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Xia Z, Zhao X, Liu P, Wang W. Comment on Marsh et al. (2023) 'Peripheral intravenous catheter infection and failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis'. Int J Nurs Stud 2024; 153:104726. [PMID: 38696916 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2024.104726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxia Xia
- Department of Nursing, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Xuechao Zhao
- Department of Nursing, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Panpan Liu
- Department of Nursing, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Nursing, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China.
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Thomsen SL, Boa R, Vinter-Jensen L, Rasmussen BS. Safety and Efficacy of Midline vs Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters Among Adults Receiving IV Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2355716. [PMID: 38349655 PMCID: PMC10865154 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.55716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Midline catheters (MCs) are widely used, but safety and efficacy compared with peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) has not been adequately evaluated. Objective To compare the safety and efficacy of MCs with PICCs among adult patients with an anticipated intravenous therapy lasting from 5 to 28 days. Design, Setting, and Participants This parallel, 2-group, open-label, randomized clinical trial (RCT) was conducted in Denmark from October 2018 to February 2022 at a single academic tertiary care center. Adult inpatients and outpatients were consecutively randomized. Intervention Patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either the MC group or the PICC control group. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI), analyzed using the Fisher exact test. Secondary outcomes were symptomatic catheter-related thrombosis and catheter failure, including mechanical cause, phlebitis, infiltration, pain in relation to drug or fluid administration, and leaking from the puncture site. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated to assess between-group failure rates over device dwell time using Poisson regression. An intention-to-treat analysis was performed. Results A total of 304 patients (mean [SD] age, 64.6 [13.5] years; 130 [42.8%] female) were included in the analysis, and 152 patients were allocated to each catheter group. The incidence of CRBSI was low, with 0 in the MC group and 1 in the PICC control group (P > .99). The MC group had a higher catheter-related complication rate (20 [13.2%] vs 11 [7.2%]), and an IRR of 2.37 (95% CI, 1.12-5.02; P = .02) for complications compared with the PICC control group. In a post hoc analysis stratified by catheter dwell time, no significant difference in complication rate (IRR, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.50-2.68; P = .73) was found between the 2 groups for catheters used less than 16 days. Conclusions and Relevance In this RCT with patients who received medium- to long-term intravenous therapy, the incidence of CRBSI was low, with no difference between MCs and PICCs. The use of MCs resulted in a higher incidence of catheter-related complications compared with use of PICCs. This finding should be balanced in the decision of type of catheter used at the individual patient level. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04140916.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon L. Thomsen
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Rikke Boa
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Lars Vinter-Jensen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Centre for Nutrition and Intestinal Failure, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Bodil S. Rasmussen
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Gala S, Alsbrooks K, Bahl A, Wimmer M. The economic burden of difficult intravenous access in the emergency department from a United States' provider perspective. J Res Nurs 2024; 29:6-18. [PMID: 38495321 PMCID: PMC10939017 DOI: 10.1177/17449871231213025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Peripheral intravenous catheter placement is one of the most common invasive procedures that nurses will perform, especially in emergency departments. Aims This early analysis aimed to quantify the economic burden associated with intravenous therapy in patients presenting in emergency departments with difficult intravenous access, receiving traditional peripheral intravenous catheters. This may inform the opportunity for improvement for investment in nursing tools and services regarding difficult venous access burden reduction. Methods Model parameter data were obtained from published literature where possible via a targeted literature review for the terms including relative variations of 'Difficult Venous Access', 'burden', and 'costs', or elicited from expert clinical opinion. A simple decision tree model was developed in Microsoft® Excel 2016. Results included number of insertion attempts, number of patients requiring escalation, catheter failures due to complications, healthcare professional (e.g. nurse) time, and total costs (including/excluding health care professional time). Sensitivity analyses were performed. Results The model considers 64,000 individuals presenting in the emergency department annually, of which 75% (48,000) require a peripheral intravenous catheter; of these 22% (10,560) are estimated to have difficult venous access. The total cost burden of difficult venous access is estimated to be $890,095 per year/$84.29 per patient with difficult venous access, including the cost of clinician time. Key total cost drivers include the population size treated in the emergency department annually, the proportion of midlines placed by a specialist IV (intravenous access) nurse and the percentage of patients with difficult venous access. Conclusion This is the first formal analysis estimating the significant economic burden of difficult venous access in emergency departments via peripheral intravenous catheter placement, a task frequently performed by nurses. Further studies are needed to evaluate nursing-centric strategies for reducing this burden. Additionally, adoption of a concise definition is needed, as is routine use of reliable assessment tools so that future cost analyses can be better contextualised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smeet Gala
- Associate Director, HEOR, Becton Dickinson and Co, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA
| | - Kim Alsbrooks
- Senior Director Medical Affairs, Becton Dickinson and Co, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA
| | - Amit Bahl
- Emergency Medicine Physician, Emergency Medicine, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, USA
| | - Megan Wimmer
- Director, HEOR, Becton Dickinson and Co, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA
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Diwakar K, Kumar S, Srivastava P, Uddin MW, Mishra S. Reduction in the incidence of infusion-related phlebitis in a pediatric critical care unit of Eastern India: A quality improvement initiative. Med J Armed Forces India 2024; 80:46-51. [PMID: 38261873 PMCID: PMC10793235 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2021.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Phlebitis is one of the most common complications of the peripheral venous catheter (PVC) and adversely impacts future venous access, and bacterial phlebitis may lead to bloodstream infection. The objective of the study was to reduce the to reduce the incidence of infusion-related phlebitis in children admitted to the pediatric critical care unit. Methods This Quality Initiative was implemented in the pediatric critical care unit of a tertiary care hospital between November 2019 and April 2020. Five interventions were identified (hand hygiene, use of transparent dressing, use of extension lines with PVCs, use of hard cardboard splints for joint immobilization, use of heparinized flush after medication administration) and were introduced sequentially. Over the next five weeks, a new intervention was introduced weekly while continuing the previous ones, if found to be working well as per improvement parameter, the phlebitis rate. From the sixth week onwards, all five interventions were applied together as a bundle. Results Total seven hundred eighteen PVCs were sited in 284 (Male: female 1.58:1) patients during study period and a total of 56 incidences of phlebitis were observed. Mean baseline phlebitis rate was 48.5%. In the next 5 weeks when interventions were implemented as planned, phlebitis rate was 35.7% (n = 10), 16.6% (n = 03), 21.6% (n = 8), 10% (n = 05), and 13.3% (n = 2) respectively. Implementation of all five interventions together as a bundle led to reduction in phlebitis rate below 5 % consistently over the next 18 weeks (n = 8). Conclusion A consistent reduction in PVC-related phlebitis can be achieved by the implementation of evidence-based interventions for the prevention of phlebitis, as a bundle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Diwakar
- Senior Consultant (Pediatrics), Tata Main Hospital, C-Road, West Northern Town, Bistupur, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Specialist (Pediatrics), Tata Main Hospital, C-Road, West Northern Town, Bistupur, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
| | - Preeti Srivastava
- Consultant (Pediatrics), Tata Main Hospital, C-Road, West Northern Town, Bistupur, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
| | - Md Waseem Uddin
- Specialist (Pediatrics), Tata Main Hospital, C-Road, West Northern Town, Bistupur, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
| | - Sudhir Mishra
- Chief Consultant (Pediatrics), Tata Main Hospital, C-Road, West Northern Town, Bistupur, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
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Mousavi H, Ghanbari A, Karkhah S, Alizadeh J, Kazemnejad Leyli E, Jafaraghaee F. The effect of clinical guideline education on the knowledge and practice of nurses for peripheral intravenous catheter placement based on short message service: A quasi-experimental study. J Vasc Access 2024; 25:132-139. [PMID: 35634967 DOI: 10.1177/11297298221101804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) placement is the most common invasive clinical procedure, often performed by nurses in hospitals worldwide. This study aimed to assess the effect of clinical guideline education on the knowledge and practice of nurses for PIVC placement based on short message service (SMS). METHODS In a quasi-experimental study with parallel groups, 66 nurses working in two general university hospitals in Iran were enrolled. Data was collected from 2017 to 2018. PIVC placement was assessed before, immediately, and 4 weeks after educational intervention based on SMS (twice a day for 10 days). RESULTS Nurses' knowledge score immediately after intervention versus before intervention was higher in the intervention group than in the control group (4.48 vs -0.70; p < 0.001). Nurses' knowledge score in 4 weeks after intervention versus immediately after intervention was lower in the intervention group than in the control group (0.03 vs 0.42; p = 0.014). Nurses' knowledge scores 4 weeks after intervention versus before intervention was higher in the intervention group than in the control group (4.52 vs -0.27; p < 0.001). Nurses' practice score immediately after intervention versus before intervention was higher in the intervention group than in the control group (0.57 vs -0.18; p = 0.174). Nurses' practice score 4 weeks after intervention vs immediately after intervention was higher in the intervention group than in the control group (-0.10 vs -0.38; p = 0.046). Nurses' practice scores 4 weeks after intervention versus before intervention was higher in the intervention group than in the control group (0.47 vs -0.56; p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Educational intervention by SMS had a significant effect on increasing the knowledge and practice of nurses toward clinical guidelines for PIVC placement. Therefore, it is suggested that educational intervention by SMS be conducted to improve nurses' knowledge as an effective educational method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengameh Mousavi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Atefeh Ghanbari
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center (SDHRC), School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Samad Karkhah
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Quchan School of Nursing, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Javad Alizadeh
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ehsan Kazemnejad Leyli
- Department of Bio-Statistics, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Fateme Jafaraghaee
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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Zanella MC, Pianca E, Catho G, Obama B, De Kraker MEA, Nguyen A, Chraiti MN, Sobel J, Fortchantre L, Harbarth S, Abbas M, Buetti N. Increased Peripheral Venous Catheter Bloodstream Infections during COVID-19 Pandemic, Switzerland. Emerg Infect Dis 2024; 30:159-162. [PMID: 38063084 PMCID: PMC10756358 DOI: 10.3201/eid3001.230183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies suggest that central venous catheter bloodstream infections (BSIs) increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. We investigated catheter-related BSIs in Switzerland and found peripheral venous catheter (PVC) BSI incidence increased during 2021-2022 compared with 2020. These findings should raise awareness of PVC-associated BSIs and prompt inclusion of PVC BSIs in surveillance systems.
