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Brenner N, Mentzer AJ, Butt J, Michel A, Prager K, Brozy J, Weißbrich B, Aiello AE, Meier HCS, Breuer J, Almond R, Allen N, Pawlita M, Waterboer T. Validation of Multiplex Serology detecting human herpesviruses 1-5. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209379. [PMID: 30589867 PMCID: PMC6307738 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human herpesviruses (HHV) cause a variety of clinically relevant conditions upon primary infection of typically young and immunocompetent hosts. Both primary infection and reactivation after latency can lead to more severe disease, such as encephalitis, congenital defects and cancer. Infections with HHV are also associated with cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disease. However, most of the associations are based on retrospective case-control analyses and well-powered prospective cohort studies are needed for assessing temporality and causality. To enable comprehensive investigations of HHV-related disease etiology in large prospective population-based cohort studies, we developed HHV Multiplex Serology. This methodology represents a low-cost, high-throughput technology that allows simultaneous measurement of specific antibodies against five HHV species: Herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2, Varicella zoster virus, Epstein-Barr virus, and Cytomegalovirus. The newly developed HHV species-specific ('Monoplex') assays were validated against established gold-standard reference assays. The specificity and sensitivity of the HHV species-specific Monoplex Serology assays ranged from 92.3% to 100.0% (median 97.4%) and 91.8% to 98.7% (median 96.6%), respectively. Concordance with reference assays was very high with kappa values ranging from 0.86 to 0.96 (median kappa 0.93). Multiplexing the Monoplex Serology assays resulted in no loss of performance and allows simultaneous detection of antibodies against the 5 HHV species in a high-throughput manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Brenner
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander J. Mentzer
- The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Julia Butt
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angelika Michel
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kristina Prager
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Brozy
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Benedikt Weißbrich
- Institute of Virology and Immunobiology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Allison E. Aiello
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health and Carolina Population Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Helen C. S. Meier
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
| | - Judy Breuer
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Naomi Allen
- UK Biobank, Stockport, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Pawlita
- Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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Socías ME, Duff P, Shoveller J, Montaner JSG, Nguyen P, Ogilvie G, Shannon K. Use of injectable hormonal contraception and HSV-2 acquisition in a cohort of female sex workers in Vancouver, Canada. Sex Transm Infect 2016; 93:284-289. [PMID: 27821613 DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2016-052838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Increased risk of herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) has been proposed as a possible indirect pathway through which hormonal contraceptives (specifically depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA)) may increase the risk of HIV acquisition among women. We investigated the effects of DMPA on HSV-2 acquisition among female sex workers. METHODS Longitudinal data were drawn from a prospective cohort of sex workers in Vancouver, Canada. The primary outcome was HSV-2 seroconversion. Extended Cox regression analyses were used to model the independent effect of DMPA use on HSV-2 acquisition. RESULTS Between January 2010 and February 2014, 149 HSV-2 seronegative women were enrolled, contributing to 228 person-years (py) of follow-up. Of these, 19 (13.3%) reported DMPA use. There were 39 HSV-2 seroconversions (12 among DMPA users and 27 among non-users) over the study period (median follow-up of 18.6 months (IQR 8.4-29.9)), resulting in an overall incidence rate of 17.1 cases per 100 py (95% CI 12.4 to 23.6). Incidence rates were higher among DMPA users (57.4 cases per 100 py, 95% CI 31.4 to 105.0) compared with non-users (13.1 cases per 100 py, 95% CI 8.9 to 19.1). After adjusting for key confounders, use of DMPA remained an independent predictor of HSV-2 acquisition (adjusted HR 4.43, 95% CI 1.90 to 10.35). CONCLUSIONS The high observed incidence rates of HSV-2, together with a strong association between DMPA exposure and HSV-2 acquisition, raise serious concerns about the provision of optimal reproductive and sexual healthcare to sex workers in this setting. Given the known links between HSV-2 and HIV, our findings underscore the need for further research to better understand the potential association between DMPA and increased risk of HSV-2 and other STIs to help inform the development of safer reproductive choices for women worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Eugenia Socías
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Division of AIDS, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Putu Duff
