1
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Mbouombouo Mfossa D, Abwe EE, Whytock RC, Morgan BJ, Huynen M, Beudels‐Jamar RC, Brotcorne F, Tchouamo RI. Distribution, habitat use and human disturbance of gorillas (
Gorilla gorilla
) in the Ebo forest, Littoral Region, Cameroon. Afr J Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/aje.13052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ekwoge Enang Abwe
- Ebo Forest Research Project Douala Cameroon
- San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance San Diego California USA
| | - Robin Cameron Whytock
- Ebo Forest Research Project Douala Cameroon
- Faculty of Natural Sciences The University of Stirling Scotland UK
| | - Bethan J. Morgan
- Ebo Forest Research Project Douala Cameroon
- San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance San Diego California USA
- Faculty of Natural Sciences The University of Stirling Scotland UK
| | | | | | | | - Roger Isaac Tchouamo
- ERAIFT The University of Kinshasa, DRC Kinshasa DRC
- The University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon
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2
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Chatterjee P, Mukherjee T, Dutta R, Sharief A, Kumar V, Joshi BD, Chandra K, Thakur M, Sharma LK. Future simulated landscape predicts habitat loss for the Golden Langur (Trachypithecus geei): A range level analysis for an endangered primate. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 826:154081. [PMID: 35218816 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Trachypithecus geei Khajuria, 1956 or Golden langur are an endangered colobine primate species that are distributed in the transboundary region of Bhutan and India. The species is severely threatened because of increasing habitat fragmentation and isolation across its entire range, especially the populations in Assam, India. The distribution range of the species has not been updated for the last two decades, nor is there any proper evaluation of the habitat requirements for the species. Therefore, we mapped the habitat suitability for the species across its entire distribution and projected its habitat suitability on the simulated landscape for the future (2031). The results indicate that out of the total range extent (66,320 km2), only 12,265 km2 (18.49%) is suitable for the species at present, which will further be reduced to 8884 km2 by the year 2031, indicating major range contraction. These suitable habitats are largely scattered and fragmented in southern range of the species. Among the predictors used, the distance to evergreen and deciduous broadleaf forest was the strongest predictor out of the 35 used for model building. Moreover, land use and land cover were found to be more informative than the climatic variables. Much of the suitable habitats of the species are located outside the protected area network in the landscape. Therefore, we identified landscape configurations and suitable habitat areas for the future conservation and monitoring of Golden Langur in the protected areas of its range.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ritam Dutta
- Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata 700053, India
| | | | - Vineet Kumar
- Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata 700053, India
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3
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Norambuena HV, Rivera R, Barros R, Silva R, Peredo R, Hernández CE. Living on the edge: genetic structure and geographic distribution in the threatened Markham's Storm-Petrel ( Hydrobates markhami). PeerJ 2022; 9:e12669. [PMID: 35036151 PMCID: PMC8711276 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Migratory birds are threatened by habitat loss and degradation, illegal killings, ineffective conservation policies, knowledge gaps and climate change. These threats are particularly troubling in the Procellariiformes (Aves), one of the most endangered bird groups. For “storm-petrels”, their cryptic breeding behavior, asynchrony between populations, and light pollution pose additional threats that contribute to increased mortality.Markham’s Storm-Petrel (Hydrobates markhami), a poorly known migratory species, is a pelagic bird that breeds in dispersed colonies in the Sechura and Atacama Deserts, with asynchronous reproduction between colonies, and is highly affected by artificial lights. Considering its complex conservation scenario and singular breeding, we expected to find narrow habitat distribution conditions, strong geographic genetic structure, and spatially differentiation related to human population activities (e.g., light pollution) and the climate global change. To evaluate these predictions, we analyzed the phylogeography, current and future potential distribution based on mitochondrial gene ND1 and geographic records.The phylogeographic analyses revealed three well-supported clades (i.e., Paracas, Arica, and Salar Grande), and the geographical distribution modeled using an intrinsic conditional model (iCAR) suggests a positive relationship with the mean temperature of the wettest quarter and of the driest quarter, solar radiation, and anthropogenic disturbance. The future predictions under moderate and severe scenarios of global change indicated a drastic distribution area reduction, especially in the southern zone around Tarapacá and Antofagasta in Chile. These suggest a potential loss of unique genetic diversity and the need for conservation actions particularly focused at the edges of the H. markhami distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heraldo V Norambuena
- Centro Bahía Lomas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Concepción, Chile.,Laboratorio de Ecología Evolutiva y Filoinformática, Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Red de Observadores de Aves y Vida Silvestre de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Reinaldo Rivera
- Laboratorio de Ecología Evolutiva y Filoinformática, Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Millennium Institute of Oceanography (IMO), Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Barros
- Red de Observadores de Aves y Vida Silvestre de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Silva
- Red de Observadores de Aves y Vida Silvestre de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ronny Peredo
- Red de Observadores de Aves y Vida Silvestre de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristián E Hernández
- Laboratorio de Ecología Evolutiva y Filoinformática, Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Universidad Católica de Santa María, Arequipa, Perú
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4