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Privitera D, Bassi E, Airoldi C, Capsoni N, Innocenti G, Santomauro I, Molin AD. Effectiveness of short peripheral intravenous catheter educational programmes to improve clinical outcomes protocol for a systematic review. MethodsX 2023; 11:102352. [PMID: 37705570 PMCID: PMC10495618 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2023.102352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The placement of a short peripheral intravenous catheter (sPIVC) is the most common invasive clinical procedure for patients requiring fluid infusion and multiple blood draws. Phlebitis and infiltration represent the most common catheter-related complications. Occlusions, dislocations, and infections are less frequent. Insufficient knowledge and skills may increase the risk of these complications. This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of training programmes to reduce sPIVC failure amongst hospitalised patients. We will search PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Cochrane Vascular Specialized Register through the Cochrane Register of Studies, and Google Scholar. We defined the search query using the PICO framework (Participants: health professionals; Intervention: training programme; Comparison: No training programme; Outcomes: all-cause catheter failure). We will include experimental studies evaluating an educational programme to reduce early sPIVC failure amongst hospitalised patients. Two reviewers will independently screen studies for inclusion, extract data, and perform the risk of bias assessment using the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care Risk of Bias tool for randomised controlled trials. This review will highlight important perspectives for future studies on the effectiveness of educational programmes focused on reducing the rate of sPIVC complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Privitera
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Department of Emergency Medicine, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Erika Bassi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Chiara Airoldi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Nicolò Capsoni
- Department of Emergency Medicine, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Gloria Innocenti
- Centro Documentazione Biomedica, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Isabella Santomauro
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Alberto Dal Molin
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Health Professions’ Direction, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
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Garcia R. Moving Beyond Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections: Enhancement of the Prevention Process. JOURNAL OF INFUSION NURSING 2023; 46:217-222. [PMID: 37406336 DOI: 10.1097/nan.0000000000000509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The provision of medications and other treatments via intravenous (IV) therapy has provided millions of health care patients with extended benefits. IV therapy, however, is also associated with complications, such as associated bloodstream infections. Understanding the mechanisms of development and the factors that have contributed to the recent increases in such health care-acquired infections assists in formulating new preventive strategies that include the implementation of hospital-onset bacteremia, an innovative model that requires surveillance and prevention of bloodstream infections associated with all types of vascular access devices, expansion of vascular access service teams (VAST), and use of advanced antimicrobial dressings designed to reduce bacterial proliferation over the currently recommended time periods for maintenance of IV catheters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Garcia
- Infection Prevention Consultant, Enhanced Epidemiology, Valley Stream, New York
- Robert Garcia, BS, MT(ASCP), CIC, FAPIC, has been an infection preventionist/consultant for 43 years and a member of the Association for Professionals in Infection Control & Epidemiology (APIC). He received a Bachelor of Science in Community Health from St. Joseph's College in 1982 and has been certified in infection control since 1984 by the Certification Board in Infection Control. Mr Garcia was elected in 2016 as a fellow in APIC 2016, a designation for experienced infection preventionists who have had significant contributions to the field of infection prevention. In addition, Mr Garcia has been an infection preventionist/director at 9 hospitals in New York, most recently as a senior instructional support specialist at the Healthcare Epidemiology Department, Stony Brook University Hospital (Stony Brook, NY). He is a principal national researcher on the effectiveness of silver-hydrogel urinary catheters, chlorhexidine skin antisepsis, and comprehensive oral care to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia. Mr Garcia is an international speaker on infection prevention issues, such as health care-associated infections, microbiology, diagnostic and antibiotic stewardship, and environmental contamination
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Fu J, Zhao L, Tian Y, Liu Y, Zhang H, Li H. Impact of terminal tip location of midline catheters on catheter-related complications and indwelling duration in elderly patients. Nurs Open 2023; 10:2349-2356. [PMID: 36385582 PMCID: PMC10006645 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the relationship between the position of the midline catheter tip and the frequency and type of complications associated with its placement. DESIGN A cohort study was performed on patients between May 2018 and December 2021 who underwent midline catheter placement at our institution. Patients were divided into two groups, superficial implementation and deep implementation, based on the midline catheter tip location relative to the clavicle. METHODS Clinical data and outcome parameters, including the numbers and types of midline catheter-related complications, day of occurrence and catheter indwell duration, were recorded. RESULTS Catheter-related complications occurred in 14 individuals. Compared with the superficial implementation group, the incidence of complications in the deep catheterization group was significantly reduced, with a delayed first occurrence time, and a prolonged catheter indwelling time. The results suggested that locating the midline catheter tip in the distal segment of the axillary vein may reduce catheter-related complication incidence and prolong the indwelling duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Fu
- Department of Geriatrics & The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.,Nursing Theory & Practice Innovation Research Center of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lingling Zhao
- Nursing Theory & Practice Innovation Research Center of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Nursing, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yingmei Tian
- Department of Geriatrics & The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.,Nursing Theory & Practice Innovation Research Center of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yinmeng Liu
- Department of Geriatrics & The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.,Nursing Theory & Practice Innovation Research Center of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics & The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Haijun Li
- Department of Geriatrics & The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
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Ray-Barruel G, Alexander M. CE: Evidence-Based Practice for Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Management. Am J Nurs 2023; 123:32-37. [PMID: 37718967 DOI: 10.1097/01.naj.0000905568.37179.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) are among the most common invasive devices used in hospitalized patients, with over 300 million sold in the United States each year. However, about one-fourth of PIVCs are left in situ with no prescriber orders for IV medications or solutions, "just in case" they might be needed. PIVC insertion can be painful, is often unnecessary, and may increase a patient's risk of developing a bloodstream infection. This article reviews the evidence for the appropriate use of short PIVCs in hospitalized patients, assesses the ongoing need for PIVCs, provides recommendations for alternative options, and argues for promptly removing a PIVC that is no longer in use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian Ray-Barruel
- Gillian Ray-Barruel is a senior research fellow at the Herston Infectious Diseases Institute and the University of Queensland School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; an adjunct senior research fellow at the Griffith University School of Nursing and Midwifery; education director at the Alliance for Vascular Access Teaching and Research (AVATAR); and associate editor of Infection, Disease and Health. Mary Alexander is chief executive officer of the Infusion Nurses Society in Norwood, MA. Contact author: Gillian Ray-Barruel, . The authors and planners have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise
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11
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Marsh N, Larsen EN, O'Brien C, Ware RS, Kleidon TM, Groom P, Hewer B, Alexandrou E, Flynn J, Woollett K, Rickard CM. Safety and efficacy of midline catheters versus peripheral intravenous catheters: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Int J Nurs Pract 2022; 29:e13110. [PMID: 36303515 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.13110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite pervasive need for peripheral intravenous catheters, insertion is often difficult, and approximately two thirds fail prematurely. Midline catheters are an alternative long peripheral catheter, inserted in the upper arm, ideal for patients with difficult access. AIM The aim of this study is to test feasibility of the protocol and compare the efficacy and safety of midline catheters to peripheral intravenous catheters. DESIGN A parallel-group, pilot randomized controlled trial of adult medical/surgical hospitalized patients, from a single Australian referral hospital. METHODS Participants with difficult vascular access (≤2 palpable veins) and/or anticipated ≥5 days of peripherally compatible intravenous therapy were recruited between May 2019 and March 2020. Participants were randomized to (1) peripheral intravenous catheter or (2) midline catheter. Primary feasibility outcome measured eligibility, recruitment, protocol adherence, retention and attrition. Primary clinical outcomes measured device insertion failure and post-insertion failure. RESULTS In total, n = 143 participants (71 peripheral intravenous catheters and 72 midline catheters) were recruited; n = 139 were analysed. Most feasibility criteria were met. Peripheral intravenous catheters had shorter functional dwell time, with higher incidence of post-insertion failure compared to midline catheters. CONCLUSION Midline catheters appear to be superior for patients with difficult vascular access or receiving prolonged intravenous therapy; a large, multi-centre trial to confirm findings is feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Marsh
- Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, Surgical and Perioperative Services; Herston Infectious Diseases Institute Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Herston Queensland Australia
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work The University of Queensland, UQCCR Herston Herston Queensland Australia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery Griffith University Brisbane Queensland Australia
- School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Brisbane Australia
- School of Nursing Queensland University of Technology Kelvin Grove Queensland Australia
| | - Emily N. Larsen
- Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, Surgical and Perioperative Services; Herston Infectious Diseases Institute Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Herston Queensland Australia
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work The University of Queensland, UQCCR Herston Herston Queensland Australia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery Griffith University Brisbane Queensland Australia
- School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Brisbane Australia
| | - Catherine O'Brien
- Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, Surgical and Perioperative Services; Herston Infectious Diseases Institute Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Herston Queensland Australia
| | - Robert S. Ware
- School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Brisbane Australia
| | - Tricia M. Kleidon
- Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, Surgical and Perioperative Services; Herston Infectious Diseases Institute Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Herston Queensland Australia
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work The University of Queensland, UQCCR Herston Herston Queensland Australia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery Griffith University Brisbane Queensland Australia
- Queensland Children's Hospital South Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Peter Groom
- Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, Surgical and Perioperative Services; Herston Infectious Diseases Institute Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Herston Queensland Australia
| | - Barbara Hewer
- Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, Surgical and Perioperative Services; Herston Infectious Diseases Institute Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Herston Queensland Australia
| | - Evan Alexandrou
- Liverpool Hospital, Department of Intensive Care Liverpool New South Wales Australia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery Western Sydney University New South Wales Australia
| | - Julie Flynn
- School of Nursing and Midwifery University of Southern Queensland Ipswich Queensland Australia
| | - Kaylene Woollett
- Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, Surgical and Perioperative Services; Herston Infectious Diseases Institute Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Herston Queensland Australia
| | - Claire M. Rickard
- Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, Surgical and Perioperative Services; Herston Infectious Diseases Institute Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Herston Queensland Australia
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work The University of Queensland, UQCCR Herston Herston Queensland Australia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery Griffith University Brisbane Queensland Australia
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12
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Chen CY, Chen WC, Chen JY, Lai CC, Wei YF. Comparison of clinically indicated replacement and routine replacement of peripheral intravenous catheters: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:964096. [PMID: 36035414 PMCID: PMC9411788 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.964096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is unknown whether clinically indicated replacement of peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) increases the risks of PIVC-associated complications and infections compared to routine replacement of PIVCs. Methods We searched PubMed, the Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Ovid MEDLINE, and Clinicaltrials.gov for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compare the safety outcomes of routine replacement and clinically indicated replacement of PIVCs were included for meta-analysis. The primary outcome was the incidence of phlebitis, and secondary outcomes included the risks of occlusion, local infection, infiltration, catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI), and accidental removal of the PIVC. Results A total of 9 RCTs involving 10 973 patients were included in this meta-analysis, of whom 5,546 and 5,527 were assigned to the study group (clinically indicated replacement of PIVCs) and control group (routine replacement of PIVCs every 72–96 h), respectively. The incidence of phlebitis in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group [risk ratio (RR), 1.20; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01–1.44, P = 0.04, I2 = 49%]. In addition, the study group was associated with a higher risk of occlusion (RR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.08–1.95, P = 0.01, I2 = 82%) and infiltration (fluid leaks) (RR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.06–1.53, P = 0.01, I2 = 72%) than the control group. However, no significant differences were observed in the risks of local infection (RR, 1.75; 95% CI, 0.38–8.16, P = 0.48, I2 = 0%) and CRBSI (RR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.08–4.68, P = 0.64, I2 = 0%) between the study and control groups. Conclusion The clinically indicated replacement of PIVCs may increase the risks of PIVC-associated phlebitis, infiltration, and occlusion compared to the routine replacement of PIVCs, but did not increase the risk of PIVC-associated infections. Based on these findings, routine replacement of PIVCs every 72–96 h maybe a preferred option than clinically indicated replacement of PIVCs. Systematic review registration [www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/], identifier [CRD42022302021].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yi Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wang-Chun Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Yueh Chen
