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Kufer K, Schmitter CV, Kircher T, Straube B. Temporal recalibration in response to delayed visual feedback of active versus passive actions: an fMRI study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4632. [PMID: 38409306 PMCID: PMC10897428 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54660-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The brain can adapt its expectations about the relative timing of actions and their sensory outcomes in a process known as temporal recalibration. This might occur as the recalibration of timing between the sensory (e.g. visual) outcome and (1) the motor act (sensorimotor) or (2) tactile/proprioceptive information (inter-sensory). This fMRI recalibration study investigated sensorimotor contributions to temporal recalibration by comparing active and passive conditions. Subjects were repeatedly exposed to delayed (150 ms) or undelayed visual stimuli, triggered by active or passive button presses. Recalibration effects were tested in delay detection tasks, including visual and auditory outcomes. We showed that both modalities were affected by visual recalibration. However, an active advantage was observed only in visual conditions. Recalibration was generally associated with the left cerebellum (lobules IV, V and vermis) while action related activation (active > passive) occurred in the right middle/superior frontal gyri during adaptation and test phases. Recalibration transfer from vision to audition was related to action specific activations in the cingulate cortex, the angular gyrus and left inferior frontal gyrus. Our data provide new insights in sensorimotor contributions to temporal recalibration via the middle/superior frontal gyri and inter-sensory contributions mediated by the cerebellum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Kufer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Strasse 8, 35039, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 6, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Christina V Schmitter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Strasse 8, 35039, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 6, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Tilo Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Strasse 8, 35039, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 6, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Straube
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Strasse 8, 35039, Marburg, Germany.
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 6, 35032, Marburg, Germany.
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Bouwer FL, Háden GP, Honing H. Probing Beat Perception with Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) in Human Adults, Newborns, and Nonhuman Primates. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1455:227-256. [PMID: 38918355 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-60183-5_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this chapter is to give an overview of how the perception of rhythmic temporal regularity such as a regular beat in music can be studied in human adults, human newborns, and nonhuman primates using event-related brain potentials (ERPs). First, we discuss different aspects of temporal structure in general, and musical rhythm in particular, and we discuss the possible mechanisms underlying the perception of regularity (e.g., a beat) in rhythm. Additionally, we highlight the importance of dissociating beat perception from the perception of other types of structure in rhythm, such as predictable sequences of temporal intervals, ordinal structure, and rhythmic grouping. In the second section of the chapter, we start with a discussion of auditory ERPs elicited by infrequent and frequent sounds: ERP responses to regularity violations, such as mismatch negativity (MMN), N2b, and P3, as well as early sensory responses to sounds, such as P1 and N1, have been shown to be instrumental in probing beat perception. Subsequently, we discuss how beat perception can be probed by comparing ERP responses to sounds in regular and irregular sequences, and by comparing ERP responses to sounds in different metrical positions in a rhythm, such as on and off the beat or on strong and weak beats. Finally, we will discuss previous research that has used the aforementioned ERPs and paradigms to study beat perception in human adults, human newborns, and nonhuman primates. In doing so, we consider the possible pitfalls and prospects of the technique, as well as future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fleur L Bouwer
- Cognitive Psychology Unit, Institute of Psychology, Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Department of Psychology, Brain & Cognition, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Gábor P Háden
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Telecommunications and Media Informatics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Henkjan Honing
- Music Cognition group (MCG), Institute for Logic, Language and Computation (ILLC), Amsterdam Brain and Cognition (ABC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Mannarelli D, Pauletti C, Missori P, Trompetto C, Cotellessa F, Fattapposta F, Currà A. Cerebellum's Contribution to Attention, Executive Functions and Timing: Psychophysiological Evidence from Event-Related Potentials. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1683. [PMID: 38137131 PMCID: PMC10741792 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13121683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Since 1998, when Schmahmann first proposed the concept of the "cognitive affective syndrome" that linked cerebellar damage to cognitive and emotional impairments, a substantial body of literature has emerged. Anatomical, neurophysiological, and functional neuroimaging data suggest that the cerebellum contributes to cognitive functions through specific cerebral-cerebellar connections organized in a series of parallel loops. The aim of this paper is to review the current findings on the involvement of the cerebellum in selective cognitive functions, using a psychophysiological perspective with event-related potentials (ERPs), alone or in combination with non-invasive brain stimulation techniques. ERPs represent a very informative method of monitoring cognitive functioning online and have the potential to serve as valuable biomarkers of brain dysfunction that is undetected by other traditional clinical tools. This review will focus on the data on attention, executive functions, and time processing obtained in healthy subjects and patients with varying clinical conditions, thus confirming the role of ERPs in understanding the role of the cerebellum in cognition and exploring the potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications of ERP-based assessments in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Mannarelli
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 30, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.M.); (C.P.); (P.M.); (F.F.)
| | - Caterina Pauletti
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 30, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.M.); (C.P.); (P.M.); (F.F.)
| | - Paolo Missori
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 30, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.M.); (C.P.); (P.M.); (F.F.)
| | - Carlo Trompetto
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (C.T.); (F.C.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Division of Neurorehabilitation, Department of Neuroscience, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Filippo Cotellessa
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (C.T.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesco Fattapposta
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 30, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.M.); (C.P.); (P.M.); (F.F.)
| | - Antonio Currà
- Academic Neurology Unit, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04019 Terracina, Italy
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Schmitter CV, Kufer K, Steinsträter O, Sommer J, Kircher T, Straube B. Neural correlates of temporal recalibration to delayed auditory feedback of active and passive movements. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:6227-6244. [PMID: 37818950 PMCID: PMC10619381 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
When we perform an action, its sensory outcomes usually follow shortly after. This characteristic temporal relationship aids in distinguishing self- from externally generated sensory input. To preserve this ability under dynamically changing environmental conditions, our expectation of the timing between action and outcome must be able to recalibrate, for example, when the outcome is consistently delayed. Until now, it remains unclear whether this process, known as sensorimotor temporal recalibration, can be specifically attributed to recalibration of sensorimotor (action-outcome) predictions, or whether it may be partly due to the recalibration of expectations about the intersensory (e.g., audio-tactile) timing. Therefore, we investigated the behavioral and neural correlates of temporal recalibration and differences in sensorimotor and intersensory contexts. During fMRI, subjects were exposed to delayed or undelayed tones elicited by actively or passively generated button presses. While recalibration of the expected intersensory timing (i.e., between the tactile sensation during the button movement and the tones) can be expected to occur during both active and passive movements, recalibration of sensorimotor predictions should be limited to active movement conditions. Effects of this procedure on auditory temporal perception and the modality-transfer to visual perception were tested in a delay detection task. Across both contexts, we found recalibration to be associated with activations in hippocampus and cerebellum. Context-dependent differences emerged in terms of stronger behavioral recalibration effects in sensorimotor conditions and were captured by differential activation pattern in frontal cortices, cerebellum, and sensory processing regions. These findings highlight the role of the hippocampus in encoding and retrieving newly acquired temporal stimulus associations during temporal recalibration. Furthermore, recalibration-related activations in the cerebellum may reflect the retention of multiple representations of temporal stimulus associations across both contexts. Finally, we showed that sensorimotor predictions modulate recalibration-related processes in frontal, cerebellar, and sensory regions, which potentially account for the perceptual advantage of sensorimotor versus intersensory temporal recalibration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina V. Schmitter
