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Simpson JB, Walker ME, Sekela JJ, Ivey SM, Jariwala PB, Storch CM, Kowalewski ME, Graboski AL, Lietzan AD, Walton WG, Davis KA, Cloer EW, Borlandelli V, Hsiao YC, Roberts LR, Perlman DH, Liang X, Overkleeft HS, Bhatt AP, Lu K, Redinbo MR. Gut microbial β-glucuronidases influence endobiotic homeostasis and are modulated by diverse therapeutics. Cell Host Microbe 2024; 32:925-944.e10. [PMID: 38754417 PMCID: PMC11176022 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Hormones and neurotransmitters are essential to homeostasis, and their disruptions are connected to diseases ranging from cancer to anxiety. The differential reactivation of endobiotic glucuronides by gut microbial β-glucuronidase (GUS) enzymes may influence interindividual differences in the onset and treatment of disease. Using multi-omic, in vitro, and in vivo approaches, we show that germ-free mice have reduced levels of active endobiotics and that distinct gut microbial Loop 1 and FMN GUS enzymes drive hormone and neurotransmitter reactivation. We demonstrate that a range of FDA-approved drugs prevent this reactivation by intercepting the catalytic cycle of the enzymes in a conserved fashion. Finally, we find that inhibiting GUS in conventional mice reduces free serotonin and increases its inactive glucuronide in the serum and intestines. Our results illuminate the indispensability of gut microbial enzymes in sustaining endobiotic homeostasis and indicate that therapeutic disruptions of this metabolism promote interindividual response variabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua B Simpson
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Morgan E Walker
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Joshua J Sekela
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Samantha M Ivey
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Parth B Jariwala
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Cameron M Storch
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mark E Kowalewski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Amanda L Graboski
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Adam D Lietzan
- Division of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - William G Walton
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kacey A Davis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Erica W Cloer
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Valentina Borlandelli
- Department of Bioorganic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Yun-Chung Hsiao
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Lee R Roberts
- Exploratory Science Center, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
| | - David H Perlman
- Exploratory Science Center, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
| | - Xue Liang
- Exploratory Science Center, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
| | - Hermen S Overkleeft
- Department of Bioorganic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Aadra P Bhatt
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kun Lu
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Matthew R Redinbo
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Formica M, Ferko B, Marsh T, Davidson TA, Yamazaki K, Dixon DJ. Second Generation Catalytic Enantioselective Nucleophilic Desymmetrization at Phosphorus (V): Improved Generality, Efficiency and Modularity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400673. [PMID: 38381534 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
A broadly improved second generation catalytic two-phase strategy for the enantioselective synthesis of stereogenic at phosphorus (V) compounds is described. This protocol, consisting of a bifunctional iminophosphorane (BIMP) catalyzed nucleophilic desymmetrization of prochiral, bench stable P(V) precursors and subsequent enantiospecific substitution allows for divergent access to a wide range of C-, N-, O- and S- substituted P(V) containing compounds from a handful of enantioenriched intermediates. A new ureidopeptide BIMP catalyst/thiaziolidinone leaving group combination allowed for a far wider substrate scope and increased reaction efficiency and practicality over previously established protocols. The resulting enantioenriched intermediates could then be transformed into an even greater range of distinct classes of P(V) compounds by displacement of the remaining leaving group as well as allowing for even further diversification downstream. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to pinpoint the origin of enantioselectivity for the BIMP-catalyzed desymmetrization, to rationalize how a superior catalyst/leaving group combination leads to increased generality in our second-generation catalytic system, as well as shed light onto observed stereochemical retention and inversion pathways when performing late-stage enantiospecific SN2@P reactions with Grignard reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Formica
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA, Oxford, UK
| | - Branislav Ferko
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA, Oxford, UK
| | - Thomas Marsh
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA, Oxford, UK
| | - Timothy A Davidson
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA, Oxford, UK
| | - Ken Yamazaki
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Okayama University, Tsushimanaka, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Darren J Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA, Oxford, UK
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Asaad GF, Mostafa RE. Amelioration of acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats by cetirizine and loratadine via regulation of the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 signalling pathway and pro-inflammatory cytokine release. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 27:761-767. [PMID: 38645494 PMCID: PMC11024406 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2024.75889.16426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes inflammation and ulcers in the rectum and the innermost layer of the large intestine. Our study aimed to elucidate the ameliorative effect of cetirizine (CTZ) and loratadine (LOR) against acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats via assessment of the PI3K/p-Akt/Nrf2 signaling pathway and proinflammatory cytokine release. Materials and Methods Thirty-two rats were allocated into four groups (n=8). Group (I) was considered normal control. Acetic acid (AA) was injected intrarectally in groups (2-4). Group (2) was kept untreated. Group (3) was administered CTZ (20 mg/kg/day) for 7 days. Group (4) was administered LOR (10 mg/kg/day) for 7 days. Results AA showed severe macroscopic colonic lesions associated with increased ulcer number, area, and severity with significantly elevated PI3K, p-Akt, Nrf2, TNF-α, and IL-6 in colorectal tissue as compared to the normal control group. All the aforementioned indicators were greatly improved by CTZ and LOR therapy. Conclusion This is the first study to elucidate the ameliorative effect of CTZ and LOR against AA-induced UC in rats. CTZ and LOR treatment mitigates UC via amelioration of the PI3K/p-Akt/Nrf2 pathway and proinflammatory cytokine release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gihan F. Asaad
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha E. Mostafa
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Tang SW, Helmeste DM, Leonard BE. COVID-19 as a polymorphic inflammatory spectrum of diseases: a review with focus on the brain. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2023; 35:248-269. [PMID: 36861428 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2023.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
There appear to be huge variations and aberrations in the reported data in COVID-19 2 years now into the pandemic. Conflicting data exist at almost every level and also in the reported epidemiological statistics across different regions. It is becoming clear that COVID-19 is a polymorphic inflammatory spectrum of diseases, and there is a wide range of inflammation-related pathology and symptoms in those infected with the virus. The host's inflammatory response to COVID-19 appears to be determined by genetics, age, immune status, health status and stage of disease. The interplay of these factors may decide the magnitude, duration, types of pathology, symptoms and prognosis in the spectrum of COVID-19 disorders, and whether neuropsychiatric disorders continue to be significant. Early and successful management of inflammation reduces morbidity and mortality in all stages of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siu Wa Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute of Brain Medicine, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daiga Maret Helmeste
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute of Brain Medicine, Hong Kong, China
| | - Brian E Leonard
- Institute of Brain Medicine, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pharmacology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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Perez MG, Tanasie G, Neree AT, Suarez NG, Lafortune C, Paquin J, Marcocci L, Pietrangeli P, Annabi B, Mateescu MA. P19-derived neuronal cells express H 1, H 2, and H 3 histamine receptors: a biopharmaceutical approach to evaluate antihistamine agents. Amino Acids 2023:10.1007/s00726-023-03273-6. [PMID: 37171719 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03273-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Histamine is a biogenic amine implicated in various biological and pathological processes. Convenient cellular models are needed to screen and develop new antihistamine agents. This report aimed to characterize the response of neurons differentiated from mouse P19 embryonal carcinoma cells to histamine treatment, and to investigate the modulation of this response by antihistamine drugs, vegetal diamine oxidase, and catalase. The exposure of P19 neurons to histamine reduced cell viability to 65% maximally. This effect involves specific histamine receptors, since it was prevented by treatment with desloratadine and cimetidine, respectively, H1 and H2 antagonists, but not by the H3 antagonist ciproxifan. RT-PCR analysis showed that P19 neurons express H1 and H2 receptors, and the H3 receptor, although it seemed not involved in the histamine effect on these cells. The H4 receptor was not expressed. H1 and H2 antagonists as well as vegetal diamine oxidase diminished the intracellular Ca2+ mobilization triggered by histamine. The treatment with vegetal diamine oxidase or catalase protected against mortality and a significant reduction of H2O2 level, generated from the cells under the histamine action, was found upon treatments with desloratadine, cimetidine, vegetal diamine oxidase, or catalase. Overall, the results indicate the expression of functional histamine receptors and open the possibility of using P19 neurons as model system to study the roles of histamine and related drugs in neuronal pathogenesis. This model is less expensive to operate and can be easily implemented by current laboratories of analysis and by Contract Research Organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela Gomez Perez
- Department of Chemistry and CERMO FC Center, Université du Québec à Montréal, C. P. 8888, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Georgiana Tanasie
- Department of Chemistry and CERMO FC Center, Université du Québec à Montréal, C. P. 8888, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Armelle Tchoumi Neree
- Department of Chemistry and CERMO FC Center, Université du Québec à Montréal, C. P. 8888, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Narjara Gonzalez Suarez
- Department of Chemistry and CERMO FC Center, Université du Québec à Montréal, C. P. 8888, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
- Chaire en Prévention et Traitement du Cancer, Université du Québec à Montréal, C. P. 8888, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Clara Lafortune
- Department of Chemistry and CERMO FC Center, Université du Québec à Montréal, C. P. 8888, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Joanne Paquin
- Department of Chemistry and CERMO FC Center, Université du Québec à Montréal, C. P. 8888, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Lucia Marcocci
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Pietrangeli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Borhane Annabi
- Department of Chemistry and CERMO FC Center, Université du Québec à Montréal, C. P. 8888, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
- Chaire en Prévention et Traitement du Cancer, Université du Québec à Montréal, C. P. 8888, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Mircea Alexandru Mateescu
- Department of Chemistry and CERMO FC Center, Université du Québec à Montréal, C. P. 8888, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada.
