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Wang T, Miao F, Lv S, Li L, Wei F, Hou L, Sun R, Li W, Zhang J, Zhang C, Yang G, Xiang H, Meng K, Wan Z, Wang B, Feng G, Zhao Z, Luo D, Li N, Tu C, Wang H, Xue X, Liu Y, Gao Y. Proteomic and Metabolomic Characterization of SARS-CoV-2-Infected Cynomolgus Macaque at Early Stage. Front Immunol 2022; 13:954121. [PMID: 35903092 PMCID: PMC9315341 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.954121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Although tremendous effort has been exerted to elucidate the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 cases, the detailed mechanism of moderate cases, which accounts for 90% of all patients, remains unclear yet, partly limited by lacking the biopsy tissues. Here, we established the COVID-19 infection model in cynomolgus macaques (CMs), monitored the clinical and pathological features, and analyzed underlying pathogenic mechanisms at early infection stage by performing proteomic and metabolomic profiling of lung tissues and sera samples from COVID-19 CMs models. Our data demonstrated that innate immune response, neutrophile and platelet activation were mainly dysregulated in COVID-19 CMs. The symptom of neutrophilia, lymphopenia and massive "cytokines storm", main features of severe COVID-19 patients, were greatly weakened in most of the challenged CMs, which are more semblable as moderate patients. Thus, COVID-19 model in CMs is rational to understand the pathogenesis of moderate COVID-19 and may be a candidate model to assess the safety and efficacy of therapeutics and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiecheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Faming Miao
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shengnan Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Jilin University First Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Liang Li
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Jilin University First Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Lihua Hou
- Vaccine and Antibody Engineering Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Renren Sun
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of Ministry of Education, and National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Jilin University First Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Haiyang Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Keyin Meng
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Zhonghai Wan
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Busen Wang
- Vaccine and Antibody Engineering Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Guodong Feng
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongpeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Deyan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Li
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Changchun Tu
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochang Xue
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yuwei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
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2
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Sundar S, Piramanayagam S, Natarajan J. A review on structural genomics approach applied for drug discovery against three vector-borne viral diseases: Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika. Virus Genes 2022; 58:151-171. [PMID: 35394596 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-022-01898-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Structural genomics involves the advent of three-dimensional structures of the genome encoded proteins through various techniques available. Numerous structural genomics research groups have been developed across the globe and they contribute enormously to the identification of three-dimensional structures of various proteins. In this review, we have discussed the applications of the structural genomics approach towards the discovery of potential lead-like molecules against the genomic drug targets of three vector-borne diseases, namely, Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika. Currently, all these three diseases are associated with the most important global public health problems and significant economic burden in tropical countries. Structural genomics has accelerated the identification of novel drug targets and inhibitors for the treatment of these diseases. We start with the current development status of the drug targets and antiviral drugs against these three diseases and conclude by describing challenges that need to be addressed to overcome the shortcomings in the process of drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobana Sundar
- Computational Biology Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | | | - Jeyakumar Natarajan
- Data Mining and Text Mining Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
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3
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Farahani M, Niknam Z, Mohammadi Amirabad L, Amiri-Dashatan N, Koushki M, Nemati M, Danesh Pouya F, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Rasmi Y, Tayebi L. Molecular pathways involved in COVID-19 and potential pathway-based therapeutic targets. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 145:112420. [PMID: 34801852 PMCID: PMC8585639 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Deciphering the molecular downstream consequences of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)- 2 infection is important for a greater understanding of the disease and treatment planning. Furthermore, greater understanding of the underlying mechanisms of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies can help in the development of vaccines and drugs against COVID-19. At present, the molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 in the host cells are not sufficiently comprehended. Some of the mechanisms are proposed considering the existing similarities between SARS-CoV-2 and the other members of the β-CoVs, and others are explained based on studies advanced in the structure and function of SARS-CoV-2. In this review, we endeavored to map the possible mechanisms of the host response following SARS-CoV-2 infection and surveyed current research conducted by in vitro, in vivo and human observations, as well as existing suggestions. We addressed the specific signaling events that can cause cytokine storm and demonstrated three forms of cell death signaling following virus infection, including apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis. Given the elicited signaling pathways, we introduced possible pathway-based therapeutic targets; ADAM17 was especially highlighted as one of the most important elements of several signaling pathways involved in the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19. We also provided the possible drug candidates against these targets. Moreover, the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway was found as one of the important cross-talk pathways through a pathway-pathway interaction analysis for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Farahani