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity of MarburgMarburgHesseGermany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB)University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University GiessenMarburgHesseGermany
| | - Konstantin Kufer
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity of MarburgMarburgHesseGermany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB)University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University GiessenMarburgHesseGermany
| | - Olaf Steinsträter
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity of MarburgMarburgHesseGermany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB)University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University GiessenMarburgHesseGermany
| | - Jens Sommer
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity of MarburgMarburgHesseGermany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB)University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University GiessenMarburgHesseGermany
| | - Tilo Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity of MarburgMarburgHesseGermany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB)University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University GiessenMarburgHesseGermany
| | - Benjamin Straube
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity of MarburgMarburgHesseGermany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB)University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University GiessenMarburgHesseGermany
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Harry BB, Margulies DS, Falkiewicz M, Keller PE. Brain networks for temporal adaptation, anticipation, and sensory-motor integration in rhythmic human behavior. Neuropsychologia 2023; 183:108524. [PMID: 36868500 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Human interaction often requires the precise yet flexible interpersonal coordination of rhythmic behavior, as in group music making. The present fMRI study investigates the functional brain networks that may facilitate such behavior by enabling temporal adaptation (error correction), prediction, and the monitoring and integration of information about 'self' and the external environment. Participants were required to synchronize finger taps with computer-controlled auditory sequences that were presented either at a globally steady tempo with local adaptations to the participants' tap timing (Virtual Partner task) or with gradual tempo accelerations and decelerations but without adaptation (Tempo Change task). Connectome-based predictive modelling was used to examine patterns of brain functional connectivity related to individual differences in behavioral performance and parameter estimates from the adaptation and anticipation model (ADAM) of sensorimotor synchronization for these two tasks under conditions of varying cognitive load. Results revealed distinct but overlapping brain networks associated with ADAM-derived estimates of temporal adaptation, anticipation, and the integration of self-controlled and externally controlled processes across task conditions. The partial overlap between ADAM networks suggests common hub regions that modulate functional connectivity within and between the brain's resting-state networks and additional sensory-motor regions and subcortical structures in a manner reflecting coordination skill. Such network reconfiguration might facilitate sensorimotor synchronization by enabling shifts in focus on internal and external information, and, in social contexts requiring interpersonal coordination, variations in the degree of simultaneous integration and segregation of these information sources in internal models that support self, other, and joint action planning and prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronson B Harry
- The MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Daniel S Margulies
- Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and Université de Paris, Paris, France; Max Planck Research Group for Neuroanatomy and Connectivity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marcel Falkiewicz
- Max Planck Research Group for Neuroanatomy and Connectivity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter E Keller
- The MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia; Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & The Royal Academy of Music Aarhus/Aalborg, Aarhus, Denmark.
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Saalasti S, Alho J, Lahnakoski JM, Bacha-Trams M, Glerean E, Jääskeläinen IP, Hasson U, Sams M. Lipreading a naturalistic narrative in a female population: Neural characteristics shared with listening and reading. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e2869. [PMID: 36579557 PMCID: PMC9927859 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Few of us are skilled lipreaders while most struggle with the task. Neural substrates that enable comprehension of connected natural speech via lipreading are not yet well understood. METHODS We used a data-driven approach to identify brain areas underlying the lipreading of an 8-min narrative with participants whose lipreading skills varied extensively (range 6-100%, mean = 50.7%). The participants also listened to and read the same narrative. The similarity between individual participants' brain activity during the whole narrative, within and between conditions, was estimated by a voxel-wise comparison of the Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) signal time courses. RESULTS Inter-subject correlation (ISC) of the time courses revealed that lipreading, listening to, and reading the narrative were largely supported by the same brain areas in the temporal, parietal and frontal cortices, precuneus, and cerebellum. Additionally, listening to and reading connected naturalistic speech particularly activated higher-level linguistic processing in the parietal and frontal cortices more consistently than lipreading, probably paralleling the limited understanding obtained via lip-reading. Importantly, higher lipreading test score and subjective estimate of comprehension of the lipread narrative was associated with activity in the superior and middle temporal cortex. CONCLUSIONS Our new data illustrates that findings from prior studies using well-controlled repetitive speech stimuli and stimulus-driven data analyses are also valid for naturalistic connected speech. Our results might suggest an efficient use of brain areas dealing with phonological processing in skilled lipreaders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satu Saalasti
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Brain and Mind Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland.,Advanced Magnetic Imaging (AMI) Centre, Aalto NeuroImaging, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Jussi Alho
- Brain and Mind Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Juha M Lahnakoski
- Brain and Mind Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland.,Independent Max Planck Research Group for Social Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behaviour (INM-7), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mareike Bacha-Trams
- Brain and Mind Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Enrico Glerean
- Brain and Mind Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland.,Department of Psychology and the Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, USA
| | - Iiro P Jääskeläinen
- Brain and Mind Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Uri Hasson
- Department of Psychology and the Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, USA
| | - Mikko Sams
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland.,Aalto Studios - MAGICS, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
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Garnett EO, McAuley JD, Wieland EA, Chow HM, Zhu DC, Dilley LC, Chang SE. Auditory rhythm discrimination in adults who stutter: An fMRI study. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2023; 236:105219. [PMID: 36577315 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2022.105219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Rhythm perception deficits have been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders affecting speech and language. Children who stutter have shown poorer rhythm discrimination and attenuated functional connectivity in rhythm-related brain areas, which may negatively impact timing control required for speech. It is unclear whether adults who stutter (AWS), who are likely to have acquired compensatory adaptations in response to rhythm processing/timing deficits, are similarly affected. We compared rhythm discrimination in AWS and controls (total n = 36) during fMRI in two matched conditions: simple rhythms that consistently reinforced a periodic beat, and complex rhythms that did not (requiring greater reliance on internal timing). Consistent with an internal beat deficit hypothesis, behavioral results showed poorer complex rhythm discrimination for AWS than controls. In AWS, greater stuttering severity was associated with poorer rhythm discrimination. AWS showed increased activity within beat-based timing regions and increased functional connectivity between putamen and cerebellum (supporting interval-based timing) for simple rhythms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily O Garnett
- University of Michigan, Rachel Upjohn Building, 4250 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - J Devin McAuley
- Michigan State University, 619 Red Cedar Rd, East Lansing, MI 48864, USA
| | | | - Ho Ming Chow
- University of Michigan, Rachel Upjohn Building, 4250 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; University of Delaware, Tower at STAR, 100 Discovery Blvd, Newark, DE 19713, USA
| | - David C Zhu
- Michigan State University, Radiology Building, 846 Service Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Laura C Dilley
- Michigan State University, 619 Red Cedar Rd, East Lansing, MI 48864, USA
| | - Soo-Eun Chang
- University of Michigan, Rachel Upjohn Building, 4250 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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8
