells cisplatin-induced apoptosis, the associated inflammatory response and oxidative stress and the role of KIM-1 as a possible biomarker used to predict cisplatin associated AKI.
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34
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Wu L, Li Q, Liu S, An X, Huang Z, Zhang B, Yuan Y, Xing C. Protective effect of hyperoside against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury via modulating mitochondrial fission, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:727-736. [PMID: 31130024 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1623883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (IR) is a common cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). However, effective therapies for IR-induced AKI are lacking. Hyperoside is an active constituent in the flowers of Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medic, which is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of various ischemic brain and heart diseases. Our previous study demonstrated that hyperoside inhibited adriamycin induced podocyte injury both in vivo and in vitro. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of hyperoside in IR-induced AKI. In mice, pretreatment of hyperoside could markedly attenuate IR-induced AKI, tubular cell apoptosis, and oxidative stress in the kidneys. Meanwhile, we found hyperoside inhibited IR-induced mitochondrial fission by suppressing OMA1 mediated proteolysis of optic atrophy 1 (OPA1). Consistently, in human proximal tubular epithelial cells, hyperoside might inhibit CoCl2-induced mitochondrial fission, oxidative stress, and apoptosis by regulating OMA1-OPA1 axis. Taken together, our results support the idea that OMA1-OPA1 mediated mitochondrial fission can be used for the prevention of AKI. Hyperoside might have novel therapeutic potential in the treatment of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wu
- a Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Qing Li
- a Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Simeng Liu
- a Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Xiaofei An
- b Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Zhimin Huang
- a Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Bo Zhang
- a Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Yanggang Yuan
- a Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Changying Xing
- a Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital , Nanjing , PR China
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35
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Liu Z, Li H, Su J, Xu S, Zhu F, Ai J, Hu Z, Zhou M, Tian J, Su Z, Yang P, Nie J. Numb Depletion Promotes Drp1-Mediated Mitochondrial Fission and Exacerbates Mitochondrial Fragmentation and Dysfunction in Acute Kidney Injury. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:1797-1816. [PMID: 29890853 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Mitochondrial fragmentation is a crucial mechanism contributing to tubular cell apoptosis during acute kidney injury (AKI). However, the mechanism of modulating mitochondrial dynamics during AKI remains unclear. Numb is a multifunction adaptor protein that is expressed in renal tubules. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of Numb in mitochondrial dysfunction during AKI. RESULTS The expression of Numb was upregulated in both ischemia-reperfusion- and cisplatin-induced AKI. Depletion of Numb from proximal tubules (PT-Nb-KO) exacerbated AKI shown as more severe renal tubular damage and higher serum creatinine than wild-type mice. Numb depletion alone significantly increased mitochondrial fragmentation without altering mitochondrial mass and function, including adenosine triphosphate production, mitochondrial membrane potential, oxygen consumption, and reactive oxygen species production. However, mitochondrial fragmentation and dysfunction were significantly aggravated after cisplatin exposure in PT-Nb-KO mice. Mechanistically, Numb depletion triggered dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) recruitment to mitochondria by increasing the phosphorylation of Drp1 at serine 656 residue (human Drp1 ser637). Inhibiting the activity of Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase (ROCK) by Y-27632 attenuated phosphorylation of Drp1 ser656 and mitochondrial fragmentation in Numb-deficient cells. Administration of mdivi-1, a pharmacological inhibitor of Drp1, restored mitochondrial morphology, attenuated cisplatin-induced tubular injury, and renal dysfunction in PT-Nb-KO mice. Innovation and Conclusion: Our data suggest that Numb depletion promotes mitochondrial fragmentation by promoting the phosphorylation of Drp1 Ser637 and thus exacerbates cisplatin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and tubular cell apoptosis. These findings add a novel insight into modulating mechanism of mitochondrial dynamics during AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqun Su
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengxin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Miaomiao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiliang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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36
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Gottwald EM, Duss M, Bugarski M, Haenni D, Schuh CD, Landau EM, Hall AM. The targeted anti-oxidant MitoQ causes mitochondrial swelling and depolarization in kidney tissue. Physiol Rep 2019; 6:e13667. [PMID: 29611340 PMCID: PMC5880956 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney proximal tubules (PTs) contain a high density of mitochondria, which are required to generate ATP to power solute transport. Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous kidney diseases. Damaged mitochondria are thought to produce excess reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can lead to oxidative stress and activation of cell death pathways. MitoQ is a mitochondrial targeted anti‐oxidant that has shown promise in preclinical models of renal diseases. However, recent studies in nonkidney cells have suggested that MitoQ might also have adverse effects. Here, using a live imaging approach, and both in vitro and ex vivo models, we show that MitoQ induces rapid swelling and depolarization of mitochondria in PT cells, but these effects were not observed with SS‐31, another targeted anti‐oxidant. MitoQ consists of a lipophilic cation (Tetraphenylphosphonium [TPP]) joined to an anti‐oxidant component (quinone) by a 10‐carbon alkyl chain, which is thought to insert into the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM). We found that mitochondrial swelling and depolarization was also induced by dodecyltriphenylphosphomium (DTPP), which consists of TPP and the alkyl chain, but not by TPP alone. Surprisingly, MitoQ‐induced mitochondrial swelling occurred in the absence of a decrease in oxygen consumption rate. We also found that DTPP directly increased the permeability of artificial liposomes with a cardiolipin content similar to that of the IMM. In summary, MitoQ causes mitochondrial swelling and depolarization in PT cells by a mechanism unrelated to anti‐oxidant activity, most likely because of increased IMM permeability due to insertion of the alkyl chain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Duss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Milica Bugarski
