1
|
Zheng Z, Li H, Zhang Z, Zhai X, Qin H. Study on the underlying molecular mechanism of benzene-induced nervous system damage in mice based on tandem mass tag (TMT) proteomics. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfae036. [PMID: 38496383 PMCID: PMC10940121 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfae036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Benzene is known to be a common toxic industrial chemical, and prolonged benzene exposure may cause nervous system damage. At present, there were few studies on benzene-induced neurological damage. This research aimed to identify the protein biomarkers to explore the mechanism of nervous system damage caused by benzene. We established a benzene poisoning model of C57 mice by gavage of benzene-peanut oil suspension and identified differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in brain tissue using tandem mass tag (TMT) proteomics. The results showed a significant weight loss and decrease in leukocyte and neutrophil counts in benzene poisoning mice compared to the control group. We also observed local cerebral oedema and small vessel occlusion in the cerebral white matter of benzene poisoning mice. TMT proteomic results showed that a total 6,985 proteins were quantified, with a fold change (FC) > 1.2 (or < 1/1.2) and P value <0.05 were considered as DEPs. Compared with the control group, we identified 43 DEPs, comprising 14 upregulated and 29 downregulated proteins. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis results showed that the candidate proteins were mainly involved in cholesterol metabolism, complement and coagulation cascades, african trypanosomiasis, PPAR signaling pathway, and vitamin digestion and absorption. Three proteins, 2-hydroxyacylsphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase (UGT8), Apolipoprotein A-I (APOA1) and Complement C3 (C3) were validated using immunoblotting and immunohistochemical. In conclusion, our study preliminarily investigated the mechanism of benzene toxicity to the nervous system by analyzing DEPs changes in the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zheng
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263, Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263, Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China
| | - Zhenqian Zhang
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263, Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China
| | - Xiandun Zhai
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263, Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China
| | - Haojie Qin
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263, Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Karhuvaara O, Vilén L, Nuutila J, Putus T, Atosuo J. Indoor microbial exposure increases complement component C3a and C-reactive protein concentrations in serum. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24104. [PMID: 38293363 PMCID: PMC10827445 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Indoor exposure to microbial growth, caused by moisture damage, has been an established health risk for several decades. It is likely that a damp indoor environment contains biological pollutants that trigger both the innate and adaptive branches of the immune system. In this study, we investigated the association between moisture damage related microbial exposure and serum C3a, C5a and CRP concentrations in Finnish adults. Serum C3a and CRP concentrations were elevated in individuals exposed to moisture damage and microbial growth in an indoor air environment. The elevated concentrations may be due to environmental factors present in moisture-damaged buildings. Complement activation and the resulting proinflammatory cleavage products may be a driving factor in inflammatory responses following exposure to indoor moisture damage and related microbial growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Outi Karhuvaara
- The Laboratory of Immunochemistry, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Environmental Medicine and Occupational Health, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Liisa Vilén
- Environmental Medicine and Occupational Health, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jari Nuutila
- The Laboratory of Immunochemistry, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tuula Putus
- Environmental Medicine and Occupational Health, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Janne Atosuo
- The Laboratory of Immunochemistry, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Environmental Medicine and Occupational Health, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen J, Yang W, Liu H, Niu J, Liu Y, Cheng Q. Protective effect of Macleaya cordata isoquinoline alkaloids on lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury in broilers. Anim Biosci 2024; 37:131-141. [PMID: 37946426 PMCID: PMC10766460 DOI: 10.5713/ab.23.0267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This experiment aimed to explore the protective action of dietary supplementation with isoquinoline alkaloids (IA) from Macleaya cordata on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver injury in broilers. METHODS Total 216 healthy broilers were selected in a 21-d trial and assigned randomly to the following 3 treatments: control (CON) group, LPS group, and LPS+IA group. The CON and LPS groups were provided with a basal diet, whereas the LPS+IA group received the basal diet supplemented with 0.6 mg/kg Macleaya cordata IA. Broilers in LPS and LPS+IA groups were intraperitoneally injected with LPS (1 mg/kg body weight) at 17, 19, and 21 days of age, while those in CON group were injected with equivalent amount of saline solution. RESULTS Results showed LPS injection caused systemic and liver inflammation in broilers, inhibited immune function, and ultimately lead to liver injury. By contrast, supplementation of IA ameliorated LPS-induced adverse change in serum parameters, boosted immunity in LPS+IA group. Furthermore, IA suppressed the elevation of hepatic inflammatory cytokines and caspases levels induced by LPS, as well as the expressions of genes related to the tolllike receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88)/nuclear factorkappa B (NF-κB) pathway. CONCLUSION Dietary inclusion of 0.6 mg/kg Macleaya cordata IA could enhance immune function of body and inhibit liver damage via inactivating TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway in broilers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Chen
- Department of Animal Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109,
China
| | - Weiren Yang
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018,
China
| | - Hua Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha 410128,
China
| | - Jiaxing Niu
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018,
China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018,
China
| | - Qun Cheng
- Department of Animal Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109,
China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li Y, Tao C, An N, Liu H, Liu Z, Zhang H, Sun Y, Xing Y, Gao Y. Revisiting the role of the complement system in intracerebral hemorrhage and therapeutic prospects. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 123:110744. [PMID: 37552908 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a stroke subtype characterized by non-traumatic rupture of blood vessels in the brain, resulting in blood pooling in the brain parenchyma. Despite its lower incidence than ischemic stroke, ICH remains a significant contributor to stroke-related mortality, and most survivors experience poor outcomes that significantly impact their quality of life. ICH has been accompanied by various complex pathological damage, including mechanical damage of brain tissue, hematoma mass effect, and then leads to inflammatory response, thrombin activation, erythrocyte lysis, excitatory amino acid toxicity, complement activation, and other pathological changes. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that activation of complement cascade occurs in the early stage of brain injury, and the excessive complement activation after ICH will affect the occurrence of secondary brain injury (SBI) through multiple complex pathological processes, aggravating brain edema, and pathological brain injury. Therefore, the review summarized the pathological mechanisms of brain injury after ICH, specifically the complement role in ICH, and its related pathological mechanisms, to comprehensively understand the specific mechanism of different complements at different stages after ICH. Furthermore, we systematically reviewed the current state of complement-targeted therapies for ICH, providing a reference and basis for future clinical transformation of complement-targeted therapy for ICH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China; Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Chenxi Tao
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Na An
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Haoqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zhenhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China; Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hongrui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yikun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yanwei Xing
- Guang'an Men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Yonghong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China; Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhao H, Li M, Zhu Q, Liu A, Bi J, Quan Z, Luo X, Zheng Y, Yang N, Yue X, Cao X. Label-free quantitative proteomic analysis of milk fat globule membrane proteins in porcine colostrum and mature milk. Food Chem 2023; 426:136447. [PMID: 37301041 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) proteins are nutritional components with various biological functions. This study aimed to analyze and compare MFGM proteins in porcine colostrum (PC) and porcine mature milk (PM), via label-free quantitative proteomics. In total, 3917 and 3966 MFGM proteins were identified in PC and PM milk, respectively. A total of 3807 common MFGM proteins were found in both groups, including 303 significant differentially expressed MFGM proteins. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that the differentially expressed MFGM proteins were mainly related to the cellular process, cell, and binding. The dominant pathway of the differentially expressed MFGM proteins was related to the phagosome according to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. These results reveal crucial insights into the functional diversity of MFGM proteins in porcine milk during lactation and provide theoretical guidance for the development of MFGM proteins in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Zhao
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 11086, China
| | - Mohan Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 11086, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 11086, China
| | - Aicheng Liu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 11086, China
| | - Jiayang Bi
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 11086, China
| | - Zhizhong Quan
- Liaoning Complete Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Tieling 112600, China
| | - Xue Luo
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 11086, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 11086, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Liaoning Complete Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Tieling 112600, China
| | - Xiqing Yue
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 11086, China.
