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Shirafuji H, Kishida N, Murota K, Suda Y, Yanase T. Genetic Characterization of Palyam Serogroup Viruses Isolated in Japan from 1984 to 2018 and Development of a Real-Time RT-PCR Assay for Broad Detection of Palyam Serogroup Viruses and Specific Detection of Chuzan (Kasba) and D'Aguilar Viruses. Pathogens 2024; 13:550. [PMID: 39057776 PMCID: PMC11279806 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13070550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
We performed whole genome sequencing (WGS) of 15 Palyam serogroup virus (PALV) strains isolated from cattle or Culicoides biting midges in Japan from 1984 to 2018. We found that the PALV strains consisted of Chuzan (Kasba) virus (CHUV), D'Aguilar virus (DAGV), Bunyip Creek virus, and another PALV, Marrakai virus (MARV). The Japanese MARV strains isolated in 1997 were closely related to Australian PALV strains isolated in 1968-1976 in genome segments 2 and 10, but they were most closely related to other Japanese PALV strains in the other genome segments. Our data suggest that the Japanese MARV strains were reassortant viruses between Asian and Australian PALVs. In addition to the WGS, we developed a real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assay that can broadly detect PALV and specifically detect CHUV and DAGV, utilizing the data obtained by the WGS in this study. We detected the DAGV gene in bovine stillborn fetuses and congenitally abnormal calves in 2019 using the newly developed assay. To our knowledge, this is the first report of isolation of MARV outside of Australia and the first report of detection of PALV in bovine fetuses or calves with congenital abnormality outside of Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Shirafuji
- Exotic Disease Group, Division of Transboundary Animal Disease Research, National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 6-20-1 Josuihoncho, Kodaira 187-0022, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsumi Kishida
- Virus Group, Division of Infectious Animal Disease Research, National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba 305-0856, Ibaraki, Japan; (N.K.); (Y.S.)
| | - Katsunori Murota
- Epidemiology and Arbovirus Group, Division of Transboundary Animal Disease Research, National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2702 Chuzan, Kagoshima 891-0105, Kagoshima, Japan; (K.M.); (T.Y.)
| | - Yuto Suda
- Virus Group, Division of Infectious Animal Disease Research, National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba 305-0856, Ibaraki, Japan; (N.K.); (Y.S.)
| | - Tohru Yanase
- Epidemiology and Arbovirus Group, Division of Transboundary Animal Disease Research, National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2702 Chuzan, Kagoshima 891-0105, Kagoshima, Japan; (K.M.); (T.Y.)
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Kim HJ, Choi JG, Seong DS, Jeong JU, Kim HJ, Park SW, Yun SP, Roh IS. The First Report on the Complete Sequence Characterization of Bluetongue Virus Serotype 3 in the Republic of Korea. Vet Sci 2024; 11:29. [PMID: 38250935 PMCID: PMC10821305 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The bluetongue virus (BTV) is a significant animal pathogen with economic implications in the ruminant industry. Despite global reports on BTV detection and epidemiologic investigations, limited studies have focused on the virus in the ROK. In this study, BTV epidemiological research was conducted on blood samples from cattle and goat farms across nine regions during 2013-2014. The results showed that 3.33% of bovine blood samples (194/5824) and 0.19% of goat blood samples (2/1075) tested positive for BTV antibodies using ELISA. In Jeju-do, BTV RNA amplification occurred in 51 of 422 samples (12.1%) using real-time reverse transcription (RT-qPCR). The isolation of one sample revealed it as serotype 3, as indicated by the sequence of segments 2 (Seg-2) and 6 (Seg-6), associated with the eastern BTV topotype. However, based on Seg-1, -3, -4, -5, -7, -8, -9, and -10 analyses, the BTV-3/JJBB35 strain is more closely related to distinct BTV strains. These findings imply BTV circulation and that the Korean-isolated BTV might originate from Asian BTV strains due to multiple reassortment events. This study provides foundational data for ongoing BTV monitoring and disease-control policies in the ROK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jeong Kim
- Division of Foreign Animal Disease, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.K.)
