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Li C, Wen Y, Tong Q, Peng Y, Yu D, Rao Y, Zeng Y. Gut microbiota-melatonin signaling axis in acute pancreatitis: Revealing the impact of gut health on pancreatic inflammation and disease severity in a case-control study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38689. [PMID: 38996098 PMCID: PMC11245267 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP), a severe inflammatory condition affecting the pancreas requires investigation into its predictors. Melatonin, a compound with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, has shown promise in managing AP. Additionally, the gut microbiota, a community of microorganisms residing in the intestines has been linked to AP development. This study aims to explore the correlation between melatonin and gut microbiota in predicting AP severity. This study involved 199 participants, with 99 diagnosed with AP and 100 serving as healthy controls. The AP patients were categorized into 2 groups based on the severity of their condition: mild AP (MAP) and severe AP (SAP). Serum melatonin levels were measured on Days 1, 3, and 5 of hospitalization, and gut microbiota composition was examined via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Other parameters were evaluated, such as the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) score, Ranson, and Acute Gastrointestinal Injury (AGI) scores. Melatonin levels were significantly lower in subjects with severe AP compared those with mild AP (18.2 ng/mL vs 32.2 ng/mL, P = .001), and melatonin levels decreased significantly in patients with AP on Days 3 and 5. The study also revealed that individuals with AP exhibited a significantly altered gut microbiota composition compared to control individuals, with a lower Shannon index and higher Simpson index. The AUCs for Simpson index and F/B ratio were significantly higher than those for other biomarkers, indicating that these gut microbiota markers may also be useful for AP prediction. The study proposes that there is a relationship between melatonin levels and the dynamics of gut microbiota profiles in relation to the severity of AP. As a result, the severity of the disease can be assessed by assessing the levels of serum melatonin and gut microbiota profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Yiyang Central Hospital, Yiyang City, China
| | - Yangfen Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Yiyang Central Hospital, Yiyang City, China
| | - Qiwen Tong
- Department of General Surgery, Yiyang Central Hospital, Yiyang City, China
| | - Yi Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Yiyang Central Hospital, Yiyang City, China
| | - Dan Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Yiyang Central Hospital, Yiyang City, China
| | - Yisong Rao
- Department of General Surgery, Yiyang Central Hospital, Yiyang City, China
| | - Yuehong Zeng
- Department of General Surgery, Yiyang Central Hospital, Yiyang City, China
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Liu J, Wen B, Huang Y, Deng G, Yan Q, Jia L. Exploring the effect of Clostridium butyricum on lung injury associated with acute pancreatitis in mice by combined 16S rRNA and metabolomics analysis. Anaerobe 2024; 87:102854. [PMID: 38614288 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2024.102854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Acute lung injury is a critical complication of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). The gut microbiota and its metabolites play an important role in SAP development and may provide new targets for AP-associated lung injury. Based on the ability to reverse AP injury, we proposed that Clostridium butyricum may reduce the potential for AP-associated lung injury by modulating with intestinal microbiota and related metabolic pathways. METHODS An AP disease model was established in mice and treated with C. butyricum. The structure and composition of the intestinal microbiota in mouse feces were analyzed by 16 S rRNA gene sequencing. Non-targeted metabolite analysis was used to quantify the microbiota derivatives. The histopathology of mouse pancreas and lung tissues was examined using hematoxylin-eosin staining. Pancreatic and lung tissues from mice were stained with immunohistochemistry and protein immunoblotting to detect inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-1β, and MCP-1. RESULTS C. butyricum ameliorated the dysregulation of microbiota diversity in a model of AP combined with lung injury and affected fatty acid metabolism by lowering triglyceride levels, which were closely related to the alteration in the relative abundance of Erysipelatoclostridium and Akkermansia. In addition, C. butyricum treatment attenuated pathological damage in the pancreatic and lung tissues and significantly suppressed the expression of inflammatory factors in mice. CONCLUSIONS C. butyricum may alleviate lung injury associated with AP by interfering with the relevant intestinal microbiota and modulating relevant metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Biyan Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Yaoxing Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Guiqing Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Qingqing Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Lin Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China.
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3
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Boicean A, Ichim C, Todor SB, Anderco P, Popa ML. The Importance of Microbiota and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Pancreatic Disorders. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:861. [PMID: 38732276 PMCID: PMC11082979 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14090861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of the intestinal microbiota in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic diseases is increasingly significant. Consequently, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is emerging as a promising therapeutic avenue for various pancreatic disorders, including cancer, pancreatitis, and type 1 diabetes (T1D). This innovative procedure entails transferring gut microbiota from healthy donors to individuals affected by pancreatic ailments with the potential to restore intestinal balance and alleviate associated symptoms. FMT represents a pioneering approach to improve patient outcomes in pancreatic diseases, offering tailored treatments customized to individual microbiomes and specific conditions. Recent research highlights the therapeutic benefits of targeting the gut microbiota for personalized interventions in pancreatic disorders. However, a comprehensive understanding of the intricate interplay between gut microbiota and pancreatic physiology warrants further investigation. The necessity for additional studies and research endeavors remains crucial, especially in elucidating both adult and pediatric cases affected by pathological pancreatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristian Ichim
- Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania; (A.B.); (S.B.T.); (P.A.); (M.L.P.)
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4
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Guo Y, Cao F, Li F. Impacts of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency on gut microbiota. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2024; 25:271-279. [PMID: 38584090 PMCID: PMC11009442 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2300070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) can be induced by various kinds of diseases, including chronic pancreatitis, acute pancreatitis, and post-pancreatectomy. The main pathogenetic mechanism of PEI involves the decline of trypsin synthesis, disorder of pancreatic fluid flow, and imbalance of secretion feedback. Animal studies have shown that PEI could induce gut bacterial overgrowth and dysbiosis, with the abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium increasing the most, which could be partially reversed by pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy. Clinical studies have also confirmed the association between PEI and the dysbiosis of gut microbiota. Pancreatic exocrine secretions and changes in duodenal pH as well as bile salt malabsorption brought about by PEI may affect and shape the abundance and composition of gut microbiota. In turn, the gut microbiota may impact the pancreatic exocrine acinus through potential bidirectional crosstalk. Going forward, more and higher-quality studies are needed that focus on the mechanism underlying the impact of PEI on the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
- Acute Pancreatitis Clinical Center of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Feng Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
- Acute Pancreatitis Clinical Center of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
- Acute Pancreatitis Clinical Center of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
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5
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Li F, Wang Z, Cao Y, Pei B, Luo X, Liu J, Ge P, Luo Y, Ma S, Chen H. Intestinal Mucosal Immune Barrier: A Powerful Firewall Against Severe Acute Pancreatitis-Associated Acute Lung Injury via the Gut-Lung Axis. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:2173-2193. [PMID: 38617383 PMCID: PMC11016262 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s448819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of severe acute pancreatitis-associated acute lung injury (SAP-ALI), which is the leading cause of mortality among hospitalized patients in the intensive care unit, remains incompletely elucidated. The intestinal mucosal immune barrier is a crucial component of the intestinal epithelial barrier, and its aberrant activation contributes to the induction of sustained pro-inflammatory immune responses, paradoxical intercellular communication, and bacterial translocation. In this review, we firstly provide a comprehensive overview of the composition of the intestinal mucosal immune barrier and its pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of SAP-ALI. Secondly, the mechanisms of its crosstalk with gut microbiota, which is called gut-lung axis, and its effect on SAP-ALI were summarized. Finally, a number of drugs that could enhance the intestinal mucosal immune barrier and exhibit potential anti-SAP-ALI activities were presented, including probiotics, glutamine, enteral nutrition, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The aim is to offer a theoretical framework based on the perspective of the intestinal mucosal immune barrier to protect against SAP-ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Li
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengjian Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinan Cao
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Boliang Pei
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Luo
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Ge
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yalan Luo
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shurong Ma
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hailong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
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Liu J, Yan Q, Li S, Jiao J, Hao Y, Zhang G, Zhang Q, Luo F, Zhang Y, Lv Q, Zhang W, Zhang A, Song H, Xin Y, Ma Y, Owusu L, Ma X, Yin P, Shang D. Integrative metagenomic and metabolomic analyses reveal the potential of gut microbiota to exacerbate acute pancreatitis. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2024; 10:29. [PMID: 38514648 PMCID: PMC10957925 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00499-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Early dysbiosis in the gut microbiota may contribute to the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP), however, a comprehensive understanding of the gut microbiome, potential pathobionts, and host metabolome in individuals with AP remains elusive. Hence, we employed fecal whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing in 82 AP patients and 115 matched healthy controls, complemented by untargeted serum metabolome and lipidome profiling in a subset of participants. Analyses of the gut microbiome in AP patients revealed reduced diversity, disrupted microbial functions, and altered abundance of 77 species, influenced by both etiology and severity. AP-enriched species, mostly potential pathobionts, correlated positively with host liver function and serum lipid indicators. Conversely, many AP-depleted species were short-chain fatty acid producers. Gut microflora changes were accompanied by shifts in the serum metabolome and lipidome. Specifically, certain gut species, like enriched Bilophila wadsworthia and depleted Bifidobacterium spp., appeared to contribute to elevated triglyceride levels in biliary or hyperlipidemic AP patients. Through culturing and whole-genome sequencing of bacterial isolates, we identified virulence factors and clinically relevant antibiotic resistance in patient-derived strains, suggesting a predisposition to opportunistic infections. Finally, our study demonstrated that gavage of specific pathobionts could exacerbate pancreatitis in a caerulein-treated mouse model. In conclusion, our comprehensive analysis sheds light on the gut microbiome and serum metabolome in AP, elucidating the role of pathobionts in disease progression. These insights offer valuable perspectives for etiologic diagnosis, prevention, and intervention in AP and related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Liu
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qiulong Yan
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | | | - Juying Jiao
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yiming Hao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guixin Zhang
- Pancreaticobiliary Centre, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qingkai Zhang
- Pancreaticobiliary Centre, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Fei Luo
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Puensum Genetech Institute, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingbo Lv
- Puensum Genetech Institute, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenzhe Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | | | - Huiyi Song
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yi Xin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yufang Ma
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lawrence Owusu
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaochi Ma
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Peiyuan Yin
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Dong Shang
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
- Pancreaticobiliary Centre, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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7
