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Duplaquet L, So K, Ying AW, Pal Choudhuri S, Li X, Xu GD, Li Y, Qiu X, Li R, Singh S, Wu XS, Hamilton S, Chien VD, Liu Q, Qi J, Somerville TDD, Heiling HM, Mazzola E, Lee Y, Zoller T, Vakoc CR, Doench JG, Forrester WC, Abrams T, Long HW, Niederst MJ, Drapkin BJ, Kadoch C, Oser MG. Mammalian SWI/SNF complex activity regulates POU2F3 and constitutes a targetable dependency in small cell lung cancer. Cancer Cell 2024; 42:1352-1369.e13. [PMID: 39029464 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2024.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancers (SCLCs) are composed of heterogeneous subtypes marked by lineage-specific transcription factors, including ASCL1, NEUROD1, and POU2F3. POU2F3-positive SCLCs, ∼12% of all cases, are uniquely dependent on POU2F3 itself; as such, approaches to attenuate POU2F3 expression may represent new therapeutic opportunities. Here using genome-scale screens for regulators of POU2F3 expression and SCLC proliferation, we define mSWI/SNF complexes as top dependencies specific to POU2F3-positive SCLC. Notably, chemical disruption of mSWI/SNF ATPase activity attenuates proliferation of all POU2F3-positive SCLCs, while disruption of non-canonical BAF (ncBAF) via BRD9 degradation is effective in pure non-neuroendocrine POU2F3-SCLCs. mSWI/SNF targets to and maintains accessibility over gene loci central to POU2F3-mediated gene regulatory networks. Finally, clinical-grade pharmacologic disruption of SMARCA4/2 ATPases and BRD9 decreases POU2F3-SCLC tumor growth and increases survival in vivo. These results demonstrate mSWI/SNF-mediated governance of the POU2F3 oncogenic program and suggest mSWI/SNF inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for POU2F3-positive SCLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Duplaquet
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kevin So
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Biological and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alexander W Ying
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Shreoshi Pal Choudhuri
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Internal Medicine and Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Xinyue Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Grace D Xu
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yixiang Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Xintao Qiu
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Rong Li
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Shilpa Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Xiaoli S Wu
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, NY 11724, USA
| | - Seth Hamilton
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Internal Medicine and Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Victor D Chien
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Internal Medicine and Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jun Qi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - Hillary M Heiling
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Emanuele Mazzola
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yenarae Lee
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Thomas Zoller
- Novartis BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - John G Doench
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Tinya Abrams
- Novartis BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Henry W Long
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - Benjamin J Drapkin
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Internal Medicine and Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Cigall Kadoch
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
| | - Matthew G Oser
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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2
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Saeki K, Wood IS, Wang WCK, Patil S, Sun Y, Schaeffer DF, Su GH, Kopp JL. Acvr1b Loss Increases Formation of Pancreatic Precancerous Lesions From Acinar and Ductal Cells of Origin. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 18:101387. [PMID: 39111635 PMCID: PMC11404226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.101387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma can develop from precursor lesions, including pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN). Previous studies indicated that loss of Acvr1b accelerates the Kras-mediated development of papillary IPMN in the mouse pancreas; however, the cell type predominantly affected by these genetic changes remains unclear. METHODS We investigated the contribution of cellular origin by inducing IPMN associated mutations (KRASG12D expression and Acvr1b loss) specifically in acinar (Ptf1aCreER;KrasLSL-G12D;Acvr1bfl/fl mice) or ductal (Sox9CreER;KrasLSL-G12D;Acvr1bfl/fl mice) cells in mice. We then performed magnetic resonance imaging and a thorough histopathologic analysis of their pancreatic tissues. RESULTS The loss of Acvr1b increased the development of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and IPMN-like lesions when either acinar or ductal cells expressed a Kras mutation. Magnetic resonance imaging, immunohistochemistry, and histology revealed large IPMN-like lesions in these mice that exhibited features of flat, gastric epithelium. In addition, cyst formation in both mouse models was accompanied by chronic pancreatitis. Experimental acute pancreatitis accelerated the development of large mucinous cysts and pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia when acinar, but not ductal, cells expressed mutant Kras and lost Acvr1b. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that loss of Acvr1b in the presence of the Kras oncogene promotes the development of large and small precancerous lesions from both ductal and acinar cells. However, the IPMN-like phenotype was not equivalent to that observed when these mutations were made in all pancreatic cells during development. Our study underscores the significance of the cellular context in the initiation and progression of precursor lesions from exocrine cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Saeki
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Ian S Wood
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Wei Chuan Kevin Wang
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Shilpa Patil
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Yanping Sun
- Oncology Precision Therapeutics and Imaging Core (OPTIC), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - David F Schaeffer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Gloria H Su
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Janel L Kopp
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
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Kontomanolis EN, Symeonidis P, Nikolettos K, Perros P, Rody A, Tsikouras P, Nikolettos N, Giatromanolaki A. ARID1 and BRG1 Expression in Endometrial Cancer. In Vivo 2024; 38:1260-1265. [PMID: 38688602 PMCID: PMC11059895 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.13563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Endometrial cancer (EC) is the predominant malignancy among gynecologic cancers and ranks fourth among all types of cancer. Recently, researchers have focused on the development of new prognostic biomarkers. Subunits of the SWI/SNF protein complex, like the ARID1 and BRG1, have been associated with the development of endometrial cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate the expression patterns of ARID1A and BRG1 in a collection of endometrioid adenocarcinomas of the uterus using immunohistochemistry. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study comprised a total of thirty-three individuals diagnosed with stage I endometrioid endometrial cancer, treated with radical hysterectomy. The histological material was then examined to assess the cytoplasmic and nuclear expression of the proteins. RESULTS ARID1A exhibited expression in both the cytoplasm and nucleus of cancer cells, whereas BRG1 was mainly expressed in the nuclei. In addition, ARID1A exhibited a notable decrease in expression in grade 3 histology, with no significant correlation with the depth of myometrial invasion. The reduced expression was highly related to tumor expansion into the endocervix. The findings demonstrated a total absence of ARID1A expression in 27% of endometrioid carcinomas, with a significant reduction in expression in an additional 51% of cancer cells. These findings align with the most recent published data. In contrast, in the current study, BRG1 was rarely down-regulated and was extensively expressed in the majority of endometrioid carcinomas, preventing the possibility of statistical analysis. CONCLUSION In summary, ARID1A expression loss can be used as a biomarker to guide post-operative therapy; however, further investigation is needed, especially for early-stage endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel N Kontomanolis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece;
| | - Panagiotis Symeonidis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Nikolettos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Paraskevas Perros
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens 'ALEXANDRA', Athens, Greece;
| | - Achim Rody
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Panagiotis Tsikouras
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Nikolettos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
