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Thongbunrod N, Chaiprasert P. Efficient methane production from agro-industrial residues using anaerobic fungal-rich consortia. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:239. [PMID: 38862848 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-04050-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) emerges as a pivotal technique in climate change mitigation, transforming organic materials into biogas, a renewable energy form. This process significantly impacts energy production and waste management, influencing greenhouse gas emissions. Traditional research has largely focused on anaerobic bacteria and methanogens for methane production. However, the potential of anaerobic lignocellulolytic fungi for degrading lignocellulosic biomass remains less explored. In this study, buffalo rumen inocula were enriched and acclimatized to improve lignocellulolytic hydrolysis activity. Two consortia were established: the anaerobic fungi consortium (AFC), selectively enriched for fungi, and the anaerobic lignocellulolytic microbial consortium (ALMC). The consortia were utilized to create five distinct microbial cocktails-AF0, AF20, AF50, AF80, and AF100. These cocktails were formulated based on varying of AFC and ALMC by weights (w/w). Methane production from each cocktail of lignocellulosic biomasses (cassava pulp and oil palm residues) was evaluated. The highest methane yields of CP, EFB, and MFB were obtained at 337, 215, and 54 mL/g VS, respectively. Cocktails containing a mix of anaerobic fungi, hydrolytic bacteria (Sphingobacterium sp.), syntrophic bacteria (Sphaerochaeta sp.), and hydrogenotrophic methanogens produced 2.1-2.6 times higher methane in cassava pulp and 1.1-1.2 times in oil palm empty fruit bunch compared to AF0. All cocktails effectively produced methane from oil palm empty fruit bunch due to its lipid content. However, methane production ceased after 3 days when oil palm mesocarp fiber was used, due to long-chain fatty acid accumulation. Anaerobic fungi consortia showed effective lignocellulosic and starchy biomass degradation without inhibition due to organic acid accumulation. These findings underscore the potential of tailored microbial cocktails for enhancing methane production from diverse lignocellulosic substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitiya Thongbunrod
- Biotechnology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Pawinee Chaiprasert
- Biotechnology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand.
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Nguyen TQ, Martínez-Álvaro M, Lima J, Auffret MD, Rutherford KMD, Simm G, Dewhurst RJ, Baima ET, Roehe R. Identification of intestinal and fecal microbial biomarkers using a porcine social stress model. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1197371. [PMID: 38029169 PMCID: PMC10670831 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1197371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the relationships between social stress and the gastrointestinal microbiota, and how they influence host health and performance is expected to have many scientific and commercial implementations in different species, including identification and improvement of challenges to animal welfare and health. In particular, the study of the stress impact on the gastrointestinal microbiota of pigs may be of interest as a model for human health. A porcine stress model based on repeated regrouping and reduced space allowance during the last 4 weeks of the finishing period was developed to identify stress-induced changes in the gut microbiome composition. The application of the porcine stress model resulted in a significant increase in salivary cortisol concentration over the course of the trial and decreased growth performance and appetite. The applied social stress resulted in 32 bacteria being either enriched (13) or depleted (19) in the intestine and feces. Fecal samples showed a greater number of microbial genera influenced by stress than caecum or colon samples. Our trial revealed that the opportunistic pathogens Treponema and Clostridium were enriched in colonic and fecal samples from stressed pigs. Additionally, genera such as Streptococcus, Parabacteroides, Desulfovibrio, Terrisporobacter, Marvinbryantia, and Romboutsia were found to be enriched in response to social stress. In contrast, the genera Prevotella, Faecalibacterium, Butyricicoccus, Dialister, Alloprevotella, Megasphaera, and Mitsuokella were depleted. These depleted bacteria are of great interest because they synthesize metabolites [e.g., short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), in particular, butyrate] showing beneficial health benefits due to inhibitory effects on pathogenic bacteria in different animal species. Of particular interest are Dialister and Faecalibacterium, as their depletion was identified in a human study to be associated with inferior quality of life and depression. We also revealed that some pigs were more susceptible to pathogens as indicated by large enrichments of opportunistic pathogens of Clostridium, Treponema, Streptococcus and Campylobacter. Generally, our results provide further evidence for the microbiota-gut-brain axis as indicated by an increase in cortisol concentration due to social stress regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and a change in microbiota composition, particularly of bacteria known to be associated with pathogenicity and mental health diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan Q. Nguyen
- Scotland’s Rural College, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Department of Animal Breeding, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Nong Lam University – Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Joana Lima
- Scotland’s Rural College, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Geoff Simm
- Global Academy of Agriculture and Food Security, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Eric T. Baima
- Zoetis Inc., Parsippany-Troy Hills, NJ, United States
| | - Rainer Roehe
- Scotland’s Rural College, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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3
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Chen Y, Akhtar M, Ma Z, Hu T, Liu Q, Pan H, Zhang X, Nafady AA, Ansari AR, Abdel-Kafy ESM, Shi D, Liu H. Chicken cecal microbiota reduces abdominal fat deposition by regulating fat metabolism. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:28. [PMID: 37253749 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00390-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cecal microbiota plays an essential role in chicken health. However, its contribution to fat metabolism, particularly in abdominal fat deposition, which is a severe problem in the poultry industry, is still unclear. Here, chickens at 1, 4, and 12 months of age with significantly (p < 0.05) higher and lower abdominal fat deposition were selected to elucidate fat metabolism. A significantly (p < 0.05) higher mRNA expression of fat anabolism genes (ACSL1, FADS1, CYP2C45, ACC, and FAS), a significantly (p < 0.05) lower mRNA expression of fat catabolism genes (CPT-1 and PPARα) and fat transport gene APOAI in liver/abdominal fat of high abdominal fat deposition chickens indicated that an unbalanced fat metabolism leads to excessive abdominal fat deposition. Parabacteroides, Parasutterella, Oscillibacter, and Anaerofustis were found significantly (p < 0.05) higher in high abdominal fat deposition chickens, while Sphaerochaeta was higher in low abdominal fat deposition chickens. Further, Spearman correlation analysis indicated that the relative abundance of cecal Parabacteroides, Parasutterella, Oscillibacter, and Anaerofustis was positively correlated with abdominal fat deposition, yet cecal Sphaerochaeta was negatively correlated with fat deposition. Interestingly, transferring fecal microbiota from adult chickens with low abdominal fat deposition into one-day-old chicks significantly (p < 0.05) decreased Parabacteroides and fat anabolism genes, while markedly increased Sphaerochaeta (p < 0.05) and fat catabolism genes (p < 0.05). Our findings might help to assess the potential mechanism of cecal microbiota regulating fat deposition in chicken production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Muhammad Akhtar
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Ziyu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Tingwei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Qiyao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Hong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Abdallah A Nafady
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Abdur Rahman Ansari
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (CVAS) Jhang, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - El-Sayed M Abdel-Kafy
- Animal Production Research Institute (APRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Ministry of Agriculture, Giza, Egypt
| | - Deshi Shi
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China.
| | - Huazhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China.