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Qiu YF, Ye J, Xie JJ, Mao XT, Liu YL, Fang Q, Qian YY, Zou WB, Cao Y, Liao Z. Pancreatitis affects gut microbiota via metabolites and inflammatory cytokines: an exploratory two-step Mendelian randomisation study. Mol Genet Genomics 2024; 299:36. [PMID: 38492113 PMCID: PMC10944441 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-024-02125-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies have observed relationships between pancreatitis and gut microbiota; however, specific changes in gut microbiota abundance and underlying mechanisms in pancreatitis remain unknown. Metabolites are important for gut microbiota to fulfil their biological functions, and changes in the metabolic and immune environments are closely linked to changes in microbiota abundance. We aimed to clarify the mechanisms of gut-pancreas interactions and explore the possible role of metabolites and the immune system. To this end, we conducted two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis to evaluate the casual links between four different types of pancreatitis and gut microbiota, metabolites, and inflammatory cytokines. A two-step MR analysis was conducted to further evaluate the probable mediating pathways involving metabolites and inflammatory cytokines in the causal relationship between pancreatitis and gut microbiota. In total, six potential mediators were identified in the causal relationship between pancreatitis and gut microbiota. Nineteen species of gut microbiota and seven inflammatory cytokines were genetically associated with the four types of pancreatitis. Metabolites involved in glucose and amino acid metabolisms were genetically associated with chronic pancreatitis, and those involved in lipid metabolism were genetically associated with acute pancreatitis. Our study identified alterations in the gut microbiota, metabolites, and inflammatory cytokines in pancreatitis at the genetic level and found six potential mediators of the pancreas-gut axis, which may provide insights into the precise diagnosis of pancreatitis and treatment interventions for gut microbiota to prevent the exacerbation of pancreatitis. Future studies could elucidate the mechanism underlying the association between pancreatitis and the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jun Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jin-Jin Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Mao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yi-Long Liu
- College of Basic Medicine Sciences, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yang-Yang Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wen-Bin Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Zhuan Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Wang LJ, Jin YL, Pei WL, Li JC, Zhang RL, Wang JJ, Lin W. Amuc_1100 pretreatment alleviates acute pancreatitis in a mouse model through regulating gut microbiota and inhibiting inflammatory infiltration. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:570-580. [PMID: 38012292 PMCID: PMC10834448 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01186-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Amuc_1100 is a membrane protein from Akkermansia muciniphila, which has been found to play a role in host immunological homeostasis in the gastrointestinal tract by activating TLR2 and TLR4. In this study we investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of Amuc_1100 on acute pancreatitis (AP) induced in mice by intraperitoneal injection of caerulein and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The mice were treated with the protein Amuc_1100 (3 μg, i.g.) for 20 days before caerulein injection. Cecal contents of the mice were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing. We found that pretreatment with Amuc_1100 significantly alleviated AP-associated pancreatic injury, reduced serum amylase and lipase. Amuc_1100 pretreatment significantly inhibited the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ and IL-6) in spleen and pancreas through inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway. Moreover, Amuc_1100 pretreatment significantly decreased the inflammatory infiltration, accompanied by the reduction of Ly6C+ macrophages and neutrophils in the spleen of AP mice. Gut microbiome analysis showed that the abundance of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Desulfobacterota and Campilobacterota was decreased, while the proportion of Firmicutes and Actinobacteriota was increased in AP mice pretreated with Amuc_1100. We further demonstrated that Amuc_1100 pretreatment restored the enrichment of tryptophan metabolism, which was mediated by intestinal flora. These results provide new evidence that Amuc_1100 lessens the severity of AP through its anti-inflammatory properties with a reduction of macrophages and neutrophil infiltration, as well as its regulation of the composition of intestinal flora and tryptophan metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yuan-Ling Jin
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wen-Long Pei
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Jia-Cong Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Rui-Lin Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jia-Ju Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Dike CR, Ollberding NJ, Thompson T, Kotha N, Minar P, Vitale DS, Lin TK, Nasr A, Denson LA, Haslam DB, Abu-El-Haija M. Acute pancreatitis is associated with gut dysbiosis in children. Dig Liver Dis 2024; 56:444-450. [PMID: 37932168 PMCID: PMC10921998 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2023.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric acute pancreatitis (AP) is associated with significant morbidity. Therefore, improved understanding of children who will develop severe AP is critical. Adult studies have reported AP associated gut dysbiosis, but pediatric studies are lacking. AIMS Assess stool microbial taxonomic and functional profiles of children with first attack of AP compared to those of healthy controls (HC), and between mild and severe AP METHODS: Children under 21 years hospitalized at a tertiary center (n = 30) with first AP attack were recruited including HC (n = 34) from same region. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was performed on extracted DNA. RESULTS Demographics were similar between AP and HC. Alpha diversity (-0.68 ± 0.13, p-value < 0.001), and beta-diversity (R2=0.13, p-value < 0.001) differed, in children with AP compared to HC. Species including R.gnavus, V.parvula, E.faecalis, C.innocuum were enriched in AP. MetaCyc pathways involved in amino acid metabolism and fatty acid beta-oxidation were enriched in AP. Beta-diversity (R2=0.06, p-value = 0.02) differed for severe AP compared to mild AP with enrichment in E.faecalis and C.citroniae. CONCLUSIONS Gut dysbiosis occurs in pediatric AP and is associated with AP severity. A multicenter study confirming these findings could pave way for interventional trials manipulating the gut microbiome to mitigate AP severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinenye R Dike
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Nebraska Medical Center and Children's Hospital & Medical Center, Omaha, NE USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA.
| | - Nicholas J Ollberding
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Tyler Thompson
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Nicole Kotha
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Phillip Minar
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - David S Vitale
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Tom K Lin
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Alexander Nasr
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Lee A Denson
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - David B Haslam
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Maisam Abu-El-Haija
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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10
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Xu H, Wen Q, Hu H, Yang S, Lu L, Hu X, Li H, Huang X, Li N. Electroacupuncture at ST36 modulates the intestinal microecology and may help repair the intestinal barrier in the rat model of severe acute pancreatitis. Microb Biotechnol 2024; 17:e14401. [PMID: 38381095 PMCID: PMC10880739 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) onset and development are closely associated with intestinal barrier injury. Evidence from clinical practice and research has shown that electroacupuncture (EA) at the Zusanli (ST36) acupoint can improve intestinal barrier function and abdominal symptoms in patients with SAP; however, the specific mechanisms of action remain unclear. This study aimed to observe the changes in the intestinal microbiota and metabolites in SAP rats and to explore the effect of EA at ST36 on intestinal barrier injury in SAP rats. 16S rRNA gene sequencing combined with microbial diversity analysis, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-targeted metabolomics, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, western blotting, and other techniques were used to explore the mechanism of EA at bilateral ST36 acupoints on SAP-related intestinal barrier injury. Our results showed that EA at ST36 could repair intestinal barrier injury by modulating intestinal microecology, thereby reducing intestinal inflammation, restoring intestinal function, and ultimately alleviating the prognosis of SAP. Our study provides new insights into the mechanisms and treatment of intestinal barrier injury in patients with SAP from the perspectives of microbiota and SCFAs regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Xu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Qian Wen
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Hangqi Hu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Sihao Yang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineYibin Second People's HospitalYibinSichuanChina
| | - Lingyun Lu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Xiangyun Hu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuanChina
| | - Hao Li
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Xianhao Huang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Ning Li
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
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11
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Zhou R, Wu Q, Yang Z, Cai Y, Wang D, Wu D. The Role of the Gut Microbiome in the Development of Acute Pancreatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1159. [PMID: 38256232 PMCID: PMC10816839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
With the explosion research on the gut microbiome in the recent years, much insight has been accumulated in comprehending the crosstalk between the gut microbiota community and host health. Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the gastrointestinal diseases associated with significant morbidity and subsequent mortality. Studies have elucidated that gut microbiota are engaged in the pathological process of AP. Herein, we summarize the major roles of the gut microbiome in the development of AP. We then portray the association between dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and the severity of AP. Finally, we illustrate the promises and challenges that arise when seeking to incorporate the microbiome in acute pancreatitis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruilin Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (R.Z.); (Z.Y.); (Y.C.)
| | - Qingyang Wu
- Eight-Year Medical Doctor Program, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (Q.W.); (D.W.)
| | - Zihan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (R.Z.); (Z.Y.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yanna Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (R.Z.); (Z.Y.); (Y.C.)
| | - Duan Wang
- Eight-Year Medical Doctor Program, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (Q.W.); (D.W.)
| | - Dong Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (R.Z.); (Z.Y.); (Y.C.)
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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12
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Li X, Li Y, He C, Zhu Y. Bibliometric analysis of pancreatic diseases and gut microbiota research from 2002 to 2022. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23483. [PMID: 38187305 PMCID: PMC10767372 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background An increasing number of studies have indicated that pancreatic diseases are associated with the structure of the gut microbiota. We aimed to assess the research hotspots and trends in this field through a quantitative method. Materials and methods Articles related to pancreatic diseases and the gut microbiota published from 2002 to 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science database. We visualized the countries/regions, institutions, authors, journals, and keywords using VOSviewer and CiteSpace software. The interplay between pancreatic diseases and the gut microbiota was also analysed. Results A total of 129 publications were finally identified. The number of papers increased gradually, and China held the dominant position with respect to publication output. Shanghai Jiao Tong University was the most influential institution. Zeng Yue ranked highest in the number of papers, and Scientific Reports was the most productive journal. The keywords "gut", "bacterial translocation", and "acute pancreatitis" appeared early for the first time, and "gut microbiota", "community", and "diversity" have been increasingly focused on. The predominant pancreatic disease correlated with the gut microbiota was pancreatic inflammatory disease (50.39%). Pancreatic diseases are associated with alterations in the gut microbiota, characterized by a decrease in beneficial bacteria and an increase in harmful bacteria. Conclusion This is the first comprehensive bibliometric analysis of all pancreatic diseases and the gut microbiota. The research on the relationship between them is still in the preliminary stage, and the trend is toward a gradual deepening of the research and precise treatment development. The interaction between the gut microbiota and pancreatic diseases will be of increasing concern in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- HuanKui Academy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Cong He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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13
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Zhang C, Li G, Lu T, Liu L, Sui Y, Bai R, Li L, Sun B. The Interaction of Microbiome and Pancreas in Acute Pancreatitis. Biomolecules 2023; 14:59. [PMID: 38254659 PMCID: PMC10813032 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common acute abdomen disease characterized by the pathological activation of digestive enzymes and the self-digestion of pancreatic acinar cells. Secondary infection and sepsis are independent prognosticators for AP progression and increased mortality. Accumulating anatomical and epidemiological evidence suggests that the dysbiosis of gut microbiota affects the etiology and severity of AP through intestinal barrier disruption, local or systemic inflammatory response, bacterial translocation, and the regulatory role of microbial metabolites in AP patients and animal models. Recent studies discussing the interactions between gut microbiota and the pancreas have opened new scopes for AP, and new therapeutic interventions that target the bacteria community have received substantial attention. This review concentrates on the alterations of gut microbiota and its roles in modulating gut-pancreas axis in AP. The potential therapies of targeting microbes as well as the major challenges of applying those interventions are explored. We expect to understand the roles of microbes in AP diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; (C.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Guanqun Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; (C.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Tianqi Lu
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; (C.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Liwei Liu
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; (C.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yuhang Sui
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; (C.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Rui Bai
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; (C.Z.)