| | - Xueyan Cao
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 11086, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu ZY, Zhang DY, Lin XH, Sun JL, Abuduwaili W, Zhang GC, Xu RC, Wang F, Yu XN, Shi X, Deng B, Dong L, Weng SQ, Zhu JM, Shen XZ, Liu TT. Nalidixic acid potentiates the antitumor activity in sorafenib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma via the tumor immune microenvironment analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:952482. [PMID: 36071851 PMCID: PMC9441713 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.952482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib resistance is often developed and impedes the benefits of clinical therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. However, the relationship between sorafenib resistance and tumor immune environment and adjuvant drugs for sorafenib-resistant HCC are not systemically identified. This study first analyzed the expression profiles of sorafenib-resistant HCC cells to explore immune cell infiltration levels and differentially expressed immune-related genes (DEIRGs). The prognostic value of DEIRGs was analyzed using Cox regression and Kaplan–Meier analysis based on The Cancer Genome Atlas. The primary immune cells infiltrated in sorafenib-resistant HCC mice were explored using flow cytometry (FCM). Finally, small-molecule drugs for sorafenib-resistant HCC treatment were screened and validated by experiments. The CIBERSORT algorithm and mice model showed that macrophages and neutrophils are highly infiltrated, while CD8+ T cells are downregulated in sorafenib-resistant HCC. Totally, 34 DEIRGs were obtained from sorafenib-resistant and control groups, which were highly enriched in immune-associated biological processes and pathways. NR6A1, CXCL5, C3, and TGFB1 were further identified as prognostic markers for HCC patients. Finally, nalidixic acid was identified as a promising antagonist for sorafenib-resistant HCC treatment. Collectively, our study reveals the tumor immune microenvironment changes and explores a promising adjuvant drug to overcome sorafenib resistance in HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan-Ying Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia-Hui Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Lei Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Weinire Abuduwaili
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang-Cong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Ru-Chen Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Fu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang-Nan Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ling Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Qiang Weng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Min Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi-Zhong Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xi-Zhong Shen, ; Tao-Tao Liu,
| | - Tao-Tao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xi-Zhong Shen, ; Tao-Tao Liu,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
The Complement System, Aging, and Aging-Related Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158689. [PMID: 35955822 PMCID: PMC9369321 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The complement system is a part of the immune system and consists of multiple complement components with biological functions such as defense against pathogens and immunomodulation. The complement system has three activation pathways: the classical pathway, the lectin pathway, and the alternative pathway. Increasing evidence indicates that the complement system plays a role in aging. Complement plays a role in inflammatory processes, metabolism, apoptosis, mitochondrial function, and Wnt signaling pathways. In addition, the complement system plays a significant role in aging-related diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, age-related macular degeneration, and osteoarthritis. However, the effect of complement on aging and aging-related diseases is still unclear. Thus, a better understanding of the potential relationship between complement, aging, and aging-related diseases will provide molecular targets for treating aging, while focusing on the balance of complement in during treatment. Inhibition of a single component does not result in a good outcome. In this review, we discussed the research progress and effects of complement in aging and aging-related diseases.
Collapse
|
8
|
Saito S, Yamashiro T, Yamauchi M, Yamamoto Y, Noguchi M, Tomita T, Kawakami D, Shikata M, Tanaka T, Ihara M. Complement 3 Is a Potential Biomarker for Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 89:381-387. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-220494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is a cerebrovascular disease directly implicated in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis through amyloid-β deposition. Growing evidence has shown a pivotal role of chronic neuroinflammation both in cerebral amyloid angiopathy and Alzheimer’s disease. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether circulating levels of the complement 3, a crucial component of the innate immune system, are increased in patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Methods: Serum complement 3 levels were retrospectively measured by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a single-center cohort of patients with mild cognitive impairment. The diagnosis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy was based on the modified Boston criteria. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the predictive factors for cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Results: We analyzed 55 mild cognitive impairment patients (mean age [standard deviation]: 76.3 [6.8] years; 33 [60% ] men). Complement 3 levels were significantly increased in cerebral amyloid angiopathy patients (n = 16) compared with those without cerebral amyloid angiopathy (n = 39) (median [interquartile range]: 0.43 [0.34–0.65] versus 0.35 [0.25–0.45], respectively; p = 0.040). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that increased complement 3 levels were significantly associated with cerebral amyloid angiopathy. After selection of the best predictive model using stepwise selection, complement 3 was preserved as a significant independent predictive factor for cerebral amyloid angiopathy (odds ratio per 0.1 unit/mL increase [95% confidence interval]: 1.407 [1.042–1.899]; p = 0.026). Conclusion: Complement activation may play a pivotal role in cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Complement 3 may be a novel diagnostic biomarker for cerebral amyloid angiopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Saito
- Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Takayuki Yamashiro
- Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Miho Yamauchi
- Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Yumi Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular Innovation in Epidemiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Michio Noguchi
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Biobank, Suita, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Tomita
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Biobank, Suita, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kawakami
- Analytical & Measuring Instruments Division, Shimadzu Corporation, Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Shikata
- Analytical & Measuring Instruments Division, Shimadzu Corporation, Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Tanaka
- Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ihara
- Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). There is growing evidence that host genetics play an important role in COVID-19 severity. Based on current knowledge about the human protein machinery for SARS-CoV-2 entry, the host innate immune response, and virus-host interactions, the potential effects of human genetic polymorphisms, which may contribute to clinical differences in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis, may help to determine the individual risk for COVID-19 infection and outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joris R Delanghe
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Marijn M Speeckaert
- Department of Nephrology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Capiau S, Delanghe JR, De Kesel PM. Evaluation of reference intervals for classical and alternative pathway functional complement assays. Clin Chem Lab Med 2022; 60:e7-e9. [PMID: 34530501 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2021-0902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Capiau
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joris R Delanghe
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter M De Kesel
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Activation of C3 and C5 May Be Involved in the Inflammatory Progression of PCM and GM. Inflammation 2022; 45:739-752. [PMID: 34997873 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01580-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Plasma cell mastitis (PCM) and granulomatous mastitis (GM) are the most common inflammatory diseases constituting nonbacterial mastitis (NBM). However, the pathogenesis of NBM remains unclear. In this study, risk factors for NBM were assessed, as well as the pathological features of PCM and GM. The levels of C3/C3a-C3aR and C5/C5a-C5aR1 of tissues were detected by IHC and WB. Exosomes were isolated from serum and identified by transmission electron microscopy. Then, C3 and C5 levels were detected in peripheral blood, and exosomes were assessed by flow cytometry and immunoelectron microscopy. Obesity and prolonged lactation were risk factors for NBM. The infiltration of plasma cells and lymphocytes around the dilated catheter in PCM and the formation of granulomatous structures in GM were the respective pathological features. C3/C3a-C3aR and C5/C5a-C5aR1 levels were elevated in PCM and GM tissue samples. There were no differences in peripheral blood levels of C3 and C5, while C3a and C5a were highly expressed in exosomes. These results suggest that the complement family is activated in PCM and GM, exosomes enrich C3a and C5a, and mediate the spread of inflammation. These findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of PCM and GM and identify therapeutic targets.
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang H, Wang L, Li Z, Ji Y, Wu Z, He Q. Biosafety evaluation of dual-responsive neutrobots. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:7556-7562. [DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00938b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Neutrobots carrying antitumor drugs facilitate considerable safety in vivo upon intravenous administration with high dose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Liting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Zesheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yuxing Ji
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhiguang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Qiang He
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
The influences of α-hemolytic Streptococcus on class switching and complement activation of human tonsillar cells in IgA nephropathy. Immunol Res 2021; 70:86-96. [PMID: 34642907 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-021-09223-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
While β-hemolytic streptococcus (β-HS) infections are known to predispose patients to acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, there is evidence that implicates α-hemolytic streptococcus (α-HS) in IgA nephropathy (IgAN). The alternative pathway of the complement system has also been implicated in IgAN. We aimed to explore the association between α-HS and complement activation in human tonsillar mononuclear cells (TMCs) in IgAN. In our study, α-HS induced higher IgA levels than IgG levels, while β-HS increased higher IgG levels than IgA levels with more activation-induced cytidine deaminase, in TMCs in the IgAN group. Aberrant IgA1 O-glycosylation levels were higher in IgAN patients with α-HS. C3 and C3b expression was decreased in IgAN patients, but in chronic tonsillitis control patients, the expression decreased only after stimulation with β-HS. Complement factor B and H (CFH) mRNA increased, but the CFH concentration in culture supernatants decreased with α-HS. The percentage of CD19 + CD35 + cells/complement receptor 1 (CR1) decreased with α-HS more than with β-HS, while CD19 + CD21 + cells/complement receptor 2 (CR2) increased more with β-HS than with α-HS. The component nephritis-associated plasmin receptor (NAPlr) of α-HS was not detected on tonsillar or kidney tissues in IgAN patients and was positive on cultured TMCs and mesangial cells. We concluded that α-HS induced the secretion of aberrantly O-glycosylated IgA while decreasing the levels of the inhibitory factor CFH in culture supernatants and CR1 + B cells. These findings provide testable mechanisms that relate α-HS infection to abnormal mucosal responses involving the alternative complement pathway in IgAN.