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Niknam
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Nasrin Amiri-Dashatan
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Koushki
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Nemati
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Fahima Danesh Pouya
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani
- Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Yousef Rasmi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
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4
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Escobedo RA, Singh DK, Kaushal D. Understanding COVID-19: From Dysregulated Immunity to Vaccination Status Quo. Front Immunol 2021; 12:765349. [PMID: 34858417 PMCID: PMC8632224 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.765349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of vaccines against infectious diseases has helped us battle the greatest threat to public health. With the emergence of novel viruses, targeted immunotherapeutics ranging from informed vaccine development to personalized medicine may be the very thing that separates us between life and death. Late in 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiological agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), made a remarkable entrance to human civilization, being one of many to cross the species barrier. This review discusses the important aspects of COVID-19, providing a brief overview of our current understanding of dysregulated immune responses developed using various experimental models, a brief outline of experimental models of COVID-19 and more importantly, the rapid development of vaccines against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruby A. Escobedo
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
- The Integrated Biomedical Sciences (IBMS) Graduate Program, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Dhiraj K. Singh
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Deepak Kaushal
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
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5
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You H, Yu L, Tian S, Ma X, Xing Y, Song J, Wu W. Anti-cancer Peptide Recognition Based on Grouped Sequence and Spatial Dimension Integrated Networks. Interdiscip Sci 2021; 14:196-208. [PMID: 34637113 DOI: 10.1007/s12539-021-00481-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The diversification of the characteristic sequences of anti-cancer peptides has imposed difficulties on research. To effectively predict new anti-cancer peptides, this paper proposes a more suitable feature grouping sequence and spatial dimension-integrated network algorithm for anti-cancer peptide sequence prediction called GRCI-Net. The main process is as follows: First, we implemented the fusion reduction of binary structure features and K-mer sparse matrix features through principal component analysis and generated a set of new features; second, we constructed a new bidirectional long- and short-term memory network. We used traditional convolution and dilated convolution to acquire features in the spatial dimension using the memory network's grouping sequence model, which is designed to better handle the diversification of anti-cancer peptide feature sequences and to fully learn the contextual information between features. Finally, we achieved the fusion of grouping sequence features and spatial dimensional integration features through two sets of dense network layers, achieved the prediction of anti-cancer peptides through the sigmoid function, and verified the approach with two public datasets, ACP740 (accuracy reached 0.8230) and ACP240 (accuracy reached 0.8750). The following is a link to the model code and datasets mentioned in this article: https://github.com/ YouHongfeng101/ACP-DL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfeng You
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, 666 Shengli Road, Tianshan District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Long Yu
- Network Center, Xinjiang University, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Shengwei Tian
- School of Software, Xinjiang University, Tianshan District, 666 Shengli Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiang Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Yan Xing
- Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, LiYuShan South Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jinmiao Song
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Weidong Wu
- People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
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6
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Albrecht L, Bishop E, Jay B, Lafoux B, Minoves M, Passaes C. COVID-19 Research: Lessons from Non-Human Primate Models. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:886. [PMID: 34452011 PMCID: PMC8402317 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9080886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It emerged from China in December 2019 and rapidly spread across the globe, causing a pandemic with unprecedented impacts on public health and economy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of curative treatments and vaccines. In humans, COVID-19 pathogenesis shows a wide range of symptoms, from asymptomatic to severe pneumonia. Identifying animal models of SARS-CoV-2 infection that reflect the clinical symptoms of COVID-19 is of critical importance. Nonhuman primates (NHPss) correspond to relevant models to assess vaccine and antiviral effectiveness. This review discusses the use of NHPs as models for COVID-19 research, with focus on the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, drug discovery and pre-clinical evaluation of vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Albrecht
- Institut Pasteur, Centre d’Enseignement, Cours Virologie Fondamentale, 75015 Paris, France; (L.A.); (E.B.); (B.J.); (B.L.); (M.M.)
- Département de Sciences de la vie, Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France
- École normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Elodie Bishop
- Institut Pasteur, Centre d’Enseignement, Cours Virologie Fondamentale, 75015 Paris, France; (L.A.); (E.B.); (B.J.); (B.L.); (M.M.)