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Xie Z, Huang S, Wan Y, Deng F, Cao Q, Liu X, Li D. Power to biogas upgrading: Effects of different H 2/CO 2 ratios on products and microbial communities in anaerobic fermentation system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 865:161305. [PMID: 36592903 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Two anaerobic reactors with and without Ca2+ were operated at 35 °C to investigate the effects of different H2/CO2 ratios on products and microbial communities. Through the investigation of various parameters, it was shown that the change of pH triggered by the variations of H2/CO2 is the decisive factor affecting the product selection in anaerobic fermentation system. During the biosynthesis of ATP for cell growth and reproduction, protons (H+) were pumped from extracellular to intracellular by proton pump, which caused an increase of intrinsic pH of fermentative system. When the pH below 9.5, the methanogenic pathway was more prevalent. While the pH above 10.0 was conducive to the homoacetogenesis. Microbial community analysis showed that with the changes of H2/CO2 ratio, a turnover had occurred. When the ratio of H2/CO2 was 4, the main methanogen was Methanobacterium with the dominant interspecies electron transfer bacteria (IETB) of Thermovirga and DMER64. The turnover of microbial community occurred when the H2/CO2 ratio was 4.5 and 4.25. The dominant acetogenic microorganisms were norank_o_Clostridia_UCG-014 (homoacetogen) and Natronincola (obligately alkaliphilic acetogen). When the H2/CO2 ratio returned to 4, the dominant methanogens were hydrotropic Methanobacterium and Methanobrevibacter with four interspecies electron transfer bacteria including DMER64, Thermovirga, Dechlorobacter and Achromobacter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Siyuan Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuqin Wan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fang Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qin Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Deng Z, Zhang N, Jiang L, Liu H, Hu S, Zhang D, Chen B, Liu Q, Sun Y, Chen J, Zhang C. Influence of microplastics on microbial anaerobic detoxification of chlorophenols. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120707. [PMID: 36427829 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) can absorb halogenated organic compounds and transport them into marine anaerobic zones. Microbial reductive dehalogenation is a major process that naturally attenuates organohalide pollutants in anaerobic environments. Here, we aimed to determine the mechanisms through which MPs affect the microbe-mediated marine halogen cycle by incubating 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) dechlorinating cultures with various types of MPs. We found that TCP was dechlorinated to 4-chlorophenol in biotic control and polypropylene (PP) cultures, but essentially terminated at 2,4-dichlorophenol in polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) cultures after incubation for 20 days. Oxygen-containing functional groups such as peroxide and aldehyde were enriched on PE and PET after incubation and corresponded to elevated levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the microorganisms. Adding PE or PET to the cultures exerted limited effects on hydrogenase and ATPase activities, but delayed the expression of the gene encoding reductive dehalogenase (RDase). Considering the limited changes in the microbial composition of the enriched cultures, these findings suggested that microbial dechlorination is probably affected by MPs through the ROS-induced inhibition of RDase synthesis and/or activity. Overall, our findings showed that extensive MP pollution is unfavorable to environmental xenobiotic detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaochao Deng
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, Henan, China
| | - Lijia Jiang
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Shengzhou Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shaoxing, 312400, Zhejiang, China
| | - Songtao Hu
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bairu Chen
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qing Liu
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Environmental Pollution Control, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541006, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuxia Sun
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiawang Chen
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chunfang Zhang
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China.
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6
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Imachi H, Nobu MK, Miyazaki M, Tasumi E, Saito Y, Sakai S, Ogawara M, Ohashi A, Takai K. Cultivation of previously uncultured microorganisms with a continuous-flow down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) bioreactor, using a syntrophic archaeon culture obtained from deep marine sediment as a case study. Nat Protoc 2022; 17:2784-2814. [DOI: 10.1038/s41596-022-00735-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Electricity production and key exoelectrogens in a mixed-culture psychrophilic microbial fuel cell at 4 °C. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:4801-4811. [PMID: 35759034 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12042-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The electricity production via psychrophilic microbial fuel cell (PMFC) for wastewater treatment in cold regions offers an alternative to avoid the unwanted methane dissolution of traditional anaerobic fermentation. But, it is seldom reported by mixed-culture, especially closed to 0 °C. Thus, a two-chamber mixed-culture PMFC at 4 °C was successfully operated in this study using acetate as an electron donor. The main results demonstrated a good performance of PMFC, including the maximum voltage of 513 mV at 1000 Ω, coulombic efficiency of 53%, and power density of 689 mW/m2. The cyclic voltammetry curves of enriched biofilm showed a direct electron transfer pathway. These good performances of mixed-culture PMFC were due to the high psychrophilic activity of enriched biofilm, including exoelectrogens genera of Geobacter (6.1%), Enterococcus (17.5%), and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_12 (3.8%). Consequently, a mixed-culture PMFC provides a reasonable strategy to enrich exoelectrogens with high activity. For low-temperature regions, the mixed-culture PMFC involved biotechnologies shall benefit energy generation and valuable chemical production in the future. KEY POINTS: • PMFC showed a maximum voltage of around 513 mV under a resistance of 1000 Ω. • The coulombic efficiency was 53% and the max power density was 689 mW/m2. • Geobacter, Enterococcus, and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_12 were key exoelectrogens.