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He T, Cheng C, Qiao Y, Cho H, Young E, Mannan R, Mahapatra S, Miner SJ, Zheng Y, Kim N, Zeng VZ, Wisniewski JP, Hou S, Jackson B, Cao X, Su F, Wang R, Chang Y, Kuila B, Mukherjee S, Dukare S, Aithal KB, D.S. S, Abbineni C, Vaishampayan U, Lyssiotis CA, Parolia A, Xiao L, Chinnaiyan AM. Development of an orally bioavailable mSWI/SNF ATPase degrader and acquired mechanisms of resistance in prostate cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2322563121. [PMID: 38557192 PMCID: PMC11009648 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2322563121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Mammalian switch/sucrose nonfermentable (mSWI/SNF) ATPase degraders have been shown to be effective in enhancer-driven cancers by functioning to impede oncogenic transcription factor chromatin accessibility. Here, we developed AU-24118, an orally bioavailable proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) degrader of mSWI/SNF ATPases (SMARCA2 and SMARCA4) and PBRM1. AU-24118 demonstrated tumor regression in a model of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) which was further enhanced with combination enzalutamide treatment, a standard of care androgen receptor (AR) antagonist used in CRPC patients. Importantly, AU-24118 exhibited favorable pharmacokinetic profiles in preclinical analyses in mice and rats, and further toxicity testing in mice showed a favorable safety profile. As acquired resistance is common with targeted cancer therapeutics, experiments were designed to explore potential mechanisms of resistance that may arise with long-term mSWI/SNF ATPase PROTAC treatment. Prostate cancer cell lines exposed to long-term treatment with high doses of a mSWI/SNF ATPase degrader developed SMARCA4 bromodomain mutations and ABCB1 (ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1) overexpression as acquired mechanisms of resistance. Intriguingly, while SMARCA4 mutations provided specific resistance to mSWI/SNF degraders, ABCB1 overexpression provided broader resistance to other potent PROTAC degraders targeting bromodomain-containing protein 4 and AR. The ABCB1 inhibitor, zosuquidar, reversed resistance to all three PROTAC degraders tested. Combined, these findings position mSWI/SNF degraders for clinical translation for patients with enhancer-driven cancers and define strategies to overcome resistance mechanisms that may arise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongchen He
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, China
| | - Caleb Cheng
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Yuanyuan Qiao
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Hanbyul Cho
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Eleanor Young
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Rahul Mannan
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Somnath Mahapatra
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Stephanie J. Miner
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Yang Zheng
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - NamHoon Kim
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Victoria Z. Zeng
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Jasmine P. Wisniewski
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Siyu Hou
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Bailey Jackson
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Xuhong Cao
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- HHMI, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Fengyun Su
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Rui Wang
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Yu Chang
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Bilash Kuila
- Aurigene Oncology Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka560100, India
| | | | - Sandeep Dukare
- Aurigene Oncology Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka560100, India
| | - Kiran B. Aithal
- Aurigene Oncology Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka560100, India
| | - Samiulla D.S.
- Aurigene Oncology Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka560100, India
| | | | - Ulka Vaishampayan
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Costas A. Lyssiotis
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Abhijit Parolia
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Lanbo Xiao
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Arul M. Chinnaiyan
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- HHMI, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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5
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He T, Cheng C, Qiao Y, Cho H, Young E, Mannan R, Mahapatra S, Miner SJ, Zheng Y, Kim N, Zeng VZ, Wisniewski JP, Hou S, Jackson B, Cao X, Su F, Wang R, Chang Y, Kuila B, Mukherjee S, Dukare S, Aithal KB, D.S. S, Abbineni C, Lyssiotis CA, Parolia A, Xiao L, Chinnaiyan AM. Development of an orally bioavailable mSWI/SNF ATPase degrader and acquired mechanisms of resistance in prostate cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.29.582768. [PMID: 38464081 PMCID: PMC10925251 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.29.582768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Mammalian switch/sucrose non-fermentable (mSWI/SNF) ATPase degraders have been shown to be effective in enhancer-driven cancers by functioning to impede oncogenic transcription factor chromatin accessibility. Here, we developed AU-24118, a first-in-class, orally bioavailable proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) degrader of mSWI/SNF ATPases (SMARCA2 and SMARCA4) and PBRM1. AU-24118 demonstrated tumor regression in a model of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) which was further enhanced with combination enzalutamide treatment, a standard of care androgen receptor (AR) antagonist used in CRPC patients. Importantly, AU-24118 exhibited favorable pharmacokinetic profiles in preclinical analyses in mice and rats, and further toxicity testing in mice showed a favorable safety profile. As acquired resistance is common with targeted cancer therapeutics, experiments were designed to explore potential mechanisms of resistance that may arise with long-term mSWI/SNF ATPase PROTAC treatment. Prostate cancer cell lines exposed to long-term treatment with high doses of a mSWI/SNF ATPase degrader developed SMARCA4 bromodomain mutations and ABCB1 overexpression as acquired mechanisms of resistance. Intriguingly, while SMARCA4 mutations provided specific resistance to mSWI/SNF degraders, ABCB1 overexpression provided broader resistance to other potent PROTAC degraders targeting bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) and AR. The ABCB1 inhibitor, zosuquidar, reversed resistance to all three PROTAC degraders tested. Combined, these findings position mSWI/SNF degraders for clinical translation for patients with enhancer-driven cancers and define strategies to overcome resistance mechanisms that may arise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongchen He
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Caleb Cheng
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Yuanyuan Qiao
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hanbyul Cho
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eleanor Young
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rahul Mannan
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Somnath Mahapatra
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Stephanie J. Miner
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yang Zheng
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - NamHoon Kim
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Victoria Z. Zeng
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jasmine P. Wisniewski
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Siyu Hou
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Bailey Jackson
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xuhong Cao
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Fengyun Su
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rui Wang
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yu Chang
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Costas A. Lyssiotis
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Abhijit Parolia
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lanbo Xiao
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Arul M. Chinnaiyan
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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6
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Zheng C, Wang J, Wang J, Zhang Q, Liang T. Cell of Origin of Pancreatic cancer: Novel Findings and Current Understanding. Pancreas 2024; 53:e288-e297. [PMID: 38277420 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000002301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) stands as one of the most lethal diseases globally, boasting a grim 5-year survival prognosis. The origin cell and the molecular signaling pathways that drive PDAC progression are not entirely understood. This review comprehensively outlines the categorization of PDAC and its precursor lesions, expounds on the creation and utility of genetically engineered mouse models used in PDAC research, compiles a roster of commonly used markers for pancreatic progenitors, duct cells, and acinar cells, and briefly addresses the mechanisms involved in the progression of PDAC. We acknowledge the value of precise markers and suitable tracing tools to discern the cell of origin, as it can facilitate the creation of more effective models for PDAC exploration. These conclusions shed light on our existing understanding of foundational genetically engineered mouse models and focus on the origin and development of PDAC.