- Département de Sciences de la vie, Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France
- École normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Basile Jay
- Institut Pasteur, Centre d’Enseignement, Cours Virologie Fondamentale, 75015 Paris, France; (L.A.); (E.B.); (B.J.); (B.L.); (M.M.)
- École normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Blaise Lafoux
- Institut Pasteur, Centre d’Enseignement, Cours Virologie Fondamentale, 75015 Paris, France; (L.A.); (E.B.); (B.J.); (B.L.); (M.M.)
- Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Marie Minoves
- Institut Pasteur, Centre d’Enseignement, Cours Virologie Fondamentale, 75015 Paris, France; (L.A.); (E.B.); (B.J.); (B.L.); (M.M.)
- Département de Sciences de la vie, Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Caroline Passaes
- Département de Sciences du vivant, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
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Pham TL, He J, Kakazu AH, Calandria J, Do KV, Nshimiyimana R, Lam TF, Petasis NA, Bazan HEP, Bazan NG. ELV-N32 and RvD6 isomer decrease pro-inflammatory cytokines, senescence programming, ACE2 and SARS-CoV-2-spike protein RBD binding in injured cornea. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12787. [PMID: 34140611 PMCID: PMC8211643 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92293-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in a pandemic affecting the most vulnerable in society, triggering a public health crisis and economic collapse around the world. Effective treatments to mitigate this viral infection are needed. Since the eye is a route of virus entrance, we use an in vivo rat model of corneal inflammation as well as human corneal epithelial cells (HCEC) in culture challenged with IFNγ as models of the eye surface to study this issue. We explore ways to block the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) protein to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). We found that the lipid mediators, elovanoid (ELV)-N32 or Resolvin D6-isomer (RvD6i) decreased the expression of the ACE2 receptor, furin, and integrins in damaged corneas or IFNγ-stimulated HCEC. There was also a concomitant decrease in the binding of Spike RBD with the lipid treatments. Using RNA-seq analysis, we uncovered that the lipid mediators also attenuated the expression of pro-inflammatoy cytokines participating in hyper-inflammation and senescence programming. Thus, the bioactivity of these lipid mediators will contribute to open therapeutic avenues to counteract virus attachment and entrance to the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thang L Pham
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health New Orleans, 2020 Gravier St., Ste. D, New Orleans, LA, 70112-2223, USA
| | - Jiucheng He
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health New Orleans, 2020 Gravier St., Ste. D, New Orleans, LA, 70112-2223, USA
| | - Azucena H Kakazu
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health New Orleans, 2020 Gravier St., Ste. D, New Orleans, LA, 70112-2223, USA
| | - Jorgelina Calandria
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health New Orleans, 2020 Gravier St., Ste. D, New Orleans, LA, 70112-2223, USA
| | - Khanh V Do
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health New Orleans, 2020 Gravier St., Ste. D, New Orleans, LA, 70112-2223, USA
| | - Robert Nshimiyimana
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ting F Lam
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nicos A Petasis
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Haydee E P Bazan
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health New Orleans, 2020 Gravier St., Ste. D, New Orleans, LA, 70112-2223, USA.
| | - Nicolas G Bazan
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health New Orleans, 2020 Gravier St., Ste. D, New Orleans, LA, 70112-2223, USA.
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8
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Stegelmeier AA, Darzianiazizi M, Hanada K, Sharif S, Wootton SK, Bridle BW, Karimi K. Type I Interferon-Mediated Regulation of Antiviral Capabilities of Neutrophils. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4726. [PMID: 33946935 PMCID: PMC8125486 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) are induced by viruses and are the main regulators of the host antiviral response. They balance tissue tolerance and immune resistance against viral challenges. Like all cells in the human body, neutrophils possess the receptors for IFNs and contribute to antiviral host defense. To combat viruses, neutrophils utilize various mechanisms, such as viral sensing, neutrophil extracellular trap formation, and antigen presentation. These mechanisms have also been linked to tissue damage during viral infection and inflammation. In this review, we presented evidence that a complex cross-regulatory talk between IFNs and neutrophils initiates appropriate antiviral immune responses and regulates them to minimize tissue damage. We also explored recent exciting research elucidating the interactions between IFNs, neutrophils, and severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2, as an example of neutrophil and IFN cross-regulatory talk. Dissecting the IFN-neutrophil paradigm is needed for well-balanced antiviral therapeutics and development of novel treatments against many major epidemic or pandemic viral infections, including the ongoing pandemic of the coronavirus disease that emerged in 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Byram W. Bridle
- Correspondence: (B.W.B.); (K.K.); Tel.: +1-(519)-824-4120 (ext. 54657) (B.W.B.); +1-(519)-824-4120 (ext. 54668) (K.K.)