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Sørensen JS, Madsen SK, Bang-Berthelsen CH, Hansen LT. Quality and safety aspects in fermentation of winged kelp (Alaria esculenta) and sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima) by the natural microbiota with or without addition of a Lactiplantibacillus plantarum starter culture. Food Res Int 2021; 150:110800. [PMID: 34863492 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Nourishment of the growing human population requires new and alternative food sources, preferable produced without occupying new land areas. Cultivation of seaweed presents an opportunity, however, a major obstacle is sustainable preservation. Fermentation has been used for centuries to preserve vegetables, e.g., to produce kimchi based on cabbage. This study investigated changes in the microbiota, characteristics (pH, organic acids and water soluble carbohydrates) and food safety of raw shredded Alaria esculenta and Saccharina latissima during fermentation by the natural microbiota with or without addition of a Lactiplantibacillus plantarum starter culture. The Lb. plantarum fermented products retained a high Shannon diversity index, indicating a partially unsuccessful fermentation. Lb. plantarum performed better in A. esculenta causing pH to drop to below 4.6, a critical limit for control of growth of Clostridium botulinum, within 2 days compared to 7 days for S. latissima. Natural fermentation by the endogenous microbiota resulted in unsafe products with high final pH values (4.8-5.2), presence of unwanted organic acids, such as butyric acid, and in the case of A. esculenta sustenance of inoculated Listeria monocytogenes. Fermentation of A. esculenta and S. latissima by Lb. plantarum is a promising preservation method. However, future work is needed to optimise the process, by investigation of the use of different starter cultures, seaweed pre-treatments (blanching, freezing, etc.) and adjuvants (i.e., addition of sugars, minerals and similar) to promote growth of the starter culture and ensure the fermented products are safe to eat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanne Kjærulf Madsen
- The National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Du H, Sun T, Liu Y, An S, Xie H, Wang D, Igarashi Y, Imanaka T, Luo F, Ma M. Bacteria and archaea involved in anaerobic mercury methylation and methane oxidation in anaerobic sulfate-rich reactors. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 274:129773. [PMID: 33556662 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The identification of dominant microbes in anaerobic mercury (Hg) methylation, methylmercury (MeHg) demethylation, and methane oxidation as sulfate-reducing bacteria, methanogens or, probably, anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANMEs) is of great interest. To date, however, the interrelationship of bacteria and archaea involved in these processes remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated the dynamics of microorganisms participating in these processes. Anaerobic fixed-bed reactors were operated with swine manure and sludge to produce methane stably, and then, sulfate (reactor C), sulfate and Hg(II) (reactor H), and sulfate and MeHg (reactor M) were added, and the reactors were operated for 120 d, divided equally into four periods, P1-P4. The bacterial compositions changed nonsignificantly, whereas Methanosaeta in reactors H and M decreased significantly, revealing that it was irrelevant for Hg transformation. The abundances of Syntrophomonadaceae, Methanoculleus, Candidatus Methanogranum and Candidatus Methanoplasma increased continuously with time; these species probably functioned in these processes, but further evidence is needed. Desulfocella and Desulfobacterium dominated first but eventually almost vanished, while the dominant archaeal genera Methanogenium, Methanoculleus and Methanocorpusculum were closely related to ANME-1 and ANME-2. PLS-DA results indicated that both bacteria and archaea in different periods in the three reactors were clustered separately, implying that the microbial compositions in the same periods were similar and changed markedly with time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Du
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Siwei An
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Haiying Xie
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Dingyong Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yasuo Igarashi
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Tadayuki Imanaka
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Feng Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Ming Ma
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Satinover SJ, Rodriguez M, Campa MF, Hazen TC, Borole AP. Performance and community structure dynamics of microbial electrolysis cells operated on multiple complex feedstocks. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2020; 13:169. [PMID: 33062055 PMCID: PMC7552531 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-020-01803-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbial electrolysis is a promising technology for converting aqueous wastes into hydrogen. However, substrate adaptability is an important feature, seldom documented in microbial electrolysis cells (MECs). In addition, the correlation between substrate composition and community structure has not been well established. This study used an MEC capable of producing over 10 L/L-day of hydrogen from a switchgrass-derived bio-oil aqueous phase and investigated four additional substrates, tested in sequence on a mature biofilm. The additional substrates included a red oak-derived bio-oil aqueous phase, a corn stover fermentation product, a mixture of phenol and acetate, and acetate alone. RESULTS The MECs fed with the corn stover fermentation product resulted in the highest performance among the complex feedstocks, producing an average current density of 7.3 ± 0.51 A/m2, although the acetate fed MECs outperformed complex substrates, producing 12.3 ± 0.01 A/m2. 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that community structure and community diversity were not predictive of performance, and replicate community structures diverged despite identical inoculum and enrichment procedure. The trends in each replicate, however, were indicative of the influence of the substrates. Geobacter was the most dominant genus across most of the samples tested, but its abundance did not correlate strongly to current density. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed that acetic acid accumulated during open circuit conditions when MECs were fed with complex feedstocks and was quickly degraded once closed circuit conditions were applied. The largest net acetic acid removal rate occurred when MECs were fed with red oak bio-oil aqueous phase, consuming 2.93 ± 0.00 g/L-day. Principal component analysis found that MEC performance metrics such as current density, hydrogen productivity, and chemical oxygen demand removal were closely correlated. Net acetic acid removal was also found to correlate with performance. However, no bacterial genus appeared to correlated to these performance metrics strongly, and the analysis suggested that less than 70% of the variance was accounted for by the two components. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the robustness of microbial communities to adapt to a range of feedstocks and conditions without relying on specific species, delivering high hydrogen productivities despite differences in community structure. The results indicate that functional adaptation may play a larger role in performance than community composition. Further investigation of the roles each microbe plays in these communities will help MECs to become integral in the 21st-century bioeconomy to produce zero-emission fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott J. Satinover
- Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Education, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
| | - Miguel Rodriguez
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN USA
| | - Maria F. Campa
- Institute for a Secure & Sustainable Environment, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
| | - Terry C. Hazen
- Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Education, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
- Institute for a Secure & Sustainable Environment, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
| | - Abhijeet P. Borole
- Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Education, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
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Effect of benzoic acid on production performance, egg quality, intestinal morphology, and cecal microbial community of laying hens. Poult Sci 2020; 100:196-205. [PMID: 33357682 PMCID: PMC7772661 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effects of supplemental dietary benzoic acid on production performance, egg quality, intestinal morphology, and intestinal microbiota of laying hens. A total of seven hundred twenty 45-wk-old Lohman pink-shell laying hens were randomly allocated to 3 dietary treatments: control (CON), diet supplemented with 1,000 mg/kg benzoic acid (BA1), and 2,000 mg/kg benzoic acid (BA2). Each treatment included 10 replicates of 24 hens; laying hens were monitored for 16 wk. Overall, the results indicate that benzoic acid supplementation had no effect on laying rate, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and breaking rate; however, a decrease in egg weight (P < 0.01) was observed in the BA2 group. Albumen height and Haugh unit (HU) were also linearly increased in the BA1 and BA2 groups (linear effect, P < 0.05). An increase in duodenum villus height (V) (quadratic effect, P = 0.041) and crypt depth (C) (linear effect, P = 0.012) was observed in the BA2 group, whereas an increased jejunum C and decreased V/C (quadratic effect, P < 0.05) in the BA1 group. Moreover, an increase in ileum V and C (quadratic effect, P < 0.05) was observed in the BA1 group. Microbial richness and diversity were reduced in the BA2 group (P < 0.01). An increase in the abundance of Clostridia (class), Clostridiales (order), Ruminococcaceae (family), and Lachnospiraceae (family) was noted in the BA1 group, whereas an enrichment of Bacteroides caecicola (species) was observed in the BA2 group. The HU positively correlated with genus Sphaerochaeta and Enorma (r = 0.56, 0.56; P < 0.05) but negatively correlated with Romboutsia, Subdoligranulum, Helicobacter, and Mucispirillum (r = -0.58, -0.49, -0.48; -0.70; P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with benzoic acid had no effect on production performance, but it significantly improved egg quality. In addition, 1,000 mg/kg benzoic acid positively modulated intestinal health by improving intestinal morphology and enriching microbial composition.
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Momper L, Semler A, Lu GS, Miyazaki M, Imachi H, Amend JP. Rectinema subterraneum sp. nov, a chemotrophic spirochaete isolated from the deep terrestrial subsurface. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:4739-4747. [PMID: 32730198 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel, obligately anaerobic bacterium (strain SURF-ANA1T) was isolated from deep continental subsurface fluids at a depth of 1500 m below surface in the former Homestake Gold Mine (now Sanford Underground Research Facility, in Lead, South Dakota, USA). Cells of strain SURF-ANA1T were Gram-negative, helical, non-spore-forming and were 0.25-0.55×5.0-75.0 µm with a wavelength of 0.5-0.62 µm. Strain SURF-ANA1T grew at 15-50 °C (optimally at 40 °C), at pH 4.8-9.0 (pH 7.2) and in 1.0-40.0 g l-1 NaCl (10 g l-1 NaCl). The strain grew chemoheterotrophically with hydrogen or mono-, di- and polysaccharides as electron donors. The major cellular fatty acids in order of decreasing abundance (comprising >5% of total) were 10-methyl C16:0, iso-C15:0, C18:2 and C18:0 dimethyl acetal (DMA) and C20:0 methylene-nonadecanoic acid. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain SURF-ANA1T indicated a closest relationship with the recently characterized Rectinema cohabitans (99%). Despite high sequence identity, because of its distinct physiology, morphology and fatty acid profile, strain SURF-ANA1T is considered to represent a novel species within the genus Rectinema, for which the name Rectinema subterraneum sp. nov. is proposed. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an isolate within the phylum Spirochaetes from the deep (>100 m) terrestrial subsurface. The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene and genomic sequences of strain SURF-ANA1T are KU359248 and GCF 009768935.1, respectively. The type strain of Rectinema subterraneum is SURF-ANA1T (=ATCC TSD-67=JCM 32656).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Momper
- Department of Marine and Environmental Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Exponent Inc. 1055 East Colorado Blvd, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Amanda Semler
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Guang Sin Lu
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Masayuki Miyazaki
- Department of Subsurface Geobiology Analysis and Research (D-SUGAR), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Imachi
- Department of Subsurface Geobiology Analysis and Research (D-SUGAR), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Jan P Amend
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Marine and Environmental Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Bidzhieva SK, Sokolova DS, Grouzdev DS, Kostrikina NA, Poltaraus AB, Tourova TP, Shcherbakova VA, Troshina OY, Nazina TN. Sphaerochaeta halotolerans sp. nov., a novel spherical halotolerant spirochete from a Russian heavy oil reservoir, emended description of the genus Sphaerochaeta, reclassification of Sphaerochaeta coccoides to a new genus Parasphaerochaeta gen. nov. as Parasphaerochaeta coccoides comb. nov. and proposal of Sphaerochaetaceae fam. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:4748-4759. [PMID: 32697184 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaerobic, fermentative, halotolerant bacteria, strains 4-11T and 585, were isolated from production water of two low-temperature petroleum reservoirs (Russia) and were characterized by using a polyphasic approach. Cells of the strains were spherical, non-motile and 0.30-2.5 µm in diameter. Strain 4-11T grew optimally at 35 °C, pH 6.0 and 1.0-2.0% (w/v) NaCl. Both strains grew chemoorganotrophically with mono-, di- and trisaccharides. The major cellular fatty acids of both strains were C14:0, C16:0, C16:1 ω9 and C18:0 3-OH. Major polar lipids were glycolipids and phospholipids. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of the strains 4-11T and 585 had 99.9% similarity and were most closely related to the sequence of Sphaerochaeta associata GLS2T (96.9, and 97.0% similarity, respectively). The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strains 4-11T and 585 were 46.8 and 46.9%, respectively. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between the genomes of strain 4-11T and S. associata GLS2T were 73.0 and 16.9%, respectively. Results of phylogenomic metrics analysis of the genomes and 120 core proteins of strains 4-11T and 585 and their physiological and biochemical characteristics confirmed that the strains represented a novel species of the genus Sphaerochaeta, for which the name Sphaerochaeta halotolerans sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain 4-11T (=VKM B-3269T=KCTC 15833T). Based on the results of phylogenetic analysis, Sphaerochaeta coccoides was reclassified as member of a new genus Parasphaerochaeta gen. nov., Parasphaerochaeta coccoides comb. nov. The genera Sphaerochaeta and Parasphaerochaeta form a separate clade, for which a novel family, Sphaerochaetaceae fam. nov., is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salimat Kh Bidzhieva
