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Su L, Chen T, Hu H, Xu Z, Luan X, Fu K, Ren Y, Sun D, Sun Y, Guo D. Notch3 as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of ADPKD by regulating cell proliferation and renal cyst development. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 224:116200. [PMID: 38604258 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a common monogenic kidney disease. Emerging research indicates that the Notch signaling pathway plays an indispensable role in the pathogenesis of numerous kidney diseases, including ADPKD. Herein, we identified that Notch3 but not other Notch receptors was overexpressed in renal tissues from mice with ADPKD and ADPKD patients. Inhibiting Notch3 with γ-secretase inhibitors, which block a proteolytic cleavage required for Notch3 activation, or shRNA knockdown of Notch3 significantly delayed renal cyst growth in vitro and in vivo. Subsequent mechanistic study elucidated that the cleaved intracellular domain of Notch3 (N3ICD) and Hes1 could bind to the PTEN promoter, leading to transcriptional inhibition of PTEN. This further activated the downstream PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway and promoted renal epithelial cell proliferation. Overall, Notch3 was identified as a novel contributor to renal epithelial cell proliferation and cystogenesis in ADPKD. We envision that Notch3 represents a promising target for ADPKD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Su
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongtao Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zifan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiande Luan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kequan Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ying Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Dong Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China.
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2
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Martínez-Hernández SL, Muñoz-Ortega MH, Ávila-Blanco ME, Medina-Pizaño MY, Ventura-Juárez J. Novel Approaches in Chronic Renal Failure without Renal Replacement Therapy: A Review. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2828. [PMID: 37893201 PMCID: PMC10604533 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by renal parenchymal damage leading to a reduction in the glomerular filtration rate. The inflammatory response plays a pivotal role in the tissue damage contributing to renal failure. Current therapeutic options encompass dietary control, mineral salt regulation, and management of blood pressure, blood glucose, and fatty acid levels. However, they do not effectively halt the progression of renal damage. This review critically examines novel therapeutic avenues aimed at ameliorating inflammation, mitigating extracellular matrix accumulation, and fostering renal tissue regeneration in the context of CKD. Understanding the mechanisms sustaining a proinflammatory and profibrotic state may offer the potential for targeted pharmacological interventions. This, in turn, could pave the way for combination therapies capable of reversing renal damage in CKD. The non-replacement phase of CKD currently faces a dearth of efficacious therapeutic options. Future directions encompass exploring vaptans as diuretics to inhibit water absorption, investigating antifibrotic agents, antioxidants, and exploring regenerative treatment modalities, such as stem cell therapy and novel probiotics. Moreover, this review identifies pharmaceutical agents capable of mitigating renal parenchymal damage attributed to CKD, targeting molecular-level signaling pathways (TGF-β, Smad, and Nrf2) that predominate in the inflammatory processes of renal fibrogenic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Luz Martínez-Hernández
- Departamento de Microbiología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, Ags, Mexico
| | - Martín Humberto Muñoz-Ortega
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, Ags, Mexico
| | - Manuel Enrique Ávila-Blanco
- Departamento de Morfología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, Ags, Mexico
| | - Mariana Yazmin Medina-Pizaño
- Departamento de Morfología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, Ags, Mexico
| | - Javier Ventura-Juárez
- Departamento de Morfología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, Ags, Mexico
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3
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Dubin RF, Deo R, Ren Y, Wang J, Zheng Z, Shou H, Go AS, Parsa A, Lash JP, Rahman M, Hsu CY, Weir MR, Chen J, Anderson A, Grams ME, Surapaneni A, Coresh J, Li H, Kimmel PL, Vasan RS, Feldman H, Segal MR, Ganz P. Proteomics of CKD progression in the chronic renal insufficiency cohort. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6340. [PMID: 37816758 PMCID: PMC10564759 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41642-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) portends myriad complications, including kidney failure. In this study, we analyze associations of 4638 plasma proteins among 3235 participants of the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort Study with the primary outcome of 50% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate or kidney failure over 10 years. We validate key findings in the Atherosclerosis Risk in the Communities study. We identify 100 circulating proteins that are associated with the primary outcome after multivariable adjustment, using a Bonferroni statistical threshold of significance. Individual protein associations and biological pathway analyses highlight the roles of bone morphogenetic proteins, ephrin signaling, and prothrombin activation. A 65-protein risk model for the primary outcome has excellent discrimination (C-statistic[95%CI] 0.862 [0.835, 0.889]), and 14/65 proteins are druggable targets. Potentially causal associations for five proteins, to our knowledge not previously reported, are supported by Mendelian randomization: EGFL9, LRP-11, MXRA7, IL-1 sRII and ILT-2. Modifiable protein risk markers can guide therapeutic drug development aimed at slowing CKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth F Dubin
- Division of Nephrology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Rajat Deo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yue Ren
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jianqiao Wang
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zihe Zheng
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Haochang Shou
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alan S Go
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, the Department of Health Systems Science, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Afshin Parsa
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James P Lash
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mahboob Rahman
- Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Chi-Yuan Hsu
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, the Department of Health Systems Science, Oakland, CA, USA
- Division of Nephrology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matthew R Weir
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Amanda Anderson
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Morgan E Grams
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Precision Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aditya Surapaneni
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Precision Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Josef Coresh
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hongzhe Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul L Kimmel
- Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- University of Texas School of Public Health San Antonio and the University of Texas Health Sciences Center in San Antonio. Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Harold Feldman
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mark R Segal
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Peter Ganz
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Altered Expression of EMT-Related Factors Snail, Wnt4, and Notch2 in the Short-Term Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat Kidneys. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12101486. [PMID: 36294921 PMCID: PMC9605095 DOI: 10.3390/life12101486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to determine the expression of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related transcription factors Snail, Wnt4, and Notch2 with key roles in renal fibrosis, in different renal areas of diabetic rats: glomeruli (G), proximal and distal convoluted tubules (PCT; DCT). Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats were instilled with 55 mg/kg streptozotocin (diabetes mellitus type I model, DM group) or citrate buffer (control group). Kidney samples were collected 2 weeks and 2 months after DM induction and processed for immunohistochemistry. Results: Diabetic animals showed higher Wnt4 kidney expression both 2 weeks and 2 months post-DM induction, while Snail expression significantly increased only 2 weeks after DM initiation (p < 0.0001). We determined significantly higher expression of examined EMT-related genes in different kidney regions in diabetic animals compared with controls. The most substantial differences were observed in tubular epithelial cells in the period of 2 weeks after induction, with higher Snail and Wnt4 expression in PCT and increased Snail and Notch2 expression in DCT of diabetic animals (p < 0.0001; p < 0.001). Conclusion: The obtained results point to the EMT-related factors Snail, Wnt4, and Notch2 as a potential contributor to diabetic nephropathy development and progression. Changes in their expression, especially in PCT and DCT, could serve as diagnostic biomarkers for the early stages of DM and might be a promising novel therapeutic target in this condition.
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Zhang R, Zeng J, Deng Z, Yin G, Wang L, Tan J. PGC1 α plays a pivotal role in renal fibrosis via regulation of fatty acid metabolism in renal tissue. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 47:786-793. [PMID: 35837779 PMCID: PMC10930027 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2022.200953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common and irreversible pathological feature of end-stage renal disease caused by multiple etiologies. The role of inflammation in renal fibrosis tissue has been generally accepted. The latest view is that fatty acid metabolism disorder contributes to renal fibrosis. peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1α (PGC1α) plays a key role in fatty acid metabolism, regulating fatty acid uptake and oxidized protein synthesis, preventing the accumulation of lipid in the cytoplasm, and maintaining a dynamic balanced state of intracellular lipid. In multiple animal models of renal fibrosis caused by acute or chronic kidney disease, or even age-related kidney disease, almost all of the kidney specimens show the down-regulation of PGC1α. Upregulation of PGC1α can reduce the degree of renal fibrosis in animal models, and PGC1α knockout animals exhibit severe renal fibrosis. Studies have demonstrated that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), MAPK, Notch, tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), non-coding RNA (ncRNAs), liver kinase B1 (LKB1), hairy and enhancer of split 1 (Hes1), and other pathways regulate the expression of PGC1α and affect fatty acid metabolism. But some of these pathways interact with each other, and the effect of the integrated pathway on renal fibrosis is not clear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
| | - Jia Zeng
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Zhijun Deng
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Guangming Yin
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Jing Tan
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
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6
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Guo CL. Self-Sustained Regulation or Self-Perpetuating Dysregulation: ROS-dependent HIF-YAP-Notch Signaling as a Double-Edged Sword on Stem Cell Physiology and Tumorigenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:862791. [PMID: 35774228 PMCID: PMC9237464 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.862791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ development, homeostasis, and repair often rely on bidirectional, self-organized cell-niche interactions, through which cells select cell fate, such as stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. The niche contains multiplexed chemical and mechanical factors. How cells interpret niche structural information such as the 3D topology of organs and integrate with multiplexed mechano-chemical signals is an open and active research field. Among all the niche factors, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have recently gained growing interest. Once considered harmful, ROS are now recognized as an important niche factor in the regulation of tissue mechanics and topology through, for example, the HIF-YAP-Notch signaling pathways. These pathways are not only involved in the regulation of stem cell physiology but also associated with inflammation, neurological disorder, aging, tumorigenesis, and the regulation of the immune checkpoint molecule PD-L1. Positive feedback circuits have been identified in the interplay of ROS and HIF-YAP-Notch signaling, leading to the possibility that under aberrant conditions, self-organized, ROS-dependent physiological regulations can be switched to self-perpetuating dysregulation, making ROS a double-edged sword at the interface of stem cell physiology and tumorigenesis. In this review, we discuss the recent findings on how ROS and tissue mechanics affect YAP-HIF-Notch-PD-L1 signaling, hoping that the knowledge can be used to design strategies for stem cell-based and ROS-targeting therapy and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Lin Guo
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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7
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Li ZH, Guo XY, Quan XY, Yang C, Liu ZJ, Su HY, An N, Liu HF. The Role of Parietal Epithelial Cells in the Pathogenesis of Podocytopathy. Front Physiol 2022; 13:832772. [PMID: 35360248 PMCID: PMC8963495 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.832772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Podocytopathy is the most common feature of glomerular disorder characterized by podocyte injury- or dysfunction-induced excessive proteinuria, which ultimately develops into glomerulosclerosis and results in persistent loss of renal function. Due to the lack of self-renewal ability of podocytes, mild podocyte depletion triggers replacement and repair processes mostly driven by stem cells or resident parietal epithelial cells (PECs). In contrast, when podocyte recovery fails, activated PECs contribute to the establishment of glomerular lesions. Increasing evidence suggests that PECs, more than just bystanders, have a crucial role in various podocytopathies, including minimal change disease, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, membranous nephropathy, diabetic nephropathy, IgA nephropathy, and lupus podocytopathy. In this review, we attempt to dissect the diverse role of PECs in the pathogenesis of podocytopathy based on currently available information.