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7
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Duplaquet L, So K, Ying AW, Li X, Li Y, Qiu X, Li R, Singh S, Wu XS, Liu Q, Qi J, Somerville TDD, Heiling H, Mazzola E, Lee Y, Zoller T, Vakoc CR, Doench JG, Forrester WC, Abrams T, Long HW, Niederst MJ, Kadoch C, Oser MG. Mammalian SWI/SNF complex activity regulates POU2F3 and constitutes a targetable dependency in small cell lung cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.21.576304. [PMID: 38328215 PMCID: PMC10849479 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.21.576304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancers (SCLC) are comprised of heterogeneous subtypes marked by lineage-specific transcription factors, including ASCL1, NEUROD1, and POU2F3. POU2F3-positive SCLC, ∼12% of all cases, are uniquely dependent on POU2F3 itself; as such, approaches to attenuate POU2F3 expression may represent new therapeutic opportunities. Here using genome-scale screens for regulators of POU2F3 expression and SCLC proliferation, we define mSWI/SNF complexes, including non-canonical BAF (ncBAF) complexes, as top dependencies specific to POU2F3-positive SCLC. Notably, clinical-grade pharmacologic mSWI/SNF inhibition attenuates proliferation of all POU2F3-positive SCLCs, while disruption of ncBAF via BRD9 degradation is uniquely effective in pure non-neuroendocrine POU2F3-SCLCs. mSWI/SNF maintains accessibility over gene loci central to POU2F3-mediated gene regulatory networks. Finally, chemical targeting of SMARCA4/2 mSWI/SNF ATPases and BRD9 decrease POU2F3-SCLC tumor growth and increase survival in vivo . Taken together, these results characterize mSWI/SNF-mediated global governance of the POU2F3 oncogenic program and suggest mSWI/SNF inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for SCLC.
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8
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GAO L, XIE Z, LIN S, LV Z, ZHOU W, CHEN J, ZHU L, ZHANG L, ZENG P, HUANG X, YAN W, CHEN Y, LU D, ZHANG S, GUO W, LI P, ZHANG X. [SWI/SNF Complex Gene Mutations Promote the Liver Metastasis
of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cells in NSI Mice]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2023; 26:753-764. [PMID: 37989338 PMCID: PMC10663775 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2023.102.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The switch/sucrose nonfermentable chromatin-remodeling (SWI/SNF) complex is a pivotal chromatin remodeling complex, and the genomic alterations (GAs) of the SWI/SNF complex are observed in several cancer types, correlating with multiple biological features of tumor cells. However, their role in liver metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. Our study aims to investigate the role and potential mechanisms underlying NSCLC liver metastasis induced by the GAs of SWI/SNF complex. METHODS The GAs of SWI/SNF complex in NSCLC cell lines (H1299, H23 and H460) were identified by whole-exome sequencing (WES). ARID1A knockout H1299 cell was constructed with the CRISPR/Cas9 technology. The mouse model of liver metastasis from NSCLC was established to simulate lung cancer liver metastasis and observe the metastasis rate under different gene mutation conditions. RNA sequencing and Western blot were conducted for differential gene expression analysis. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis was used to assess protein expression levels of SWI/SNF-regulated target molecules in mouse liver metastases. RESULTS WES analysis revealed intracellular gene mutations. The animal experiments demonstrated a correlation between the GAs of SWI/SNF complex and a higher liver metastasis rate in immunodeficient mice. Transcriptome sequencing and Western blot analysis showed upregulated expression of ALDH1A1 and APOBEC3B in SWI/SNF-mut cells, particularly in ARID1A-deficient H460 and H1299 sgARID1A cells. IHC staining of mouse liver metastases further demonstrated elevated expression of ALDH1A1 in the H460 and H1299 sgARID1A group. CONCLUSIONS This study underscores the critical role of the GAs of SWI/SNF complex, such as ARID1A and SMARCA4, in promoting liver metastasis of lung cancer cells. The GAs of SWI/SNF complex may promote liver-specific metastasis by upregulating ALDH1A1 and APOBEC3B expression, providing novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying lung cancer liver metastasis.
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9
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de Miguel FJ, Gentile C, Feng WW, Silva SJ, Sankar A, Exposito F, Cai WL, Melnick MA, Robles-Oteiza C, Hinkley MM, Tsai JA, Hartley AV, Wei J, Wurtz A, Li F, Toki MI, Rimm DL, Homer R, Wilen CB, Xiao AZ, Qi J, Yan Q, Nguyen DX, Jänne PA, Kadoch C, Politi KA. Mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes promote tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in EGFR-mutant lung cancer. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:1516-1534.e9. [PMID: 37541244 PMCID: PMC10957226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Acquired resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), such as osimertinib used to treat EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinomas, limits long-term efficacy and is frequently caused by non-genetic mechanisms. Here, we define the chromatin accessibility and gene regulatory signatures of osimertinib sensitive and resistant EGFR-mutant cell and patient-derived models and uncover a role for mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes in TKI resistance. By profiling mSWI/SNF genome-wide localization, we identify both shared and cancer cell line-specific gene targets underlying the resistant state. Importantly, genetic and pharmacologic disruption of the SMARCA4/SMARCA2 mSWI/SNF ATPases re-sensitizes a subset of resistant models to osimertinib via inhibition of mSWI/SNF-mediated regulation of cellular programs governing cell proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, epithelial cell differentiation, and NRF2 signaling. These data highlight the role of mSWI/SNF complexes in supporting TKI resistance and suggest potential utility of mSWI/SNF inhibitors in TKI-resistant lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia Gentile
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - William W Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shannon J Silva
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Akshay Sankar
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Wesley L Cai
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | | | - Camila Robles-Oteiza
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Madeline M Hinkley
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jeanelle A Tsai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Antja-Voy Hartley
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jin Wei
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Anna Wurtz
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Fangyong Li
- Yale Center for Analytical Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Public Health, 60 College St, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Maria I Toki
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - David L Rimm
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Medicine (Section of Medical Oncology), Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Robert Homer
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Craig B Wilen
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Andrew Z Xiao
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Jun Qi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qin Yan
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Don X Nguyen
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Medicine (Section of Medical Oncology), Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Pasi A Jänne
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cigall Kadoch
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
| | - Katerina A Politi
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Medicine (Section of Medical Oncology), Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
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10
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Galindo-Vega A, Maldonado-Lagunas V, Mitre-Aguilar IB, Melendez-Zajgla J. Tumor Microenvironment Role in Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cells. Cells 2023; 12:1560. [PMID: 37371030 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal malignancy with a majority of patients presenting with unresectable or metastatic disease, resulting in a poor 5-year survival rate. This, in turn, is due to a highly complex tumor microenvironment and the presence of cancer stem cells, both of which induce therapy resistance and tumor relapse. Therefore, understanding and targeting the tumor microenvironment and cancer stem cells may be key strategies for designing effective PDAC therapies. In the present review, we summarized recent advances in the role of tumor microenvironment in pancreatic neoplastic progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Galindo-Vega
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City 04710, Mexico
| | | | - Irma B Mitre-Aguilar
- Biochemistry Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Jorge Melendez-Zajgla
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City 04710, Mexico
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11
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Reddy D, Bhattacharya S, Workman JL. (mis)-Targeting of SWI/SNF complex(es) in cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:455-470. [PMID: 37093326 PMCID: PMC10349013 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10102-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
The ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complex SWI/SNF (also called BAF) is critical for the regulation of gene expression. During the evolution from yeast to mammals, the BAF complex has evolved an enormous complexity that contains a high number of subunits encoded by various genes. Emerging studies highlight the frequent involvement of altered mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complexes in human cancers. Here, we discuss the recent advances in determining the structure of SWI/SNF complexes, highlight the mechanisms by which mutations affecting these complexes promote cancer, and describe the promising emerging opportunities for targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Reddy
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, 64110, USA
| | | | - Jerry L Workman
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, 64110, USA.
