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Gavil NV, Cheng K, Masopust D. Resident memory T cells and cancer. Immunity 2024; 57:1734-1751. [PMID: 39142275 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells positively correlate with cancer survival, but the anti-tumor mechanisms underlying this relationship are not understood. This review reconciles these observations, summarizing concepts of T cell immunosurveillance, fundamental TRM cell biology, and clinical observations on the role of TRM cells in cancer and immunotherapy outcomes. We also discuss emerging strategies that utilize TRM-phenotype cells for patient diagnostics, staging, and therapy. Current challenges are highlighted, including a lack of standardized T cell nomenclature and our limited understanding of relationships between T cell markers and underlying tumor biology. Existing findings are integrated into a summary of the field while emphasizing opportunities for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Veis Gavil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Katarina Cheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - David Masopust
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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Jiang S, Su H. Exploration of the shared gene signatures and biological mechanisms between ischemia-reperfusion injury and antibody-mediated rejection in renal transplantation. Transpl Immunol 2024; 83:102001. [PMID: 38266883 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2024.102001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) plays a crucial role in graft loss during allogeneic renal transplantation. In renal transplantation, ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is unavoidable, serves as a major contributor to acute rejection, and is linked to graft loss. However, the mechanisms underlying IRI and ABMR are unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the shared genetic characteristics and biological mechanisms between IRI and ABMR. METHODS Gene expressions for IRI (GSE43974) and ABMR (GSE129166 and GSE36059) were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The shared differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of IRI and ABMR were identified, and subsequent functional enrichment analysis was performed. Immune cell infiltration in ABMR and its relationship with the shared DEGs were investigated using the CIBERSORT method. Random forest analysis, a protein-protein interaction network, and Cytoscape were used to screen hub genes, which were subsequently subjected to gene set enrichment analysis, miRNA prediction, and transcription factors analysis. The survival analysis was performed through Kaplan-Meier curves. Finally, drug compound prediction was performed on the shared DEGs using the Drug Signature Database. RESULTS Overall, 27 shared DEGs were identified between the renal IRI and ABMR groups. Among these, 24 genes exhibited increased co-expression, whereas none showed decreased co-expression. The shared DEGs were primarily enriched in the inflammation signaling pathways. Notably, CD4 memory T cells were identified as potential critical mediators of IRI, leading to ABMR. Tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3), interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1), and early growth response 2 (EGR2) were identified as key components in the potential mechanism that link IRI and ABMR. Patients undergoing renal transplantation with higher expression levels of TNFAIP3, IRF1, and EGR2 exhibited decreased survival rates compared to those with lower expression levels. CONCLUSION Inflammation is a key mechanism that links IRI and ABMR, with a potential role played by CD4 memory T cells. Furthermore, TNFAIP3, IRF1, and EGR2 are implicated in the underlying mechanism between IRI and ABMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hua Su
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Zhang P, Wu P, Khan UZ, Zhou Z, Sui X, Li C, Dong K, Liu Y, Qing L, Tang J. Exosomes derived from LPS-preconditioned bone marrow-derived MSC modulate macrophage plasticity to promote allograft survival via the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:332. [PMID: 37716974 PMCID: PMC10504750 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02087-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated whether exosomes from LPS pretreated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (LPS pre-MSCs) could prolong skin graft survival. METHODS The exosomes were isolated from the supernatant of MSCs pretreated with LPS. LPS pre-Exo and rapamycin were injected via the tail vein into C57BL/6 mice allografted with BALB/c skin; graft survival was observed and evaluated. The accumulation and polarization of macrophages were examined by immunohistochemistry. The differentiation of macrophages in the spleen was analyzed by flow cytometry. For in vitro, an inflammatory model was established. Specifically, bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were isolated and cultured with LPS (100 ng/ml) for 3 h, and were further treated with LPS pre-Exo for 24 h or 48 h. The molecular signaling pathway responsible for modulating inflammation was examined by Western blotting. The expressions of downstream inflammatory cytokines were determined by Elisa, and the polarization of macrophages was analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS LPS pre-Exo could better ablate inflammation compared to untreated MSC-derived exosomes (BM-Exo). These loaded factors inhibited the expressions of inflammatory factors via a negative feedback mechanism. In vivo, LPS pre-Exo significantly attenuated inflammatory infiltration, thus improving the survival of allogeneic skin graft. Flow cytometric analysis of BMDMs showed that LPS pre-Exo were involved in the regulation of macrophage polarization and immune homeostasis during inflammation. Further investigation revealed that the NF-κB/NLRP3/procaspase-1/IL-1β signaling pathway played a key role in LPS pre-Exo-mediated regulation of macrophage polarization. Inhibiting NF-κB in BMDMs could abolish the LPS-induced activation of inflammatory pathways and the polarization of M1 macrophages while increasing the proportion of M2 cells. CONCLUSION LPS pre-Exo are able to switch the polarization of macrophages and enhance the resolution of inflammation. This type of exosomes provides an improved immunotherapeutic potential in prolonging graft survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- PeiYao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Hand & Microsurgery Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Xiangy Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Panfeng Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Hand & Microsurgery Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Xiangy Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Umar Zeb Khan
- Department of Orthopedics, Hand & Microsurgery Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Xiangy Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Zekun Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Hand & Microsurgery Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Xiangy Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xinlei Sui