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Simon M, Heard K. Are antimuscarinic effects common in hydroxyzine overdose? A cohort analysis of antimuscarinic effects in hydroxyzine and diphenhydramine-poisoned patients. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2023; 61:379-386. [PMID: 37194685 DOI: 10.1080/15563650.2023.2200575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exposures to hydroxyzine, a first-generation H1 antihistamine, have increased rapidly over the last two decades. Many assumptions about hydroxyzine poisoning are based on other antihistamines, like diphenhydramine. However, the receptor affinities of hydroxazine suggest that there should be fewer antimuscarinic findings than diphenhydramine. METHODS This was a cohort study that compared hydroxyzine and diphenhydramine exposures reported to the National Poison Data System between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2020, and the Toxicologic Investigators Consortium Core Registry between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2020. The primary outcome was to assess for antimuscarinic findings in hydroxyzine-poisoned patients, using diphenhydramine-poisoned patients as a comparison group. The secondary outcomes were to assess for markers of overall toxicity. Inclusion criteria were single-substance exposures with known outcomes. Exclusion criteria for National Poison Data System exposures were chronic exposures, unintentional exposures, and patients younger than 12 years old. There were no exclusion criteria for exposures reported to the Toxicologic Investigators Consortium Core Registry. RESULTS There were 17,265 hydroxyzine and 102,354 diphenhydramine exposures reported to the National Poison Data System and 134 hydroxyzine and 1,484 diphenhydramine exposures reported to the Toxicologic Investigators Consortium Core Registry that met inclusion criteria. In both datasets, hydroxyzine-poisoned patients had lower rates and relative risk of developing antimuscarinic findings or receiving physostigmine, with the exception of hyperthermia in the Toxicologic Investigators Consortium Core Registry dataset. Coma/central nervous system depression (major), respiratory depression, seizures, ventricular dysrhythmias, intubation, and benzodiazepine administration were less likely in hydroxyzine-poisoned patients, but central nervous system depression (mild) was more likely in exposures reported to the National Poison Data System. The mortality in hydroxyzine-poisoned patients was rare: 0.02% and 0.8% of exposures reported to the National Poison Data System and Toxicologic Investigators Consortium Core Registry, respectively. DISCUSSION The clinical manifestations of hydroxyzine exposures are consistent with the pharmacology of hydroxazine. The clinical effects were consistent across two United States national datasets. Clinicians should not generalize the illness script of diphenhydramine exposures to hydroxyzine exposures. CONCLUSIONS Hydroxyzine-poisoned patients were less likely to develop antimuscarinic findings than diphenhydramine-poisoned patients. Hydroxyzine-poisoned patients were more likely to have mild central nervous system depression than an antimuscarinic toxidrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Simon
- Rocky Mountain Poison & Drug Safety, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Kennon Heard
- Rocky Mountain Poison & Drug Safety, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, CO, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of CO Hospital, Aurora, CO, USA
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Chen W, Liu P, Liu D, Huang H, Feng X, Fang F, Li L, Wu J, Liu L, Solow-Cordero DE, Hu Y. Maprotiline restores ER homeostasis and rescues neurodegeneration via Histamine Receptor H1 inhibition in retinal ganglion cells. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6796. [PMID: 36357388 PMCID: PMC9649812 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34682-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
When the protein or calcium homeostasis of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is adversely altered, cells experience ER stress that leads to various diseases including neurodegeneration. Genetic deletion of an ER stress downstream effector, CHOP, significantly protects neuron somata and axons. Here we report that three tricyclic compounds identified through a small-scale high throughput screening using a CHOP promoter-driven luciferase cell-based assay, effectively inhibit ER stress by antagonizing their common target, histamine receptor H1 (HRH1). We further demonstrated that systemic administration of one of these compounds, maprotiline, or CRISPR-mediated retinal ganglion cell (RGC)-specific HRH1 inhibition, delivers considerable neuroprotection of both RGC somata and axons and preservation of visual function in two mouse optic neuropathy models. Finally, we determine that maprotiline restores ER homeostasis by inhibiting HRH1-mediated Ca2+ release from ER. In this work we establish maprotiline as a candidate neuroprotectant and HRH1 as a potential therapeutic target for glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Present Address: Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Pingting Liu
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
| | - Dong Liu
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
| | - Haoliang Huang
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
| | - Xue Feng
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
| | - Fang Fang
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA ,grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208Present Address: Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011 China
| | - Liang Li
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
| | - Jian Wu
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA ,grid.414373.60000 0004 1758 1243Present Address: Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Liang Liu
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
| | - David E. Solow-Cordero
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956High-Throughput Bioscience Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305 USA
| | - Yang Hu
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
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Large-Scale Identification of Multiple Classes of Host Defense Peptide-Inducing Compounds for Antimicrobial Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158400. [PMID: 35955551 PMCID: PMC9368921 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid emergence of antibiotic resistance demands new antimicrobial strategies that are less likely to develop resistance. Augmenting the synthesis of endogenous host defense peptides (HDPs) has been proven to be an effective host-directed therapeutic approach. This study aimed to identify small-molecule compounds with a strong ability to induce endogenous HDP synthesis for further development as novel antimicrobial agents. By employing a stable HDP promoter-driven luciferase reporter cell line known as HTC/AvBD9-luc, we performed high-throughput screening of 5002 natural and synthetic compounds and identified 110 hits with a minimum Z-score of 2.0. Although they were structurally and functionally diverse, half of these hits were inhibitors of class I histone deacetylases, the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway, ion channels, and dopamine and serotonin receptors. Further validations revealed mocetinostat, a benzamide histone deacetylase inhibitor, to be highly potent in enhancing the expression of multiple HDP genes in chicken macrophage cell lines and jejunal explants. Importantly, mocetinostat was more efficient than entinostat and tucidinostat, two structural analogs, in promoting HDP gene expression and the antibacterial activity of chicken macrophages. Taken together, mocetinostat, with its ability to enhance HDP synthesis and the antibacterial activity of host cells, could be potentially developed as a novel antimicrobial for disease control and prevention.
