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Pace S, Meyer KPL, Troisi F, Bilancia R, D'Avino D, Parisi O, Rizza R, Stiuso P, Gerstmeier J, Schädel P, Ialenti A, Sautebin L, Serhan CN, Rossi A, Borrelli F, Werz O. Sex hormone deprivation abolishes sex-specific differences in murine colon inflammation and related lipid mediator production. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23828. [PMID: 39037419 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400320r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Unresolved inflammation, due to unfavorable imbalances between pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving mediators, leads to chronic inflammatory pathologies that are often sex-biased and regulated by sex hormones, including inflammatory bowel disease. Lipid mediators (LM) produced from polyunsaturated fatty acids by various lipoxygenases (LOX) and cyclooxygenases govern all stages of inflammation, i.e., the initiation and progression by pro-inflammatory eicosanoids and its resolution by specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM). Here, we reveal sex-specific differences in murine experimental colitis with male preponderance, which was abolished by sex hormone deprivation using gonadectomy, and this correlated to the levels of inflammation-relevant mediators in the colon. Oral dextran sodium sulfate administration caused more severe colon inflammation in male CD-1 mice than in female counterparts during the acute phase. Colitis in males yielded higher colonic cytokine/chemokine levels but lower 12-/15-LOX-derived LM including SPM compared to female animals in the resolving phase. Sex hormone deprivation in male mice by orchidectomy ameliorated colitis and impaired pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokine levels but elevated 12-/15-LOX products including SPM, thus abolishing the observed sex differences. Conversely, ovariectomy impaired the levels of those LM that dominated in females and that were increased in males after gonadectomy. Our findings suggest that male sex hormones promote the development of colitis connected to the biosynthesis of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and certain LM, especially pro-resolving 12-/15-LOX products that appear to be suppressed in the male colon due to androgens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Pace
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Katharina Paula Lydia Meyer
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Fabiana Troisi
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Rossella Bilancia
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Danilo D'Avino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Olga Parisi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Rizza
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Stiuso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Jana Gerstmeier
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Patrick Schädel
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Armando Ialenti
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Lidia Sautebin
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Antonietta Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- GENESIS Interdepartmental Center of Gender Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Borrelli
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
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Szczuko M, Komisarska P, Kikut J, Drozd A, Sochaczewska D. Calprotectin Is Associated with HETE and HODE Acids in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7584. [PMID: 38137653 PMCID: PMC10744317 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal diseases are identified as autoimmune phenomena attributed to a specific virus that binds to the mucosal epithelium. The importance of precise diagnostic processes and identification is emphasized, but the multifaceted and complex etiological factors pose challenges for effective treatment. A recent supplementary study suggested a linkage between the secretion of calprotectin, a protein associated with inflammatory processes, and increased levels of hydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (HETE) and hydroxyoctadecadienoic (HODE) compounds. METHODS Sixty-two patients (average age: 14.06 ± 2.93 years) suffering from inflammatory bowel diseases were included in this study. Comparative analyses were performed to assess the concentrations of calprotectin against the levels of arachidonic acid derivatives. The calprotectin concentration was determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The derivatives of HETE and HODE were identified through liquid chromatography. RESULTS Patients with Crohn's disease (CD) displayed higher average concentrations of fatty acid metabolites; however, no correlation with calprotectin was observed. A dependency of 12S HETE concentration relative to age was noted in the CD group, and a similar trend was also identified in ulcerative colitis (UC), with the significant metabolites being 15 HETE and 5 oxoETE. In UC patients, a positive correlation was established between the calprotectin concentration and the acids 5-HETE and 12-HETE. CONCLUSIONS These findings may be instrumental for monitoring the inflammatory states of patients and indicating a pathway for intervention. The metabolite 16RS HETE is associated with UC activity, and 15-HETE is related to the disease's duration. A relatively more significant role of HETE acids in the progression of the disease was observed in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Szczuko
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 72-009 Police, Poland (A.D.)
| | - Paulina Komisarska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 72-009 Police, Poland (A.D.)
| | - Justyna Kikut
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 72-009 Police, Poland (A.D.)
| | - Arleta Drozd
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 72-009 Police, Poland (A.D.)
| | - Diana Sochaczewska
- Department of Neonatology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 72-009 Police, Poland;
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Corder ML, Petricoin EF, Li Y, Cleland TP, DeCandia AL, Alonso Aguirre A, Pukazhenthi BS. Metabolomic profiling implicates mitochondrial and immune dysfunction in disease syndromes of the critically endangered black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis). Sci Rep 2023; 13:15464. [PMID: 37726331 PMCID: PMC10509206 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41508-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The critically endangered black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis; black rhino) experiences extinction threats from poaching in-situ. The ex-situ population, which serves as a genetic reservoir against impending extinction threats, experiences its own threats to survival related to several disease syndromes not typically observed among their wild counterparts. We performed an untargeted metabolomic analysis of serum from 30 ex-situ housed black rhinos (Eastern black rhino, EBR, n = 14 animals; Southern black rhino, SBR, n = 16 animals) and analyzed differences in metabolite profiles between subspecies, sex, and health status (healthy n = 13 vs. diseased n = 14). Of the 636 metabolites detected, several were differentially (fold change > 1.5; p < 0.05) expressed between EBR vs. SBR (40 metabolites), female vs. male (36 metabolites), and healthy vs. diseased (22 metabolites). Results suggest dysregulation of propanoate, amino acid metabolism, and bile acid biosynthesis in the subspecies and sex comparisons. Assessment of healthy versus diseased rhinos indicates involvement of arachidonic acid metabolism, bile acid biosynthesis, and the pentose phosphate pathway in animals exhibiting inflammatory disease syndromes. This study represents the first systematic characterization of the circulating serum metabolome in the black rhinoceros. Findings further implicate mitochondrial and immune dysfunction as key contributors for the diverse disease syndromes reported in ex-situ managed black rhinos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly L Corder
- Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Center for Species Survival, Front Royal, 22630, USA
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, 20900, USA
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, 22030, USA
| | - Emanuel F Petricoin
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, 20900, USA
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | | | - Alexandra L DeCandia
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
- Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Center for Conservation Genomics, Washington, DC, 20008, USA
| | - A Alonso Aguirre
- Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, Warner College of Natural Resources, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, 80523, USA
| | - Budhan S Pukazhenthi
- Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Center for Species Survival, Front Royal, 22630, USA.