Collapse
|
14
|
Liu T, Yang M, Xia Y, Jiang C, Li C, Jiang Z, Wang X. Microarray-based analysis of renal complement components reveals a therapeutic target for lupus nephritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2021; 23:223. [PMID: 34433493 PMCID: PMC8385907 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-021-02605-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Screening abnormal pathways and complement components in the kidneys of patients with lupus nephritis (LN) and NZB/W mice may help to identify complement-related therapeutic targets for LN. Methods KEGG and GO enrichment assays were used to analyze kidney microarray data of LN patients and NZB/W mice. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence assays were used to measure renal expression of complement-related proteins and TGFβ1. Cytokines were measured using RT-qPCR and ELISA. Results We screened the renal pathogenic pathways present in LN patients and NZB/W mice and selected the complement activation pathway for further study. The results indicated greater renal expression of C1qa, C1qb, C3, C3aR1, and C5aR1 at the mRNA and protein levels. C3 appeared to be a key factor in LN and the renal signaling downstream of C1 was inhibited. There were significant correlations between the expression of TGFβ1 and C3. Analysis of primary cell cultures indicated that TGFβ1 promoted the expression of C3 and that a TGFβ1 antagonist decreased the levels of C3 and C3aR. TGFβ1 inhibition significantly inhibited the deposition of complement-related factors in the kidneys of NZB/W mice. Conclusions At the onset of LN, there are significant increases in the renal levels of C3 and other complement pathway-related factors in patients with LN and NZB/W mice. C3 may lead to albuminuria and participate in the pathogenesis of LN. TGFβ1 promotes C3 synthesis, and TGFβ1 inhibition may block the progression of LN by inhibiting the synthesis of C3 and other complement components. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13075-021-02605-9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Mingyue Yang
- Department of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Chuan Jiang
- Department of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Chenxu Li
- Department of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Zhenyu Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Xiaosong Wang
- Department of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Islam MB, Chowdhury UN, Nain Z, Uddin S, Ahmed MB, Moni MA. Identifying molecular insight of synergistic complexities for SARS-CoV-2 infection with pre-existing type 2 diabetes. Comput Biol Med 2021; 136:104668. [PMID: 34340124 PMCID: PMC8299293 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The ongoing COVID-19 outbreak, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has posed a massive threat to global public health, especially to people with underlying health conditions. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is lethal comorbidity of COVID-19. However, its pathogenetic link remains unclear. This research aims to determine the genetic factors and processes contributing to the synergistic severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection among T2D patients through bioinformatics approaches. We analyzed two sets of transcriptomic data of SARS-CoV-2 infection obtained from lung epithelium cells and PBMCs, and two sets of T2D data from pancreatic islet cells and PBMCs to identify the associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) followed by their functional enrichment analyses in terms of protein-protein interaction (PPI) to detect hub-proteins and associated comorbidities, transcription factors (TFs), microRNAs (miRNAs) as well as the potential drug candidates. In PPI analysis, four potential hub-proteins (i.e., BIRC3, C3, MME, and IL1B) were identified among 25 DEGs shared between the disease pair. Enrichment analyses using the mutually overlapped DEGs revealed the most prevalent GO and cell signalling pathways, including TNF signalling, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and IL-17 signalling, which are related to cytokine activities. Furthermore, as significant TFs, we identified IRF1, KLF11, FOSL1, and CREB3L1 while miRNAs including miR-1-3p, 34a-5p, 16–5p, 155–5p, 20a-5p, and let-7b-5p were found to be noteworthy. The findings illustrated the significant association between COVID-19 and T2D at the molecular level. These genetic determinants can further be explored for their specific roles in disease progression and therapeutic intervention, while significant pathways can also be studied as molecular checkpoints. Finally, the identified drug candidates may be evaluated for their potency to minimize the severity of COVID-19 patients with pre-existing T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Babul Islam
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Utpala Nanda Chowdhury
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Zulkar Nain
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Shahadat Uddin
- Complex Systems Research Group & Project Management Program, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Mohammad Boshir Ahmed
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad Ali Moni
- Healthy Ageing Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia; WHO Collaborating Centre on eHealth, UNSW Digital Health, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kim BJ, Mastellos DC, Li Y, Dunaief JL, Lambris JD. Targeting complement components C3 and C5 for the retina: Key concepts and lingering questions. Prog Retin Eye Res 2021; 83:100936. [PMID: 33321207 PMCID: PMC8197769 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2020.100936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) remains a major cause of legal blindness, and treatment for the geographic atrophy form of AMD is a significant unmet need. Dysregulation of the complement cascade is thought to be instrumental for AMD pathophysiology. In particular, C3 and C5 are pivotal components of the complement cascade and have become leading therapeutic targets for AMD. In this article, we discuss C3 and C5 in detail, including their roles in AMD, biochemical and structural aspects, locations of expression, and the functions of C3 and C5 fragments. Further, the article critically reviews developing therapeutics aimed at C3 and C5, underscoring the potential effects of broad inhibition of complement at the level of C3 versus more specific inhibition at C5. The relationships of complement biology to the inflammasome and microglia/macrophage activity are highlighted. Concepts of C3 and C5 biology will be emphasized, while we point out questions that need to be settled and directions for future investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Kim
- Scheie Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | | | - Yafeng Li
- Scheie Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joshua L Dunaief
- Scheie Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John D Lambris
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang X, Jiang B, Ji C, Li H, Yang L, Jiang G, Wang Y, Liu G, Liu G, Min L, Zhao F. Quantitative Label-Free Proteomic Analysis of Milk Fat Globule Membrane in Donkey and Human Milk. Front Nutr 2021; 8:670099. [PMID: 34239890 PMCID: PMC8258387 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.670099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have found donkey milk (DM) has the similar compositions with human milk (HM) and could be used as a potential hypoallergenic replacement diet for babies suffering from cow's milk allergy. Milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) proteins are involved in many biological functions, behaving as important indicators of the nutritional quality of milk. In this study, we used label-free proteomics to quantify the differentially expressed MFGM proteins (DEP) between DM (in 4-5 months of lactation) and HM (in 6-8 months of lactation). In total, 293 DEP were found in these two groups. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that the majority of DEP participated in regulation of immune system process, membrane invagination and lymphocyte activation. Several significant Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were determined for the DEP, such as lysosome, galactose metabolism and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway. Our study may provide valuable information in the composition of MFGM proteins in DM and HM, and expand our knowledge of different biological functions between DM and HM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinhao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-Based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E E-Jiao Co., Ltd, Liaocheng, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanliang Ji
- National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-Based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E E-Jiao Co., Ltd, Liaocheng, China
| | - Haijing Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-Based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E E-Jiao Co., Ltd, Liaocheng, China
| | - Li Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-Based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E E-Jiao Co., Ltd, Liaocheng, China
| | - Guimiao Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-Based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E E-Jiao Co., Ltd, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yantao Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-Based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E E-Jiao Co., Ltd, Liaocheng, China
| | - Guangyuan Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-Based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E E-Jiao Co., Ltd, Liaocheng, China
| | - Guiqin Liu
- Shandong Donkey Industry, Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Lingjiang Min
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fuwei Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-Based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E E-Jiao Co., Ltd, Liaocheng, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
The Influence of Donor and Recipient Complement C3 Polymorphisms on Liver Transplant Outcome. Int J Hepatol 2021; 2021:6636456. [PMID: 34123432 PMCID: PMC8168477 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6636456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite early reports of an impact of complement C3 polymorphism on liver transplant patient and graft survival, subsequent evidence has been conflicting. Our aim was to clarify the contributions of donor and recipient C3 genotype, separately and together, on patient and graft outcomes and acute rejection incidence in liver transplant recipients. Eight donor/recipient groups were analyzed according to their genotype and presence or absence of C3 F allele (FFFS, FFSS, FSFF, FSFS, FSSS, SSFF, SSFS, and SSSS) and correlated with clinical outcomes of patient survival, graft survival, and rejection. The further impact of brain death vs. circulatory death during liver donation was also considered. Over a median 5.3 y follow-up of 506 patients with clinical information and matching donor and recipient tissue, five-year patient and graft survival (95% confidence interval) were 90(81-91)% and 77(73-85)%, respectively, and 72(69-94)% were rejection-free. Early disadvantages to patient survival were associated with donor C3 F variant, especially in brain-death donors. Recipient C3 genotype was an independent determinant of graft survival by Cox proportional hazards analysis (hazard ratio 0.26, P = 0.04), and the C3 F donor variant was again associated with worse liver graft survival, particularly in brain-death donors. C3 genotype did not independently determine rejection incidence, but a greater proportion of recipient C3 F carriers were rejection-free in the circulatory death, but not the brain-death cohort. Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed significant effects of acute rejection on patient survival (hazard ratio 0.24, P = 0.018), of retransplantation on rejection risk (hazard ratio 6.3, P = 0.009), and of donor type (circulatory-death vs. brain-death) on rejection incidence (hazard ratio 4.9, P = 0.005). We conclude that both donor and recipient complement C3 genotype may influence patient and graft outcomes after liver transplantation but that the type of liver donor is additionally influential, possibly via the inflammatory environment of the transplant.