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Schmitter CV, Straube B. The impact of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on sensorimotor and inter-sensory temporal recalibration. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:998843. [PMID: 36111210 PMCID: PMC9468227 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.998843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The characteristic temporal relationship between actions and their sensory outcomes allows us to distinguish self- from externally generated sensory events. However, the complex sensory environment can cause transient delays between action and outcome calling for flexible recalibration of predicted sensorimotor timing. Since the neural underpinnings of this process are largely unknown this study investigated the involvement of the cerebellum by means of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (ctDCS). While receiving anodal, cathodal, dual-hemisphere or sham ctDCS, in an adaptation phase, participants were exposed to constant delays of 150 ms between actively or passively generated button presses and visual sensory outcomes. Recalibration in the same (visual outcome) and in another sensory modality (auditory outcome) was assessed in a subsequent test phase during which variable delays between button press and visual or auditory outcome had to be detected. Results indicated that temporal recalibration occurred in audition after anodal ctDCS while it was absent in vision. As the adaptation modality was visual, effects in audition suggest that recalibration occurred on a supra-modal level. In active conditions, anodal ctDCS improved sensorimotor recalibration at the delay level closest to the adaptation delay, suggesting a precise cerebellar-dependent temporal recalibration mechanism. In passive conditions, the facilitation of inter-sensory recalibration by anodal ctDCS was overall stronger and tuned to larger delays. These findings point to a role of the cerebellum in supra-modal temporal recalibration across sensorimotor and perceptual domains, but the differential manifestation of the effect across delay levels in active and passive conditions points to differences in the underlying mechanisms depending on the availability of action-based predictions. Furthermore, these results suggest that anodal ctDCS can be a promising tool for facilitating effects of temporal recalibration in sensorimotor and inter-sensory contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina V. Schmitter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Christina V. Schmitter,
| | - Benjamin Straube
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany
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Guinamard A, Clément S, Goemaere S, Mary A, Riquet A, Dellacherie D. Musical abilities in children with developmental cerebellar anomalies. Front Syst Neurosci 2022; 16:886427. [PMID: 36061946 PMCID: PMC9436271 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2022.886427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental Cerebellar Anomalies (DCA) are rare diseases (e.g., Joubert syndrome) that affect various motor and non-motor functions during childhood. The present study examined whether music perception and production are affected in children with DCA. Sixteen children with DCA and 37 healthy matched control children were tested with the Montreal Battery for Evaluation of Musical Abilities (MBEMA) to assess musical perception. Musical production was assessed using two singing tasks: a pitch-matching task and a melodic reproduction task. Mixed model analyses showed that children with DCA were impaired on the MBEMA rhythm perception subtest, whereas there was no difference between the two groups on the melodic perception subtest. Children with DCA were also impaired in the melodic reproduction task. In both groups, singing performance was positively correlated with rhythmic and melodic perception scores, and a strong correlation was found between singing ability and oro-bucco-facial praxis in children with DCA. Overall, children with DCA showed impairments in both music perception and production, although heterogeneity in cerebellar patient’s profiles was highlighted by individual analyses. These results confirm the role of the cerebellum in rhythm processing as well as in the vocal sensorimotor loop in a developmental perspective. Rhythmic deficits in cerebellar patients are discussed in light of recent work on predictive timing networks including the cerebellum. Our results open innovative remediation perspectives aiming at improving perceptual and/or production musical abilities while considering the heterogeneity of patients’ clinical profiles to design music-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Guinamard
- Univ. Lille, ULR 4072 – PSITEC – Psychologie: Interactions, Temps, Émotions, Cognition, Lille, France
- CHU Lille, Centre de Référence Malformations et Maladies Congénitales du Cervelet, Lille, France
- *Correspondence: Antoine Guinamard,
| | - Sylvain Clément
- Univ. Lille, ULR 4072 – PSITEC – Psychologie: Interactions, Temps, Émotions, Cognition, Lille, France
| | - Sophie Goemaere
- CHU Lille, Centre de Référence Malformations et Maladies Congénitales du Cervelet, Lille, France
- CHU Lille, Centre Régional de Diagnostic des Troubles d’Apprentissage, Lille, France
| | - Alice Mary
- CHU Lille, Centre de Référence Malformations et Maladies Congénitales du Cervelet, Lille, France
| | - Audrey Riquet
- CHU Lille, Centre de Référence Malformations et Maladies Congénitales du Cervelet, Lille, France
| | - Delphine Dellacherie
- Univ. Lille, ULR 4072 – PSITEC – Psychologie: Interactions, Temps, Émotions, Cognition, Lille, France
- CHU Lille, Centre de Référence Malformations et Maladies Congénitales du Cervelet, Lille, France
- Delphine Dellacherie,
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10
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Neural signals regulating motor synchronization in the primate deep cerebellar nuclei. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2504. [PMID: 35523898 PMCID: PMC9076601 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30246-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Movements synchronized with external rhythms are ubiquitous in our daily lives. Despite the involvement of the cerebellum, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In monkeys performing synchronized saccades to periodically alternating visual stimuli, we found that neuronal activity in the cerebellar dentate nucleus correlated with the timing of the next saccade and the current temporal error. One-third of the neurons were active regardless of saccade direction and showed greater activity for synchronized than for reactive saccades. During the transition from reactive to predictive saccades in each trial, the activity of these neurons coincided with target onset, representing an internal model of rhythmic structure rather than a specific motor command. The behavioural changes induced by electrical stimulation were explained by activating different groups of neurons at various strengths, suggesting that the lateral cerebellum contains multiple functional modules for the acquisition of internal rhythms, predictive motor control, and error detection during synchronized movements.
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11
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Uematsu A, Tanaka M. Effects of GABAergic and Glutamatergic Inputs on Temporal Prediction Signals in the Primate Cerebellar Nucleus. Neuroscience 2022; 482:161-171. [PMID: 35031083 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The cerebellum has been shown to be involved in temporal information processing. We recently demonstrated that neurons in the cerebellar dentate nucleus exhibited periodic activity predicting stimulus timing when monkeys attempted to detect a single omission of isochronous repetitive visual stimulus. In this study, we assessed the relative contribution of signals from Purkinje cells and mossy and climbing fibers to the periodic activity by comparing single neuronal firing before and during local infusion of GABA or glutamate receptor antagonists (gabazine or a mixture of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-nitro-2,3-dioxo-benzo[f]quinoxaline-7-sulfonamide hydrate (NBQX) and (±)-3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)-propyl-1-phosphonic acid (CPP)). Gabazine application reduced the magnitude of periodic activity and increased the baseline firing rate in most neurons. In contrast, during the blockade of glutamate receptors, both the magnitude of periodic firing modulation and the baseline activity remained unchanged in the population, while a minority of neurons significantly altered their activity. Furthermore, the amounts of changes in the baseline activity and the magnitude of periodic activity were inversely correlated in the gabazine experiments but not in the NBQX + CPP experiments. We also found that the variation of baseline activity decreased during gabazine application but sometimes increased during the blockade of glutamate receptors. These changes were not observed during prolonged recording without drug administration. These results suggest that the predictive neuronal activity in the dentate nucleus may mainly attribute to the inputs from the cerebellar cortex, while the signals from both mossy fibers and Purkinje cells may play a role in setting the level and variance of baseline activity during the task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Uematsu
- Department of Physiology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; Department of System Neuroscience, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Masaki Tanaka
- Department of Physiology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.
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12
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Emotional salience but not valence impacts anterior cingulate cortex conflict processing. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 22:1250-1263. [PMID: 35879595 PMCID: PMC9622519 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-022-01025-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli that evoke emotions are salient, draw attentional resources, and facilitate situationally appropriate behavior in complex or conflicting environments. However, negative and positive emotions may motivate different response strategies. For example, a threatening stimulus might evoke avoidant behavior, whereas a positive stimulus may prompt approaching behavior. Therefore, emotional stimuli might either elicit differential behavioral responses when a conflict arises or simply mark salience. The present study used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate valence-specific emotion effects on attentional control in conflict processing by employing an adapted flanker task with neutral, negative, and positive stimuli. Slower responses were observed for incongruent than congruent trials. Neural activity in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex was associated with conflict processing regardless of emotional stimulus quality. These findings confirm that both negative and positive emotional stimuli mark salience in both low (congruent) and high (incongruent) conflict scenarios. Regardless of the conflict level, emotional stimuli deployed greater attentional resources in goal directed behavior.