| | - Le Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; (C.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Bei Sun
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; (C.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
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14
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Zhao M, Cui M, Jiang Q, Wang J, Lu Y. Profile of Pancreatic and Ileal Microbiota in Experimental Acute Pancreatitis. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2707. [PMID: 38004720 PMCID: PMC10672832 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is accompanied by gut microbiota dysbiosis. However, the composition of the pancreatic and ileal microbiota associated with AP is still unknown. This study aims to examine the alterations in the microbial composition of the pancreas and ileum in the context of experimental acute pancreatitis, as well as explore the potential interplay between these two regions. Methods: Caerulein (CAE), caerulein+lipopolysaccharide (CAE+LPS), and L-arginine (ARG) were used to induce AP in mice. The pancreas and ileum were collected for histological study and bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results showed microbial structural segregation between the AP and control groups and between ARG and the two CAE groups (CAE, CAE+LPS) in the pancreas and ileum. Taxonomic analysis at the genus level and linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) at the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) level illustrated that AP mice exhibited a marked increase in the relative abundance of Muribaculaceae and a decrease in that of Dietzia both in the pancreas and ileum, and a reduction in Bifidobacterium only in the ileum; in addition, Roseburia was enriched in the two CAE groups in the pancreas and/or ileum, while Escherichia-Shigella expanded in the pancreas of the ARG group. Spearman correlation analysis between pancreatic and ileal microbiota revealed that the abundance of Muribaculaceae and Dietzia in the pancreas was related to that in the ileum. These findings demonstrated that caerulein and L-arginine differentially disturbed the pancreatic and ileal microbiota when inducing AP. Furthermore, these findings provide preliminary support for an association between the microbiota of the pancreas and ileum, which could be caused by AP-induced microbial translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China; (M.Z.); (M.C.)
| | - Mengyan Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China; (M.Z.); (M.C.)
| | - Qiaoli Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiading Branch of Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201812, China;
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yingying Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China; (M.Z.); (M.C.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiading Branch of Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201812, China;
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15
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Wu L, Hu J, Yi X, Lv J, Yao J, Tang W, Zhang S, Wan M. Gut microbiota interacts with inflammatory responses in acute pancreatitis. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2023; 16:17562848231202133. [PMID: 37829561 PMCID: PMC10566291 DOI: 10.1177/17562848231202133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the most common acute abdominal conditions, and its incidence has been increasing for years. Approximately 15-20% of patients develop severe AP (SAP), which is complicated by critical inflammatory injury and intestinal dysfunction. AP-associated inflammation can lead to the gut barrier and function damage, causing dysbacteriosis and facilitating intestinal microbiota migration. Pancreatic exocrine deficiency and decreased levels of antimicrobial peptides in AP can also lead to abnormal growth of intestinal bacteria. Meanwhile, intestinal microbiota migration influences the pancreatic microenvironment and affects the severity of AP, which, in turn, exacerbates the systemic inflammatory response. Thus, the interaction between the gut microbiota (GM) and the inflammatory response may be a key pathogenic feature of SAP. Treating either of these factors or breaking their interaction may offer some benefits for SAP treatment. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of interaction of the GM and inflammation in AP and factors that can deteriorate or even cure both, including some traditional Chinese medicine treatments, to provide new methods for studying AP pathogenesis and developing therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjun Wu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Hospital of Chinese Traditional Medicine of Leshan, Leshan, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China
- Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Hospital of Chinese Traditional Medicine of Leshan, Leshan, China
| | - Xiaolin Yi
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China
- Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Intensive Care Unit, Suining Municipal Hospital of TCM, Suining, China
| | - Jianqin Lv
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China
- Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaqi Yao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China
- Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenfu Tang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China
- Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Emergency Medical Laboratory, West China
- Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo Xue Road 37, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Meihua Wan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China
- Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo Xue Road 37, Chengdu 610041, China
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16
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Li G, Liu L, Lu T, Sui Y, Zhang C, Wang Y, Zhang T, Xie Y, Xiao P, Zhao Z, Cheng C, Hu J, Chen H, Xue D, Chen H, Wang G, Kong R, Tan H, Bai X, Li Z, McAllister F, Li L, Sun B. Gut microbiota aggravates neutrophil extracellular traps-induced pancreatic injury in hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6179. [PMID: 37794047 PMCID: PMC10550972 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41950-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis (HTGP) is featured by higher incidence of complications and poor clinical outcomes. Gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with pancreatic injury in HTGP and the mechanism remains unclear. Here, we observe lower diversity of gut microbiota and absence of beneficial bacteria in HTGP patients. In a fecal microbiota transplantation mouse model, the colonization of gut microbiota from HTGP patients recruits neutrophils and increases neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation that exacerbates pancreatic injury and systemic inflammation. We find that decreased abundance of Bacteroides uniformis in gut microbiota impairs taurine production and increases IL-17 release in colon that triggers NETs formation. Moreover, Bacteroides uniformis or taurine inhibits the activation of NF-κB and IL-17 signaling pathways in neutrophils which harness NETs and alleviate pancreatic injury. Our findings establish roles of endogenous Bacteroides uniformis-derived metabolic and inflammatory products on suppressing NETs release, which provides potential insights of ameliorating HTGP through gut microbiota modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanqun Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Liwei Liu
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Tianqi Lu
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yuhang Sui
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Can Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yongwei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yu Xie
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Zhongjie Zhao
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Chundong Cheng
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Jisheng Hu
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Hongze Chen
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Dongbo Xue
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Rui Kong
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Hongtao Tan
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Xuewei Bai
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Zhibo Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Florencia McAllister
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Clinical Cancer Genetics Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Le Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Bei Sun
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150001, China.
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17
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Zakko A, Belanger MJ, Gardner TB. Things We Do for No Reason™: Nil per os for acute pancreatitis. J Hosp Med 2023; 18:938-940. [PMID: 36691790 DOI: 10.1002/jhm.13047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alan Zakko
- Hospital Medicine-Northeast Medical Group, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Matthew J Belanger
- Hospital Medicine-Northeast Medical Group, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Timothy B Gardner
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
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18
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Rădulescu PM, Căluianu EI, Traşcă ET, Mercuţ D, Georgescu I, Georgescu EF, Ciupeanu-Călugăru ED, Mercuţ MF, Mercuţ R, Padureanu V, Streba CT, Călăraşu C, Rădulescu D. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Outcomes in Acute Pancreatitis: A Propensity Score Matched Study Comparing before and during the Pandemic. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2446. [PMID: 37510190 PMCID: PMC10378087 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13142446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the outcomes and survival of patients with acute pancreatitis who shared the same clinical form, age, and sex before the pandemic, during the pandemic, and among those with confirmed COVID-19 infection upon hospital admission. This consideration used the sparse data in the existing literature on the influence of the pandemic and COVID-19 infection on patients with acute pancreatitis. To accomplish this, we conducted a multicentric, retrospective case-control study using propensity score matching with a 2:1 match of 28 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and acute pancreatitis, with 56 patients with acute pancreatitis pre-pandemic, and 56 patients with acute pancreatitis during the pandemic. The study outcome demonstrated a six-fold relative risk of death in patients with acute pancreatitis and SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to those with acute pancreatitis before the pandemic. Furthermore, restrictive measures implemented during the pandemic period led to a partial delay in the care of patients with acute pancreatitis, which likely resulted in an impairment of their immune state. This, in certain circumstances, resulted in a restriction of surgical treatment indications, leading to a three-fold relative risk of death in patients with acute pancreatitis during the pandemic compared to those with acute pancreatitis before the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Irina Căluianu
- General Surgery Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Emil Tiberius Traşcă
- General Surgery Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Dorin Mercuţ
- General Surgery Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Ion Georgescu
- General Surgery Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Eugen Florin Georgescu
- General Surgery Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | | | - Maria Filoftea Mercuţ
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Răzvan Mercuţ
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Vlad Padureanu
- Internal Medicine Department, Country Hospital of Craiova, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Costin Teodor Streba
- Department of Pneumology, University of Pharmacy and Medicine Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Cristina Călăraşu
- Department of Pneumology, University of Pharmacy and Medicine Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Dumitru Rădulescu
- General Surgery Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
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19
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Malhotra P, Palanisamy R, Caparros-Martin JA, Falasca M. Bile Acids and Microbiota Interplay in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3573. [PMID: 37509236 PMCID: PMC10377396 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests the involvement of the microbiota, including oral, intra-tumoral and gut, in pancreatic cancer progression and response to therapy. The gut microbiota modulates the bile acid pool and is associated with maintaining host physiology. Studies have shown that the bile acid/gut microbiota axis is dysregulated in pancreatic cancer. Bile acid receptor expression and bile acid levels are dysregulated in pancreatic cancer as well. Studies have also shown that bile acids can cause pancreatic cell injury and facilitate cancer cell proliferation. The microbiota and its metabolites, including bile acids, are also altered in other conditions considered risk factors for pancreatic cancer development and can alter responses to chemotherapeutic treatments, thus affecting patient outcomes. Altogether, these findings suggest that the gut microbial and/or bile acid profiles could also serve as biomarkers for pancreatic cancer detection. This review will discuss the current knowledge on the interaction between gut microbiota interaction and bile acid metabolism in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Malhotra
- Metabolic Signalling Group, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Ranjith Palanisamy
- Metabolic Signalling Group, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | | | - Marco Falasca
- Metabolic Signalling Group, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
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Jia F, Li F, Bai KS, Zou XL. Current status and advancements in research of gut microecology in acute pancreatitis. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2023; 31:521-527. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v31.i13.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the most common acute abdominal conditions in clinical practice, with increasing incidence and substantial healthcare burden. In recent years, substantial research with high-throughput sequencing technologies has revealed the imbalance between beneficial and pathogenic microbiomes as well as their metabolites during the clinical course of AP. Furthermore, disruption of the intestinal barrier and microbial translocation have been identified as important factors exacerbating systemic inflammatory response and subsequent infectious complications in AP. Maintaining a stable gastrointestinal microecology in patients may help prevent gut-derived infection and attenuate the "second hit" of inflammation induced by AP, thereby improving patient outcomes. This article provides a systematic review of the role of intestinal microbiota and microbial metabolites in the progression of AP, as well as potential therapeutic strategies, in order to offer insights into the understanding of AP pathogenesis and the identification of novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jia