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8
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Pou Casellas C, Jansen K, Rookmaaker MB, Clevers H, Verhaar MC, Masereeuw R. Regulation of Solute Carriers OCT2 and OAT1/3 in the Kidney: A Phylogenetic, Ontogenetic and Cell Dynamic Perspective. Physiol Rev 2021; 102:993-1024. [PMID: 34486394 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00009.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the course of more than 500 million years, the kidneys have undergone a remarkable evolution from primitive nephric tubes to intricate filtration-reabsorption systems that maintain homeostasis and remove metabolic end products from the body. The evolutionarily conserved solute carriers Organic Cation Transporter 2 (OCT2), and Organic Anion Transporters 1 and 3 (OAT1/3) coordinate the active secretion of a broad range of endogenous and exogenous substances, many of which accumulate in the blood of patients with kidney failure despite dialysis. Harnessing OCT2 and OAT1/3 through functional preservation or regeneration could alleviate the progression of kidney disease. Additionally, it would improve current in vitro test models that lose their expression in culture. With this review, we explore OCT2 and OAT1/3 regulation using different perspectives: phylogenetic, ontogenetic and cell dynamic. Our aim is to identify possible molecular targets to both help prevent or compensate for the loss of transport activity in patients with kidney disease, and to enable endogenous OCT2 and OAT1/3 induction in vitro in order to develop better models for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Pou Casellas
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Hubrecht Institute - Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Katja Jansen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten B Rookmaaker
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Hans Clevers
- Hubrecht Institute - Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marianne C Verhaar
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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9
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Zhang H, Xing J, Zhao L. Lysine-specific demethylase 1 induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and promoted renal fibrosis through Jagged-1/Notch signaling pathway. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:S203-S214. [PMID: 34396798 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211038743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE TGF-β1-induced excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of tubular epithelial cells play critical roles in the progression of renal fibrosis. We are aimed to explore the effects of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) in TGF-β1-treated HK-2 cells and in rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), and to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS TGF-β1-treated HK-2 cells and UUO-treated rats were used to establish the model of renal fibrosis in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Protein expression of LSD1, E-cadherin, a-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA), Vimentin, Jagged-1, Notch-1 and Notch-2 were detected by Western blot. The concentrations of type I collagen (Col-I) and Fibronectin (FN) were measured by ELISA. Transwell assay were used to assess cell invasion. RESULTS LSD1 was dramatically increased in TGF-β1-stimulated HK-2 cells. Knockdown of LSD1 decreased the TGF-β1-induced secretion of Col-I and FN, and suppressed TGF-β1-induced expression of E-cadherin,α-SMA and Vimentin, while suppressed cell invasion. Consistent with the in vitro data, the severe histopathological damage, collagen deposition and reduced E-cadherin, increased α-SMA induced by UUO was abated by the knockdown of LSD1 in vivo. Moreover, knockdown of LSD1 suppressed TGF-β1-induced expression of Jagged-1, Notch-1 and Notch-2. Furthermore, we found that inhibition of Notch signaling by a γ-secretase inhibitor RO4929097 almost recapitulated the effects of LSD1 knockdown in TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells, and at least in part reversed the effects of LSD1 overexpression on EMT and ECM deposition in HK-2 cells. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, LSD1 significantly impact on the progression of TGF-β1-mediated EMT and ECM deposition in HK-2 cells, and it may represent novel target for the prevention strategies of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huali Zhang
- Gerontology Department, 586778Gansu Provincial Hospital of TCM, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiaming Xing
- Gerontology Department, 586778Gansu Provincial Hospital of TCM, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lingwei Zhao
- Nephrology Department, Sichuan Province Forestry Center Hospital, Chengdu, China
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10
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Zhou R, Liao J, Cai D, Tian Q, Huang E, Lü T, Chen SY, Xie WB. Nupr1 mediates renal fibrosis via activating fibroblast and promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21381. [PMID: 33617091 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000926rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) is a pathological process that fibrotic components are excessively deposited in the renal interstitial space due to kidney injury, resulting in impaired renal function and chronic kidney disease. The molecular mechanisms controlling renal fibrosis are not fully understood. In this present study, we identified Nuclear protein 1 (Nupr1), a transcription factor also called p8, as a novel regulator promoting renal fibrosis. Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) time-dependently induced Nupr1 mRNA and protein expression in mouse kidneys while causing renal damage and fibrosis. Nupr1 deficiency (Nupr1-/- ) attenuated the renal tubule dilatation, tubular epithelial cell atrophy, and interstitial collagen accumulation caused by UUO. Consistently, Nupr1-/- significantly decreased the expression of type I collagen, myofibroblast markers smooth muscle α-actin (α-SMA), fibroblast-specific protein 1 (FSP-1), and vimentin in mouse kidney that were upregulated by UUO. These results suggest that Nupr1 protein was essential for fibroblast activation and/or epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during renal fibrogenesis. Indeed, Nupr1 was indispensable for TGF-β-induced myofibroblast activation of kidney interstitial NRK-49F fibroblasts, multipotent mesenchymal C3H10T1/2 cells, and the EMT of kidney epithelial NRK-52E cells. It appears that Nupr1 mediated TGF-β-induced α-SMA expression and collagen synthesis by initiating Smad3 signaling pathway. Importantly, trifluoperazine (TFP), a Nupr1 inhibitor, alleviated UUO-induced renal fibrosis. Taken together, our results demonstrate that Nupr1 promotes renal fibrosis by activating myofibroblast transformation from both fibroblasts and tubular epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimei Zhou
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,Department of Surgery, Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Jiashun Liao
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Dunpeng Cai
- Department of Surgery, Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Qin Tian
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Enping Huang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Tianming Lü
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shi-You Chen
- Department of Surgery, Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Wei-Bing Xie
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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11
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Peired AJ, Lazzeri E, Guzzi F, Anders HJ, Romagnani P. From kidney injury to kidney cancer. Kidney Int 2021; 100:55-66. [PMID: 33794229 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies document strong associations between acute or chronic kidney injury and kidney tumors. However, whether these associations are linked by causation, and in which direction, is unclear. Accumulating data from basic and clinical research now shed light on this issue and prompt us to propose a new pathophysiological concept with immanent implications in the management of patients with kidney disease and patients with kidney tumors. As a central paradigm, this review proposes the mechanisms of kidney damage and repair that are active during acute kidney injury but also during persistent injuries in chronic kidney disease as triggers of DNA damage, promoting the expansion of (pre-)malignant cell clones. As renal progenitors have been identified by different studies as the cell of origin for several benign and malignant kidney tumors, we discuss how the different types of kidney tumors relate to renal progenitors at specific sites of injury and to germline or somatic mutations in distinct signaling pathways. We explain how known risk factors for kidney cancer rather represent risk factors for kidney injury as an upstream cause of cancer. Finally, we propose a new role for nephrologists in kidney cancer (i.e., the primary and secondary prevention and treatment of kidney injury to reduce incidence, prevalence, and recurrence of kidney cancer).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Julie Peired
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the Development of DE NOVO Therapies, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Lazzeri
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the Development of DE NOVO Therapies, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Guzzi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Division of Nephrology, Medizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IV, Ludwig Maximilian University Klinikum, Munich, Germany
| | - Paola Romagnani
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the Development of DE NOVO Therapies, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
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12
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Effects of HIF-1α on renal fibrosis in cisplatin-induced chronic kidney disease. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:1273-1288. [PMID: 33997886 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin (Cis) can cause chronic kidney disease (CKD) and promote renal fibrosis, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) can promote renal fibrosis in some kidney diseases, but its role in Cis-induced CKD is still unknown. Notch-1 is a recognized molecule that promotes renal fibrosis under pathological circumstances, and evidence shows that HIF-1α and Notch-1 are closely related to each other. In the present study, mice with HIF-1α gene knockout in proximal tubular cells (PTCs) (PT-HIF-1α-KO) were generated and treated with Cis to induce CKD. A human proximal tubular cell line (HK-2) and primary mouse PTCs were used for in vitro studies. The results showed that HIF-1α was increased in the kidneys of Cis-treated wild-type mice, accompanied by elevated Notch-1, Notch-1 intracellular domain (N1ICD), Hes-1 and renal fibrosis. However, these alterations were partially reversed in PT-HIF-1α-KO mice. Similar results were observed in HK-2 cells and primary mouse PTCs. In addition, treating the cells with Cis induced a marked interaction of HIF-1α and N1ICD. Further inhibiting Notch-1 significantly reduced cellular fibrogenesis but did not affect HIF-1α expression. The data suggested that HIF-1α could promote renal fibrosis in Cis-induced CKD by activating Notch-1 both transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally and that HIF-1α may serve as a potential therapeutic target for Cis-induced CKD.