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 60-letiya Oktyabrya, 7/2, Moscow, 117312, Russia
| | - Diyana Sh Sokolova
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 60-letiya Oktyabrya, 7/2, Moscow, 117312, Russia
| | - Denis S Grouzdev
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 60-letiya Oktyabrya, 7/1, Moscow, 117312, Russia
| | - Nadezhda A Kostrikina
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 60-letiya Oktyabrya, 7/2, Moscow, 117312, Russia
| | - Andrey B Poltaraus
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova, 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Tatyana P Tourova
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 60-letiya Oktyabrya, 7/2, Moscow, 117312, Russia
| | - Viktoria A Shcherbakova
- Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect Nauki 5, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia
| | - Olga Yu Troshina
- Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect Nauki 5, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia
| | - Tamara N Nazina
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 60-letiya Oktyabrya, 7/2, Moscow, 117312, Russia
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14
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Phan HC, Wade SA, Blackall LL. Microbial Communities of Orange Tubercles in Accelerated Low-Water Corrosion. Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 86:e00610-20. [PMID: 32332140 PMCID: PMC7301844 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00610-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid degradation of marine infrastructure at the low tide level due to accelerated low-water corrosion (ALWC) is a problem encountered worldwide. Despite this, there is limited understanding of the microbial communities involved in this process. We obtained samples of the orange-colored tubercles commonly associated with ALWC from two different types of steel sheet piling, located adjacent to each other but with different levels of localized corrosion, at a seaside harbor. The microbial communities from the outer and inner layers of the orange tubercles and from adjacent seawater were studied by pure culture isolation and metabarcoding of the 16S rRNA genes. A collection of 119 bacterial isolates was obtained from one orange tubercle sample, using a range of media in anaerobic and aerobic conditions. The metabarcoding results showed that sulfur and iron oxidizers were more abundant on the outer sections of the orange tubercles compared to the inner layers, where Deltaproteobacteria (which include many sulfate reducers) were more abundant. The microbial communities varied significantly between the inner and outer layers of the orange tubercles and also with the seawater but overall did not differ significantly between the two steel sheet types. Hence, we saw similar microbial communities in orange tubercles present, but different levels of localized corrosion, for two different types of colocated steel sheet piling. Metallurgical analysis found differences in composition, grain size, ferrite-pearlite ratio, and the extent of inclusions present between the two steel types investigated.IMPORTANCE The presence of orange tubercles on marine steel pilings is often used as an indication that accelerated low-water corrosion is taking place. We studied the microbial communities in attached orange tubercles on two closely located sheet pilings that were of different steel types. The attached orange tubercles were visually similar, but the extents of underlying corrosion on the different steel surfaces were substantially different. No clear difference was found between the microbial communities present on the two different types of sheet piling. However, there were clear differences in the microbial communities in the corrosion layers of tubercles, which were also different from the microbes present in adjacent seawater. The overall results suggest that the presence of orange tubercles, a single measurement of water quality, or the detection of certain general types of microbes (e.g., sulfate-reducing bacteria) should not be taken alone as definitive indications of accelerated corrosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang C Phan
- Faculty of Science, Engineering, and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
| | - Scott A Wade
- Faculty of Science, Engineering, and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
| | - Linda L Blackall
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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15
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Effect of Cobalt, Nickel, and Selenium/Tungsten Deficiency on Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Chemically Defined Soluble Organic Compounds. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8040598. [PMID: 32326100 PMCID: PMC7232481 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8040598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Trace elements (TEs) are vital for anaerobic digestion (AD), due to their role as cofactors in many key enzymes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of specific TE deficiencies on mixed microbial communities during AD of soluble polymer-free substrates, thus focusing on AD after hydrolysis. Three mesophilic (37 °C) continuous stirred-tank biogas reactors were depleted either of Co, Ni, or a combination of Se and W, respectively, by discontinuing their supplementation. Ni and Se/W depletion led to changes in methane kinetics, linked to progressive volatile fatty acid (VFA) accumulation, eventually resulting in process failure. No significant changes occurred in the Co-depleted reactor, indicating that the amount of Co present in the substrate in absence of supplementation was sufficient to maintain process stability. Archaeal communities remained fairly stable independent of TE concentrations, while bacterial communities gradually changed with VFA accumulation in Ni- and Se-/W-depleted reactors. Despite this, the communities remained relatively similar between these two reactors, suggesting that the major shifts in composition likely occurred due to the accumulating VFAs. Overall, the results indicate that Ni and Se/W depletion primarily lead to slower metabolic activities of methanogenic archaea and their syntrophic partners, which then has a ripple effect throughout the microbial community due to a gradual accumulation of intermediate fermentation products.