- Duerbote County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Daqing 163000, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Qunli Branch, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Qunli Branch, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Qunli Branch, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Kai-Song Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Qunli Branch, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Qunli Branch, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Long Zou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Qunli Branch, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Qunli Branch, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
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Yazici C, Thaker S, Castellanos KK, Al Rashdan H, Huang Y, Sarraf P, Boulay B, Grippo P, Gaskins HR, Danielson KK, Papachristou GI, Tussing-Humphreys L, Dai Y, Mutlu ER, Layden BT. Diet, Gut Microbiome, and Their End Metabolites Associate With Acute Pancreatitis Risk. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2023; 14:e00597. [PMID: 37162146 PMCID: PMC10371326 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diet and decreased gut microbiome diversity has been associated with acute pancreatitis (AP) risk. However, differences in dietary intake, gut microbiome, and their impact on microbial end metabolites have not been studied in AP. We aimed to determine differences in (i) dietary intake (ii) gut microbiome diversity and sulfidogenic bacterial abundance, and (iii) serum short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) and hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) concentrations in AP and control subjects. METHODS This case-control study recruited 54 AP and 46 control subjects during hospitalization. Clinical and diet data and stool and blood samples were collected. 16S rDNA sequencing was used to determine gut microbiome alpha diversity and composition. Serum SCFA and H 2 S levels were measured. Machine learning (ML) model was used to identify microbial targets associated with AP. RESULTS AP patients had a decreased intake of vitamin D 3 , whole grains, fish, and beneficial eicosapentaenoic, docosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids. AP patients also had lower gut microbiome diversity ( P = 0.021) and a higher abundance of sulfidogenic bacteria including Veillonella sp. and Haemophilus sp., which were associated with AP risk. Serum acetate and H 2 S concentrations were significantly higher in the AP group ( P < 0.001 and P = 0.043, respectively). ML model had 96% predictive ability to distinguish AP patients from controls. DISCUSSION AP patients have decreased beneficial nutrient intake and gut microbiome diversity. An increased abundance of H 2 S-producing genera in the AP and SCFA-producing genera in the control group and predictive ability of ML model to distinguish AP patients indicates that diet, gut microbiota, and their end metabolites play a key role in AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemal Yazici
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sarang Thaker
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Karla K. Castellanos
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Haya Al Rashdan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yongchao Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Paya Sarraf
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Brian Boulay
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Paul Grippo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - H. Rex Gaskins
- Department of Animal Sciences, Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Kirstie K. Danielson
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Georgios I. Papachristou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Lisa Tussing-Humphreys
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yang Dai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ece R. Mutlu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Brian T. Layden
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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22
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Huang Z, Wu H, Fan J, Mei Q, Fu Y, Yin N, Xu B, Luo S, Li B, Ni J, Huang C, Hu J, Zeng Y. Colonic mucin-2 attenuates acute necrotizing pancreatitis in rats by modulating intestinal homeostasis. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22994. [PMID: 37249555 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201998r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Mucin-2 (MUC2) secreted by goblet cells participates in the intestinal barrier, but its mechanism in acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) remains unclear. In acute pancreatitis (AP) patients, the functions of goblet cells (MUC2, FCGBP, CLCA1, and TFF3) decreased, and MUC2 was negatively correlated with AP severity. ANP rats treated with pilocarpine (PILO) (PILO+ANP rats) to deplete MUC2 showed more serious pancreatic and colonic injuries, goblet cell dysfunction, gut dysbiosis, and bacterial translocation than those of ANP rats. GC-MS analysis of feces showed that PILO+ANP rats had lower levels of butyric acid, isobutyric acid, isovaleric acid, and hexanoic acid than those of ANP rats. The expression of MUC2 was associated with colonic injury and gut dysbiosis. All these phenomena could be relieved, and goblet cell functions were also partially reversed by MUC2 supplementation in ANP rats. TNF-α-treated colonoids had exacerbated goblet cell dysfunction. MUC2 expression was negatively correlated with the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6) (p < .05) and positively related to the expression of tight junction proteins (Claudin 1, Occludin, and ZO1) (p < .05). Downregulating MUC2 by siRNA increased the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines in colonoids. MUC2 might maintain intestinal homeostasis to alleviate ANP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huimin Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qixiang Mei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nuoming Yin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Binqiang Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengzheng Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Baiwen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianbo Ni
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunlan Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zeng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Severino A, Varca S, Airola C, Mezza T, Gasbarrini A, Franceschi F, Candelli M, Nista EC. Antibiotic Utilization in Acute Pancreatitis: A Narrative Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1120. [PMID: 37508216 PMCID: PMC10376815 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12071120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis is a complex inflammatory disease with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite advances in its management, the role of antibiotics in the prophylaxis and treatment of acute pancreatitis remains controversial. The aim of this comprehensive review is to analyze current evidence on the use of antibiotics in acute pancreatitis, focusing on prophylactic and therapeutic strategies. Prophylactic use aims to prevent local and systemic infections. However, recent studies have questioned the routine use of antibiotics for prophylaxis and highlighted the potential risks of antibiotic resistance and adverse effects. In selected high-risk cases, such as infected necrotizing pancreatitis, prophylactic antibiotic therapy may still be beneficial. As for therapeutic use, antibiotics are usually used to treat infected pancreatic necrosis and extrapancreatic infections. When selecting an antibiotic, the microbiologic profile and local resistance patterns should be considered. Combination therapy with broad-spectrum antibiotics is often recommended to cover both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. Recent research has highlighted the importance of individualized approaches to antibiotic use in acute pancreatitis and underscored the need for a tailored approach based on patient-specific factors. This review also highlights the potential role of new antimicrobial agents and alternative strategies, such as probiotics, in the management of acute pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Severino
- Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Varca
- Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Airola
- Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Mezza
- Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Franceschi
- Department of Emergency, Anesthesiological and Reanimation Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Candelli
- Department of Emergency, Anesthesiological and Reanimation Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Celestino Nista
- Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
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24
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Yan X, Li J, Wu D. The Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Acute Pancreatitis. Molecules 2023; 28:4985. [PMID: 37446647 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28134985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a digestive emergency and can develop into a systematic illness. The role of the gut in the progression and deterioration of AP has drawn much attention from researchers, and areas of interest include dysbiosis of the intestinal flora, weakened intestinal barrier function, and bacterial and endotoxin translocation. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as one of the metabolites of gut microbiota, have been proven to be depleted in AP patients. SCFAs help restore gut homeostasis by rebuilding gut flora, stabilizing the intestinal epithelial barrier, and regulating inflammation. SCFAs can also suppress systematic inflammatory responses, improve the injured pancreas, and prevent and protect other organ dysfunctions. Based on multiple beneficial effects, increasing SCFAs is an essential idea of gut protective treatment in AP. Specific strategies include the direct use of butyrate or indirect supplementation through fiber, pre/pro/synbiotics, or fecal microbiota transplantation as a promising adjective therapy to enteral nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaxiao Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
- Eight-Year Medical Doctor Program, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jianing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Dong Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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25
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Zhao MQ, Cui MY, Jiang QL, Wang JJ, Fan MY, Lu YY. Characterization of Duodenal Microbiota in Patients with Acute Pancreatitis and Healthy Controls. Dig Dis Sci 2023:10.1007/s10620-023-07948-8. [PMID: 37258979 PMCID: PMC10352172 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-023-07948-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in acute pancreatitis correlates with the severity of the disease. However, corresponding studies on the microbial composition of the duodenal mucosa of patients are uncommon. METHODS Duodenal mucosal biopsies were collected by gastroscopy from 16 patients with mild acute pancreatitis (the Ap group) and 16 healthy individuals (the control group) and subjected to histological studies as well as bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Caerulein and L-arginine were used to induce mild acute pancreatitis (MAP) and severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) in mice, respectively, and their pancreas and duodenum were collected for histological studies. RESULTS H&E analysis displayed no significant pathological damage in the descending duodenum of patients with acute pancreatitis compared with that of the controls. Immunofluorescence and Real-time PCR revealed that the expressions of tight junction proteins (TJPs) in duodenal mucosa were decreased in acute pancreatitis. The results of the alpha diversity analysis revealed no significant difference between the two groups, while LEfSe and the random forest revealed a few differences, indicating that the descending duodenum mucosal microbiota changed slightly in patients with mild acute pancreatitis. We observed the pathological changes and the expression of TJPs in the duodenum in the three groups of mice and found that SAP mice had more severe pathological damage in the duodenum. Furthermore, the expression of TJPs in the duodenum was lower in the MAP and SAP groups of mice compared to control mice, but it was similar in both groups. CONCLUSION Patients with mild acute pancreatitis had mild duodenal barrier dysfunction and slight changes in duodenal mucosal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Qi Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Yan Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiao-Li Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiading Branch of Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Jing-Jing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao-Yan Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Ying Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiading Branch of Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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26
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Zhang W, Xu X, Cai L, Cai X. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome in elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7797. [PMID: 37179446 PMCID: PMC10182990 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34765-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fecal samples from participants aged 60-80 were collected and sequenced by a high-throughput second-generation sequencer to explore the structural composition of gut microbiota in elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). Comparison of gut microbiota between patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and healthy controls, α diversity and β diversity were statistically different. At the genus level, compared with the normal group, the abundance of A Blautia, Fusicatenibacter, Anaerostipes, Lachnospiraceae_ND3007_group, CAG-56, Eggerthella, Lachnospiraceae_FCS020_group and Olsenella were decreased significantly in the LC group. In contrast, the abundance of Escherichia-Shigella, Fusobacterium, Megasphaera, Veillonella, Tyzzerella_4, Prevotella_2 and Cronobacter increased significantly. The KEGG and COG pathway analyses showed that the dysbiosis of gut bacteria in primary liver carcinoma is associated with several pathways, including amino acid metabolism, replication and repair, nucleotide metabolism, cell motility, cell growth and death, and transcription. Age is negatively associated with the abundance of Bifidobacterium. Lachnospiraceae_ ND3007_ group, [Eubacterium]_hallii_group, Blautia, Fuscatenibacter and Anaerostipes are negatively correlated with ALT, AST and GGT levels (p < 0.05), respectively. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is positively associated with the abundance of Erysipelatoclostridium, Magasphaera, Prevotella 2, Escherichia-Shigella, Streptococcus and [Eubacterium]_eligens_group (p < 0.05), respectively. A random forest model showed that the genera Eggerthella, Anaerostipes, and Lachnospiraceae_ ND3007_ group demonstrated the best predictive capacity. The area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve of Eggerthella, Anaerostipes and Lachnospiraceae_ ND3007_ group are 0.791, 0.766 and 0.730, respectively. These data are derived from the first known gut microbiome study in elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Potentially, specific microbiota can be used as a characteristic index for screening, diagnosis, and prognosis of gut microbiota changes in elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and even as a therapeutic clinical target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizheng Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Cadre Health Management Center, Guangzhou No. 11 People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaosong Xu