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13
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Pierce JE, Péron JA. Reward-Based Learning and Emotional Habit Formation in the Cerebellum. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1378:125-140. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-99550-8_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Stockert A, Schwartze M, Poeppel D, Anwander A, Kotz SA. Temporo-cerebellar connectivity underlies timing constraints in audition. eLife 2021; 10:67303. [PMID: 34542407 PMCID: PMC8480974 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The flexible and efficient adaptation to dynamic, rapid changes in the auditory environment likely involves generating and updating of internal models. Such models arguably exploit connections between the neocortex and the cerebellum, supporting proactive adaptation. Here, we tested whether temporo-cerebellar disconnection is associated with the processing of sound at short timescales. First, we identify lesion-specific deficits for the encoding of short timescale spectro-temporal non-speech and speech properties in patients with left posterior temporal cortex stroke. Second, using lesion-guided probabilistic tractography in healthy participants, we revealed bidirectional temporo-cerebellar connectivity with cerebellar dentate nuclei and crura I/II. These findings support the view that the encoding and modeling of rapidly modulated auditory spectro-temporal properties can rely on a temporo-cerebellar interface. We discuss these findings in view of the conjecture that proactive adaptation to a dynamic environment via internal models is a generalizable principle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Stockert
- Language and Aphasia Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Leipzig University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Schwartze
- Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - David Poeppel
- Department of Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt, Germany.,Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, United States
| | - Alfred Anwander
- Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sonja A Kotz
- Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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15
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Skipper JI, Lametti DR. Speech Perception under the Tent: A Domain-general Predictive Role for the Cerebellum. J Cogn Neurosci 2021; 33:1517-1534. [PMID: 34496370 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The role of the cerebellum in speech perception remains a mystery. Given its uniform architecture, we tested the hypothesis that it implements a domain-general predictive mechanism whose role in speech is determined by connectivity. We collated all neuroimaging studies reporting cerebellar activity in the Neurosynth database (n = 8206). From this set, we found all studies involving passive speech and sound perception (n = 72, 64% speech, 12.5% sounds, 12.5% music, and 11% tones) and speech production and articulation (n = 175). Standard and coactivation neuroimaging meta-analyses were used to compare cerebellar and associated cortical activations between passive perception and production. We found distinct regions of perception- and production-related activity in the cerebellum and regions of perception-production overlap. Each of these regions had distinct patterns of cortico-cerebellar connectivity. To test for domain-generality versus specificity, we identified all psychological and task-related terms in the Neurosynth database that predicted activity in cerebellar regions associated with passive perception and production. Regions in the cerebellum activated by speech perception were associated with domain-general terms related to prediction. One hallmark of predictive processing is metabolic savings (i.e., decreases in neural activity when events are predicted). To test the hypothesis that the cerebellum plays a predictive role in speech perception, we examined cortical activation between studies reporting cerebellar activation and those without cerebellar activation during speech perception. When the cerebellum was active during speech perception, there was far less cortical activation than when it was inactive. The results suggest that the cerebellum implements a domain-general mechanism related to prediction during speech perception.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel R Lametti
- University College London.,Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada
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16
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About time: Ageing influences neural markers of temporal predictability. Biol Psychol 2021; 163:108135. [PMID: 34126165 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2021.108135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Timing abilities help organizing the temporal structure of events but are known to change systematically with age. Yet, how the neuronal signature of temporal predictability changes across the age span remains unclear. Younger (n = 21; 23.1 years) and older adults (n = 21; 68.5 years) performed an auditory oddball task, consisting of isochronous and random sound sequences. Results confirm an altered P50 response in the older compared to younger participants. P50 amplitudes differed between the isochronous and random temporal structures in younger, and for P200 in the older group. These results suggest less efficient sensory gating in older adults in both isochronous and random auditory sequences. N100 amplitudes were more negative for deviant tones. P300 amplitudes were parietally enhanced in younger, but not in older adults. In younger participants, the P50 results confirm that this component marks temporal predictability, indicating sensitive gating of temporally regular sound sequences.
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17
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Martín-Fernández J, Burunat I, Modroño C, González-Mora JL, Plata-Bello J. Music Style Not Only Modulates the Auditory Cortex, but Also Motor Related Areas. Neuroscience 2021; 457:88-102. [PMID: 33465413 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The neuroscience of music has recently attracted significant attention, but the effect of music style on the activation of auditory-motor regions has not been explored. The aim of the present study is to analyze the differences in brain activity during passive listening to non-vocal excerpts of four different music genres (classical, reggaeton, electronic and folk). A functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment was performed. Twenty-eight participants with no musical training were included in the study. They had to passively listen to music excerpts of the above genres during fMRI acquisition. Imaging analysis was performed at the whole-brain-level and in auditory-motor regions of interest (ROIs). Furthermore, the musical competence of each participant was measured and its relationship with brain activity in the studied ROIs was analyzed. The whole brain analysis showed higher brain activity during reggaeton listening than the other music genres in auditory-related areas. The ROI-analysis showed that reggaeton led to higher activity not only in auditory related areas, but also in some motor related areas, mainly when it was compared with classical music. A positive relationship between the melodic-Music Ear Test (MET) score and brain activity during reggaeton listening was identified in some auditory and motor related areas. The findings revealed that listening to different music styles in musically inexperienced subjects elicits different brain activity in auditory and motor related areas. Reggaeton was, among the studied music genres, the one that evoked the highest activity in the auditory-motor network. These findings are discussed in connection with acoustic analyses of the musical stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Martín-Fernández
- Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de La Candelaria (Department of Neurosurgery), Spain
| | - Iballa Burunat
- Finnish Centre for Interdisciplinary Music Research, Department of Music, Art and Culture Studies, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Cristián Modroño
- University of La Laguna (Department of Basic Medical Sciences), Spain
| | | | - Julio Plata-Bello
- Hospital Universitario de Canarias (Department of Neurosurgery), Spain.
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18
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Breska A, Ivry RB. Context-specific control over the neural dynamics of temporal attention by the human cerebellum. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/49/eabb1141. [PMID: 33268365 PMCID: PMC7821877 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb1141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Physiological methods have identified a number of signatures of temporal prediction, a core component of attention. While the underlying neural dynamics have been linked to activity within cortico-striatal networks, recent work has shown that the behavioral benefits of temporal prediction rely on the cerebellum. Here, we examine the involvement of the human cerebellum in the generation and/or temporal adjustment of anticipatory neural dynamics, measuring scalp electroencephalography in individuals with cerebellar degeneration. When the temporal prediction relied on an interval representation, duration-dependent adjustments were impaired in the cerebellar group compared to matched controls. This impairment was evident in ramping activity, beta-band power, and phase locking of delta-band activity. These same neural adjustments were preserved when the prediction relied on a rhythmic stream. Thus, the cerebellum has a context-specific causal role in the adjustment of anticipatory neural dynamics of temporal prediction, providing the requisite modulation to optimize behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assaf Breska
- Department of Psychology and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Richard B Ivry
- Department of Psychology and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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19
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Pinheiro AP, Schwartze M, Kotz SA. Cerebellar circuitry and auditory verbal hallucinations: An integrative synthesis and perspective. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 118:485-503. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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20