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Hördt A, López MG, Meier-Kolthoff JP, Schleuning M, Weinhold LM, Tindall BJ, Gronow S, Kyrpides NC, Woyke T, Göker M. Analysis of 1,000+ Type-Strain Genomes Substantially Improves Taxonomic Classification of Alphaproteobacteria. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:468. [PMID: 32373076 PMCID: PMC7179689 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The class Alphaproteobacteria is comprised of a diverse assemblage of Gram-negative bacteria that includes organisms of varying morphologies, physiologies and habitat preferences many of which are of clinical and ecological importance. Alphaproteobacteria classification has proved to be difficult, not least when taxonomic decisions rested heavily on a limited number of phenotypic features and interpretation of poorly resolved 16S rRNA gene trees. Despite progress in recent years regarding the classification of bacteria assigned to the class, there remains a need to further clarify taxonomic relationships. Here, draft genome sequences of a collection of genomes of more than 1000 Alphaproteobacteria and outgroup type strains were used to infer phylogenetic trees from genome-scale data using the principles drawn from phylogenetic systematics. The majority of taxa were found to be monophyletic but several orders, families and genera, including taxa recognized as problematic long ago but also quite recent taxa, as well as a few species were shown to be in need of revision. According proposals are made for the recognition of new orders, families and genera, as well as the transfer of a variety of species to other genera and of a variety of genera to other families. In addition, emended descriptions are given for many species mainly involving information on DNA G+C content and (approximate) genome size, both of which are confirmed as valuable taxonomic markers. Similarly, analysis of the gene content was shown to provide valuable taxonomic insights in the class. Significant incongruities between 16S rRNA gene and whole genome trees were not found in the class. The incongruities that became obvious when comparing the results of the present study with existing classifications appeared to be caused mainly by insufficiently resolved 16S rRNA gene trees or incomplete taxon sampling. Another probable cause of misclassifications in the past is the partially low overall fit of phenotypic characters to the sequence-based tree. Even though a significant degree of phylogenetic conservation was detected in all characters investigated, the overall fit to the tree varied considerably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Hördt
- Department of Bioinformatics, Leibniz Institute DSMZ – German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Marina García López
- Department of Bioinformatics, Leibniz Institute DSMZ – German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Jan P. Meier-Kolthoff
- Department of Bioinformatics, Leibniz Institute DSMZ – German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Marcel Schleuning
- Department of Bioinformatics, Leibniz Institute DSMZ – German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Lisa-Maria Weinhold
- Department of Bioinformatics, Leibniz Institute DSMZ – German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Brunswick, Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Brian J. Tindall
- Department of Microorganisms, Leibniz Institute DSMZ – German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Sabine Gronow
- Department of Microorganisms, Leibniz Institute DSMZ – German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Nikos C. Kyrpides
- Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Tanja Woyke
- Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Markus Göker
- Department of Bioinformatics, Leibniz Institute DSMZ – German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Brunswick, Germany
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17
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Imachi H, Nobu MK, Nakahara N, Morono Y, Ogawara M, Takaki Y, Takano Y, Uematsu K, Ikuta T, Ito M, Matsui Y, Miyazaki M, Murata K, Saito Y, Sakai S, Song C, Tasumi E, Yamanaka Y, Yamaguchi T, Kamagata Y, Tamaki H, Takai K. Isolation of an archaeon at the prokaryote-eukaryote interface. Nature 2020; 577:519-525. [PMID: 31942073 PMCID: PMC7015854 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1916-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 336] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The origin of eukaryotes remains unclear1-4. Current data suggest that eukaryotes may have emerged from an archaeal lineage known as 'Asgard' archaea5,6. Despite the eukaryote-like genomic features that are found in these archaea, the evolutionary transition from archaea to eukaryotes remains unclear, owing to the lack of cultured representatives and corresponding physiological insights. Here we report the decade-long isolation of an Asgard archaeon related to Lokiarchaeota from deep marine sediment. The archaeon-'Candidatus Prometheoarchaeum syntrophicum' strain MK-D1-is an anaerobic, extremely slow-growing, small coccus (around 550 nm in diameter) that degrades amino acids through syntrophy. Although eukaryote-like intracellular complexes have been proposed for Asgard archaea6, the isolate has no visible organelle-like structure. Instead, Ca. P. syntrophicum is morphologically complex and has unique protrusions that are long and often branching. On the basis of the available data obtained from cultivation and genomics, and reasoned interpretations of the existing literature, we propose a hypothetical model for eukaryogenesis, termed the entangle-engulf-endogenize (also known as E3) model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Imachi
- Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde Research (X-star), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan.
| | - Masaru K Nobu
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan.
| | - Nozomi Nakahara
- Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde Research (X-star), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Japan
| | - Yuki Morono
- Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, X-star, JAMSTEC, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Miyuki Ogawara
- Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde Research (X-star), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Takaki
- Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde Research (X-star), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Takano
- Biogeochemistry Program, Research Institute for Marine Resources Utilization, JAMSTEC, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Uematsu
- Department of Marine and Earth Sciences, Marine Work Japan, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Ikuta
- Research Institute for Global Change, JAMSTEC, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Motoo Ito
- Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, X-star, JAMSTEC, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Yohei Matsui
- Research Institute for Marine Resources Utilization, JAMSTEC, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Miyazaki
- Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde Research (X-star), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan
| | | | - Yumi Saito
- Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde Research (X-star), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Sanae Sakai
- Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde Research (X-star), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Chihong Song
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Eiji Tasumi
- Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde Research (X-star), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Yuko Yamanaka
- Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde Research (X-star), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamaguchi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Japan
| | - Yoichi Kamagata
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Tamaki
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Ken Takai
- Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde Research (X-star), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan
- Section for Exploration of Life in Extreme Environments, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institute of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