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liping Cai
- Department of Basic Nursing, Guangdong Province Chaozhou Health School, Chaozhou, China
| | - Xiangsheng Cai
- Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Cadre Health Management Center, Guangzhou No. 11 People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
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27
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De Lucia SS, Candelli M, Polito G, Maresca R, Mezza T, Schepis T, Pellegrino A, Zileri Dal Verme L, Nicoletti A, Franceschi F, Gasbarrini A, Nista EC. Nutrition in Acute Pancreatitis: From the Old Paradigm to the New Evidence. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081939. [PMID: 37111158 PMCID: PMC10144915 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The nutritional management of acute pancreatitis (AP) patients has widely changed over time. The "pancreatic rest" was the cornerstone of the old paradigm, and nutritional support was not even included in AP management. Traditional management of AP was based on intestinal rest, with or without complete parenteral feeding. Recently, evidence-based data underlined the superiority of early oral or enteral feeding with significantly decreased multiple-organ failure, systemic infections, surgery need, and mortality rate. Despite the current recommendations, experts still debate the best route for enteral nutritional support and the best enteral formula. The aim of this work is to collect and analyze evidence over the nutritional aspects of AP management to investigate its impact. Moreover, the role of immunonutrition and probiotics in modulating inflammatory response and gut dysbiosis during AP was extensively studied. However, we have no significant data for their use in clinical practice. This is the first work to move beyond the mere opposition between the old and the new paradigm, including an analysis of several topics still under debate in order to provide a comprehensive overview of nutritional management of AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sofia De Lucia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Candelli
- Department of Emergency, Anesthesiological and Reanimation Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Polito
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Maresca
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Mezza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Schepis
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Pellegrino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Zileri Dal Verme
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Nicoletti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Franceschi
- Department of Emergency, Anesthesiological and Reanimation Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Celestino Nista
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Venkatesh K, Glenn H, Delaney A, Andersen CR, Sasson SC. Fire in the belly: A scoping review of the immunopathological mechanisms of acute pancreatitis. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1077414. [PMID: 36713404 PMCID: PMC9874226 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1077414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Acute pancreatitis (AP) is characterised by an inflammatory response that in its most severe form can cause a systemic dysregulated immune response and progression to acute multi-organ dysfunction. The pathobiology of the disease is unclear and as a result no targeted, disease-modifying therapies exist. We performed a scoping review of data pertaining to the human immunology of AP to summarise the current field and to identify future research opportunities. Methods A scoping review of all clinical studies of AP immunology was performed across multiple databases. Studies were included if they were human studies of AP with an immunological outcome or intervention. Results 205 studies met the inclusion criteria for the review. Severe AP is characterised by significant immune dysregulation compared to the milder form of the disease. Broadly, this immune dysfunction was categorised into: innate immune responses (including profound release of damage-associated molecular patterns and heightened activity of pattern recognition receptors), cytokine profile dysregulation (particularly IL-1, 6, 10 and TNF-α), lymphocyte abnormalities, paradoxical immunosuppression (including HLA-DR suppression and increased co-inhibitory molecule expression), and failure of the intestinal barrier function. Studies including interventions were also included. Several limitations in the existing literature have been identified; consolidation and consistency across studies is required if progress is to be made in our understanding of this disease. Conclusions AP, particularly the more severe spectrum of the disease, is characterised by a multifaceted immune response that drives tissue injury and contributes to the associated morbidity and mortality. Significant work is required to develop our understanding of the immunopathology of this disease if disease-modifying therapies are to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Venkatesh
- Malcolm Fisher Department of Intensive Care, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia,The Kirby Institute, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia,*Correspondence: Karthik Venkatesh,
| | - Hannah Glenn
- Malcolm Fisher Department of Intensive Care, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Anthony Delaney
- Malcolm Fisher Department of Intensive Care, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia,Division of Critical Care, The George Institute for Global Health, Newtown, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher R. Andersen
- Malcolm Fisher Department of Intensive Care, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia,The Kirby Institute, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia,Division of Critical Care, The George Institute for Global Health, Newtown, NSW, Australia
| | - Sarah C. Sasson
- The Kirby Institute, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia,Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
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Sroka N, Rydzewska-Rosołowska A, Kakareko K, Rosołowski M, Głowińska I, Hryszko T. Show Me What You Have Inside-The Complex Interplay between SIBO and Multiple Medical Conditions-A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010090. [PMID: 36615748 PMCID: PMC9824151 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiota, as a complex of microorganisms in a particular ecosystem, is part of the wider term-microbiome, which is defined as the set of all genetic content in the microbial community. Imbalanced gut microbiota has a great impact on the homeostasis of the organism. Dysbiosis, as a disturbance in bacterial balance, might trigger or exacerbate the course of different pathologies. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is a disorder characterized by differences in quantity, quality, and location of the small intestine microbiota. SIBO underlies symptoms associated with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGD) as well as may alter the presentation of chronic diseases such as heart failure, diabetes, etc. In recent years there has been growing interest in the influence of SIBO and its impact on the whole human body as well as individual systems. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the co-existence of SIBO with different medical conditions. The PubMed database was searched up to July 2022 and we found 580 original studies; inclusion and exclusion criteria let us identify 112 eligible articles, which are quoted in this paper. The present SIBO diagnostic methods could be divided into two groups-invasive, the gold standard-small intestine aspirate culture, and non-invasive, breath tests (BT). Over the years scientists have explored SIBO and its associations with other diseases. Its role has been confirmed not only in gastroenterology but also in cardiology, endocrinology, neurology, rheumatology, and nephrology. Antibiotic therapy could reduce SIBO occurrence resulting not only in the relief of FGD symptoms but also manifestations of comorbid diseases. Although more research is needed, the link between SIBO and other diseases is an important pathway for scientists to follow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sroka
- 2nd Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Białystok, 15-276 Białystok, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Alicja Rydzewska-Rosołowska
- 2nd Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Białystok, 15-276 Białystok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kakareko
- 2nd Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Białystok, 15-276 Białystok, Poland
| | - Mariusz Rosołowski
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hypertension, Medical University of Białystok, 15-540 Białystok, Poland
| | - Irena Głowińska
- 2nd Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Białystok, 15-276 Białystok, Poland
| | - Tomasz Hryszko
- 2nd Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Białystok, 15-276 Białystok, Poland
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30
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Li H, Xie J, Guo X, Yang G, Cai B, Liu J, Yue M, Tang Y, Wang G, Chen S, Guo J, Qi X, Wang D, Zheng H, Liu W, Yu H, Wang C, Zhu SJ, Guo F. Bifidobacterium spp. and their metabolite lactate protect against acute pancreatitis via inhibition of pancreatic and systemic inflammatory responses. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2127456. [PMID: 36195972 PMCID: PMC9542615 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2127456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a critical illness characterized by a severe systemic inflammatory response resulting in persistent multiple organ failure and sepsis. The intestinal microbiome is increasingly appreciated to play a crucial role in modulation of AP disease outcome, but limited information is available about the identity and mechanism of action for specific commensal bacteria involved in AP-associated inflammation. Here we show that Bifidobacteria, particularly B. animalis, can protect against AP by regulating pancreatic and systemic inflammation in germ-free (GF) and oral antibiotic-treated (Abx) mouse models. Colonization by B. animalis and administration of its metabolite lactate protected Abx and GF mice from AP by reducing serum amylase concentration, ameliorating pancreatic lesions and improving survival rate after retrograde injection of sodium taurocholate. B. animalis relieved macrophage-associated local and systemic inflammation of AP in a TLR4/MyD88- and NLRP3/Caspase1-dependent manner through its metabolite lactate. Supporting our findings from the mouse study, clinical AP patients exhibited a decreased fecal abundance of Bifidobacteria that was inversely correlated with the severity of systemic inflammatory responses. These results may shed light on the heterogeneity of clinical outcomes and drive the development of more efficacious therapeutic interventions for AP, and potentially for other inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinyan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiuliu Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guilian Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Bin Cai
- Department of Quality Management, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China,Central Laboratory of Medicine, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Jingtianyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengjia Yue
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yixin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuxian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jialin Guo
- Institute of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Xuchen Qi
- Central Laboratory of Medicine, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, China,Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Donghai Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huijun Zheng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunfeng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China,CONTACT Chunfeng Wang College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Shu Jeffrey Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China,Central Laboratory of Medicine, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, China,Shu Jeffrey Zhu Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China,Feng Guo Department of
Critical Care Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310012, China
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Emerging Trends in Intestinal Knowledge Structure Associated With Acute Pancreatitis From 1981 to 2021: A Bibliometric Analysis. Pancreas 2022; 51:957-965. [PMID: 36607940 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000002140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bibliometric analysis has not comprehensively summarized studies of acute pancreatitis (AP)-associated intestinal diseases. This work aimed to evaluate cooperative networks of authors, countries, and institutions and explore the field's developing trends and hot topics. METHODS Original articles and reviews of AP-associated intestinal diseases were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection on October 11, 2021. VOSviewer and CiteSpace software were used to perform co-occurrence analyses for authors, countries, and institutions and detect the highest citation burst. RESULTS A total of 1634 articles on the intestine associated with AP were identified. The United States, the University of Auckland, and Roland Andersson are the most influential country, research institute, and scholar, respectively. The World Journal of Gastroenterology (73 articles) has the highest number of publications, and Gastroenterology was the most co-cited journal. The top 5 key words are "acute pancreatitis," "bacterial translocation," "management," "gut," and "inflammatory bowel disease." We find that several emergent key words like "gut microbiota," "pathway," "gut barrier," "risk," and "oxidative stress" experienced a continuous and rapid development as new research directions. CONCLUSIONS This bibliometric study summarizes current important perspectives and offers comprehensive guidance on the AP-associated intestinal diseases, which may help researchers choose the most appropriate research directions.