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12
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Araki O, Tsuda M, Omatsu M, Namikawa M, Sono M, Fukunaga Y, Masuda T, Yoshikawa T, Nagao M, Ogawa S, Masuo K, Goto N, Muta Y, Hiramatsu Y, Maruno T, Nakanishi Y, Koyasu S, Masui T, Hatano E, Saur D, Fukuda A, Seno H. Brg1 controls stemness and metastasis of pancreatic cancer through regulating hypoxia pathway. Oncogene 2023:10.1038/s41388-023-02716-4. [PMID: 37198398 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02716-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating disease. We previously reported that chromatin remodeler Brg1 is essential for acinar cell-derived PDAC formation in mice. However, the functional role of Brg1 in established PDAC and its metastasis remains unknown. Here, we investigated the importance of Brg1 for established PDAC by using a mouse model with a dual recombinase system. We discovered that Brg1 was a critical player for the cell survival and growth of spontaneously developed PDAC in mice. In addition, Brg1 was essential for metastasis of PDAC cells by inhibiting apoptosis in splenic injection and peritoneal dissemination models. Moreover, cancer stem-like property was compromised in PDAC cells by Brg1 ablation. Mechanistically, the hypoxia pathway was downregulated in Brg1-deleted mouse PDAC and BRG1-low human PDAC. Brg1 was essential for HIF-1α to bind to its target genes to augment the hypoxia pathway, which was important for PDAC cells to maintain their stem-like properties and to metastasize to the liver. Human PDAC cells with high BRG1 expression were more susceptible to BRG1 suppression. In conclusion, Brg1 plays a critical role for cell survival, stem-like property and metastasis of PDAC through the regulation of hypoxia pathway, and thus could be a novel therapeutic target for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Araki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Tsuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mayuki Omatsu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mio Namikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Sono
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuichi Fukunaga
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomonori Masuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takaaki Yoshikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Munemasa Nagao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ogawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Masuo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Norihiro Goto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yu Muta
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yukiko Hiramatsu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahisa Maruno
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Nakanishi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sho Koyasu
- Departments of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Masui
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Etsuro Hatano
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Dieter Saur
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Akihisa Fukuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Seno
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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13
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Pan M, Jiang C, Zhang Z, Achacoso N, Solorzano-Pinto AV, Tse P, Chung E, Suga JM, Thomas S, Habel LA. Sex- and Co-Mutation-Dependent Prognosis in Patients with SMARCA4-Mutated Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2665. [PMID: 37345003 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether sex and co-mutations impact prognosis of patients with SMARCA4-mutated (mutSMARCA4) malignancies is not clear. METHODS This cohort included patients from Northern California Kaiser Permanente with next-generation sequencing (NGS) performed from August 2020 to October 2022. We used Cox regression modeling to examine the association between sex and overall survival (OS), adjusting for demographics, performance status, Charlson comorbidity index, receipt of treatment, tumor mutation burden (TMB), and TP53, KRAS, CDKN2A, STK11, and Keap1 co-mutations. RESULTS Out of 9221 cases with NGS performed, 125 cases (1.4%) had a mutSMARCA4. The most common malignancies with a mutSMARCA4 were non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC, 35.2%), esophageal and stomach adenocarcinoma (12.8%), and cancer of unknown primary (11.2%). The most common co-mutations were p53 (mutp53, 59.2%), KRAS (mutKRAS, 28.8%), CDKN2A (mutCDKN2A, 31.2%), STK11 (mutSTK11, 12.8%), and Keap1 (mutKeap1, 8.8%) mutations. Male patients had substantially worse OS than female patients both among the entire mutSMARCA4 cohort (HR = 1.71, [95% CI 0.92-3.18]) with a median OS of 3.0 versus 43.3 months (p < 0.001), and among the NSCLC subgroup (HR = 14.2, [95% CI 2.76-73.4]) with a median OS of 2.75 months versus un-estimable (p = 0.02). Among all patients with mutSMARCA4, mutp53 versus wtp53 (HR = 2.12, [95% CI 1.04-4.29]) and mutSTK11 versus wtSTK11 (HR = 2.59, [95% CI 0.87-7.73]) were associated with worse OS. Among the NSCLC subgroup, mutp53 versus wtp53 (HR = 0.35, [0.06-1.97]) and mutKRAS versus wtKRAS (HR = 0.04, [0.003-.45]) were associated with better OS, while mutCDKN2A versus wtCDKN2A (HR = 5.04, [1.12-22.32]), mutSTK11 versus wtSTK11 (HR = 13.10, [95% CI 1.16-148.26]), and mutKeap1 versus wtKeap1 (HR = 5.06, [95% CI 0.89-26.61}) were associated with worse OS. CONCLUSION In our cohort of patients with mutSMARCA4, males had substantially worse prognosis than females, while mutTP53, mutKRAS, mutCDKN2A, mutSTK11 and mutKeap1were differentially associated with prognosis among all patients and among the NSCLC subgroup. Our results, if confirmed, could suggest potentially unidentified mechanisms that underly this sex and co-mutation-dependent prognostic disparity among patients whose tumor bears a mutSMARCA4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minggui Pan
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Clara, CA 94051, USA
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
- Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Chen Jiang
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
| | - Zheyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, and National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ninah Achacoso
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
| | | | - Pam Tse
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
| | - Elaine Chung
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
| | - Jennifer Marie Suga
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Kaiser Permanente, Vallejo, CA 94589, USA
| | - Sachdev Thomas
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Kaiser Permanente, Vallejo, CA 94589, USA
| | - Laurel A Habel
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
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14
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Jolly AJ, Lu S, Dubner AM, Strand KA, Mutryn MF, Pilotti-Riley A, Danis EP, Nemenoff RA, Moulton KS, Majesky MW, Weiser-Evans MC. Redistribution of the chromatin remodeler Brg1 directs smooth muscle-derived adventitial progenitor-to-myofibroblast differentiation and vascular fibrosis. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e164862. [PMID: 36976650 PMCID: PMC10243795 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.164862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle-derived Sca1+ adventitial progenitor (AdvSca1-SM) cells are tissue-resident, multipotent stem cells that contribute to progression of vascular remodeling and fibrosis. Upon acute vascular injury, AdvSca1-SM cells differentiate into myofibroblasts and are embedded in perivascular collagen and the extracellular matrix. While the phenotypic properties of AdvSca1-SM-derived myofibroblasts have been defined, the underlying epigenetic regulators driving the AdvSca1-SM-to-myofibroblast transition are unclear. We show that the chromatin remodeler Smarca4/Brg1 facilitates AdvSca1-SM myofibroblast differentiation. Brg1 mRNA and protein were upregulated in AdvSca1-SM cells after acute vascular injury, and pharmacological inhibition of Brg1 by the small molecule PFI-3 attenuated perivascular fibrosis and adventitial expansion. TGF-β1 stimulation of AdvSca1-SM cells in vitro reduced expression of stemness genes while inducing expression of myofibroblast genes that was associated with enhanced contractility; PFI blocked TGF-β1-induced phenotypic transition. Similarly, genetic knockdown of Brg1 in vivo reduced adventitial remodeling and fibrosis and reversed AdvSca1-SM-to-myofibroblast transition in vitro. Mechanistically, TGF-β1 promoted redistribution of Brg1 from distal intergenic sites of stemness genes and recruitment to promoter regions of myofibroblast-related genes, which was blocked by PFI-3. These data provide insight into epigenetic regulation of resident vascular progenitor cell differentiation and support that manipulating the AdvSca1-SM phenotype will provide antifibrotic clinical benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin J. Jolly
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
- Medical Scientist Training Program
| | - Sizhao Lu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
- School of Medicine, Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation
| | | | - Keith A. Strand
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
| | - Marie F. Mutryn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
| | | | | | - Raphael A. Nemenoff
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
- School of Medicine, Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Program, and
| | - Karen S. Moulton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Mark W. Majesky
- Center for Developmental Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Mary C.M. Weiser-Evans
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
- School of Medicine, Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Program, and
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15
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Halbrook CJ, Lyssiotis CA, Pasca di Magliano M, Maitra A. Pancreatic cancer: Advances and challenges. Cell 2023; 186:1729-1754. [PMID: 37059070 PMCID: PMC10182830 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 277] [Impact Index Per Article: 277.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the deadliest cancers. Significant efforts have largely defined major genetic factors driving PDAC pathogenesis and progression. Pancreatic tumors are characterized by a complex microenvironment that orchestrates metabolic alterations and supports a milieu of interactions among various cell types within this niche. In this review, we highlight the foundational studies that have driven our understanding of these processes. We further discuss the recent technological advances that continue to expand our understanding of PDAC complexity. We posit that the clinical translation of these research endeavors will enhance the currently dismal survival rate of this recalcitrant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Halbrook
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868, USA.