Collapse
|
19
|
Delanghe JR, De Buyzere ML, Speeckaert MM. Genetic Polymorphisms in the Host and COVID-19 Infection. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1318:109-118. [PMID: 33973175 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-63761-3_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic shows a marked geographical variation in its prevalence and mortality. The question arises if the host genetic variation may (partly) affect the prevalence and mortality of COVID-19. We postulated that the geographical variation of human polymorphisms might partly explain the variable prevalence of the infection. We investigated some candidate genes that have the potential to play a role in the immune defense against COVID-19: complement component 3 (C3), galactoside 2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2), haptoglobin (Hp), vitamin D binding protein (DBP), human homeostatic iron regulator protein (HFE), cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), and angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 (ACE1). In a univariate approach, ACE1 D/I, C3, CFTR, and HFE polymorphisms correlated significantly with COVID-19 prevalence/mortality, whereas Hp and FUT2 polymorphism did not show any significant correlations. In a multivariate analysis, only ACE1 D/I and C3 polymorphisms were determinants for COVID-19 prevalence/mortality. The other polymorphisms (CFTR, DBP, FUT2, HFE, and Hp) did not correlate with COVID-19 prevalence/mortality. Whereas ACE1 D/I polymorphism shows functional links with ACE2 (which is the receptor for the virus) in COVID-19, C3 can act as a critical step in the virus-induced inflammation. Our findings plead against a bystander role of the polymorphisms as a marker for historical migrations, which comigrate with causal genes involved in COVID-19 infection. Further studies are required to assess the clinical outcome of COVID-19 in C3S and ACE1 D allele carriers and to study the role of C3 and ACE1 D/I polymorphisms in COVID-19 and their potential effects on treatment response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joris R Delanghe
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. .,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Ghent, Belgium.
| | | | - Marijn M Speeckaert
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO), Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Devalaraja-Narashimha K, Meagher K, Luo Y, Huang C, Kaplan T, Muthuswamy A, Halasz G, Casanova S, O'Brien J, Peyser Boiarsky R, McWhirter J, Gartner H, Bai Y, MacDonnell S, Liu C, Hu Y, Latuszek A, Wei Y, Prasad S, Huang T, Yancopoulos G, Murphy A, Olson W, Zambrowicz B, Macdonald L, Morton LG. Humanized C3 Mouse: A Novel Accelerated Model of C3 Glomerulopathy. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:99-114. [PMID: 33288630 PMCID: PMC7894673 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2020050698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) is characterized by the alternative-pathway (AP) hyperactivation induced by nephritic factors or complement gene mutations. Mice deficient in complement factor H (CFH) are a classic C3G model, with kidney disease that requires several months to progress to renal failure. Novel C3G models can further contribute to understanding the mechanism behind this disease and developing therapeutic approaches. METHODS A novel, rapidly progressing, severe, murine model of C3G was developed by replacing the mouse C3 gene with the human C3 homolog using VelociGene technology. Functional, histologic, molecular, and pharmacologic assays characterize the presentation of renal disease and enable useful pharmacologic interventions in the humanized C3 (C3hu/hu) mice. RESULTS The C3hu/hu mice exhibit increased morbidity early in life and die by about 5-6 months of age. The C3hu/hu mice display elevated biomarkers of kidney dysfunction, glomerulosclerosis, C3/C5b-9 deposition, and reduced circulating C3 compared with wild-type mice. Administration of a C5-blocking mAb improved survival rate and offered functional and histopathologic benefits. Blockade of AP activation by anti-C3b or CFB mAbs also extended survival and preserved kidney function. CONCLUSIONS The C3hu/hu mice are a useful model for C3G because they share many pathologic features consistent with the human disease. The C3G phenotype in C3hu/hu mice may originate from a dysregulated interaction of human C3 protein with multiple mouse complement proteins, leading to unregulated C3 activation via AP. The accelerated disease course in C3hu/hu mice may further enable preclinical studies to assess and validate new therapeutics for C3G.