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32
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Zou M, Yang Z, Fan Y, Gong L, Han Z, Ji L, Hu X, Wu D. Gut microbiota on admission as predictive biomarker for acute necrotizing pancreatitis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:988326. [PMID: 36105818 PMCID: PMC9466706 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.988326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute necrotizing pancreatitis (NP), a severe form of acute pancreatitis (AP), has higher mortality and worse outcome than non-necrotizing pancreatitis (non-NP). Infected NP is a devastating subgroup of NP. To date neither NP nor infected NP has robust prediction strategies, which may delay early recognition and timely intervention. Recent studies revealed correlations between disturbed gut microbiota and AP severity. Some features of intestinal microbiota have the potential to become biomarkers for NP prediction. Methods We performed 16S rRNA sequencing to analyze gut microbiota features in 20 healthy controls (HC), and 58 AP patients on hospital admission. The AP patients were later classified into NP and non-NP groups based on subsequent diagnostic imaging features. Random forest regression model and ROC curve were applied for NP and infected NP prediction. PIRCUSt2 was used for bacterial functional pathway prediction analysis. Results We found that the three groups (HC, NP, and non-NP) had distinct microorganism composition. NP patients had reduced microbial diversity, higher abundance of Enterobacteriales, but lower abundance of Clostridiales and Bacteroidales compared with the non-NP group. Correlation analyses displayed that intestine bacterial taxonomic alterations were related to severity, ICU admission, and prognosis. By pathway prediction, species more abundant in NP patients had positive correlation with synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, and benzoate degradation. Enterococcus faecium (ASV2) performed best in discriminating NP and non-NP patients. Finegoldia magna (ASV3) showed the maximal prediction capacity among all ASVs and had comparable accuracy with Balthazar CT to detect patients with infected NP. Conclusions Our study suggests that NP patients have distinct intestinal microbiota on admission compared to non-NP patients. Dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota might influence NP progression through ketone body or benzoate metabolism. Enterococcus faecium and Finegoldia magna are potential predictors for NP and infected NP. Our findings explore biomarkers which may inform clinical decision-making in AP and shed light on further studies on NP pathophysiology and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglian Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zihan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Fan
- Department of Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ziying Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Hu
- Department of Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Dong Wu, ; Xiaomin Hu,
| | - Dong Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Dong Wu, ; Xiaomin Hu,
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33
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Yan Q, Jia L, Wen B, Wu Y, Zeng Y, Wang Q. Clostridium butyricum Protects Against Pancreatic and Intestinal Injury After Severe Acute Pancreatitis via Downregulation of MMP9. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:919010. [PMID: 35924043 PMCID: PMC9342915 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.919010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Evidence have shown that gut microbiota plays an important role in the development of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). In addition, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) plays an important role in intestinal injury in SAP. Thus, we aimed to determine whether gut microbiota could regulate the intestinal injury during SAP via modulating MMP9.Methods: In this study, the fecal samples of patients with SAP (n = 72) and healthy controls (n = 32) were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In addition, to investigate the association between gut microbiota and MMP9 in intestinal injury during SAP, we established MMP9 stable knockdown Caco2 and HT29 cells in vitro and generated a MMP9 knockout (MMP9−/−) mouse model of SAP in vivo.Results: We found that the abundance of Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum) was significantly decreased in the SAP group. In addition, overexpression of MMP9 notably downregulated the expressions of tight junction proteins and upregulated the expressions of p-p38 and p-ERK in Caco2 and HT29 cells (p < 0.05). However, C. butyricum or butyrate treatment remarkably upregulated the expressions of tight junction proteins and downregulated the expressions of MMP9, p-p38 and p-ERK in MMP9-overexpressed Caco2 and HT29 cells (p < 0.05). Importantly, C. butyricum or butyrate could not affect the expressions of tight junction proteins, and MMP9, p-p38 and p-ERK proteins in MMP9-knockdown cells compared with MMP9-knockdown group. Consistently, C. butyricum or butyrate could not attenuate pancreatic and intestinal injury during SAP in MMP9−/− mice compared with the SAP group.Conclusion: Collectively, C. butyricum could protect against pancreatic and intestinal injury after SAP via downregulation of MMP9 in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lin Jia,
| | - Biyan Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nan Chang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanbo Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Patients with Infections of The Central Nervous System Have Lowered Gut Microbiota Alpha Diversity. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:2903-2914. [PMID: 35877424 PMCID: PMC9318043 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44070200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There are multiple lines of evidence for the existence of communication between the central nervous system (CNS), gut, and intestinal microbiome. Despite extensive analysis conducted on various neurological disorders, the gut microbiome was not yet analyzed in neuroinfections. In the current study, we analyzed the gut microbiome in 47 consecutive patients hospitalized with neuroinfection (26 patients had viral encephalitis/meningitis; 8 patients had bacterial meningitis) and in 20 matched for age and gender health controls. Using the QIIME pipeline, 16S rRNA sequencing and classification into operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were performed on the earliest stool sample available. Bacterial taxa such as Clostridium, Anaerostipes, Lachnobacterium, Lachnospira, and Roseburia were decreased in patients with neuroinfection when compared to controls. Alpha diversity metrics showed lower within-sample diversity in patients with neuroinfections, though there were no differences in beta diversity. Furthermore, there was no significant change by short-term (1-3 days) antibiotic treatment on the gut microbiota, although alpha diversity metrics, such as Chao1 and Shannon's index, were close to being statistically significant. The cause of differences between patients with neuroinfections and controls is unclear and could be due to inflammation accompanying the disease; however, the effect of diet modification and/or hospitalization cannot be excluded.
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Jiao J, Liu J, Li Q, Zhang G, Pan C, Luo F, Zhang Q, Qi B, Zhao L, Yin P, Shang D. Gut Microbiota-Derived Diaminopimelic Acid Promotes the NOD1/RIP2 Signaling Pathway and Plays a Key Role in the Progression of Severe Acute Pancreatitis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:838340. [PMID: 35811665 PMCID: PMC9257083 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.838340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired intestinal barrier function and gut microbiota dysbiosis are believed to be related to exacerbation of acute pancreatitis (AP). As a bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan component, diaminopimelic acid (DAP) is a specific ligand of NOD1 that regulates the NOD1/RIP2/NF-kB signaling pathway. Here, we investigated the role of DAP in the crosstalk between the gut microbiota and pancreas during the occurrence of AP. Upregulation of NOD1/RIP2/NF-kB and elevated serum DAP levels were found in severe AP (SAP) model rats. The accumulation of DAP in SAP patients corroborated its ability to serve as an indicator of disease severity. Subsequently, SAP rats were treated with oral administration of the traditional Chinese medicine Qingyi Keli (QYKL) as well as neomycin, which can widely eliminate DAP-containing bacteria. Both QYKL and neomycin intervention ameliorated intestinal and pancreatic damage and systemic inflammation in SAP rats. Through 16S rDNA sequencing, we found that QYKL could rehabilitate the gut microbiota structure and selectively inhibit the overgrowth of enteric bacteria, such as Helicobacter and Lactobacillus, in SAP rats without affecting some protective strains, including Romboutsia and Allobaculum. Interestingly, we demonstrated that the decrease in serum DAP was accompanied by suppression of the NOD1/RIP2/NF-kB signaling pathway in both the intestine and pancreas of the two intervention groups. Taken together, these results suggested that the gut microbiota-DAP-NOD1/RIP2 signaling pathway might play a critical role in the progression of AP and that SAP could be alleviated via intervention in the signaling pathway. Our work provides new potential early warning indicators of SAP and targets for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juying Jiao
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Guixin Zhang
- Pancreaticobiliary Centre, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chen Pan
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Fei Luo
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qingkai Zhang
- Pancreaticobiliary Centre, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Bing Qi
- Pancreaticobiliary Centre, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Pancreaticobiliary Centre, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Peiyuan Yin
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Dong Shang, ; Peiyuan Yin,
| | - Dong Shang
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Pancreaticobiliary Centre, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Dong Shang, ; Peiyuan Yin,
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Gut Microbial Profile in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2022. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm-122386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pancreatic cancer is a lethal tumor with a poor prognosis. The connection between pancreatic cancer and gut microbiota is less reported. Objectives: This study analyzed microbial characteristics in patients with pancreatic cancer from the tropical area of China and explored the potential impact of the characteristic microflora on pancreatic cancer. Methods: Stool samples and blood test indices of participants were collected in Hainan, China. Metagenomic sequencing was used to analyze the gut microbiota characteristics. The R corrplot package was used to analyze the correlation between gut microbiota and blood test indices. Results: The microbial community in pancreatic cancer were clustered together and significantly separated from controls. The Simpson index was increased significantly in pancreatic cancer compared to controls. The abundances of butyrate-producing bacteria (Anaerostipes hadrus, Lachnoclostridium phocaeense, and Romboutsia ilealis), Bifidobacteria, and [Eubacterium] eligens were significantly decreased, while Fusobacterium, Enterobacter, and Enterococcus were significantly increased in pancreatic cancer. Prevotella copri may have a vital role in the bacterial interaction network. Pathways connected to metabolism, environment (bacterial secretion system), genetic information (protein export and ribosome), and human diseases (infectious diseases and drug resistance) were increased in the pancreatic cancer group. Butyrate-producing bacteria (butyrate-producing bacterium SS3/4, A. hadrus, R. intestinalis, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii) and Bifidobacteria were significantly negatively correlated with the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. Conclusions: The gut microbiome was distinct in patients with pancreatic cancer from the tropical area of China. Changes in intestinal flora abundance and metabolic pathways may play an essential role in the occurrence and development of pancreatic cancer.