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Restivo I, Basilicata MG, Giardina IC, Massaro A, Pepe G, Salviati E, Pecoraro C, Carbone D, Cascioferro S, Parrino B, Diana P, Ostacolo C, Campiglia P, Attanzio A, D’Anneo A, Pojero F, Allegra M, Tesoriere L. A Combination of Polymethoxyflavones from Citrus sinensis and Prenylflavonoids from Humulus lupulus Counteracts IL-1β-Induced Differentiated Caco-2 Cells Dysfunction via a Modulation of NF-κB/Nrf2 Activation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1621. [PMID: 37627616 PMCID: PMC10451557 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We here investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of a polymethoxylated flavone-containing fraction (PMFF) from Citrus sinensis and of a prenylflavonoid-containing one (PFF) from Humulus lupulus, either alone or in combination (MIX). To this end, an in vitro model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), consisting of differentiated, interleukin (IL)-1β-stimulated Caco-2 cells, was employed. We demonstrated that non-cytotoxic concentrations of either PMFF or PFF or MIX reduced nitric oxide (NO) production while PFF and MIX, but not PMFF, also inhibited prostaglandin E2 release. Coherently, MIX suppressed both inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 over-expression besides NF-κB activation. Moreover, MIX increased nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation, heme oxygenase-1 expression, restoring GSH and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONs) levels. Remarkably, these effects with MIX were stronger than those produced by PMFF or PFF alone. Noteworthy, nobiletin (NOB) and xanthohumol (XTM), two of the most represented phytochemicals in PMFF and PFF, respectively, synergistically inhibited RONs production. Overall, our results demonstrate that MIX enhances the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of the individual fractions in a model of IBD, via a mechanism involving modulation of NF-κB and Nrf2 signalling. Synergistic interactions between NOB and XTM emerge as a relevant aspect underlying this evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignazio Restivo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (I.R.); (I.C.G.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (A.D.); (F.P.); (L.T.)
| | | | - Ilenia Concetta Giardina
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (I.R.); (I.C.G.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (A.D.); (F.P.); (L.T.)
| | - Alessandro Massaro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (I.R.); (I.C.G.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (A.D.); (F.P.); (L.T.)
| | - Giacomo Pepe
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (M.G.B.); (E.S.); (C.O.); (P.C.)
| | - Emanuela Salviati
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (M.G.B.); (E.S.); (C.O.); (P.C.)
| | - Camilla Pecoraro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (C.P.); (D.C.); (S.C.); (B.P.); (P.D.)
| | - Daniela Carbone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (C.P.); (D.C.); (S.C.); (B.P.); (P.D.)
| | - Stella Cascioferro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (C.P.); (D.C.); (S.C.); (B.P.); (P.D.)
| | - Barbara Parrino
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (C.P.); (D.C.); (S.C.); (B.P.); (P.D.)
| | - Patrizia Diana
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (C.P.); (D.C.); (S.C.); (B.P.); (P.D.)
| | - Carmine Ostacolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (M.G.B.); (E.S.); (C.O.); (P.C.)
| | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (M.G.B.); (E.S.); (C.O.); (P.C.)
| | - Alessandro Attanzio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (I.R.); (I.C.G.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (A.D.); (F.P.); (L.T.)
| | - Antonella D’Anneo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (I.R.); (I.C.G.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (A.D.); (F.P.); (L.T.)
| | - Fanny Pojero
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (I.R.); (I.C.G.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (A.D.); (F.P.); (L.T.)
| | - Mario Allegra
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (I.R.); (I.C.G.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (A.D.); (F.P.); (L.T.)
| | - Luisa Tesoriere
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (I.R.); (I.C.G.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (A.D.); (F.P.); (L.T.)
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Luo JH, Zou WS, Li J, Liu W, Huang J, Wu HW, Shen JL, Li F, Yuan JSW, Tao AK, Gong L, Zhang J, Wang XY. Untargeted serum and liver metabolomics analyses reveal the gastroprotective effect of polysaccharide from Evodiae fructus on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123481. [PMID: 36731690 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at investigating the gastroprotective effect of Evodiae fructus polysaccharide (EFP) against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in mice. Biochemical indexes along with untargeted serum and liver metabolomics were determined. Results showed that pre-treatment of EFP alleviated ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in mice. EFP lessened oxidative stress and inflammation levels of stomachs, showing as increments of SOD and GSH-Px activities, GSH content and IL-10 level, and reductions of MDA and IL-6 levels. Meanwhile, EFP activated the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway through increasing Nrf2 and HO-1 protein expressions, and decreasing Keap1 protein expression. Serum and liver metabolomics analyses indicated that 10 metabolic potential biomarkers were identified among normal control, ulcer control and 200 mg/kg·bw of EFP groups, which were related to 5 enriched metabolic pathways including vitamin B6 metabolism, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway, bile secretion and ascorbate and aldarate metabolism. Further pearson's correlation analysis indicated that there were some positive and negative correlations between the biomarkers and the biochemical indexes. It could be concluded that the gastroprotection of EFP might be related to anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammation, activation of Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and alteration of metabolic pathways. This study supports the potential application of EFP in preventing ethanol-induced gastric ulcer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Hong Luo
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health of Ganzhou, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Wan-Shuang Zou
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Jing Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Hu-Wei Wu
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Jian-Lin Shen
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Fei Li
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Jia-Shuang-Wei Yuan
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - An-Kang Tao
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Liang Gong
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Xiao-Yin Wang
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health of Ganzhou, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China.