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Liu L, Ma F, Hao Y, Yi Z, Yu X, Xu B, Wei C, Hu J. Integrative Informatics Analysis of Transcriptome and Identification of Interacted Genes in the Glomeruli and Tubules in CKD. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 7:615306. [PMID: 33644086 PMCID: PMC7906987 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.615306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a complex disease in which the renal function is compromised chronically. Many studies have indicated the crosstalk between the tubule and the glomerulus in CKD progression. However, our understanding of the interaction of tubular and glomerular injury remains incomplete. In this study, we applied a meta-analysis approach on the transcriptome of the tubules and glomeruli of CKD patients to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) signature. Functional analysis of pathways and Gene Ontology found that tubular DEGs were mainly involved in cell assembly and remodeling, glomerular DEGs in cell proliferation and apoptosis, and overlapping DEGs mainly in immune response. Correlation analysis was performed to identify the associated DEGs in the tubules and glomeruli. Secreted protein comparison and verification experiments indicated that WFDC2 from the tubule could downregulate PEX19 mRNA and protein levels at the glomeruli in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). This study revealed the distinctive pathways of the tubules and glomeruli and identified interacted genes during CKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Liu
- Department of Andrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Fuzhe Ma
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hao
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Zhengzi Yi
- Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Xiaoxia Yu
- Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Chengguo Wei
- Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jinghai Hu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
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14
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Kiełbasiński K, Peszek W, Grabarek BO, Boroń D, Wierzbik-Strońska M, Oplawski M. Effect of Salinomycin on Expression Pattern of Genes Associated with Apoptosis in Endometrial Cancer Cell Line. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 21:1269-1277. [PMID: 32400328 PMCID: PMC7604770 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200513074022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Salinomycin is part of a group of ionophore antibiotics characterized by an activity towards tumor cells. To this day, the mechanism through which salinomycin induces their apoptosis is not fully known yet. The goal of this study was to assess the expression pattern of genes and the proteins coded by them connected with the process of programmed cell death in an endometrial cancer cell Ishikawa culture exposed to salinomycin and compared to the control. Materials and Methods Analysis of the effect of salinomycin on Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells (ECACC 99040201) included a cytotoxicity MTT test (with a concentration range of 0.1-100 µM), assessment of the induction of apoptosis and necrosis by salinomycin at a concentration of 1 µM as well the assessment of the expression of the genes chosen in the microarray experiment (microarray HG-U 133A_2) and the proteins coded by them connected with apoptosis (RTqPCR, ELISA assay). The statistical significance level for all analyses carried out as part of this study was p<0.05. Results It was observed that salinomycin causes the death of about 50% of cells treated by it (50.74±0.80% of all cells) at a concentration of 1µM. The decrease in the number of living cells was determined directly after treatment of the cells with the drug (time 0). The average percent of late apoptotic cells was 1.65±0.24% and 0.57±0.01% for necrotic cells throughout the entire observation period. Discussion Microarray analysis indicated the following number of mRNA differentiating the culture depending on the time of incubation with the drug: H_12 vs C = 114 mRNA, H_8 vs C = 84 mRNA, H_48 vs. C = 27 mRNA, whereas 5 mRNAs were expressed differently at all times. During the whole incubation period of the cells with the drug, the following dependence of the expression profile of the analyzed transcripts was observed: Bax>p53>FASL>BIRC5>BCL2L. Conclusion The analysis carried out indicated that salinomycin, at a concentration of 1 µM, stopped the proliferation of 50% of endometrial cancer cells, mainly by inducing the apoptotic process of the cells. The molecular exponent of the induction of programmed cell death was an observed increase in the transcriptional activity of pro-apoptotic genes: Bax;p53;FASL and a decrease in the expression of anti-apoptotic genes: BCL2L2; BIRC5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Kiełbasiński
- Department of Obsterics and Gynaecology in Ruda Slaska, Medical University of Silesia, Ruda Slaska, Poland
| | - Wojciech Peszek
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Beniamin O Grabarek
- Department of Clinical Trials, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Krakow Branch, Kraków, Poland,Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Dariusz Boroń
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, Kraków, Poland,Department of Clinical Trials, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Krakow Branch, Kraków, Poland,Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology, Zabrze, Poland
| | | | - Marcin Oplawski
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, Kraków, Poland
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The Role of Notch3 Signaling in Kidney Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:1809408. [PMID: 33149805 PMCID: PMC7603621 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1809408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Notch receptors are transmembrane proteins that are members of the epidermal growth factor-like family. These receptors are widely expressed on the cell surface and are highly conserved. Binding to ligands on adjacent cells results in cleavage of these receptors, and their intracellular domains translocate into the nucleus, where target gene transcription is initiated. In the mammalian kidney, Notch receptors are activated during nephrogenesis and become silenced in the normal kidney after birth. Reactivation of Notch signaling in the adult kidney could be due to the genetic activation of Notch signaling or kidney injury. Notch3 is a mammalian heterodimeric transmembrane receptor in the Notch gene family. Notch3 activation is significantly increased in various glomerular diseases, renal tubulointerstitial diseases, glomerular sclerosis, and renal fibrosis and mediates disease occurrence and development. Here, we discuss numerous recently published papers describing the role of Notch3 signaling in kidney disease.
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16
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Yu G, Guo M, Zou J, Zhou X, Ma Y. The efficacy of taking traditional Chinese medicine orally in renal interstitial fibrosis: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e22181. [PMID: 32957343 PMCID: PMC7505365 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000022181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND By now, the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing. The development of various CKD is attributed to the continuous aggravation of renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) in the process of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Oral treatment of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is one of the therapies for RIF. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of TCM treatment RIF have been reported, but its effectiveness and safety have yet been systematically investigated. Therefore, through the systematic analysis and meta-analysis, our study will summarize the effectiveness and safety of oral treatment RIF of TCM, in order to provides scientific reference for clinical practice. METHODS This protocol follows Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Evaluation and Meta-Analysis. RCTs will be only selected. Such databases as the PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), Excerpt Medical Database (Embase), WanFan Data, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform will be searched from the inception to June, 2020 to collect the RCTs about taking TCM orally in treating RIF. The literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, data-extracted and the methodological quality evaluated will be performed independently by 2 reviewers. The clinical outcomes including renal function indices (Scr, BUN, 24-hour urinary protein quantity) and Indicators of RIF (TGF-β1, Notch1, Jagged-1). The risk of bias included in the RCTs will be evaluated by the bias risk assessment tool provided in the Cochrane System Evaluation Manual 5.1.0. Review Manager 5.3 provided by the Cochrane collaboration network will be used to process the data. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Some more targeted and practical results about the efficacy of taking TCM orally in RIF have been provided by our study. The available evidence suggests that the therapeutic effects of combining TCM with Western medicine therapies is much better for RIF than Western medicine therapies only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yu
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu
| | - Mao Guo
- Pain Clinic, The People's Hospital of Luzhou, Luzhou
| | - Junju Zou
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu
| | - Xiaotao Zhou
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu
| | - Yuerong Ma
- Pathology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Nie L, Liu Y, Zhang B, Zhao J. Application of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors in Renal Interstitial Fibrosis. KIDNEY DISEASES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 6:226-235. [PMID: 32903948 DOI: 10.1159/000505295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal interstitial fibrosis is characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins, which is a common feature of chronic kidney diseases. SUMMARY Increasing evidence has shown the aberrant expression of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in the development and progression of renal fibrosis, suggesting the possibility of utilizing HDAC inhibitor (HDACi) as therapeutics for renal fibrosis. Recent studies have successfully demonstrated the antifibrotic effects of HDACis in various animal models, which are associated with multiple signaling pathways including TGF-β signaling, EGRF signaling, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway, and JNK/Notch2 signaling. This review will focus on the utilization of HDACi as antifibrotic agents and its relative molecular mechanisms. KEY MESSAGES HDACis have shown promising results in antifibrotic therapy, and it is rational to anticipate that HDACis will improve clinical outcomes of renal fibrosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Nie
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology of Chongqing and Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology of Chongqing and Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology of Chongqing and Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jinghong Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology of Chongqing and Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
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Nishad R, Meshram P, Singh AK, Reddy GB, Pasupulati AK. Activation of Notch1 signaling in podocytes by glucose-derived AGEs contributes to proteinuria. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/1/e001203. [PMID: 32601154 PMCID: PMC7326296 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Previous studies have shown that AGEs contribute to glomerulosclerosis and proteinuria. Podocytes, terminally differentiated epithelial cells of the glomerulus and the critical component of the glomerular filtration barrier, express the receptor for AGEs (RAGE). Podocytes are susceptible to severe injury during DN. In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which AGEs contribute to podocyte injury. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Glucose-derived AGEs were prepared in vitro. Reactivation of Notch signaling was examined in AGE-treated human podocytes (in vitro) and glomeruli from AGE-injected mice (in vivo) by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, western blot analysis, ELISA and immunohistochemical staining. Further, the effects of AGEs on epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of podocytes and expression of fibrotic markers were evaluated. RESULTS Using human podocytes and a mouse model, we demonstrated that AGEs activate Notch1 signaling in podocytes and provoke EMT. Inhibition of RAGE and Notch1 by FPS-ZM1 (N-Benzyl-4-chloro-N-cyclohexylbenzamide) and DAPT (N-[N-(3,5-Difluorophenacetyl)-L-alanyl]-S-phenyl glycine t-butylester), respectively, abrogates AGE-induced Notch activation and EMT. Inhibition of RAGE and Notch1 prevents AGE-induced glomerular fibrosis, thickening of the glomerular basement membrane, foot process effacement, and proteinuria. Furthermore, kidney biopsy sections from people with DN revealed the accumulation of AGEs in the glomerulus with elevated RAGE expression and activated Notch signaling. CONCLUSION The data suggest that AGEs activate Notch signaling in the glomerular podocytes. Pharmacological inhibition of Notch signaling by DAPT ameliorates AGE-induced podocytopathy and fibrosis. Our observations suggest that AGE-induced Notch reactivation in mature podocytes could be a novel mechanism in glomerular disease and thus could represent a novel therapeutic target.