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Haenni
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Center for Microscopy and Image Analysis, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claus D Schuh
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ehud M Landau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrew M Hall
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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37
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van Smaalen TC, Ellis SR, Mascini NE, Siegel TP, Cillero-Pastor B, Hillen LM, van Heurn LWE, Peutz-Kootstra CJ, Heeren RMA. Rapid Identification of Ischemic Injury in Renal Tissue by Mass-Spectrometry Imaging. Anal Chem 2019; 91:3575-3581. [PMID: 30702282 PMCID: PMC6581420 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The increasing analytical speed of mass-spectrometry imaging (MSI) has led to growing interest in the medical field. Acute kidney injury is a severe disease with high morbidity and mortality. No reliable cut-offs are known to estimate the severity of acute kidney injury. Thus, there is a need for new tools to rapidly and accurately assess acute ischemia, which is of clinical importance in intensive care and in kidney transplantation. We investigated the value of MSI to assess acute ischemic kidney tissue in a porcine model. A perfusion model was developed where paired kidneys received warm (severe) or cold (minor) ischemia ( n = 8 per group). First, ischemic tissue damage was systematically assessed by two blinded pathologists. Second, MALDI-MSI of kidney tissues was performed to study the spatial distributions and compositions of lipids in the tissues. Histopathological examination revealed no significant difference between kidneys, whereas MALDI-MSI was capable of a detailed discrimination of severe and mild ischemia by differential expression of characteristic lipid-degradation products throughout the tissue within 2 h. In particular, lysolipids, including lysocardiolipins, lysophosphatidylcholines, and lysophosphatidylinositol, were dramatically elevated after severe ischemia. This study demonstrates the significant potential of MSI to differentiate and identify molecular patterns of early ischemic injury in a clinically acceptable time frame. The observed changes highlight the underlying biochemical processes of acute ischemic kidney injury and provide a molecular classification tool that can be deployed in assessment of acute ischemic kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. C. van Smaalen
- Department
of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical
Center+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - S. R. Ellis
- The
Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division
of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht
University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - N. E. Mascini
- The
Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division
of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht
University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - T. Porta Siegel
- The
Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division
of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht
University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - B. Cillero-Pastor
- The
Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division
of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht
University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - L. M. Hillen
- Department
of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
- GROW-School
for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - L. W. E. van Heurn
- Department
of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical
Center+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - C. J. Peutz-Kootstra
- Department
of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - R. M. A. Heeren
- The
Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division
of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht
University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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38
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How Acute Kidney Injury Contributes to Renal Fibrosis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1165:117-142. [PMID: 31399964 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8871-2_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a widespread clinical syndrome directly associated with patient short-term and long-term morbidity and mortality. During the last decade, the incidence rate of AKI has been increasing, the repeated and severe episodes of AKI have been recognized as a major risk factor chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESRD) leading to global disease burden. Proposed pathological processes and risk factors that add to the transition of AKI to CKD and ESRD include severity and frequency of kidney injury, older age, gender, genetics and chronic health conditions like diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. Therefore, there is a great interest in learning about the mechanism of AKI leading to renal fibrosis, the ultimate renal lesions of CKD. Over the last several years, a significant attention has been given to the field of renal fibrosis with impressive progression in knowing the mechanism of renal fibrosis to detailed cellular characterization and molecular pathways implicated in tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Research and clinical trial are underway for emerging biomarkers detecting early kidney injury, predicting kidney disease progression and developing strategies to efficiently treat AKI and to minimize AKI progression to CKD and ESRD. Specific interventions to prevent renal fibrosis are still experimental. Potential therapeutic advances based on those molecular mechanisms will hopefully offer promising insights into the development of new therapeutic interventions for patients in the near future.