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Junker J, Petrovan SO, Arroyo-RodrÍguez V, Boonratana R, Byler D, Chapman CA, Chetry D, Cheyne SM, Cornejo FM, CortÉs-Ortiz L, Cowlishaw G, Christie AP, Crockford C, Torre SDL, De Melo FR, Fan P, Grueter CC, GuzmÁn-Caro DC, Heymann EW, Herbinger I, Hoang MD, Horwich RH, Humle T, Ikemeh RA, Imong IS, Jerusalinsky L, Johnson SE, Kappeler PM, Kierulff MCM, KonÉ I, Kormos R, Le KQ, Li B, Marshall AJ, Meijaard E, Mittermeier RA, Muroyama Y, Neugebauer E, Orth L, Palacios E, Papworth SK, Plumptre AJ, Rawson BM, Refisch J, Ratsimbazafy J, Roos C, Setchell JM, Smith RK, Sop T, Schwitzer C, Slater K, Strum SC, Sutherland WJ, Talebi M, Wallis J, Wich S, Williamson EA, Wittig RM, KÜhl HS. A Severe Lack of Evidence Limits Effective Conservation of the World's Primates. Bioscience 2020; 70:794-803. [PMID: 32973409 PMCID: PMC7498340 DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biaa082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Threats to biodiversity are well documented. However, to effectively conserve species and their habitats, we need to know which conservation interventions do (or do not) work. Evidence-based conservation evaluates interventions within a scientific framework. The Conservation Evidence project has summarized thousands of studies testing conservation interventions and compiled these as synopses for various habitats and taxa. In the present article, we analyzed the interventions assessed in the primate synopsis and compared these with other taxa. We found that despite intensive efforts to study primates and the extensive threats they face, less than 1% of primate studies evaluated conservation effectiveness. The studies often lacked quantitative data, failed to undertake postimplementation monitoring of populations or individuals, or implemented several interventions at once. Furthermore, the studies were biased toward specific taxa, geographic regions, and interventions. We describe barriers for testing primate conservation interventions and propose actions to improve the conservation evidence base to protect this endangered and globally important taxon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Junker
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Leipzig, Germany and with the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, formerly the Department of Primatology, in Leipzig, Germany
| | - Silviu O Petrovan
- Conservation Science Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Victor Arroyo-RodrÍguez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Mexico
| | | | | | - Colin A Chapman
- Department of Anthropology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; with the School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; and with the Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, at Northwest University, in Xi'an, China
| | | | - Susan M Cheyne
- Borneo Nature Foundation, Palangka Raya, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, and with the Department of Social Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Liliana CortÉs-Ortiz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Guy Cowlishaw
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, in the United Kingdom
| | - Alec P Christie
- Conservation Science Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Crockford
- Tai Chimpanzee Project, Centre Suisse des Recherche Scientifique, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
| | - Stella De La Torre
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito's Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales in Quito, Ecuador
| | - Fabiano R De Melo
- Department of Engenharia Florestal, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - P Fan
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cyril C Grueter
- School of Human Sciences and with the School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Eckhard W Heymann
- Deutsches Primatenzentrum, Leibniz-Institut für Primatenforschung, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Minh D Hoang
- Southern Institute of Ecology, Hochiminh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Tatyana Humle
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Kent, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel A Ikemeh
- SW/Niger Delta Forest Project, part of the Foundation for Sustainability of Ecosystem, Wildlife, and Climate, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | - Leandro Jerusalinsky
- Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Primatas Brasileiros, in the Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade. In João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Steig E Johnson
- Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Peter M Kappeler
- Deutsches Primatenzentrum, Leibniz-Institut für Primatenforschung, Göttingen, Germany, and with the Department of Sociobiology/Anthropology, Faculty of Biology and Psychology, at Georg-August Universität, in Göttingen, Germany
| | - Maria CecÍlia M Kierulff
- Instituto Nacional da Mata Atlântica, in Espírito Santo, Brazil, and with the Instituto Pri-Matas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Inza KonÉ
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. Rebecca Kormos is affiliated with the Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley
| | - Rebecca Kormos
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Leipzig, Germany and with the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, formerly the Department of Primatology, in Leipzig, Germany
| | - Khac Q Le
- Freelance wildlife consultant, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Baoguo Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Andrew J Marshall
- Department of Anthropology and the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology in the Program in the Environment and the School of Environment and Sustainability, Universit of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Erik Meijaard
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, and with Borneo Futures, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
| | | | - Yasuyuki Muroyama
- Natural Science Laboratory, Faculty of Business Administration, Toyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eleonora Neugebauer
- Universität Leipzig, Dekanat der Fakultät für Lebenswissenschaften, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lisa Orth
- Independent researcher, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | - Andrew J Plumptre
- Department of Anthropology and the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology in the Program in the Environment and the School of Environment and Sustainability, Universit of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Ben M Rawson
- World Wide Fund for Wildlife Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Johannes Refisch
- Great Apes Survival Partnership, United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Jonah Ratsimbazafy
- Groupe d'étude et de recherche sur les primates, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Christian Roos
- Deutsches Primatenzentrum, Leibniz-Institut für Primatenforschung, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Joanna M Setchell
- Department of Anthropology, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca K Smith
- Conservation Science Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tene Sop
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, formerly the Department of Primatology, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Kerry Slater
- Operation Wallacea, Lincolnshire, United Kingdom
| | - Shirley C Strum
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, and with the Uaso Ngiro Baboon Project, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - William J Sutherland
- Conservation Science Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - MaurÍcio Talebi
- Departamento de Cíências Ambientais and the Programa Análise Ambiental Integrada, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Janette Wallis
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma
| | - Serge Wich
- School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - Roman M Wittig
- Tai Chimpanzee Project, Centre Suisse des Recherche Scientifique, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