Collapse
|
21
|
Delanghe JR, Speeckaert MM, De Buyzere ML. COVID-19 infections are also affected by human ACE1 D/I polymorphism. Clin Chem Lab Med 2020; 58:1125-1126. [PMID: 32286246 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2020-0425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joris R Delanghe
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Ghent University, C. Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Delanghe JR, De Buyzere ML, Speeckaert MM. C3 and ACE1 polymorphisms are more important confounders in the spread and outcome of COVID-19 in comparison with ABO polymorphism. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2020; 27:1331-1332. [PMID: 32460534 PMCID: PMC7717311 DOI: 10.1177/2047487320931305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
23
|
Zhao J, Wang M, He P, Chen Y, Wang X, Zhang M. Identification of glutathione S-transferase π 1 as a prognostic proteomic biomarker for multiple myeloma using proteomic profiling. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:2153-2162. [PMID: 32194713 PMCID: PMC7038923 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a B-cell hematological malignancy with monoclonal plasma cell proliferation in the bone marrow. Early diagnosis of MM remains difficult due to the lack of specific symptoms and biomarkers. In the present study, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and the ClinProt system was used to detect potential biomarkers for MM from the bone marrow samples of 30 patients and 30 healthy controls. A total of 10 of the most significantly differentiated peaks between the patients and controls were identified. When patients with MM were compared with controls, 6 peaks with m/z values of 1,779.24, 1,866.32, 2,022.36, 2,878.9, 4,417.76 and 7,155.38 were upregulated, and 4 peaks with m/z values of 1,466.54, 1,520.02, 1,546.53 and 2,991.05 were downregulated. Of these 10 peaks, 4 peaks (pk 8, 1,866.32 Da; pk 15, 2,878.90 Da; pk 17, 2,991.05 Da; and pk 3, 1,520.02 Da) were further sequenced and identified using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). Furthermore, the expression of fibronectin 1 and glutathione S-transferase π 1 (GSTP1) were validated in patients with MM via ELISAs. Clinical data and statistical analysis indicated that GSTP1 expression was closely associated with the clinical stage of patients with MM. High GSTP1 levels were an independent risk factor for worse prognosis in patients with MM. These results demonstrate that GSTP1 may be a novel biomarker for early diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of minimal residual disease in MM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Meihua Wang
- Department of Hematology, Yanan University Affiliated Hospital, Yanan, Shaanxi 716000, P.R. China
| | - Pengcheng He
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ibrahim ST, Chinnadurai R, Ali I, Payne D, Rice GI, Newman WG, Algohary E, Adam AG, Kalra PA. Genetic polymorphism in C3 is associated with progression in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with IgA nephropathy but not in other causes of CKD. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228101. [PMID: 32004338 PMCID: PMC6994105 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The R102G variant in complement 3 (C3) results in two allotypic variants: C3 fast (C3F) and C3 slow (C3S). C3F presents at increased frequency in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), our aim is to explore its role in CKD progression and mortality. Methods Delta (Δ) eGFR for 2038 patients in the Salford Kidney Study (SKS) was calculated by linear regression; those with ≤-3ml/min/1.73m2/yr were defined as rapid progressors (RP) and those with ΔeGFR between -0.5 and +1ml/min/1.73m2/yr, labelled stable CKD patients (SP).A group of 454 volunteers was used as a control group. In addition, all biopsy-proven glomerulonephritis (GN) patients were studied regardless of their ΔeGFR. R102G was analysed by real-time PCR, and genotypic and allelic frequencies were compared between RP and SP along with the healthy control group. Results There were 255 SP and 259 RP in the final cohort. Median ΔeGFR was 0.07 vs. -4.7 ml/min/1.73m2/yr in SP vs. RP. C3F allele frequency was found to be significantly higher in our CKD cohort (25.7%) compared with the healthy control group (20.6%); p = 0.008.However, there was no significant difference in C3F allele frequency between the RP and SP groups. In a subgroup analysis of 37 patients with IgA nephropathy in the CKD cohort (21 RP and 16 SP), there was a significantly higher frequency of C3F in RP 40.5% vs. 9.4% in SP; p = 0.003. In the GN group, Cox regression showed an association between C3F and progression only in those with IgA nephropathy (n = 114);HR = 1.9 (95% CI 1.1–3.1; p = 0.018) for individuals heterozygous for the C3F variant, increased further for individuals homozygous for the variant, HR = 2.8 (95% CI 1.2–6.2; p = 0.014). Conclusion The C3 variant R102G is associated with progression of CKD in patients with IgA nephropathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara T. Ibrahim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Department of Renal Medicine, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, United Kingdom
- University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Rajkumar Chinnadurai
- Department of Renal Medicine, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, United Kingdom
- University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ibrahim Ali
- Department of Renal Medicine, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, United Kingdom
- University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Debbie Payne
- University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Gillian I. Rice
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - William G. Newman
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Eman Algohary
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed G. Adam
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Philip A. Kalra
- Department of Renal Medicine, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, United Kingdom
- University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang F, Yang Y, You Q, Chen H. Prognostic Significance of Serum Complement Component 3 in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 2020; 82:67-73. [PMID: 31935724 DOI: 10.1159/000504195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between serum complement component 3 (C3) levels and disease recurrences in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (NPs). METHODS Ninety-seven patients with NPs and 30 controls were recruited. Clinical features were collected. Serum concentrations of C3 and C4 were measured before and after endoscopic sinus surgery. RESULTS Compared to the controls, increased C3 levels were found in patients with NPs. Patients with polyp recurrences had higher pre- and postoperative serum C3 levels than patients without polyp recurrences. Serum C3 levels dropped after surgery. After polyp regrowth, the mean C3 level in the recurrent group elevated again to the degree similar to that before surgery. When patients were stratified by tissue eosinophilia, no significant difference was seen in pre-/postoperative, absolute change after surgery, and post-recurrent C3 levels between patients without and with eosinophilic NPs in the group with disease recurrences. CONCLUSION Serum C3 may be involved in the pathogenesis of NPs. Higher serum C3 levels may pinpoint patients at high risk of recurrence as an independent factor. Furthermore, the change in C3 levels after surgery may have the potential to serve as a predictor for polyp progression. Adding serum C3 measurement to the routine walk-up in the clinical management of NPs is worth further investigation and may help physicians make a more rational diagnostic and/or therapeutic decision regarding this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, ZheJiang University, Hangzhou, China,
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, ZheJiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qihan You
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, ZheJiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haihong Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, ZheJiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Róka B, Tod P, Kaucsár T, Vizovišek M, Vidmar R, Turk B, Fonović M, Szénási G, Hamar P. The Acute Phase Response Is a Prominent Renal Proteome Change in Sepsis in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:E200. [PMID: 31892161 PMCID: PMC6982205 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is the most common form of acute kidney injury (AKI). We studied the temporal profile of the sepsis-induced renal proteome changes. (2) Methods: Male mice were injected intraperitoneally with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or saline (control). Renal proteome was studied by LC-MS/MS (ProteomeXchange: PXD014664) at the early phase (EP, 1.5 and 6 h after 40 mg/kg LPS) and the late phase (LP, 24 and 48 h after 10 mg/kg LPS) of LPS-induced AKI. Renal mRNA expression of acute phase proteins (APP) was assessed by qPCR. (3) Results: Renal proteome change was milder in EP vs. LP. APPs dominated the proteome in LP (proteins upregulated at least 4-fold (APPs/all): EP, 1.5 h: 0/10, 6 h: 1/10; LP, 24 h: 22/47, 48 h: 17/44). Lipocalin-2, complement C3, fibrinogen, haptoglobin and hemopexin were the most upregulated APPs. Renal mRNA expression preceded the APP changes with peak effects at 24 h, and indicated renal production of the majority of APPs. (4) Conclusions: Gene expression analysis revealed local production of APPs that commenced a few hours post injection and peaked at 24 h. This is the first demonstration of a massive, complex and coordinated acute phase response of the kidney involving several proteins not identified previously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beáta Róka
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.R.); (P.T.); (T.K.); (G.S.)
| | - Pál Tod
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.R.); (P.T.); (T.K.); (G.S.)
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tamás Kaucsár
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.R.); (P.T.); (T.K.); (G.S.)
| | - Matej Vizovišek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.V.); (R.V.); (B.T.); (M.F.)
| | - Robert Vidmar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.V.); (R.V.); (B.T.); (M.F.)
| | - Boris Turk
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.V.); (R.V.); (B.T.); (M.F.)
- Centre of Excellence for Integrated Approaches in Chemistry and Biology of Proteins, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Fonović
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.V.); (R.V.); (B.T.); (M.F.)
- Centre of Excellence for Integrated Approaches in Chemistry and Biology of Proteins, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gábor Szénási
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.R.); (P.T.); (T.K.); (G.S.)
| | - Péter Hamar
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.R.); (P.T.); (T.K.); (G.S.)