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Involvement of Proinflammatory Arachidonic Acid (ARA) Derivatives in Crohn’s Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC). J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11071861. [PMID: 35407469 PMCID: PMC8999554 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11071861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, an increase in the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been observed, especially among children and adolescents. Currently, few studies focus on the differentiation of inflammation in IBD subunits, i.e., Crohn’s Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC). The aim of this study was to compare the concentrations of proinflammatory mediators of arachidonic acid (ARA) and linoleic acid (LA) in patients with CD (n = 34) and UC (n = 30), in order to identify differences in inflammation in both diseases and within the same entity, according to disease activity. Sixty-four adolescents with a mean age of 13.76 ± 2.69 and 14.15 ± 3.31, for CD and UC, respectively, were enrolled in the study. Biochemical analysis of ARA and LA derivatives was performed using a liquid chromatography. A trend was observed in the concentration of 15S-HETE (hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids) in CD relative to UC. The active phase of both diseases showed a higher 15S-HETE concentration in active CD relative to active UC. Comparing patients with CD with active and inactive disease showed a trend of increased levels of thromboxane B2, leukotriene B4 and 9S-HODE (hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid) in the active versus the inactive disease. We also observed statistically significantly higher levels of 12S-HETE in inactive CD relative to active CD. In the UC group, on the other hand, statistically significantly higher levels of prostaglandin E2 and 16RS-HETE were observed in active UC relative to inactive UC. Moreover, significantly higher concentrations of LTX A4 5S, 6R were observed in inactive UC relative to the active phase. In conclusion, the present study indicated the activity of the 15-LOX pathway in CD. Further studies involving lipid mediators in patients with IBD may contribute to the development of new therapies for the treatment of IBD. The identification of differences in the course of inflammation may help to target therapy in CD and UC, and perhaps allow the introduction of an additional diagnostic marker between the two main IBD subtypes.
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Rahabi M, Salon M, Bruno-Bonnet C, Prat M, Jacquemin G, Benmoussa K, Alaeddine M, Parny M, Bernad J, Bertrand B, Auffret Y, Robert-Jolimaître P, Alric L, Authier H, Coste A. Bioactive fish collagen peptides weaken intestinal inflammation by orienting colonic macrophages phenotype through mannose receptor activation. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:2051-2066. [PMID: 34999930 PMCID: PMC9106617 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02787-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Particular interest is now given to the potential of dietary supplements as alternative non-pharmacological approaches in intestinal inflammation handling. In this aim, this study evaluates the efficiency of fish collagen peptides, Naticol®Gut, on colonic inflammation. METHODS Wild type and Mannose receptor-deficient in the myeloid lineage C57BL/6 mice were administered with Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS), Naticol®Gut, DSS, and Naticol®Gut or only water for 4 or 8 days. Inflammatory status was evaluated by establishing macroscopic and microscopic scores, by measuring cytokine and calprotectin production by ELISA and the myeloperoxidase activity by chemiluminescence. Colonic macrophages were phenotyped by measuring mRNA levels of specific markers of inflammation and oxidative status. Colonic immune populations and T-cell activation profiles were determined by flow cytometry. Mucosa-associated gut microbiota assessment was undertaken by qPCR. The phenotype of human blood monocytes from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) subjects was characterized by RT-qPCR and flow cytometry and their oxidative activity by chemiluminescence. RESULTS Naticol®Gut-treated DSS mice showed attenuated colonic inflammation compared to mice that were only exposed to DSS. Naticol®Gut activity was displayed through its ability to orient the polarization of colonic macrophage towards an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant phenotype after its recognition by the mannose receptor. Subsequently, Naticol®Gut delivery modulated CD4 T cells in favor of a Th2 response and dampened CD8 T-cell activation. This immunomodulation resulted in an intestinal eubiosis. In human monocytes from IBD subjects, the treatment with Naticol®Gut also restored an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant phenotype. CONCLUSION Naticol®Gut acts as a protective agent against colitis appearing as a new functional food and an innovative and complementary approach in gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Rahabi
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, ENVT, Université P. Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,Weishardt International, Rond-Point Georges Jolimaître, BP 259, 81305, Graulhet, France
| | - Marie Salon
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, ENVT, Université P. Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,Weishardt International, Rond-Point Georges Jolimaître, BP 259, 81305, Graulhet, France
| | | | - Mélissa Prat
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Godefroy Jacquemin
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, ENVT, Université P. Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Khaddouj Benmoussa
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, ENVT, Université P. Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Mohamad Alaeddine
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Mélissa Parny
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, ENVT, Université P. Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - José Bernad
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Bénédicte Bertrand
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, ENVT, Université P. Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Yannick Auffret
- Weishardt International, Rond-Point Georges Jolimaître, BP 259, 81305, Graulhet, France
| | | | - Laurent Alric
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, ENVT, Université P. Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,Department of Internal Medicine and Digestive Diseases, Pôle Digestif, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Hélène Authier
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, ENVT, Université P. Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Agnès Coste
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France. .,RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, ENVT, Université P. Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
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Unique Regulation of Intestinal Villus Epithelial Cl -/HCO 3- Exchange by Cyclooxygenase Pathway Metabolites of Arachidonic Acid in a Mouse Model of Spontaneous Ileitis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084171. [PMID: 33920650 PMCID: PMC8074161 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrolytes (NaCl) and fluid malabsorption cause diarrhea in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Coupled NaCl absorption, mediated by Na+/H+ and Cl-/HCO3- exchanges on the intestinal villus cells brush border membrane (BBM), is inhibited in IBD. Arachidonic acid metabolites (AAMs) formed via cyclooxygenase (COX) or lipoxygenase (LOX) pathways are elevated in IBD. However, their effects on NaCl absorption are not known. We treated SAMP1/YitFc (SAMP1) mice, a model of spontaneous ileitis resembling human IBD, with Arachidonyl Trifluoro Methylketone (ATMK, AAM inhibitor), or with piroxicam or MK-886, to inhibit COX or LOX pathways, respectively. Cl-/HCO3- exchange, measured as DIDS-sensitive 36Cl uptake, was significantly inhibited in villus cells and BBM vesicles of SAMP1 mice compared to AKR/J controls, an effect reversed by ATMK. Piroxicam, but not MK-886, also reversed the inhibition. Kinetic studies showed that inhibition was secondary to altered Km with no effects on Vmax. Whole cell or BBM protein levels of Down-Regulated in Adenoma (SLC26A3) and putative anion transporter-1 (SLC26A6), the two key BBM Cl-/HCO3- exchangers, were unaltered. Thus, inhibition of villus cell Cl-/HCO3- exchange by COX pathway AAMs, such as prostaglandins, via reducing the affinity of the exchanger for Cl-, and thereby causing NaCl malabsorption, could significantly contribute to IBD-associated diarrhea.