| | - Hjalmar S KÜhl
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Leipzig, Germany and with the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, formerly the Department of Primatology, in Leipzig, Germany
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5
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Zhang L, Pacifici M, Li BV, Gibson L. Drought vulnerability among China's ungulates and mitigation offered by protected areas. CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lyubing Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong China
- State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote SensingWuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Michela Pacifici
- Global Mammal Assessment Program, Department of Biology and BiotechnologiesSapienza Università di Roma Rome Italy
| | - Binbin V. Li
- Environmental Research CentreDuke Kunshan University Kunshan Jiangsu China
| | - Luke Gibson
- School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong China
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6
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Burivalova Z, Purnomo, Wahyudi B, Boucher TM, Ellis P, Truskinger A, Towsey M, Roe P, Marthinus D, Griscom B, Game ET. Using soundscapes to investigate homogenization of tropical forest diversity in selectively logged forests. J Appl Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Burivalova
- Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs Princeton University Princeton NJ USA
- Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology and the Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies University of Wisconsin – Madison Madison WI USA
| | - Purnomo
- Yayasan Konservasi Alam Nusantara Jakarta Indonesia
| | | | | | | | - Anthony Truskinger
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science School Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Australia
| | - Michael Towsey
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science School Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Australia
| | - Paul Roe
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science School Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Australia
| | - Delon Marthinus
- The Governor’s Climate and Forests Task Force Boulder CO USA
| | | | - Edward T. Game
- The Nature Conservancy South Brisbane Australia
- School of Biological Sciences University of Queensland St. Lucia Australia
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7
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Morrissey-McCaffrey E, Shephard S, Kelly FL, Kelly-Quinn M. Non-native species and lake warming negatively affect Arctic char Salvelinus alpinus abundance; deep thermal refugia facilitate co-existence. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2019; 94:5-16. [PMID: 30315584 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study finds that non-native species and warming temperatures have significant negative effects on Arctic char Salvelinus alpinus abundance in Irish lakes. Eutrophication was not important at the range of total phosphorus tested (0.005-0.023 mg l-1 ). Model results predict that S. alpinus occur across the temperature range sampled (8.2-19.7°C) when non-natives are absent, but S. alpinus catch is predicted to be close to zero irrespective of temperature when non-native catch is high. This result indicates that to persist, S. alpinus may require a habitat where non-natives are at low abundance or absent. Salvelinus alpinus segregated from other species along the thermal axis, inhabiting significantly colder water and actively avoided non-native species, which appeared to limit their distribution. The thermal niche realized by S. alpinus in non-native dominated lakes was thus compressed relative to native dominated lakes and S. alpinus population density was significantly lower. These findings were consistent even when the only non-native present was Perca fluviatilis. Temperature appeared to limit the distribution of non-native species, such that the presence of deep thermal refugia is currently facilitating S. alpinus co-existence with non-natives in associated lakes. Diet analysis identified P. fluviatilis as potential predators and competitors. This study provides strong evidence that non-native species are a key driver of low S. alpinus abundance in Irish lakes. Temperature increases associated with climate change are identified as a secondary concern, as they could erode S. alpinus' thermal niche and lead to their extirpation. The lower thermal buffering capacity of shallow lakes identifies these as higher risk systems. Salvelinus alpinus conservation in Ireland should focus on preventing future illegal non-native species introductions because unlike other stressors (e.g., eutrophication etc.), species introductions are rarely reversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Morrissey-McCaffrey
- Inland Fisheries Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Freshwater Biodiversity, Ecology and Fisheries Research Group, School of Biology and Environmental Science, & Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland
| | | | | | - Mary Kelly-Quinn
- Freshwater Biodiversity, Ecology and Fisheries Research Group, School of Biology and Environmental Science, & Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland
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8
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Boakes EH, Isaac NJ, Fuller RA, Mace GM, McGowan PJ. Examining the relationship between local extinction risk and position in range. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2018; 32:229-239. [PMID: 28678438 PMCID: PMC6849610 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Over half of globally threatened animal species have experienced rapid geographic range loss. Identifying the parts of species' distributions most vulnerable to local extinction would benefit conservation planning. However, previous studies give little consensus on whether ranges decline to the core or edge. We built on previous work by using empirical data to examine the position of recent local extinctions within species' geographic ranges, address range position as a continuum, and explore the influence of environmental factors. We aggregated point-locality data for 125 Galliform species from across the Palearctic and Indo-Malaya into equal-area half-degree grid cells and used a multispecies dynamic Bayesian occupancy model to estimate rates of local extinctions. Our model provides a novel approach to identify loss of populations from within species ranges. We investigated the relationship between extinction rates and distance from range edge by examining whether patterns were consistent across biogeographic realm and different categories of land use. In the Palearctic, local extinctions occurred closer to the range edge than range core in both unconverted and human-dominated landscapes. In Indo-Malaya, no pattern was found for unconverted landscapes, but in human-dominated landscapes extinctions tended to occur closer to the core than the edge. Our results suggest that local and regional factors override general spatial patterns of recent local extinction within species' ranges and highlight the difficulty of predicting the parts of a species' distribution most vulnerable to threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth H. Boakes
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment ResearchUniversity College LondonGower StreetLondonWC1E 6BTU.K.