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39
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Martin JL, Gruszczyk AV, Beach TE, Murphy MP, Saeb-Parsy K. Mitochondrial mechanisms and therapeutics in ischaemia reperfusion injury. Pediatr Nephrol 2019; 34:1167-1174. [PMID: 29860579 PMCID: PMC6366561 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-018-3984-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a major problem in critically unwell children and young adults. Ischaemia reperfusion (IR) injury is a major contributor to the development of AKI in a significant proportion of these cases and mitochondria are increasingly recognised as being central to this process through generation of a burst of reactive oxygen species early in reperfusion. Mitochondria have additionally been shown to have key roles in downstream processes including activation of the immune response, immunomodulation, and apoptosis and necrosis. The recognition of the central role of mitochondria in IR injury and an increased understanding of the pathophysiology that undermines these processes has resulted in identification of novel therapeutic targets and potential biomarkers. This review summarises a variety of therapeutic approaches that are currently under exploration and may have potential in ameliorating AKI in children in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack L Martin
- Department of Surgery and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Anja V Gruszczyk
- Department of Surgery and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Timothy E Beach
- Department of Surgery and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK
| | - Michael P Murphy
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Kourosh Saeb-Parsy
- Department of Surgery and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK.
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40
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Qin N, Cai T, Ke Q, Yuan Q, Luo J, Mao X, Jiang L, Cao H, Wen P, Zen K, Zhou Y, Yang J. UCP2-dependent improvement of mitochondrial dynamics protects against acute kidney injury. J Pathol 2018; 247:392-405. [PMID: 30426490 DOI: 10.1002/path.5198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a public health concern, with high morbidity and mortality rates in hospitalized patients and because survivors have an increased risk of progression to chronic kidney disease. Mitochondrial damage is the critical driver of AKI-associated dysfunction and loss of tubular epithelial cells; however, the pathways that mediate these events are poorly defined. Here, in murine ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced AKI, we determined that mitochondrial damage is associated with the level of renal uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2). In hypoxia-damaged proximal tubular cells, a disruption of mitochondrial dynamics demonstrated by mitochondrial fragmentation and disturbance between fusion and fission was clearly indicated. Ucp2-deficient mice (knockout mice) with I/R injury experienced more severe AKI and mitochondrial fragmentation than wild-type mice. Moreover, genetic or pharmacological treatment increased UCP2 expression, improved renal function, reduced tubular injury and limited mitochondrial fission. In cultured proximal tubular epithelial cells, hypoxia-induced mitochondrial fission was exacerbated in cells with UCP2 deletion, whereas an increase in UCP2 ameliorated the hypoxia-induced disturbance of the balance between mitochondrial fusion and fission. Furthermore, results following modulation of UCP2 suggested it has a role in preserving mitochondrial integrity by preventing loss of membrane potential and reducing subsequent mitophagy. Taken together, our results indicate that UCP2 is protective against AKI and suggest that enhancing UCP2 to improve mitochondrial dynamics has potential as a strategy for improving outcomes of renal injury. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Qin
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Ting Cai
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Qingqing Ke
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Qi Yuan
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Jing Luo
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Mao
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Hongdi Cao
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Ping Wen
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Ke Zen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Advanced Institute of Life Sciences, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Junwei Yang
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
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41
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Yu X, Meng X, Xu M, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Ding G, Huang S, Zhang A, Jia Z. Celastrol ameliorates cisplatin nephrotoxicity by inhibiting NF-κB and improving mitochondrial function. EBioMedicine 2018; 36:266-280. [PMID: 30268831 PMCID: PMC6197337 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Celastrol is an active ingredient of Chinese medicine Tripterygium wilfordii which is clinically used to treat the immune diseases. Currently, celastrol is documented as a potent agent for treating cancer and inflammatory disorders. This study was to investigate the effect of celastrol on cisplatin nephrotoxicity and the underlying mechanism. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were treated with cisplatin (20 mg/kg) with or without celastrol treatment (1 and 2 mg/kg/day). In vitro, human proximal tubule epithelial cell line (HK-2) and mouse renal tubule epithelial cells (RTECs) were treated with cisplatin (5 μg/mL) with or without celastrol administration. Then renal injury and cell damage were evaluated. FINDINGS In vivo, after celastrol treatment, cisplatin-induced kidney injury was significantly ameliorated as shown by the improvement of renal function (BUN, serum creatinine, and cystatin C), kidney morphology (PAS staining) and oxidative stress (MDA) and the suppression of renal tubular injury markers of KIM-1 and NGAL. Meanwhile, the renal apoptosis and inflammation induced by cisplatin were also strikingly attenuated in celastrol-treated mice. In vitro, celastrol treatment markedly inhibited cisplatin-induced renal tubular cell apoptosis, suppressed NF-κB activation, and improved mitochondrial function evidenced by the restored mtDNA copy number, mitochondrial membrane potential, and OXPHOS activity in cisplatin-treated renal tubular epithelial cells. INTERPRETATION This work suggested that celastrol could protect against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury possibly through suppressing NF-κB and improving mitochondrial function. FUND: The National Natural Science Foundation of China, National Key Research and Development Program, and Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210008, PR China; Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xia Meng
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210008, PR China; Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Man Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210008, PR China; Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xuejuan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210008, PR China; Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210008, PR China; Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Guixia Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210008, PR China; Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Songming Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210008, PR China; Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210008, PR China; Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210008, PR China; Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
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Zhao M, Zhou Y, Liu S, Li L, Chen Y, Cheng J, Lu Y, Liu J. Control release of mitochondria-targeted antioxidant by injectable self-assembling peptide hydrogel ameliorated persistent mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation after acute kidney injury. Drug Deliv 2018; 25:546-554. [PMID: 29451033 PMCID: PMC6058479 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1440445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Persistent mitochondrial injury occurs after acute kidney injury (AKI) and mitochondria-targeted antioxidant Mito-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (TEMPO) (MT) has shown benefits for AKI, but its efficiency is limited by short half-life and side effect in vivo. Self-assembling peptide (SAP) hydrogel is a robust platform for drug delivery. This study aims to develop an SAP-based carrier to slow release MT for enhancing its long-term therapeutic potency on AKI. The KLD with aspartic acid (KLDD) was designed. The microstructure and in vitro release of MT was assayed. The protective role of MT-loaded SAP (SAP-MT) hydrogel on renal mitochondrial injury, tubular apoptosis, and inflammation was evaluated in mice at five days after ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Our results showed that KLDD could self-assemble into cross-linked nanofiber hydrogel and it had lower release rate than free MT and KLD hydrogel. Compared to IRI and free MT mice, SAP-MT mice exerted reduced renal mitochondria-produced ROS (mtROS) and improved mitochondrial biogenesis and architecture. Consequently, SAP-MT mice showed less renal tubular cell apoptosis, kidney injury marker kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1) expression, lower level of pro-inflammatory factors expression, and macrophages infiltration than those of IRI and free MT mice. This study suggested that SAP-MT ameliorated IRI due to its extended mitochondrial protection role than free MT and thus improved the long-term outcomes of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhao
- a Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center , West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Yijie Zhou
- a Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center , West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- a Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center , West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Lan Li
- a Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center , West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Younan Chen
- a Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center , West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Jingqiu Cheng
- a Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center , West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Yanrong Lu
- a Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center , West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Jingping Liu
- a Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center , West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
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Liu BC, Tang TT, Lv LL, Lan HY. Renal tubule injury: a driving force toward chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 2018; 93:568-579. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2017.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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44
