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Pittet F, Hinde K. Meager Milk: Lasting Consequences for Adult Daughters of Primiparous Mothers Among Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta). Integr Comp Biol 2023; 63:569-584. [PMID: 37170073 PMCID: PMC10503474 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icad022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Among mammals, primipara who initiate reproduction before full maturity can be constrained in their maternal investment, both due to fewer somatic resources and tradeoffs between their own continued development and reproductive effort. Primipara are particularly limited in their capacity to synthesize milk during lactation, the costliest aspect of reproduction for most mammals, especially primates due to long periods of postnatal development. Due to reduced milk transfer, Firstborns may be at elevated risk for long-term consequences of deficits in early life endowment from their primiparous mothers. Here we investigated mass, growth, stature, and lactation performance among N = 273 adult daughters across N = 335 reproductions, who were their own mother's Firstborn or Laterborn progeny, among rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) at the California National Primate Research Center. We further explored mass during infancy of the offspring of Firstborn and Laterborn mothers. Firstborns had accelerated growth during infancy, but had slowed growth during juvenility, compared to Laterborns. Although both Firstborns and Laterborns were the same age at reproductive debut, Firstborns had lower body mass, an effect that persisted throughout the reproductive career. Available milk energy, the product of milk energetic density and milk yield, was on average 16% lower for Firstborns compared to Laterborns, a difference that was only partially mediated by their lower mass. Despite differences in their mothers' energy provision through milk, the mass of infants of Firstborn and Laterborn mothers did not differ at peak lactation, suggesting that infants of Firstborns devote a higher proportion of milk energy to growth than infants of Laterborns. To date few studies have explored how early life conditions shape capacities to synthesize milk and milk composition. Our findings contribute new information among primates on how early life maternal endowments are associated with persistent effects long after the period of maternal dependence well into reproductive maturity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Pittet
- Neuroscience and Behavior Unit, California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Katie Hinde
- School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
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Zhang J, Long X, Liao Q, Chai J, Zhang T, Chen L, He H, Yuan Y, Wan K, Wang J, Liu A. Distinct Gut Microbiome Induced by Different Feeding Regimes in Weaned Piglets. Genes (Basel) 2022; 14:49. [PMID: 36672790 PMCID: PMC9858795 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well accepted that the gut microbiota of breast-fed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants are significantly different. However, there is still a limited number of studies comparing the gut microbiota of BF and FF piglets, despite increasing numbers of FF piglets in the modern pig industry. The present study identified the differences in gut microbiota composition between BF- and FF-weaned Rongchang piglets at 30 days old, using pair-end sequencing on the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform. The BF piglets had lower microbiota diversities than FF piglets (p < 0.05), and the community structures were well clustered as a result of each feeding pattern. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes represented the most dominant phyla, and Ruminococcus, Prevotella, and Gemmiger were prominent genera in all piglets. Ruminococcus, Prevotella, Oscillospira, Eubacterium, Gemmiger, Dorea, and Lactobacillus populations were significantly higher, while Treponema and Coprococcus were significantly lower in BF piglets compared to FF piglets (p < 0.05). The metabolism pathways in the BF piglets were significantly different from FF piglets, which included carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism (p < 0.05). In addition, the top 10 abundance of microbiota were more or less significantly associated with the two phenotypes (p < 0.05). Collectively, these findings provide probable explanations for the importance of BF in neonates and support a theoretical basis for feeding regimes in indigenous Chinese piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Xi Long
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Qinfeng Liao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College, Chongqing 404155, China
| | - Jie Chai