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Assmus AM, Mullins JJ, Brown CM, Mullins LJ. Cellular plasticity: A mechanism for homeostasis in the kidney. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2020; 229:e13447. [PMID: 31991057 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cellular plasticity is a topical subject with interest spanning a wide range of fields from developmental biology to regenerative medicine. Even the nomenclature is a subject of debate, and the underlying mechanisms are still under investigation. On top of injury repair, cell plasticity is a constant physiological process in adult organisms and tissues, in response to homeostatic challenges. In this review we discuss two examples of plasticity for the maintenance of homeostasis in the renal system-namely the renin-producing juxtaglomerular cells (JG cells) and cortical collecting duct (CCD) cells. JG cells show plasticity through recruitment mechanisms, answering the demand for an increase in renin production. In the CCD, cells appear to have the ability to transdifferentiate between principal and intercalated cells to help maintain the highly regulated solute transport levels of that segment. These two cases highlight the complexity of plasticity processes and the role they can play in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne M. Assmus
- The University of Edinburgh ‐ Cardiovascular Science (CVS) Queen's Medical Research Institute Edinburgh Scotland UK
| | - John J. Mullins
- The University of Edinburgh ‐ Cardiovascular Science (CVS) Queen's Medical Research Institute Edinburgh Scotland UK
| | - Cara M. Brown
- The University of Edinburgh ‐ Cardiovascular Science (CVS) Queen's Medical Research Institute Edinburgh Scotland UK
| | - Linda J. Mullins
- The University of Edinburgh ‐ Cardiovascular Science (CVS) Queen's Medical Research Institute Edinburgh Scotland UK
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20
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Hsu YC, Chang PJ, Tung CW, Shih YH, Ni WC, Li YC, Uto T, Shoyama Y, Ho C, Lin CL. De-Glycyrrhizinated Licorice Extract Attenuates High Glucose-Stimulated Renal Tubular Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition via Suppressing the Notch2 Signaling Pathway. Cells 2020; 9:cells9010125. [PMID: 31948095 PMCID: PMC7016866 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tubulointerstitial fibrosis is a major pathological hallmark of diabetic nephropathy. Increasing evidence has shown that epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of renal proximal tubular cells plays a crucial role in tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Herein, we aimed to elucidate the detailed mechanism of EMT in renal tubular cells under high glucose (HG) conditions, and to investigate the potential of licorice, a medicinal herb, to inhibit HG-induced EMT. Our results showed that renal tubular epithelial cells (normal rat kidney cell clone 52E; NRK-52E) exposed to HG resulted in EMT induction characterized by increased fibronectin and α-SMA (alpha-smooth muscle actin) but decreased E-cadherin. Elevated levels of cleaved Notch2, MAML-1 (mastermind-like transcriptional coactivator 1), nicastrin, Jagged-1 and Delta-like 1 were also concomitantly detected in HG-cultured cells. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition, small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated depletion or overexpression of the key components of Notch2 signaling in NRK-52E cells supported that the activated Notch2 pathway is essential for tubular EMT. Moreover, we found that licorice extract (LE) with or without glycyrrhizin, one of bioactive components in licorice, effectively blocked HG-triggered EMT in NRK-52E cells, mainly through suppressing the Notch2 pathway. Our findings therefore suggest that Notch2-mediated renal tubular EMT could be a therapeutic target in diabetic nephropathy, and both LE and de-glycyrrhizinated LE could have therapeutic potential to attenuate renal tubular EMT and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Chien Hsu
- Departments of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan; (Y.-C.H.); (P.-J.C.); (C.-W.T.); (Y.-H.S.); (W.-C.N.); (Y.-C.L.)
- Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
| | - Pey-Jium Chang
- Departments of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan; (Y.-C.H.); (P.-J.C.); (C.-W.T.); (Y.-H.S.); (W.-C.N.); (Y.-C.L.)
- Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wu Tung
- Departments of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan; (Y.-C.H.); (P.-J.C.); (C.-W.T.); (Y.-H.S.); (W.-C.N.); (Y.-C.L.)
- Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hsueh Shih
- Departments of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan; (Y.-C.H.); (P.-J.C.); (C.-W.T.); (Y.-H.S.); (W.-C.N.); (Y.-C.L.)
- Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chiu Ni
- Departments of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan; (Y.-C.H.); (P.-J.C.); (C.-W.T.); (Y.-H.S.); (W.-C.N.); (Y.-C.L.)
- Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Li
- Departments of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan; (Y.-C.H.); (P.-J.C.); (C.-W.T.); (Y.-H.S.); (W.-C.N.); (Y.-C.L.)
- Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
| | - Takuhiro Uto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859-3298, Japan; (T.U.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yukihiro Shoyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859-3298, Japan; (T.U.); (Y.S.)
| | - Cheng Ho
- Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (C.-L.L.)
| | - Chun-Liang Lin
- Departments of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan; (Y.-C.H.); (P.-J.C.); (C.-W.T.); (Y.-H.S.); (W.-C.N.); (Y.-C.L.)
- Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
- Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei 105, Taiwan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (C.-L.L.)
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Zhu QQ, Yang XY, Zhang XJ, Yu CJ, Pang QQ, Huang YW, Wang XJ, Sheng J. EGCG targeting Notch to attenuate renal fibrosisviainhibition of TGFβ/Smad3 signaling pathway activation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Food Funct 2020; 11:9686-9695. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01542c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
EGCG may improve renal fibrosis by targeting Notchviainhibition of the TGFβ/Smad3 pathway in diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang-Qiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science
- Ministry of Education
- Yunnan Agricultural University
- Kunming
- China
| | - Xiao-Ying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science
- Ministry of Education
- Yunnan Agricultural University
- Kunming
- China
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science
- Ministry of Education
- Yunnan Agricultural University
- Kunming
- China
| | - Cai-Jun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science
- Ministry of Education
- Yunnan Agricultural University
- Kunming
- China
| | - Qian-Qian Pang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science
- Ministry of Education
- Yunnan Agricultural University
- Kunming
- China
| | - Ye-wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science
- Ministry of Education
- Yunnan Agricultural University
- Kunming
- China
| | - Xuan-jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science
- Ministry of Education
- Yunnan Agricultural University
- Kunming
- China
| | - Jun Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science
- Ministry of Education
- Yunnan Agricultural University
- Kunming
- China
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22
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Puri RV, Yerrathota S, Home T, Idowu JY, Chakravarthi VP, Ward CJ, Singhal PC, Vanden Heuvel GB, Fields TA, Sharma M. Notch4 activation aggravates NF-κB-mediated inflammation in HIV-1-associated nephropathy. Dis Model Mech 2019; 12:dmm.040642. [PMID: 31727625 PMCID: PMC6918754 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.040642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch pathway activation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of many glomerular diseases. We have previously shown that Notch4 expression was upregulated in various renal cells in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) patients and rodent models of HIVAN. In this study, we examined whether the Notch pathway can be distinctly activated by HIV-1 gene products and whether Notch4, in particular, can influence disease progression. Using luciferase reporter assays, we did not observe activation of the NOTCH4 promoter with the HIV protein Nef in podocytes. Further, we observed upregulated expression of a gamma secretase complex protein, presenilin 1, but not Notch4, in podocytes infected with an HIV-1 expression construct. To assess the effects of Notch4 on HIVAN disease progression, we engineered Tg26 mice with global deletion of the Notch4 intracellular domain (Notch4dl), which is required for signaling function. These mice (Notch4d1/Tg26+) showed a significant improvement in renal function and a significant decrease in mortality compared to Tg26 mice. Histological examination of kidneys showed that Notch4d1/Tg26+ mice had overall glomerular, tubulointerstitial injury and a marked decrease in interstitial inflammation. A significant decrease in the proliferating cells was observed in the tubulointerstitial compartments of Notch4d1/Tg26+ mice. Consistent with the diminished inflammation, kidneys from Notch4d1/Tg26+ mice also showed a significant decrease in expression of the inflammatory cytokine transcripts Il-6 and Ccl2, as well as the master inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB (Nfkb1 transcripts and p65 protein). These data identify Notch4 as an important mediator of tubulointerstitial injury and inflammation in HIVAN and a potential therapeutic target. Summary: Notch4 activation contributes to the inflammation seen in HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN), and inhibition of Notch4 ameliorates inflammation and prolongs life in a mouse model of HIVAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajni Vaid Puri
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.,The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Sireesha Yerrathota
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.,The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Trisha Home
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.,The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Jessica Y Idowu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.,The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - V Praveen Chakravarthi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Christopher J Ward
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.,The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Pravin C Singhal
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research and Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra-Northwell, New York, NY 11549, USA
| | | | - Timothy A Fields
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Madhulika Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA .,The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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23
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Epithelial and interstitial Notch1 activity contributes to the myofibroblastic phenotype and fibrosis. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:145. [PMID: 31718671 PMCID: PMC6849313 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0455-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Notch1 signalling is a stem-cell-related pathway that is essential for embryonic development, tissue regeneration and organogenesis. However, the role of Notch1 in the formation of myofibroblasts and fibrosis in kidneys following injury remains unknown. Methods The activity of Notch1 signalling was evaluated in fibrotic kidneys in CKD patients and in ureteral obstructive models in vivo and in cultured fibroblasts and TECs in vitro. In addition, the crosstalk of Notch1 with TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signalling was also investigated. Results Notch1 activity was elevated in fibrotic kidneys of rat models and patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Further study revealed that epithelial and interstitial Notch1 activity correlated with an α-SMA-positive myofibroblastic phenotype. In vitro, injury stimulated epithelial Notch1 activation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), resulting in matrix deposition in tubular epithelial cells (TECs). Additionally, interstitial Notch1 activation in association with fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation (FMD) in fibroblasts mediated a myofibroblastic phenotype. These TGF-β1/Smad2/3-dependent phenotypic transitions were abolished by Notch1 knockdown or a specific antagonist, DAPT, and were exacerbated by Notch1 overexpression or an activator Jagged-1-Fc chimaera protein. Interestingly, as a major driving force behind the EMT and FMD, TGF-β1, also induced epithelial and interstitial Notch1 activity, indicating that TGF-β1 may engage in crosstalk with Notch1 signalling to trigger fibrogenesis. Conclusion These findings suggest that epithelial and interstitial Notch1 activation in kidneys following injury contributes to the myofibroblastic phenotype and fibrosis through the EMT in TECs and to the FMD in fibroblasts by targeting downstream TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signalling.