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MiR155 Disrupts the Intestinal Barrier by Inducing Intestinal Inflammation and Altering the Intestinal Microecology in Severe Acute Pancreatitis. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:2209-2219. [PMID: 34341909 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-021-07022-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal dysfunction is a common complication of acute pancreatitis. MiR155 may be involved in the occurrence and development of intestinal dysfunction mediated by acute pancreatitis, but the specific mechanism is not clear. AIMS To investigate the effect of miR155 on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP)-associated intestinal dysfunction and its possible mechanism in a mice model. METHODS In this study, SAP mice model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of caerulein and LPS in combination. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) was given by tail vein injection before the SAP model. The pancreatic and intestinal histopathology changes were analyzed. Cecal tissue was collected for 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing. Intestinal barrier proteins ZO-1 and E-cad were measured by Immunohistochemistry Staining and Western Blot, respectively. Intestinal tissue miR155 and inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were detected by Q-PCR. The expression levels of protein associated with TNF-α and TLR4/MYD88 pathway in the intestinal were detected. RESULTS In miR155 overexpression SAP group, the levels of tissue inflammatory factor were significantly increased, intestinal barrier proteins were significantly decreased, and the injury of intestinal was aggravated. Bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing was performed, showing miR155 promotes gut microbiota dysbiosis. The levels of TNF-α, TLR4, and MYD88 in the intestinal were detected, suggesting that miR155 may regulate gut microbiota and activate the TLR4/MYD88 pathway, thereby affecting the release of inflammatory mediators and regulating SAP-related intestinal injury. After application of miR155-sponge, imbalance of intestinal flora and destruction of intestinal barrier-related proteins have been alleviated. The release of inflammatory mediators decreased, and the histopathology injury of intestinal was improved obviously. CONCLUSION MiR155 may play an important role in SAP-associated intestinal dysfunction. MiR155 can significantly alter the intestinal microecology, aggravated intestinal inflammation through TLR4/MYD88 pathway, and disrupts the intestinal barrier in SAP mice.
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Abstract
We demonstrate that AP patients and experimental AP mice exhibited a dysfunction of Paneth cells. Our
in vivo
research showed that the severity of AP was exacerbated by the long-term dysfunction of Paneth cells, which was associated with gut microbiota disorder.
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Liu J, Luo M, Qin S, Li B, Huang L, Xia X. Significant Succession of Intestinal Bacterial Community and Function During the Initial 72 Hours of Acute Pancreatitis in Rats. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:808991. [PMID: 35573769 PMCID: PMC9105020 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.808991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is followed by structural and functional changes in the intestine, resulting from microbiome dysbiosis. However, it remains unclear how gut microbiome changes within the initial 72h of onset. In this study, severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), mild acute pancreatitis (MAP), and sham operation (SO) were replicated in rat models. 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing was used to explore the gut bacteria community. The predicted Cluster of Orthologous Genes (COG) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) metabolic pathways were associated with the 16S rRNA profiles. Compared to the SO group, significant community succession was found during the initial 72h in AP group. At 72 h after AP induction, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratios were significantly different, with the highest ratio in SAP group and the lowest in MAP group. Lactobacillus was the most abundant genus, but it nearly disappeared in SAP rats at 72 h. Clostridiaceae 1 and Clostridium sensu stricto 1 were significantly enriched in AP group. Bacteroidales S24-7 and Bacteroidales S24-7 group norank were enriched in MAP group, while Collinsella, Morganella, and Blautia were enriched in SAP group. Lactobacillus was significantly correlated with nine COGs. Nine COGs showed significant differences between AP group and SO group. Moreover, four COGs showed significant differences between the MAP and SAP groups. KEGG Level_3 pathways propanoate metabolism (Ko00640) in AP group was significantly higher than that in SO group. The aspartate‒ammonia ligase and four KEGG orthology terms of the AP group were lower than that in the SO group, respectively. All these results suggest that the intestinal bacterial community structure and function was changed during the initial 72h in AP rats. The intestinal F/B ratio and the relative abundance of Lactobacillus could be potential markers for early diagnosis of MAP and SAP. The genus Clostridium sensu stricto 1 was the most enriched genus in AP, and may be an important marker for AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ming Luo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shu Qin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Clinical Research Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xianming Xia, ; Lin Huang,
| | - Xianming Xia
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xianming Xia, ; Lin Huang,
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Beneficial Effect of Kidney Bean Resistant Starch on Hyperlipidemia-Induced Acute Pancreatitis and Related Intestinal Barrier Damage in Rats. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27092783. [PMID: 35566136 PMCID: PMC9100041 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating attention has been focused on resistant starch (RS) due to its blood-lipid-lowering activities. However, reports on the potential bioactivities of RS for preventing hyperlipidemia acute pancreatitis (HLAP) are limited. Therefore, in this study, an acute pancreatitis model was set up by feeding a hyperlipidemia diet to rats, and subsequently evaluating the anti-HLAP effect of RS in kidney beans. The results show that the IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α of serum in each RS group were decreased by 18.67-50.00%, 7.92-22.89%, and 8.06-34.04%, respectively, compared with the model group (MOD). In addition, the mRNA expression of tight junction protein ZO-1, occludin, and antibacterial peptides CRAMP and DEFB1 of rats in each RS group increased by 26.43-60.07%, 229.98-279.90%, 75.80-111.20%, and 77.86-109.07%, respectively. The height of the villi in the small intestine and the thickness of the muscle layer of rats were also increased, while the depth of the crypt decreased. The present study indicates that RS relieves intestinal inflammation, inhibits oxidative stress, and prevents related intestinal barrier damage. These results support the supplementation of RS as an effective nutritional intervention for HLAP and associated intestinal injury.
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Hartmann P. Editorial: The Microbiome in Hepatobiliary and Intestinal Disease. Front Physiol 2022; 13:893074. [PMID: 35492588 PMCID: PMC9044070 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.893074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Phillipp Hartmann
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Phillipp Hartmann,
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Rossella C, Laura F, Grazia MM, Raffaele B, Antonio T, Maria P, Francesco DV, Giovanni G. The crosstalk between gut microbiota, intestinal immunological niche and visceral adipose tissue as a new model for the pathogenesis of metabolic and inflammatory diseases: the paradigm of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:3189-3201. [PMID: 34986766 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220105121124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota (GM) comprises more than one thousand microorganisms between bacterial species, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, and represents the main actor of a wide net of molecular interactions, involving, among others, the endocrine system, immune responses, and metabolism. GM influences many endocrine functions such as adrenal steroidogenesis, thyroid function, sexual hormones, IGF-1 pathway and peptides produced in gastrointestinal system. It is fundamental in glycaemic control and obesity, while also exerting an important function in modulating the immune system and associated inflammatory disease. The result of this crosstalk in gut mucosa is the formation of the intestinal immunological niche. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) produces about 600 different peptides, it is involved in lipid and glucose metabolism and in some immune reactions through several adipokines. GM and VAT interact in a bidirectional fashion: while gut dysbiosis can modify VAT adipokines and hormone secretion, VAT hyperplasia modifies GM composition. Acquired or genetic factors leading to gut dysbiosis or increasing VAT (i.e., Western diet) induce a proinflammatory condition, which plays a pivotal role in the development of dysmetabolic and immunologic conditions, such as diabetes mellitus. Diabetes is clearly associated with specific patterns of GM alterations, with an abundance or reduction of GM species involved in controlling mucosal barrier status, glycaemic levels and exerting a pro- or anti-inflammatory activity. All these factors could explain the higher incidence of several inflammatory conditions in Western countries; furthermore, besides the specific alterations observed in diabetes, this paradigm could represent a common pathway acting in many metabolic conditions and could pave the way to a new, interesting therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cianci Rossella
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS Largo A. Gemelli, 8 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Franza Laura
- Emergency Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Massaro Maria Grazia
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Borriello Raffaele
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Tota Antonio
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Pallozzi Maria
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - De Vito Francesco
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gambassi Giovanni
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Minamisawa M, Sato Y, Ishiguro E, Taniai T, Sakamoto T, Kawai G, Saito T, Saido TC. Amelioration of Alzheimer's Disease by Gut-Pancreas-Liver-Brain Interaction in an App Knock-In Mouse Model. Life (Basel) 2021; 12:34. [PMID: 35054427 PMCID: PMC8778338 DOI: 10.3390/life12010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we observed disease progression, changes in the gut microbiota, and interactions among the brain, liver, pancreas, and intestine in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD), in addition to attempting to inhibit disease progression through the dietary supplementation of L-arginine and limonoids. Wild-type mice (WC) and AD mice were fed a normal diet (AC), a diet supplemented with L-arginine and limonoids (ALA), or a diet containing only limonoids (AL) for 12-64 weeks. The normal diet-fed WC and AC mice showed a decrease in the diversity of the gut microbiota, with an increase in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, and bacterial translocation. Considerable bacterial translocation to the pancreas and intense inflammation of the pancreas, liver, brain, and intestinal tissues were observed in the AC mice from alterations in the gut microbiota. The ALA diet or AL diet-fed mice showed increased diversity of the bacterial flora and suppressed oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in hepatocytes and pancreatic cells, bacterial translocation, and neurodegeneration of the brain. These findings suggest that L-arginine and limonoids help in maintaining the homeostasis of the gut microbiota, pancreas, liver, brain, and gut in AD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Minamisawa
- Department of Life Science, Chiba Institute of Technology, Graduate School of Advanced Engineering, Chiba 275-0016, Japan; (Y.S.); (T.S.); (G.K.)