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Gellrich D, Pfab F, Ortiz M, Binting S, Brinkhaus B, Gröger M. Acupuncture and its effect on cytokine and chemokine profiles in seasonal allergic rhinitis: a preliminary three-armed, randomized, controlled trial. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 279:4985-4995. [PMID: 35301577 PMCID: PMC8929452 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-022-07335-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Numerous studies have demonstrated effectiveness for acupuncture in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR). However, the underlying mechanism remains still unclear. Methods 29 SAR patients were recruited from a large randomized, controlled trial investigating the efficacy of acupuncture in SAR. 16 patients were treated by acupuncture plus rescue medication (RM, cetirizine), 6 patients received sham acupuncture plus RM and 8 patients RM alone over 8 weeks. Patients were blinded to the allocation to real or sham acupuncture. At baseline and different time-points during intervention, plasma and nasal concentration of mediators of various biological functions were determined in addition to validated disease-specific questionnaires. Results The concentration of biomarkers related to the Th1-, Th2-, and Treg-cluster was not changed in patients who received acupuncture, in neither plasma nor nasal fluid. However, with respect to eotaxin and some unspecific pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1b, IL-8, IP-10, MIP-1b, MCP-1), acupuncture led to a, partially significantly, lower nasal concentration than sham acupuncture or RM. Furthermore, the nasal symptom score was significantly reduced in patients only after real acupuncture. Conclusion In SAR, acupuncture reduces the intranasal unspecific inflammation, but does not seem to act immunologically on the Th1–Th2-imbalance. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00405-022-07335-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donata Gellrich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Florian Pfab
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Medical Center Residenz, Residenzstraße 9, Munich, Germany
| | - Miriam Ortiz
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitält, Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Economics, Campus Charité Mitte (CCM), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sylvia Binting
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitält, Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Economics, Campus Charité Mitte (CCM), Berlin, Germany
| | - Benno Brinkhaus
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitält, Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Economics, Campus Charité Mitte (CCM), Berlin, Germany
| | - Moritz Gröger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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10
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Conrad M, Söldner CA, Sticht H. Effect of Ions and Sequence Variants on the Antagonist Binding Properties of the Histamine H 1 Receptor. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031420. [PMID: 35163341 PMCID: PMC8836275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The histamine H1 receptor (H1R) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and represents a main target in the treatment of allergic reactions as well as inflammatory reactions and depressions. Although the overall effect of antagonists on H1 function has been extensively investigated, rather little is known about the potential modulatory effect of ions or sequence variants on antagonist binding. We investigated the dynamics of a phosphate ion present in the crystal structure and of a sodium ion, for which we determined the position in the allosteric pocket by metadynamics simulations. Both types of ions exhibit significant dynamics within their binding site; however, some key contacts remain stable over the simulation time, which might be exploited to develop more potent drugs targeting these sites. The dynamics of the ions is almost unaffected by the presence or absence of doxepin, as also reflected in their small effect (less than 1 kcal·mol-1) on doxepin binding affinity. We also examined the effect of four H1R sequence variants observed in the human population on doxepin binding. These variants cause a reduction in doxepin affinity of up to 2.5 kcal·mol-1, indicating that personalized medical treatments that take into account individual mutation patterns could increase precision in the dosage of GPCR-targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Conrad
- Division of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (M.C.); (C.A.S.)
| | - Christian A. Söldner
- Division of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (M.C.); (C.A.S.)
| | - Heinrich Sticht
- Division of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (M.C.); (C.A.S.)
- Erlangen National High Performance Computing Center (NHR@FAU), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Correspondence:
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11
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Plekhova NG, Eliseeva EV, Dubnyak IN. Antihistamines Modulate Functional Activity of Macrophages. Bull Exp Biol Med 2021; 170:759-762. [PMID: 33893956 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-021-05150-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We compared the effects of the first-, second- and third-generation antihistamines in different doses on enzyme activity and cytokine production by macrophages and their death using an in vitro model. It was found that decreasing the dose led to an increase in the number of viable cells; after contact with second-generation antihistamines (loratadine, desloratadine), apoptosis of macrophages predominated. A dose-dependent increase in activity of ATPase and 5'-AMP with less pronounced effect of second-generation drugs was revealed. It was shown that under the influence of drugs, macrophages do not produce IL-1β, but actively synthesize TNFα and IL-10, which indicates the immunomodulatory properties of these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- N G Plekhova
- Pacific State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Vladivostok, Russia.
| | - E V Eliseeva
- Pacific State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - I N Dubnyak
- Pacific State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Vladivostok, Russia
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12
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Bankar R, Suvarna K, Ghantasala S, Banerjee A, Biswas D, Choudhury M, Palanivel V, Salkar A, Verma A, Singh A, Mukherjee A, Pai MGJ, Roy J, Srivastava A, Badaya A, Agrawal S, Shrivastav O, Shastri J, Srivastava S. Proteomic investigation reveals dominant alterations of neutrophil degranulation and mRNA translation pathways in patients with COVID-19. iScience 2021; 24:102135. [PMID: 33558857 PMCID: PMC7857979 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The altered molecular proteins and pathways in response to COVID-19 infection are still unclear. Here, we performed a comprehensive proteomics-based investigation of nasopharyngeal swab samples from patients with COVID-19 to study the host response by employing simple extraction strategies. Few of the host proteins such as interleukin-6, L-lactate dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein, Ferritin, and aspartate aminotransferase were found to be upregulated only in COVID-19-positive patients using targeted multiple reaction monitoring studies. The most important pathways identified by enrichment analysis were neutrophil degranulation, interleukin-12 signaling pathways, and mRNA translation of proteins thus providing the detailed investigation of host response in COVID-19 infection. Thus, we conclude that mass spectrometry-detected host proteins have a potential for disease severity progression; however, suitable validation strategies should be deployed for the clinical translation. Furthermore, the in silico docking of potential drugs with host proteins involved in the interleukin-12 signaling pathway might aid in COVID-19 therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renuka Bankar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Kruthi Suvarna
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Saicharan Ghantasala
- Centre for Research in Nanotechnology and Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India
| | - Arghya Banerjee
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Deeptarup Biswas
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Manisha Choudhury
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Viswanthram Palanivel
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Akanksha Salkar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Ayushi Verma
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Avinash Singh
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Amrita Mukherjee
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Medha Gayathri J. Pai
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Jyotirmoy Roy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Alisha Srivastava
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
- University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi 110021, India
| | - Apoorva Badaya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Sachee Agrawal
- Kasturba Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Chinchpokli, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400034, India
| | - Om Shrivastav
- Kasturba Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Chinchpokli, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400034, India
| | - Jayanthi Shastri
- Kasturba Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Chinchpokli, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400034, India
| | - Sanjeeva Srivastava
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
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Fan JH, Hu YJ, Li LX, Wang JJ, Li SP, Zhao J, Li CC. Recent advances in total syntheses of natural products containing the benzocycloheptane motif. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:1821-1851. [PMID: 33650613 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00003a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2010 to 2020Benzocycloheptane is a fundamental and unique structural motif found in pharmaceuticals and natural products. The total syntheses of natural products bearing the benzocycloheptane subunit are challenging and there are only a few efficient approaches to access benzocycloheptane. Thus, new methods and innovative strategies for preparing such natural products need to be developed. In this review, recent progress in the total syntheses of natural products bearing the benzocycloheptane motif is presented, and key transformations for the construction of benzocycloheptane are highlighted. This review provides a useful guide for those engaged in the syntheses of natural products containing the benzocycloheptane motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hong Fan
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China. and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Ya-Jian Hu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China. and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Li-Xuan Li
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Jing-Jing Wang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Shao-Ping Li
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.
| | - Jing Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.
| | - Chuang-Chuang Li
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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15
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Expression, Distribution and Role of Aquaporins in Various Rhinologic Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165853. [PMID: 32824013 PMCID: PMC7461600 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are water-specific membrane channel proteins that regulate cellular and organismal water homeostasis. The nose, an organ with important respiratory and olfactory functions, is the first organ exposed to external stimuli. Nose-related topics such as allergic rhinitis (AR) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) have been the subject of extensive research. These studies have reported that mechanisms that drive the development of multiple inflammatory diseases that occur in the nose and contribute to the process of olfactory recognition of compounds entering the nasal cavity involve the action of water channels such as AQPs. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the relationship between AQPs and rhinologic conditions, focusing on the current state of knowledge and mechanisms that link AQPs and rhinologic conditions. Key conclusions include the following: (1) Various AQPs are expressed in both nasal mucosa and olfactory mucosa; (2) the expression of AQPs in these tissues is different in inflammatory diseases such as AR or CRS, as compared with that in normal tissues; (3) the expression of AQPs in CRS differs depending on the presence or absence of nasal polyps; and (4) the expression of AQPs in tissues associated with olfaction is different from that in the respiratory epithelium.