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Central Scientific Instrumentation Facility, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Gu Choi
- Division of Foreign Animal Disease, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.K.)
| | - Da-Seul Seong
- Division of Foreign Animal Disease, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.K.)
| | - Jong-Uk Jeong
- Division of Foreign Animal Disease, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.K.)
| | - Hye-Jung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University Graduate School, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Won Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University Graduate School, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Pil Yun
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University Graduate School, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soon Roh
- Division of Foreign Animal Disease, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.K.)
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Ishaq M, Shah SAA, Khan N, Jamal SM. Prevalence and risk factors of bluetongue in small and large ruminants maintained on Government farms in North-western Pakistan. Res Vet Sci 2023; 161:38-44. [PMID: 37321009 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study reports prevalence of antibodies against bluetongue virus (BTV) in animals kept on Government farms/research stations in North-western Pakistan and its association with different risk factors. In total, 1257 blood samples were collected, at random, from animals on 12 separate Government farms/research stations. The prevalence of antibodies against BTV was evaluated using a competitive ELISA. Mixed effects univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were applied to ascertain different risk factors associated with the prevalence of the infection using farm as random effect variable. The overall weighted seroprevalence was recorded as 52%. In univariate analysis, a significant association between sero-conversion to BTV infection and species (P < 0.0001), sex (P < 0.0001), herd size (P = 0.0295) and age of animal (P < 0.0001) was recorded. In multivariate mixed effects logistic regression analysis, prevalence of the infection was found to be 7 (95% CI =2-28) times higher in goats and buffalo than in sheep. Prevalence of the infection was found to be 2.5 (95% CI =1.7-3.3) times higher in female than male animals. However, no significant association was found between sero-conversion of BTV and herd size in multivariate mixed effects logistic regression. Age was found to be a risk factor for the sero-conversion; odds of sero-conversion to BTV increased by 1.29, 1.4, 1.32 and 1.6 times per year increase in age of sheep, goats, buffalo and cattle, respectively. Prevalence of bluetongue was found higher in animals maintained on Government owned farms than that in individual holdings, as previously reported in Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ishaq
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Syed Asad Ali Shah
- Livestock & Dairy Development Department, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Nadar Khan
- Veterinary Research Institute, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Syed M Jamal
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
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Murota K, Ishii K, Mekaru Y, Araki M, Suda Y, Shirafuji H, Kobayashi D, Isawa H, Yanase T. Isolation of Culicoides- and Mosquito-Borne Orbiviruses in the Southwestern Islands of Japan Between 2014 and 2019. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2021; 21:796-808. [PMID: 34463150 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2021.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The circulation of arboviruses in livestock ruminants has often gone unrecognized owing to the fact that a significant percentage of arboviruses probably induce subclinical infections and/or negligible symptoms in infected animals. To determine the current situation of arbovirus circulation in the Yaeyama Islands, attempts to isolate viruses from bovine blood samples collected between 2014 and 2019 have been made. In total, 308 blood samples were collected during the study period, and 43 of them induced cytopathic effects (CPEs) in cell cultures. The identification of the CPE agents was performed by reported RT-PCR assays and a high-throughput analysis with a next-generation sequencing platform. The obtained viruses consisted of an orthobunyavirus (Peaton virus), Culicoides-borne orbiviruses (bluetongue virus serotypes 12 and 16, epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus [EHDV] serotypes 5, 6, and 7, D'Aguilar virus, and Bunyip Creek virus), and potential mosquito-borne orbiviruses (Yunnan orbivirus, Guangxi orbivirus, and Yonaguni orbivirus). Most of the orbiviruses were recovered from washed blood cells with mosquito cell cultures, suggesting that this combination was more efficient than other combinations such as plasma/blood cells and hamster cell lines. This marked the first time that the isolation of EHDV serotypes 5 and 6 and three potential mosquito-borne orbiviruses was recorded in Japan, showing a greater variety of orbiviruses on the islands than previously known. Genetic analysis of the isolated orbiviruses suggested that the Yaeyama Islands and its neighboring regions were epidemiologically related. Some of the viruses, especially the potential mosquito-borne orbiviruses, were isolated during several consecutive years, indicating their establishment on the islands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsunori Murota
- Kagoshima Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Keiko Ishii
- Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Animal Health, Uruma, Japan
| | - Yuji Mekaru
- Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Animal Health, Uruma, Japan
| | - Miho Araki
- Yaeyama Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Ishigaki, Japan
| | - Yuto Suda
- Kagoshima Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shirafuji
- Kagoshima Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kobayashi
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Isawa
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Japan
| | - Tohru Yanase
- Kagoshima Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kagoshima, Japan
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Yamamoto K, Hiromatsu R, Kaida M, Kato T, Yanase T, Shirafuji H. Isolation of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 7 from cattle showing fever in Japan in 2016 and improvement of a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay to detect epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus. J Vet Med Sci 2021; 83:1378-1388. [PMID: 34248104 PMCID: PMC8498830 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.20-0523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD) is an arthropod-borne disease of wild and domestic ruminants caused by the EHD virus (EHDV). To date, seven EHDV serotypes have been identified. In Japan, strain Ibaraki of EHDV serotype 2 has caused outbreaks of Ibaraki disease in cattle. In addition, EHDV serotype 7 (EHDV-7) has caused large-scale EHD epizootics. In mid-September 2016, eight cattle at a breeding farm in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan developed fever. Since EHDV-7 was detected in sentinel cattle in western Japan in 2016, we suspected that the cause of this fever might be an EHDV-7 infection. In this study, we tested cattle for EHDV-7 and some other viruses. Consequently, EHDV was isolated from washed blood cells collected from three of the eight cattle, and genetic analysis of genome segment 2 revealed that this isolate was EHDV-7. Moreover, all affected cattle tested positive for anti-EHDV-7 neutralizing antibodies. Our results suggest that the fever was caused by EHDV-7 infection. In addition, we modified a conventional reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay for the specific detection of EHDV. This modified assay could detect various strains of EHDV isolated in Japan, Australia, and North America. Furthermore, the assay permitted the detection of EHDV-7 in blood cells collected from seven of the eight cattle. We believe that this modified assay will be a useful tool for the diagnosis of EHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunitaka Yamamoto
- Fukuoka Chuo Livestock Hygiene Service Center, 4-14-5 Hakozaki-Futo, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-0051, Japan
| | - Riki Hiromatsu
- Fukuoka Chuo Livestock Hygiene Service Center, 4-14-5 Hakozaki-Futo, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-0051, Japan
| | - Mina Kaida
- Fukuoka Chuo Livestock Hygiene Service Center, 4-14-5 Hakozaki-Futo, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-0051, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kato
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Food and Agriculture Research Organization (NARO), 2702 Chuzan, Kagoshima 891-0105, Japan
| | - Tohru Yanase
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Food and Agriculture Research Organization (NARO), 2702 Chuzan, Kagoshima 891-0105, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shirafuji
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Food and Agriculture Research Organization (NARO), 2702 Chuzan, Kagoshima 891-0105, Japan
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White JR, Williams DT, Davies K, Wang J, Chen H, Certoma A, Davis SS, Weir RP, Melville LF, Eagles D. Bluetongue virus serotype 12 enters Australia - a further incursion of novel western lineage genome segments. J Gen Virol 2020; 102. [PMID: 33331813 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Bluetongue virus (BTV) is an arbovirus (genus: Orbivirus) that occurs worldwide. It infects domestic and wild ruminant species and can cause disease in livestock, producing high economic impact. Recently, it gained extra prominence throughout Europe, with disease occurring in regions traditionally free of BTV. BTV enters Australia from Southeast Asia via wind-borne infected Culicoides spp. The first Australian isolation was 1975 (BTV-20) and further serotypes were isolated between 1979-86 (BTV-1, -3, -9, -15, -16, -21, -23). Despite increased, more sensitive, monitoring, no more were detected in over two decades, implying a stable BTV episystem of eastern ancestry. Isolations of BTV-2, -7 and -5 then occurred between 2007-15, with the latter two possessing genome segments with high sequence identity to western isolates. We report on the first isolation and genomic characterization of BTV-12, which revealed that three more novel western topotype gene segments have entered northern Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R White
- CSIRO Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness (formerly: Australian Animal Health Laboratory), Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - David T Williams
- CSIRO Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness (formerly: Australian Animal Health Laboratory), Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kelly Davies
- CSIRO Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness (formerly: Australian Animal Health Laboratory), Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jianning Wang
- CSIRO Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness (formerly: Australian Animal Health Laboratory), Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Honglei Chen
- CSIRO Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness (formerly: Australian Animal Health Laboratory), Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrea Certoma