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jean Shoveller
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Julio S G Montaner
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Division of AIDS, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Paul Nguyen
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gina Ogilvie
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kate Shannon
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Division of AIDS, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Sauerbrei A. Herpes Genitalis: Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2016; 76:1310-1317. [PMID: 28017972 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-116494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Herpes genitalis is caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2 and can manifest as primary or recurrent infection. It is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections and due to associated physical and psychological morbidity it constitutes a considerable, often underestimated medical problem. In addition to providing the reader with basic knowledge of the pathogen and clinical presentation of herpes genitalis, this review article discusses important aspects of the laboratory diagnostics, antiviral therapy and prophylaxis. The article is aimed at all health-care workers managing patients with herpes genitalis and attempts to improve the often suboptimal counselling, targeted use of laboratory diagnostics, treatment and preventive measures provided to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sauerbrei
- Institut für Virologie und Antivirale Therapie, Konsiliarlabor für HSV und VZV, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
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Abstract
As one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases, genital herpes is a global medical problem with significant physical and psychological morbidity. Genital herpes is caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2 and can manifest as primary and/or recurrent infection. This manuscript provides an overview about the fundamental knowledge on the virus, its epidemiology, and infection. Furthermore, the current possibilities of antiviral therapeutic interventions and laboratory diagnosis of genital herpes as well as the present situation and perspectives for the treatment by novel antivirals and prevention of disease by vaccination are presented. Since the medical management of patients with genital herpes simplex virus infection is often unsatisfactory, this review aims at all physicians and health professionals who are involved in the care of patients with genital herpes. The information provided would help to improve the counseling of affected patients and to optimize the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of this particular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Sauerbrei
- Institute of Virology and Antiviral Therapy, German Consulting Laboratory for Herpes Simplex Virus and Varicella-Zoster Virus, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany
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Gaydos C, Hardick J. Point of care diagnostics for sexually transmitted infections: perspectives and advances. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2014; 12:657-72. [PMID: 24484215 PMCID: PMC4065592 DOI: 10.1586/14787210.2014.880651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Accurate and inexpensive point-of-care (POC) tests are urgently needed to control sexually transmitted infection epidemics, so that patients can receive immediate diagnoses and treatment. Current POC assays for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae perform inadequately and require better assays. Diagnostics for Trichomonas vaginalis rely on wet preparation, with some notable advances. Serological POC assays for syphilis can impact resource-poor settings, with many assays available, but only one available in the U.S. HIV POC diagnostics demonstrate the best performance, with excellent assays available. There is a rapid assay for HSV lesion detection; but no POC serological assays are available. Despite the inadequacy of POC assays for treatable bacterial infections, application of technological advances offers the promise of advancing POC diagnostics for all sexually transmitted infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Gaydos
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Justin Hardick
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Al-Shobaili H, Hassanein KM, Mostafa MS, Al Duways AS. Evaluation of the HerpeSelect Express rapid test in the detection of herpes simplex virus type 2 antibodies in patients with genital ulcer disease. J Clin Lab Anal 2014; 29:43-6. [PMID: 24687953 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.21725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A rapid point-of-care test with high sensitivity and specificity is required in order to fulfill the need for early detection and screening of Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection among patients with genital ulcer disease (GUD), for better management and control of virus transmission. METHODS The goal of this study is to evaluate the performance of the commercially available HerpeSelect Express rapid test in comparison with three ELISA assays: HerpeSelect ELISA, Kalon HSV-2 glycoprotein G2 assay, and monoclonal antibody blocking enzyme immunoassay, which was used as the gold standard for the detection of HSV-2 antibodies. RESULTS This study showed high sensitivity (ranging from 82.6 to 100%) and specificity (100%) of the HerpeSelect Express rapid test when compared to the three ELISA assays. The agreement between the HerpeSelect Express rapid test with the three ELISAs ranged from 93.3 to 100%. CONCLUSION The HerpeSelect Express rapid test has adequate sensitivity and specificity for confirming HSV-2 infection in patients with GUD, indicating its suitability for epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Al-Shobaili