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Guo Y, Ni J, Chen S, Bai M, Lin J, Ding G, Zhang Y, Sun P, Jia Z, Huang S, Yang L, Zhang A. MicroRNA-709 Mediates Acute Tubular Injury through Effects on Mitochondrial Function. J Am Soc Nephrol 2018; 29:449-461. [PMID: 29042455 PMCID: PMC5791060 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2017040381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has important roles in the pathogenesis of AKI, yet therapeutic approaches to improve mitochondrial function remain limited. In this study, we investigated the pathogenic role of microRNA-709 (miR-709) in mediating mitochondrial impairment and tubular cell death in AKI. In a cisplatin-induced AKI mouse model and in biopsy samples of human AKI kidney tissue, miR-709 was significantly upregulated in the proximal tubular cells (PTCs). The expression of miR-709 in the renal PTCs of patients with AKI correlated with the severity of kidney injury. In cultured mouse PTCs, overexpression of miR-709 markedly induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cell apoptosis, and inhibition of miR-709 ameliorated cisplatin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cell injury. Further analyses showed that mitochondrial transcriptional factor A (TFAM) is a target gene of miR-709, and genetic restoration of TFAM attenuated mitochondrial dysfunction and cell injury induced by cisplatin or miR-709 overexpression in vitro Moreover, antagonizing miR-709 with an miR-709 antagomir dramatically attenuated cisplatin-induced kidney injury and mitochondrial dysfunction in mice. Collectively, our results suggest that miR-709 has an important role in mediating cisplatin-induced AKI via negative regulation of TFAM and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction. These findings reveal a pathogenic role of miR-709 in acute tubular injury and suggest a novel target for the treatment of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Guo
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiajia Ni
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mi Bai
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; and
| | - Jiajuan Lin
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guixia Ding
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pingping Sun
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; and
| | - Songming Huang
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Yang
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China;
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; and
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45
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Zhao C, Chen Z, Qi J, Duan S, Huang Z, Zhang C, Wu L, Zeng M, Zhang B, Wang N, Mao H, Zhang A, Xing C, Yuan Y. Drp1-dependent mitophagy protects against cisplatin-induced apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells by improving mitochondrial function. Oncotarget 2017; 8:20988-21000. [PMID: 28423497 PMCID: PMC5400560 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin chemotherapy often causes acute kidney injury (AKI) in cancer patients. There is increasing evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Degradation of damaged mitochondria is carried out by mitophagy. Although mitophagy is considered of particular importance in protecting against AKI, little is known of the precise role of mitophagy and its molecular mechanisms during cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Also, evidence that activation of mitophagy improved mitochondrial function is lacking. Furthermore, several evidences have shown that mitochondrial fission coordinates with mitophagy. The aim of this study was to investigate whether activation of mitophagy protects against mitochondrial dysfunction and renal proximal tubular cells injury during cisplatin treatment. The effect of mitochondrial fission on mitophagy was also investigated. In cultured human renal proximal tubular cells, we observed that 3-methyladenine, a pharmacological inhibitor of autophagy, blocked mitophagy and exacerbated cisplatin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cells injury. In contrast, autophagy activator rapamycin enhanced mitophagy and protected against the harmful effects of cisplatin on mitochondrial function and cells viability. Suppression of mitochondrial fission by knockdown of its main regulator dynamin-related protein-1 (Drp1) decreased cisplatin-induced mitophagy. Meanwhile, Drp1 suppression protected against cisplatin-induced cells injury by inhibiting mitochondrial dysfunction. Our results provide evidence that Drp1-depedent mitophagy has potential as renoprotective targets for the treatment of cisplatin-induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyan Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhuyun Chen
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Suyan Duan
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhimin Huang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengning Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Zeng
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ningning Wang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huijuan Mao
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Changying Xing