- CSIRO Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness (formerly: Australian Animal Health Laboratory), Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Richard P Weir
- Berrimah Veterinary Laboratories, Department of Primary Industry and Resources, Northern Territory Government, Berrimah, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Lorna F Melville
- Berrimah Veterinary Laboratories, Department of Primary Industry and Resources, Northern Territory Government, Berrimah, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Debbie Eagles
- CSIRO Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness (formerly: Australian Animal Health Laboratory), Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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Yanase T, Murota K, Hayama Y. Endemic and Emerging Arboviruses in Domestic Ruminants in East Asia. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:168. [PMID: 32318588 PMCID: PMC7154088 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epizootic congenital abnormalities caused by Akabane, Aino, and Chuzan viruses have damaged the reproduction of domestic ruminants in East Asia for many years. In the past, large outbreaks of febrile illness related to bovine ephemeral fever and Ibaraki viruses severely affected the cattle industry in that region. In recent years, vaccines against these viruses have reduced the occurrence of diseases, although the viruses are still circulating and have occasionally caused sporadic and small-scaled epidemics. Over a long-term monitoring period, many arboviruses other than the above-mentioned viruses have been isolated from cattle and Culicoides biting midges in Japan. Several novel arboviruses that may infect ruminants (e.g., mosquito- and tick-borne arboviruses) were recently reported in mainland China based on extensive surveillance. It is noteworthy that some are suspected of being associated with cattle diseases. Malformed calves exposed to an intrauterine infection with orthobunyaviruses (e.g., Peaton and Shamonda viruses) have been observed. Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 6 caused a sudden outbreak of hemorrhagic disease in cattle in Japan. Unfortunately, the pathogenicity of many other viruses in ruminants has been uncertain, although these viruses potentially affect livestock production. As global transportation grows, the risk of an accidental incursion of arboviruses is likely to increase in previously non-endemic areas. Global warming will also certainly affect the distribution and active period of vectors, and thus the range of virus spreads will expand to higher-latitude regions. To prevent anticipated damages to the livestock industry, the monitoring system for arboviral circulation and incursion should be strengthened; moreover, the sharing of information and preventive strategies will be essential in East Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tohru Yanase
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, NARO, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Katsunori Murota
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, NARO, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yoko Hayama
- Viral Disease and Epidemiology Research Division, National Institute of Animal Health, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
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Hwang JM, Kim JG, Yeh JY. Serological evidence of bluetongue virus infection and serotype distribution in dairy cattle in South Korea. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:255. [PMID: 31337392 PMCID: PMC6651986 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-2000-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bluetongue is a vector-borne viral disease, and bluetongue virus (BTV) outbreaks can cause substantial economic losses. Even subclinical infection may carry significant associated costs, including a loss of condition, reduced milk yield, and infertility and abortion, and indirect costs, largely due to the export restrictions and surveillance requirements imposed to limit the spread of the virus. However, the BTV epidemiology in the Far East remains incompletely understood, especially in the cattle population in South Korea. In this study, the seroprevalence of BTV antibodies and distribution of BTV serotypes in dairy cattle in South Korea were evaluated to improve the understanding of the BTV epidemiological situation in the Asia-Pacific region. Results Between 2012 and 2013, a total of 37 out of 171 dairy cattle herds (21.6%) and 85 out of 466 dairy cattle heads (18.2%) showed antibodies against BTV. Neutralizing antibodies to BTV-1, − 2, − 3, − 4, − 7, − 15, and − 16 serotypes were identified, and the RNAs of the BTV-1, − 2, − 3, − 15, and − 16 serotypes were detected, indicating that BTV was circulating in the dairy cattle population in South Korea. Conclusions These findings indicate that BTV is widespread and has circulated in dairy cattle in South Korea. This is the first report presenting evidence of circulating antibodies against BTV and the serotype distribution in bovine populations in South Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Min Hwang
- Veterinary Research Center, Green Cross Veterinary Products Co., Ltd, Kugal-dong 227-5, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17066, South Korea
| | - Jae Geun Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Academy-ro 119, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 22012, South Korea
| | - Jung-Yong Yeh
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Academy-ro 119, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 22012, South Korea. .,Emerging & Exotic Diseases Research Laboratory, Foreign Animal Diseases Division, National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, Anyang-ro 175, Manan-gu, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14089, South Korea.