- Department of Orthopedics, Hand & Microsurgery Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Xiangy Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Hand & Microsurgery Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Xiangy Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Kangkang Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, Hand & Microsurgery Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Xiangy Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Hand & Microsurgery Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Xiangy Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Liming Qing
- Department of Orthopedics, Hand & Microsurgery Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Xiangy Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Juyu Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Hand & Microsurgery Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Xiangy Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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Li X, Wu J, Zhu S, Wei Q, Wang L, Chen J. Intragraft immune cells: accomplices or antagonists of recipient-derived macrophages in allograft fibrosis? Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:195. [PMID: 37395809 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04846-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Organ fibrosis caused by chronic allograft rejection is a major concern in the field of transplantation. Macrophage-to-myofibroblast transition plays a critical role in chronic allograft fibrosis. Adaptive immune cells (such as B and CD4+ T cells) and innate immune cells (such as neutrophils and innate lymphoid cells) participate in the occurrence of recipient-derived macrophages transformed to myofibroblasts by secreting cytokines, which eventually leads to fibrosis of the transplanted organ. This review provides an update on the latest progress in understanding the plasticity of recipient-derived macrophages in chronic allograft rejection. We discuss here the immune mechanisms of allograft fibrosis and review the reaction of immune cells in allograft. The interactions between immune cells and the process of myofibroblast formulation are being considered for the potential therapeutic targets of chronic allograft fibrosis. Therefore, research on this topic seems to provide novel clues for developing strategies for preventing and treating allograft fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Li
- Cancer Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
- Laboratory for Tumor Immunology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130061, Jilin, China
- Department of Pediatrics, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Cancer Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
- Laboratory for Tumor Immunology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130061, Jilin, China
| | - Shan Zhu
- Cancer Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
- Laboratory for Tumor Immunology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130061, Jilin, China
| | - Qiuyu Wei
- Laboratory for Tumor Immunology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130061, Jilin, China
| | - Liyan Wang
- Laboratory for Tumor Immunology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130061, Jilin, China
| | - Jingtao Chen
- Cancer Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
- Laboratory for Tumor Immunology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130061, Jilin, China.
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Guo Y, Mei Z, Li D, Banerjee A, Khalil MA, Burke A, Ritter J, Lau C, Kreisel D, Gelman AE, Jacobsen E, Luzina IG, Atamas SP, Krupnick AS. Ischemia reperfusion injury facilitates lung allograft acceptance through IL-33-mediated activation of donor-derived IL-5 producing group 2 innate lymphoid cells. Am J Transplant 2022; 22:1963-1975. [PMID: 35510760 PMCID: PMC9357103 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.17084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Pathways regulating lung alloimmune responses differ from most other solid organs and remain poorly explored. Based on our recent work identifying the unique role of eosinophils in downregulating lung alloimmunity, we sought to define pathways contributing to eosinophil migration and homeostasis. Using a murine lung transplant model, we have uncovered that immunosuppression increases eosinophil infiltration into the allograft in an IL-5-dependent manner. IL-5 production depends on immunosuppression-mediated preservation of donor-derived group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2). We further describe that ischemia reperfusion injury upregulates the expression of IL-33, which functions as the dominant and nonredundant mediator of IL-5 production by graft-resident ILC2. Our work thus identifies unique cellular mechanisms that contribute to lung allograft acceptance. Notably, ischemia reperfusion injury, widely considered to be solely deleterious to allograft survival, can also downregulate alloimmune responses by initiating unique pathways that promote IL-33/IL-5/eosinophil-mediated tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhan Guo
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland, Baltimore Maryland
| | - Zhongcheng Mei
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland, Baltimore Maryland
| | - Dongge Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland, Baltimore Maryland
| | - Anirban Banerjee
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland, Baltimore Maryland
| | - May A. Khalil
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland, Baltimore Maryland
| | - Allen Burke
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland, Baltimore Maryland
| | - Jon Ritter
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis Missouri
| | - Christine Lau
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland, Baltimore Maryland
| | - Daniel Kreisel
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis Missouri
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis Missouri
| | - Andrew E. Gelman
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis Missouri
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis Missouri
| | - Elizabeth Jacobsen
- Division of Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Irina G. Luzina
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore Maryland
| | - Sergei P. Atamas
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland, Baltimore Maryland
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Abstract
In this review, we summarize and discuss recent advances in understanding the characteristics of tissue-resident memory T cells (TRMs) in the context of solid organ transplantation (SOT). We first introduce the traditionally understood noncirculating features of TRMs and the key phenotypic markers that define this population, then provide a detailed discussion of emerging concepts on the recirculation and plasticity of TRM in mice and humans. We comment on the potential heterogeneity of transient, temporary resident, and permanent resident T cells and potential interchangeable phenotypes between TRM and effector T cells in nonlymphoid tissues. We review the literature on the distribution of TRM in human nonlymphoid organs and association of clinical outcomes in different types of SOT, including intestine, lung, liver, kidney, and heart. We focus on both tissue-specific and organ-shared features of donor- and recipient-derived TRMs after transplantation whenever applicable. Studies with comprehensive sample collection, including longitudinal and cross-sectional controls, and applied advanced techniques such as multicolor flow cytometry to distinguish donor and recipient TRMs, bulk, and single-cell T-cell receptor sequencing to track clonotypes and define transcriptome profiles, and functional readouts to define alloreactivity and proinflammatory/anti-inflammatory activities are emphasized. We also discuss important findings on the tissue-resident features of regulatory αβ T cells and unconventional γδ T cells after transplantation. Understanding of TRM in SOT is a rapidly growing field that urges future studies to address unresolved questions regarding their heterogeneity, plasticity, longevity, alloreactivity, and roles in rejection and tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Fu