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Liang Y, Zhang Y, Zhou C, Li H, Kang X, Wang L, Song J, Jiao N. Cumulative impact of long-term intensive mariculture on total and active bacterial communities in the core sediments of the Ailian Bay, North China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 691:1212-1224. [PMID: 31466202 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The exponential growth of off-shore mariculture worldwide over the last 20 years has had significant impact on coastal sediment biogeochemistry. However, there are no long-term records of the cumulative impacts of mariculture on the benthic bacterial community. Here, total (DNA) and active (RNA) bacterial community compositions were characterized using MiSeq sequencing of 16S rRNA gene in four core sediments of the Ailian Bay, one of the typical intensive mariculture areas in China with more than fifty-year history of kelp and scallop cultivation. The γ-Proteobacteria, δ-Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria and Acitinobacteria were more abundant in the total bacterial communities, while β-Proteobacteria, Anaerolineae, Clostridia, Spirochaetes and Cyanobacteria were enriched in the active bacterial communities. Significant differences were observed between total and active benthic bacterial communities. The influences of different mariculture modes on the total bacterial communities were more significant than those on the active bacterial communities. Only limited groups of the total bacterial communities were significant influenced by the cumulative effects of the long-term mariculture. The bacterial genera with the function in the sulfide cycling and organic consumption were enriched in the total bacterial population of the integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) areas. The variations of both total and active bacterial communities were significantly influenced by grain sizes, total organic carbon and nutrients. Both total and active bacterial communities exhibited a slightly stronger response to environmental factors than to spatial (distance) factors. The effects of mutualism might dominate the total and active bacterial networks in the Ailian Bay. The present study demonstrated that the cumulative influences of the long-term and intensive IMTA mariculture on total benthic bacterial communities in the sub-surface sediments of the Ailian Bay were stronger than those on the active benthic bacterial communities, which provided some insights into the potential ecological roles of specific taxa in the sediments of the IMTA ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; College of Marine Life Sciences, Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres, State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Yongyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Chao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xuming Kang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Aquatic Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Long Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Jinming Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Nianzhi Jiao
- Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres, State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
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19
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Treatment of polyacrylamide production wastewater by multistage contact reactor with activated and anammox sludge. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.107287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Nakahara N, Nobu MK, Takaki Y, Miyazaki M, Tasumi E, Sakai S, Ogawara M, Yoshida N, Tamaki H, Yamanaka Y, Katayama A, Yamaguchi T, Takai K, Imachi H. Aggregatilinea lenta gen. nov., sp. nov., a slow-growing, facultatively anaerobic bacterium isolated from subseafloor sediment, and proposal of the new order Aggregatilineales ord. nov. within the class Anaerolineae of the phylum Chloroflexi. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:1185-1194. [PMID: 30775966 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel slow-growing, facultatively anaerobic, filamentous bacterium, strain MO-CFX2T, was isolated from a methanogenic microbial community in a continuous-flow bioreactor that was established from subseafloor sediment collected off the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan. Cells were multicellular filamentous, non-motile and Gram-stain-negative. The filaments were generally more than 20 µm (up to approximately 200 µm) long and 0.5-0.6 µm wide. Cells possessed pili-like structures on the cell surface and a multilayer structure in the cytoplasm. Growth of the strain was observed at 20-37 °C (optimum, 30 °C), pH 5.5-8.0 (pH 6.5-7.0), and 0-30 g l-1 NaCl (5 g l-1 NaCl). Under optimum growth conditions, doubling time and maximum cell density were estimated to be approximately 19 days and ~105 cells ml-1, respectively. Strain MO-CFX2T grew chemoorganotrophically on a limited range of organic substrates in anaerobic conditions. The major cellular fatty acids were saturated C16 : 0 (47.9 %) and C18 : 0 (36.9 %), and unsaturated C18 : 1ω9c (6.0 %) and C16 : 1ω7 (5.1 %). The G+C content of genomic DNA was 63.2 mol%. 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic analysis showed that strain MO-CFX2T shares a notably low sequence identity with its closest relatives, which were Thermanaerothrix daxensis GNS-1T and Thermomarinilinea lacunifontana SW7T (both 85.8 % sequence identity). Based on these phenotypic and genomic properties, we propose the name Aggregatilinea lenta gen. nov., sp. nov. for strain MO-CFX2T (=KCTC 15625T, =JCM 32065T). In addition, we also propose the associated family and order as Aggregatilineaceae fam. nov. and Aggregatilineales ord. nov., respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Nakahara
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan.,Department of Subsurface Geobiological Analysis and Research (D-SUGAR), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Masaru K Nobu
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Takaki
- Department of Subsurface Geobiological Analysis and Research (D-SUGAR), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan.,Ecosystem Observation and Evaluation Methodology Research Unit, Project Team for Development of New-generation Research Protocol for Submarine Resources, JAMSTEC, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Masayuki Miyazaki
- Department of Subsurface Geobiological Analysis and Research (D-SUGAR), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Eiji Tasumi
- Department of Subsurface Geobiological Analysis and Research (D-SUGAR), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Sanae Sakai
- Department of Subsurface Geobiological Analysis and Research (D-SUGAR), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Miyuki Ogawara
- Department of Subsurface Geobiological Analysis and Research (D-SUGAR), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Naoko Yoshida
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Tamaki
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Yuko Yamanaka
- Department of Subsurface Geobiological Analysis and Research (D-SUGAR), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Arata Katayama
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamaguchi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan
| | - Ken Takai
- Department of Subsurface Geobiological Analysis and Research (D-SUGAR), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Imachi
- Department of Subsurface Geobiological Analysis and Research (D-SUGAR), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
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Pleomorphochaeta naphthae sp. nov., a new anaerobic fermentative bacterium isolated from an oil field. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018; 68:3747-3753. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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22
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Pikuta EV, Lyu Z, Hoover RB, Liu Y, Patel NB, Busse HJ, Lawson PA. Williamwhitmania taraxaci gen. nov., sp. nov., a proteolytic anaerobe with a novel type of cytology from Lake Untersee in Antarctica, description of Williamwhitmaniaceae fam. nov., and emendation of the order Bacteroidales Krieg 2012. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:4132-4145. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.002266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elena V. Pikuta
- Department of Mathematical, Computer and Natural Sciences, Athens State University, Athens AL, 35611, USA
| | - Zhe Lyu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens GA, 30602, USA
| | - Richard B. Hoover
- Buckingham Centre for Astrobiology, University of Buckingham, Buckingham, UK
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge LA, 70803, USA
| | - Nisha B. Patel
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman OK, 73019, USA
| | - Hans J. Busse
- Institut für Mikrobiologie, Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien, A-1210 Wien, Austria
| | - Paul A. Lawson
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman OK, 73019, USA
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23
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Koelschbach JS, Mouttaki H, Pickl C, Heipieper HJ, Rachel R, Lawson PA, Meckenstock RU. Rectinema cohabitans gen. nov., sp. nov., a rod-shaped spirochaete isolated from an anaerobic naphthalene-degrading enrichment culture. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:1288-1295. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Janina S Koelschbach