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White JR, Williams DT, Wang J, Chen H, Melville LF, Davis SS, Weir RP, Certoma A, Di Rubbo A, Harvey G, Lunt RA, Eagles D. Identification and genomic characterization of the first isolate of bluetongue virus serotype 5 detected in Australia. Vet Med Sci 2019; 5:129-145. [PMID: 30747479 PMCID: PMC6556758 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bluetongue virus (BTV), transmitted by midges (Culicoides sp), is distributed worldwide and causes disease in ruminants. In particular, BT can be a debilitating disease in sheep causing serious trade and socio-economic consequences at both local and global levels. Across Australia, a sentinel cattle herd surveillance program monitors the BTV activity. Prior to 2014, BTV-1, -2, -3, -7, -9, -15, -16, -20, -21 and -23 had been isolated in Australia, but no bluetongue disease has occurred in a commercial Australian flock. We routinely use a combination of serology, virus isolation, RT-PCR and next generation and conventional nucleotide sequencing technologies to detect and phylogenetically characterize incursions of novel BTV strains into Australia. Screening of Northern Territory virus isolates in 2015 revealed BTV-5, a serotype new to Australia. We derived the complete genome of this isolate and determined its phylogenetic relationship with exotic BTV-5 isolates. Gene segments 2, 6, 7 and 10 exhibited a close relationship with the South African prototype isolate RSArrrr/5. This was the first Australian isolation of a Western topotype of segment 10. Serological surveillance data highlighted the antigenic cross-reactivity between BTV-5 and BTV-9. Phylogenetic investigation of segments 2 and 6 of these serotypes confirmed their unconventional relationships within the BTV serogroup. Our results further highlighted a need for a revision of the current serologically based system for BTV strain differentiation and importantly, implied a potential for genome segments of pathogenic Western BTV strains to rapidly enter Southeast Asia. This emphasized a need for continued high-level surveillance of vectors and viruses at strategic locations in the north of Australia The expansion of routine characterization and classification of BTV to a whole genome approach is recommended, to better monitor the presence and level of establishment of novel Western topotype segments within the Australian episystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R. White
- CSIRO Australian Animal Health LaboratoryGeelongVictoriaAustralia
| | | | - Jianning Wang
- CSIRO Australian Animal Health LaboratoryGeelongVictoriaAustralia
| | - Honglei Chen
- CSIRO Australian Animal Health LaboratoryGeelongVictoriaAustralia
| | - Lorna F. Melville
- Department of Primary Industry and ResourcesBerrimah Veterinary LaboratoriesNorthern Territory GovernmentBerrimahNorthern TerritoryAustralia
| | - Steven S. Davis
- Department of Primary Industry and ResourcesBerrimah Veterinary LaboratoriesNorthern Territory GovernmentBerrimahNorthern TerritoryAustralia
| | - Richard P. Weir
- Department of Primary Industry and ResourcesBerrimah Veterinary LaboratoriesNorthern Territory GovernmentBerrimahNorthern TerritoryAustralia
| | - Andrea Certoma
- CSIRO Australian Animal Health LaboratoryGeelongVictoriaAustralia
| | - Antonio Di Rubbo
- CSIRO Australian Animal Health LaboratoryGeelongVictoriaAustralia
| | - Gemma Harvey
- CSIRO Australian Animal Health LaboratoryGeelongVictoriaAustralia
| | - Ross A. Lunt
- CSIRO Australian Animal Health LaboratoryGeelongVictoriaAustralia
| | - Debbie Eagles
- CSIRO Australian Animal Health LaboratoryGeelongVictoriaAustralia
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Kato T, Aizawa M, Takayoshi K, Yanase T, Tanaka S, Shirafuji H, Yamakawa M. Full genome sequence of a Sathuvachari virus strain isolated in the southwestern-most archipelago of Japan. Virus Genes 2018; 54:729-732. [DOI: 10.1007/s11262-018-1592-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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11
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Qin S, Yang H, Zhang Y, Li Z, Lin J, Gao L, Liao D, Cao Y, Ren P, Li H, Wu J. Full genome sequence of the first bluetongue virus serotype 21 (BTV-21) isolated from China: evidence for genetic reassortment between BTV-21 and bluetongue virus serotype 16 (BTV-16). Arch Virol 2018; 163:1379-1382. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-018-3718-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Shirafuji H, Kato T, Yamakawa M, Tanaka T, Minemori Y, Yanase T. Characterization of genome segments 2, 3 and 6 of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus strains isolated in Japan in 1985–2013: Identification of their serotypes and geographical genetic types. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2017; 53:38-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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13