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Marina Pasca di Magliano
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Anirban Maitra
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Sheikh Ahmed Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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MiR-199a-5p-Regulated SMARCA4 Promotes Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054756. [PMID: 36902184 PMCID: PMC10003091 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a, member 4 (SMARCA4, also known as BRG1), an ATPase subunit of the switch/sucrose non-fermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling complex, plays an important regulatory role in many cytogenetic and cytological processes during cancer development. However, the biological function and mechanism of SMARCA4 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the role of SMARCA4 in OSCC and its potential mechanism. Using a tissue microarray, SMARCA4 expression was found to be highly upregulated in OSCC tissues. In addition, SMARCA4 upregulate expression led to increased migration and invasion of OSCC cells in vitro, as well as tumor growth and invasion in vivo. These events were associated with the promotion of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Bioinformatic analysis and luciferase reporter assay confirmed that SMARCA4 is a target gene of microRNA miR-199a-5p. Further mechanistic studies showed that the miR-199a-5p regulated SMARCA4 can promote the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells through EMT. These findings indicate that the miR-199a-5p- SMARCA4 axis plays a role in tumorigenesis by promoting OSCC cell invasion and metastasis through EMT regulation. Our findings provide insights into the role of SMARCA4 in OSCC and the mechanism involved, which may have important implications for therapeutic purposes.
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17
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Zhang Z, Wang X, Hamdan FH, Likhobabina A, Patil S, Aperdannier L, Sen M, Traub J, Neesse A, Fischer A, Papantonis A, Singh SK, Ellenrieder V, Johnsen SA, Hessmann E. NFATc1 Is a Central Mediator of EGFR-Induced ARID1A Chromatin Dissociation During Acinar Cell Reprogramming. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 15:1219-1246. [PMID: 36758798 PMCID: PMC10064440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Loss of AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A (ARID1A) fosters acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM) and pancreatic carcinogenesis by down-regulating transcription programs controlling acinar cell identity. However, how ARID1A reacts to metaplasia-triggering environmental cues remains elusive. Here, we aimed to elucidate the role of ARID1A in controlling ductal pancreatic gene signatures and deciphering hierarchical signaling cues determining ARID1A-dependent chromatin regulation during acinar cell reprogramming. METHODS Acinar cell explants with differential ARID1A status were subjected to genome-wide expression analyses. The impact of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling, NFATc1 activity, and ARID1A status on acinar reprogramming processes were characterized by ex vivo ADM assays and transgenic mouse models. EGFR-dependent ARID1A chromatin binding was studied by chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing analysis and cellular fractionation. RESULTS EGFR signaling interferes with ARID1A-dependent transcription by inducing genome-wide ARID1A displacement, thereby phenocopying ARID1A loss-of-function mutations and inducing a shift toward ADM permissive ductal transcription programs. Moreover, we show that EGFR signaling is required to push ARID1A-deficient acinar cells toward a metaplastic phenotype. Mechanistically, we identified the transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1) as the central regulatory hub mediating both EGFR signaling-induced genomic ARID1A displacement and the induction of ADM-promoting gene signatures in the absence of ARID1A. Consequently, pharmacologic inhibition of NFATc1 or its depletion in transgenic mice not only preserves genome-wide ARID1A occupancy, but also attenuates acinar metaplasia led by ARID1A loss. CONCLUSIONS Our data describe an intimate relationship between environmental signaling and chromatin remodeling in orchestrating cell fate decisions in the pancreas, and illustrate how ARID1A loss influences transcriptional regulation in acinar cell reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Feda H Hamdan
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Gene Regulatory Mechanisms and Molecular Epigenetics Laboratory, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Anna Likhobabina
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Shilpa Patil
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lena Aperdannier
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Madhobi Sen
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jacobe Traub
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Albrecht Neesse
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Clinical Research Unit 5002, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - André Fischer
- Department for Systems Medicine and Epigenetics, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Argyris Papantonis
- Clinical Research Unit 5002, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Shiv K Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Clinical Research Unit 5002, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Volker Ellenrieder
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Clinical Research Unit 5002, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Lower Saxony, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Steven A Johnsen
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Gene Regulatory Mechanisms and Molecular Epigenetics Laboratory, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Robert Bosch Center for Tumor Diseases, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Hessmann
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Clinical Research Unit 5002, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Lower Saxony, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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18
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BRG1: Promoter or Suppressor of Cancer? The Outcome of BRG1's Interaction with Specific Cellular Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032869. [PMID: 36769189 PMCID: PMC9917617 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BRG1 is one of two catalytic subunits of the SWI/SNF ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complex. In cancer, it has been hypothesized that BRG1 acts as a tumor suppressor. Further study has shown that, under certain circumstances, BRG1 acts as an oncogene. Targeted knockout of BRG1 has proven successful in most cancers in suppressing tumor growth and proliferation. Furthermore, BRG1 effects cancer proliferation in oncogenic KRAS mutated cancers, with varying directionality. Thus, dissecting BRG1's interaction with various cellular pathways can highlight possible intermediates that can facilitate the design of different treatment methods, including BRG1 inhibition. Autophagy and apoptosis are two important cellular responses to stress. BRG1 plays a direct role in autophagy and apoptosis and likely promotes autophagy and suppresses apoptosis, supporting unfettered cancer growth. PRMT5 inhibits transcription by interacting with ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes, such as SWI/SNF. When PRMT5 associates with the SWI/SNF complex, including BRG1, it represses tumor suppressor genes. The Ras/Raf/MAPK/ERK1/2 pathway in cancers is a signal transduction pathway involved in the transcription of genes related to cancer survival. BRG1 has been shown to effect KRAS-driven cancer growth. BRG1 associates with several proteins within the signal transduction pathway. In this review, we analyze BRG1 as a promising target for cancer inhibition and possible synergy with other cancer treatments.