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Megan Sykes
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, United States
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University, New York, United States
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Columbia University, New York, United States
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Lee J, Kim D, Min B. Tissue Resident Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells: Sentinels and Saboteurs in Health and Disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:865593. [PMID: 35359918 PMCID: PMC8963273 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.865593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells are a CD4 T cell subset with unique immune regulatory function that are indispensable in immunity and tolerance. Their indisputable importance has been investigated in numerous disease settings and experimental models. Despite the extensive efforts in determining the cellular and molecular mechanisms operating their functions, our understanding their biology especially in vivo remains limited. There is emerging evidence that Treg cells resident in the non-lymphoid tissues play a central role in regulating tissue homeostasis, inflammation, and repair. Furthermore, tissue-specific properties of those Treg cells that allow them to express tissue specific functions have been explored. In this review, we will discuss the potential mechanisms and key cellular/molecular factors responsible for the homeostasis and functions of tissue resident Treg cells under steady-state and inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyeun Lee
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Dongkyun Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Booki Min
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: Booki Min,
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Charmetant X, Bachelet T, Déchanet-Merville J, Walzer T, Thaunat O. Innate (and Innate-like) Lymphoid Cells: Emerging Immune Subsets With Multiple Roles Along Transplant Life. Transplantation 2021; 105:e322-e336. [PMID: 33859152 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Transplant immunology is currently largely focused on conventional adaptive immunity, particularly T and B lymphocytes, which have long been considered as the only cells capable of allorecognition. In this vision, except for the initial phase of ischemia/reperfusion, during which the role of innate immune effectors is well established, the latter are largely considered as "passive" players, recruited secondarily to amplify graft destruction processes during rejection. Challenging this prevalent dogma, the recent progresses in basic immunology have unraveled the complexity of the innate immune system and identified different subsets of innate (and innate-like) lymphoid cells. As most of these cells are tissue-resident, they are overrepresented among passenger leukocytes. Beyond their role in ischemia/reperfusion, some of these subsets have been shown to be capable of allorecognition and/or of regulating alloreactive adaptive responses, suggesting that these emerging immune players are actively involved in most of the life phases of the grafts and their recipients. Drawing upon the inventory of the literature, this review synthesizes the current state of knowledge of the role of the different innate (and innate-like) lymphoid cell subsets during ischemia/reperfusion, allorecognition, and graft rejection. How these subsets also contribute to graft tolerance and the protection of chronically immunosuppressed patients against infectious and cancerous complications is also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Charmetant
- CIRI, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Bachelet
- Clinique Saint-Augustin-CTMR, ELSAN, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantation, Dialysis and Apheresis, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Thierry Walzer
- CIRI, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Thaunat
- CIRI, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, Lyon, France
- Department of Transplantation, Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Lyon-Est Medical Faculty, Claude Bernard University (Lyon 1), Lyon, France
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Zhang Y, Ye S, Liu D, He W, Zhong Z, Ye Q, Xiong Y. Assessment of Donor Liver Pathology Predicts Survival After Liver Transplantation: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Transplant Proc 2021; 53:2963-2970. [PMID: 34736781 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2021.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aims of this study were to investigate the pathologic manifestation of pretransplant biopsy and to provide an accurate assessment method for liver graft of China Donation after Citizen's Death (CDCD). METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed based on clinical and biopsy data of 96 CDCD liver transplantations completed between January 2012 and December 2017. The pretransplant pathologic sections were semiquantitatively scored according to Banff Schema recommendations on liver allograft pathology. Graft overall survival (OS) and early allograft dysfunction (EAD) rates were observed. RESULTS The histologic analysis of the 96 CDCD liver graft biopsy specimens was summarized, including portal area neutrophilic infiltrate, macrovesicular steatosis, microvesicular steatosis, and hepatocellular swelling. Among these pathologic characteristics, only portal area neutrophilic infiltrate ≥20% was an independent risk factor for graft survival, although it has limited effect on the recipient's short-term prognosis. CONCLUSIONS We found that portal area neutrophilic infiltrate ≥20% was an independent risk factors for long-term graft survival. According to this criterion, we can identify liver transplant recipients at risk for poor prognosis and make timely interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaruo Zhang
- Wuhan University, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan Hubei, China
| | - Shaojun Ye
- Wuhan University, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan Hubei, China
| | - Dongjing Liu
- Wuhan University, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan Hubei, China
| | - Weiyang He
- Wuhan University, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan Hubei, China
| | - Zibiao Zhong
- Wuhan University, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan Hubei, China
| | - Qifa Ye
- Wuhan University, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan Hubei, China; The 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Research Center of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Transplantation Medicine Engineering and Technology, Changsha, China.