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9
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Internal connections between dietary intake and gut microbiota homeostasis in disease progression of ulcerative colitis: a review. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2021.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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10
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Di Stasi LC. Coumarin Derivatives in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020422. [PMID: 33467396 PMCID: PMC7830946 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a non-communicable disease characterized by a chronic inflammatory process of the gut and categorized into Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, both currently without definitive pharmacological treatment and cure. The unclear etiology of IBD is a limiting factor for the development of new drugs and explains the high frequency of refractory patients to current drugs, which are also related to various adverse effects, mainly after long-term use. Dissatisfaction with current therapies has promoted an increased interest in new pharmacological approaches using natural products. Coumarins comprise a large class of natural phenolic compounds found in fungi, bacteria, and plants. Coumarin and its derivatives have been reported as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds, potentially useful as complementary therapy of the IBD. These compounds produce protective effects in intestinal inflammation through different mechanisms and signaling pathways, mainly modulating immune and inflammatory responses, and protecting against oxidative stress, a central factor for IBD development. In this review, we described the main coumarin derivatives reported as intestinal anti-inflammatory products and its available pharmacodynamic data that support the protective effects of these products in the acute and subchronic phase of intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz C Di Stasi
- Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology, and Biotechnology (PhytoPharmaTech), Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 18618-689 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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11
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Horta D, Moreno-Torres M, Ramírez-Lázaro MJ, Lario S, Kuligowski J, Sanjuan-Herráez JD, Quintas G, Villoria A, Calvet X. Analysis of the Association between Fatigue and the Plasma Lipidomic Profile of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients. J Proteome Res 2020; 20:381-392. [PMID: 32969224 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing noninfectious inflammatory condition of the intestinal tract with two main phenotypes, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), and globally increasing incidence and prevalence. Nearly 80% of the IBD patients with active disease and 50% of those with inactive disease suffer fatigue with significant impairment of their quality of life. Fatigue has been associated with multiple factors in IBD patients but, in most cases, no direct cause can be identified, and risk factors in clinically quiescent IBD are contradictory. Furthermore, as the assessment of fatigue is subjective, there is an unmet clinical need for fatigue biomarkers. In this explorative study, we analyzed the plasma lipidomic profiles of 47 quiescent UC and CD patients (23 fatigued, 24 nonfatigued) using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-TOFMS). The results showed changes in lipids associated with fatigue and IBD. Significantly decreased levels of phosphatidylcholines, plasmanyls, sphingomyelins, lysophosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylinositols, phosphatidylserines, and eicosanoids were observed in patients with fatigue. Network and metabolic pathway analysis indicated a dysregulation of the arachidonic acid and glycerophospholipid metabolisms and the sphingolipid pathway. The protein-metabolite interaction network showed interactions between functionally related metabolites and proteins, displaying 40 disease-associated hidden proteins including ABDH4, GLTP, and LCAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Horta
- Digestive Diseases Service, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, 08208 Spain.,Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Spain
| | - Marta Moreno-Torres
- Unidad de Hepatología Experimental, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, 46026 Spain
| | - María José Ramírez-Lázaro
- Digestive Diseases Service, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, 08208 Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029 Spain
| | - Sergio Lario
- Digestive Diseases Service, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, 08208 Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029 Spain
| | - Julia Kuligowski
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, 46026 Spain
| | | | - Guillermo Quintas
- Health and Biomedicine, LEITAT Technological Center, Barcelona, 08028 Spain.,Unidad Analítica, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, 46026 Spain
| | - Albert Villoria
- Digestive Diseases Service, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, 08208 Spain.,Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029 Spain
| | - Xavier Calvet
- Digestive Diseases Service, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, 08208 Spain.,Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029 Spain
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12
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Giménez-Bastida JA, González-Sarrías A, Espín JC, Schneider C. Inhibition of 5-Lipoxygenase-Derived Leukotrienes and Hemiketals as a Novel Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism of Urolithins. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e2000129. [PMID: 32306507 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Urolithins (Uro), gut microbial metabolites derived from ellagic acid (EA), reach significant concentrations in the human colon. Uro-A exerts anti-inflammatory activity in animal models of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). It is hypothesized that Uro can modulate the biosynthesis of leukocyte-derived inflammatory eicosanoids from the 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and 5-LOX/COX-2 pathways, relevant in the onset and progression of IBDs, including 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (5-HETEs), leukotriene-B4 (LTB4 ), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ), and hemiketals (HKE2 and HKD2 ). METHODS AND RESULTS Leukocytes, obtained from six healthy donors, are stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and calcium ionophore A23187. Uro, at concentrations found in the human colon (1-15 µm), decrease eicosanoid biosynthesis and COX-2 levels in the activated leukocytes. In contrast, EA and conjugated Uro (glucuronides and sulfates) are inactive. Uro-A and isourolithin-A reduce the formation of the 5-LOX/COX-2 products HKE2 and HKD2 through the COX-2 pathway (down-regulation of COX-2 and PGE2), whereas Uro-C reduces 5-HETE and LTB4 via inhibition of 5-LOX. CONCLUSIONS The results show that physiologically relevant colonic Uro target eicosanoid biosynthetic pathways. The effect on HKs and LTB4 formation is unprecedented and expands the knowledge on anti-inflammatory mechanisms of Uro against IBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Giménez-Bastida
- Department of Pharmacology and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.,Laboratory of Food and Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Dept. Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Spain
| | - Antonio González-Sarrías
- Laboratory of Food and Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Dept. Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Espín
- Laboratory of Food and Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Dept. Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Spain
| | - Claus Schneider
- Department of Pharmacology and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
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13