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24
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Chen W, Wang Z, Ren Y, Zhang L, Sun L, Man Y, Zhou Z. Silencing of keratin 1 inactivates the Notch signaling pathway to inhibit renal interstitial fibrosis and glomerular sclerosis in uremia. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:1674-1688. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Chen
- Department of Nephrology Linyi People's Hospital Linyi China
| | - Zhi‐Kui Wang
- Department of Nephrology Linyi People's Hospital Linyi China
| | - Yue‐Qin Ren
- Department of Nephrology Linyi People's Hospital Linyi China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology Linyi People's Hospital Linyi China
| | - Li‐Na Sun
- Department of Nephrology Linyi People's Hospital Linyi China
| | - Yu‐Lin Man
- Department of Nephrology Linyi People's Hospital Linyi China
| | - Zhong‐Qi Zhou
- Department of Nephrology Linyi People's Hospital Linyi China
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25
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Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most common heart valve disorder in human populations. Nevertheless, there are presently no effective means for its prevention and treatment. It is therefore critical to comprehensively define key mechanisms of the disease. A major focus of cardiovascular research has been characterization of how regulation of gene expression maintains healthy physiologic status of the component tissues of the system and how derangements of gene regulation may become pathological. Recently, substantial evidence has emerged that noncoding RNAs, which are an enormous and versatile class of regulatory elements, such as microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, have roles in onset and prognosis of CAVD. Authors of the present report have therefore here provided a summary of the current understanding of contributions made by noncoding RNAs major features of CAVD. It is anticipated that this article will serve as a valuable guide to research strategy in this field and may additionally provide both researchers and clinicians with an expanded range of CAVD-associated biomarkers.
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26
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Meng XM. Inflammatory Mediators and Renal Fibrosis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1165:381-406. [PMID: 31399975 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8871-2_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Renal inflammation is the initial, healthy response to renal injury. However, prolonged inflammation promotes the fibrosis process, which leads to chronic pathology and eventually end-stage kidney disease. There are two major sources of inflammatory cells: first, bone marrow-derived leukocytes that include neutrophils, macrophages, fibrocytes and mast cells, and second, locally activated kidney cells such as mesangial cells, podocytes, tubular epithelial cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts. These activated cells produce many profibrotic cytokines and growth factors that cause accumulation and activation of myofibroblasts, and enhance the production of the extracellular matrix. In particular, activated macrophages are key mediators that drive acute inflammation into chronic kidney disease. They produce large amounts of profibrotic factors and modify the microenvironment via a paracrine effect, and they also transdifferentiate to myofibroblasts directly, although the origin of myofibroblasts in the fibrosing kidney remains controversial. Collectively, understanding inflammatory cell functions and mechanisms during renal fibrosis is paramount to improving diagnosis and treatment of chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ming Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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27
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Soni H, Matthews AT, Pallikkuth S, Gangaraju R, Adebiyi A. γ-secretase inhibitor DAPT mitigates cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury by suppressing Notch1 signaling. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 23:260-270. [PMID: 30407728 PMCID: PMC6307805 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ toxicity, including kidney injury, limits the use of cisplatin for the treatment of multiple human cancers. Hence, interventions to alleviate cisplatin-induced nephropathy are of benefit to cancer patients. Recent studies have demonstrated that pharmacological inhibition of the Notch signaling pathway enhances cisplatin efficacy against several cancer cells. However, whether augmentation of the anti-cancer effect of cisplatin by Notch inhibition comes at the cost of increased kidney injury is unclear. We show here that treatment of mice with cisplatin resulted in a significant increase in Notch ligand Delta-like 1 (Dll1) and Notch1 intracellular domain (N1ICD) protein expression levels in the kidneys. N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-L-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester (DAPT), a γ-secretase inhibitor reversed cisplatin-induced increase in renal N1ICD expression and plasma or urinary levels of predictive biomarkers of acute kidney injury (AKI). DAPT also mitigated cisplatin-induced tubular injury and reduction in glomerular filtration rate. Real-time multiphoton microscopy revealed marked necrosis and peritubular vascular dysfunction in the kidneys of cisplatin-treated mice which were abrogated by DAPT. Cisplatin-induced Dll1/Notch1 signaling was recapitulated in a human proximal tubule epithelial cell line (HK-2). siRNA-mediated Dll1 knockdown and DAPT attenuated cisplatin-induced Notch1 cleavage and cytotoxicity in HK-2 cells. These data suggest that Dll1-mediated Notch1 signaling contributes to cisplatin-induced AKI. Hence, the Notch signaling pathway could be a potential therapeutic target to alleviate renal complications associated with cisplatin chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Soni
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Anberitha T Matthews
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Sandeep Pallikkuth
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Rajashekhar Gangaraju
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Adebowale Adebiyi
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
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28
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Marquez-Exposito L, Lavoz C, Rodrigues-Diez RR, Rayego-Mateos S, Orejudo M, Cantero-Navarro E, Ortiz A, Egido J, Selgas R, Mezzano S, Ruiz-Ortega M. Gremlin Regulates Tubular Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition via VEGFR2: Potential Role in Renal Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1195. [PMID: 30386246 PMCID: PMC6199372 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is emerging as an important health problem due to the increase number of CKD patients and the absence of an effective curative treatment. Gremlin has been proposed as a novel therapeutic target for renal inflammatory diseases, acting via Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 (VEGFR2). Although many evidences suggest that Gremlin could regulate renal fibrosis, the receptor involved has not been yet clarified. Gremlin, as other TGF-β superfamily members, regulates tubular epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and, therefore, could contribute to renal fibrosis. In cultured tubular epithelial cells Gremlin binding to VEGFR2 is linked to proinflammatory responses. Now, we have found out that in these cells VEGFR2 is also involved in the profibrotic actions of Gremlin. VEGFR2 blockade by a pharmacological kinase inhibitor or gene silencing diminished Gremlin-mediated gene upregulation of profibrotic factors and restored changes in EMT-related genes. Moreover, VEGFR2 inhibition blocked EMT phenotypic changes and dampened the rate of wound healing in response to Gremlin. The role of VEGFR2 in experimental fibrosis was evaluated in experimental unilateral ureteral obstruction. VEFGR2 inhibition diminished the upregulation of profibrotic genes and EMT changes, as well as the accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins, such as fibronectin and collagens in the obstructed kidneys. Notch pathway activation participates in renal damage progression by regulating cell growth/proliferation, regeneration and inflammation. In cultured tubular epithelial cells, Notch inhibition markedly downregulated Gremlin-induced EMT changes and wound healing speed. These results show that Gremlin regulates the EMT process via VEGFR2 and Notch pathway activation, suggesting that the Gremlin/VEGFR2 axis could be a potential therapeutic target for CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marquez-Exposito
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Lavoz
- Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Universidad Austral, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Raul R Rodrigues-Diez
- Red de Investigación Renal, Madrid, Spain.,Laboratory of Nephrology, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario la Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Rayego-Mateos
- Red de Investigación Renal, Madrid, Spain.,Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, Institut de Recerca Biomédica de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Macarena Orejudo
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Cantero-Navarro
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Red de Investigación Renal, Madrid, Spain.,Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Egido
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Selgas
- Red de Investigación Renal, Madrid, Spain.,Laboratory of Nephrology, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario la Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Mezzano
- Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Universidad Austral, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal, Madrid, Spain
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29
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Zhou X, Fang Y, Wan L, Xu Q, Huang H, Zhu R, Wu Q, Liu J. Notch signaling inhibits cardiac fibroblast to myofibroblast transformation by antagonizing TGF‐β1/Smad3 signaling. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8834-8845. [PMID: 30317638 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue‐liang Zhou
- Department of Cardiac Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Yi‐hu Fang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Li Wan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Qi‐rong Xu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Huang Huang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Rong‐rong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Jiangxi Province Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine China
| | - Qi‐cai Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Ji‐chun Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University Nanchang China
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30
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Huang S, Park J, Qiu C, Chung KW, Li SY, Sirin Y, Han SH, Taylor V, Zimber-Strobl U, Susztak K. Jagged1/Notch2 controls kidney fibrosis via Tfam-mediated metabolic reprogramming. PLoS Biol 2018; 16:e2005233. [PMID: 30226866 PMCID: PMC6161902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2005233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
While Notch signaling has been proposed to play a key role in fibrosis, the direct molecular pathways targeted by Notch signaling and the precise ligand and receptor pair that are responsible for kidney disease remain poorly defined. In this study, we found that JAG1 and NOTCH2 showed the strongest correlation with the degree of interstitial fibrosis in a genome-wide expression analysis of a large cohort of human kidney samples. Transcript analysis of mouse kidney disease models, including folic-acid (FA)-induced nephropathy, unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), or apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1)-associated kidney disease, indicated that Jag1 and Notch2 levels were higher in all analyzed kidney fibrosis models. Mice with tubule-specific deletion of Jag1 or Notch2 (Kspcre/Jag1flox/flox and Kspcre/Notch2flox/flox) had no kidney-specific alterations at baseline but showed protection from FA-induced kidney fibrosis. Tubule-specific genetic deletion of Notch1 and global knockout of Notch3 had no effect on fibrosis. In vitro chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments and genome-wide expression studies identified the mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam) as a direct Notch target. Re-expression of Tfam in tubule cells prevented Notch-induced metabolic and profibrotic reprogramming. Tubule-specific deletion of Tfam resulted in fibrosis. In summary, Jag1 and Notch2 play a key role in kidney fibrosis development by regulating Tfam expression and metabolic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizheng Huang
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jihwan Park
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Chengxiang Qiu
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ki Wung Chung
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Szu-yuan Li
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Yasemin Sirin
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Seung Hyeok Han
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Verdon Taylor
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ursula Zimber-Strobl
- Research Unit Gene Vectors, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environment and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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31