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19
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Ferguson LP, Gatchalian J, McDermott ML, Nakamura M, Chambers K, Rajbhandari N, Lytle NK, Rosenthal SB, Hamilton M, Albini S, Wartenberg M, Zlobec I, Galván JA, Karamitopoulou E, Vavinskaya V, Wascher A, Lowy AM, Schürch CM, Puri PL, Bruneau BG, Hargreaves DC, Reya T. Smarcd3 is an epigenetic modulator of the metabolic landscape in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Nat Commun 2023; 14:292. [PMID: 36653361 PMCID: PMC9849267 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35796-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is characterized by extensive resistance to conventional therapies, making clinical management a challenge. Here we map the epigenetic dependencies of cancer stem cells, cells that preferentially evade therapy and drive progression, and identify SWI/SNF complex member SMARCD3 as a regulator of pancreatic cancer cells. Although SWI/SNF subunits often act as tumor suppressors, we show that SMARCD3 is amplified in cancer, enriched in pancreatic cancer stem cells and upregulated in the human disease. Diverse genetic mouse models of pancreatic cancer and stage-specific Smarcd3 deletion reveal that Smarcd3 loss preferentially impacts established tumors, improving survival especially in context of chemotherapy. Mechanistically, SMARCD3 acts with FOXA1 to control lipid and fatty acid metabolism, programs associated with therapy resistance and poor prognosis in cancer. These data identify SMARCD3 as an epigenetic modulator responsible for establishing the metabolic landscape in aggressive pancreatic cancer cells and a potential target for new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Paige Ferguson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Matthew L McDermott
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mari Nakamura
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kendall Chambers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nirakar Rajbhandari
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nikki K Lytle
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sara Brin Rosenthal
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael Hamilton
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sonia Albini
- Genethon, 91000, EVRY, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Univ Evry, Inserm, Genethon, Integrare research unit UMR_S951, 91000, Evry, France
| | - Martin Wartenberg
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 31, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Inti Zlobec
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 31, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
| | - José A Galván
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 31, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eva Karamitopoulou
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 31, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vera Vavinskaya
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alexis Wascher
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrew M Lowy
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christian M Schürch
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Pier Lorenzo Puri
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Benoit G Bruneau
- Gladstone Institutes, Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Tannishtha Reya
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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20
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Gambella A, Kalantari S, Cadamuro M, Quaglia M, Delvecchio M, Fabris L, Pinon M. The Landscape of HNF1B Deficiency: A Syndrome Not Yet Fully Explored. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020307. [PMID: 36672242 PMCID: PMC9856658 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The hepatocyte nuclear factor 1β (HNF1B) gene is involved in the development of specialized epithelia of several organs during the early and late phases of embryogenesis, performing its function mainly by regulating the cell cycle and apoptosis pathways. The first pathogenic variant of HNF1B (namely, R177X) was reported in 1997 and is associated with the maturity-onset diabetes of the young. Since then, more than 230 different HNF1B variants have been reported, revealing a multifaceted syndrome with complex and heterogenous genetic, pathologic, and clinical profiles, mainly affecting the pediatric population. The pancreas and kidneys are the most frequently affected organs, resulting in diabetes, renal cysts, and a decrease in renal function, leading, in 2001, to the definition of HNF1B deficiency syndrome, including renal cysts and diabetes. However, several other organs and systems have since emerged as being affected by HNF1B defect, while diabetes and renal cysts are not always present. Especially, liver involvement has generally been overlooked but recently emerged as particularly relevant (mostly showing chronically elevated liver enzymes) and with a putative relation with tumor development, thus requiring a more granular analysis. Nowadays, HNF1B-associated disease has been recognized as a clinical entity with a broader and more variable multisystem phenotype, but the reasons for the phenotypic heterogeneity are still poorly understood. In this review, we aimed to describe the multifaceted nature of HNF1B deficiency in the pediatric and adult populations: we analyzed the genetic, phenotypic, and clinical features of this complex and misdiagnosed syndrome, covering the most frequent, unusual, and recently identified traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Gambella
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Division of Liver and Transplant Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Silvia Kalantari
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Marco Quaglia
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Maurizio Delvecchio
- Metabolic Disease and Genetics Unit, Giovanni XXIII Children’s Hospital, AOU Policlinico di Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Luca Fabris
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padua, Italy
- Liver Center, Digestive Disease Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Michele Pinon
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
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21
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Nguyen VT, Tessema M, Weissman BE. The SWI/SNF Complex: A Frequently Mutated Chromatin Remodeling Complex in Cancer. Cancer Treat Res 2023; 190:211-244. [PMID: 38113003 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-45654-1_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The switch/sucrose non-fermenting (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling complex is a global regulator of gene expression known to maintain nucleosome-depleted regions at active enhancers and promoters. The mammalian SWI/SNF protein subunits are encoded by 29 genes and 11-15 subunits including an ATPase domain of either SMARCA4 (BRG1) or SMARCA2 (BRM) are assembled into a complex. Based on the distinct subunits, SWI/SNF are grouped into 3 major types (subfamilies): the canonical BRG1/BRM-associated factor (BAF/cBAF), polybromo-associated BAF (PBAF), and non-canonical BAF (GBAF/ncBAF). Pan-cancer genome sequencing studies have shown that nearly 25% of all cancers bear mutations in subunits of the SWI/SNF complex, many of which are loss of function (LOF) mutations, suggesting a tumor suppressor role. Inactivation of SWI/SNF complex subunits causes widespread epigenetic dysfunction, including increased dependence on antagonistic components such as polycomb repressor complexes (PRC1/2) and altered enhancer regulation, likely promoting an oncogenic state leading to cancer. Despite the prevalence of mutations, most SWI/SNF-mutant cancers lack targeted therapeutic strategies. Defining the dependencies created by LOF mutations in SWI/SNF subunits will identify better targets for these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinh The Nguyen
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mathewos Tessema
- Lung Cancer Program, Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Bernard Ellis Weissman
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
- Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
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22