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Nagatake T, Kunisawa J. Emerging roles of metabolites of ω3 and ω6 essential fatty acids in the control of intestinal inflammation. Int Immunol 2020; 31:569-577. [PMID: 30722032 PMCID: PMC6736389 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxy086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is continuously exposed to the external environment, which contains numerous non-self antigens, including food materials and commensal micro-organisms. For the maintenance of mucosal homeostasis, the intestinal epithelial layer and mucosal immune system simultaneously provide the first line of defense against pathogens and are tightly regulated to prevent their induction of inflammatory responses to non-pathogenic antigens. Defects in mucosal homeostasis lead to the development of inflammatory and associated intestinal diseases, such as Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, food allergy and colorectal cancer. The recent discovery of novel dietary ω3 and ω6 lipid-derived metabolites—such as resolvin, protectin, maresin, 17,18-epoxy-eicosatetraenoic acid and microbe-dependent 10-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid—and their potent biologic effects on the regulation of inflammation have initiated a new era of nutritional immunology. In this review, we update our understanding of the role of lipid metabolites in intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Nagatake
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research, and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Asagi Saito, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Kunisawa
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research, and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Asagi Saito, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.,International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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14
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Sun Y, Chen P, Zhai B, Zhang M, Xiang Y, Fang J, Xu S, Gao Y, Chen X, Sui X, Li G. The emerging role of ferroptosis in inflammation. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 127:110108. [PMID: 32234642 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 365] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a newly discovered type of cell death triggered by intracellular phospholipid peroxidation that is morphologically, biologically and genetically distinct from other types of cell death. Ferroptosis is classified as regulated necrosis and is more immunogenic than apoptosis. To date, compelling evidence indicates that ferroptosis plays an important role in inflammation, and several antioxidants functioning as ferroptosis inhibitors have been shown to exert anti-inflammatory effects in experimental models of certain diseases. Our review provides an overview of the link between ferroptosis and inflammation; a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying ferroptosis and inflammation may hasten the development of promising therapeutic strategies involving ferroptosis inhibitors to address inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Sun
- The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province and Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Holistic Integrative Pharmacy Institutes and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province and Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bingtao Zhai
- Holistic Integrative Pharmacy Institutes and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province and Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Holistic Integrative Pharmacy Institutes and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province and Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Xiang
- Holistic Integrative Pharmacy Institutes and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province and Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaheng Fang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sinan Xu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yufei Gao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Chen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinbing Sui
- The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China; Holistic Integrative Pharmacy Institutes and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province and Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Guoxiong Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China.
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15
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Arachidonic Acid Metabolism and Kidney Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153683. [PMID: 31357612 PMCID: PMC6695795 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As a major component of cell membrane lipids, Arachidonic acid (AA), being a major component of the cell membrane lipid content, is mainly metabolized by three kinds of enzymes: cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX), and cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes. Based on these three metabolic pathways, AA could be converted into various metabolites that trigger different inflammatory responses. In the kidney, prostaglandins (PG), thromboxane (Tx), leukotrienes (LTs) and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) are the major metabolites generated from AA. An increased level of prostaglandins (PGs), TxA2 and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) results in inflammatory damage to the kidney. Moreover, the LTB4-leukotriene B4 receptor 1 (BLT1) axis participates in the acute kidney injury via mediating the recruitment of renal neutrophils. In addition, AA can regulate renal ion transport through 19-hydroxystilbenetetraenoic acid (19-HETE) and 20-HETE, both of which are produced by cytochrome P450 monooxygenase. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) generated by the CYP450 enzyme also plays a paramount role in the kidney damage during the inflammation process. For example, 14 and 15-EET mitigated ischemia/reperfusion-caused renal tubular epithelial cell damage. Many drug candidates that target the AA metabolism pathways are being developed to treat kidney inflammation. These observations support an extraordinary interest in a wide range of studies on drug interventions aiming to control AA metabolism and kidney inflammation.
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16
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The Polymorphism rs17525495 of LTA4H Is Associated with Susceptibility of Crohn's Disease instead of Intestinal Tuberculosis in a Chinese Han Population. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:9537050. [PMID: 31093505 PMCID: PMC6481108 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9537050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Because of the similarity of intestinal tuberculosis and Crohn's disease in disease phenotype, differential diagnosis has always been a clinical problem. Arachidonic acid metabolites play an important role in the inflammatory response of intestinal tuberculosis and Crohn's disease. Recent studies have shown that the polymorphism locus in the promoter region of LTA4H gene affects LTB4 expression level and the susceptibility to extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Thus, we identified a total of 148 patients with intestinal tuberculosis, 145 with Crohn's disease, and 700 normal controls in this study. Methods All the study participants were local Han people from Jiangxi Province in the past eleven years. DNA was extracted from the paraffin-embedded specimens or the whole blood. The LTA4H promoter SNP (rs17525495) was genotyped with TaqMan assay. Results The T-alleles frequency was not significantly increased in patients with intestinal tuberculosis compared with healthy control group (p=0.630; OR=1.07; 95%CI=0.81-1.41), while patients with Crohn's disease have significantly increased T allele frequency compared with healthy population (p=0.032; OR=1.34; 95%CI=1.03-1.75). During treatment, the presence of the T allele significantly increased the proportion of Crohn's patients requiring glucocorticoids (p<0.05). Conclusions The T allele of LTA4H gene SNP (rs17525495) is a risk factor for Crohn's disease instead of intestinal tuberculosis. More importantly, there may be a potential association of the different genotypes of rs17525495 with the treatment efficacy of 5-ASA and glucocorticoids in patients with Crohn's disease. The association between LTA4H polymorphism and drugs therapeutic effects might contribute to the practice of precision medicine and the prediction of clinical outcomes.