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Shah KK, Verma R, Oleske JM, Scolpino A, Bogden JD. Essential trace elements and progression and management of HIV infection. Nutr Res 2019; 71:21-29. [PMID: 31668643 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This review was written to update the review that we published in Nutrition Research in 2007 by examining studies published in the last 11 years which describe the effects of trace mineral deficiencies and micronutrient supplementation on HIV infection and its progression. In addition, we included studies that explore the interactions between Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) and micronutrient nutrition, focusing on the essential trace minerals. This review summarizes the results described in relevant articles that were identified by literature searches conducted using the OVID Medline database. Four of the nine essential trace minerals, specifically chromium, iron, selenium, and zinc, can influence HIV progression and/or its treatment. Notably, copper-containing filters may prevent transmission of the HIV virus via breastfeeding. However, there is a lack of good evidence to date that fluoride, iodine, manganese, or molybdenum influence HIV infection. Recent studies reveal that HAART can alter serum trace mineral and vitamin concentrations, but the effects vary based on the medications used. Although they have contributed useful new data, the sample sizes for most of these studies were too small to draw definitive conclusions for introducing changes in the management of HIV infection. Larger studies are needed to better understand and define the roles of trace mineral and vitamin deficiencies and micronutrient supplementation in the management and treatment of HIV-infected patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keneil K Shah
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Rebeka Verma
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - James M Oleske
- Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ
| | - Anthony Scolpino
- Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ
| | - John D Bogden
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, & Molecular Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Liu Y, Song Q, Li D, Zou R, Zhang Y, Hao S, Geng X, Sun J. A novel complement C3 like gene (Lv-C3L) from Litopenaeus vannamei with bacteriolytic and hemolytic activities and its role in antiviral immune response. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 91:376-387. [PMID: 31125666 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As a core component of the complement system, complement component 3 (C3) plays a central role in the opsonization of pathogens, immune defense and immune regulation in the mammalian for its activation is required to trigger classical as well as alternative complement pathways. However, the molecular mechanism underlying C3 activation in invertebrates remains unknown. Several C3 genes have been characterized in invertebrates but very few in crustacean. To understand the molecular characterization and immunological functions of shrimp C3, we characterized a novel complement C3 like gene (designated Lv-C3L) with full-length cDNA sequence identified from pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in the present study. The full length cDNA of Lv-C3L sequence was 4769 bp (GenBank accession number: MH638255) containing a 4077 bp open reading frame (ORF), which encodes 1358 amino acids contained a putative signal peptide of 17 amino acids. Six model motifs of C3 were found in Lv-C3L including typical A2M domain, a highly conserved thioester region (GCGEQ) and proteolytic cleavage site of ANATO. In addition to typical conservative domains, Lv-C3L also contains a particular GLN-rich region which might be involved in the protein interaction and transcriptional activation. The transcripts of Lv-C3L were mainly detected in hemocytes and gill which might be involved in defense response. At 36 h post V.parahaemolyticus and B.thuringensis infection, the expression level of Lv-C3L gene in hemocytes were significantly upregulated. At 48 h and 72 h post WSSV infection, the expression level of Lv-C3L gene in hemocytes and gill were significantly upregulated. These results indicated that Lv-C3L gene play a pivotal role in innate immune responses to the WSSV and G+/G- bacterial infection. The obvious immune function of Lv-C3L was described as an effective membrane rupture in bacteriolytic and hemolytic activities on V.parahaemolyticus, V.anguillarum and rabbit erythrocytes. Combining with WSSV copy number, WSSV-VP28 gene expression profile and shrimp cumulative mortality analysis, RNAi knockdown of Lv-C3L gene could obviously promote the in vivo propagation of WSSV in shrimp. This is the first report in crustaceans that Lv-C3L, as a key complement like components, is involved in shrimp antiviral immune response. It is speculated that complicated complement response cascade may exist in shrimp. These results collectively indicated that the complement pathway in shrimp might play an important protective role against pathogenic infection and activation of complement pathway including C3 could restrict the propagation of WSSV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance/College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Qiaozhen Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance/College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Danlei Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance/College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Ruifeng Zou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance/College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Yichen Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance/College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Shaoyan Hao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance/College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Xuyun Geng
- Tianjin Fisheries Research Institute, Tianjin, 300221, China
| | - Jinsheng Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance/College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Guo L, Hua J, Luan Z, Xue P, Zhou S, Wang X, Qin N. Effects of the stems and leaves of Astragalus membranaceus on growth performance, immunological parameters, antioxidant status, and intestinal bacteria of quail. Anim Sci J 2019; 90:747-756. [PMID: 30989748 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the potential application of the stems and leaves of Astragalus membranaceus (AMSL) in the poultry industry. Quails were divided into four groups and fed daily with an AMSL-free diet (control) or with 1%, 3%, or 5% (w/w) AMSL-incorporated diets for 35 days. The results showed that supplementing AMSL in the diet, especially at a concentration of 3%, increased daily gain and feed intake during the entire experiment (p < 0.05). The immune organ development of the thymus and bursa of Fabricius was promoted, and the immune system was enhanced by increasing the quantities of IgA and complements C3 and C4 (p < 0.05). The total antioxidant capacity and the activities of glutathione peroxidase and catalase were increased (p < 0.05). Moreover, the 3%-5% AMSL groups regulated the intestinal flora by promoting the proliferation of lactic acid bacteria and inhibiting the growth of coliform bacteria (p < 0.05). In conclusion, feeding incorporated diets with appropriate AMSL levels significantly increased growth performance, strengthened the immune system, improved antioxidative status, and regulated the intestinal microflora of quails, suggesting that AMSL has the potential to serve as a feed additive in the poultry industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Guo
- College of Pharmaceutical and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China
| | - Jin Hua
- Shanxi Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhihua Luan
- College of Pharmaceutical and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China
| | - Puyou Xue
- College of Pharmaceutical and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China
| | - Songquan Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China
| | - Nan Qin
- College of Pharmaceutical and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Othman Z, Cillero Pastor B, van Rijt S, Habibovic P. Understanding interactions between biomaterials and biological systems using proteomics. Biomaterials 2018; 167:191-204. [PMID: 29571054 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The role that biomaterials play in the clinical treatment of damaged organs and tissues is changing. While biomaterials used in permanent medical devices were required to passively take over the function of a damaged tissue in the long term, current biomaterials are expected to trigger and harness the self-regenerative potential of the body in situ and then to degrade, the foundation of regenerative medicine. To meet these different requirements, it is imperative to fully understand the interactions biomaterials have with biological systems, in space and in time. This knowledge will lead to a better understanding of the regenerative capabilities of biomaterials aiding their design with improved functionalities (e.g. biocompatibility, bioactivity). Proteins play a pivotal role in the interaction between biomaterials and cells or tissues. Protein adsorption on the material surface is the very first event of this interaction, which is determinant for the subsequent processes of cell growth, differentiation, and extracellular matrix formation. Against this background, the aim of the current review is to provide insight in the current knowledge of the role of proteins in cell-biomaterial and tissue-biomaterial interactions. In particular, the focus is on proteomics studies, mainly using mass spectrometry, and the knowledge they have generated on protein adsorption of biomaterials, protein production by cells cultured on materials, safety and efficacy of new materials based on nanoparticles and the analysis of extracellular matrices and extracellular matrix-derived products. In the outlook, the potential and limitations of this approach are discussed and mass spectrometry imaging is presented as a powerful technique that complements existing mass spectrometry techniques by providing spatial molecular information about the material-biological system interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziryan Othman
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Berta Cillero Pastor
- The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine van Rijt
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Pamela Habibovic
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Łukawska E, Polcyn-Adamczak M, Niemir ZI. The role of the alternative pathway of complement activation in glomerular diseases. Clin Exp Med 2018; 18:297-318. [DOI: 10.1007/s10238-018-0491-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
32
|
Prognostic Significance of Preoperative and Postoperative Complement C3 Depletion in Gastric Cancer: A Three-Year Survival Investigation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:2161840. [PMID: 29062836 PMCID: PMC5618749 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2161840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The role of complement system in predicting prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) remains obscured. This study aims to explore the incidence of complement C3 depletion and associated outcomes in GC patients. METHODS between August 2013 and December 2013, 106 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were prospectively analyzed. Plasma levels of complement C3 and C4 were detected at baseline, one day before surgery, and postoperative day 3, respectively. Patients with low C3 levels (<0.75 mg/mL) were considered as having complement depletion (CD), while others with normal C3 levels were included as control. The 3-year overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and other outcomes were compared between both groups, with the CD incidence explored meanwhile. RESULTS The CD incidence was 28.3% before surgery but increased to 37.7% after surgery. Preoperative CD was related to prolonged hospital stay (22.7 versus 19.2 day, P = 0.032) and increased postoperative complications (33.3% versus 14.5%, P = 0.030) and hospital costs (P = 0.013). Besides, postoperative C3 depletion was significantly associated with decreased 3-year OS (P = 0.022) and DFS (P = 0.003). Moreover, postoperative C3 depletion and advanced tumor stage were independent predictive factors of poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS Complement C3 depletion occurring in gastric cancer was associated with poor short-term and long-term outcomes.