| | - Khalil Karimi
- Correspondence: (B.W.B.); (K.K.); Tel.: +1-(519)-824-4120 (ext. 54657) (B.W.B.); +1-(519)-824-4120 (ext. 54668) (K.K.)
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9
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Pairo-Castineira E, Clohisey S, Klaric L, Bretherick AD, Rawlik K, Pasko D, Walker S, Parkinson N, Fourman MH, Russell CD, Furniss J, Richmond A, Gountouna E, Wrobel N, Harrison D, Wang B, Wu Y, Meynert A, Griffiths F, Oosthuyzen W, Kousathanas A, Moutsianas L, Yang Z, Zhai R, Zheng C, Grimes G, Beale R, Millar J, Shih B, Keating S, Zechner M, Haley C, Porteous DJ, Hayward C, Yang J, Knight J, Summers C, Shankar-Hari M, Klenerman P, Turtle L, Ho A, Moore SC, Hinds C, Horby P, Nichol A, Maslove D, Ling L, McAuley D, Montgomery H, Walsh T, Pereira AC, Renieri A, Shen X, Ponting CP, Fawkes A, Tenesa A, Caulfield M, Scott R, Rowan K, Murphy L, Openshaw PJM, Semple MG, Law A, Vitart V, Wilson JF, Baillie JK. Genetic mechanisms of critical illness in COVID-19. Nature 2021; 591:92-98. [PMID: 33307546 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-03065-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 831] [Impact Index Per Article: 277.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Host-mediated lung inflammation is present1, and drives mortality2, in the critical illness caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Host genetic variants associated with critical illness may identify mechanistic targets for therapeutic development3. Here we report the results of the GenOMICC (Genetics Of Mortality In Critical Care) genome-wide association study in 2,244 critically ill patients with COVID-19 from 208 UK intensive care units. We have identified and replicated the following new genome-wide significant associations: on chromosome 12q24.13 (rs10735079, P = 1.65 × 10-8) in a gene cluster that encodes antiviral restriction enzyme activators (OAS1, OAS2 and OAS3); on chromosome 19p13.2 (rs74956615, P = 2.3 × 10-8) near the gene that encodes tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2); on chromosome 19p13.3 (rs2109069, P = 3.98 × 10-12) within the gene that encodes dipeptidyl peptidase 9 (DPP9); and on chromosome 21q22.1 (rs2236757, P = 4.99 × 10-8) in the interferon receptor gene IFNAR2. We identified potential targets for repurposing of licensed medications: using Mendelian randomization, we found evidence that low expression of IFNAR2, or high expression of TYK2, are associated with life-threatening disease; and transcriptome-wide association in lung tissue revealed that high expression of the monocyte-macrophage chemotactic receptor CCR2 is associated with severe COVID-19. Our results identify robust genetic signals relating to key host antiviral defence mechanisms and mediators of inflammatory organ damage in COVID-19. Both mechanisms may be amenable to targeted treatment with existing drugs. However, large-scale randomized clinical trials will be essential before any change to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erola Pairo-Castineira
- Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sara Clohisey
- Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lucija Klaric
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew D Bretherick
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Konrad Rawlik
- Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | | | - Nick Parkinson
- Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Clark D Russell
- Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - James Furniss
- Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Anne Richmond
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Elvina Gountouna
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nicola Wrobel
- Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David Harrison
- Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Bo Wang
- Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yang Wu
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Alison Meynert
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Zhijian Yang
- Biostatistics Group, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ranran Zhai
- Biostatistics Group, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenqing Zheng
- Biostatistics Group, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Graeme Grimes
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | | | - Barbara Shih
- Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sean Keating
- Intensive Care Unit, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Marie Zechner
- Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Chris Haley
- Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David J Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jian Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Julian Knight
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Manu Shankar-Hari
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Paul Klenerman
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lance Turtle
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit for Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Antonia Ho
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Shona C Moore
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit for Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Charles Hinds
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Peter Horby
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alistair Nichol
- Clinical Research Centre at St Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Intensive Care Unit, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Maslove
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University and Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lowell Ling
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Danny McAuley
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - Hugh Montgomery
- UCL Centre for Human Health and Performance, University College London, London, UK
| | - Timothy Walsh
- Intensive Care Unit, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alexandre C Pereira
- Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Heart Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Renieri
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Xia Shen
- Biostatistics Group, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chris P Ponting
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Angie Fawkes
- Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Albert Tenesa
- Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mark Caulfield
- Genomics England, London, UK
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Richard Scott
- Genomics England, London, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Kathy Rowan
- Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Lee Murphy
- Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peter J M Openshaw
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust London, London, UK
| | - Malcolm G Semple
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit for Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Respiratory Medicine, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Institute in The Park, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Andrew Law
- Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Veronique Vitart
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - James F Wilson
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, Edinburgh, UK
| | - J Kenneth Baillie
- Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
- Intensive Care Unit, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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10
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Singh DK, Singh B, Ganatra SR, Gazi M, Cole J, Thippeshappa R, Alfson KJ, Clemmons E, Gonzalez O, Escobedo R, Lee TH, Chatterjee A, Goez-Gazi Y, Sharan R, Gough M, Alvarez C, Blakley A, Ferdin J, Bartley C, Staples H, Parodi L, Callery J, Mannino A, Klaffke B, Escareno P, Platt RN, Hodara V, Scordo J, Gautam S, Vilanova AG, Olmo-Fontanez A, Schami A, Oyejide A, Ajithdoss DK, Copin R, Baum A, Kyratsous C, Alvarez X, Ahmed M, Rosa B, Goodroe A, Dutton J, Hall-Ursone S, Frost PA, Voges AK, Ross CN, Sayers K, Chen C, Hallam C, Khader SA, Mitreva M, Anderson TJC, Martinez-Sobrido L, Patterson JL, Turner J, Torrelles JB, Dick EJ, Brasky K, Schlesinger LS, Giavedoni LD, Carrion R, Kaushal D. Responses to acute infection with SARS-CoV-2 in the lungs of rhesus macaques, baboons and marmosets. Nat Microbiol 2021; 6:73-86. [PMID: 33340034 PMCID: PMC7890948 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-020-00841-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-human primate models will expedite therapeutics and vaccines for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to clinical trials. Here, we compare acute severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in young and old rhesus macaques, baboons and old marmosets. Macaques had clinical signs of viral infection, mild to moderate pneumonitis and extra-pulmonary pathologies, and both age groups recovered in two weeks. Baboons had prolonged viral RNA shedding and substantially more lung inflammation compared with macaques. Inflammation in bronchoalveolar lavage was increased in old versus young baboons. Using techniques including computed tomography imaging, immunophenotyping, and alveolar/peripheral cytokine response and immunohistochemical analyses, we delineated cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in macaque and baboon lungs, including innate and adaptive immune cells and a prominent type-I interferon response. Macaques developed T-cell memory phenotypes/responses and bystander cytokine production. Old macaques had lower titres of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibody levels compared with young macaques. Acute respiratory distress in macaques and baboons recapitulates the progression of COVID-19 in humans, making them suitable as models to test vaccines and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj Kumar Singh
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Bindu Singh
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shashank R Ganatra
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Michal Gazi
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Journey Cole
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Rajesh Thippeshappa
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth Clemmons
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Olga Gonzalez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ruby Escobedo
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Tae-Hyung Lee
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ayan Chatterjee
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Riti Sharan
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Maya Gough
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Cynthia Alvarez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Alyssa Blakley
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Justin Ferdin
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Carmen Bartley
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Hilary Staples
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Laura Parodi
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jessica Callery
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Amanda Mannino
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Roy N Platt
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Vida Hodara
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Julia Scordo
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shalini Gautam
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Alyssa Schami
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | - Alina Baum
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | - Xavier Alvarez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Mushtaq Ahmed
- Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bruce Rosa
- Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anna Goodroe
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - John Dutton
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shannan Hall-Ursone
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Patrice A Frost
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Andra K Voges
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Veterinary Imaging Consulting of South Texas, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Corinna N Ross
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ken Sayers
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Christopher Chen
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Cory Hallam
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shabaana A Khader
- Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Makedonka Mitreva
- Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | | | | | | | - Joanne Turner