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Predicting Clinical Outcomes of Cirrhosis Patients With Hepatic Encephalopathy From the Fecal Microbiome. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 8:301-318.e2. [PMID: 31004827 PMCID: PMC6718362 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Gut dysbiosis plays a role in hepatic encephalopathy (HE), while its relationship at the acute episode of overt HE (AHE), the disease progression and clinical outcomes remains unclear. We aimed to identify AHE-specific microbiome and its association to patients' outcomes. METHODS We profiled fecal microbiome changes for a cohort of 62 patients with cirrhosis and AHE i) before treatment, ii) 2-3 days after medication and iii) 2-3 months after recovery, and three control cohorts i) healthy individuals, patients with ii) compensated or iii) decompensated cirrhosis. RESULTS Comparison of the microbiome shift from compensated, decompensated cirrhosis, AHE to recovery revealed the AHE-specific gut-dysbiosis. The gut microbiome diversity was decreased during AHE, further reduced after medication, and only partially reversed during the recovery. The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes phylum in the microbiome decreased, whereas that of Firmicute, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria increased in patients during AHE compared with those with compensated cirrhosis. A total of 70 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were significantly different between AHE and decompensated cirrhosis abundances. Of them, the abundance of Veillonella parvula increased the most during AHE via a metagenomics recovery of the genomes. Moreover, the relative abundances of three (Alistipes, Bacteroides, Phascolarctobacterium) and five OTUs (Clostridium-XI, Bacteroides, Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, Clostridium-sedis) at AHE were respectively associated with HE recurrence and overall survival during the subsequent one-year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS AHE-specific gut OTUs were identified that may be involved in HE development and able to predict clinical outcomes, providing new strategies for the prevention and treatment of HE recurrence in patients with cirrhosis.
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18
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Qiu J, Lingna W, Jinghong H, Yongqing Z. Oral administration of leeches (Shuizhi): A review of the mechanisms of action on antiplatelet aggregation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 232:103-109. [PMID: 30543914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The leeches (Shuizhi) comprise approximately 680 species distributed throughout the world. As recorded, they have been used as traditional Chinese medicines since the Eastern Han Dynasty, where they were claimed for promote blood circulation and eliminate blood stasis. And have been used to prevent CVDs by exerting multiple effects when orally administered, one of which is the significant inhibition of platelet aggregation. Its ability to exert this effect has been extensively investigated in vivo and in clinical practice. AIM OF STUDY The aim of this review is to summarize and analyse the antiplatelet aggregation mechanisms of leeches by oral administration, support their therapeutic potential and uncover opportunities for future research. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant studies from 1980 to 2018 on leeches and platelet aggregation were collected from ancient books, pharmacopoeia, reports and theses via library and internet databases (PubMed, CNKI, Google Scholar, Web of science, SciFinder, Springer and Elsevier). RESULTS Leeches is a unique animal medicine, they can prevent platelet aggregation by inhibiting ADP-induced platelet aggregation, increasing PGI2, decreasing TXA2 and Ca2+, and possibly recovering endothelial cell dysfunction. Leeches also exhibit a strong ability to activate eNOS, leading to an increase in platelet-derived NO. Additionally, the pteridine compounds obtained and identified from leeches have sulfur structure similar to those of other antiplatelet aggregation agents, such as ticlopidine, clopidogrel and ticagrelor. CONCLUSION The present review has focused on the related antiplatelet aggregation mechanisms, dipyridine compounds and toxicological information of leeches. According to the reported data, leeches have emerged as a good source of natural medicine for the treatment of antiplatelet aggregation agents and also make educated guesses for material basis of effects on antiplatelet aggregation. This review can help provide new insights for further studies in association with the development of effective antiplatelet aggregation drugs from natural medicines, especially leeches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Wang Lingna
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Hu Jinghong
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Zhang Yongqing
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
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19
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Costantino E, Actis AB. Dietary Fatty Acids and Other Nutrients in Relation to Inflammation and Particularly to Oral Mucosa Inflammation. A Literature Review. Nutr Cancer 2018; 71:718-730. [PMID: 30450980 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1521439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Oral mucosa is site of inflammatory process development. When they are chronic, they provide a microenvironment based on cytokines and inflammatory mediators that contribute to cancer initiation, progression, invasion, and metastasis. Certain dietary fatty acids (FAs) have immunomodulatory, inflammatory, and antiinflammatory effects. This review examined the literature on inflammation, mainly referred to the oral mucosa, and its association with dietary FAs and other nutrients. A Pubmed search of studies published in English until June 2018 was carried out. N-3 FAs have shown immunomodulatory and antiinflammatory activity in certain human diseases. These FAs and their mediators may inhibit inflammation, angiogenesis, and cancer via multiple mechanisms. Studies on cellular models of murine and human intestinal mucosa indicate association between dietary n-3 FA intake and the inflammatory state of mucosa membranes. Nevertheless scarce information on the association between dietary FAs and oral inflammation could be found. Based on the evidence, we hypothesize that n-3 FAs reduce the oral mucosa inflammation thus decreasing the risk of developing precancerous lesions and cancer. Molecular and clinical studies referred to this topic should be carried out as a contribution to the oral cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelina Costantino
- a Cátedra B de Anatomía, Facultad de Odontología , Universidad Nacional de Córdoba , Córdoba , Argentina.,b Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), CONICET y Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba , Córdoba , Argentina
| | - Adriana Beatriz Actis
- a Cátedra B de Anatomía, Facultad de Odontología , Universidad Nacional de Córdoba , Córdoba , Argentina.,b Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), CONICET y Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba , Córdoba , Argentina
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20
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COX-2-PGE 2 Signaling Impairs Intestinal Epithelial Regeneration and Associates with TNF Inhibitor Responsiveness in Ulcerative Colitis. EBioMedicine 2018; 36:497-507. [PMID: 30190207 PMCID: PMC6197735 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF) signaling is beneficial in the management of ulcerative colitis (UC), but up to one-third of patients do not have a clinical response of relevance to TNF inhibitors during induction therapy (i.e. primary non-responders [PNRs]). Through production of prostaglandins (PGs) and thromboxanes, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) affects inflammation and epithelial regeneration and may in this way be implicated in treatment resistance to TNF inhibitors. Methods In this study, COX-2 expression was analyzed in human intestinal biopsies and patient-derived monocytes, and the downstream consequences of COX-2 activity was evaluated by assessing the influence of the down-stream effector, PGE2, on intestinal epithelial stem cell self-renewal and differentiation using primary human intestinal organoids (“mini-guts”). Findings We found that TNF stimulation induced COX-2 expression in monocytes isolated from responders (Rs), whereas COX-2 expression was constitutively high and non-inducible in monocytes from PNRs. Additionally, PGE2 in combination with proliferative signals transformed human intestinal epithelial cells to a proinflammatory state akin to flaring UC, whereas PGE2 in combination with differentiation signals supported robust mucin induction. Interpretation Our work indicates that COX-2-PGE2 signaling could be a novel target for the management of PNRs to TNF inhibitors. We additionally demonstrate that COX-2–PGE2 signaling has dual functions during tissue repair and normal lineage differentiation, explaining in part the lack of response to TNF inhibitors among PNRs. Fund This work was funded by grants from the Novo Nordisk Foundation, the Lundbeck Foundation, the Vanderbilt Digestive Disease Research Center, NIH Grants, Aase and Ejnar Danielsen's Foundation and the A.P. Møller Foundation. Monocytes derived from primary non-responders to therapy with TNF inhibitors have a higher basal expression level of COX-2. The sustained induction of PGE2 maintains an inflammatory state of TNF-stimulated intestinal epithelium. The COX-2–PGE2 pathway might be a druggable pathway to affect TNF inhibitor responsiveness.