| | | | - Richard A. Fuller
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia
| | - Georgina M. Mace
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment ResearchUniversity College LondonGower StreetLondonWC1E 6BTU.K.
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9
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Newbold T, Boakes EH, Hill SLL, Harfoot MBJ, Collen B. The present and future effects of land use on ecological assemblages in tropical grasslands and savannas in Africa. OIKOS 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.04338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Newbold
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Dept of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Univ. College London; London WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Elizabeth H. Boakes
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Dept of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Univ. College London; London WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Samantha L. L. Hill
- United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre; Cambridge UK
- Dept of Life Sciences; Natural History Museum; London UK
| | - Michael B. J. Harfoot
- United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre; Cambridge UK
| | - Ben Collen
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Dept of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Univ. College London; London WC1E 6BT UK
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10
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Griscom BW, Goodman RC, Burivalova Z, Putz FE. Carbon and Biodiversity Impacts of Intensive Versus Extensive Tropical Forestry. Conserv Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/conl.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosa C. Goodman
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU); Skogsmarksgränd 901 83 Umeå Sweden
| | - Zuzana Burivalova
- Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs; Princeton University; Princeton NJ 08540 USA
| | - Francis E. Putz
- Department of Biology; University of Florida; Gainesville FL 32611-8526 USA
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11
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Di Fonzo MMI, Collen B, Chauvenet ALM, Mace GM. Patterns of mammalian population decline inform conservation action. J Appl Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martina M. I. Di Fonzo
- Institute of Zoology; Zoological Society of London; Regent's Park London NW1 4RY UK
- Division of Ecology and Evolution; Imperial College London; Silwood Park Ascot SL5 7PY UK
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions; the NERP Environmental Decisions Hub; Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science; School of Biological Sciences; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Qld 4072 Australia
| | - Ben Collen
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment; Centre for Biodiversity & Environment Research; University College London; Gower Street London WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Aliénor L. M. Chauvenet
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions; the NERP Environmental Decisions Hub; Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science; School of Biological Sciences; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Qld 4072 Australia
| | - Georgina M. Mace
- Division of Ecology and Evolution; Imperial College London; Silwood Park Ascot SL5 7PY UK
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment; Centre for Biodiversity & Environment Research; University College London; Gower Street London WC1E 6BT UK
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12
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Juan-Jordá MJ, Mosqueira I, Freire J, Dulvy NK. Population declines of tuna and relatives depend on their speed of life. Proc Biol Sci 2016; 282:rspb.2015.0322. [PMID: 26156763 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2015.0322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Larger-bodied species in a wide range of taxonomic groups including mammals, fishes and birds tend to decline more steeply and are at greater risk of extinction. Yet, the diversity in life histories is governed not only by body size, but also by time-related traits. A key question is whether this size-dependency of vulnerability also holds, not just locally, but globally across a wider range of environments. We test the relative importance of size- and time-related life-history traits and fishing mortality in determining population declines and current exploitation status in tunas and their relatives. We use high-quality datasets of half a century of population trajectories combined with population-level fishing mortalities and life-history traits. Time-related traits (e.g. growth rate), rather than size-related traits (e.g. maximum size), better explain the extent and rate of declines and current exploitation status across tuna assemblages, after controlling for fishing mortality. Consequently, there is strong geographical patterning in population declines, such that populations with slower life histories (found at higher cooler latitudes) have declined most and more steeply and have a higher probability of being overfished than populations with faster life histories (found at tropical latitudes). Hence, the strong, temperature-driven, latitudinal gradients in life-history traits may underlie the global patterning of population declines, fisheries collapses and local extinctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Juan-Jordá
- AZTI Tecnalia, Herrera Kaia, Portualdea z/g, Pasaia, Gipuzkoa 20110, Spain Earth to Ocean Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
| | - I Mosqueira
- European Commission, Joint Research Center, Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen, Maritime Affairs Unit G03, Ispra 21027, Italy
| | - J Freire
- Teamlabs, Calle de la Colegiata 9, Madrid 28012, Spain
| | - N K Dulvy
- Earth to Ocean Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