| | - Yan Xiong
- Wuhan University, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan Hubei, China.
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Kempkes RWM, Issa F. Research Highlights. Transplantation 2021; 105:1635-1636. [PMID: 37779261 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosalie W M Kempkes
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fadi Issa
- Transplantation Research and Immunology Group, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Mederacke YS, Nienen M, Jarek M, Geffers R, Hupa-Breier K, Babel N, Reinke P, Mederacke I, Vondran FWR, Jonigk D, Wedemeyer H, Jaeckel E. T cell receptor repertoires within liver allografts are different to those in the peripheral blood. J Hepatol 2021; 74:1167-1175. [PMID: 33347951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS T cells are the main mediators of allogeneic immune responses. Specific T cell clones can be tracked by their unique T cell receptor (TCR), but specificity and function remain elusive and have not been investigated in human liver biopsies thus far. METHODS TCR repertoire analysis of CD4+, CD8+, and regulatory T cells of the peripheral blood and liver graft was performed in 7 liver transplant recipients with either stable course (non-rejector, NR), subclinical cellular rejection (SCR), or acute cellular rejection (ACR) during an observation period from pre-transplant to 6 years post-transplant. Furthermore, donor-reactive T cells, identified by their expression of CD154 and glycoprotein A repetitions predominant (GARP) after allogeneic activation, were tracked longitudinally in peripheral blood and within the liver allograft. RESULTS Although overall clonality of the TCR repertoire did not increase in peripheral blood after liver transplantation, clonality of donor-reactive CD4+ and regulatory T cells increased and these clones accumulated within the liver graft. Surprisingly, the TCR repertoires between the liver graft and the periphery were distinct and showed only limited overlap. Notably, during ACR, TCR repertoires aligned suggesting either graft-specific homing or release of activated T cells from the graft. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study comparing TCR repertoires between liver grafts and blood in patients with NR, SCR, and ACR. Moreover, we attribute specificity and function to a subgroup of intragraft T cell populations. Given the limited overlap between peripheral blood and intragraft repertoires, future studies investigating function and specificities of T cells after liver transplantation should focus on the intragraft immune response. LAY SUMMARY In solid organ transplantation, T cells are key mediators of the recipient's immune response directed at the transplanted organ. In our study, we characterised the T cell repertoire in a cohort of 7 liver transplant recipients. We demonstrate that donor-specific T cells expand clonally and accumulate in the transplanted liver. Moreover, we show that the composition of T cells in peripheral blood differs from the T cells in the liver allograft, only aligning in the context of acute cellular rejection but not in normal graft or subclinical cellular rejection. This indicates that the intragraft immune response is not mirrored in the peripheral blood. Our findings clarify the importance of protocol liver biopsies in identifying intragraft immune responses for future investigations of allo-directed immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Seon Mederacke
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Mikalai Nienen
- Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin-Brandenburg, Berlin, Germany; Labor Berlin-Charité Vivantes GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Jarek
- Department of Genome Analytics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Robert Geffers
- Department of Genome Analytics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Katharina Hupa-Breier
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nina Babel
- Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin-Brandenburg, Berlin, Germany; Medical Department I, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Petra Reinke
- Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin-Brandenburg, Berlin, Germany; Center for Advanced Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Berlin-Brandenburg, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ingmar Mederacke
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Danny Jonigk
- Institute for Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heiner Wedemeyer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Elmar Jaeckel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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12
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Weiner J, Svetlicky N, Kang J, Sadat M, Khan K, Duttargi A, Stovroff M, Moturi S, Kara Balla A, Hyang Kwon D, Kallakury B, Hawksworth J, Subramanian S, Yazigi N, Kaufman S, Pasieka HB, Matsumoto CS, Robson SC, Pavletic S, Zasloff M, Fishbein TM, Kroemer A. CD69+ resident memory T cells are associated with graft-versus-host disease in intestinal transplantation. Am J Transplant 2021; 21:1878-1892. [PMID: 33226726 PMCID: PMC10364625 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is a common, morbid complication after intestinal transplantation (ITx) with poorly understood pathophysiology. Resident memory T cells (TRM ) are a recently described CD69+ memory T cell subset localizing to peripheral tissue. We observed that T effector memory cells (TEM ) in the blood increase during GvHD and hypothesized that they derive from donor graft CD69+TRM migrating into host blood and tissue. To probe this hypothesis, graft and blood lymphocytes from 10 ITx patients with overt GvHD and 34 without were longitudinally analyzed using flow cytometry. As hypothesized, CD4+ and CD8+CD69+TRM were significantly increased in blood and grafts of GvHD patients, alongside higher cytokine and activation marker expression. The majority of CD69+TRM were donor derived as determined by multiplex immunostaining. Notably, CD8/PD-1 was significantly elevated in blood prior to transplantation in patients who later had GvHD, and percentages of HLA-DR, CD57, PD-1, and naïve T cells differed significantly between GvHD patients who died vs. those who survived. Overall, we demonstrate that (1) there were significant increases in TEM at the time of GvHD, possibly of donor derivation; (2) donor TRM in the graft are a possible source; and (3) potential biomarkers for the development and prognosis of GvHD exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Weiner