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Wang BQ, Yang B, Yang HC, Wang JY, Hu S, Gao YS, Bu XY. MicroRNA-499a decelerates glioma cell proliferation while accelerating apoptosis through the suppression of Notch1 and the MAPK signaling pathway. Brain Res Bull 2018; 142:96-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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32
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Marquez-Exposito L, Cantero-Navarro E, Lavoz C, Fierro-Fernández M, Poveda J, Rayego-Mateos S, Rodrigues-Diez RR, Morgado-Pascual JL, Orejudo M, Mezzano S, Ruiz-Ortega M. Análisis de la vía Notch como una posible diana terapéutica en la patología renal. Nefrologia 2018; 38:466-475. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nefro.2017.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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33
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Huang M, Zhang J, Xu H, Ding T, Tang D, Yuan Q, Tao L, Ye Z. The TGFβ-ERK pathway contributes to Notch3 upregulation in the renal tubular epithelial cells of patients with obstructive nephropathy. Cell Signal 2018; 51:139-151. [PMID: 30081092 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Renal interstitial fibrosis is a common renal injury resulted from a variety of chronic kidney conditions and an array of factors. We report here that Notch3 is a potential contributor. In comparison to 6 healthy individuals, a robust elevation of Notch3 expression was observed in the renal tubular epithelial cells of 18 patients with obstructive nephropathy. In a rat unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model which mimics the human disease, Notch3 upregulation closely followed the course of renal injury, renal fibrosis, TGFβ expression, and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression, suggesting a role of Notch3 in promoting tubulointerstitial fibrosis. This possibility was supported by the observation that TGFβ, the major renal fibrogenic cytokine, stimulated Notch3 expression in human proximal tubule epithelial HK-2 cells. TGFβ enhanced the activation of ERK, p38, but not JNK MAP kinases in HK-2 cells. While inhibition of p38 activation using SB203580 did not affect TGFβ-induced Notch3 expression, inhibition of ERK activation with a MEK1 inhibitor PD98059 dramatically reduced the event. Furthermore, enforced ERK activation through overexpression of the constitutively active MEK1 mutant MEK1Q56P upregulated Notch3 expression in HK-2 cells, and PD98059 reduced ERK activation and Notch3 expression in HK-2 cells expressing MEK1Q56P. Collectively, we provide the first clinical evidence for Notch3 upregulation in patients with obstructive nephropathy; the upregulation is likely mediated through the TGFβ-ERK pathway. This study suggests that Notch3 upregulation contributes to renal injury caused by obstructive nephropathy, which could be prevented or delayed through ERK inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
| | - Ting Ding
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Damu Tang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Canada; The Hamilton Center for Kidney Research, St. Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Qiongjing Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Lijian Tao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of China, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zunlong Ye
- 1717 Class, ChangJun High School of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan 410002, China
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34
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Schütte-Nütgen K, Edeling M, Mendl G, Krahn MP, Edemir B, Weide T, Kremerskothen J, Michgehl U, Pavenstädt H. Getting a Notch closer to renal dysfunction: activated Notch suppresses expression of the adaptor protein Disabled-2 in tubular epithelial cells. FASEB J 2018; 33:821-832. [PMID: 30052485 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800392rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Reactivation of Notch signaling in kidneys of animal models and patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been shown to contribute to epithelial injury and fibrosis development. Here, we investigated the mechanisms of Notch-induced injury in renal epithelial cells. We performed genome-wide transcriptome analysis to identify Notch target genes using an in vitro system of cultured tubular epithelial cells expressing the intracellular domain of Notch1. One of the top downregulated genes was Disabled-2 ( Dab2). With the use of Drosophila nephrocytes as a model system, we found that Dab (the Drosophila homolog of Dab2) knockdown resulted in a significant filtration defect, indicating that loss of Dab2 plays a functional role in kidney disease development. We showed that Dab2 expression in cultured tubular epithelial cells is involved in endocytic regulation and that it also protects cells from TGF-β-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. In vivo correlation studies indicated its additional role in renal ischemia-induced injury. Together, these data suggest that Dab2 plays a versatile role in the kidney and may impact on acute and CKDs.-Schütte-Nütgen, K., Edeling, M., Mendl, G., Krahn, M. P., Edemir, B., Weide, T., Kremerskothen, J., Michgehl, U., Pavenstädt, H. Getting a Notch closer to renal dysfunction: activated Notch suppresses expression of the adaptor protein Disabled-2 in tubular epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Edeling
- Internal Medicine D, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany; and
| | - Gudrun Mendl
- Internal Medicine D, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany; and
| | - Michael P Krahn
- Internal Medicine D, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany; and
| | - Bayram Edemir
- Internal Medicine D, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany; and.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Thomas Weide
- Internal Medicine D, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany; and
| | | | - Ulf Michgehl
- Internal Medicine D, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany; and
| | - Hermann Pavenstädt
- Internal Medicine D, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany; and
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35
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Meng H, Liang Y, Hao J, Lu J. Comparison of Rejection-Specific Genes in Peripheral Blood and Allograft Biopsy From Kidney Transplant. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:115-123. [PMID: 29407293 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although improved understanding and assessment of organ rejection significantly contribute to long-term allograft survival after kidney transplantation, reliable and predictive biomarkers that enable diagnoses of rejection state are lacking. Patient rejection of a kidney graft displays a specific blood and biopsy transcriptional pattern, raising the question of whether transcript biomarkers in blood could reflect events within the allograft. METHODS Differential expression genes were screened on large-scale transcriptomic data from blood and allograft biopsies, which included recipients undergoing rejection and recipients with stable renal function. RESULTS We found that the number of rejection-related genes in biopsy samples was much greater than in blood. We observed only one overlapping gene, HIST1H4A, consistently expressed in biopsy samples and blood. Functional association of the identified genes in biopsies implicated a strong involvement of inflammatory-immune pathways. Rejection-related genes in the mammalian target of rapamycin-signaling pathway were down-regulated, and genes related to allograft rejection and graft-versus-host disease were up-regulated in allograft biopsy samples. We also recognized the core signaling elements (PIK3R2 and EGFR) in inflammatory-immune pathways based on biopsy samples. CONCLUSIONS We have expanded our understanding of rejection-specific gene expression pattern in allograft biopsy and peripheral blood, and provided a candidate set of overlapping genes for screening of rejection in kidney transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Meng
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - J Hao
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - J Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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36
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Gad AM. Study on the influence of caffeic acid against sodium valproate-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2018; 32:e22175. [PMID: 29968957 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amany M. Gad
- Department of Pharmacology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research; Cairo, Egypt
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37
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Gremlin activates the Notch pathway linked to renal inflammation. Clin Sci (Lond) 2018; 132:1097-1115. [PMID: 29720422 DOI: 10.1042/cs20171553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Preclinical studies suggest that Gremlin participates in renal damage and could be a potential therapeutic target for human chronic kidney diseases. Inflammation is a common characteristic of progressive renal disease, and therefore novel anti-inflammatory therapeutic targets should be investigated. The Notch signaling pathway is involved in kidney development and is activated in human chronic kidney disease, but whether Gremlin regulates the Notch pathway has not been investigated. In cultured tubular cells, Gremlin up-regulated gene expression of several Notch pathway components, increased the production of the canonical ligand Jagged-1, and caused the nuclear translocation of active Notch-1 (N1ICD). In vivo administration of Gremlin into murine kidneys elicited Jagged-1 production, increased N1ICD nuclear levels, and up-regulated the gene expression of the Notch effectors hes-1 and hey-1 All these data clearly demonstrate that Gremlin activates the Notch pathway in the kidney. Notch inhibition using the γ-secretase inhibitor DAPT impaired renal inflammatory cell infiltration and proinflammatory cytokines overexpression in Gremlin-injected mice and in experimental models of renal injury. Moreover, Notch inhibition blocked Gremlin-induced activation of the canonical and noncanonical nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway, identifying an important mechanism involved in the anti-inflammatory actions of Notch inhibition. In conclusion, Gremlin activates the Notch pathway in the kidney and this is linked to NF-κB-mediated inflammation, supporting the hypothesis that Notch inhibition could be a potential anti-inflammatory strategy for renal diseases.
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Liu X, Zhang Y, Shi M, Wang Y, Zhang F, Yan R, Liu L, Xiao Y, Guo B. Notch1 regulates PTEN expression to exacerbate renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting autophagy via interactions with Hes1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 497:1110-1116. [PMID: 29496446 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.02.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious clinical microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. DN is characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix, resulting in progressive fibrosis leading to the loss of renal function. Notch1 and phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) signaling have been associated with fibrosis. Autophagy serves as an essential regulator of tubular cellular homeostasis. However, how these molecules control the balance between fibrosis and autophagy, the main homeostatic mechanism regulating fibrosis, is not well understood. This association was confirmed using Notch1-siRNA in vitro, which prevented the increase in Hes1 and restored PTEN expression. In contrast, transfection with pHAGE-Hes1 repressed PTEN promoter-driven luciferase activity, implying a direct relationship between Hes1 and PTEN. The expression of Notch1 and Hes1 was increased in diabetic db/db mice by western blotting; in contrast, the expression of PTEN was decreased. Importantly, the dysregulation of these signaling molecules was associated with an increase in extracellular matrix proteins (Collagen-I and III) and the inhibition of autophagy. Similar results were evident in response to high glucose concentrations in vitro in the NRK-52e cells. Therefore, the high glucose concentrations present in diabetes promote fibrosis through the Notch1 pathway via Hes1, while inhibiting the PTEN and autophagy. In conclusion, the inhibition of PTEN by Notch1/Hes1 in response to high glucose concentration inhibits autophagy, which is associated with the progression of fibrosis. Therefore, these signaling molecules may represent novel therapeutic targets in diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- XingMei Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China; Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - YingYing Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China; Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - MingJun Shi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China; Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - YuanYuan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China; Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China; Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Rui Yan
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550002, China
| | - LingLing Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China; Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China; Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China; Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China.