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Tinghuan Zhang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Li Chen
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Hang He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College, Chongqing 404155, China
| | - Yancong Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Kun Wan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Jinyong Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Anfang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
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Rox A, Waasdorp S, Sterck EHM, Langermans JAM, Louwerse AL. Multigenerational Social Housing and Group-Rearing Enhance Female Reproductive Success in Captive Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta). BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11070970. [PMID: 36101351 PMCID: PMC9311885 DOI: 10.3390/biology11070970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary It is currently common practice to house non-human primates at biomedical research facilities, e.g., rhesus macaques, in social groups. To enhance female reproductive success, peer groups are formed. In these breeding groups, infants are taken from their mother at an age of ten months and housed with animals of approximately the same age. Yet for welfare, leaving offspring with their mother and allowing multigenerational groups including families is preferred. This argues that a trade-off between female reproductive success and welfare exists. In this retrospective study we investigated the differences in female rhesus macaque reproductive success between peer groups and multigenerational groups. Our results show that females in multigenerational groups have more births per year and have higher offspring survival compared with those in peer groups. Thus, housing rhesus macaques in multigenerational groups provides a win−win situation, rather than a trade-off, in which female reproductive success and animal welfare can simultaneously be optimized. Abstract To optimize costs and reproductive success, rhesus macaques in biomedical primate research facilities are often peer-reared. Older, dependent infants are typically removed from their natal group to enhance female reproduction. The minimal husbandry age-norm of infant removal is ten months. These practices deviate from species-specific behavior and may reduce welfare, suggesting a trade-off between female reproduction and welfare. However, the effect of breeding group type and rearing history on female reproductive success (i.e., birth rate; inter-birth interval (IBI); offspring survival) is unclear. This retrospective study investigated whether group type (i.e., peer groups versus multigenerational groups) and rearing history (i.e., peer- or hand-reared; group-reared with peer- or hand-reared mother; group-reared) affected female reproductive success in captive rhesus macaques. Data on female reproduction between 1996 and 2019 were collected at the Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk. Birth rates were higher in multigenerational breeding groups than in peer groups. Moreover, group-reared females had higher offspring survival than peer- or hand-reared females. IBI was not affected by breeding group type or female rearing history. However, females in both peer and multigenerational breeding groups typically conceived earlier after giving birth than the husbandry infant removal age-norm of ten months. Thus, infant removal at an age of ten months does not enhance a female’s reproduction. Altogether, female reproduction and non-human primate welfare can simultaneously be optimized through multigenerational breeding groups and group-rearing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Rox
- Biomedical Primate Research Centre, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands; (A.R.); (E.H.M.S.); (J.A.M.L.); (A.L.L.)
- Animal Behaviour and Cognition, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sophie Waasdorp
- Biomedical Primate Research Centre, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands; (A.R.); (E.H.M.S.); (J.A.M.L.); (A.L.L.)
- Animal Behaviour and Cognition, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
| | - Elisabeth H. M. Sterck
- Biomedical Primate Research Centre, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands; (A.R.); (E.H.M.S.); (J.A.M.L.); (A.L.L.)
- Animal Behaviour and Cognition, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A. M. Langermans
- Biomedical Primate Research Centre, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands; (A.R.); (E.H.M.S.); (J.A.M.L.); (A.L.L.)
- Department Population Health Sciences, Unit Animals in Science & Society, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Annet L. Louwerse
- Biomedical Primate Research Centre, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands; (A.R.); (E.H.M.S.); (J.A.M.L.); (A.L.L.)