Collapse
|
33
|
Michielsen LA, van Zuilen AD, Muskens IS, Verhaar MC, Otten HG. Complement Polymorphisms in Kidney Transplantation: Critical in Graft Rejection? Am J Transplant 2017; 17:2000-2007. [PMID: 28097805 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The complement system, as part of the innate immune system, plays an important role in renal transplantation. Complement is involved in the protection against foreign organisms and clearance of apoptotic cells but can also cause injury to the renal allograft, for instance, via antibody binding or in ischemia-reperfusion injury. Numerous polymorphisms in complement factors have been identified thus far; some of them result in different functionalities or alter complement levels. In this review, we provide an overview of the literature on the role of complement polymorphisms in renal transplantation. Furthermore, we discuss functional complement polymorphisms that have not yet been investigated in kidney transplantation. By investigating multiple polymorphisms both in donor and recipient at the same time, a complotype can be constructed. Because the combination of multiple polymorphisms is likely to have a greater impact than a single one, this could provide valuable prognostic information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L A Michielsen
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - A D van Zuilen
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - I S Muskens
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - M C Verhaar
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - H G Otten
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Polymorphisms in genes related to the complement system and antibody-mediated cardiac allograft rejection. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017; 37:477-485. [PMID: 28784323 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart transplantation (HT) is a life-saving treatment for patients with end-stage heart failure. One of the main problems after HT is the humoral response termed antibody-mediated rejection (AMR). Complement activation plays a key role in AMR contributing to graft damage. The aim of this study was to analyze genetic variants in genes related to the complement pathways that could be associated with the development of AMR. METHODS Analysis of 51 genes related to the complement pathway was performed by next-generation sequencing in 46 HT recipients, 23 with and 23 without AMR. Statistical analysis was performed with SNPstats and R. RESULTS We identified 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms, 1 in the mannose-binding lectin 2 gene (p.Gly54Asp-MBL2) and 1 in the complement factor properdin gene (p.Asn428(p=)-CFP), that showed significant association with the absence and development of AMR, respectively. Moreover, the presence of the rare allele in p.Gly54Asp-MBL2 control patients correlated with an immunodeficiency of mannose-binding lectin (6.24 ng/ml vs 207.50 ng/ml, p < 0.01), whereas the presence of the rare allele p.Asn428(p=)-CFP in patients with AMR correlated with higher levels of properdin protein (14.65 μg/ml vs 10.77 μg/ml, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS AMR is a complex phenotype affected by many recipient factors. Variants in p.Gly54Asp-MBL2 and p.Asn428(p=)-CFP genes, encoding mannose-binding lectin 2 and properdin, may influence the risk of AMR.
Collapse
|
35
|
Ricklin D, Reis ES, Mastellos DC, Gros P, Lambris JD. Complement component C3 - The "Swiss Army Knife" of innate immunity and host defense. Immunol Rev 2016; 274:33-58. [PMID: 27782325 PMCID: PMC5427221 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
As a preformed defense system, complement faces a delicate challenge in providing an immediate, forceful response to pathogens even at first encounter, while sparing host cells in the process. For this purpose, it engages a tightly regulated network of plasma proteins, cell surface receptors, and regulators. Complement component C3 plays a particularly versatile role in this process by keeping the cascade alert, acting as a point of convergence of activation pathways, fueling the amplification of the complement response, exerting direct effector functions, and helping to coordinate downstream immune responses. In recent years, it has become evident that nature engages the power of C3 not only to clear pathogens but also for a variety of homeostatic processes ranging from tissue regeneration and synapse pruning to clearing debris and controlling tumor cell progression. At the same time, its central position in immune surveillance makes C3 a target for microbial immune evasion and, if improperly engaged, a trigger point for various clinical conditions. In our review, we look at the versatile roles and evolutionary journey of C3, discuss new insights into the molecular basis for C3 function, provide examples of disease involvement, and summarize the emerging potential of C3 as a therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ricklin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Edimara S Reis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dimitrios C Mastellos
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- National Center for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece
| | - Piet Gros
- Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - John D Lambris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Peng M, Niu D, Wang F, Chen Z, Li J. Complement C3 gene: Expression characterization and innate immune response in razor clam Sinonovacula constricta. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 55:223-232. [PMID: 27231190 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Complement component 3 (C3) is central to the complement system, playing an important role in immune defense, immune regulation and immune pathology. Several C3 genes have been characterized in invertebrates but very few in shellfish. The C3 gene was identified from the razor clam Sinonovacula constricta, referred to here as Sc-C3. It was found to be highly homologous with the C3 gene of Ruditapes decussatus. All eight model motifs of the C3 gene were found to be included in the thiolester bond and the C345C region. Sc-C3 was widely expressed in all healthy tissues with expression being highest in hemolymph. A significant difference in expression was revealed at the umbo larvae development stage. The expression of Sc-C3 was highly regulated in the hemolymph and liver, with a distinct response pattern being noted after a challenge with Micrococcus lysodeikticus and Vibrio parahemolyticus. It is therefore suggested that a complicated and unique response pathway may be present in S. constricta. Further, serum of S. constricta containing Sc-C3 was extracted. This was activated by LPS or bacterium for verification for function. The more obvious immune function of Sc-C3 was described as an effective membrane rupture in hemocyte cells of rabbit, V. parahemolyticus and Vibrio anguillarum. Thus, Sc-C3 plays an essential role in the immune defense of S. constricta.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maoxiao Peng
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources and College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Donghong Niu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources and College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources and College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zhiyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources and College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jiale Li
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources and College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Du Y, Zhang Q, Han B. Genetic variants of C5 and polymorphisms of C3 in Chinese patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Int J Lab Hematol 2016; 38:e84-5. [PMID: 27307199 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Du
- Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Q Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - B Han
- Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Sanggaard KW, Dyrlund TF, Bechsgaard JS, Scavenius C, Wang T, Bilde T, Enghild JJ. The spider hemolymph clot proteome reveals high concentrations of hemocyanin and von Willebrand factor-like proteins. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2016; 1864:233-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
39
|
Garraud O, Hamzeh-Cognasse H, Laradi S, Pozzetto B, Cognasse F. Transfusion et inflammation : hier – aujourd’hui – demain. Transfus Clin Biol 2015; 22:168-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
40
|
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Prospective study. OBJECTIVE To identify proteins with differential expression in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 15 clinically normal (control) dogs and 15 dogs with cervical spondylomyelopathy (CSM). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Canine CSM is a spontaneous, chronic, compressive cervical myelopathy similar to human cervical spondylotic myelopathy. There is a limited knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying these conditions. Differentially expressed CSF proteins may contribute with novel information about the disease pathogenesis in both dogs and humans. METHODS Protein separation was performed with 2-dimensional electrophoresis. A Student t test was used to detect significant differences between groups (P < 0.05). Three comparisons were made: (1) control versus CSM-affected dogs, (2) control versus non-corticosteroid-treated CSM-affected dogs, and (3) non-corticosteroid-treated CSM-affected versus corticosteroid-treated CSM-affected dogs. Protein spots exhibiting at least a statistically significant 1.25-fold change between groups were selected for subsequent identification with capillary-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS A total of 96 spots had a significant average change of at least 1.25-fold in 1 of the 3 comparisons. Compared with the CSF of control dogs, CSM-affected dogs demonstrated increased CSF expression of 8 proteins including vitamin D-binding protein, gelsolin, creatine kinase B-type, angiotensinogen, α-2-HS-glycoprotein, SPARC (secreted protein, acidic, rich in cysteine), calsyntenin-1, and complement C3, and decreased expression of pigment epithelium-derived factor, prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase, apolipoprotein E, and clusterin. In the CSF of CSM-affected dogs, corticosteroid treatment increased the expression of haptoglobin, transthyretin isoform 2, cystatin C-like, apolipoprotein E, and clusterin, and decreased the expression of angiotensinogen, α-2-HS-glycoprotein, and gelsolin. CONCLUSION Many of the differentially expressed proteins are associated with damaged neural tissue, bone turnover, and/or compromised blood-spinal cord barrier. The knowledge of the protein changes that occur in CSM and upon corticosteroid treatment of CSM-affected patients will aid in further understanding the pathomechanisms underlying this disease. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A.