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Kahremany S, Hofmann L, Gruzman A, Cohen G. Advances in Understanding the Initial Steps of Pruritoceptive Itch: How the Itch Hits the Switch. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144883. [PMID: 32664385 PMCID: PMC7402353 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pruritoceptive (dermal) itch was long considered an accompanying symptom of diseases, a side effect of drug applications, or a temporary sensation induced by invading pruritogens, as produced by the stinging nettle. Due to extensive research in recent years, it was possible to provide detailed insights into the mechanism of itch mediation and modulation. Hence, it became apparent that pruritus is a complex symptom or disease in itself, which requires particular attention to improve patients’ health. Here, we summarize recent findings in pruritoceptive itch, including how this sensation is triggered and modulated by diverse endogenous and exogenous pruritogens and their receptors. A differentiation between mediating pruritogen and modulating pruritogen seems to be of great advantage to understand and decipher the molecular mechanism of itch perception. Only a comprehensive view on itch sensation will provide a solid basis for targeting this long-neglected adverse sensation accompanying numerous diseases and many drug side effects. Finally, we identify critical aspects of itch perception that require future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Kahremany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel; (L.H.); (A.G.)
- The Skin Research Institute, The Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada 86910, Israel;
- Correspondence:
| | - Lukas Hofmann
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel; (L.H.); (A.G.)
| | - Arie Gruzman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel; (L.H.); (A.G.)
| | - Guy Cohen
- The Skin Research Institute, The Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada 86910, Israel;
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Eilat Campus, Eilat 8855630, Israel
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17
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Stone EA, Cutrona KJ, Miller SJ. Asymmetric Catalysis upon Helically Chiral Loratadine Analogues Unveils Enantiomer-Dependent Antihistamine Activity. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:12690-12698. [PMID: 32579347 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c03904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Analogues of the conformationally dynamic Claritin (loratadine) and Clarinex (desloratadine) scaffolds have been enantio- and chemoselectively N-oxidized using an aspartic acid containing peptide catalyst to afford stable, helically chiral products in up to >99:1 er. The conformational dynamics and enantiomeric stability of the N-oxide products have been investigated experimentally and computationally with the aid of crystallographic data. Furthermore, biological assays show that rigidifying the core structure of loratadine and related analogues through N-oxidation affects antihistamine activity in an enantiomer-dependent fashion. Computational docking studies illustrate the observed activity differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Stone
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Kara J Cutrona
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Scott J Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
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18
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Loratadine, an antihistamine drug, exhibits anti-inflammatory activity through suppression of the NF- kB pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 177:113949. [PMID: 32251678 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Loratadine is an antihistamine drug that shows promise as an anti-inflammatory drug, but supportive studies are lacking. We elucidated the effects and mechanisms by which loratadine inhibits inflammatory responses. Molecular components were evaluated in macrophages by nitric oxide assay, polymerase chain reaction, luciferase assay, immunoblotting, overexpression strategies and cellular thermal shift assay. At the molecular level, loratadine reduced the levels of nitric oxide, iNOS, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and COX-2 in RAW264.7 cells treated with lipopolysaccharide. Loratadine also specifically inhibited the NF-kB pathway, targeting the Syk and Src proteins. Furthermore, loratadine bound Src in the bridge between SH2 and SH3, and bound Syk in the protein tyrosine kinase domain. The NF-kB signaling pathway was assessed along with putative binding sites through a docking approach. The anti-inflammatory effect of loratadine was tested using mouse models of gastritis, hepatitis, colitis, and peritonitis. Stomach tissue histopathology, liver morphology, and colon length in the loratadine group were improved over the group without loratadine treatment. Taken together, loratadine inhibited the inflammatory response through the NF-kB pathway by binding with the Syk and Src proteins.
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Kim MJ, Choi YA, Lee S, Choi JK, Kim YY, Kim EN, Jeong GS, Shin TY, Jang YH, Kim SH. Prunus serrulata var. spontanea inhibits mast cell activation and mast cell-mediated anaphylaxis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 250:112484. [PMID: 31843576 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE A promising approach to treat a variety of diseases are considered as complementary and alternative herbal medicines. Prunus serrulata var. spontanea L. (Rosaceae) is used as herbal medicine to treat allergic diseases according to the Donguibogam, a tradition medical book of the Joseon Dynasty in Korea. AIM OF THE STUDY We prepared the aqueous extract of the bark of P. serrulata (AEBPS) and aimed to investigate the effects in mouse anaphylaxis models and various types of mast cells, including RBL-2H3, primary cultured peritoneal and bone marrow-derived mast cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used ovalbumin (OVA)-induced active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA) and immunoglobulin (Ig) E-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) models, in vivo. The control drug dexamethasone (10 mg/kg) was used to compare the effectiveness of AEBPS (1-100 mg/kg). In vitro, IgE-stimulated mast cells were used to confirm the role of AEBPS (1-100 μg/mL). For statistical analyses, p values less than 0.05 were considered to be significant. RESULTS In ASA model, oral administration of AEBPS suppressed the hypothermia and increased level of serum histamine in a dose-dependent manner. AEBPS attenuated the serum IgE, OVA-specific IgE, and interleukin (IL)-4. Oral administration of AEBPS also blocked mast cell-dependent PCA. AEBPS suppressed degranulation of mast cells by reducing intracellular calcium level in mast cells. AEBPS inhibited tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-4 expression and secretion in a concentration-dependent manner through the reduction of nuclear factor-κB. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of these findings, AEBPS could serve as a potential therapeutic target for the management of mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation and as a regulator of mast cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jong Kim
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ae Choi
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Lee
- Immunoregulatory Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kyeong Choi
- Molecular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yeon-Yong Kim
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Immunoregulatory Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Nam Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Gil-Saeng Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Yong Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Jang
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Hyun Kim
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Dinç E, Ünal N, Ertekin ZC. Novel Three-Dimensional Resolution of a pH and Ultraviolet-Visible Absorption Spectral Dataset for the Determination of Desloratadine in a Pharmaceutical Product and Its Acid Dissociation Constant. ANAL LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2020.1721002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erdal Dinç
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nazangül Ünal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zehra Ceren Ertekin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Zhou S, Huang G. Synthesis of anti-allergic drugs. RSC Adv 2020; 10:5874-5885. [PMID: 35497436 PMCID: PMC9049304 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10659f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Histamine is formed by the decarboxylation of histidine catalyzed by enzymes. It is an endogenous biologically active substance involved in multiple complex physiological processes as an important chemical transmitter. Histamine receptors have four subtypes, H1, H2, H3 and H4, all of which are G protein coupling receptors (GPCRs) with different physiological functions. Histamine plays an important role in the pathophysiological mechanism of allergic diseases, and the antagonistic effect of histamine has become an important way to study anti-allergic drugs, wherein the anti-allergic drugs used in clinical practice are mainly H1 receptor antagonists. Currently, there are many varieties of H1 receptor antagonists in clinical applications, which can be divided into ethylenediamine antagonists, amino ether antagonists, propylamine antagonists, tricyclic antagonists, piperazine antagonists and piperidine antagonists depending on their chemical structures. This article mainly reviews the research progress of allergic reactions with histamine H1 receptor antagonists and expounds the important aspects of the design and synthesis of various new compounds. Histamine is formed by the decarboxylation of histidine catalyzed by enzymes. It is an endogenous biologically active substance involved in multiple complex physiological processes as an important chemical transmitter.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Application
- Active Carbohydrate Research Institute
- Chongqing Normal University
- Chongqing
- China
| | - Gangliang Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Application
- Active Carbohydrate Research Institute
- Chongqing Normal University
- Chongqing
- China
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Daddam JR, Sreenivasulu B, Peddanna K, Umamahesh K. Designing, docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies of novel cloperastine analogues as anti-allergic agents: homology modeling and active site prediction for the human histamine H1 receptor. RSC Adv 2020; 10:4745-4754. [PMID: 35495246 PMCID: PMC9049021 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09245e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study predicts a three-dimensional model for the histamine H1 receptor and the design of antihistamine inhibitors using cloperastine as the core molecule by docking studies. In this work, we predicted a three-dimensional structure of the histamine H1 receptor using the MODELLER9V7 software. The protein structure was developed based on the crystal structure of the histamine H1 receptor, the lysozyme chimera of Escherichia virus T4 (PDB ID: 3RZE_A) target collected from the PDB data bank. Using molecular dynamics simulation methods, the final predicted structure is obtained and further analyzed by VERIFY3D and PROCHECK programs, confirming that the final model is reliable. The drug derivatives of cloperastine were designed and docking was performed with the designed ligands along with the drug. The predicted model of the histamine H1 receptor structure is stable and confirms that it is a reliable structure for docking studies. The results indicate that MET 183, THR 184 and ILE 187 in the histamine H1 receptor are important determinant residues for binding as they have strong hydrogen bonding with cloperastine derivatives. The drug derivatives were docked to the histamine H1 receptor protein by hydrogen bonding interactions and these interactions played an important role in the binding studies. The molecule 1-{2-[(4-chlorophenyl) (phenyl) methoxy] ethyl}-4-methylenepiperidine showed the best docking results with the histamine H1 receptor. The docking results predicted the best compounds, which may act as better drugs than cloperastine and in the future, these may be developed for anti-allergy therapy. The present study predicts a three-dimensional model for the histamine H1 receptor and the design of antihistamine inhibitors using cloperastine as the core molecule by docking studies.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Basha Sreenivasulu