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Grassotti TT, Kothe CI, Prichula J, Mohellibi N, Mann MB, Wagner PGC, Campos FS, Campos AAS, Frazzon J, Frazzon APG. Fecal bacterial communities of wild black capuchin monkeys ( Sapajus nigritus) from the Atlantic Forest biome in Southern Brazil are divergent from those of other non-human primates. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2021; 2:100048. [PMID: 34841339 PMCID: PMC8610302 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2021.100048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota are influenced by factors such as diet, habitat, and social contact, which directly affect the host's health. Studies related to gut microbiota in non-human primates are increasing worldwide. However, little remains known about the gut bacterial composition in wild Brazilian monkeys. Therefore, we studied the fecal microbiota composition of wild black capuchin monkey (Sapajus nigritus) (n=10) populations from two different Atlantic Forest biome fragments (five individuals per fragment) in south Brazil. The bacterial community was identified via the high-throughput sequencing and partial amplification of the 16S rRNA gene (V4 region) using an Ion Personal Genome Machine (PGMTM) System. In contrast to other studies involving monkey microbiota, which have generally reported the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes as predominant, black capuchin monkeys showed a high relative abundance of Proteobacteria ( χ ¯ = 80.54%), followed by Firmicutes ( χ ¯ = 12.14%), Actinobacteria ( χ ¯ = 4.60%), and Bacteriodetes ( χ ¯ = 1.31%). This observed particularity may have been influenced by anthropogenic actions related to the wild habitat and/or diet specific to the Brazilian biome's characteristics and/or monkey foraging behavior. Comparisons of species richness (Chao1) and diversity indices (Simpson and InvSimpson) showed no significant differences between the two groups of monkeys. Interestingly, PICRUSt2 analysis revealed that metabolic pathways present in the bacterial communities were associated with xenobiotic biodegradation and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, which may suggest positive effects on monkey health and conservation in this anthropogenic habitat. Infectious disease-associated microorganisms were also observed in the samples. The present study provides information about the bacterial population and metabolic functions present in fecal microbiota, which may contribute to a better understanding of the ecology and biology of black capuchin monkeys living in forest fragments within the Atlantic Forest biome in southern Brazil. Additionally, the present study demonstrates that the fecal bacterial communities of wild black capuchin monkeys in this area are divergent from those of other wild non-human primates.
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Key Words
- FROGS, Find Rapidly OTUs with Galaxy Solution
- FastQC, Fast Quality Control
- Fecal microbiota
- HTS, high-throughput sequencing
- KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
- MultiQC, Multi Quality Control
- OTUs, Operational Taxonomic Units
- PGMTM, Personal Genome Machine
- PICRUSt2, Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved State
- Primate conservation
- Proteobacteria
- Robust capuchins
- SCS, Santa Cruz do Sul
- SSC, São Sebastião do Caí
- SSU, Small Subunit rRNA gene
- Wild south Brazilian primates
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiela Trapp Grassotti
- Post-Graduation Program in Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology Department, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline Isabel Kothe
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Janira Prichula
- Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Nacer Mohellibi
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Michele Bertoni Mann
- Post-Graduation Program in Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology Department, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Fabricio Souza Campos
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Campus de Gurupi, Federal University of Tocantins, Gurupi, TO, Brazil; Federal University of Tocantins, Federal University of Tocantins, Palmas, TO, Brazil
| | | | - Jeverson Frazzon
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms Laboratory, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Guedes Frazzon
- Post-Graduation Program in Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology Department, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Rendina DN, Lubach GR, Lyte M, Phillips GJ, Gosain A, Pierre JF, Vlasova RM, Styner MA, Coe CL. Proteobacteria abundance during nursing predicts physical growth and brain volume at one year of age in young rhesus monkeys. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21682. [PMID: 34042210 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002162r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, multiple studies have highlighted the essential role of gut microbiota in normal infant development. However, the sensitive periods during which gut bacteria are established and become associated with physical growth and maturation of the brain are still poorly defined. This study tracked the assembly of the intestinal microbiota during the initial nursing period, and changes in community structure after transitioning to solid food in infant rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Anthropometric measures and rectal swabs were obtained at 2-month intervals across the first year of life and bacterial taxa identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. At 12 months of age, total brain and cortical regions volumes were quantified through structural magnetic resonance imaging. The bacterial community structure was dynamic and characterized by discrete maturational phases, reflecting an early influence of breast milk and the later transition to solid foods. Commensal microbial taxa varied with diet similar to findings in other animals and human infants; however, monkeys differ in the relative abundances of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria, two taxa predominant in breastfed human infants. Higher abundances of taxa in the phylum Proteobacteria during nursing were predictive of slower growth trajectories and smaller brain volumes at one year of age. Our findings define discrete phases of microbial succession in infant monkeys and suggest there may be a critical period during nursing when endogenous differences in certain taxa can shift the community structure and influence the pace of physical growth and the maturational trajectory of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle N Rendina