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McVey DS, Drolet BS, Ruder MG, Wilson WC, Nayduch D, Pfannenstiel R, Cohnstaedt LW, MacLachlan NJ, Gay CG. Orbiviruses: A North American Perspective. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2016; 15:335-8. [PMID: 26086554 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2014.1699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Orbiviruses are members of the Reoviridae family and include bluetongue virus (BTV) and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV). These viruses are the cause of significant regional disease outbreaks among livestock and wildlife in the United States, some of which have been characterized by significant morbidity and mortality. Competent vectors are clearly present in most regions of the globe; therefore, all segments of production livestock are at risk for serious disease outbreaks. Animals with subclinical infections also serve as reservoirs of infection and often result in significant trade restrictions. The economic and explicit impacts of BTV and EHDV infections are difficult to measure, but infections are a cause of economic loss for producers and loss of natural resources (wildlife). In response to United States Animal Health Association (USAHA) Resolution 16, the US Department of Agriculture (USDA), in collaboration with the Department of the Interior (DOI), organized a gap analysis workshop composed of international experts on Orbiviruses. The workshop participants met at the Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Unit in Manhattan, KS, May 14-16, 2013, to assess the available scientific information and status of currently available countermeasures to effectively control and mitigate the impact of an outbreak of an emerging Orbivirus with epizootic potential, with special emphasis given to BTV and EHDV. In assessing the threats, workshop participants determined that available countermeasures are somewhat effective, but several weaknesses were identified that affect their ability to prevent and control disease outbreaks effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Scott McVey
- 1 US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Unit , Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Barbara S Drolet
- 1 US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Unit , Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Mark G Ruder
- 1 US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Unit , Manhattan, Kansas
| | - William C Wilson
- 1 US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Unit , Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Dana Nayduch
- 1 US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Unit , Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Robert Pfannenstiel
- 1 US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Unit , Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Lee W Cohnstaedt
- 1 US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Unit , Manhattan, Kansas
| | - N James MacLachlan
- 2 Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California , Davis, California
| | - Cyril G Gay
- 3 US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Program 103-Animal Health , Beltsville, Maryland
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14
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Shirafuji H, Yazaki R, Shuto Y, Yanase T, Kato T, Ishikura Y, Sakaguchi Z, Suzuki M, Yamakawa M. Broad-range detection of arboviruses belonging to Simbu serogroup lineage 1 and specific detection of Akabane, Aino and Peaton viruses by newly developed multiple TaqMan assays. J Virol Methods 2015; 225:9-15. [PMID: 26341063 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2015.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 08/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
TaqMan assays were developed for the broad-range detection of arboviruses belonging to Simbu serogroup lineage 1 in the genus Orthobunyavirus and also for the specific detection of three viruses in the lineage, Akabane, Aino and Peaton viruses (AKAV, AINOV and PEAV, respectively). A primer and probe set was designed for the broad-range detection of Simbu serogroup lineage 1 (Pan-Simbu1 set) mainly targeting AKAV, AINOV, PEAV, Sathuperi and Shamonda viruses (SATV and SHAV), and the forward and reverse primers of the Pan-Simbu1 set were also used for the specific detection of AKAV with another probe (AKAV-specific set). In addition, two more primer and probe sets were designed for AINOV- and PEAV-specific detection, respectively (AINOV- and PEAV-specific sets). All of the four primer and probe sets successfully detected targeted viruses, and thus broad-range and specific detection of all the targeted viruses can be achieved by using two multiplex assays and a single assay in a dual (two-color) assay format when another primer and probe set for a bovine β-actin control is also used. The assays had an analytical sensitivity of 10 copies/tube for AKAV, at least 100 copies/tube for AINOV, 100 copies/tube for PEAV, one copy/tube for SATV and at least 10 copies/tube for SHAV, respectively. Diagnostic sensitivity of the assays was tested with field-collected bovine samples, and the results suggested that the sensitivity was higher than that of a conventional RT-PCR. These data indicate that the newly developed TaqMan assays will be useful tools for the diagnosis and screening of field-collected samples for infections of AKAV and several other arboviruses belonging to the Simbu serogroup lineage 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Shirafuji
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Japan.