- Department of Microbiology
- Sri Venkateswara University
- Tirupati
- India-517502
- Department of Biological Sciences
| | - Kotha Peddanna
- Department of Biochemistry
- Sri Venkateswara University
- Tirupati
- India-517502
- School of Chinese Medicine
| | - Katike Umamahesh
- Department of Biochemistry
- Sri Venkateswara University
- Tirupati
- India-517502
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23
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Cheng Y, Lin BJ, Guo JH, Huang BL, Fang LP, Que WC, Liu MB, Chen XF, Qiu HQ. The Effect Of Food On The Pharmacokinetic Properties And Bioequivalence Of Two Formulations Of Levocetirizine Dihydrochloride In Healthy Chinese Volunteers. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:3625-3634. [PMID: 31695330 PMCID: PMC6804673 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s215316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study is to assess the bioequivalence of a new generic formulation and the branded formulation of levocetirizine dihydrochloride in healthy Chinese volunteers under fasting and fed conditions, and food-intake effect on the pharmacokinetic properties is also evaluated. Patients and methods Volunteers were randomly allocated into two groups to receive a single oral dose of generic formulation and branded formulation under fasting or fed conditions, respectively. Blood samples were collected at designated time points. Plasma concentrations of levocetirizine were determined by UFLC-MS/MS. Safety evaluations were carried out through the study. The main pharmacokinetic parameters of the two formulations of levocetirizine were calculated using non-compartmental analysis incorporated in WinNonlin® 7.0 software. Results Forty-nine volunteers were enrolled; 46 completed the studies. Under fasting and fed conditions, the 90% confidence intervals for the geometric mean of generic/branded ratios were in the range of 94.75–107.24% and 99.98–114.69% for the maximum observed concentration, and 97.13–102.50% and 98.36–103.98% for the area under the concentration–time curve. As a result of food intake before administration, the reduced rate and extent of absorption of levocetirizine were observed. Both formulations were generally well tolerated, with no serious adverse reactions reported. Conclusion The two formulations demonstrated essentially identical pharmacokinetic profiles and were all well within the FDA/CFDA bioequivalence standards. Meanwhile, food intake can delay the absorption rate and reduced the bioavailability of levocetirizine in healthy Chinese volunteers. ![]()
Point your SmartPhone at the code above. If you have a QR code reader the video abstract will appear. Or use: https://youtu.be/-Xhw5uFbQfw
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Bi-Juan Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Hua Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-Lin Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin-Ping Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan-Cai Que
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Mao-Bai Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Feng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Qiang Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, People's Republic of China.,College of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, People's Republic of China
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Yu Y, Nguyen DT, Jiang J. G protein-coupled receptors in acquired epilepsy: Druggability and translatability. Prog Neurobiol 2019; 183:101682. [PMID: 31454545 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2019.101682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As the largest family of membrane proteins in the human genome, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the targets of more than one-third of all modern medicinal drugs. In the central nervous system (CNS), widely distributed GPCRs in neuronal and nonneuronal cells mediate numerous essential physiological functions via regulating neurotransmission at the synapses. Whereas their abnormalities in expression and activity are involved in various neuropathological processes. CNS conditions thus remain highly represented among the indications of GPCR-targeted agents. Mounting evidence from a large number of animal studies suggests that GPCRs play important roles in the regulation of neuronal excitability associated with epilepsy, a common CNS disease afflicting approximately 1-2% of the population. Surprisingly, none of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved (>30) antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) suppresses seizures through acting on GPCRs. This disparity raises concerns about the translatability of these preclinical findings and the druggability of GPCRs for seizure disorders. The currently available AEDs intervene seizures predominantly through targeting ion channels and have considerable limitations, as they often cause unbearable adverse effects, fail to control seizures in over 30% of patients, and merely provide symptomatic relief. Thus, identifying novel molecular targets for epilepsy is highly desired. Herein, we focus on recent progresses in understanding the comprehensive roles of several GPCR families in seizure generation and development of acquired epilepsy. We also dissect current hurdles hindering translational efforts in developing GPCRs as antiepileptic and/or antiepileptogenic targets and discuss the counteracting strategies that might lead to a potential cure for this debilitating CNS condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; Drug Discovery Center, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Davis T Nguyen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; Drug Discovery Center, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Jianxiong Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; Drug Discovery Center, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; Neuroscience Institute, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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25
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Bjermer L, Westman M, Holmström M, Wickman MC. The complex pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis: scientific rationale for the development of an alternative treatment option. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2019; 15:24. [PMID: 31015846 PMCID: PMC6469109 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-018-0314-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) poses a global health problem and can be challenging to treat. Many of the current symptomatic treatments for AR have been available for decades, yet there has been little improvement in patient quality of life or symptom burden over the years. In this review, we ask why this might be and explore the pathophysiological gaps that exist within the various AR treatment classes. We focus on the benefits and drawbacks of different treatment options and delivery routes for AR treatments and consider how, given what is known about AR pathophysiology and symptomatology, patients may be offered more effective treatment options for rapid, effective, and sustained AR control. In particular, we consider how a new AR preparation, MP-AzeFlu (Dymista®, Meda, Sweden), comprising a formulation of an intranasal antihistamine (azelastine hydrochloride), an intranasal corticosteroid (fluticasone propionate), and excipients delivered in a single spray, may offer benefits over and above single and multiple AR therapy options. We review the evidence in support of this treatment across the spectrum of AR disease. The concept of AR control is also reviewed within the context of new European Union and Contre les Maladies Chroniques pour un VIeillissement Actif-Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leif Bjermer
- 1Department of Respiratory Medicine & Allergology, Skane University Hospital, 22185, Lund, Sweden
| | - Marit Westman
- 2Dept. of ENT-diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.,3Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Holmström
- 4Dept. of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus C Wickman
- 5Department of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.,Sach's Children's Hospital, 118 83 Stockholm, Sweden
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Watts AM, Cripps AW, West NP, Cox AJ. Modulation of Allergic Inflammation in the Nasal Mucosa of Allergic Rhinitis Sufferers With Topical Pharmaceutical Agents. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:294. [PMID: 31001114 PMCID: PMC6455085 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic upper respiratory disease estimated to affect between 10 and 40% of the worldwide population. The mechanisms underlying AR are highly complex and involve multiple immune cells, mediators, and cytokines. As such, the development of a single drug to treat allergic inflammation and/or symptoms is confounded by the complexity of the disease pathophysiology. Complete avoidance of allergens that trigger AR symptoms is not possible and without a cure, the available therapeutic options are typically focused on achieving symptomatic relief. Topical therapies offer many advantages over oral therapies, such as delivering greater concentrations of drugs to the receptor sites at the source of the allergic inflammation and the reduced risk of systemic side effects. This review describes the complex pathophysiology of AR and identifies the mechanism(s) of action of topical treatments including antihistamines, steroids, anticholinergics, decongestants and chromones in relation to AR pathophysiology. Following the literature review a discussion on the future therapeutic strategies for AR treatment is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle M. Watts
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Allan W. Cripps
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicholas P. West
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Amanda J. Cox
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
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Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Mediates Ebastine-Induced Human Follicle Dermal Papilla Cell Proliferation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:6360503. [PMID: 30886861 PMCID: PMC6388311 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6360503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Ebastine is a second-generation histamine H1 receptor antagonist that is used to attenuate allergic inflammation. Ebastine has also shown to affect hair loss; however, the immunoregulatory effect of ebastine cannot completely exclude the possibility of spontaneous hair regrowth in ebastine-treated mice. In this study, we examined the effects of ebastine on the growth of human follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPC) using a WST-1 cell proliferation assay and a bromodeoxyuridine incorporation assay. Ebastine was shown to significantly increase the proliferation of HFDPC. The expression levels of cell-cycle regulatory proteins and an antiapoptotic protein were increased in ebastine-treated HFDPC. Furthermore, elevated expression levels of phospho-AKT and phospho-p44/42 extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) were observed in ebastine-treated HFDPC. Ebastine-mediated HFDPC growth was completely reversed by blocking ERK kinase. The results from our present study suggest that the regulation of HFDPC proliferation by ebastine might be directly involved in hair regrowth through the ERK signaling pathway.