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Nina Svetlicky
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Jiman Kang
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Mohammed Sadat
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Khalid Khan
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Anju Duttargi
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Merrill Stovroff
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Sangeetha Moturi
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Abdalla Kara Balla
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Dong Hyang Kwon
- Department of Pathology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Bhaskar Kallakury
- Department of Pathology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Jason Hawksworth
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia.,Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sukanya Subramanian
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Nada Yazigi
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Stuart Kaufman
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Helena B Pasieka
- Division of Dermatology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Cal S Matsumoto
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Simon C Robson
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Steven Pavletic
- National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Michael Zasloff
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Thomas M Fishbein
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Alexander Kroemer
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
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13
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Prosser A, Huang WH, Liu L, Dart S, Watson M, de Boer B, Kendrew P, Lucas A, Larma-Cornwall I, Gaudieri S, Jeffrey GP, Delriviere L, Kallies A, Lucas M. Dynamic changes to tissue-resident immunity after MHC-matched and MHC-mismatched solid organ transplantation. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109141. [PMID: 34010637 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The heterogeneous pool of tissue-resident lymphocytes in solid organs mediates infection responses and supports tissue integrity and repair. Their vital functions in normal physiology suggest an important role in solid organ transplantation; however, their detailed examination in this context has not been performed. Here, we report the fate of multiple lymphocyte subsets, including T, B, and innate lymphoid cells, after murine liver and heart transplantation. In major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-matched transplantation, donor lymphocytes are retained in liver grafts and peripheral lymphoid organs of heart and liver transplant recipients. In MHC-mismatched transplantation, increased infiltration of the graft by recipient cells and depletion of donor lymphocytes occur, which can be prevented by removal of recipient T and B cells. Recipient lymphocytes fail to recreate the native organs' phenotypically diverse tissue-resident lymphocyte composition, even in MHC-matched models. These post-transplant changes may leave grafts vulnerable to infection and impair long-term graft function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Prosser
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Wen Hua Huang
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; Western Australian Liver and Kidney Transplant Service, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Liu Liu
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Sarah Dart
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Monalyssa Watson
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Bastiaan de Boer
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Pathwest Laboratory Medicine, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Philip Kendrew
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Pathwest Laboratory Medicine, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Andrew Lucas
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Irma Larma-Cornwall
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Silvana Gaudieri
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Gary P Jeffrey
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; Western Australian Liver and Kidney Transplant Service, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Luc Delriviere
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; Western Australian Liver and Kidney Transplant Service, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Axel Kallies
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Michaela Lucas
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; Department of Immunology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital and Pathwest Laboratory Medicine, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
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14
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Yu S, Dangi A, Burnette M, Abecassis MM, Thorp EB, Luo X. Acute murine cytomegalovirus disrupts established transplantation tolerance and causes recipient allo-sensitization. Am J Transplant 2021; 21:515-524. [PMID: 32659030 PMCID: PMC7855505 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We have previously shown that acute cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection disrupts the induction of transplantation tolerance. However, what impact acute CMV infection would have on the maintenance of established tolerance and on subsequent recipient allo-sensitization is a clinically important unanswered question. Here we used an allogeneic murine islet transplantation tolerance model to examine the impact of acute CMV infection on: (a) disruption of established transplantation tolerance during tolerance maintenance; and (b) the possibility of recipient allo-sensitization by CMV-mediated disruption of stable tolerance. We demonstrated that acute CMV infection abrogated transplantation tolerance during the maintenance stage in 50%-60% recipients. We further demonstrated that acute CMV infection-mediated tolerance disruption led to recipient allo-sensitization by reverting the tolerant state of allo-specific T cells and promoting their differentiation to allo-specific memory cells. Consequently, a second same-donor islet allograft was rejected in an accelerated fashion by these recipients. Our study therefore supports close monitoring for allo-sensitization in previously tolerant transplant recipients in whom tolerance maintenance is disrupted by an episode of acute CMV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjin Yu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina,Division of Organ transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Anil Dangi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Melanie Burnette