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Kathleen Brasky
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Larry S Schlesinger
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Luis D Giavedoni
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Ricardo Carrion
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Deepak Kaushal
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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11
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Khoury DS, Wheatley AK, Ramuta MD, Reynaldi A, Cromer D, Subbarao K, O'Connor DH, Kent SJ, Davenport MP. Measuring immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection: comparing assays and animal models. Nat Rev Immunol 2020; 20:727-738. [PMID: 33139888 PMCID: PMC7605490 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-020-00471-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The rapid scale-up of research on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spawned a large number of potential vaccines and immunotherapies, accompanied by a commensurately large number of in vitro assays and in vivo models to measure their effectiveness. These assays broadly have the same end-goal - to predict the clinical efficacy of prophylactic and therapeutic interventions in humans. However, the apparent potency of different interventions can vary considerably between assays and animal models, leading to very different predictions of clinical efficacy. Complete harmonization of experimental methods may be intractable at the current pace of research. However, here we analyse a selection of existing assays for measuring antibody-mediated virus neutralization and animal models of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and provide a framework for comparing results between studies and reconciling observed differences in the effects of interventions. Finally, we propose how we might optimize these assays for better comparison of results from in vitro and animal studies to accelerate progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Khoury
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adam K Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mitchell D Ramuta
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Arnold Reynaldi
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Deborah Cromer
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kanta Subbarao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David H O'Connor
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- ARC Centre for Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Miles P Davenport
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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12
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Mary A, Hénaut L, Macq PY, Badoux L, Cappe A, Porée T, Eckes M, Dupont H, Brazier M. Rationale for COVID-19 Treatment by Nebulized Interferon-β-1b-Literature Review and Personal Preliminary Experience. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:592543. [PMID: 33329000 PMCID: PMC7734101 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.592543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory response to COVID-19 is specifically associated with an impaired type I interferon (IFN) response and complete blockade of IFN-β secretion. Clinically, nebulization of IFN-α-2b has been historically used in China to treat viral pneumonia associated with SARS-CoV. Very recent data show that the use of inhaled type I IFN is associated with decreased mortality in Chinese COVID-19 patients. However, IFN nebulization is currently not standard in Europe and the United States. Therefore, our group has set up a project aimed to evaluate the possibility to nebulize IFN-β-1b (a drug currently used in Europe to treat multiple sclerosis via subcutaneous injections) and to assess the safety of this new mode of administration in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. We present here literature data that allowed us to build our hypothesis and to develop collaboration between clinical pharmacists, intensivists and nebulization engineers in order to gain first pre-clinical and clinical experience of IFN-β-1b nebulization. After validation of the nebulization method and verification of droplet size compatible with nebulization, the method has been applied to four intensive care patients treated at our university hospital, for whom none of the COVID-19 therapies initially used in France led to significant clinical improvement. All patients exhibited negative viral carriage and experienced clinical improvement 7-16 days after having initiated nebulized IFN-β-1b inhalation therapy. No side effects were observed. All patients were alive within a 90-days follow-up. Although it is not possible to draw firm conclusions on treatment efficacy based on this case report, our study shows that pulmonary IFN-β-1b administration is feasible, with a good safety profile. This procedure, which presents the advantage of directly targeting the lungs and reducing the risks of systemic side effects, may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for the care of patients with severe COVID-19. However, our preliminary observation requires confirmation by randomized controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Mary
- Clinical Critical Care Pharmacy Department, Amiens-Picardie University Hospital, Amiens, France
- UR UPJV 7517, MP3CV, CURS, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Lucie Hénaut
- UR UPJV 7517, MP3CV, CURS, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Pierre Yves Macq
- Surgical Critical Care Department, Amiens-Picardie University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - Louise Badoux
- Surgical Critical Care Department, Amiens-Picardie University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - Arnaud Cappe
- Clinical Critical Care Pharmacy Department, Amiens-Picardie University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | | | | | - Hervé Dupont
- UR UPJV 7517, MP3CV, CURS, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
- Surgical Critical Care Department, Amiens-Picardie University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - Michel Brazier
- UR UPJV 7517, MP3CV, CURS, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
- Department of Biochemistry, Amiens-Picardie University Hospital, Amiens, France
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