| | - Ryu Yazaki
- Kusu Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Oita Prefectural Government, Japan
| | - Yozo Shuto
- Oita Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Oita Prefectural Government, Japan
| | - Tohru Yanase
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Japan
| | - Tomoko Kato
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Japan
| | - Youji Ishikura
- Domestic Livestock Disease Identification Office, Food Safety Promotion Division, Shimane Prefectural Government, Japan
| | - Zenjiro Sakaguchi
- Kagoshima Central Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Kagoshima Prefectural Government, Japan
| | - Moemi Suzuki
- Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Animal Health, Okinawa Prefectural Government, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamakawa
- Viral Disease and Epidemiology Research Division, NIAH, NARO, Japan
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15
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Kato T, Shirafuji H, Tanaka S, Sato M, Yamakawa M, Tsuda T, Yanase T. Bovine Arboviruses in Culicoides Biting Midges and Sentinel Cattle in Southern Japan from 2003 to 2013. Transbound Emerg Dis 2015; 63:e160-e172. [PMID: 25597441 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Epizootic congenital abnormalities, encephalomyelitis and febrile illnesses in cattle caused by arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are prevalent in Japan. Causative viruses including orthobunyaviruses, orbiviruses and rhabdovirus are thought to be transmitted by Culicoides biting midges. Recently, the incursions of several arboviruses, potentially Culicoides-borne, were newly confirmed in Japan. However, their spread pattern and exact vector species are currently uncertain. Attempts to isolate arboviruses from Culicoides biting midges and sentinel cattle were conducted in Kagoshima, located at the southernmost end of the main islands of Japan, a potentially high-risk area for incursion of arboviral diseases and outbreak of endemic ones. Seventy-eight isolates comprising Akabane, Peaton and Sathuperi viruses of the genus Orthobunyavirus of the family Bunyaviridae, bluetongue virus serotype 16, D'Aguilar virus, Bunyip Creek virus and epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus serotype 1 of the genus Orbivirus of the family Reoviridae, a potentially novel rhabdovirus of the genus Ephemerovirus and unidentified orbivirus-like viruses were obtained from Culicoides biting midges and sentinel cattle between 2003 and 2013. Akabane, Sathuperi, D'Aguilar and Bunyip Creek viruses were selectively isolated from Culicoides oxystoma, suggesting this vector's responsibility for these arbovirus outbreaks. The results of virus isolation also implied that C. tainanus, C. jacobsoni and C. punctatus are competent for the transmission of bluetongue virus serotype 16, Peaton virus and epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus serotype 1, respectively. Our monitoring in Culicoides biting midges and sentinel cattle detected the circulation of Akabane virus just prior to the accumulations of bovine congenital abnormalities and encephalomyelitis by it around study sites in 2003, 2006, 2008 and 2013. Silent circulations of the other arboviruses, including potentially new viruses, were also detected during the study period.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kato
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, NARO, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - H Shirafuji
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, NARO, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - S Tanaka
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, NARO, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - M Sato
- National Institute of Animal Health, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - M Yamakawa
- National Institute of Animal Health, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - T Tsuda
- National Institute of Animal Health, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - T Yanase
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, NARO, Kagoshima, Japan.