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Edward B. Thorp
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Xunrong Luo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina,Duke Transplant Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
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15
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El-Ansary M, Saadi G, Hassaballa M, Zidan M, Abdel Fattah W, Kelany AK, Hanna MOF. Donor cell microchimerism in kidney transplantation: Implications for graft function. Int J Immunogenet 2020; 47:494-500. [PMID: 32881306 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Given the uncertainty regarding the relationship between donor cells at microchimeric levels and its influence on graft function and clinical outcome, we explored the extent and importance of donor microchimerism in kidney transplantation. Twenty patients with chronic kidney disease who had received allografts from living donors were studied. We examined peripheral whole blood samples from the recipients one month after the transplant, applying mitochondrial DNA variant-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify and quantify donor cells in relation to allograft function and survival during three years of follow-up. Higher quantities of donor-derived cell microchimerism in the peripheral blood correlated with better graft function in the early postoperative period at 1 month (R2 = .536, p = .001) and predicted improved graft function 1 year following the transplant (R2 = .430, p = .008). Furthermore, early post-transplant quantities of donor cell microchimerism were an important predictor of improved kidney function 3 years after transplantation (R2 = .397, p = .021). However, donor cell microchimerism failed to predict patient and graft survival after 3 years (odds ratio = 0.536, p = .860). Our findings suggest that donor cell microchimerism plays an immunoregulatory role in kidney transplantation and contributes to donor-specific immune hypo-responsiveness and graft acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervat El-Ansary
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gamal Saadi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - May Hassaballa
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Zidan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa Abdel Fattah
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayda K Kelany
- Genome Unit, Kasr El-Aini, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mariam Onsy F Hanna
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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16
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Calvani J, Terada M, Lesaffre C, Eloudzeri M, Lamarthée B, Burger C, Tinel C, Anglicheau D, Vermorel A, Couzi L, Loupy A, Duong Van Huyen JP, Bruneval P, Rabant M. In situ multiplex immunofluorescence analysis of the inflammatory burden in kidney allograft rejection: A new tool to characterize the alloimmune response. Am J Transplant 2020; 20:942-953. [PMID: 31715060 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.15699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The exact composition of leukocyte infiltration during kidney allograft rejection is difficult to comprehend and visualize on the same biopsy slide. Using an innovative technology of multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF), we were able to detect simultaneously NK cells, macrophages, and T cells and to determine their intra- or extravascular localization using an endothelial marker. Twenty antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR), 20 T cell-mediated rejection (TCMR), and five normal biopsies were labeled, with automatic leukocyte quantification and localization. This method was compared to a classic NKp46 immunohistochemistry (IHC) with manual quantification and to mRNA quantification. mIF automatic quantification was strongly correlated to IHC (r = .91, P < .001) and to mRNA expression levels (r > .46, P < .021). T cells and macrophages were the 2 predominant populations involved in rejection (48.0 ± 4.4% and 49.3 ± 4.4%, respectively, in ABMR; 51.8 ± 6.0% and 45.3 ± 5.8% in TCMR). NK cells constituted a rare population in both ABMR (2.7 ± 0.7%) and TCMR (2.9 ± 0.6%). The intravascular compartment was mainly composed of T cells, including during ABMR, in peritubular and glomerular capillaries. However, NK cell and macrophage densities were significantly higher during ABMR in glomerular and peritubular capillaries. To conclude, this study demonstrates the feasibility and utility of mIF imaging to study and better understand the kidney allograft rejection process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Calvani
- INSERM U970, Paris, France.,Department of Pathology, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Megumi Terada
- INSERM U970, Paris, France.,Department of Pathology, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | | | - Maëva Eloudzeri
- Department of Pathology, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,INSERM U1151, Paris, France
| | | | - Carole Burger
- INSERM U1151, Paris, France.,Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Claire Tinel
- INSERM U1151, Paris, France.,Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Dany Anglicheau
- INSERM U1151, Paris, France.,Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Agathe Vermorel
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantation, Dialysis and Apheresis, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM U5164, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lionel Couzi
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantation, Dialysis and Apheresis, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM U5164, Bordeaux, France
| | - Alexandre Loupy
- INSERM U970, Paris, France.,Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Paul Duong Van Huyen
- INSERM U970, Paris, France.,Department of Pathology, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Bruneval
- INSERM U970, Paris, France.,Department of Pathology, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Marion Rabant
- Department of Pathology, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,INSERM U1151, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France
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17