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Mo Y, Duan S, Zhang X, Hua X, Zhou H, Wei HJ, Watanabe J, McQuillan N, Su Z, Gu W, Wu CC, Vakoc CR, Hashizume R, Chang K, Zhang Z. Epigenome Programming by H3.3K27M Mutation Creates a Dependence of Pediatric Glioma on SMARCA4. Cancer Discov 2022; 12:2906-2929. [PMID: 36305747 PMCID: PMC9722525 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-21-1492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Patients with diffuse midline gliomas that are H3K27 altered (DMG) display a dismal prognosis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying DMG tumorigenesis remain poorly defined. Here we show that SMARCA4, the catalytic subunit of the mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, is essential for the proliferation, migration, and invasion of DMG cells and tumor growth in patient-derived DMG xenograft models. SMARCA4 colocalizes with SOX10 at gene regulatory elements to control the expression of genes involved in cell growth and the extracellular matrix (ECM). Moreover, SMARCA4 chromatin binding is reduced upon depletion of SOX10 or H3.3K27M, a mutation occurring in about 60% DMG tumors. Furthermore, the SMARCA4 occupancy at enhancers marked by both SOX10 and H3K27 acetylation is reduced the most upon depleting the H3.3K27M mutation. Taken together, our results support a model in which epigenome reprogramming by H3.3K27M creates a dependence on SMARCA4-mediated chromatin remodeling to drive gene expression and the pathogenesis of H3.3K27M DMG. SIGNIFICANCE DMG is a deadly pediatric glioma currently without effective treatments. We discovered that the chromatin remodeler SMARCA4 is essential for the proliferation of DMG with H3K27M mutation in vitro and in vivo, identifying a potentially novel therapeutic approach to this disease. See related commentary by Beytagh and Weiss, p. 2730. See related article by Panditharatna et al., p. 2880. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 2711.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Mo
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Shoufu Duan
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Xu Zhang
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Xu Hua
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Hui Zhou
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Hong-Jian Wei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jun Watanabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Nicholas McQuillan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Zhenyi Su
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Wei Gu
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Cheng-Chia Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | | | - Rintaro Hashizume
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Kenneth Chang
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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23
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Zhang FL, Li DQ. Targeting Chromatin-Remodeling Factors in Cancer Cells: Promising Molecules in Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12815. [PMID: 36361605 PMCID: PMC9655648 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes can reorganize and remodel chromatin and thereby act as important regulator in various cellular processes. Based on considerable studies over the past two decades, it has been confirmed that the abnormal function of chromatin remodeling plays a pivotal role in genome reprogramming for oncogenesis in cancer development and/or resistance to cancer therapy. Recently, exciting progress has been made in the identification of genetic alteration in the genes encoding the chromatin-remodeling complexes associated with tumorigenesis, as well as in our understanding of chromatin-remodeling mechanisms in cancer biology. Here, we present preclinical evidence explaining the signaling mechanisms involving the chromatin-remodeling misregulation-induced cancer cellular processes, including DNA damage signaling, metastasis, angiogenesis, immune signaling, etc. However, even though the cumulative evidence in this field provides promising emerging molecules for therapeutic explorations in cancer, more research is needed to assess the clinical roles of these genetic cancer targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Lin Zhang
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Da-Qiang Li
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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24
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Sahoo OS, Pethusamy K, Srivastava TP, Talukdar J, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Dhar R, Karmakar S. The metabolic addiction of cancer stem cells. Front Oncol 2022; 12:955892. [PMID: 35957877 PMCID: PMC9357939 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.955892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSC) are the minor population of cancer originating cells that have the capacity of self-renewal, differentiation, and tumorigenicity (when transplanted into an immunocompromised animal). These low-copy number cell populations are believed to be resistant to conventional chemo and radiotherapy. It was reported that metabolic adaptation of these elusive cell populations is to a large extent responsible for their survival and distant metastasis. Warburg effect is a hallmark of most cancer in which the cancer cells prefer to metabolize glucose anaerobically, even under normoxic conditions. Warburg's aerobic glycolysis produces ATP efficiently promoting cell proliferation by reprogramming metabolism to increase glucose uptake and stimulating lactate production. This metabolic adaptation also seems to contribute to chemoresistance and immune evasion, a prerequisite for cancer cell survival and proliferation. Though we know a lot about metabolic fine-tuning in cancer, what is still in shadow is the identity of upstream regulators that orchestrates this process. Epigenetic modification of key metabolic enzymes seems to play a decisive role in this. By altering the metabolic flux, cancer cells polarize the biochemical reactions to selectively generate "onco-metabolites" that provide an added advantage for cell proliferation and survival. In this review, we explored the metabolic-epigenetic circuity in relation to cancer growth and proliferation and establish the fact how cancer cells may be addicted to specific metabolic pathways to meet their needs. Interestingly, even the immune system is re-calibrated to adapt to this altered scenario. Knowing the details is crucial for selective targeting of cancer stem cells by choking the rate-limiting stems and crucial branch points, preventing the formation of onco-metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Om Saswat Sahoo
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of technology, Durgapur, India
| | - Karthikeyan Pethusamy
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Joyeeta Talukdar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammed S. Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Computers and communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
| | - Ruby Dhar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Subhradip Karmakar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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TP53-Status-Dependent Oncogenic EZH2 Activity in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143451. [PMID: 35884510 PMCID: PMC9320674 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Epigenetic alterations contribute to the aggressiveness and therapy resistance of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, epigenetic regulators, including Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2), reveal a strong context-dependent activity. Our study aimed to examine the context-defining molecular prerequisites of oncogenic EZH2 activity in PDAC to assess the therapeutic efficacy of targeting EZH2. Our preclinical study using diverse PDAC models demonstrates that the TP53 status determines oncogenic EZH2 activity. Only in TP53-wildtype (wt) PDAC subtypes was EZH2 blockade associated with a favorable PDAC prognosis mainly through cell-death response. We revealed that EZH2 depletion increases p53wt stability by the de-repression of CDKN2A. Therefore, our study provides preclinical evidence that an intact CDKN2A-p53wt axis is indispensable for a beneficial outcome of EZH2 depletion and highlights the significance of molecular stratification to improve epigenetic targeting in PDAC. Abstract Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) represents a lethal malignancy with a consistently poor outcome. Besides mutations in PDAC driver genes, the aggressive tumor biology of the disease and its remarkable therapy resistance are predominantly installed by potentially reversible epigenetic dysregulation. However, epigenetic regulators act in a context-dependent manner with opposing implication on tumor progression, thus critically determining the therapeutic efficacy of epigenetic targeting. Herein, we aimed at exploring the molecular prerequisites and underlying mechanisms of oncogenic Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) activity in PDAC progression. Preclinical studies in EZH2 proficient and deficient transgenic and orthotopic in vivo PDAC models and transcriptome analysis identified the TP53 status as a pivotal context-defining molecular cue determining oncogenic EZH2 activity in PDAC. Importantly, the induction of pro-apoptotic gene signatures and processes as well as a favorable PDAC prognosis upon EZH2 depletion were restricted to p53 wildtype (wt) PDAC subtypes. Mechanistically, we illustrate that EZH2 blockade de-represses CDKN2A transcription for the subsequent posttranslational stabilization of p53wt expression and function. Together, our findings suggest an intact CDKN2A-p53wt axis as a prerequisite for the anti-tumorigenic consequences of EZH2 depletion and emphasize the significance of molecular stratification for the successful implementation of epigenetic targeting in PDAC.