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16
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Rao PP, Hegde NR, Reddy YN, Krishnajyothi Y, Reddy YV, Susmitha B, Gollapalli SR, Putty K, Reddy GH. Epidemiology of Bluetongue in India. Transbound Emerg Dis 2014; 63:e151-64. [PMID: 25164573 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Bluetongue (BT) is an insectborne endemic disease in India. Although infections are observed in domestic and wild ruminants, the clinical disease and mortality are observed only in sheep, especially in the southern states of the country. The difference in disease patterns in different parts of the country could be due to varied climatic conditions, sheep population density and susceptibility of the sheep breeds to BT. Over the five decades after the first report of BT in 1964, most of the known serotypes of bluetongue virus (BTV) have been reported from India either by virus isolation or by detection of serotype-specific antibodies. There have been no structured longitudinal studies to identify the circulating serotypes throughout the country. At least ten serotypes were isolated between 1967 and 2000 (BTV-1-4, 6, 9, 16-18, 23). Since 2001, the All-India Network Programme on Bluetongue and other laboratories have isolated eight different serotypes (BTV-1-3, 9, 10, 12, 16, 21). Genetic analysis of these viruses has revealed that some of them vary substantially from reference viruses, and some show high sequence identity with modified live virus vaccines used in different parts of the world. These observations have highlighted the need to develop diagnostic capabilities, especially as BT outbreaks are still declared based on clinical signs. Although virus isolation and serotyping are the gold standards, rapid methods based on the detection of viral nucleic acid may be more suitable for India. The epidemiological investigations also have implications for vaccine design. Although only a handful serotypes may be involved in causing outbreaks every year, the combination of serotypes may change from year to year. For effective control of BT in India, it may be pertinent to introduce sentinel and vector traps systems for identification of the circulating serotypes and to evaluate herd immunity against different serotypes, so that relevant strains can be included in vaccine formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P P Rao
- Ella Foundation, Genome Valley, Hyderabad, India
| | - N R Hegde
- Ella Foundation, Genome Valley, Hyderabad, India
| | - Y N Reddy
- College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Y V Reddy
- Ella Foundation, Genome Valley, Hyderabad, India
| | - B Susmitha
- College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Hyderabad, India
| | - S R Gollapalli
- College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Hyderabad, India
| | - K Putty
- College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Hyderabad, India
| | - G H Reddy
- Veterinary Biologicals Research Institute, Hyderabad, India
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17
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[Reverse genetics systems for orbiviruses reveal the essential mechanisms in their replication]. Uirusu 2014; 64:203-12. [PMID: 26437842 DOI: 10.2222/jsv.64.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The members of Orbivirus genus within the family Reoviridae cause severe arthropod-born diseases mainly in ruminants and equids. In addition, the orbiviruses, which can infect humans, have been reported. In the last decade, the molecular and structural studies for orbiviruses, including Bluetongue virus (BTV), has made a great progress. Especially, a reverse genetics system (RG) for BTV, developed soon after Orhoreovirus and Rotavirus, is a major breakthrough. Here, I introduced the recent findings in orbivirus replication, especially the function of an enzymatic protein, VP6.
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18
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Legisa D, Gonzalez F, De Stefano G, Pereda A, Santos MJD. Phylogenetic analysis of bluetongue virus serotype 4 field isolates from Argentina. J Gen Virol 2013; 94:652-662. [DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.046896-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bluetongue is an insect-transmitted viral disease of ruminant species, which represents a major barrier to the international trade of animals and their products. Bluetongue virus (BTV) has a genome composed of ten linear segments of dsRNA, which code for at least ten different viral proteins. In South America, serological evidence for the presence of BTV has been found in Peru, Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador and Chile. Brazil and Argentina are the only South American countries where BTV has been isolated. In Brazil, only one BTV isolate, serotype 12, has been reported, whereas in Argentina five BTV serotype 4 isolates have been obtained from cattle without clinical signs. Three of these five isolates were isolated during 1999–2001, whereas two of them were obtained as part of the present work. This study describes sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analyses of segment (Seg)-2, Seg-3, Seg-6, Seg-7 and Seg-10 of the first Argentinian field isolates of BTV. The analysis of Seg-2 and Seg-6 resulted in a single cluster of Argentinian sequences into the serotype 4 clade. In addition, the Argentinian sequences grouped within the nucleotype A clade, along with reference strains. The analysis of Seg-3, Seg-7 and Seg-10 showed that the Argentinian isolates grouped into the western topotype, indicating that the circulating virus had an African/European origin. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Argentinian sequences present a South American genetic identity, suggesting an independent lineage evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Legisa
- Instituto de Virología, CICVyA, INTA-Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - F. Gonzalez
- Instituto de Virología, CICVyA, INTA-Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - G. De Stefano
- Instituto de Virología, CICVyA, INTA-Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A. Pereda
- Instituto de Virología, CICVyA, INTA-Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M. J. Dus Santos
- Instituto de Virología, CICVyA, INTA-Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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