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Söldner CA, Horn AHC, Sticht H. Binding of histamine to the H1 receptor-a molecular dynamics study. J Mol Model 2018; 24:346. [PMID: 30498974 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-018-3873-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Binding of histamine to the G-protein coupled histamine H1 receptor plays an important role in the context of allergic reactions; however, no crystal structure of the resulting complex is available yet. To deduce the histamine binding site, we performed unbiased molecular dynamics (MD) simulations on a microsecond time scale, which allowed to monitor one binding event, in which particularly the residues of the extracellular loop 2 were involved in the initial recognition process. The final histamine binding pose in the orthosteric pocket is characterized by interactions with Asp1073.32, Tyr1083.33, Thr1945.43, Asn1985.46, Trp4286.48, Tyr4316.51, Phe4326.52, and Phe4356.55, which is in agreement with existing mutational data. The conformational stability of the obtained complex structure was subsequently confirmed in 2 μs equilibrium MD simulations, and a metadynamics simulation proved that the detected binding site represents an energy minimum. A complementary investigation of a D107A mutant, which has experimentally been shown to abolish ligand binding, revealed that this exchange results in a significantly weaker interaction and enhanced ligand dynamics. This finding underlines the importance of the electrostatic interaction between the histamine ammonium group and the side chain of Asp1073.32 for histamine binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian A Söldner
- Bioinformatik, Institut für Biochemie, Emil-Fischer-Centrum, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), , Fahrstraße 17, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anselm H C Horn
- Bioinformatik, Institut für Biochemie, Emil-Fischer-Centrum, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), , Fahrstraße 17, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Heinrich Sticht
- Bioinformatik, Institut für Biochemie, Emil-Fischer-Centrum, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), , Fahrstraße 17, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
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Cho H, Myung J, Suh HS, Kang HY. Antihistamine use and the risk of injurious falls or fracture in elderly patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int 2018; 29:2163-2170. [PMID: 30046925 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-018-4564-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Despite their anticholinergic side effects, first-generation antihistamines are widely prescribed to elderly patients. A systematic review was conducted to synthesize real-world evidence. First-generation antihistamine use is considerably associated with an increased risk of injurious falls or fracture among the elderly. INTRODUCTION First-generation antihistamines are considered potentially inappropriate for elderly patients owing to anticholinergic side effects. We aimed to determine whether elderly patients taking antihistamines are at increased risk of injurious falls or fracture. METHODS We identified studies in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and several local databases through November 2016. Observational studies on the association between antihistamine use and the risk of injurious falls or fracture were selected. Quality of the studies and the level of evidence were assessed. The random-effects model was employed for meta-analysis, and heterogeneity was examined based on I-square and Cochrane's Q test. Subgroup analyses were performed when the heterogeneity among studies could not be explained. RESULTS From 473 identified studies, five (three case-control studies, one cohort study, and one case-crossover study) were included in our analysis based on eligibility criteria. First-generation antihistamine use showed significantly increased risk of injurious falls or fracture (odds ratio [OR] 2.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.49-2.76, heterogeneity: p = 0.41, I2 = 0%). Studies including antihistamines of all generations or containing no generation information were dealing with falls during hospitalization. Among these studies, the association was statistically significant without heterogeneity (OR 2.89, 95% CI 1.71-4.89, heterogeneity: p = 0.42, I2 = 0%). Due to the small number of studies included and unadjusted results, meaningful interpretation based on subgroup analysis was limited. CONCLUSIONS First-generation antihistamine use is considerably associated with increased risk of injurious falls or fracture among the elderly. Clinicians need to exercise caution when prescribing first-generation antihistamines to elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - J Myung
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - H S Suh
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - H-Y Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, South Korea.
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Vollesen LH, Guo S, Andersen MR, Ashina M. Effect of the H1-antihistamine clemastine on PACAP38 induced migraine. Cephalalgia 2018; 39:597-607. [DOI: 10.1177/0333102418798611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of the H1-antihistamine clemastine on the migraine-inducing abilities of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide-38. Methods We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled two-way cross-over study. Twenty migraine without aura patients were randomly allocated to receive bolus clemastine 2 mg (1 mg/ml) or bolus saline 2 ml intravenously over 2 min on two study days. Following each bolus injection, 10 pmol/kg/min of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide-38 was administered intravenously over 20 min. We recorded migraine/headache characteristics every 10 min until 90 min after the start of infusion, and collected blood to investigate mast cell degranulation and the inflammation markers tryptase and tumor necrosis factor-alpha before and after infusion of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide-38. Results After clemastine pretreatment, five out of 20 participants developed a migraine-like attack in response to a pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide-38 infusion compared to nine out of 20 after placebo pretreatment ( p = 0.288). Following clemastine pretreatment, 15 out of 20 participants reported headache in response to a pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide-38 infusion, whereas 19 out of 20 participants did so following placebo pretreatment ( p = 0.221). We found no difference in area under the curve 12 h for headache intensity between the two experimental days ( p = 0.481). We found no difference in area under the curve 180 min for tryptase ( p = 0.525) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha ( p = 0.487) between clemastine and placebo pretreatment days. Conclusion H1-antihistamine, clemastine, failed to prevent migraine or headache after pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide-38 infusion, thus making a role for histamine release or mast cell degranulation in pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide-38-induced migraine less likely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luise Haulund Vollesen
- Danish Headache Centre and Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Song Guo
- Danish Headache Centre and Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Malene Rohr Andersen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Messoud Ashina
- Danish Headache Centre and Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Razali NA, Nazarudin NA, Lai KS, Abas F, Ahmad S. Curcumin derivative, 2,6-bis(2-fluorobenzylidene)cyclohexanone (MS65) inhibits interleukin-6 production through suppression of NF-κB and MAPK pathways in histamine-induced human keratinocytes cell (HaCaT). BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 18:217. [PMID: 30012134 PMCID: PMC6048808 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2223-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Histamine is a well-known mediator involved in skin allergic responses through up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Antihistamines remain the mainstay of allergy treatment, but they were found limited in efficacy and associated with several common side effects. Therefore, alternative therapeutic preferences are derived from natural products in an effort to provide safe yet reliable anti-inflammatory agents. Curcumin and their derivatives are among compounds of interest in natural product research due to numerous pharmacological benefits including anti-inflammatory activities. Here, we investigate the effects of chemically synthesized curcumin derivative, 2,6-bis(2-fluorobenzylidene)cyclohexanone (MS65), in reducing cytokine production in histamine-induced HaCaT cells. Methods Interleukin (IL)-6 cytokine production in histamine-induced HaCaT cells were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and cytotoxicity effects were determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was carried out to determine the inhibitory effects of MS65 on nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. Results Histamine enhanced IL-6 production in HaCaT cells, with the highest production of IL-6 at 97.41 ± 2.33 pg/mL after 24 h of exposure. MS65 demonstrated a promising anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting IL-6 production with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 4.91 ± 2.50 μM and median lethal concentration (LC50) value of 28.82 ± 7.56 μM. In gene expression level, we found that MS65 inhibits NF-κB and MAPK pathways through suppression of IKK/IκB/NFκB and c-Raf/MEK/ERK inflammatory cascades. Conclusion Taken together, our results suggest that MS65 could be used as a lead compound on developing new medicinal agent for the treatment of allergic skin diseases.