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Lai
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chih-Cheng Lai,
| | - Yu-Feng Wei
- Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Yu-Feng Wei,
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13
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Buetti N, Abbas M, Pittet D, Chraiti MN, Sauvan V, De Kraker MEA, Boisson M, Teixeira D, Zingg W, Harbarth S. Lower risk of peripheral venous catheter-related bloodstream infection by hand insertion. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2022; 11:80. [PMID: 35659775 PMCID: PMC9164319 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-022-01117-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Little is known about the bloodstream infection (BSI) risk associated with short-term peripheral venous catheters (PVCs) and no large study investigated the insertion site-related risk for PVC-BSI. METHODS We performed a cohort study at the University of Geneva Hospitals using the prospective hospital-wide BSI surveillance database. We analyzed the association between insertion site and risk of PVC-BSI on the upper extremity using univariable and multivariable marginal Cox models. RESULTS Between 2016 and 2020, utilization of 403'206 peripheral venous catheters were prospectively recorded in a 2000-bed hospital consortium with ten sites. Twenty-seven percent of PVC (n = 109'686) were inserted in the hand. After adjustment for confounding factors, hand insertion was associated with a decreased PVC-BSI risk (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.42, 95% CI 0.18-0.98, p = 0.046) compared to more proximal insertion sites. In a sensitivity analysis for PVCs with ≥ 3 days of dwell time, we confirmed a decreased PVC-BSI risk after hand insertion (HR 0.37, 95% CI 0.15-0.93, p = 0.035). CONCLUSION Hand insertion should be considered for reducing PVC infections, especially for catheters with an expected dwell time of more than 2 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò Buetti
- grid.150338.c0000 0001 0721 9812Infection Control Program and WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Service PCI, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland ,grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602UMR 1137, IAME, INSERM, Université de Paris, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- grid.150338.c0000 0001 0721 9812Infection Control Program and WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Service PCI, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland ,grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Didier Pittet
- grid.150338.c0000 0001 0721 9812Infection Control Program and WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Service PCI, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Noëlle Chraiti
- grid.150338.c0000 0001 0721 9812Infection Control Program and WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Service PCI, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Valérie Sauvan
- grid.150338.c0000 0001 0721 9812Infection Control Program and WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Service PCI, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marlieke E. A. De Kraker
- grid.150338.c0000 0001 0721 9812Infection Control Program and WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Service PCI, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Matthieu Boisson
- grid.150338.c0000 0001 0721 9812Infection Control Program and WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Service PCI, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Teixeira
- grid.150338.c0000 0001 0721 9812Infection Control Program and WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Service PCI, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Walter Zingg
- grid.150338.c0000 0001 0721 9812Infection Control Program and WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Service PCI, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland ,grid.412004.30000 0004 0478 9977Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Harbarth
- grid.150338.c0000 0001 0721 9812Infection Control Program and WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Service PCI, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
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Stevens CM, Malone K, Champaneri D, Gavin N, Harper D. A Primer and Literature Review on Internal and External Retention Mechanisms for Catheter Fixation. Cureus 2022; 14:e24616. [PMID: 35664377 PMCID: PMC9150508 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.24616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although catheters are commonplace in hospital settings, there is scarce literature discussing the internal and external retention mechanisms used to aid in catheter fixation. Additionally, exact definitions and detailed information on internal and external retention mechanisms are almost non-existent in the literature. This article serves three primary purposes. The first purpose is to define internal and external catheter retention mechanisms, describe how they work, and provide examples of each that are routinely used in healthcare settings. The second goal of this paper is to provide a literature review comparing various aspects of the different types of internal and external catheter retention mechanisms discussed in the paper, including performance variance and the advantages and disadvantages of each. The third aim of this article is to provide a brief overview of catheter dislodgment, including the rates at which this occurs, the problems that can arise, and the best treatment option when this does occur.
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15
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Mörgeli R, Schmidt K, Neumann T, Kruppa J, Föhring U, Hofmann P, Rosenberger P, Falk E, Boemke W, Spies C. A comparison of first-attempt cannulation success of peripheral venous catheter systems with and without wings and injection ports in surgical patients-a randomized trial. BMC Anesthesiol 2022; 22:88. [PMID: 35361115 PMCID: PMC8969381 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-022-01631-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A peripheral venous catheter (PVC) is the most widely used device for obtaining vascular access, allowing the administration of fluids and medication. Up to 25% of adult patients, and 50% of pediatric patients experience a first-attempt cannulation failure. In addition to patient and clinician characteristics, device features might affect the handling and success rates. The objective of the study was to compare the first-attempt cannulation success rate between PVCs with wings and a port access (Vasofix® Safety, B. Braun, abbreviated hereon in as VS) with those without (Introcan® Safety, B. Braun, abbreviated hereon in as IS) in an anesthesiological cohort. METHODS An open label, multi-center, randomized trial was performed. First-attempt cannulation success rates were examined, along with relevant patient, clinician, and device characteristics with univariate and multivariate analyses. Information on handling and adherence to use instructions was gathered, and available catheters were assessed for damage. RESULTS Two thousand three hundred four patients were included in the intention to treat analysis. First-attempt success rate was significantly higher with winged and ported catheters (VS) than with the non-winged, non-ported design (IS) (87.5% with VS vs. 78.2% with IS; PChi < .001). Operators rated the handling of VS as superior (rating of "good" or "very good: 86.1% VS vs. 20.8% IS, PChi < .001). Reinsertion of the needle into the catheter after partial withdrawal-prior or during the catheterization attempt-was associated with an increased risk of cannulation failure (7.909, CI 5.989-10.443, P < .001 and 23.023, CI 10.372-51.105, P < .001, respectively) and a twofold risk of catheter damage (OR 1.999, CI 1.347-2.967, P = .001). CONCLUSIONS First-attempt cannulation success of peripheral, ported, winged catheters was higher compared to non-ported, non-winged devices. The handling of the winged and ported design was better rated by the clinicians. Needle reinsertions are related to an increase in rates of catheter damage and cannulation failure. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT02213965 , Date: 12/08/2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf Mörgeli
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine (CCM, CVK), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charitépl. 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin Schmidt
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine (CCM, CVK), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charitépl. 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tim Neumann
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine (CBF), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jochen Kruppa
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine (CCM, CVK), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charitépl. 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Föhring
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine (CBF), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pascal Hofmann
- Universitätsklinik Für Anästhesiologie Und Intensivmedizin Tübingen, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Rosenberger
- Universitätsklinik Für Anästhesiologie Und Intensivmedizin Tübingen, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Elke Falk
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine (CCM, CVK), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charitépl. 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Willehad Boemke
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine (CCM, CVK), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charitépl. 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Spies
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine (CCM, CVK), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charitépl. 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
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Akman Ö, Yildirim D, Sarikaya A, Ozturk C. Evaluation of Nursing Students’ Peripheral Intravenous Catheter (Insertion/Placement) Attempts with Simulator. CYPRUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.4274/cjms.2021.2285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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17
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Bahl A, Hijazi M, Chen NW. Vesicant infusates are not associated with ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous catheter failure: A secondary analysis of existing data. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262793. [PMID: 35085318 PMCID: PMC8794136 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intravenous vesicants are commonly infused via peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVC) despite guidelines recommending administration via central route. The impact of these medications on PIVC failure is unclear. We aimed to assess dose-related impact of these caustic medications on ultrasound-guided (US) PIVC survivorship. Methods We performed a secondary analysis of a randomized control trial that compared survival of two catheters: a standard long (SL) and an ultra-long (UL) US PIVC. This study involved reviewing and recording all vesicants infusions through the PIVCs. Type and number of vesicants doses were extracted and characterized as one, two or multiple. The most commonly used vesicants were individually categorized for further analysis. The primary outcome was PIVC failure accounting for use and timing of vesicant infusates. Results Between October 2018 and March 2019, 257 subjects were randomized with 131 in the UL group and 126 in the SL group. Vesicants were infused in 96 (37.4%) out of 257 study participants. In multivariable time-dependent extended Cox regression analysis, there was no significant increased risk of failure due to vesicant use [adjusted hazard ratio, aHR 1.71 (95% CI 0.76–1.81) p = 0.477]. The number of vesicant doses was not significantly associated with the increased risk of PIVC failure [(1 vs 0) aHR 1.20 (95% CI 0.71–2.02) p = 0.500], [(2 vs 0) aHR 1.51 (95% CI 0.67–3.43) p = 0.320] and [(≥ 3 vs 0) aHR 0.98 (95% CI 0.50–1.92) p = 0.952]. Conclusion Vesicant usage did not significantly increase the risk of PIVC failure even when multiple doses were needed in this investigation. Ultrasound-guided PIVCs represent a pragmatic option when vesicant therapy is anticipated. Nevertheless, it is notable that overall PIVC failure rates remain high and other safety events related to vesicant use should be considered when clinicians make vascular access decisions for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Bahl
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Mahmoud Hijazi
- Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Nai-Wei Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan, United States of America
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18
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Indarwati F, Munday J, Keogh S. Nurse knowledge and confidence on peripheral intravenous catheter insertion and maintenance in pediatric patients: A multicentre cross-sectional study. J Pediatr Nurs 2022; 62:10-16. [PMID: 34798582 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine nursing knowledge and confidence of peripheral intravenous catheter insertion and maintenance in pediatric patients. DESIGN AND METHODS An online survey using validated questionnaires was conducted in ten (tertiary and district) hospitals in Indonesia from May to September 2020. Multivariable general linear models were used to investigate associations between nurses' characteristics and knowledge and confidence on the catheter insertion and maintenance score. RESULTS A total of 413 out of 458 pediatric nurses completed the survey (a response rate of 90%). The mean score of the nurse knowledge on insertion was 18.9(±3.3) (maximum score: 21), and the maintenance score was 6.5(±2.0) (maximum score: 12). The median score of the nurse insertion and maintenance confidence was quite high: 44 (IQR = 7) out of 50 and 37 (IQR = 4) out of 45, respectively. Initial patient assessment, catheter securement, site assessment and management of complications are areas where nurse knowledge and confidence are still lacking. Adjusted analysis indicates that training and work experience were significantly associated with the knowledge and confidence score (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Pediatric nurses were largely confident in their skills but this was not reflected in their knowledge scores. Training and experience were important predictors for nursing knowledge and confidence in catheter insertion and maintenance. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The results provide nursing and hospital managers and educational institutions to understand areas of intravenous catheter insertion and maintenance in which nurses lack of knowledge and confidence as well as to formulate tailored and ongoing training to improve nurse knowledge, confidence, practices and optimize patients' care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferika Indarwati
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Faculty of Health, School of Nursing, Centre for Healthcare Transformation, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Judy Munday
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Faculty of Health, School of Nursing, Centre for Healthcare Transformation, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Agder, Grimstad, Norway; Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Samantha Keogh
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Faculty of Health, School of Nursing, Centre for Healthcare Transformation, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Alliance of Vascular Access Teaching and Research Group, Menzies Health Institute, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.