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Chaudhary A, Burivalova Z, Koh LP, Hellweg S. Impact of Forest Management on Species Richness: Global Meta-Analysis and Economic Trade-Offs. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23954. [PMID: 27040604 PMCID: PMC4819217 DOI: 10.1038/srep23954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Forests managed for timber have an important role to play in conserving global biodiversity. We evaluated the most common timber production systems worldwide in terms of their impact on local species richness by conducting a categorical meta-analysis. We reviewed 287 published studies containing 1008 comparisons of species richness in managed and unmanaged forests and derived management, taxon, and continent specific effect sizes. We show that in terms of local species richness loss, forest management types can be ranked, from best to worse, as follows: selection and retention systems, reduced impact logging, conventional selective logging, clear-cutting, agroforestry, timber plantations, fuelwood plantations. Next, we calculated the economic profitability in terms of the net present value of timber harvesting from 10 hypothetical wood-producing Forest Management Units (FMU) from around the globe. The ranking of management types is altered when the species loss per unit profit generated from the FMU is considered. This is due to differences in yield, timber species prices, rotation cycle length and production costs. We thus conclude that it would be erroneous to dismiss or prioritize timber production regimes, based solely on their ranking of alpha diversity impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Chaudhary
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zuzana Burivalova
- Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, 08540 Princeton NJ, USA
| | - Lian Pin Koh
- Environment Institute, and School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stefanie Hellweg
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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14
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Lootvoet AC, Philippon J, Bessa-Gomes C. Behavioral Correlates of Primates Conservation Status: Intrinsic Vulnerability to Anthropogenic Threats. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135585. [PMID: 26444966 PMCID: PMC4596868 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavioral traits are likely to influence species vulnerability to anthropogenic threats and in consequence, their risk of extinction. Several studies have addressed this question and have highlighted a correlation between reproductive strategies and different viability proxies, such as introduction success and local extinction risk. Yet, very few studies have investigated the effective impact of social behaviour, and evidence regarding global extinction risk remains scant. Here we examined the effects of three main behavioral factors: the group size, the social and reproductive system, and the strength of sexual selection on global extinction risk. Using Primates as biological model, we performed comparative analysis on 93 species. The conservation status as described by the IUCN Red List was considered as a proxy for extinction risk. In addition, we added previously identified intrinsic factors of vulnerability to extinction, and a measure of the strength of the human impact for each species, described by the human footprint. Our analysis highlighted a significant effect of two of the three studied behavioral traits, group size and social and reproductive system. Extinction risk is negatively correlated with mean group size, which may be due to an Allee effect resulting from the difficulties for solitary and monogamous species to find a partner at low densities. Our results also indicate that species with a flexible mating system are less vulnerable. Taking into account these behavioral variables is thus of high importance when establishing conservation plans, particularly when assessing species relative vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Christelle Lootvoet
- Laboratory “Ecologie, Systématique, Evolution”, UMR 8079, University Paris-Sud, Bâtiment 362, Orsay, France
- Laboratory “Ecologie, Systématique, Evolution”, UMR 8079, CNRS, Bâtiment 362, Orsay, France
- Laboratory “Ecologie, Systématique, Evolution”, UMR 8079, AgroParisTech, Bâtiment 362, Orsay, France
| | - Justine Philippon
- Laboratory “Ecologie, Systématique, Evolution”, UMR 8079, University Paris-Sud, Bâtiment 362, Orsay, France
- Laboratory “Ecologie, Systématique, Evolution”, UMR 8079, CNRS, Bâtiment 362, Orsay, France
- Laboratory “Ecologie, Systématique, Evolution”, UMR 8079, AgroParisTech, Bâtiment 362, Orsay, France
| | - Carmen Bessa-Gomes
- Laboratory “Ecologie, Systématique, Evolution”, UMR 8079, University Paris-Sud, Bâtiment 362, Orsay, France
- Laboratory “Ecologie, Systématique, Evolution”, UMR 8079, CNRS, Bâtiment 362, Orsay, France
- Laboratory “Ecologie, Systématique, Evolution”, UMR 8079, AgroParisTech, Bâtiment 362, Orsay, France
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15
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Small-scale spatial and temporal variation in the demographic processes underlying the large-scale decline of eiders in the Baltic Sea. POPUL ECOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10144-015-0517-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Curtis RJ, Brereton TM, Dennis RLH, Carbone C, Isaac NJB. Butterfly abundance is determined by food availability and is mediated by species traits. J Appl Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robin J. Curtis
- NERC Centre for Ecology & Hydrology; Maclean Building Crowmarsh Gifford Wallingford OX10 8BB UK
- University College London; Gower Street London WC1E 6BT UK
- Institute of Zoology; Zoological Society of London; Regent's Park London NW1 4RY UK
| | - Tom M. Brereton
- Butterfly Conservation; Manor Yard East Lulworth Wareham BH20 5QP UK
| | - Roger L. H. Dennis
- NERC Centre for Ecology & Hydrology; Maclean Building Crowmarsh Gifford Wallingford OX10 8BB UK
- Institute for Environment, Sustainability and Regeneration; The Science Centre; Staffordshire University; Room 113, Leek Road Stoke-on-Trent ST4 2DF UK
| | - Chris Carbone
- Institute of Zoology; Zoological Society of London; Regent's Park London NW1 4RY UK
| | - Nick J. B. Isaac
- NERC Centre for Ecology & Hydrology; Maclean Building Crowmarsh Gifford Wallingford OX10 8BB UK
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17