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Rufener KS, Husemann AM, Zaehle T. The internal time keeper: Causal evidence for the role of the cerebellum in anticipating regular acoustic events. Cortex 2020; 133:177-187. [PMID: 33128913 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Most acoustic events in our environment do not appear randomly but are rather predictable due to the temporal regularity in that they occur. Besides sensory-related cortical areas, the cerebellum has been suggested as a key structure in temporal processing and in the anticipation of future events. Hence, patients with cerebellum lesions show impaired precision in temporal processing as reflected in the reduced ability to exploit temporal regularity. Using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), we here aimed to draw further causal conclusions on the human cerebellum as functionally relevant in temporal processing of acoustic events. We focused on the electrophysiologic P3b, a large positive wave apparent in the electroencephalography (EEG), that represents encoding of task-relevant events and that has been demonstrated as sensitive to the exploitation of temporal regularities. Participants received 30 min of anodal, cathodal or sham tDCS over the cerebellum while they performed two oddball paradigms with different temporal regularities in that the acoustic stimuli were presented. Following clinical observations, we hypothesized that tDCS-effects will be present in the regular oddball paradigm only, thus, in the condition that allows anticipating the occurrence of subsequent stimuli. In result, we found that cathodal tDCS over the cerebellum reduced the P3b-amplitude specifically in response to target stimuli in the regular paradigm. Thereby, tDCS-induced changes mirror the effects of cerebellar lesions in clinical samples. Our data provides direct evidence for a causal link between the human cerebellum and auditory processing of temporal regularity and emphasize future work on a potential benefit of cerebellar-tDCS in clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina S Rufener
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | | | - Tino Zaehle
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
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21
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Dellatolas G, Câmara-Costa H. The role of cerebellum in the child neuropsychological functioning. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2020; 173:265-304. [PMID: 32958180 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64150-2.00023-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This chapter proposes a review of neuropsychologic and behavior findings in pediatric pathologies of the cerebellum, including cerebellar malformations, pediatric ataxias, cerebellar tumors, and other acquired cerebellar injuries during childhood. The chapter also contains reviews of the cerebellar mutism/posterior fossa syndrome, reported cognitive associations with the development of the cerebellum in typically developing children and subjects born preterm, and the role of the cerebellum in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorders and developmental dyslexia. Cognitive findings in pediatric cerebellar disorders are considered in the context of known cerebellocerebral connections, internal cellular organization of the cerebellum, the idea of a universal cerebellar transform and computational internal models, and the role of the cerebellum in specific cognitive and motor functions, such as working memory, language, timing, or control of eye movements. The chapter closes with a discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of the cognitive affective syndrome as it has been described in children and some conclusions and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges Dellatolas
- GRC 24, Handicap Moteur et Cognitif et Réadaptation, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
| | - Hugo Câmara-Costa
- GRC 24, Handicap Moteur et Cognitif et Réadaptation, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Centre d'Etudes en Santé des Populations, INSERM U1018, Paris, France
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22
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Knolle F, Schwartze M, Schröger E, Kotz SA. Auditory Predictions and Prediction Errors in Response to Self-Initiated Vowels. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:1146. [PMID: 31708737 PMCID: PMC6823252 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that speech production is accomplished by an internal forward model, reducing processing activity directed to self-produced speech in the auditory cortex. The current study uses an established N1-suppression paradigm comparing self- and externally initiated natural speech sounds to answer two questions: (1) Are forward predictions generated to process complex speech sounds, such as vowels, initiated via a button press? (2) Are prediction errors regarding self-initiated deviant vowels reflected in the corresponding ERP components? Results confirm an N1-suppression in response to self-initiated speech sounds. Furthermore, our results suggest that predictions leading to the N1-suppression effect are specific, as self-initiated deviant vowels do not elicit an N1-suppression effect. Rather, self-initiated deviant vowels elicit an enhanced N2b and P3a compared to externally generated deviants, externally generated standard, or self-initiated standards, again confirming prediction specificity. Results show that prediction errors are salient in self-initiated auditory speech sounds, which may lead to more efficient error correction in speech production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Knolle
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Department of Neuroradiology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Schwartze
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Erich Schröger
- Institute of Psychology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sonja A Kotz
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute of Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
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23
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Tunc S, Baginski N, Lubs J, Bally JF, Weissbach A, Baaske MK, Tadic V, Brüggemann N, Bäumer T, Beste C, Münchau A. Predictive coding and adaptive behavior in patients with genetically determined cerebellar ataxia--A neurophysiology study. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2019; 24:102043. [PMID: 31678909 PMCID: PMC6978209 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Executive functions in hereditary cerebellar ataxia are investigated with EEG. Hereditary cerebellar ataxia patients have motor and nonmotor dysfunctions. Processes generating internal forward models are largely intact. Updating of mental models is disturbed in hereditary cerebellar ataxia.
Genetically determined cerebellar ataxias (CA) are a heterogeneous group of disorders with progressive decline of cerebellar functions. The cerebellum influences internal forward models that play a role in cognitive control, but whether these processes are dysfunctional in CA is unclear. Here, we examined sensory predictive coding processes and response adaptation in CA and healthy controls (HC) using behavioral tests with concomitant EEG recordings. N = 23 patients and N = 29 age- and sex-matched HC were studied. Sensory prediction coding was tested with an auditory distraction paradigm and error-related behavioral adaptation with a visual flanker task. As neurophysiological markers we studied different event-related potentials: the P3a for orientation of attention; the N2 and the error-related negativity (ERN) for cognitive adaptation processes/consequences of response errors; error-related positivity (Pe) for error-awareness; the mismatch negativity (MMN) for sensory predictive coding; and reorientation negativity (RON) for reorientation after unexpected events. Overall reaction times were slower in patients compared to HC, but error rates did not differ. Both in patients and HC, P3a amplitudes were larger in distraction trials, but the P3a amplitude was smaller in patients compared to HC. The MMN as well as behavioral and EEG-correlates of response adaptation (ERN/N2) did not differ between groups, while the Pe was attenuated in patients. During sensory predictive coding, RON amplitudes were significantly larger in HC compared to patients. In HC, but not in patients, RON amplitudes were also larger in deviant compared to frequent trials. Processes generating internal forward models are largely intact in genetically determined CA, whereas updating of mental models and error awareness are disturbed in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Tunc
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Germany; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Juliane Lubs
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - Julien F Bally
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anne Weissbach
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - Magdalena Khira Baaske
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Germany; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany
| | - Vera Tadic
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Germany; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany
| | - Norbert Brüggemann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Germany; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany
| | - Tobias Bäumer
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine of the TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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24
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Cognitive effects of rhythmic auditory stimulation in Parkinson's disease: A P300 study. Brain Res 2019; 1716:70-79. [PMID: 29777676 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS) may compensate dysfunctions of the basal ganglia (BG), involved with intrinsic evaluation of temporal intervals and action initiation or continuation. In the cognitive domain, RAS containing periodically presented tones facilitates young healthy participants' attention allocation to anticipated time points, indicated by better performance and larger P300 amplitudes to periodic compared to random stimuli. Additionally, active auditory-motor synchronization (AMS) leads to a more precise temporal encoding of stimuli via embodied timing encoding than stimulus presentation adapted to the participants' actual movements. Here we investigated the effect of RAS and AMS in Parkinson's disease (PD). 23 PD patients and 23 healthy age-matched controls underwent an auditory oddball task. We manipulated the timing (periodic/random/adaptive) and setting (pedaling/sitting still) of stimulation. While patients elicited a general timing effect, i.e., larger P300 amplitudes for periodic versus random tones for both, sitting and pedaling conditions, controls showed a timing effect only for the sitting but not for the pedaling condition. However, a correlation between P300 amplitudes and motor variability in the periodic pedaling condition was obtained in control participants only. We conclude that RAS facilitates attentional processing of temporally predictable external events in PD patients as well as healthy controls, but embodied timing encoding via body movement does not affect stimulus processing due to BG impairment in patients. Moreover, even with intact embodied timing encoding, such as healthy elderly, the effect of AMS depends on the degree of movement synchronization performance, which is very low in the current study.