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Reducing Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Extravasation in Neonates: A Quality Improvement Project. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs 2021; 48:31-38. [PMID: 33427807 DOI: 10.1097/won.0000000000000728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our objective was to reduce total and severe peripheral intravenous extravasation (PIVE) incidence by 40% in our neonatal intensive care unit. SETTING/APPROACH This quality improvement initiative was performed at an academic, free-standing suburban children's hospital, in a level 4 neonatal intensive care unit from June 2017 to April 2018. Baseline extravasation data for a period of 6 months prior to the initiative were reviewed, along with a nursing knowledge questionnaire and random audits of catheter stabilization techniques. A Pareto chart and a key driver diagram were created to identify the most common causes of extravasations and lead to a series of process changes. We implemented 4 Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles: (1) dressing protocol for peripheral intravenous vascular (PIV) catheter securement that instituted standardized securement and safer equipment; (2) education on PIV assessment and maintenance, concentrating on hourly evaluation and documentation; (3) guidance algorithm for PIVE identification and treatment; and (4) escalation policy, limiting the number of placement attempts and increased use of a "superuser" team. OUTCOMES The overall prevalence of extravasations decreased by 54%, from 73 preintervention to 40 at postintervention. At baseline, 52% (38/73) extravasations were severe; however, those in the severe category decreased by 35% (14/40) postintervention. The overall rate of adherence to the PIV catheter management algorithm approached 95%; whereas adherence to the securement guideline fluctuated between 80% and 98%. IMPLICATION FOR PRACTICE The implementation of these new practice recommendations along with the education has resulted in a decreased rate and severity of extravasation. Frequent audits and reinforcements are integral to sustainment and to ensure accountability for the implemented procedures.
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Andersen NL, Jensen RO, Posth S, Laursen CB, Jørgensen R, Graumann O. Teaching ultrasound-guided peripheral venous catheter placement through immersive virtual reality: An explorative pilot study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26394. [PMID: 34232171 PMCID: PMC8270624 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immersive virtual reality (IVR)-based training is gaining ground as an educational tool in healthcare. When combined with well-established educational methods, IVR can potentially increase competency and autonomy in ultrasound (US)-guided peripheral venous cannulation.The aim of this study was to examine the impact of adding IVR training to a course in US-guided peripheral venous cannulation. METHODS Medical students (n = 19) from the University of Southern Denmark with no former standardized US education were recruited to voluntarily participate in a pilot study, designed as a randomized controlled trial. The primary outcome was the proportion of successful peripheral venous cannulations on a phantom. Secondary outcomes included the proportion of surface punctures on the phantom and procedure time. Participants received e-learning on the basic US before randomization to either IVR (n = 10) or no further training (n = 9). The additional IVR training comprised 10 virtual scenarios for US-guided peripheral venous catheter (PVC) placement. Students were subsequently evaluated in peripheral venous cannulation by a blinded assessor. RESULTS The proportion of successful peripheral venous cannulations was significantly higher in the IVR group (P ≤ .001). The proportions of successful cannulations were significantly higher in the IVR group compared to the control group for the 1st and 2nd PVC (P = .011, P = .023), but not for the 3rd PVC (P = .087). Similar results were found for the proportion of surface punctures (1st: P ≤ .001, 2nd: P = .001, and 3rd: P = .114). No significant differences in procedure times were found between the groups. CONCLUSION This pilot study showed that adding an IVR-based training simulation to an existing e-learning curriculum significantly increased the learning efficacy of US-guided PVC placement for medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanna L. Andersen
- Department of Radiology, Odense University Hospital
- Research and Innovation Unit of Radiology, University of Southern Denmark
| | - Rune O. Jensen
- Research and Innovation Unit of Radiology, University of Southern Denmark
| | | | - Christian B. Laursen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Odense University Hospital
- Odense Respiratory Research Unit (ODIN), Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Jørgensen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Odense University Hospital
- Odense Respiratory Research Unit (ODIN), Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Ole Graumann
- Department of Radiology, Odense University Hospital
- Research and Innovation Unit of Radiology, University of Southern Denmark
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21
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Barton A. Prevention of medical adhesive-related skin injury (MARSI) during vascular access. BRITISH JOURNAL OF NURSING (MARK ALLEN PUBLISHING) 2021; 30:1-8. [PMID: 33977767 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2021.30.sup2.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Barton
- Nurse Consultant, Intravenous Therapy and Vascular Access, Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust
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22
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Eren H, Turkmen AS, Aslan A. Effect of topical application of black pepper essential oil on peripheral intravenous catheter insertion: A randomized controlled study. Explore (NY) 2021; 18:457-462. [PMID: 34154965 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The literature describes many techniques to increase vein visibility and palpability that facilitate peripheral intravenous catheter insertion. However, there is only one study examining the effect of topical essential black pepper oil on veins. We aimed to determine the effects of topical application of black pepper essential oil on peripheral intravenous catheter insertion success. METHODS This randomized controlled trial was carried out on 60 patients randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n=30) or the control group (n=30) reporting to the endoscopy unit of the clinic between May 2019 and October 2019. The study results were evaluated using an information form, a catheter insertion form, and a visual analog scale (VAS). In the experimental group, black pepper essential oil was used to increase vein degree before the procedure, while in the control group, no extra interventions were applied. The time taken in determining an appropriate vein, time taken for successful catheter insertion, and the patient's and nurse's satisfaction after the process were recorded. RESULTS Significant improvements in vein degree were detected after the experimental group's oil application (p1<0.001). The period of appropriate vein selection and successful catheter insertion showed a statistically significant decrease in the experimental group (p<0.05). The satisfaction levels of patients and nurses in the control group were significantly lower than those of the patients from the experimental group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Topical black pepper oil application can increase the vein degree and the success of the procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Handan Eren
- Yalova University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Yalova, Turkey.
| | - Ayse Sonay Turkmen
- Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Aslan
- Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, School of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Karaman, Turkey
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Clare S, Rowley S. Best practice skin antisepsis for insertion of peripheral catheters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 30:8-14. [PMID: 33433273 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2021.30.1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This article discusses the importance of effective skin antisepsis prior to the insertion of peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) and how best clinical practice is promoted by application of an appropriate method of skin disinfection integrated effectively with a proprietary aseptic non touch technique, or other standard aseptic technique. Historically under-reported, incidence of infection and risk to patients from PIVCs is now increasingly being recognised, with new research and evidence raising concern and helping to drive new clinical guidance and improvement. The risks posed by PIVCs are particularly significant given increasing PIVC dwell times, due to cannula removal now being determined by new guidance for clinical indication, rather than predefined time frames. Clinical 'best practice' is considered in context of the evidence base, importantly including availability and access to appropriate skin antisepsis products. In the UK, and other countries, ChloraPrep is the only skin antisepsis applicator licensed as a drug to disinfect skin and help prevent infections before invasive medical procedures, such as injections, blood sampling, insertion of PIVCs and minor or major surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Clare
- Research and Practice Development Director ANTT, The Association for Safe Aseptic Practice
| | - Stephen Rowley
- Clinical Director ANTT, The Association for Safe Aseptic Practice
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Carr PJ, O'Connor L, Gethin G, Ivory JD, O'Hara P, O'Toole O, Healy P. In the preparation and administration of intravenous medicines, what are the best practice standards that healthcare professionals need to follow to ensure patient safety? Protocol for a systematic review. HRB Open Res 2021; 3:19. [PMID: 34124573 PMCID: PMC8167500 DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13028.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Intravenous therapy and medicines (IVTM) are the most common invasive interventions in use in healthcare. Prescribed IVTM play an essential role in the treatment of illness, management of chronic conditions and in maintaining health and wellbeing. The intravenous (IV) route is the administration of concentrated medications (diluted or undiluted) directly into peripherally or centrally inserted vascular access devices. Medication safety is a key priority and best practice standards are required to guide the safe preparation and administration of IVTM. Methods: We will conduct a systematic review of the literature pertaining to the preparation and administration of intravenous therapy and medicines. Our search will include studies concerned with the preparation and/or administration of IVTM via peripheral or central vascular access devices. We will be guided by the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) in this review. Literature will include all trial designs, national/international guidelines, and expert consensus opinion made available in English from 2009 to present day. Conclusions: We will synthesise the evidence concerning safe and effective preparation and administration of intravenous therapy and medicines to inform the development of a national guideline for healthcare professionals in Ireland. The availability of up-to-date, contemporaneous evidence-based practice standards will ensure quality and safety for service-users. Registration: This study has been submitted to PROSPERO and we are awaiting confirmation of registration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Carr
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Laura O'Connor
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Georgina Gethin
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - John D. Ivory
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Orla O'Toole
- Clinical Trials Unit, HRB Clinical Research Facility, University Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Patricia Healy
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Using Electronic Data and a Mixed-Methods Approach to Evaluate Short Peripheral Catheter Outcomes in Acute Care. JOURNAL OF INFUSION NURSING 2021; 44:147-156. [PMID: 33935249 DOI: 10.1097/nan.0000000000000422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Short peripheral catheters (SPCs) are commonly used in hospitals, guided by evidence-based standards to optimize dwell time and limit adverse outcomes. Although SPC insertions are common, real-world evaluation is rare. A theory-based framework and mixed-methods design were used to analyze findings from a unit-level survey and electronic data to evaluate SPC care delivered on units at a large quaternary medical center over a 6-month period (quarters 1 and 2, 2017). Dissemination without adoption and maintenance may limit effectiveness. The convergent results confirmed the feasibility of extracting electronic data to be used by leaders to clinically evaluate staff knowledge and use behaviors to take action to improve outcomes.