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Burivalova Z, Lee TM, Giam X, Şekercioğlu ÇH, Wilcove DS, Koh LP. Avian responses to selective logging shaped by species traits and logging practices. Proc Biol Sci 2015; 282:20150164. [PMID: 25994673 PMCID: PMC4455798 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2015.0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective logging is one of the most common forms of forest use in the tropics. Although the effects of selective logging on biodiversity have been widely studied, there is little agreement on the relationship between life-history traits and tolerance to logging. In this study, we assessed how species traits and logging practices combine to determine species responses to selective logging, based on over 4000 observations of the responses of nearly 1000 bird species to selective logging across the tropics. Our analysis shows that species traits, such as feeding group and body mass, and logging practices, such as time since logging and logging intensity, interact to influence a species' response to logging. Frugivores and insectivores were most adversely affected by logging and declined further with increasing logging intensity. Nectarivores and granivores responded positively to selective logging for the first two decades, after which their abundances decrease below pre-logging levels. Larger species of omnivores and granivores responded more positively to selective logging than smaller species from either feeding group, whereas this effect of body size was reversed for carnivores, herbivores, frugivores and insectivores. Most importantly, species most negatively impacted by selective logging had not recovered approximately 40 years after logging cessation. We conclude that selective timber harvest has the potential to cause large and long-lasting changes in avian biodiversity. However, our results suggest that the impacts can be mitigated to a certain extent through specific forest management strategies such as lengthening the rotation cycle and implementing reduced impact logging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Burivalova
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, CHN G 73.1, Universitätstrasse 16, Zürich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Tien Ming Lee
- Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-1013, USA
| | - Xingli Giam
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-1013, USA School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Çağan Hakkı Şekercioğlu
- Department of Biology, The University of Utah, 257 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA College of Sciences, Koç University, Rumelifeneri, Sariyer 34450, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - David S Wilcove
- Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-1013, USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-1013, USA
| | - Lian Pin Koh
- Environment Institute, and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
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18
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Maron M, McAlpine CA, Watson JEM, Maxwell S, Barnard P. Climate-induced resource bottlenecks exacerbate species vulnerability: a review. DIVERS DISTRIB 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Martine Maron
- The University of Queensland; Landscape Ecology and Conservation Group; School of Geography; Planning and Environmental Management; Brisbane Qld 4072 Australia
| | - Clive A. McAlpine
- The University of Queensland; Landscape Ecology and Conservation Group; School of Geography; Planning and Environmental Management; Brisbane Qld 4072 Australia
| | - James E. M. Watson
- The University of Queensland; Landscape Ecology and Conservation Group; School of Geography; Planning and Environmental Management; Brisbane Qld 4072 Australia
- Wildlife Conservation Society; Global Conservation; 2300 Southern Boulevard Bronx NY 10460 USA
| | - Sean Maxwell
- The University of Queensland; Landscape Ecology and Conservation Group; School of Geography; Planning and Environmental Management; Brisbane Qld 4072 Australia
| | - Phoebe Barnard
- Climate Change Bioadaptation; Kirstenbosch Research Centre; South African National Biodiversity Institute; Private Bag X7 Claremont 7735 South Africa
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence; Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology; University of Cape Town; Rondebosch 7701 South Africa
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19
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Powney GD, Isaac NJB. Beyond maps: a review of the applications of biological records. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gary D. Powney
- NERC Centre for Ecology & Hydrology; Maclean Building, Benson Lane Wallingford Oxfordshire OX10 8BB UK
| | - Nick J. B. Isaac
- NERC Centre for Ecology & Hydrology; Maclean Building, Benson Lane Wallingford Oxfordshire OX10 8BB UK
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20
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Thresholds of logging intensity to maintain tropical forest biodiversity. Curr Biol 2014; 24:1893-8. [PMID: 25088557 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2014.06.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Primary tropical forests are lost at an alarming rate, and much of the remaining forest is being degraded by selective logging. Yet, the impacts of logging on biodiversity remain poorly understood, in part due to the seemingly conflicting findings of case studies: about as many studies have reported increases in biodiversity after selective logging as have reported decreases. Consequently, meta-analytical studies that treat selective logging as a uniform land use tend to conclude that logging has negligible effects on biodiversity. However, selectively logged forests might not all be the same. Through a pantropical meta-analysis and using an information-theoretic approach, we compared and tested alternative hypotheses for key predictors of the richness of tropical forest fauna in logged forest. We found that the species richness of invertebrates, amphibians, and mammals decreases as logging intensity increases and that this effect varies with taxonomic group and continental location. In particular, mammals and amphibians would suffer a halving of species richness at logging intensities of 38 m(3) ha(-1) and 63 m(3) ha(-1), respectively. Birds exhibit an opposing trend as their total species richness increases with logging intensity. An analysis of forest bird species, however, suggests that this pattern is largely due to an influx of habitat generalists into heavily logged areas while forest specialist species decline. Our study provides a quantitative analysis of the nuanced responses of species along a gradient of logging intensity, which could help inform evidence-based sustainable logging practices from the perspective of biodiversity conservation.