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Liermann K, Schäfler A, Henke A, Sauerbrei A. Evaluation of commercial herpes simplex virus IgG and IgM enzyme immunoassays. J Virol Methods 2014; 199:29-34. [PMID: 24418499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Serological methods are used widely for the determination of herpes simplex virus (HSV) IgG and IgM antibodies in virological laboratories. The present study evaluates the automated performance of the Virion\Serion (Würzburg, Germany) and Orgentec (Mainz, Germany) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) for the determination of HSV type-common and type-specific IgG and IgM antibodies. Two hundred sixty-three sera from HSV-negative children, healthy blood donors as well as patients without and with acute HSV infections were included. The Serion ELISAs classic HSV 1+2, HSV 1 and HSV 2 IgG showed sensitivities between 89.1% and 98.0% and specificities from 82.8% to 100%. Sensitivities of the Orgentec ELISAs Anti-HSV-1 and Anti-HSV-2 IgG were calculated as 91.0-96.0% and 88.5-95.4% accompanied by specificities between 93.1% and 100%. The HSV type-common Serion IgM ELISA revealed also a high sensitivity and specificity. However, the single-type HSV-1 and HSV-2 IgM ELISAs from both companies did not detect reliably HSV-1- and HSV-2-specific IgM antibodies. In conclusion, the automated performance of Serion ELISAs classic HSV 1+2, HSV 1 and HSV 2 IgG as well Orgentec ELISAs Anti-HSV-1 and Anti-HSV-2 IgG provide highly dependable results for identifying HSV-1 and HSV-2 IgG-positive or -negative individuals. While HSV type-common IgM ELISAs can be useful to confirm acute newly acquired HSV infections, the use of single-type IgM ELISAs on the basis of whole-virus antigen is dispensable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Liermann
- Institute of Virology and Antiviral Therapy, German Reference Laboratory for HSV and VZV, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Anna Schäfler
- Institute of Virology and Antiviral Therapy, German Reference Laboratory for HSV and VZV, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Henke
- Institute of Virology and Antiviral Therapy, German Reference Laboratory for HSV and VZV, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Sauerbrei
- Institute of Virology and Antiviral Therapy, German Reference Laboratory for HSV and VZV, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
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Mohammed Fayaz A, Ao Z, Girilal M, Chen L, Xiao X, Kalaichelvan P, Yao X. Inactivation of microbial infectiousness by silver nanoparticles-coated condom: a new approach to inhibit HIV- and HSV-transmitted infection. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:5007-18. [PMID: 23049252 PMCID: PMC3459690 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s34973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research suggests that today’s condoms are only 85% effective in preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted diseases. In response, there has been a push to develop more effective ways of decreasing the spread of the disease. The new nanotechnology-based condom holds the promise of being more potent than the first-generation products. The preliminary goal of this study was to develop a silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs)-coated polyurethane condom (PUC) and to investigate its antimicrobial potential including the inactivation of HIV and herpes simplex virus (HSV) infectiousness. The Ag-NPs-coated PUC was characterized by using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive analysis of X-ray spectroscopy. Nanoparticles were stable on the PUC and not washed away by water. Morphology of the PUC was retained after coating. The NP binding is due to its interaction with the nitrogen atom of the PUC. No significant toxic effects was observed when human HeLa cells, 293T and C8166 T cells were contacted to Ag-NPs-coated PUC for three hours. Interestingly, our results demonstrated that the contact of the Ag-NPs-coated PUC with HIV-1 and HSV-1/2 was able to efficiently inactivate their infectiousness. In an attempt to elucidate the antiviral action of the Ag-NPs, we have demonstrated that the anti-HIV activity was primarily mediated by the Ag-NPs, which are associated with the PUC. In addition, the data showed that both macrophage (M)-tropic and T lymphocyte (T)-tropic strains of HIV-1 were highly sensitive to the Ag-NPs-coated PUC. Furthermore, we also showed that the Ag-NPs-coated PUC was able to inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi. These results demonstrated that the Ag-NPs-coated PUC is able to directly inactivate the microbe’s infectious ability and provides another defense line against these sexually transmitted microbial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mohammed Fayaz
- Laboratory of Molecular Human Retrovirology, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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