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Abstract
Hospitalized adult patients often require more than 1 short peripheral catheter (SPC) to complete the prescribed intravenous (IV) therapy attributed to catheter failure and the practice of routinely replacing SPCs. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to increase the number of SPCs that dwell for the complete duration of the IV therapy in hospitalized adult patients using a bundled approach. Implementation of an engineered securement device (ESD), education pertaining to modifiable risk factors, and changing the practice to removal on clinical indication were methods used to reduce the number of SPC insertions and catheter failures. This study was conducted at a rural Midwestern hospital using a convenience sample (N = 405) and an observational, descriptive cohort design in 6 phases between September 2019 and March 2020. After the practice changes, there was a reduction of SPC replacement (24%), catheter failures (24% to 13%), SPCs per patient (M = 2.9-2.2; P = .045), SPC insertions (4000 per year), and catheter-related bloodstream infections (0.26 per 1000 catheter days to 0.0), as well as a significant increase of SPCs remaining in situ (M = 2.6-3.8 days; P < .001), resulting in an estimated cost savings of at least $285,000. The results demonstrated that the risk of failure significantly increased when SPCs were inserted in the wrist (P = .007) and upper arm (P = .026) and significantly reduced when inserted in the forearm (P = .39). Study findings suggest that using an ESD, promoting SPC insertion in the forearm, avoiding the wrist and upper arm, and changing practice to removal when clinically indicated reduced the number of SPC insertions and rate of catheter failures.
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Elizabeth Gómez-Neva M, Alonso Rondon Sepulveda M, Buitrago-Lopez A. Lifespan of peripheral intravenous short catheters in hospitalized children: A prospective study. J Vasc Access 2021; 23:730-737. [PMID: 33845674 DOI: 10.1177/11297298211005299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the recommended lifespan of 223 peripheral intravenous accesses in pediatric services. METHOD In this cohort study, we monitored the time of intravenous catheter between insertion and removal in children aged up to 15 years old in a Hospital from Bogotá-Colombia. The routine catheter observations was registered in questionnaires during nursing shifts. Survival analyses were performed to analyze the lifespan of the catheter free of complications. RESULTS The median lifespan of peripheral intravenous catheters without complications was 129 h (IQR 73.6-393.4 h). This median time free from complications was much lower for children ⩽1 year 98.3 h (IQR 63-141 h), than for participants aged >1 year 207.4 h (IQR 100-393 h). Catheters of 24 G (gauge) caliber had a median complication free time of 128 h (IQR 69-207 h) and 22 G calibers 144 h (IQR 103-393 h). CONCLUSIONS In this study, 75% of peripheral indwell catheters remained free from complications for 74 h, the other extreme 25% of these patients could remain up to 393 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elizabeth Gómez-Neva
- Faculty of Nursing, Department of Clinical Nursing, San Ignacio University Hospital, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Martin Alonso Rondon Sepulveda
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Adriana Buitrago-Lopez
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
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Tripathi S, Gladfelter T. Peripheral intravenous catheters in hospitalized patients: Practice, Dwell times, and factors impacting the dwell times: A single center retrospective study. J Vasc Access 2021; 23:581-588. [PMID: 33784876 DOI: 10.1177/11297298211000874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite being the most common hospital procedure, limited information is available on the peripheral intravenous (PIV) catheter insertion practices. This study was designed to evaluate the contemporary PIV insertion practice (all age groups), and to identify the patient and device-related factors influencing the dwell times (<18 years). METHODS Single Center Retrospective study. Patients of all age groups admitted to the hospital for >4 midnights, from 01/2015 to 12/2019. Data extracted by automated EMR audits. Variables included patient demographics, number of PIVs inserted, PIV size, location, dwell time, and length of stay. Standard comparative analysis, including multivariable linear regression for dwell time performed for patients <18 years. RESULTS A total of 44,198 (39,341 (89%) adults and 4857 (11%) children) PIVs on unique patients met study criteria, with mean duration of 2.8 ± 2.4 days in children and 2.6 ± 1.3 days in adults (p < 0.001). Pediatric PIV had more dwell time variation, with a higher proportion lasting <1-day and also >2 SD of the age-specific mean, compared to adults. Adults had significantly higher number of PIVs placed/week compared to children. The failure rate for PIV was 56% in children and 76% in adults (p < 0.001). 1 out of 5 adults required >5 PIV/admission. Forty-five percent of children requiring only one PIV versus 21.8% of seniors. Discharge department, body part, and PIV size were independently associated with the dwell duration in children. No PIV size, however, had an independent increase in dwell duration over the reference of the 24 Ga cannula in children. PIVs placed in ante cubital vein and upper arm had dwell duration 26% and 20% longer than PIVs placed in the hand. CONCLUSIONS The failure rate of PIV is high, and patients are subjected to multiple insertions during hospitalization. Hospital unit, body part, and PIV size are associated with the dwell duration in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Tripathi
- Pediatric Critical Care, OSF Saint Francis Medical Centre Peoria, IL, USA
| | - Taylor Gladfelter
- Healthcare Analytics, OSF Saint Francis Medical Centre, Peoria, IL, USA
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Marsh N, Larsen E, Hewer B, Monteagle E, Ware RS, Schults J, Rickard CM. 'How many audits do you really need?': Learnings from 5-years of peripheral intravenous catheter audits. Infect Dis Health 2021; 26:182-188. [PMID: 33795211 DOI: 10.1016/j.idh.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) are medical devices used to administer intravenous therapy but can be complicated by soft tissue or bloodstream infection. Monitoring PIVC safety and quality through clinical auditing supports quality infection prevention however is labour intensive. We sought to determine the optimal patient 'number' for clinical audits to inform evidence-based surveillance. METHODS We studied a dataset of cross-sectional PIVC clinical audits collected over five years (2015-2019) in a large Australian metropolitan hospital. Audits included adult medical, surgical, women's, cancer, emergency and critical care patients, with audit sizes of 69-220 PIVCs. The primary outcome was PIVC complications for one or more patient reported symptom/auditor observed sign of infection or other complications. Complication prevalence and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. We modelled scenarios of low (10%), medium (20%) and high (50%) prevalence estimates against audit sizes of 20, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300. This was used to develop a decision-making tool to guide audit size. RESULTS Of 2274 PIVCs evaluated, 475 (21%) had a complication. Complication prevalence per round varied from 7.8% (95% CI, 4.2-12.9) to 39% (95% CI, 32.0-46.4). Precision improved with larger audit size and lower complication rates. However, precision was not meaningfully improved by auditing >150 patients at a complication rate of 20% (95% CI 13.9%-27.3%), nor >200 patients at a complication rate of 50% (95% CI 42.9%-57.1%). CONCLUSION Audit sizes should be 100 to 250 PIVCs per audit round depending on complication prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Marsh
- Alliance for Vascular Access Teaching and Research, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Brisbane, 4111, Australia; Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, 4029, Australia; School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Brisbane, 4111, Australia; School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059, Australia.
| | - Emily Larsen
- Alliance for Vascular Access Teaching and Research, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Brisbane, 4111, Australia; Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, 4029, Australia; School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Brisbane, 4111, Australia
| | - Barbara Hewer
- Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, 4029, Australia
| | - Emily Monteagle
- School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, 4111, Australia
| | - Robert S Ware
- School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, 4111, Australia
| | - Jessica Schults
- Alliance for Vascular Access Teaching and Research, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Brisbane, 4111, Australia; Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, 4029, Australia; School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Brisbane, 4111, Australia; Department of Anaesthesia, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, 4101, Australia
| | - Claire M Rickard
- Alliance for Vascular Access Teaching and Research, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Brisbane, 4111, Australia; Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, 4029, Australia; School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Brisbane, 4111, Australia; Department of Anaesthesia, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, 4101, Australia
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The Seasonality of Peripheral Venous Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections. Infect Dis Ther 2021; 10:495-506. [PMID: 33548036 PMCID: PMC7954888 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-021-00407-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although the seasonality of infectious diseases has been widely reported, the seasonality of peripheral venous catheter-related bloodstream infection (PV-CRBSI) has not been investigated. This study investigated the seasonality of PV-CRBSI and its relationship with meteorological conditions. Methods A retrospective cohort study of PV-CRBSI at Tokyo Medical University Hospital (Tokyo, Japan), from 2009 to 2019, provided the data for descriptive and time series analyses used to evaluate the number of PV-CRBSI cases per 1000 admissions that occurred each month for each causative organism. By performing univariate and multivariate analyses, the researchers investigated the seasonality of cases and the relationships between meteorological conditions, other external factors, and PV-CRBSIs. Results This study included a total of 184 PV-CRBSI cases. The mean numbers of PV-CRBSI cases per 1000 admissions caused by all organisms, Bacillus cereus, Gram-positive cocci, and Gram-negative rods were 0.67, 0.15, 0.37, and 0.16 per month, respectively, during the study period. The time series analysis showed that the incidences of PV-CRBSI cases associated with B. cereus and Gram-negative rods were significantly different in the winter/spring from those in the summer/autumn (P < 0.05). The incidence of PV-CRBSI cases caused by B. cereus peaked during summer. The incidence of PV-CRBSI cases caused by B. cereus was significantly positively associated with average monthly temperature, whereas the incidence of PV-CRBSIs caused by Gram-negative rods was significantly negatively associated with average daylight hours. Conclusion The incidence of PV-CRBSIs caused by B. cereus showed seasonality, peaking during the summer, and a significant correlation was found between PV-CRBSIs caused by B. cereus and average monthly temperature. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40121-021-00407-9.