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21
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Uribe G, Villéger R, Bressollier P, Dillard RN, Worthley DL, Wang TC, Powell DW, Urdaci MC, Pinchuk IV. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG increases cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin E2 secretion in colonic myofibroblasts via a MyD88-dependent mechanism during homeostasis. Cell Microbiol 2018; 20:e12871. [PMID: 29920917 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) plays a critical role in intestinal mucosal tolerance and barrier integrity. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-dependent PGE2 production involves mobilisation of arachidonic acid. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LbGG) is one of the most widely used probiotics reported to colonise the colonic mucosa. LbGG contributes to the protection of the small intestine against radiation injury through the repositioning of mucosal COX-2 expressing cells. However, it is unknown if LbGG modulates PGE2 production in the colonic mucosa under homeostasis and the major cellular elements involved in these processes. Colonic epithelial and CD90+ mesenchymal stromal cells, also known as (myo) fibroblasts (CMFs), are abundant innate immune cells in normal colonic mucosa able to produce PGE2 . Herein, we tested the hypothesis that under colonic mucosal homeostasis, LbGG modulates the eicosanoid pathway resulting in increased PGE2 production in both epithelial and stromal cells. Among the five tested human colonic epithelial cell lines, only exposure of Caco-2 to LbGG for 24 hr led to the mobilisation of arachidonic acid with concomitant increase in the components within the leukotriene and COX-2-dependent PGE2 pathways. By contrast, CMFs isolated from the normal human colonic mucosa responded to LbGG with increased expression of COX-2 and PGE2 in the prostaglandin pathway, but not 5-LO in the leukotriene pathway. Oral gavage of C57BL/6 mice for 5 days with LbGG (5 × 108 Colony-Forming Unit (CFU)/dose) increased COX-2 expression in the colonic mucosa. The majority of cells upregulating COX-2 protein expression were located in the colonic lamina propria and colocalised with α-SMA+ cells corresponding to the CMF phenotype. This process was myeloid differentiation factor-88-dependent, because silencing of myeloid differentiation factor-88 expression in CMFs abrogated LbGG-induced upregulation of COX-2 in culture and in vivo. Taken together, our data suggest that LbGG increases release of COX-2-mediated PGE2 , contributing to the maintenance of mucosal homeostasis in the colon and CMFs are among the major contributors to this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Uribe
- Departments of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Romain Villéger
- Departments of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Philippe Bressollier
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, University of Bordeaux, Gradignan, France
| | - Rachel N Dillard
- Departments of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel L Worthley
- Cancer Theme, University of Adelaide and SAHMRI, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Timothy C Wang
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Don W Powell
- Departments of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Maria C Urdaci
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, University of Bordeaux, Gradignan, France
| | - Irina V Pinchuk
- Departments of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.,Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
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22
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Labuschagne IL, Blaauw R. An anti-inflammatory approach to the dietary management of multiple sclerosis: a condensed review. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/16070658.2018.1465652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- IL Labuschagne
- Division of Human Nutrition, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - R Blaauw
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University , Cape Town, South Africa
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23
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Nutrition et sclérose en plaques : le point de la littérature. NUTR CLIN METAB 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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24
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Kang E, Zhou G, Yousefi M, Cayrol R, Xia J, Gruenheid S. Loss of disease tolerance during Citrobacter rodentium infection is associated with impaired epithelial differentiation and hyperactivation of T cell responses. Sci Rep 2018; 8:847. [PMID: 29339782 PMCID: PMC5770458 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17386-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrobacter rodentium is an intestinal mouse pathogen widely used as a model to study the mucosal response to infection. Inbred mouse strains suffer one of two fates following infection: self-limiting colitis or fatal diarrheal disease. We previously reported that Rspo2 is a major genetic determinant of the outcome of C. rodentium infection; Rspo2 induction during infection of susceptible mice leads to loss of intestinal function and mortality. Rspo2 induction does not impact bacterial colonization, but rather, impedes the ability of the host to tolerate C. rodentium infection. Here, we performed deep RNA sequencing and systematically analyzed the global gene expression profiles of C. rodentium-infected colon tissues from susceptible and resistant congenic mice strains to determine the common responses to infection and the Rspo2-mediated dysfunction pathway signatures associated with loss of disease tolerance. Our results highlight changes in metabolism, tissue remodeling, and host defence as common responses to infection. Conversely, increased Wnt and stem cell signatures, loss of epithelial differentiation, and exaggerated CD4+ T cell activation through increased antigen processing and presentation were specifically associated with the response to infection in susceptible mice. These data provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying intestinal dysfunction and disease tolerance during C. rodentium infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Kang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- McGill University Research Centre on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Guangyan Zhou
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Sainte Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mitra Yousefi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- McGill University Research Centre on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Romain Cayrol
- Department of Pathology and Cellular Biology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jianguo Xia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Sainte Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - Samantha Gruenheid
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
- McGill University Research Centre on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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25
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Machine Learning-Based Gene Prioritization Identifies Novel Candidate Risk Genes for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2017; 23:1516-1523. [PMID: 28795970 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000001222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic inflammatory disorders, associated with genetic, immunologic, and environmental factors. Although hundreds of genes are implicated in IBD etiology, it is likely that additional genes play a role in the disease process. We developed a machine learning-based gene prioritization method to identify novel IBD-risk genes. METHODS Known IBD genes were collected from genome-wide association studies and annotated with expression and pathway information. Using these genes, a model was trained to identify IBD-risk genes. A comprehensive list of 16,390 genes was then scored and classified. RESULTS Immune and inflammatory responses, as well as pathways such as cell adhesion, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and sulfur metabolism were identified to be related to IBD. Scores predicted for IBD genes were significantly higher than those for non-IBD genes (P < 10). There was a significant association between the score and having an IBD publication (P < 10). Overall, 347 genes had a high prediction score (>0.8). A literature review of the genes, excluding those used to train the model, identified 67 genes without any publication concerning IBD. These genes represent novel candidate IBD-risk genes, which can be targeted in future studies. CONCLUSIONS Our method successfully differentiated IBD-risk genes from non-IBD genes by using information from expression data and a multitude of gene annotations. Crucial features were defined, and we were able to detect novel candidate risk genes for IBD. These findings may help detect new IBD-risk genes and improve the understanding of IBD pathogenesis.