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Zobayer N, Hossain AA. In silico Characterization and Homology Modeling of Histamine Receptors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.3923/jbs.2018.178.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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González-Mariscal L, Raya-Sandino A, González-González L, Hernández-Guzmán C. Relationship between G proteins coupled receptors and tight junctions. Tissue Barriers 2018; 6:e1414015. [PMID: 29420165 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2017.1414015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tight junctions (TJs) are sites of cell-cell adhesion, constituted by a cytoplasmic plaque of molecules linked to integral proteins that form a network of strands around epithelial and endothelial cells at the uppermost portion of the lateral membrane. TJs maintain plasma membrane polarity and form channels and barriers that regulate the transit of ions and molecules through the paracellular pathway. This structure that regulates traffic between the external milieu and the organism is affected in numerous pathological conditions and constitutes an important target for therapeutic intervention. Here, we describe how a wide array of G protein-coupled receptors that are activated by diverse stimuli including light, ions, hormones, peptides, lipids, nucleotides and proteases, signal through heterotrimeric G proteins, arrestins and kinases to regulate TJs present in the blood-brain barrier, the blood-retinal barrier, renal tubular cells, keratinocytes, lung and colon, and the slit diaphragm of the glomerulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza González-Mariscal
- a Department of Physiology , Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav) , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Arturo Raya-Sandino
- a Department of Physiology , Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav) , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Laura González-González
- a Department of Physiology , Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav) , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Christian Hernández-Guzmán
- a Department of Physiology , Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav) , Mexico City , Mexico
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Ainurofiq A, Mauludin R, Mudhakir D, Umeda D, Soewandhi SN, Putra OD, Yonemochi E. Improving mechanical properties of desloratadine via multicomponent crystal formation. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 111:65-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Chang YL, Lin CS, Wang HW, Jian KR, Liu SC. Chlorpheniramine attenuates histamine-mediated aquaporin 5 downregulation in human nasal epithelial cells via suppression of NF-κB activation. Int J Med Sci 2017; 14:1268-1275. [PMID: 29104484 PMCID: PMC5666561 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.21573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Aquaporin 5 (AQP5) is most likely the primary water channel in the human nasal mucosa and acts as a key tight junction protein. The signaling cascades responsible for AQP5 regulation are still works in progress. Objective: This study sought to determine the effects of histamine and chlorpheniramine on AQP5 expression in human nasal epithelial cells (HNEpC) and to detect the signaling cascades responsible for these effects. Methods: HNEpC were cultured with four concentrations of histamine or chlorpheniramine in vitro. The sub-cellular distribution of AQP5 was explored using immunocytochemistry. The pharmacologic effects of histamine and chlorpheniramine on the expression of the phosphorylation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate-responsive element binding protein (p-CREB), the AQP5 and the NF-κB protein were examined using Western blotting. Results: AQP5 was found to be located in cell membrane and cytoplasm and present in every group without significant difference. Histamine inhibits the expression of AQP5 and p-CREB in HNEpC, while chlorpheniramine dose-dependently increases these protein levels with statistical significance. HNEpC treated with histamine and chlorpheniramine in turn showed the same trends as those intervened separately with these two drugs. Moreover, chlorpheniramine had the ability to reverse the inhibitory effect of histamine. Western blotting analysis revealed that after incubation with 10-4 M histamine, NF-κB protein was significantly heightened by 165% compared with the untreated control group. Again, such increase can be significantly reversed after chlorpheniramine treatment. Conclusions: The current study demonstrated that histamine inhibits CREB phosphorylation in HNEpC, which results in decreased AQP5 expression via activation of NF-κB pathway. Chlorpheniramine attenuates the inhibitory effect of histamine in p-CREB/AQP5 expression via suppression of NF-κB signal cascades. This observation could provide additional insight into the anti-inflammatory effects of H1-antihistamines that contribute to maintain airway surface liquid and mucosal defense.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chun-Shu Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center
| | - Hsing-Won Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kai Ren Jian
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center
| | - Shao-Cheng Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center
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Kudryavceva AV, Neskorodova KA. Urticaria in children: pathogenetic mechanisms and the possibilities of modern therapy. VESTNIK DERMATOLOGII I VENEROLOGII 2017. [DOI: 10.25208/0042-4609-2017-93-2-73-82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The review collected the latest literature data on urticaria - one of the most frequent skin diseases in children, accompanied by the appearance of blisters. It is notorious that histamine-liberation lies in the basis of the disease pathogenesis, regardless of the cause provoking an exacerbation. Precisely this explains the unified principle of therapy for all variants of urticaria -the administration of non-sedating antihistamines in the first line. Urticaria is classified for acute and chronic based on the duration of the course (up to 6 weeks or more). Experts do not recommend that physicians carry out any special diagnostic measures in the acute form of the disease, paying the utmost attention to the administration of effective treatment. the review describes the causes of disease exacerbation, the pathogenesis and the clinic of urticaria. Attention is paid to various options for managing patients with urticaria, published in the latest expert recommendations in Europe, America and Russia.