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Guenezan J, Marjanovic N, Drugeon B, Neill RO, Liuu E, Roblot F, Palazzo P, Bironneau V, Prevost F, Paul J, Pichon M, Boisson M, Frasca D, Mimoz O. Chlorhexidine plus alcohol versus povidone iodine plus alcohol, combined or not with innovative devices, for prevention of short-term peripheral venous catheter infection and failure (CLEAN 3 study): an investigator-initiated, open-label, single centre, randomised-controlled, two-by-two factorial trial. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2021; 21:1038-1048. [PMID: 33539734 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30738-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two billion peripheral venous catheters are sold globally each year, but the optimal skin disinfection and types of devices are not well established. We aimed to show the superiority of disinfection with 2% chlorhexidine plus alcohol over 5% povidone iodine plus alcohol in preventing infectious complications, and of closed integrated catheters, positive displacement needleless-connectors, disinfecting caps, and single-use prefilled flush syringes used in combination (innovation group) over open catheters and three-way stopcocks for treatment administration (standard group) in preventing catheter failure. METHODS We did an open-label, randomised-controlled trial with a two-by-two factorial design, for which we enrolled adults (age ≥18 years) visiting the emergency department at the Poitiers University Hospital, France, and requiring one peripheral venous catheter before admission to the medical wards. Before catheter insertion, patients were randomly assigned (1:1:1:1) using a secure web-based random-number generator to one of four treatment groups based on skin preparation and type of devices (innovative devices or standard devices; 2% chlorhexidine plus alcohol or 5% povidone iodine plus alcohol). Primary outcomes were the incidence of infectious complications (local infection, catheter colonisation, or bloodstream infections) and time between catheter insertion and catheter failure (occlusion, dislodgment, infiltration, phlebitis, or infection). This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03757143. FINDINGS 1000 patients were recruited between Jan 7, and Sept 6, 2019, of whom 500 were assigned to the chlorhexidine plus alcohol group and 500 to the povidone iodine plus alcohol group (250 with innovative solutions and 250 with standard devices in each antiseptic group). No significant interaction was found between the two study interventions. Local infections occurred less frequently with chlorhexidine plus alcohol than with povidone iodine plus alcohol (0 [0%] of 496 patients vs six [1%] of 493 patients) and the same was observed for catheter colonisation (4/431 [1%] vs 70/415 [17%] catheters among the catheters cultured; adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio 0·08 [95% CI 0·02-0·18]). Median time between catheter insertion and catheter failure was longer in the innovation group compared with the standard group (50·4 [IQR 29·6-69·4] h vs 30·0 [16·6-52·6] h; p=0·0017). Minor skin reactions occurred in nine (2%) patients in the chlorhexidine plus alcohol group and seven (1%) patients in the povidone iodine plus alcohol group. INTERPRETATION For skin antisepsis, chlorhexidine plus alcohol provides greater protection of peripheral venous catheter-related infectious complications than does povidone iodine plus alcohol. Use of innovative devices extends the catheter complication-free dwell time. FUNDING Becton Dickinson.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Guenezan
- Service des Urgences et SAMU 86 Centre 15, CHU de Poitiers, France; Université de Poitiers, UFR de Médecine-Pharmacie, Poitiers, France; INSERM U1070, Pharmacologie des Agents Anti-Infectieux, Poitiers, France
| | - Nicolas Marjanovic
- Service des Urgences et SAMU 86 Centre 15, CHU de Poitiers, France; Université de Poitiers, UFR de Médecine-Pharmacie, Poitiers, France
| | - Bertrand Drugeon
- Service des Urgences et SAMU 86 Centre 15, CHU de Poitiers, France
| | - Rodérick O Neill
- Service des Urgences et SAMU 86 Centre 15, CHU de Poitiers, France
| | | | - France Roblot
- Université de Poitiers, UFR de Médecine-Pharmacie, Poitiers, France; INSERM U1070, Pharmacologie des Agents Anti-Infectieux, Poitiers, France; Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHU de Poitiers, France
| | - Paola Palazzo
- Université de Poitiers, UFR de Médecine-Pharmacie, Poitiers, France; Service de Neurologie, CHU de Poitiers, France
| | | | | | - Julie Paul
- Plateforme Méthodologie-Data-Management, CHU de Poitiers, France
| | - Maxime Pichon
- Université de Poitiers, UFR de Médecine-Pharmacie, Poitiers, France; INSERM U1070, Pharmacologie des Agents Anti-Infectieux, Poitiers, France; Département des agents infectieux, Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Hygiène, Chu de Poitiers, France
| | - Matthieu Boisson
- Université de Poitiers, UFR de Médecine-Pharmacie, Poitiers, France; INSERM U1070, Pharmacologie des Agents Anti-Infectieux, Poitiers, France; Service d'Anesthésie, Réanimation et Médecine Péri-Opératoire, CHU de Poitiers, France
| | - Denis Frasca
- Université de Poitiers, UFR de Médecine-Pharmacie, Poitiers, France; Service d'Anesthésie, Réanimation et Médecine Péri-Opératoire, CHU de Poitiers, France; INSERM U1246, Methods in Patients-centered outcomes and Health Research - SPHERE, Nantes, France
| | - Olivier Mimoz
- Service des Urgences et SAMU 86 Centre 15, CHU de Poitiers, France; Université de Poitiers, UFR de Médecine-Pharmacie, Poitiers, France; INSERM U1070, Pharmacologie des Agents Anti-Infectieux, Poitiers, France.
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Carr PJ, O'Connor L, Gethin G, Ivory JD, O'Hara P, O'Toole O, Healy P. In the preparation and administration of intravenous medicines, what are the best practice standards that healthcare professionals need to follow to ensure patient safety? Protocol for a systematic review. HRB Open Res 2020; 3:19. [PMID: 34124573 PMCID: PMC8167500 DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13028.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Intravenous therapy and medicines (IVTM) are the most common invasive interventions in use in healthcare. Prescribed IVTM play an essential role in the treatment of illness, management of chronic conditions and in maintaining health and wellbeing. The intravenous (IV) route is the administration of concentrated medications (diluted or undiluted) directly into peripherally or centrally inserted vascular access devices. Medication safety is a key priority and best practice standards are required to guide the safe preparation and administration of IVTM. Methods: We will conduct a systematic review of the literature pertaining to the preparation and administration of intravenous therapy and medicines. Our search will include studies concerned with the preparation and/or administration of IVTM via peripheral or central vascular access devices. We will be guided by the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) in this review. Literature will include all trial designs, national/international guidelines, and expert consensus opinion made available in English from 2009 to present day. Conclusions: We will synthesise the evidence concerning safe and effective preparation and administration of intravenous therapy and medicines to inform the development of a national guideline for healthcare professionals in Ireland. The availability of up-to-date, contemporaneous evidence-based practice standards will ensure quality and safety for service-users. Registration: This study has been submitted to PROSPERO and we are awaiting confirmation of registration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Carr
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Laura O'Connor
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Georgina Gethin
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - John D. Ivory
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Orla O'Toole
- Clinical Trials Unit, HRB Clinical Research Facility, University Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Patricia Healy
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Mechanism of pulsatile flushing technique for saline injection via a peripheral intravenous catheter. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2020; 80:105103. [PMID: 32698096 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2020.105103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The underlying mechanism of pulsatile flushing technique has not been fully elucidated, and the partial understanding of the mechanism has been confined to hydrodynamic simulation, ignoring the dynamic interaction among the catheter, blood vessel, blood stream, and saline. METHODS The peripheral intravenous catheter and vein models and their internal flow fields were assessed using a commercial software. The parameters of both fluid and structural mechanics were calculated and compared in the push and pause phase. The effect of different flushing volumes per bolus before each pause (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mL) were compared, respectively corresponding to group (A, B, C and D). FINDINGS In groups C and D, the wall shear stress value (≥2 Pa) and enhanced shear rates (peaks up to 10,000 s-1) were higher in the vessel wall near the catheter tip, which may be at risk of vascular endothelial injury. Furthermore, extraluminal flushing might be attributed to the recirculation of jet from the catheter outlet. The vortices of all groups faded away in an extremely short period (≤0.1 s) if the push was suddenly discontinued. Finally, overlarge displacement of the catheter tip in groups C and D (0.91 and 1.1 mm, respectively) caused the peripheral intravenous catheters to angle with the venous wall. INTERPRETATION The pulsatile flushing technique can facilitate intra- and extraluminal flushing of peripheral intravenous catheters. Furthermore, an insufficient volume per bolus can lead to inefficient flushing, and an overdose of single push may cause mechanical endothelial injury.