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Zhao Y, Qiao X, Tan TK, Zhao H, Zhang Y, Liu L, Zhang J, Wang L, Cao Q, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang YM, Lee VWS, Alexander SI, Harris DCH, Zheng G. Matrix metalloproteinase 9-dependent Notch signaling contributes to kidney fibrosis through peritubular endothelial-mesenchymal transition. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2018; 32:781-791. [PMID: 27566305 PMCID: PMC5427520 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfw308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Endothelial cells are known to contribute to kidney fibrosis via endothelial–mesenchymal transition (EndoMT). Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is known to be profibrotic. However, whether MMP-9 contributes to kidney fibrosis via EndoMT is unknown. Methods: Primary mouse renal peritubular endothelial cells (MRPECs) were isolated and treated by recombinant human transforming growth factor beta 1 (rhTGF-β1) with or without MMP-9 inhibitor or by recombinant human MMP-9 (rhMMP-9) alone. Kidney fibrosis was induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in MMP-9 knockout (KO) and wide-type (WT) control mice. The effects of MMP-9 on EndoMT of MRPECs and kidney fibrosis were examined. Results: We showed that MRPECs underwent EndoMT after rhTGF-β1 treatment or in UUO kidney as evidenced by decreased expression of endothelial markers, vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) and CD31, and increased levels of mesenchymal markers, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and vimentin. The expression of fibrosis markers was also up-regulated significantly after rhTGF-β1 treatment in MRPECs. The EndoMT and fibrosis markers were significantly less in rhTGF-β1-treated MMP-9 KO MRPECs, whereas MMP-9 alone was sufficient to induce EndoMT in MRPECs. UUO kidney of MMP-9 KO mice showed significantly less interstitial fibrosis and EndoMT in MRPECs. Notch signaling shown by Notch intracellular domain (NICD) was increased, while Notch-1 was decreased in rhTGF-β1-treated MRPECs of MMP-9 WT but not MMP-9 KO mice. Inhibition of MMP-9 or Notch signaling prevented rhTGF-β1- or rhMMP-9-induced α-SMA and NICD upregulation in MRPECs. UUO kidney of MMP-9 KO mice had less staining of Notch signaling transcription factor Hey-1 in VE-cadherin-positive MRPECs than WT controls. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that MMP-9-dependent Notch signaling plays an important role in kidney fibrosis through EndoMT of MRPECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhao
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,The School of Biomedical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Qiao
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Nephrology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Kidney Disease Institute, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Thian Kui Tan
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hong Zhao
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Experimental Centre of Science and Research, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixin Liu
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Experimental Centre of Science and Research, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianlin Zhang
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Kidney Disease Institute, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Cao
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yiping Wang
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ya Wang
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yuan Min Wang
- Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vincent W S Lee
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen I Alexander
- Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David C H Harris
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Guoping Zheng
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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40
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Chun P. Therapeutic effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors on kidney disease. Arch Pharm Res 2017; 41:162-183. [PMID: 29230688 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-017-0998-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has shown the involvement of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in the development and progression of various renal diseases, highlighting its inhibition as a promising therapeutic strategy to prevent kidney diseases. Accordingly, numerous studies have shown that HDAC inhibitors protect the kidneys from various diseases through their effects on multiple pathways, such as suppression of transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway and nuclear factor-κB signaling pathways, augmentation of apoptosis, and inhibition of angiogenesis. To develop more effective and less toxic isoform-selective HDAC inhibitors and further improve clinical outcomes, it is necessary to identify and understand the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis and progression of renal diseases. This review focuses on the roles of HDAC inhibitors and the mechanisms involved in their therapeutic effects in experimental models of kidney diseases including glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, glomerular and tubulointerstitial inflammation, lupus nephritis, polycystic kidney disease, and renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pusoon Chun
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, 50834, Republic of Korea.
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41
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Tung CW, Hsu YC, Cai CJ, Shih YH, Wang CJ, Chang PJ, Lin CL. Trichostatin A ameliorates renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis through modulation of the JNK-dependent Notch-2 signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14495. [PMID: 29101337 PMCID: PMC5670251 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15162-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is the final common pathological feature in a variety of chronic kidney disease. Trichostatin A (TSA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, reportedly attenuates renal fibrosis in various kidney disease models. However, the detailed molecular action of TSA in ameliorating renal fibrotic injury is not yet fully understood. In a cultured renal fibroblastic cell model, we showed that TGF-β1 triggers upregulation of α-SMA and fibronectin, two hallmarks of myofibroblastic activation. During the course of TGF-β1 treatment, activation of Smad2/3, p38, ERK, JNK and Notch-2 was also detected. Under the conditions, administration of TSA significantly decreased TGF-β1-stimulated expression of α-SMA, fibronectin, phospho-JNK, and cleaved Notch-2; however, the levels of phospho-Smad2/3, phospho-p38 and phospho-ERK remained unchanged. Pharmacological inhibition of different signaling pathways and genetic knockdown of Notch-2 further revealed JNK as an upstream effector of Notch-2 in TGF-β1-mediated renal fibrosis. Consistently, we also demonstrated that administration of TSA or a γ-secretase inhibitor RO4929097 in the mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction significantly ameliorated renal fibrosis through suppression of the JNK/Notch-2 signaling activation. Taken together, our findings provide further insights into the crosstalk among different signaling pathways in renal fibrosis, and elucidate the molecular action of TSA in attenuating fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Wu Tung
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chien Hsu
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Jhih Cai
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hsueh Shih
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Jen Wang
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pey-Jium Chang
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Liang Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan. .,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan. .,Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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42
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Han SH, Wu MY, Nam BY, Park JT, Yoo TH, Kang SW, Park J, Chinga F, Li SY, Susztak K. PGC-1 α Protects from Notch-Induced Kidney Fibrosis Development. J Am Soc Nephrol 2017; 28:3312-3322. [PMID: 28751525 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2017020130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney fibrosis is the histologic manifestation of CKD. Sustained activation of developmental pathways, such as Notch, in tubule epithelial cells has been shown to have a key role in fibrosis development. The molecular mechanism of Notch-induced fibrosis, however, remains poorly understood. Here, we show that, that expression of peroxisomal proliferation g-coactivator (PGC-1α) and fatty acid oxidation-related genes are lower in mice expressing active Notch1 in tubular epithelial cells (Pax8-rtTA/ICN1) compared to littermate controls. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that the Notch target gene Hes1 directly binds to the regulatory region of PGC-1α Compared with Pax8-rtTA/ICN1 transgenic animals, Pax8-rtTA/ICN1/Ppargc1a transgenic mice showed improvement of renal structural alterations (on histology) and molecular defect (expression of profibrotic genes). Overexpression of PGC-1α restored mitochondrial content and reversed the fatty acid oxidation defect induced by Notch overexpression in vitro in tubule cells. Furthermore, compared with Pax8-rtTA/ICN1 mice, Pax8-rtTA/ICN1/Ppargc1a mice exhibited improvement in renal fatty acid oxidation gene expression and apoptosis. Our results show that metabolic dysregulation has a key role in kidney fibrosis induced by sustained activation of the Notch developmental pathway and can be ameliorated by PGC-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hyeok Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mei-Yan Wu
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; and.,Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bo Young Nam
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; and
| | - Jung Tak Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Hyun Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shin-Wook Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; and
| | - Jihwan Park
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Frank Chinga
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Szu-Yuan Li
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;
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43
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Ó hAinmhire E, Humphreys BD. Fibrotic Changes Mediating Acute Kidney Injury to Chronic Kidney Disease Transition. Nephron Clin Pract 2017; 137:264-267. [PMID: 28595180 DOI: 10.1159/000474960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is common, costly, and it results from progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD). ESRD claims many lives every year. It is increasingly recognized that episodes of acute kidney injury (AKI) predispose to the future development of CKD and ESRD. While our understanding of the pathophysiology of the AKI to CKD transition is improving, there are no validated therapeutic strategies to prevent this transition. In this review, we summarize the recent progress made in defining the cellular and molecular events underlying the AKI to CKD transition and highlight potential therapeutic targets and strategies to reduce the incidence of CKD following AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eoghainín Ó hAinmhire
- Division of Nephrology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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44
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Yang G, Zhao Z, Zhang X, Wu A, Huang Y, Miao Y, Yang M. Effect of berberine on the renal tubular epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by inhibition of the Notch/snail pathway in diabetic nephropathy model KKAy mice. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2017; 11:1065-1079. [PMID: 28408805 PMCID: PMC5384688 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s124971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Renal tubular epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and renal tubular interstitial fibrosis are the main pathological changes of diabetic nephropathy (DN), which is a common cause of end-stage renal disease. Previous studies have suggested that berberine (BBR) has antifibrotic effects in the kidney and can reduce apoptosis and inhibit the EMT of podocytes in DN. However, the effect of BBR on the renal tubular EMT in DN and its mechanisms of action are unknown. This study was performed to explore the effects of BBR on the renal tubular EMT and the molecular mechanisms of BBR in DN model KKAy mice and on the high glucose (HG)-induced EMT in mouse renal tubular epithelial cells. Our results showed that, relative to the model mice, the mice in the treatment group had an improved general state and reduced blood glucose and 24-h urinary protein levels. Degradation of renal function was ameliorated by BBR. We also observed the protective effects of BBR on renal structural changes, including normalization of an index of renal interstitial fibrosis and kidney weight/body weight. Moreover, BBR suppressed the activation of the Notch/snail pathway and upregulated the α-SMA and E-cadherin levels in DN model KKAy mice. BBR was further found to prevent HG-induced EMT events and to inhibit the HG-induced expression of Notch pathway members and snail1 in mouse renal tubular epithelial cells. Our findings indicate that BBR has a therapeutic effect on DN, including its inhibition of the renal tubular EMT and renal interstitial fibrosis. Furthermore, the BBR-mediated EMT inhibition occurs through Notch/snail pathway regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guannan Yang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongjiang Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxue Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Amin Wu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yawei Huang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghui Miao
- School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Meijuan Yang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Rabieian R, Abedi M, Gheisari Y. Central Nodes in Protein Interaction Networks Drive Critical Functions in Transforming Growth Factor Beta-1 Stimulated Kidney Cells. CELL JOURNAL 2017; 18:514-531. [PMID: 28042536 PMCID: PMC5086330 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2016.4718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Objective Despite the huge efforts, chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains as an unsolved problem in medicine. Many studies have shown a central role for transforming
growth factor beta-1 (TGFβ-1) and its downstream signaling cascades in the pathogenesis of CKD. In this study, we have reanalyzed a microarray dataset to recognize critical
signaling pathways controlled by TGFβ-1.