Collapse
|
41
|
Rodriguez E, Nan R, Li K, Gor J, Perkins SJ. A revised mechanism for the activation of complement C3 to C3b: a molecular explanation of a disease-associated polymorphism. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:2334-50. [PMID: 25488663 PMCID: PMC4303685 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.605691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The solution structure of complement C3b is crucial for the understanding of complement activation and regulation. C3b is generated by the removal of C3a from C3. Hydrolysis of the C3 thioester produces C3u, an analog of C3b. C3b cleavage results in C3c and C3d (thioester-containing domain; TED). To resolve functional questions in relation to C3b and C3u, analytical ultracentrifugation and x-ray and neutron scattering studies were used with C3, C3b, C3u, C3c, and C3d, using the wild-type allotype with Arg(102). In 50 mm NaCl buffer, atomistic scattering modeling showed that both C3b and C3u adopted a compact structure, similar to the C3b crystal structure in which its TED and macroglobulin 1 (MG1) domains were connected through the Arg(102)-Glu(1032) salt bridge. In physiological 137 mm NaCl, scattering modeling showed that C3b and C3u were both extended in structure, with the TED and MG1 domains now separated by up to 6 nm. The importance of the Arg(102)-Glu(1032) salt bridge was determined using surface plasmon resonance to monitor the binding of wild-type C3d(E1032) and mutant C3d(A1032) to immobilized C3c. The mutant did not bind, whereas the wild-type form did. The high conformational variability of TED in C3b in physiological buffer showed that C3b is more reactive than previously thought. Because the Arg(102)-Glu(1032) salt bridge is essential for the C3b-Factor H complex during the regulatory control of C3b, the known clinical associations of the major C3S (Arg(102)) and disease-linked C3F (Gly(102)) allotypes of C3b were experimentally explained for the first time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Rodriguez
- From the Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, Darwin Building, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Ruodan Nan
- From the Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, Darwin Building, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Keying Li
- From the Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, Darwin Building, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Jayesh Gor
- From the Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, Darwin Building, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen J Perkins
- From the Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, Darwin Building, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
New functional and structural insights from updated mutational databases for complement factor H, Factor I, membrane cofactor protein and C3. Biosci Rep 2014; 34:BSR20140117. [PMID: 25188723 PMCID: PMC4206863 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20140117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
aHUS (atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome), AMD (age-related macular degeneration) and other diseases are associated with defective AP (alternative pathway) regulation. CFH (complement factor H), CFI (complement factor I), MCP (membrane cofactor protein) and C3 exhibited the most disease-associated genetic alterations in the AP. Our interactive structural database for these was updated with a total of 324 genetic alterations. A consensus structure for the SCR (short complement regulator) domain showed that the majority (37%) of SCR mutations occurred at its hypervariable loop and its four conserved Cys residues. Mapping 113 missense mutations onto the CFH structure showed that over half occurred in the C-terminal domains SCR-15 to -20. In particular, SCR-20 with the highest total of affected residues is associated with binding to C3d and heparin-like oligosaccharides. No clustering of 49 missense mutations in CFI was seen. In MCP, SCR-3 was the most affected by 23 missense mutations. In C3, the neighbouring thioester and MG (macroglobulin) domains exhibited most of 47 missense mutations. The mutations in the regulators CFH, CFI and MCP involve loss-of-function, whereas those for C3 involve gain-of-function. This combined update emphasizes the importance of the complement AP in inflammatory disease, clarifies the functionally important regions in these proteins, and will facilitate diagnosis and therapy. A new compilation of 324 mutations in four major proteins from the complement alternative pathway reveals mutational hotspots in factor H and complement C3, and less so in factor I and membrane cofactor protein. Their associations with function are discussed.
Collapse
|
43
|
Fania C, Sogno I, Vasso M, Torretta E, Leone R, Bruno A, Consonni P, Albini A, Gelfi C. A PSA-guided approach for a better diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma based on MALDI profiling and peptide identification. Clin Chim Acta 2014; 439:42-9. [PMID: 25312866 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second cause of mortality in men worldwide. The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test is routinely adopted in diagnosis; nevertheless more reliable biomarkers are continuously under investigation by monitoring the release of molecules into the bloodstream. The serum protein profiles appear to provide cancer-specific fingerprints that help to discriminate patients (especially with low PSA level) from controls, improving the performance of existing clinical tests. METHODS Samples from healthy controls and PCa patients with low (≤4 ng/mL) and high PSA (>4 ng/mL) levels were analyzed by MALDI profiling, and by a multi fractionation approach coupled to ESI-MS for peaks identification. RESULTS MALDI profiling achieved to detect 10 and 14 changed peaks (p-value <0.05), respectively, in PCa patients with low and high PSA versus controls. In particular, a peak identified as C3f fragment, resulted overexpressed in low PSA PCa patients. CONCLUSIONS PSA test, coupled to MALDI profiling, is able to detect changes, specifically related to PCa, in low molecular weight protein range. Furthermore, for the first time in prostate cancer research, the identification and quantification of the small peptide C3f appears to be relevant for the detection of false negatives, providing an additive diagnostic power to PSA (p<0.01) and suggesting its use in clinical tests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Fania
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi Di Milano, Via F.lli Cervi 93, Segrate, Milan 20090, Italy; IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Edmondo Malan, San Donato Milanese, Milan 20097, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Sogno
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico MultiMedica, via Fantoli 16/15, Milan 20138, Italy.
| | - Michele Vasso
- Istituto di Bioimmagini e Fisiologia Molecolare (IBFM)-CNR, C.da Pietrapollastra-Pisciotto, Cefalù, Palermo 90015, Italy.
| | - Enrica Torretta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi Di Milano, Via F.lli Cervi 93, Segrate, Milan 20090, Italy; IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Edmondo Malan, San Donato Milanese, Milan 20097, Italy.
| | - Roberta Leone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi Di Milano, Via F.lli Cervi 93, Segrate, Milan 20090, Italy.
| | - Antonino Bruno
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico MultiMedica, via Fantoli 16/15, Milan 20138, Italy.
| | - Paolo Consonni
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico MultiMedica, via Fantoli 16/15, Milan 20138, Italy.
| | - Adriana Albini
- IRCCS Tecnologie Avanzate e Modelli Assistenziali in Oncologia - Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Viale Umberto I 50, Reggio Emilia 42123, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Gelfi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi Di Milano, Via F.lli Cervi 93, Segrate, Milan 20090, Italy; IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Edmondo Malan, San Donato Milanese, Milan 20097, Italy; Istituto di Bioimmagini e Fisiologia Molecolare (IBFM)-CNR, Via F.lli Cervi 93, Segrate, Milan 20090, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Seaux L, Van Houcke S, Dumoulin E, Fiers T, Lecocq E, Delanghe JR. Dual-wavelength recording, a simple algorithm to eliminate interferences due to UV-absorbing substances in capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:2248-52. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liesbeth Seaux
- Department of Clinical Chemistry; Microbiology and Immunology; Ghent University Hospital; Ghent Belgium
| | - Sofie Van Houcke
- Department of Clinical Chemistry; Microbiology and Immunology; Ghent University Hospital; Ghent Belgium
| | - Els Dumoulin
- Department of Clinical Chemistry; Microbiology and Immunology; Ghent University Hospital; Ghent Belgium
| | - Tom Fiers
- Department of Clinical Chemistry; Microbiology and Immunology; Ghent University Hospital; Ghent Belgium
| | - Elke Lecocq
- Department of Clinical Chemistry; Microbiology and Immunology; Ghent University Hospital; Ghent Belgium
| | - Joris R. Delanghe
- Department of Clinical Chemistry; Microbiology and Immunology; Ghent University Hospital; Ghent Belgium
| |
Collapse
|