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Masamoto T, Yano R. Characteristics of expert nurses' assessment of insertion sites for peripheral venous catheters in elderly adults with hard-to-find veins. Jpn J Nurs Sci 2020; 18:e12379. [PMID: 33025696 DOI: 10.1111/jjns.12379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To clarify the characteristics of expert nurses' assessments when selecting an insertion site for a peripheral venous catheter (PVC). METHODS Participants were 11 competent (control group) and 13 expert nurses. Using a simulated patient, we recorded the procedures participants followed when selecting a site for a PVC insertion. The researchers interviewed the nurses after the procedure by asking targeted questions about the site selection to clarify the factors influencing that selection. During the interview, a video of that nurse's procedure was observed, and each step performed during the procedure was investigated. RESULTS We identified three assessment characteristics specific to expert nurses that influenced their PVC site selection: (a) focusing on a patient's unique characteristics and choosing the appropriate procedure for that individual; (b) avoiding complications and paying attention to the patient's daily self-care needs; and (c) carefully considering the patient's fear and fatigue during site selection and catheter insertion. Other assessments, based on the general knowledge and skill acquired by nurses in selecting a PVC site, were common to both groups: arm selection based on the patient's preference and site selection to avoid nerve injuries or complications. The control group's approach was assessed on the basis of their confidence in selecting a site for a PVC insertion. CONCLUSIONS Expert nurses assessed the patient's individual characteristics and daily self-care needs and helped mitigate the patient's anxiety. Our findings provide a basis for educational programs that share how expert nurses assess sites for a PVC insertion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rika Yano
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Blanco-Mavillard I, Parra-García G, Fernández-Fernández I, Rodríguez-Calero MÁ, Personat-Labrador C, Castro-Sánchez E. Care of peripheral intravenous catheters in three hospitals in Spain: Mapping clinical outcomes and implementation of clinical practice guidelines. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240086. [PMID: 33007001 PMCID: PMC7531784 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) are the most widely used invasive devices worldwide. Up to 42% of PIVCs are prematurely removed during intravenous therapy due to failure. To date, there have been few systematic attempts in European hospitals to measure adherence to recommendations to mitigate PIVC failures. Aim To analyse the clinical outcomes from clinical practice guideline recommendations for PIVC care on different hospital types and environments. Methods We conducted an observational study in three hospitals in Spain from December 2017 to April 2018. The adherence to recommendations was monitored via visual inspection in situ evaluations of all PIVCs inserted in adults admitted. Context and clinical characteristics were collected by an evaluation tool, analysing data descriptively. Results 646 PIVCs inserted in 624 patients were monitored, which only 52.7% knew about their PIVC. Regarding PIVC insertion, 3.4% (22/646) patients had at least 2 PIVCs simultaneously. The majority of PIVCs were 20G (319/646; 49.4%) and were secured with transparent polyurethane dressing (605/646; 93.7%). Most PIVCs (357/646; 55.3%) had a free insertion site during the visual inspection at first sight. We identified 342/646 (53%) transparent dressings in optimal conditions (clean, dry, and intact dressing). PIVC dressings in medical wards were much more likely to be in intact conditions than those in surgical wards (234/399, 58.7% vs. 108/247, 43.7%). We identified 55/646 (8.5%) PIVCs without infusion in the last 24 hours and 58/646 (9.0%) PIVCs without infusion for more than 24 hours. Regarding PIVC failure, 74 (11.5%) adverse events were identified, all of them reflecting clinical manifestation of phlebitis. Conclusions Our findings indicate that the clinical outcome indicators from CPG for PIVC care were moderate, highlighting differences between hospital environments and types. Also, we observed that nearly 50% of patients did not know what a PIVC is.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Blanco-Mavillard
- Hospital Manacor, Manacor, Spain
- Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma, Spain
- Care, Chronicity and Evidence in Health Research Group (CurES), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | | | | | - Miguel Ángel Rodríguez-Calero
- Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma, Spain
- Care, Chronicity and Evidence in Health Research Group (CurES), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
- Servei de Salut de les Illes Balears, Palma, Spain
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Dislodgement Forces and Cost Effectiveness of Dressings and Securement for Peripheral Intravenous Catheters: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9103192. [PMID: 33019691 PMCID: PMC7601033 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVC) are the most frequently used invasive devices in medicine. PIVC failure before treatment completion is a significant concern and occurs in 33–69% of patients. Partial dislodgement and accidental removal are some of the reasons for PIVC failure. The most effective dressing and securement method for preventing accidental removal remains unclear. It was the aim of this study to compare the force required to dislodge a PIVC with four commonly used dressing and securement methods. Additionally, costs were calculated. Methods: Truncated 18-gauge i.v. cannulas were attached onto the forearm of 209 volunteers using four different dressings and securements (sterile absorbent wound dressing covered by two different types of elastic polyester fleece, bordered and non-bordered polyurethane). The force during continuously stronger pulling until dislodgement was recorded. Results: The highest resistance against dislodgement forces could be observed with a sterile absorbent wound dressing covered by two incised elastic polyester fleece dressings. Commercially-manufactured bordered and non-bordered polyurethan film dressings were 20% to 75% more expensive than sterile absorbent wound dressings covered by elastic polyester fleece dressing. Conclusions: Elastic polyester fleece secured a PIVC against accidental removal by external force best, compared to commercially-manufactured bordered and non-bordered polyurethane film dressing.
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Etafa W, Wakuma B, Tsegaye R, Takele T. Nursing students' knowledge on the management of peripheral venous catheters at Wollega University. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238881. [PMID: 32941490 PMCID: PMC7498047 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adherence to the best standards of nursing practice is the fundamental principle to improve patient outcome and prevent nursing procedure related-infections. A peripheral venous catheter (PVC) is the most common invasive procedure performed in nursing care. Its poor performance could expose patients to bloodstream-related infections. The present study aimed to assess post-basic nursing students' knowledge of evidence-based guidelines on the management of peripheral venous catheters. METHODS A cross-sectional study design was conducted on May 01-03, 2019, using a convenient sample 239 among post-basic nursing students in Wollega University. RESULTS The study result showed that nursing students' had a low mean (4.1±1.52) of knowledge about PVC procedure management. Only 41% of the respondents have adhered to recommendations of CDC guidelines. Among the provided options of the items, none achieved 100% correct answers. The majority of nursing students (77%) responded that antiseptic handwashing is always performed before insertion of PVCs. Meanwhile, few students (5%) correctly answered that the infusion set is recommended to be removed after 96 hours when neither lipids nor blood products are administered. In multivariable regression analysis, nursing students who had received training (AOR = 2.9, 95% CI (1.6, 5.1)) and who were younger (AOR = 2.4, 95% CI (1.3, 4.3)) significantly associated with a higher score of knowledge. CONCLUSIONS This study finding shows that an overall level of knowledge of post-basic nursing students is inadequate. Measurements such as an increase in the provision of adequate training by nurses educators based on evidence-based guidelines could improve the post-basic nursing students' knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werku Etafa
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
| | - Bizuneh Wakuma
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
| | - Reta Tsegaye
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
| | - Tagay Takele
- College of Natural and Computational Science, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
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Ryan D, Miller J, Campbell J. Cannula complications using elastomeric infusers in Hospital in the Home. JAC Antimicrob Resist 2020; 2:dlaa033. [PMID: 34223000 PMCID: PMC8210130 DOI: 10.1093/jacamr/dlaa033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Comparison of the short peripheral cannula (SPC) complication rate of patients with cellulitis receiving IV cefazolin via an elastomeric infuser with those receiving twice-daily bolus treatment (control group) in the Hospital in the Home service. Methods A randomized controlled study using elastomeric infuser versus bolus delivery of IV cefazolin via an SPC of patients referred to the Hospital in the Home service in the Northern Illawarra for treatment of cellulitis. A total of 104 patients were enrolled during the time period of May 2018 to January 2019. Primary outcome measures were SPC complications including phlebitis with a secondary outcome of patient satisfaction. Results A total of 104 patients enrolled. After randomization there were 60 in the infuser group and 44 in the bolus group. Patient characteristics of age, gender, weight and mobility were similar for the two groups. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups for the endpoint of cannula complication rates. Patient satisfaction scores showed patient acceptance of both forms of treatment. Conclusions This study suggests that using elastomeric infusers to deliver cefazolin via a short peripheral IV catheter has similar complication rates to traditional bolus delivery. Patients surveyed showed high levels of satisfaction with both forms of antibiotic delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Ryan
- Hospital in the Home, Wollongong Hospital, Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Hospital District, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Jennifer Miller
- Ambulatory Care Centre, Wollongong Hospital, Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Hospital District, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Joanne Campbell
- Ambulatory Care Centre, Wollongong Hospital, Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Hospital District, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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Vandenhouten CL, Owens AK, Hunter MR, Raynak A. Peripheral Intravenous Education in North American Nursing Schools: A Call to Action. J Nurs Educ 2020; 59:493-500. [DOI: 10.3928/01484834-20200817-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Nickel B. Peripheral Intravenous Administration of High-Risk Infusions in Critical Care: A Risk-Benefit Analysis. Crit Care Nurse 2020; 39:16-28. [PMID: 31961938 DOI: 10.4037/ccn2019443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
In critical care, the short peripheral intravenous catheter is an essential venous access route, often used in emergency situations to administer high-risk medications and fluid resuscitation. This route of administration is generally viewed as routine and benign. However, a growing body of evidence indicates that the risks inherent to this route are much higher than reported and represent a significant area of patient harm. Few standardized definitions and surveillance methods exist for peripheral intravenous catheter-related complications such as phlebitis, bloodstream infection, and extravasation. Recommendations for peripheral intravenous catheter replacement are based on clinical indications rather than routine replacement, so standards of practice for catheter insertion and management must be consistently applied. This article reviews recent studies that challenge the need for central catheter placement for vasopressor therapy, current knowledge of peripheral intravenous catheter-related adverse events, and evidence-based standards of care for short peripheral intravenous catheter insertion and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barb Nickel
- Barb Nickel is the critical care clinical nurse specialist for CHI Health St. Francis, Grand Island, Nebraska. She is a member of the Infusion Nurses Society Standards of Practice Committee
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Dressings and Securement Devices of Peripheral Arterial Catheters in Intensive Care Units and Operating Theaters: A Systematic Review. Dimens Crit Care Nurs 2020; 39:242-250. [PMID: 32740194 DOI: 10.1097/dcc.0000000000000433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemodynamic monitoring, implemented by the placement of peripheral arterial catheters (PACs), is a characterizing aspect of the intensive care units. Peripheral arterial catheters can continually detect blood pressure and quickly conduct blood sampling. The use of PACs is generally considered safe, without serious complications. Currently, only 25% of the implanted catheters are actually subject to complications, including accidental removal, dislocation, occlusion, and infection. All of these complications arise from inadequate catheter stabilization at the level of the skin. This study aimed to summarize and describe the effectiveness and characteristics of dressings and securement devices for catheter stabilization. METHODS A systematic review of literature from the following databases was conducted: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane, EMBASE, and OvidSP. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement to guide article selection and reporting. RESULTS Herein 626 articles were referred, with 5 directly related to the topic under discussion. We found 3 studies that describe PAC failure and 4 about dislodgement. We described 6 types of dressings or securement devices and classified them into 3 categories for classifying PAC dressings or securement devices. These were detected and grouped as adhesive tissues, sutureless devices, and transparent polyurethane dressings. CONCLUSIONS Current research indicates that transparent polyurethane dressings offer the most effective catheter stabilization, but adhesive tissues may constitute a valid alternative. However, there are limited high-quality studies about effective dressings and securement devices for PACs.