Materials and Methods This study is a bioinformatics reanalysis for a microarray data. The
GSE23338 dataset was downloaded from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database
which assesses the mRNA expression profile of TGFβ-1 treated human kidney cells after 24
and 48 hours incubation. The protein interaction networks for differentially expressed (DE)
genes in both time points were constructed and enriched. In addition, by network topology
analysis, genes with high centrality were identified and then pathway enrichment analysis
was performed with either the total network genes or with the central nodes.
Results We found 110 and 170 genes differentially expressed in the time points 24 and 48
hours, respectively. As the genes in each time point had few interactions, the networks were
enriched by adding previously known genes interacting with the differentially expressed ones.
In terms of degree, betweenness, and closeness centrality parameters 62 and 60 nodes were
considered to be central in the enriched networks of 24 hours and 48 hours treatment, respectively. Pathway enrichment analysis with the central nodes was more informative than those
with all network nodes or even initial DE genes, revealing key signaling pathways.
Conclusion We here introduced a method for the analysis of microarray data that integrates
the expression pattern of genes with their topological properties in protein interaction networks.
This holistic novel approach allows extracting knowledge from raw bulk omics data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Rabieian
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Abedi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Yousof Gheisari
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Regenerative Medicine Lab, Isfahan Kidney Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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46
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Hu C, Sun L, Xiao L, Han Y, Fu X, Xiong X, Xu X, Liu Y, Yang S, Liu F, Kanwar YS. Insights into the Mechanisms Involved in the Expression and Regulation of Extracellular Matrix Proteins in Diabetic Nephropathy. Curr Med Chem 2016; 22:2858-70. [PMID: 26119175 DOI: 10.2174/0929867322666150625095407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is believed to be a major microvascular complication of diabetes. The hallmark of DN includes deposition of Extracellular Matrix (ECM) proteins, such as, collagen, laminin and fibronectin in the mesangium and renal tubulo-interstitium of the glomerulus and basement membranes. Such an increased expression of ECM leads to glomerular and tubular basement membranes thickening and increase of mesangial matrix, ultimately resulting in glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. The characteristic morphologic glomerular mesangial lesion has been described as Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodule, and the process at times is referred to as diabetic nodular glomerulosclerosis. Thus, the accumulation of ECM proteins plays a critical role in the development of DN. The relevant mechanism(s) involved in the increased ECM expression and their regulation in the kidney in diabetic state has been extensively investigated and documented in the literature. Nevertheless, there are certain other mechanisms that may yet be conclusively defined. Recent studies demonstrated that some of the new signaling pathways or molecules including, Notch, Wnt, mTOR, TLRs and small GTPase may play a pivotal role in the modulation of ECM regulation and expression in DN. Such modulation could be operational for instance Notch through Notch1/Jagged1 signaling, Wnt by Wnt/β- catenin pathway and mTOR via PI3-K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways. All these pathways may be critical in the modulation of ECM expression and tubulo-interstitial fibrosis. In addition, TLRs, mainly the TLR2 and TLR4, by TLR2- dependent and TGF-β-dependent conduits, may modulate ECM expression and generate a fibrogenic response. Small GTPase like Rho, Ras and Rab family by targeting relevant genes may also influence the accumulation of ECM proteins and renal fibrosis in hyperglycemic states. This review summarizes the recent information about the role and mechanisms by which these molecules and signaling pathways regulate ECM synthesis and its expression in high glucose ambience in vitro and in vivo states. The understanding of such signaling pathways and the molecules that influence expression, secretion and amassing of ECM may aid in developing strategies for the amelioration of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - L Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
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Zhu F, Liu W, Li T, Wan J, Tian J, Zhou Z, Li H, Liu Y, Hou FF, Nie J. Numb contributes to renal fibrosis by promoting tubular epithelial cell cycle arrest at G2/M. Oncotarget 2016; 7:25604-19. [PMID: 27016419 PMCID: PMC5041930 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Numb is a multifunctional protein involved in diverse cellular processes. However, the function of Numb in kidney remains unclear. Here, we reported that Numb is expressed in renal tubules and glomeruli in normal adult kidney. Numb expression was upregulated in fibrotic kidneys induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in mice as well as in human fibrotic kidney tissues. Numb overexpression in cultured proximal tubular cells increased the G2/M cell population and upregulated the expression of TGF-β1 and CTGF. Whereas, proximal tubule Numb knockout (PEPCK-Numb-KO) mice showed reduced G2/M arrest, decreased expression of TGF-β1 and CTGF, and attenuated fibrotic lesions due to either UUO or unilateral ischemia reperfusion nephropathy. Inhibiting p53 activity by pifithrin-` dramatically mitigated Numb-induced G2/M arrest, indicating that Numb potentiates G2/M arrest via stabilizing p53 protein. Together, these data suggest that Numb is a potential target for anti-fibrosis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Geriatric Institute, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Tang Li
- The VIP Medical Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jiao Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jianwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhanmei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Youhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Fan Fan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jing Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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Edeling M, Ragi G, Huang S, Pavenstädt H, Susztak K. Developmental signalling pathways in renal fibrosis: the roles of Notch, Wnt and Hedgehog. Nat Rev Nephrol 2016; 12:426-39. [PMID: 27140856 DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2016.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Kidney fibrosis is a common histological manifestation of functional decline in the kidney. Fibrosis is a reactive process that develops in response to excessive epithelial injury and inflammation, leading to myofibroblast activation and an accumulation of extracellular matrix. Here, we describe how three key developmental signalling pathways - Notch, Wnt and Hedgehog (Hh) - are reactivated in response to kidney injury and contribute to the fibrotic response. Although transient activation of these pathways is needed for repair of injured tissue, their sustained activation is thought to promote fibrosis. Excessive Wnt and Notch expression prohibit epithelial differentiation, whereas increased Wnt and Hh expression induce fibroblast proliferation and myofibroblastic transdifferentiation. Notch, Wnt and Hh are fundamentally different signalling pathways, but their choreographed activation seems to be just as important for fibrosis as it is for embryonic kidney development. Decreasing the activity of Notch, Wnt or Hh signalling could potentially provide a new therapeutic strategy to ameliorate the development of fibrosis in chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Edeling
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 415 Curie Boulevard, 415 Clinical Research Building, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.,Department of Molecular Nephrology, Internal Medicine D, University Hospital Albert-Schweitzer-Straße 33, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Grace Ragi
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 415 Curie Boulevard, 415 Clinical Research Building, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Shizheng Huang
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 415 Curie Boulevard, 415 Clinical Research Building, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Hermann Pavenstädt
- Department of Molecular Nephrology, Internal Medicine D, University Hospital Albert-Schweitzer-Straße 33, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 415 Curie Boulevard, 415 Clinical Research Building, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Wnt/β-catenin signaling in kidney injury and repair: a double-edged sword. J Transl Med 2016; 96:156-67. [PMID: 26692289 PMCID: PMC4731262 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2015.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade is an evolutionarily conserved, highly complex pathway that is known to be involved in kidney injury and repair after a wide variety of insults. Although the kidney displays an impressive ability to repair and recover after injury, these repair mechanisms can be overwhelmed, leading to maladaptive responses and eventual development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Emerging evidence demonstrates that Wnt/β-catenin signaling possesses dual roles in promoting repair/regeneration or facilitating progression to CKD after acute kidney injury (AKI), depending on the magnitude and duration of its activation. In this review, we summarize the expression, intracellular modification, and secretion of Wnt family proteins and their regulation in a variety of kidney diseases. We also explore our current understanding of the potential mechanisms by which transient Wnt/β-catenin activation positively regulates adaptive responses of the kidney after AKI, and discuss how sustained activation of this signaling triggers maladaptive responses and causes destructive outcomes. A better understanding of these mechanisms may offer important opportunities for designing targeted therapy to promote adaptive kidney repair/recovery and prevent progression to CKD in patients.
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Abstract
Fibrosis is defined as an excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix components that lead to the destruction of organ architecture and impairment of organ function. Moreover, fibrosis is an intricate process attributable to a variety of interlaced fibrogenic signals and intrinsic mechanisms of activation of myofibroblasts. Being the dominant matrix-producing cells in organ fibrosis, myofibroblasts may be differentiated from various types of precursor cells. Identification of the signal pathways that play a key role in the pathogenesis of fibrotic diseases may suggest potential therapeutic targets. Here, we emphasize several intracellular signaling pathways that control the activation of myofibroblasts and matrix production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichun He
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 262 North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210003 China
| | - Chunsun Dai
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 262 North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210003 China
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