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanggang Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Liang X, Yang Y, Huang Z, Zhou J, Li Y, Zhong X. Panax notoginseng saponins mitigate cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity by inducing mitophagy via HIF-1α. Oncotarget 2017; 8:102989-103003. [PMID: 29262539 PMCID: PMC5732705 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the role of HIF-1α in the mitigation of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) in a rat model. Serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) levels were all elevated in cisplatin treated rats. PNS reduced Scr, BUN and NAG levels in the presence or absence of the HIF-1α inhibitor 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2). PNS also reduced the high tubular injury scores, which corresponded to renal tubular damage in cisplatin-treated rats and which were exacerbated by 2ME2. Renal tissues from PNS-treated rats showed increased HIF-1α mRNA and nuclear localized HIF-1α protein. Moreover, PNS treatment increased BNIP3 mRNA as well as LC3-II, BNIP3 and Beclin-1 proteins and the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio in rat renal tissues. This suggested that PNS treatment enhanced HIF-1α, which in turn increased autophagy. This was confirmed in transmission electron micrographs of renal tissues that showed autophagosomes in PNS-treated renal tissues. These findings demonstrate that PNS mitigates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by enhancing mitophagy via a HIF-1α/BNIP3/Beclin-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Liang
- Postgraduate, Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yufang Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhenguang Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinling Zhou
- Postgraduate, Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yue'e Li
- Postgraduate, Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaobin Zhong
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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de Seigneux S, Martin PY. Preventing the Progression of AKI to CKD: The Role of Mitochondria. J Am Soc Nephrol 2017; 28:1327-1329. [PMID: 28336720 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2017020146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie de Seigneux
- Service of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; and Laboratory of Nephrology, Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Yves Martin
- Service of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; and Laboratory of Nephrology, Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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48
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Keck F, Brooks-Faulconer T, Lark T, Ravishankar P, Bailey C, Salvador-Morales C, Narayanan A. Altered mitochondrial dynamics as a consequence of Venezuelan Equine encephalitis virus infection. Virulence 2017; 8:1849-1866. [PMID: 28075229 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2016.1276690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are sentinel organelles that are impacted by various forms of cellular stress, including viral infections. While signaling events associated with mitochondria, including those activated by pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), are widely studied, alterations in mitochondrial distribution and changes in mitochondrial dynamics are also beginning to be associated with cellular insult. Cells of neuronal origin have been demonstrated to display remarkable alterations in several instances, including neurodegenerative disorders. Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus (VEEV) is a New World alphavirus that infects neuronal cells and contributes to an encephalitic phenotype. We demonstrate that upon infection by the vaccine strain of VEEV (TC-83), astrocytoma cells experience a robust drop in mitochondrial activity, which corresponds with an increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in an infection-dependent manner. Infection status also corresponds with a prominent perinuclear accumulation of mitochondria. Cellular enzymatic machinery, including PINK1 and Parkin, appears to be enriched in mitochondrial fractions as compared with uninfected cells, which is indicative of mitochondrial damage. Dynamin related protein 1 (Drp1), a protein that is associated with mitochondrial fission, demonstrated a modest enrichment in mitochondrial fractions of infected cells. Treatment with an inhibitor of mitochondrial fission, Mdivi-1, led to a decrease in caspase cleavage, suggesting that mitochondrial fission was likely to contribute to apoptosis of infected cells. Finally, our data demonstrate that mitophagy ensues in infected cells. In combination, our data suggest that VEEV infection results in significant changes in the mitochondrial landscape that may influence pathological outcomes in the infected cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forrest Keck
- a National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University , Manassas , VA , USA
| | - Taryn Brooks-Faulconer
- a National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University , Manassas , VA , USA
| | - Tyler Lark
- a National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University , Manassas , VA , USA
| | | | - Charles Bailey
- a National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University , Manassas , VA , USA
| | | | - Aarthi Narayanan
- a National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University , Manassas , VA , USA
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49
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Klootwijk E, Dufek S, Issler N, Bockenhauer D, Kleta R. Pathophysiology, current treatments and future targets in hereditary forms of renal Fanconi syndrome. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2017.1259560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephanie Dufek
- Centre for Nephrology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Naomi Issler
- Centre for Nephrology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Robert Kleta
- Centre for Nephrology, University College London, London, UK
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