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Local heroes or villains: tissue-resident memory T cells in human health and disease. Cell Mol Immunol 2020; 17:113-122. [PMID: 31969685 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-019-0359-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells are increasingly associated with the outcomes of health and disease. TRM cells can mediate local immune protection against infections and cancer, which has led to interest in TRM cells as targets for vaccination and immunotherapies. However, these cells have also been implicated in mediating detrimental pro-inflammatory responses in autoimmune skin diseases such as psoriasis, alopecia areata, and vitiligo. Here, we summarize the biology of TRM cells established in animal models and in translational human studies. We review the beneficial effects of TRM cells in mediating protective responses against infection and cancer and the adverse role of TRM cells in driving pathology in autoimmunity. A further understanding of the breadth and mechanisms of TRM cell activity is essential for the safe design of strategies that manipulate TRM cells, such that protective responses can be enhanced without unwanted tissue damage, and pathogenic TRM cells can be eliminated without losing local immunity.
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18
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Cross A, Issa F. Research Highlights. Transplantation 2019. [DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Hua D, Ju Z, Gan X, Wang Q, Luo C, Gu J, Yu Y. Human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells alleviate acute liver injury by inhibiting the pro-inflammatory response of liver resident macrophage through autophagy. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:392. [PMID: 31555706 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.08.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background The activation and polarization of macrophages are crucial during the pathogenesis of liver injury induced by the toxin. Human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMSCs) are newly identified mesenchymal stem cells and have been shown to have an immunoregulatory ability for multiple autoimmune diseases. Methods Mice were intraperitoneally injected with Acetaminophen (APAP) to establish a liver injury model. hAMSCs were injected through the tail vein, and the liver function was observed through a liver function and pathology analysis. To test the regulative ability of hAMSCs in vitro, the supernatant of hAMSCs were collected and co-cultured with Kupffer cells (KCs). Liposome was used to abolish the function of KCs in vivo. Results Infusion of hAMSCs reduced the level of liver function injury and inflammation expression in APAP-induced liver injury. hAMSCs markedly promoted M2 polarization of KCs instead of M1 polarization in vitro. Furthermore, the mechanism study also proved that hAMSCs reduced autophagy, as revealed by down-regulated LC3B-II levels. The elimination of KCs in vivo abolished the protective ability of hAMSCs in liver injury, which resulted in a significant increase of liver pathogenesis along with an increase in alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransaminase (AST) levels. Conclusions Our results proved that hAMSCs suppressed M1 polarization and promoted M2 polarization of KCs through regulating autophagy in the model of APAP-treated livers. Thus, the injury of the liver was attenuated. This study provides us a new therapeutic strategy for the disease of acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Hua
- The First School of Clinical Medicine & Hepatobiliary Center of First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210000, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Zheng Ju
- The First School of Clinical Medicine & Hepatobiliary Center of First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210000, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Nanjing 210000, China.,Translational Medicine Research Center of Affiliated Jiangning Hospital, Liver Transplantation Center of First Affiliated Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Xiaojie Gan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine & Hepatobiliary Center of First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210000, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Nanjing 210000, China.,Translational Medicine Research Center of Affiliated Jiangning Hospital, Liver Transplantation Center of First Affiliated Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Qi Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine & Hepatobiliary Center of First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210000, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Nanjing 210000, China.,Translational Medicine Research Center of Affiliated Jiangning Hospital, Liver Transplantation Center of First Affiliated Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Chenghuan Luo
- The First School of Clinical Medicine & Hepatobiliary Center of First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210000, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Jian Gu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine & Hepatobiliary Center of First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210000, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Yue Yu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine & Hepatobiliary Center of First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210000, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Nanjing 210000, China
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20
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Snell G, Hiho S, Levvey B, Sullivan L, Westall G. Consequences of donor-derived passengers (pathogens, cells, biological molecules and proteins) on clinical outcomes. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019; 38:902-906. [PMID: 31307786 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is recognized that donor factors contribute to lung transplant outcomes. Recent observations and studies have started to elucidate potential mechanisms behind explaining these observations. This perspective piece summarizes evolving lung transplant literature on the subject, focusing on donor "passenger" organisms, cells, hormones, and proteins transferred to the recipient. Many extrinsic and intrinsic donor features or properties have important consequences for subsequent allograft function in the recipient. Potentially, a better understanding of these features may provide useful novel therapeutic targets to enhance allograft outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Snell