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26
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Statovci D, Aguilera M, MacSharry J, Melgar S. The Impact of Western Diet and Nutrients on the Microbiota and Immune Response at Mucosal Interfaces. Front Immunol 2017; 8:838. [PMID: 28804483 PMCID: PMC5532387 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent findings point toward diet having a major impact on human health. Diets can either affect the gut microbiota resulting in alterations in the host’s physiological responses or by directly targeting the host response. The microbial community in the mammalian gut is a complex and dynamic system crucial for the development and maturation of both systemic and mucosal immune responses. Therefore, the complex interaction between available nutrients, the microbiota, and the immune system are central regulators in maintaining homeostasis and fighting against invading pathogens at mucosal sites. Westernized diet, defined as high dietary intake of saturated fats and sucrose and low intake of fiber, represent a growing health risk contributing to the increased occurrence of metabolic diseases, e.g., diabetes and obesity in countries adapting a westernized lifestyle. Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and asthma are chronic mucosal inflammatory conditions of unknown etiology with increasing prevalence worldwide. These conditions have a multifactorial etiology including genetic factors, environmental factors, and dysregulated immune responses. Their increased prevalence cannot solely be attributed to genetic considerations implying that other factors such as diet can be a major contributor. Recent reports indicate that the gut microbiota and modifications thereof, due to a consumption of a diet high in saturated fats and low in fibers, can trigger factors regulating the development and/or progression of both conditions. While asthma is a disease of the airways, increasing evidence indicates a link between the gut and airways in disease development. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review on the impact of westernized diet and associated nutrients on immune cell responses and the microbiota and how these can influence the pathology of IBD and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donjete Statovci
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Mònica Aguilera
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - John MacSharry
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Silvia Melgar
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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27
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Michalak A, Mosińska P, Fichna J. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Their Derivatives: Therapeutic Value for Inflammatory, Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, and Colorectal Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:459. [PMID: 27990120 PMCID: PMC5131004 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are bioactive lipids which modulate inflammation and immunity. They gained recognition in nutritional therapy and are recommended dietary supplements. There is a growing body of evidence suggesting the usefulness of PUFAs in active therapy of various gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. In this review we briefly cover the systematics of PUFAs and their metabolites, and elaborate on their possible use in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) with focus on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and colorectal cancer (CRC). Each section describes the latest findings from in vitro and in vivo studies, with reports of clinical interventions when available.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jakub Fichna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of LodzLodz, Poland
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28
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Kunisawa J, Kiyono H. Sphingolipids and Epoxidized Lipid Metabolites in the Control of Gut Immunosurveillance and Allergy. Front Nutr 2016; 3:3. [PMID: 26858949 PMCID: PMC4728802 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2016.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal immune system ingeniously balances the distinct responses of elimination and tolerance of non-self-substances for the creation and maintenance of homeostatic environments. Accumulating evidence has recently shown that various lipids, including dietary one, are involved in the regulation of intestinal immunity and are associated with biophylaxis and immune disorders. Recent advances in the lipidomics allow the identification of novel pathways of lipid metabolism and lipid metabolites for the control of intestinal immunity. In this paper, we describe the effects and functions of lipids, especially sphingolipids and new lipid metabolites originated from dietary oil on the immunomodulation and on the development and pathogenesis of allergic diseases in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Kunisawa
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan; Division of Mucosal Immunology, International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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29
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Abstract
The question whether dietary habits and lifestyle have influence on the course of multiple sclerosis (MS) is still a matter of debate, and at present, MS therapy is not associated with any information on diet and lifestyle. Here we show that dietary factors and lifestyle may exacerbate or ameliorate MS symptoms by modulating the inflammatory status of the disease both in relapsing-remitting MS and in primary-progressive MS. This is achieved by controlling both the metabolic and inflammatory pathways in the human cell and the composition of commensal gut microbiota. What increases inflammation are hypercaloric Western-style diets, characterized by high salt, animal fat, red meat, sugar-sweetened drinks, fried food, low fiber, and lack of physical exercise. The persistence of this type of diet upregulates the metabolism of human cells toward biosynthetic pathways including those of proinflammatory molecules and also leads to a dysbiotic gut microbiota, alteration of intestinal immunity, and low-grade systemic inflammation. Conversely, exercise and low-calorie diets based on the assumption of vegetables, fruit, legumes, fish, prebiotics, and probiotics act on nuclear receptors and enzymes that upregulate oxidative metabolism, downregulate the synthesis of proinflammatory molecules, and restore or maintain a healthy symbiotic gut microbiota. Now that we know the molecular mechanisms by which dietary factors and exercise affect the inflammatory status in MS, we can expect that a nutritional intervention with anti-inflammatory food and dietary supplements can alleviate possible side effects of immune-modulatory drugs and the symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome and thus favor patient wellness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Riccio
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Rocco Rossano
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
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