- Education Center, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Chiba Institute of Technology, Chiba 275-0023, Japan;
| | - Yuma Sato
- Department of Life Science, Chiba Institute of Technology, Graduate School of Advanced Engineering, Chiba 275-0016, Japan; (Y.S.); (T.S.); (G.K.)
| | | | - Tetsuyuki Taniai
- Education Center, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Chiba Institute of Technology, Chiba 275-0023, Japan;
| | - Taiichi Sakamoto
- Department of Life Science, Chiba Institute of Technology, Graduate School of Advanced Engineering, Chiba 275-0016, Japan; (Y.S.); (T.S.); (G.K.)
| | - Gota Kawai
- Department of Life Science, Chiba Institute of Technology, Graduate School of Advanced Engineering, Chiba 275-0016, Japan; (Y.S.); (T.S.); (G.K.)
| | - Takashi Saito
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; (T.S.); (T.C.S.)
- Department of Neurocognitive Science, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Takaomi C. Saido
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; (T.S.); (T.C.S.)
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Schepis T, De Lucia SS, Nista EC, Manilla V, Pignataro G, Ojetti V, Piccioni A, Gasbarrini A, Franceschi F, Candelli M. Microbiota in Pancreatic Diseases: A Review of the Literature. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10245920. [PMID: 34945216 PMCID: PMC8704740 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10245920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a critical element in the balance between human health and disease. Its impairment, defined as dysbiosis, is associated with gastroenterological and systemic diseases. Pancreatic secretions are involved in the composition and changes of the gut microbiota, and the gut microbiota may colonize the pancreatic parenchyma and be associated with the occurrence of diseases. The gut microbiota and the pancreas influence each other, resulting in a "gut microbiota-pancreas axis". Moreover, the gut microbiota may be involved in pancreatic diseases, both through direct bacterial colonization and an indirect effect of small molecules and toxins derived from dysbiosis. Pancreatic diseases such as acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, autoimmune pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer are common gastroenterological diseases associated with high morbidity and mortality. The involvement of the microbiota in pancreatic diseases is increasingly recognized. Therefore, modifying the intestinal bacterial flora could have important therapeutic implications on these pathologies. The aim of this study is to review the literature to evaluate the alterations of the gut microbiota in pancreatic diseases, and the role of the microbiota in the treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Schepis
- Medical and Surgical Science Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Roma, 00168 Roma, Italy; (T.S.); (S.S.D.L.); (E.C.N.); (V.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Sara S. De Lucia
- Medical and Surgical Science Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Roma, 00168 Roma, Italy; (T.S.); (S.S.D.L.); (E.C.N.); (V.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Enrico C. Nista
- Medical and Surgical Science Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Roma, 00168 Roma, Italy; (T.S.); (S.S.D.L.); (E.C.N.); (V.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Vittoria Manilla
- Medical and Surgical Science Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Roma, 00168 Roma, Italy; (T.S.); (S.S.D.L.); (E.C.N.); (V.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Giulia Pignataro
- Emergency Medicine Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Roma, 00168 Roma, Italy; (G.P.); (V.O.); (A.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Veronica Ojetti
- Emergency Medicine Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Roma, 00168 Roma, Italy; (G.P.); (V.O.); (A.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Andrea Piccioni
- Emergency Medicine Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Roma, 00168 Roma, Italy; (G.P.); (V.O.); (A.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Medical and Surgical Science Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Roma, 00168 Roma, Italy; (T.S.); (S.S.D.L.); (E.C.N.); (V.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Francesco Franceschi
- Emergency Medicine Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Roma, 00168 Roma, Italy; (G.P.); (V.O.); (A.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Marcello Candelli
- Emergency Medicine Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Roma, 00168 Roma, Italy; (G.P.); (V.O.); (A.P.); (F.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-063-0153-188
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Ye S, Si C, Deng J, Chen X, Kong L, Zhou X, Wang W. Understanding the Effects of Metabolites on the Gut Microbiome and Severe Acute Pancreatitis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:1516855. [PMID: 34712726 PMCID: PMC8548099 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1516855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease of the pancreas. The severity is classified as mild (MAP), moderately severe (MSAP), or severe (SAP). In patients with SAP, organ dysfunction can occur in the early stage of the disease course, accompanied by secondary infection, with a mortality rate of 36%-50%. In the late stage SAP, infection-related complications caused by pancreatic necrotic tissue and peripancreatic effusion are the main causes of death in patients. Dysbacteriosis of intestinal microflora, barrier dysfunction of intestinal mucosa, and translocation of enteric bacteria are considered to be the main causes of infection of pancreatic necrotic tissue and peripancreatic effusion. During the past few years, increasing attention has been paid to the metabolic activities of intestinal microflora in SAP, which plays an important role in the metabolic activities of the human body. This review is aimed at bringing together the most recent findings and advances regarding the gut microbial community and associated gut microbial community metabolites and illustrating the role of these metabolites in disease progression in severe acute pancreatitis. We hope that this review will provide new ideas and schemes for the treatment of SAP in the clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Ye
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chenli Si
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jie Deng
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaohu Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | | | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiming Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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46
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Gut microbiome linked to pancreatitis. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2021.100470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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47
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Koosha RZ, Fazel P, Sedighian H, Behzadi E, Ch MH, Imani Fooladi AA. The impact of the gut microbiome on toxigenic bacteria. Microb Pathog 2021; 160:105188. [PMID: 34530074 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Millions of symbiotic and pathogenic microorganisms known as microbiota colonize the host body. The microbiome plays an important role in human health and colonizes hundreds of different species of multicellular organisms so that they are introduced as the metaorganisms. Changes in the microbial population of the gut microbiome may cause resistance to pathogenic bacteria-induced infection. Understanding the principles of Host-Microbiota Interactions (HMIs) is important because it clarifies our insight towards the mechanisms of infections established in the host. Interactions between the host and the microbiota help answer the question of how a microorganism can contribute to the health or disease of the host. Microbiota can increase host resistance to colonization of pathogenic species. Studying the HMIs network can in several ways delineate the pathogenic mechanisms of pathogens and thereby help to increase useful and novel therapeutic pathways. For example, the potentially unique microbial effects that target the distinct host or interfere with the endogenous host interactions can be identified. In addition, the way mutations in essential proteins in the host and/or in the microbes can influence the interactions between them may be determined. Furthermore, HMIs help in identifying host cell regulatory modules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roohollah Zarei Koosha
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvindokht Fazel
- Department of Microbiology, Fars Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fars, Iran; Department of Microbiology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamid Sedighian
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Behzadi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Hedayati Ch
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Microbial Toxins Physiology Group, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Rasht, Iran
| | - Abbas Ali Imani Fooladi
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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van den Berg FF, Hugenholtz F, Boermeester MA, Zaborina O, Alverdy JC. Spatioregional assessment of the gut microbiota in experimental necrotizing pancreatitis. BJS Open 2021; 5:6369781. [PMID: 34518874 PMCID: PMC8438261 DOI: 10.1093/bjsopen/zrab061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infectious complications following experimental pancreatitis involve major disruptions in the gut microbiota. The aim of this study was to characterize this disruption by examining the spatioregional distribution in microbial community structure and function following experimental pancreatitis associated with pancreatic infection. METHODS Mice were subjected to infusion of the pancreatic duct with either taurocholate to induce necrotizing pancreatitis or normal saline (control group). The spatial (lumen versus mucosa) and regional composition and function of the microbiota from the duodenum, ileum, caecum, colon, pancreas and blood were evaluated using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. RESULTS Mice that developed necrotizing pancreatitis demonstrated a decrease in microbial richness and significantly altered microbiota in distal parts of the gastrointestinal tract, compared with controls. Among the most differentially increased taxa were the mucus-degrading Akkermansia muciniphila, and there was a decrease of butyrate-producing bacteria following pancreatitis. Application of the SourceTracker tool to the generated metadata indicated that the duodenum was the most probable source of bacteria that subsequently infected pancreatic tissue in this model. The functional prediction annotation using pathway analyses indicated a diminished capacity of the caecal microbiota to metabolize carbohydrate, and fatty and amino acids. DISCUSSION The distal gut microbiota was significantly impacted in this model of experimental necrotizing pancreatitis. Data suggest that the duodenal microbiota might also play a role in bacterial translation and secondary infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- F F van den Berg
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - F Hugenholtz
- Centre for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M A Boermeester
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - O Zaborina
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - J C Alverdy
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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A real-world research about nasogastric feeding and total parenteral nutrition in moderate severe acute pancreatitis. NUTR CLIN METAB 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2021.01.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Patel BK, Patel KH, Bhatia M, Iyer SG, Madhavan K, Moochhala SM. Gut microbiome in acute pancreatitis: A review based on current literature. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:5019-5036. [PMID: 34497432 PMCID: PMC8384740 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i30.5019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome is a complex microbial community, recognized for its potential role in physiology, health, and disease. The available evidence supports the role of gut dysbiosis in pancreatic disorders, including acute pancreatitis (AP). In AP, the presence of gut barrier damage resulting in increased mucosal permeability may lead to translocation of intestinal bacteria, necrosis of pancreatic and peripancreatic tissue, and infection, often accompanied by multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Preserving gut microbial homeostasis may reduce the systemic effects of AP. A growing body of evidence suggests the possible involvement of the gut microbiome in various pancreatic diseases, including AP. This review discusses the possible role of the gut microbiome in AP. It highlights AP treatment and supplementation with prebiotics, synbiotics, and probiotics to maintain gastrointestinal microbial balance and effectively reduce hospitalization, morbidity and mortality in an early phase. It also addresses novel therapeutic areas in the gut microbiome, personalized treatment, and provides a roadmap of human microbial contributions to AP that have potential clinical benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharati Kadamb Patel
- Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Kadamb H Patel
- School of Applied Sciences, Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore 529757, Singapore
| | - Madhav Bhatia
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Shridhar Ganpati Iyer
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- National University Hospital, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Krishnakumar Madhavan
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- National University Hospital, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Shabbir M Moochhala
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
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