- Lung Transplant Service, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Steven Hiho
- Lung Transplant Service, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Victorian Transplantation and Immunogenetics Service, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bronwyn Levvey
- Lung Transplant Service, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lucy Sullivan
- Lung Transplant Service, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Glen Westall
- Lung Transplant Service, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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21
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Characterization of donor and recipient CD8+ tissue-resident memory T cells in transplant nephrectomies. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5984. [PMID: 30979940 PMCID: PMC6461670 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42401-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells are characterized by their surface expression of CD69 and can be subdivided in CD103+ and CD103− TRM cells. The origin and functional characteristics of TRM cells in the renal allograft are largely unknown. To determine these features we studied TRM cells in transplant nephrectomies. TRM cells with a CD103+ and CD103− phenotype were present in all samples (n = 13) and were mainly CD8+ T cells. Of note, donor-derived TRM cells were only detectable in renal allografts that failed in the first month after transplantation. Grafts, which failed later, mainly contained recipient derived TRM cells. The gene expression profiles of the recipient derived CD8+ TRM cells were studied in more detail and showed a previously described signature of tissue residence within both CD103+ and CD103− TRM cells. All CD8+ TRM cells had strong effector abilities through the production of IFNγ and TNFα, and harboured high levels of intracellular granzyme B and low levels of perforin. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that donor and recipient TRM cells reside in the rejected renal allograft. Over time, the donor-derived TRM cells are replaced by recipient TRM cells which have features that enables these cells to aggressively respond to the allograft.
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22
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Cangemi M, Montico B, Faè DA, Steffan A, Dolcetti R. Dissecting the Multiplicity of Immune Effects of Immunosuppressive Drugs to Better Predict the Risk of de novo Malignancies in Solid Organ Transplant Patients. Front Oncol 2019; 9:160. [PMID: 30972289 PMCID: PMC6445870 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
De novo malignancies constitute an emerging cause of morbidity after solid organ transplant (SOT), significantly affecting the long-term survival of transplant recipients. Pharmacologic immunosuppression may functionally impair the immunosurveillance in these patients, thereby increasing the risk of cancer development. Nevertheless, the multiplicity and heterogeneity of the immune effects induced by immunosuppressive drugs limit the current possibilities to reliably predict the risk of de novo malignancy in SOT patients. Therefore, there is the pressing need to better characterize the immune dysfunctions induced by the different immunosuppressive regimens administered to prevent allograft rejection to tailor more precisely the therapeutic schedule and decrease the risk of de novo malignancies. We herein highlight the impact exerted by different classes of immunosuppressants on the most relevant immune cells, with a particular focus on the effects on dendritic cells (DCs), the main regulators of the balance between immunosurveillance and tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Cangemi
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Translational Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Barbara Montico
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Translational Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Damiana A Faè
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Translational Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Agostino Steffan
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Translational Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Riccardo Dolcetti
- Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Liver Perfusate Natural Killer Cells From Deceased Brain Donors and Association With Acute Cellular Rejection After Liver Transplantation: A Time-to-Rejection Analysis. Transplantation 2019; 103:371-380. [DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000002322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Martin-Moreno PL, Tripathi S, Chandraker A. Regulatory T Cells and Kidney Transplantation. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2018; 13:1760-1764. [PMID: 29789350 PMCID: PMC6237070 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.01750218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The ability of the immune system to differentiate self from nonself is critical in determining the immune response to antigens expressed on transplanted tissue. Even with conventional immunosuppression, acceptance of the allograft is an active process often determined by the presence of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Tregs classically are CD4+ cells that constitutively express high levels of the IL-2 receptor α chain CD25, along with the transcription factor Foxp3. The use of Tregs in the field of solid organ transplantation is related specifically to the objective of achieving tolerance, with the goal of reducing or eliminating immunosuppressive drugs as well as maintaining tissue repair and managing acute rejection. A key issue in clinical use of Tregs is how to effectively expand the number of Tregs, either through increasing numbers of endogenous Tregs or by the direct infusion of exogenously expanded Tregs. In order to realize the benefits of Treg therapy in solid organ transplantation, a number of outstanding challenges need to be overcome, including assuring an effective expansion of Tregs, improving long-term Treg stability and reduction of risk-related to off-target, nonspecific, immunosuppressive effects related specially to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Leticia Martin-Moreno
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and
- Nephrology Department, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sudipta Tripathi
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Anil Chandraker
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and
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