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Dirzo
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Hillary S Young
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Mauro Galetti
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, SP, 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Gerardo Ceballos
- Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 70-275, México D.F. 04510, Mexico
| | - Nick J B Isaac
- Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Ben Collen
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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22
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Olea PP, Mateo-Tomás P. Living in risky landscapes: delineating management units in multithreat environments for effective species conservation. J Appl Ecol 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro P. Olea
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC); CSIC-UCLM-JCCM; Ronda de Toledo s/n Ciudad Real 13071 Spain
| | - Patricia Mateo-Tomás
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC); CSIC-UCLM-JCCM; Ronda de Toledo s/n Ciudad Real 13071 Spain
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23
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Verde Arregoitia LD, Blomberg SP, Fisher DO. Phylogenetic correlates of extinction risk in mammals: species in older lineages are not at greater risk. Proc Biol Sci 2013; 280:20131092. [PMID: 23825210 PMCID: PMC3712450 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2013.1092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Phylogenetic information is becoming a recognized basis for evaluating conservation priorities, but associations between extinction risk and properties of a phylogeny such as diversification rates and phylogenetic lineage ages remain unclear. Limited taxon-specific analyses suggest that species in older lineages are at greater risk. We calculate quantitative properties of the mammalian phylogeny and model extinction risk as an ordinal index based on International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List categories. We test for associations between lineage age, clade size, evolutionary distinctiveness and extinction risk for 3308 species of terrestrial mammals. We show no significant global or regional associations, and three significant relationships within taxonomic groups. Extinction risk increases for evolutionarily distinctive primates and decreases with lineage age when lemurs are excluded. Lagomorph species (rabbits, hares and pikas) that have more close relatives are less threatened. We examine the relationship between net diversification rates and extinction risk for 173 genera and find no pattern. We conclude that despite being under-represented in the frequency distribution of lineage ages, species in older, slower evolving and distinct lineages are not more threatened or extinction-prone. Their extinction, however, would represent a disproportionate loss of unique evolutionary history.
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24
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Nichols E, Uriarte M, Bunker DE, Favila ME, Slade EM, Vulinec K, Larsen T, Vaz-de-Mello FZ, Louzada J, Naeem S, Spector SH. Trait-dependent response of dung beetle populations to tropical forest conversion at local and regional scales. Ecology 2013; 94:180-9. [PMID: 23600252 DOI: 10.1890/12-0251.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Comparative analyses that link information on species' traits, environmental change, and organism response have rarely identified unambiguous trait correlates of vulnerability. We tested if species' traits could predict local-scale changes in dung beetle population response to three levels of forest conversion intensity within and across two biogeographic regions (the Neotropics and Afro-Eurasian tropics). We combined biodiversity surveys, a global molecular phylogeny, and information on three species' traits hypothesized to influence vulnerability to forest conversion to examine (1) the consistency of beetle population response across regions, (2) if species' traits could predict this response, and (3) the cross-regional consistency of trait-response relationships. Most beetle populations declined following any degree of forest conversion; these declines were strongest for Neotropical species. The relationship between traits and population trend was greatly influenced by local and biogeographic context. We discuss the ability of species' traits to explain population trends and suggest several ways to strengthen trait-response models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Nichols
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA.