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25
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Gilligan TM, Rafal RD. An Opponent Process Cerebellar Asymmetry for Regulating Word Association Priming. THE CEREBELLUM 2019; 18:47-55. [PMID: 29949097 PMCID: PMC6351516 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-018-0949-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A consensus has emerged that the cerebellum makes important contributions to a spectrum of linguistic processes, but that the psychobiology of these contributions remains enigmatic (Mariën et al., Cerebellum 13(3):386–410, 2014). One aspect of this enigma arises from the fact that, although the language-dominant left cerebral hemisphere is connected to the right cerebellum, distinctive contributions of the left cerebellar hemisphere have been documented (Murdoch and Whelan, Folia Phoniatr Logop 59:184–9, 2007), but remain poorly understood. Here, we report that neurodisruption of the left and right cerebellar hemispheres have opposite effects on associative word priming in a lexical decision task. Reaction time was measured for decisions on whether a target letter string constituted a word (e.g. bread) or, with equal probability, a pronounceable non-word (e.g. dreab). A prime word was presented for 150 ms before the target and could either, and with equal probability, be related (e.g. BUTTER) or unrelated (TRACTOR). Associative word priming was computed as the reduction in lexical decision RT on trials with related primes. Left cerebellar hemisphere continuous theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) decreased, and right hemisphere stimulation increased, priming. The results suggest that the cerebellum contributes to predictive sequential processing, in this case language, through an opponent process mechanism coordinated by both cerebellar hemispheres.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert D Rafal
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
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26
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Altered neocortical tactile but preserved auditory early change detection responses in Friedreich ataxia. Clin Neurophysiol 2019; 130:1299-1310. [PMID: 31176929 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study using magnetoencephalography (MEG) the spatio-temporal dynamics of neocortical responses involved in sensory processing and early change detection in Friedreich ataxia (FRDA). METHODS Tactile (TERs) and auditory (AERs) evoked responses, and early neocortical change detection responses indexed by the mismatch negativity (MMN) were recorded using tactile and auditory oddballs in sixteen FRDA patients and matched healthy subjects. Correlations between the maximal amplitude of each response, genotype and clinical parameters were investigated. RESULTS Evoked responses were detectable in all FRDA patients but one. In patients, TERs were delayed and reduced in amplitude, while AERs were only delayed. Only tactile MMN responses at the contralateral secondary somatosensory cortex were altered in FRDA patients. Maximal amplitudes of TERs, AERs and tactile MMN correlated with genotype, but did not correlate with clinical parameters. CONCLUSIONS In FRDA, theamplitude of tactile MMN responses at SII cortex are reduced and correlate with the genotype, whileauditory MMN responses are not altered. SIGNIFICANCE Somatosensory pathways and tactile early change detection are selectively impaired in FRDA.
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Ferrari C, Cattaneo Z, Oldrati V, Casiraghi L, Castelli F, D'Angelo E, Vecchi T. TMS Over the Cerebellum Interferes with Short-term Memory of Visual Sequences. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6722. [PMID: 29712981 PMCID: PMC5928079 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25151-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that the cerebellum is not only involved in motor functions, but it significantly contributes to sensory and cognitive processing as well. In particular, it has been hypothesized that the cerebellum identifies recurrent serial events and recognizes their violations. Here we used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to shed light on the role of the cerebellum in short-term memory of visual sequences. In two experiments, we found that TMS over the right cerebellar hemisphere impaired participants' ability to recognize the correct order of appearance of geometrical stimuli varying in shape and/or size. In turn, cerebellar TMS did not affect recognition of highly familiar short sequences of letters or numbers. Overall, our data suggest that the cerebellum is involved in memorizing the order in which (concatenated) stimuli appear, this process being important for sequence learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ferrari
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, 20126, Italy.
| | - Z Cattaneo
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, 20126, Italy.,IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - V Oldrati
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy.,Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - L Casiraghi
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy.,Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - F Castelli
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - E D'Angelo
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy.,Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - T Vecchi
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy.,Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy
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28
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Nozaradan S, Schwartze M, Obermeier C, Kotz SA. Specific contributions of basal ganglia and cerebellum to the neural tracking of rhythm. Cortex 2017; 95:156-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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29
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Pinheiro AP, Barros C, Dias M, Kotz SA. Laughter catches attention! Biol Psychol 2017; 130:11-21. [PMID: 28942367 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In social interactions, emotionally salient and sudden changes in vocal expressions attract attention. However, only a few studies examined how emotion and attention interact in voice processing. We investigated neutral, happy (laughs) and angry (growls) vocalizations in a modified oddball task. Participants silently counted the targets in each block and rated the valence and arousal of the vocalizations. A combined event-related potential and time-frequency analysis focused on the P3 and pre-stimulus alpha power to capture attention effects in response to unexpected events. Whereas an early differentiation between emotionally salient and neutral vocalizations was reflected in the P3a response, the P3b was selectively enhanced for happy voices. The P3b modulation was predicted by pre-stimulus frontal alpha desynchronization, and by the perceived pleasantness of the targets. These findings indicate that vocal emotions may be differently processed based on task relevance and valence. Increased anticipation and attention to positive vocal cues (laughter) may reflect their high social relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Pinheiro
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, CICPSI, Lisboa, Portugal; Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
| | - Carla Barros
- Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Marcelo Dias
- Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Sonja A Kotz
- Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Neuropsychology & Psychopharmacology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
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30
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Cao L, Veniero D, Thut G, Gross J. Role of the Cerebellum in Adaptation to Delayed Action Effects. Curr Biol 2017; 27:2442-2451.e3. [PMID: 28781049 PMCID: PMC5571438 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.06.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Actions are typically associated with sensory consequences. For example, knocking at a door results in predictable sounds. These self-initiated sensory stimuli are known to elicit smaller cortical responses compared to passively presented stimuli, e.g., early auditory evoked magnetic fields known as M100 and M200 components are attenuated. Current models implicate the cerebellum in the prediction of the sensory consequences of our actions. However, causal evidence is largely missing. In this study, we introduced a constant delay (of 100 ms) between actions and action-associated sounds, and we recorded magnetoencephalography (MEG) data as participants adapted to the delay. We found an increase in the attenuation of the M100 component over time for self-generated sounds, which indicates cortical adaptation to the introduced delay. In contrast, no change in M200 attenuation was found. Interestingly, disrupting cerebellar activity via transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) abolished the adaptation of M100 attenuation, while the M200 attenuation reverses to an M200 enhancement. Our results provide causal evidence for the involvement of the cerebellum in adapting to delayed action effects, and thus in the prediction of the sensory consequences of our actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyu Cao
- School of Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QB, UK; Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QB, UK; Department of Psychology (III), University of Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Domenica Veniero
- School of Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QB, UK; Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QB, UK
| | - Gregor Thut
- School of Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QB, UK; Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QB, UK
| | - Joachim Gross
- School of Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QB, UK; Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QB, UK
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31
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Costa-Faidella J, Sussman ES, Escera C. Selective entrainment of brain oscillations drives auditory perceptual organization. Neuroimage 2017; 159:195-206. [PMID: 28757195 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Perceptual sound organization supports our ability to make sense of the complex acoustic environment, to understand speech and to enjoy music. However, the neuronal mechanisms underlying the subjective experience of perceiving univocal auditory patterns that can be listened to, despite hearing all sounds in a scene, are poorly understood. We hereby investigated the manner in which competing sound organizations are simultaneously represented by specific brain activity patterns and the way attention and task demands prime the internal model generating the current percept. Using a selective attention task on ambiguous auditory stimulation coupled with EEG recordings, we found that the phase of low-frequency oscillatory activity dynamically tracks multiple sound organizations concurrently. However, whereas the representation of ignored sound patterns is circumscribed to auditory regions, large-scale oscillatory entrainment in auditory, sensory-motor and executive-control network areas reflects the active perceptual organization, thereby giving rise to the subjective experience of a unitary percept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Costa-Faidella
- Brainlab - Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, 08035, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08035, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Elyse S Sussman
- Departments of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA; Otorhinolaryngology-HNS, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Carles Escera
- Brainlab - Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, 08035, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08035, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950, Esplugues de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain.