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Novel Treatment Strategies Using TiO 2 -Nanowired Delivery of Histaminergic Drugs and Antibodies to Tau With Cerebrolysin for Superior Neuroprotection in the Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's Disease. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2017; 137:123-165. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Arslan H, Gündoğdu EC, Sümbüllü M. The Effect of Preoperative Administration of Antihistamine, Analgesic and Placebo on Postoperative Pain in Teeth with Symptomatic Apical Periodontitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Eur Endod J 2016; 1:1-5. [PMID: 32566902 PMCID: PMC7299059 DOI: 10.5152/eej.2016.16012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To compare the effect of preoperative administration of an antihistamine, an analgesic, or a placebo on postoperative pain in maxillary molar teeth with symptomatic apical periodontitis. Design: A randomized, controlled trial. Methods: Population: A total of 51 patients with moderate-to-severe maxillary molar tooth pain who have undergone a root canal treatment. Intervention: Preoperative administration of either an antihistamine or an analgesic. Control: Versus placebo Outcomes: Reduction in postoperative pain? The data were analyzed with chi-square, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and least significant difference (LSD) post-hoc tests. Results: At days 1 and 3, preoperative administration of the antihistamine and analgesic resulted in lower pain levels than the placebo. At days 5 and 7, however, while preoperative administration of the antihistamine still resulted in less pain than the placebo, there was no significant difference between the analgesic and placebo (P>0.05). Conclusion: Within the limitations of the present study, the preoperative administration of an antihistamine can be beneficial in reducing the postoperative pain of endodontic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Arslan
- Department of Endodontics, Erzurum Atatürk University School of Dentistry, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Eyüp Candaş Gündoğdu
- Department of Endodontics, Erzurum Atatürk University School of Dentistry, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Meltem Sümbüllü
- Department of Endodontics, Erzurum Atatürk University School of Dentistry, Erzurum, Turkey
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Liu SC, Lin CS, Chen SG, Chu YH, Lee FP, Lu HH, Wang HW. Effect of budesonide and azelastine on histamine signaling regulation in human nasal epithelial cells. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2016; 274:845-853. [PMID: 27623823 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-016-4295-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Both glucocorticoids and H1-antihistamines are widely used on patients with airway diseases. However, their direct effects on airway epithelial cells are not fully explored. Therefore, we use the primary culture of human nasal epithelial cells (HNEpC) to delineate in vitro mucosal responses to above two drugs. HNEpC cells were cultured with/without budesonide and azelastine. The growth rate at each group was recorded and measured as population double time (PDT). The histamine1-receptor (H1R), muscarinic1-receptor (M1R) and M3R were measured using immunocytochemistry and western blotting after 7-days treatment. Then, we used histamine and methacholine to stimulate the mucus secretion from HNEpC and observed the MUC5AC expression in culture supernatants. Concentration-dependent treatment-induced inhibition of HNEpC growth rate was observed. Cells incubated with azelastine proliferated significantly slower than that with budesonide and the combined use of those drugs led to significant PDT prolong. The immunocytochemistry showed the H1R, M1R and M3R were obviously located in the cell membrane without apparent difference after treatment. However, western blotting showed that budesonide can significantly up-regulate the H1R, M1R and M3R level while azelastine had opposite effects. Histamine and methacholine stimulated MUC5AC secretion was greater in cells treated with budesonide but was lesser in those treated with azelastine, as compared to controls. Our data suggest that both budesonide and azelastine can significantly inhibit HNEpC proliferation, and therefore, be helpful in against airway remodeling. Long-term use of budesonide might amplify histamine signaling and result in airway hyperreactivity to stimulants by enhancing H1R, M1R and M3R expression while azelastine can oppose this effect. Therefore, combined use of those two drugs in patients with chronic inflammatory airway diseases may be an ideal option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Cheng Liu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chun-Shu Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shyi-Gen Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yueng-Hsiang Chu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fei-Peng Lee
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsuan-Hsuan Lu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsing-Won Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC. .,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC. .,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, No. 291, Zhongzheng Rd., Zhonghe District, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan, ROC.
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Pautz A. Antiallergische und antientzündliche Pharmakotherapie. ALLERGOLOGIE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-37203-2_57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Fitzsimons R, van der Poel LA, Thornhill W, du Toit G, Shah N, Brough HA. Antihistamine use in children. Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed 2015; 100:122-31. [PMID: 25147323 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2013-304446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review provides an overview of the use of antihistamines in children. We discuss types of histamine receptors and their mechanism of action, absorption, onset and duration of action of first-generation and second-generation H(1)-antihistamines, as well as elimination of H(1)-antihistamines which has important implications for dosing in children. The rationale for the use of H(1)-antihistamines is explored for the relief of histamine-mediated symptoms in a variety of allergic conditions including: non-anaphylactic allergic reactions, atopic eczema (AE), allergic rhinitis (AR) and conjunctivitis, chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) and whether they have a role in the management of intermittent and chronic cough, anaphylaxis, food protein-induced gastrointestinal allergy and asthma prevention. Second-generation H(1)-antihistamines are preferable to first-generation H(1)-antihistamines in the management of non-anaphylactic allergic reactions, AR, AE and CSU due to: their better safety profile, including minimal cognitive and antimuscarinic side effects and a longer duration of action. We offer some guidance as to the choices of H(1)-antihistamines available currently and their use in specific clinical settings. H(1)-antihistamine class, availability, licensing, age and dosing administration, recommended indications in allergic conditions and modalities of delivery for the 12 more commonly used H(1)-antihistamines in children are also tabulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roisin Fitzsimons
- Children's Allergy Service, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK Department of Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - William Thornhill
- Evelina Children's Pharmacy, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - George du Toit
- Children's Allergy Service, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK Department of Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Neil Shah
- Department of Gastroenterology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK TARGID, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, The Netherlands
| | - Helen A Brough
- Children's Allergy Service, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK Department of Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Science, King's College London, London, UK
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Jedrychowski WA, Perera FP, Maugeri U, Majewska R, Spengler J, Mroz E, Flak E, Klimaszewska-Rembiasz M, Camman D. Antihistamine medication may alleviate negative effects of prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) on lung function in children. Birth cohort prospective study. Pediatr Pulmonol 2015; 50:469-78. [PMID: 25154482 PMCID: PMC4336849 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.23104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The main purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that the depressed lung growth attributable to prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) may be modified by the intake of antihistamine medications. Individual prenatal PAH exposure was assessed by personal air monitoring in 176 children who were followed over nine years, in the course of which outdoor residential air monitoring, allergic skin tests for indoor allergens, lung function tests (FVC, FEV(1), FEV(05), and FEF(25-75)) were performed. The analysis with the General Estimated Equation (GEE) showed no association between prenatal PAH exposure and lung function in the group of children who were reported to be antihistamine users. However, in the group of antihistamine non-users all lung function tests except for FEF(25-75) were significantly and inversely associated with prenatal airborne PAH exposure. The results of the study suggest that the intake of antihistamine medications in early childhood may inhibit the negative effect of fetal PAH exposure on lung growth and provides additional indirect evidence for the hypothesis that lung alterations in young children resulting from PAH exposure may be caused by the allergic inflammation within lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wieslaw A Jedrychowski
- Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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GPCR structure, function, drug discovery and crystallography: report from Academia-Industry International Conference (UK Royal Society) Chicheley Hall, 1-2 September 2014. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2015; 388:883-903. [PMID: 25772061 PMCID: PMC4495723 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-015-1111-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the targets of over half of all prescribed drugs today. The UniProt database has records for about 800 proteins classified as GPCRs, but drugs have only been developed against 50 of these. Thus, there is huge potential in terms of the number of targets for new therapies to be designed. Several breakthroughs in GPCRs biased pharmacology, structural biology, modelling and scoring have resulted in a resurgence of interest in GPCRs as drug targets. Therefore, an international conference, sponsored by the Royal Society, with world-renowned researchers from industry and academia was recently held to discuss recent progress and highlight key areas of future research needed to accelerate GPCR drug discovery. Several key points emerged. Firstly, structures for all three major classes of GPCRs have now been solved and there is increasing coverage across the GPCR phylogenetic tree. This is likely to be substantially enhanced with data from x-ray free electron sources as they move beyond proof of concept. Secondly, the concept of biased signalling or functional selectivity is likely to be prevalent in many GPCRs, and this presents exciting new opportunities for selectivity and the control of side effects, especially when combined with increasing data regarding allosteric modulation. Thirdly, there will almost certainly be some GPCRs that will remain difficult targets because they exhibit complex ligand dependencies and have many metastable states rendering them difficult to resolve by crystallographic methods. Subtle effects within the packing of the transmembrane helices are likely to mask and contribute to this aspect, which may play a role in species dependent behaviour. This is particularly important because it has ramifications for how we interpret pre-clinical data. In summary, collaborative efforts between industry and academia have delivered significant progress in terms of structure and understanding of GPCRs and will be essential for resolving problems associated with the more difficult targets in the future.
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Bernstein JA, Lang DM, Khan DA, Craig T, Dreyfus D, Hsieh F, Sheikh J, Weldon D, Zuraw B, Bernstein DI, Blessing-Moore J, Cox L, Nicklas RA, Oppenheimer J, Portnoy JM, Randolph CR, Schuller DE, Spector SL, Tilles SA, Wallace D. The diagnosis and management of acute and chronic urticaria: 2014 update. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014; 133:1270-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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