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25
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Pearce F, Carbone C, Cowlishaw G, Isaac NJB. Space-use scaling and home range overlap in primates. Proc Biol Sci 2013; 280:20122122. [PMID: 23193124 PMCID: PMC3574404 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2012.2122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Space use is an important aspect of animal ecology, yet our understanding is limited by a lack of synthesis between interspecific and intraspecific studies. We present analyses of a dataset of 286 estimates of home range overlap from 100 primate species, with comparable samples for other space-use traits. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first multispecies study using overlap data estimated directly from field observations. We find that space-use traits in primates are only weakly related to body mass, reflecting their largely arboreal habits. Our results confirm a theory that home range overlap explains the differences in allometric scaling between population density and home range size. We then test a suite of hypotheses to explain home range overlap, both among and within species. We find that overlap is highest for larger-bodied species living in large home ranges at high population densities, where annual rainfall is low, and is higher for arboreal than terrestrial species. Most of these results are consistent with the economics of resource defence, although the predictions of one specific theory of home range overlap are not supported. We conclude that home range overlap is somewhat predictable, but the theoretical basis of animal space use remains patchy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Pearce
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London NW1 4RY, UK
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Chris Carbone
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London NW1 4RY, UK
| | - Guy Cowlishaw
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London NW1 4RY, UK
| | - Nick J. B. Isaac
- NERC Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Oxfordshire, Wallingford OX10 8BB, UK
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26
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Ameca y Juárez EI, Mace GM, Cowlishaw G, Pettorelli N. Natural population die-offs: causes and consequences for terrestrial mammals. Trends Ecol Evol 2012; 27:272-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2011.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2011] [Revised: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 11/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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27
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28
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Spatial Ecology of the Endangered Milne-Edwards’ Sifaka (Propithecus edwardsi): Do Logging and Season Affect Home Range and Daily Ranging Patterns? INT J PRIMATOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10764-011-9576-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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29
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Gonedelé Bi S, Koné I, Bitty AE, Béné Koffi J, Akpatou B, Zinner D. Distribution and Conservation Status of Catarrhine Primates in Côte dIvoire (West Africa). Folia Primatol (Basel) 2012; 83:11-23. [DOI: 10.1159/000338752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2010] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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30
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Selectivity of terrestrial gastropod extinctions on an oceanic archipelago and insights into the anthropogenic extinction process. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:9496-501. [PMID: 21606352 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1100085108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic impacts have led to widespread extinctions of species on oceanic islands but the nature of many of these extinctions remains poorly known. Here we investigate extinction selectivities of terrestrial gastropods from the Ogasawara archipelago in the northwest Pacific, where anthropogenic threats have changed over time, shifting primarily from the effects of habitat loss to predation by a variety of different predators. Across all of the islands, extinct species had significantly smaller geographic ranges compared with species that are still alive, but among the surviving species, ranges of those that are currently declining due to human impacts do not differ significantly from those that are not threatened. Extinctions were selective with respect to spire index (SI) of shells, a trait of potential functional importance, but the relationship between body size and extinction vulnerability varied among extinction agents, some of which were strongly size selective, whereas others were not. Overall, whereas anthropogenic impacts have resulted in nonrandom losses of phenotypic diversity, the patterns of selectivity are complex, vary among islands, and with the type of threat. As extinction agents have changed historically, so has the pattern of loss. Because of the changing nature of anthropogenic impacts, resiliency to one type of threat does not guarantee long-term survival of species and future patterns of biodiversity loss on these islands are likely to be different from those in the past.
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31
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Culp JM, Armanini DG, Dunbar MJ, Orlofske JM, Poff NL, Pollard AI, Yates AG, Hose GC. Incorporating traits in aquatic biomonitoring to enhance causal diagnosis and prediction. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2011; 7:187-97. [PMID: 21442732 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2010] [Revised: 04/02/2010] [Accepted: 07/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The linkage of trait responses to stressor gradients has potential to expand biomonitoring approaches beyond traditional taxonomically based assessments that identify ecological effect to provide a causal diagnosis. Traits-based information may have several advantages over taxonomically based methods. These include providing mechanistic linkages of biotic responses to environmental conditions, consistent descriptors or metrics across broad spatial scales, more seasonal stability compared with taxonomic measures, and seamless integration of traits-based analysis into assessment programs. A traits-based biomonitoring approach does not require a new biomonitoring framework, because contemporary biomonitoring programs gather the basic site-by-species composition matrices required to link community data to the traits database. Impediments to the adoption of traits-based biomonitoring relate to the availability, consistency, and applicability of existing trait data. For example, traits generalizations among taxa across biogeographical regions are rare, and no consensus exists relative to the required taxonomic resolution and methodology for traits assessment. Similarly, we must determine if traits form suites that are related to particular stressor effects, and whether significant variation of traits occurs among allopatric populations. Finally, to realize the potential of traits-based approaches in biomonitoring, a concerted effort to standardize terminology is required, along with the establishment of protocols to ease the sharing and merging of broad, geographical trait information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Culp
- Environment Canada, NWRI, University of New Brunswick, 10 Bailey Drive, Fredericton, NB E3B5A3, Canada.
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32
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Pocock MJO. Can traits predict species' vulnerability? A test with farmland passerines in two continents. Proc Biol Sci 2010; 278:1532-8. [PMID: 21047852 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2010.1971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Species' traits have been used both to explain and, increasingly, to predict species' vulnerability. Trait-based comparative analyses allow mechanisms causing vulnerability to be inferred and, ideally, conservation effort to be focused efficiently and effectively. However, empirical evidence of the predictive ability of trait-based approaches is largely wanting. I tested the predictive power of trait-based analyses on geographically replicated datasets of farmland bird population trends. I related the traits of farmland passerines with their long-term trends in abundance (an assessment of their response to agricultural intensification) in eight regions in two continents. These analyses successfully identified explanatory relationships in the regions, specifically: species faring badly tended to be medium-sized, had relatively short incubation and fledging periods, were longer distant migrants, had small relative brain sizes and were farmland specialists. Despite this, the models had poor ability to predict species' vulnerability in one region from trait-population trend relationships from a different region. In many cases, the explained variation was low (median R(2) = 8%). The low predictive ability of trait-based analyses must therefore be considered if such trait-based models are used to inform conservation priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J O Pocock
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Woodland Road, Bristol BS8 1UG, UK.
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