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Universität Duisburg-Essen, Biofilm Centre, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Housna Mouttaki
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Carolin Pickl
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hermann J Heipieper
- Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Reinhard Rachel
- Universität Regensburg, Zentrum für Elektronenmikroskopie der Fakultät für Biologie und Vorklinische Medizin, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Paul A Lawson
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Rainer U Meckenstock
- Universität Duisburg-Essen, Biofilm Centre, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
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Arroua B, Ranchou-Peyruse A, Ranchou-Peyruse M, Magot M, Urios L, Grimaud R. Pleomorphochaeta caudata gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobic bacterium isolated from an offshore oil well, reclassification of Sphaerochaeta multiformis MO-SPC2T as Pleomorphochaeta multiformis MO-SPC2T comb. nov. as the type strain of this novel genus and emended description of the genus Sphaerochaeta. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:417-424. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Boussad Arroua
- CNRS/ Université de Pau & des Pays de l’Adour, IPREM UMR 5254, 64000, Pau, France
| | | | | | - Michel Magot
- CNRS/ Université de Pau & des Pays de l’Adour, IPREM UMR 5254, 64000, Pau, France
| | - Laurent Urios
- CNRS/ Université de Pau & des Pays de l’Adour, IPREM UMR 5254, 64000, Pau, France
| | - Régis Grimaud
- CNRS/ Université de Pau & des Pays de l’Adour, IPREM UMR 5254, 64000, Pau, France
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25
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Imachi H, Sakai S, Kubota T, Miyazaki M, Saito Y, Takai K. Sedimentibacter acidaminivorans sp. nov., an anaerobic, amino-acid-utilizing bacterium isolated from marine subsurface sediment. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:1293-1300. [PMID: 26739306 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.000878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel, anaerobic bacterium, strain MO-SEDIT, was isolated from a methanogenic microbial community, which was originally obtained from marine subsurface sediments collected from off the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming rods, 0.4-1.4 μm long by 0.4-0.6 μm wide. The cells also formed long filaments of up to about 11 μm. The strain grew on amino acids (i.e. valine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, glycine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, lysine and arginine), pyruvate and melezitose in the presence of yeast extract. Growth was observed at 4-37 °C (optimally at 30 °C), at pH 6.0 and 8.5 (optimally at 7.0-7.5) and in 0-60 g l- 1 NaCl (optimally 20 g NaCl l- 1). The G+C content of the DNA was 32.0 mol%. The polar lipids of strain MO-SEDIT were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidyl lipids and unknown lipids. The major cellular fatty acids (>10 % of the total) were C14 : 0, C16 : 1ω9 and C16 : 0 dimethyl aldehyde. Comparative sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene showed that strain MO-SEDIT was affiliated with the genus Sedimentibacter within the phylum Firmicutes. It was related most closely to the type strain of Sedimentibacter saalensis (94 % sequence similarity). Based on the phenotypic and genetic characteristics, strain MO-SEDIT is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Sedimentibacter, for which the name Sedimentibacter acidaminivorans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MO-SEDIT ( = JCM 17293T = DSM 24004T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Imachi
- Research and Development Center for Marine Resources,JAMSTEC, Kanagawa 237-0061,Japan.,Department of Subsurface Geobiological Analysis and Research (D-SUGAR), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC),Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061,Japan
| | - Sanae Sakai
- Department of Subsurface Geobiological Analysis and Research (D-SUGAR), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC),Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061,Japan
| | - Takaaki Kubota
- Marine Functional Biology Group,JAMSTEC, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061,Japan
| | - Masayuki Miyazaki
- Department of Subsurface Geobiological Analysis and Research (D-SUGAR), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC),Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061,Japan
| | - Yayoi Saito
- Department of Subsurface Geobiological Analysis and Research (D-SUGAR), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC),Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061,Japan.,Department of Environmental Systems Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology,Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188,Japan
| | - Ken Takai
- Department of Subsurface Geobiological Analysis and Research (D-SUGAR), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC),Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061,Japan
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26
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Troshina O, Oshurkova V, Suzina N, Machulin A, Ariskina E, Vinokurova N, Kopitsyn D, Novikov A, Shcherbakova V. Sphaerochaeta associata sp. nov., a spherical spirochaete isolated from cultures of Methanosarcina mazei JL01. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2015; 65:4315-4322. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.000575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An anaerobic, saccharolytic bacterial strain designated GLS2T was isolated from aggregates of the psychrotolerant archaeon Methanosarcina mazei strain JL01 isolated from arctic permafrost. Bacterial cells were non-motile, spherical, ovoid and annular with diameter 0.2–4 μm. They were chemoorganoheterotrophs using a wide range of mono-, di- and trisaccharides as carbon and energy sources. The novel isolate required yeast extract and vitamins for growth. The bacteria exhibited resistance to a number of β-lactam antibiotics, rifampicin, streptomycin and vancomycin. Optimum growth was observed between 30 and 34 °C, at pH 6.8–7.5 and with 1–2 g NaCl l− 1. Isolate GLS2T was a strict anaerobe but it tolerated oxygen exposure. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain GLS2T was shown to belong to the genus Sphaerochaeta within the family Spirochaetaceae. Its closest relatives were Sphaerochaeta globosa BuddyT (99.3 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and Sphaerochaeta pleomorpha GrapesT (95.4 % similarity). The G+C content of DNA was 47.2 mol%. The level of DNA–DNA hybridization between strains GLS2T and BuddyT was 34.7 ± 8.8 %. Major polar lipids were phosphoglycolipids, phospholipids and glycolipids; major fatty acids were C14 : 0, C16 : 0, C16 : 0 3-OH, C16 : 0 dimethyl acetal (DMA), C16 : 1n8 and C16 : 1 DMA; respiratory quinones were not detected. The results of DNA–DNA hybridization, physiological and biochemical tests demonstrated genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain GLS2T from the four species of the genus Sphaerochaeta with validly published names that allowed its separation into a new lineage at the species level. Strain GLS2T therefore represents a novel species, for which the name Sphaerochaeta associata sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain GLS2T ( = DSM 26261T = VKM B-2742T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Troshina
- Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect Nauki 5, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia
| | - Viktoria Oshurkova
- Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect Nauki 5, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia
| | - Natalia Suzina
- Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect Nauki 5, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia
| | - Andrei Machulin
- Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect Nauki 5, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia
| | - Elena Ariskina
- Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect Nauki 5, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia
| | - Natalia Vinokurova
- Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect Nauki 5, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia
| | - Dmitry Kopitsyn
- Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, Leninskiy Prospect 65-1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrei Novikov
- Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, Leninskiy Prospect 65-1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Viktoria Shcherbakova
- Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect Nauki 5, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia
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