- Harlow Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Mark Lyte
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Gregory J Phillips
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Ankush Gosain
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.,Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Joseph F Pierre
- Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Roza M Vlasova
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Martin A Styner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Nunez N, Réot L, Menu E. Neonatal Immune System Ontogeny: The Role of Maternal Microbiota and Associated Factors. How Might the Non-Human Primate Model Enlighten the Path? Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:584. [PMID: 34206053 PMCID: PMC8230289 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9060584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between the immune system and the microbiome play a crucial role on the human health. These interactions start in the prenatal period and are critical for the maturation of the immune system in newborns and infants. Several factors influence the composition of the infant's microbiota and subsequently the development of the immune system. They include maternal infection, antibiotic treatment, environmental exposure, mode of delivery, breastfeeding, and food introduction. In this review, we focus on the ontogeny of the immune system and its association to microbial colonization from conception to food diversification. In this context, we give an overview of the mother-fetus interactions during pregnancy, the impact of the time of birth and the mode of delivery, the neonate gastrointestinal colonization and the role of breastfeeding, weaning, and food diversification. We further review the impact of the vaccination on the infant's microbiota and the reciprocal case. Finally, we discuss several potential therapeutic interventions that might help to improve the newborn and infant's health and their responses to vaccination. Throughout the review, we underline the main scientific questions that are left to be answered and how the non-human primate model could help enlighten the path.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Nunez
- CEA, Université Paris-Sud, Inserm, U1184 “Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases” (IMVA-HB), IDMIT Department, IBFJ, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; (N.N.); (L.R.)
| | - Louis Réot
- CEA, Université Paris-Sud, Inserm, U1184 “Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases” (IMVA-HB), IDMIT Department, IBFJ, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; (N.N.); (L.R.)
| | - Elisabeth Menu
- CEA, Université Paris-Sud, Inserm, U1184 “Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases” (IMVA-HB), IDMIT Department, IBFJ, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; (N.N.); (L.R.)
- MISTIC Group, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
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Thahir AIA, Gordon A, Salam A. Does gut microbiome associate with the growth of infants? A review of the literature. ENFERMERIA CLINICA 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Agrawal M, Burisch J, Colombel JF, C Shah S. Viewpoint: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Among Immigrants From Low- to High-Incidence Countries: Opportunities and Considerations. J Crohns Colitis 2020; 14:267-273. [PMID: 31359034 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The inflammatory bowel diseases [IBDs], inclusive of Crohn's disease [CD] and ulcerative colitis [UC], are chronic, progressive immune-mediated diseases associated with high morbidity and substantial economic impact. The pathogenesis implicates a complex interaction between environmental determinants and genetic susceptibility. Of concern, the incidence and prevalence of IBD are increasing globally, with the highest relative increase observed in developing and recently developed countries. One high-risk yet underappreciated population is immigrants from countries of low to high IBD incidence, as evidenced by epidemiologic studies demonstrating higher risk of IBD among second- versus first-generation and younger versus older immigrants from low- to high-incidence countries [LTHICs]. The reasons underlying these emerging patterns among immigrants are incompletely understood and provide enormous opportunities to better define the pathophysiology of IBD and move toward disease prevention or at least earlier diagnosis. The rapidity of this epidemiologic shift in the demographic profile of IBD, which was traditionally a disease of Caucasians in industrialized countries, strongly implicates non-genetic factors and gene-environment interactions in the pathophysiology of IBD among immigrants from LTHICs. The primary objectives of this Viewpoint are to [1] provide a focused overview of IBD epidemiology among immigrants from countries at differential IBD risk; [2] emphasize the potential to advance our understanding of IBD pathogenesis via targeted research efforts to delineate risk and protective determinants in this cohort; and [3] highlight disparities and barriers in IBD care, as well as the economic implications of the rising, yet underappreciated, disease burden among immigrants from LTHICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasi Agrawal
- Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York NY, USA
| | - Johan Burisch
- Gastrounit, Medical Division, Hvidovre Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jean-Frederic Colombel
- Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York NY, USA
| | - Shailja C Shah
- Division of Gastroenterology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN, USA
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