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Haddad F, Eldine RN, Sawaf B, Jaafar RF, Hoballah JJ. Management of Vascular Infections in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2020; 21:559-570. [PMID: 32678994 DOI: 10.1089/sur.2020.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Vascular infections are rare and challenging conditions with significant deaths and morbidity. Their management necessitates a multi-disciplinary approach and substantial human and financial resources. The management selected may be influenced by the available resources in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where such resources may be variable. Methods: We reviewed the published literature and reviewed the management options for various vascular infections with a focus on carotid, aortic, infrainguinal, and dialysis access infections. Results: Recommendations related to prevention and treatment will be offered from the perspective of LMICs. The general principles for prevention are in compliance with established surgical site infection guidelines and minimize the use of prosthetic material. Early detection and intervention by removing all infected prosthetic material, debridement, drainage, and coverage of the infected field with vascularized tissue are essential steps in the management of the infection. Revascularization using an extra-anatomic or in situ approach is individualized based on the resources and expertise available. Conclusions: The prevention and management of vascular infections in LMICs are effective by adhering to time-proven principles even with limited resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fady Haddad
- Vascular Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rakan Nasser Eldine
- Vascular Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Bisher Sawaf
- Vascular Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rola F Jaafar
- Vascular Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jamal J Hoballah
- Vascular Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
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Mason MF, Wallis M, Lord B, Barr N. Prehospital use of peripheral intravenous catheters and intraosseous devices: An integrative literature review of current practices and issues. Australas Emerg Care 2020; 23:196-202. [PMID: 32636164 DOI: 10.1016/j.auec.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peripheral intravenous catheters and intraosseous devices have been widely used in the prehospital setting for a considerable period. Changes in technology and guidelines have led to an increase in situations where use of these devices in a prehospital setting is recommended. Despite being commonplace they are not without risk of harm to the patient. STUDY OBJECTIVE To examine critically the research-based literature related to incidence of insertion of peripheral intravenous catheters and intraosseous devices, the use of these vascular access devices and to determine which health professionals insert them, most commonly, in the prehospital setting. METHODS An integrative review was undertaken using material retrieved following a systematic search of research literature databases, grey literature and secondary sources written in English. No date limit was applied to the search and the searching was undertaken until September 2019. Articles specifically addressing peripheral intravenous catheter and intraosseous device use in the prehospital setting were selected. RESULTS The search resulted in 20 articles being included in the review, 17 related to peripheral intravenous catheters and three for intraosseous devices. All articles related to observational studies across a variety of services and settings. CONCLUSION The role of vascular access in the prehospital setting continues to be significant, particularly for patients who are critically unwell. This review identified that differences in service structure, geography and the patient's condition all impact on the insertion and use of these vascular access devices. Despite this there are limited data reported that can allow prehospital clinicians and services to benchmark their practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew F Mason
- School of Nursing Midwifery and Paramedicine, University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia.
| | - Marianne Wallis
- School of Nursing Midwifery and Paramedicine, University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia.
| | - Bill Lord
- Department of Community Emergency Health and Paramedic Practice, Monash University, Australia.
| | - Nigel Barr
- School of Nursing Midwifery and Paramedicine, University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia.
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Vendramim P, Avelar A, Rickard C, Pedreira M. The RESPECT trial–Replacement of peripheral intravenous catheters according to clinical reasons or every 96 hours: A randomized, controlled, non-inferiority trial. Int J Nurs Stud 2020; 107:103504. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.103504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Peripheral Venipuncture Education Strategies for Nursing Students: An Integrative Literature Review. JOURNAL OF INFUSION NURSING 2020; 43:24-32. [PMID: 31876771 DOI: 10.1097/nan.0000000000000351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This integrative literature review identified strategies to teach peripheral venipuncture to nursing students. The following databases were searched for primary studies: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), PubMed, Web of Science, Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), SCOPUS, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). The final sample was composed of 24 studies. The literature ranged from descriptive studies to controlled clinical trials and methodologic studies to construct products/instruments for teaching peripheral venipuncture. The most frequently identified teaching strategies were theoretical contents taught via theoretical lecture, e-learning courses, video lessons, and demonstration by specialists combined with practical exercises using a mannequin, human arms, and/or haptic devices. Despite the different methods used currently, the best patient outcomes were achieved when the student received the theoretical content in an educational setting before the practical training on a mannequin and/or a virtual simulator.
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Bush K, Odunayo A, Hedges K, Guieu LV, Smith R, Okafor C. Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Complications in Hospitalized Cats: An Observational Pilot Study. Top Companion Anim Med 2020; 41:100456. [PMID: 32823155 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2020.100456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is little information about complications associated with peripheral catheter use in cats. The primary objective of this study was to determine the main reason for catheter removal in cats hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit at a university teaching hospital. The secondary objective was to describe catheter-associated complications in cats hospitalized. METHODS All feline patients with peripheral intravenous catheters admitted to the Intensive Care Unit between June and August 2017 were prospectively enrolled in this study. All catheters were evaluated at least 3 times a day per institutional Intensive Care Unit protocol. The catheters were monitored throughout the cat's hospitalization period for development of complications, including occlusion, phlebitis and extravasation. Data collected included patient signalment, reason for hospitalization, catheter size and location, number of hours the catheter remained in place, reason for removal and if the catheter was replaced once removed. RESULTS Thirty-four cats were enrolled in the study, and a total of 42 catheters were placed in those cats. Median peripheral IV catheter duration was 23.8 hours (interquartile range [IQR] 13.8-41.3 hours). The most frequent reason for catheter removal was patient discharge from the hospital (24/42, 57.1%). Overall catheter complication rate was 21.4% (9/42). Complications observed included phlebitis, extravasation, patient removal, occlusion, and edema formation. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The results of this study conclude that the majority of peripheral IV catheters in cats are removed due to discharge from hospitalization. More studies with a larger population of cats are needed to see if there is a relationship between length of indwelling catheterization and risk of catheter-associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaleigh Bush
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Adesola Odunayo
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
| | - Katherine Hedges
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Liz-Valérie Guieu
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Rebecca Smith
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Chika Okafor
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
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Goulart CB, Custódio CS, Vasques CI, Ferreira EB, Diniz dos Reis PE. Effectiveness of topical interventions to prevent or treat intravenous therapy‐related phlebitis: A systematic review. J Clin Nurs 2020; 29:2138-2149. [DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina B. Goulart
- Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory Applied to Clinical Practice in Oncology School of Health Sciences University of Brasília Brasília Brazil
| | - Carolina S. Custódio
- Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory Applied to Clinical Practice in Oncology School of Health Sciences University of Brasília Brasília Brazil
| | - Christiane I. Vasques
- Nursing Department Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory Applied to Clinical Practice in Oncology School of Health Sciences University of Brasília Brasília Brazil
| | - Elaine B. Ferreira
- Nursing Department Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory Applied to Clinical Practice in Oncology School of Health Sciences University of Brasília Brasília Brazil
| | - Paula E. Diniz dos Reis
- Nursing Department Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory Applied to Clinical Practice in Oncology School of Health Sciences University of Brasília Brasília Brazil
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Carr PJ, O'Connor L, Gethin G, Ivory JD, O'Hara P, O'Toole O, Healy P. Study protocol: In the preparation and administration of intravenous medicines, what are the best practice standards that healthcare professionals need to follow to ensure patient safety? HRB Open Res 2020; 3:19. [PMID: 34124573 PMCID: PMC8167500 DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13028.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Intravenous therapy and medicines (IVTM) are the most common invasive interventions in use in healthcare. Prescribed IVTM play an essential role in the treatment of illness, management of chronic conditions and in maintaining health and wellbeing. The intravenous (IV) route is the administration of concentrated medications (diluted or undiluted) directly into peripherally or centrally inserted vascular access devices. Medication safety is a key priority and best practice standards are required to guide the safe preparation and administration of IVTM. Methods: We will conduct a systematic review of the literature pertaining to the preparation and administration of intravenous therapy and medicines. Our search will include studies concerned with the preparation and/or administration of IVTM via peripheral or central vascular access devices. We will be guided by the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) in this review. Literature will include all trial designs, national/international guidelines, and expert consensus opinion made available in English from 2009 to present day. Conclusions: We will synthesise the evidence concerning safe and effective preparation and administration of intravenous therapy and medicines to inform the development of a national guideline for healthcare professionals in Ireland. The availability of up-to-date, contemporaneous evidence-based practice standards will ensure quality and safety for service-users. Registration: This study has been submitted to PROSPERO and we are awaiting confirmation of registration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Carr
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Laura O'Connor
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Georgina Gethin
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - John D. Ivory
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Orla O'Toole
- Clinical Trials Unit, HRB Clinical Research Facility, University Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Patricia Healy
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Barton A. Medical adhesive-related skin injuries associated with vascular access: minimising risk with Appeel Sterile. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 29:S20-S27. [DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2020.29.8.s20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Vascular access device insertion is a common procedure in healthcare, and complications associated with vascular access can be serious and cause considerable patient harm. The use of care bundles to reduce the risks of these complications is well documented. However, the removal of devices, especially those associated with medical adhesive, can cause significant skin injuries, which often could be avoided if this aspect is included in the care bundle and the risk factors are better understood in healthcare. Appeel Sterile is an effective sterile silicone-based medical adhesive remover that is available in a variety of formats. It is the only sterile medical adhesive remover available, which makes it the safest choice for use with vascular access devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Barton
- Advanced Nurse Practitioner IV Therapy and Vascular Access, IVAS Lead Nurse, Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust; Chair, National Infusion and Vascular Access Society (NIVAS)
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50
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Implementing Clinical Practice Guidelines for Replacing Peripheral Intravenous Catheters. J Nurs Care Qual 2020; 35:108-114. [DOI: 10.1097/ncq.0000000000000429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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