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Right Lateral Cerebellum Represents Linguistic Predictability. J Neurosci 2017; 37:6231-6241. [PMID: 28546307 PMCID: PMC5490062 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3203-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicates that posterolateral portions of the cerebellum (right Crus I/II) contribute to language processing, but the nature of this role remains unclear. Based on a well-supported theory of cerebellar motor function, which ascribes to the cerebellum a role in short-term prediction through internal modeling, we hypothesize that right cerebellar Crus I/II supports prediction of upcoming sentence content. We tested this hypothesis using event-related fMRI in male and female human subjects by manipulating the predictability of written sentences. Our design controlled for motor planning and execution, as well as for linguistic features and working memory load; it also allowed separation of the prediction interval from the presentation of the final sentence item. In addition, three further fMRI tasks captured semantic, phonological, and orthographic processing to shed light on the nature of the information processed. As hypothesized, activity in right posterolateral cerebellum correlated with the predictability of the upcoming target word. This cerebellar region also responded to prediction error during the outcome of the trial. Further, this region was engaged in phonological, but not semantic or orthographic, processing. This is the first imaging study to demonstrate a right cerebellar contribution in language comprehension independently from motor, cognitive, and linguistic confounds. These results complement our work using other methodologies showing cerebellar engagement in linguistic prediction and suggest that internal modeling of phonological representations aids language production and comprehension. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The cerebellum is traditionally seen as a motor structure that allows for smooth movement by predicting upcoming signals. However, the cerebellum is also consistently implicated in nonmotor functions such as language and working memory. Using fMRI, we identify a cerebellar area that is active when words are predicted and when these predictions are violated. This area is active in a separate task that requires phonological processing, but not in tasks that require semantic or visuospatial processing. Our results support the idea of prediction as a unifying cerebellar function in motor and nonmotor domains. We provide new insights by linking the cerebellar role in prediction to its role in verbal working memory, suggesting that these predictions involve phonological processing.
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33
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Lappe C, Bodeck S, Lappe M, Pantev C. Shared Neural Mechanisms for the Prediction of Own and Partner Musical Sequences after Short-term Piano Duet Training. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:165. [PMID: 28420951 PMCID: PMC5378800 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Predictive mechanisms in the human brain can be investigated using markers for prediction violations like the mismatch negativity (MMN). Short-term piano training increases the MMN for melodic and rhythmic deviations in the training material. This increase occurs only when the material is actually played, not when it is only perceived through listening, suggesting that learning predictions about upcoming musical events are derived from motor involvement. However, music is often performed in concert with others. In this case, predictions about upcoming actions from a partner are a crucial part of the performance. In the present experiment, we use magnetoencephalography (MEG) to measure MMNs to deviations in one's own and a partner's musical material after both engaged in musical duet training. Event-related field (ERF) results revealed that the MMN increased significantly for own and partner material suggesting a neural representation of the partner's part in a duet situation. Source analysis using beamforming revealed common activations in auditory, inferior frontal, and parietal areas, similar to previous results for single players, but also a pronounced contribution from the cerebellum. In addition, activation of the precuneus and the medial frontal cortex was observed, presumably related to the need to distinguish between own and partner material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Lappe
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, University of MünsterMünster, Germany
| | - Sabine Bodeck
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, University of MünsterMünster, Germany
| | - Markus Lappe
- Department of Psychology, University of MünsterMünster, Germany
| | - Christo Pantev
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, University of MünsterMünster, Germany
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34
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Marzecová A, Widmann A, SanMiguel I, Kotz SA, Schröger E. Interrelation of attention and prediction in visual processing: Effects of task-relevance and stimulus probability. Biol Psychol 2017; 125:76-90. [PMID: 28257808 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The potentially interactive influence of attention and prediction was investigated by measuring event-related potentials (ERPs) in a spatial cueing task with attention (task-relevant) and prediction (probabilistic) cues. We identified distinct processing stages of this interactive influence. Firstly, in line with the attentional gain hypothesis, a larger amplitude response of the contralateral N1, and Nd1 for attended gratings was observed. Secondly, conforming to the attenuation-by-prediction hypothesis, a smaller negativity in the time window directly following the peak of the N1 component for predicted compared to unpredicted gratings was observed. In line with the hypothesis that attention and prediction interface, unpredicted/unattended stimuli elicited a larger negativity at central-parietal sites, presumably reflecting an increased prediction error signal. Thirdly, larger P3 responses to unpredicted stimuli pointed to the updating of an internal model. Attention and prediction can be considered as differentiated mechanisms that may interact at different processing stages to optimise perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marzecová
- Institute of Psychology, University of Leipzig, Neumarkt 9-19, 04109 Leipzig, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstraße 1A, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Andreas Widmann
- Institute of Psychology, University of Leipzig, Neumarkt 9-19, 04109 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Iria SanMiguel
- Brainlab-Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, Dept. of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonja A Kotz
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstraße 1A, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Neuropsychology & Psychopharmacology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Erich Schröger
- Institute of Psychology, University of Leipzig, Neumarkt 9-19, 04109 Leipzig, Germany
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35
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Interactive roles of the cerebellum and striatum in sub-second and supra-second timing: Support for an initiation, continuation, adjustment, and termination (ICAT) model of temporal processing. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016; 71:739-755. [PMID: 27773690 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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36
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Schwartze M, Kotz SA. Contributions of cerebellar event-based temporal processing and preparatory function to speech perception. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2016; 161:28-32. [PMID: 26362972 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The role of the cerebellum in the anatomical and functional architecture of the brain is a matter of ongoing debate. We propose that cerebellar temporal processing contributes to speech perception on a number of accounts: temporally precise cerebellar encoding and rapid transmission of an event-based representation of the temporal structure of the speech signal serves to prepare areas in the cerebral cortex for the subsequent perceptual integration of sensory information. As speech dynamically evolves in time this fundamental preparatory function may extend its scope to the predictive allocation of attention in time and supports the fine-tuning of temporally specific models of the environment. In this framework, an oscillatory account considering a range of frequencies may best serve the linking of the temporal and speech processing systems. Lastly, the concerted action of these processes may not only advance predictive adaptation to basic auditory dynamics but optimize the perceptual integration of speech.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schwartze
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Dept. of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dept. of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sonja A Kotz
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Dept. of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dept. of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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37
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Peterburs J, Desmond JE. The role of the human cerebellum in performance monitoring. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2016; 40:38-44. [PMID: 27372055 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
While the cerebellum has traditionally been thought of as mainly involved in motor functions, evidence has been accumulating for cerebellar contributions also to non-motor, cognitive functions. The notion of a cerebellar internal model underlying prediction and processing of sensory events and coordination and fine-tuning of appropriate responses has put the cerebellum right at the interface of motor behavior and cognition. Along these lines, the cerebellum may critically contribute to performance monitoring, a set of cognitive and affective functions underlying adaptive behavior. This review presents and integrates evidence from recent neuroimaging and clinical studies for a cerebellar role in performance monitoring with focus on sensory prediction, error and conflict processing, response inhibition, and feedback learning. Together with evidence for involvement in articulatory monitoring during working memory, these findings suggest monitoring as the cerebellum's overarching function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jutta Peterburs
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Systems Neuroscience, University of Münster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 52, 48149 Münster, Germany; Department of Neurology, Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - John E Desmond
- Department of Neurology, Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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38
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Moberget T, Ivry RB. Cerebellar contributions to motor control and language comprehension: searching for common computational principles. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2016; 1369:154-71. [PMID: 27206249 PMCID: PMC5260470 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The past 25 years have seen the functional domain of the cerebellum extend beyond the realm of motor control, with considerable discussion of how this subcortical structure contributes to cognitive domains including attention, memory, and language. Drawing on evidence from neuroanatomy, physiology, neuropsychology, and computational work, sophisticated models have been developed to describe cerebellar function in sensorimotor control and learning. In contrast, mechanistic accounts of how the cerebellum contributes to cognition have remained elusive. Inspired by the homogeneous cerebellar microanatomy and a desire for parsimony, many researchers have sought to extend mechanistic ideas from motor control to cognition. One influential hypothesis centers on the idea that the cerebellum implements internal models, representations of the context-specific dynamics of an agent's interactions with the environment, enabling predictive control. We briefly review cerebellar anatomy and physiology, to review the internal model hypothesis as applied in the motor domain, before turning to extensions of these ideas in the linguistic domain, focusing on speech perception and semantic processing. While recent findings are consistent with this computational generalization, they also raise challenging questions regarding the nature of cerebellar learning, and may thus inspire revisions of our views on the role of the cerebellum in sensorimotor control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torgeir Moberget
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Richard B. Ivry
- Department of Psychology, and the Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
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39
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Keehn B, Nair A, Lincoln AJ, Townsend J, Müller RA. Under-reactive but easily distracted: An fMRI investigation of attentional capture in autism spectrum disorder. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2015; 17:46-56. [PMID: 26708773 PMCID: PMC4728050 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Children and adolescents with ASD were hypo-responsive to behaviorally-relevant stimuli. Evidence of contingent attentional capture was inconsistent in ASD. Impaired non-social attentional processes were related to sociocommunicative deficits in ASD.
For individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), salient behaviorally-relevant information often fails to capture attention, while subtle behaviorally-irrelevant details commonly induce a state of distraction. The present study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neurocognitive networks underlying attentional capture in sixteen high-functioning children and adolescents with ASD and twenty-one typically developing (TD) individuals. Participants completed a rapid serial visual presentation paradigm designed to investigate activation of attentional networks to behaviorally-relevant targets and contingent attention capture by task-irrelevant distractors. In individuals with ASD, target stimuli failed to trigger bottom-up activation of the ventral attentional network and the cerebellum. Additionally, the ASD group showed no differences in behavior or occipital activation associated with contingent attentional capture. Rather, results suggest that to-be-ignored distractors that shared either task-relevant or irrelevant features captured attention in ASD. Results indicate that individuals with ASD may be under-reactive to behaviorally-relevant stimuli, unable to filter irrelevant information, and that both top-down and bottom-up attention networks function atypically in ASD. Lastly, deficits in target-related processing were associated with autism symptomatology, providing further support for the hypothesis that non-social attentional processes and their neurofunctional underpinnings may play a significant role in the development of sociocommunicative impairments in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Keehn
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Brain Development Imaging Laboratory, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA; Research on Autism and Development Lab, Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Aarti Nair
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratory, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Jeanne Townsend
- Research on Autism and Development Lab, Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ralph-Axel Müller
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratory, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
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40
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Have we been ignoring the elephant in the room? Seven arguments for considering the cerebellum as part of addiction circuitry. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015; 60:1-11. [PMID: 26602022 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Addiction involves alterations in multiple brain regions that are associated with functions such as memory, motivation and executive control. Indeed, it is now well accepted that addictive drugs produce long-lasting molecular and structural plasticity changes in corticostriatal-limbic loops. However, there are brain regions that might be relevant to addiction other than the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus and basal ganglia. In addition to these circuits, a growing amount of data suggests the involvement of the cerebellum in many of the brain functions affected in addicts, though this region has been overlooked, traditionally, in the addiction field. Therefore, in the present review we provide seven arguments as to why we should consider the cerebellum in drug addiction. We present and discuss compelling evidence about the effects of drugs of abuse on cerebellar plasticity, the involvement of the cerebellum in drug-induced cue-related memories, and several findings showing that the instrumental memory and executive functions also recruit the cerebellar circuitry. In addition, a hypothetical model of the cerebellum's role relative to other areas within corticostriatal-limbic networks is also provided. Our goal is not to review animal and human studies exhaustively but to support the inclusion of cerebellar alterations as a part of the physiopathology of addiction disorder.
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41
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Di Bernardi Luft C, Baker R, Bentham P, Kourtzi Z. Learning temporal statistics for sensory predictions in mild cognitive impairment. Neuropsychologia 2015; 75:368-80. [PMID: 26093288 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Training is known to improve performance in a variety of perceptual and cognitive skills. However, there is accumulating evidence that mere exposure (i.e. without supervised training) to regularities (i.e. patterns that co-occur in the environment) facilitates our ability to learn contingencies that allow us to interpret the current scene and make predictions about future events. Recent neuroimaging studies have implicated fronto-striatal and medial temporal lobe brain regions in the learning of spatial and temporal statistics. Here, we ask whether patients with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease (MCI-AD) that are characterized by hippocampal dysfunction are able to learn temporal regularities and predict upcoming events. We tested the ability of MCI-AD patients and age-matched controls to predict the orientation of a test stimulus following exposure to sequences of leftwards or rightwards orientated gratings. Our results demonstrate that exposure to temporal sequences without feedback facilitates the ability to predict an upcoming stimulus in both MCI-AD patients and controls. However, our fMRI results demonstrate that MCI-AD patients recruit an alternate circuit to hippocampus to succeed in learning of predictive structures. In particular, we observed stronger learning-dependent activations for structured sequences in frontal, subcortical and cerebellar regions for patients compared to age-matched controls. Thus, our findings suggest a cortico-striatal-cerebellar network that may mediate the ability for predictive learning despite hippocampal dysfunction in MCI-AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosalind Baker
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Peter Bentham
- Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health Foundation Trust (BSMHFT), Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Zoe Kourtzi
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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42
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Malmierca MS, Anderson LA, Antunes FM. The cortical modulation of stimulus-specific adaptation in the auditory midbrain and thalamus: a potential neuronal correlate for predictive coding. Front Syst Neurosci 2015; 9:19. [PMID: 25805974 PMCID: PMC4353371 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2015.00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
To follow an ever-changing auditory scene, the auditory brain is continuously creating a representation of the past to form expectations about the future. Unexpected events will produce an error in the predictions that should “trigger” the network’s response. Indeed, neurons in the auditory midbrain, thalamus and cortex, respond to rarely occurring sounds while adapting to frequently repeated ones, i.e., they exhibit stimulus specific adaptation (SSA). SSA cannot be explained solely by intrinsic membrane properties, but likely involves the participation of the network. Thus, SSA is envisaged as a high order form of adaptation that requires the influence of cortical areas. However, present research supports the hypothesis that SSA, at least in its simplest form (i.e., to frequency deviants), can be transmitted in a bottom-up manner through the auditory pathway. Here, we briefly review the underlying neuroanatomy of the corticofugal projections before discussing state of the art studies which demonstrate that SSA present in the medial geniculate body (MGB) and inferior colliculus (IC) is not inherited from the cortex but can be modulated by the cortex via the corticofugal pathways. By modulating the gain of neurons in the thalamus and midbrain, the auditory cortex (AC) would refine SSA subcortically, preventing irrelevant information from reaching the cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel S Malmierca
- Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience of Castilla y León (INCyL), University of Salamanca Salamanca, Spain ; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, University of Salamanca Salamanca, Spain
| | - Lucy A Anderson
- Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience of Castilla y León (INCyL), University of Salamanca Salamanca, Spain
| | - Flora M Antunes
- Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience of Castilla y León (INCyL), University of Salamanca Salamanca, Spain
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Smith R, Rathcke T, Cummins F, Overy K, Scott S. Communicative rhythms in brain and behaviour. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2014; 369:20130389. [PMID: 25385770 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Smith
- Glasgow University Laboratory of Phonetics (School of Critical Studies), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tamara Rathcke
- English Language and Linguistics (School of European Culture and Languages), University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NF, UK
| | - Fred Cummins
- University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
| | - Katie Overy
- Don Wright Faculty of Music, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 3K7 IMHSD, Reid School of Music, Edinburgh College of Art, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9DF, UK
| | - Sophie Scott
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, UK
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