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Bisht D, Patne K, Rakesh R, Muthuswami R. On the Interaction Between SMARCAL1 and BRG1. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:870815. [PMID: 35784471 PMCID: PMC9243424 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.870815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
SMARCAL1 and BRG1, both classified as ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling proteins, play a role in double-strand break DNA damage response pathways. Mutations in SMARCAL1 cause Schimke Immuno-osseous Dysplasia (SIOD) while mutations in BRG1 are associated with Coffin-Siris Syndrome (CSS4). In HeLa cells, SMARCAL1 and BRG1 co-regulate the expression of ATM, ATR, and RNAi genes on doxorubicin-induced DNA damage. Both the proteins are found to be simultaneously present on the promoter of these genes. Based on these results we hypothesized that SMARCAL1 and BRG1 interact with each other forming a complex. In this paper, we validate our hypothesis and show that SMARCAL1 and BRG1 do indeed interact with each other both in the absence and presence of doxorubicin. The formation of these complexes is dependent on the ATPase activity of both SMARCAL1 and BRG1. Using deletion constructs, we show that the HARP domains of SMARCAL1 mediate interaction with BRG1 while multiple domains of BRG1 are probably important for binding to SMARCAL1. We also show that SIOD-associated mutants fail to form a complex with BRG1. Similarly, CSS4-associated mutants of BRG1 fail to interact with SMARCAL1, thus, possibly contributing to the failure of the DNA damage response pathway and pathophysiology associated with SIOD and CSS4.
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27
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Savary C, Picard C, Corradini N, Castets M. Complex Elucidation of Cells-of-Origin in Pediatric Soft Tissue Sarcoma: From Concepts to Real Life, Hide-and-Seek through Epigenetic and Transcriptional Reprogramming. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6310. [PMID: 35682989 PMCID: PMC9181261 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcoma (STS) comprise a large group of mesenchymal malignant tumors with heterogeneous cellular morphology, proliferative index, genetic lesions and, more importantly, clinical features. Full elucidation of this wide diversity remains a central question to improve their therapeutic management and the identity of cell(s)-of-origin from which these tumors arise is part of this enigma. Cellular reprogramming allows transitions of a mature cell between phenotypes, or identities, and represents one key driver of tumoral heterogeneity. Here, we discuss how cellular reprogramming mediated by driver genes in STS can profoundly reshape the molecular and morphological features of a transformed cell and lead to erroneous interpretation of its cell-of-origin. This review questions the fact that the epigenetic context in which a genetic alteration arises has to be taken into account as a key determinant of STS tumor initiation and progression. Retracing the cancer-initiating cell and its clonal evolution, notably via epigenetic approach, appears as a key lever for understanding the origin of these tumors and improving their clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Savary
- Childhood Cancer & Cell Death (C3), LabEx DEVweCAN, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Cécile Picard
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, 69002 Lyon, France;
| | - Nadège Corradini
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Institut d’Hematologie et d’Oncologie Pédiatrique, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France;
- Department of Translational Research in Pediatric Oncology, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Marie Castets
- Childhood Cancer & Cell Death (C3), LabEx DEVweCAN, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, 69008 Lyon, France
- Department of Translational Research in Pediatric Oncology, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
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28
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Monti N, Verna R, Piombarolo A, Querqui A, Bizzarri M, Fedeli V. Paradoxical Behavior of Oncogenes Undermines the Somatic Mutation Theory. Biomolecules 2022; 12:662. [PMID: 35625590 PMCID: PMC9138429 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The currently accepted theory on the influence of DNA mutations on carcinogenesis (the Somatic Mutation Theory, SMT) is facing an increasing number of controversial results that undermine the explanatory power of mutated genes considered as "causative" factors. Intriguing results have demonstrated that several critical genes may act differently, as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, while phenotypic reversion of cancerous cells/tissues can be achieved by modifying the microenvironment, the mutations they are carrying notwithstanding. Furthermore, a high burden of mutations has been identified in many non-cancerous tissues without any apparent pathological consequence. All things considered, a relevant body of unexplained inconsistencies calls for an in depth rewiring of our theoretical models. Ignoring these paradoxes is no longer sustainable. By avoiding these conundrums, the scientific community will deprive itself of the opportunity to achieve real progress in this important biomedical field. To remedy this situation, we need to embrace new theoretical perspectives, taking the cell-microenvironment interplay as the privileged pathogenetic level of observation, and by assuming new explanatory models based on truly different premises. New theoretical frameworks dawned in the last two decades principally focus on the complex interaction between cells and their microenvironment, which is thought to be the critical level from which carcinogenesis arises. Indeed, both molecular and biophysical components of the stroma can dramatically drive cell fate commitment and cell outcome in opposite directions, even in the presence of the same stimulus. Therefore, such a novel approach can help in solving apparently inextricable paradoxes that are increasingly observed in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Valeria Fedeli
- Systems Biology Group Lab, Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.M.); (R.V.); (A.P.); (A.Q.); (M.B.)
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29
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Sun S, Li Q, Zhang Z, Xiong S, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Li Z, Yang F, Zhang S. SMARCA2 deficiency in NSCLC: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis of a large series from a single institution. Environ Health Prev Med 2022; 27:3. [PMID: 35289322 PMCID: PMC9093611 DOI: 10.1265/ehpm.21-00254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Sun
- Department of Oncology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University
| | - Qiujing Li
- Department of Pathology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University
| | | | | | - Yujie Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Pathology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University
| | | | - Fujun Yang
- Department of Oncology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University
| | - Shukun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University
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30
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Backx E, Coolens K, Van den Bossche JL, Houbracken I, Espinet E, Rooman I. On the Origin of Pancreatic Cancer: Molecular Tumor Subtypes in Perspective of Exocrine Cell Plasticity. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 13:1243-1253. [PMID: 34875393 PMCID: PMC8881661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating type of cancer. While many studies have shed light into the pathobiology of PDAC, the nature of PDAC's cell of origin remains under debate. Studies in adult pancreatic tissue have unveiled a remarkable exocrine cell plasticity including transitional states, mostly exemplified by acinar to ductal cell metaplasia, but also with recent evidence hinting at duct to basal cell transitions. Single-cell RNA sequencing has further revealed intrapopulation heterogeneity among acinar and duct cells. Transcriptomic and epigenomic relationships between these exocrine cell differentiation states and PDAC molecular subtypes have started to emerge, suggesting different ontogenies for different tumor subtypes. This review sheds light on these diverse aspects with particular focus on studies with human cells. Understanding the "masked ball" of exocrine cells at origin of PDAC and leaving behind the binary acinar vs duct cell classification may significantly advance our insights in PDAC biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elyne Backx
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology, Oncology Research Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Katarina Coolens
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology, Oncology Research Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jan-Lars Van den Bossche
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology, Oncology Research Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Houbracken
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology, Oncology Research Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elisa Espinet
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine, Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ilse Rooman
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology, Oncology Research Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
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31
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Li J, Wei T, Zhang J, Liang T. Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms of the Pancreas: A Review of Their Genetic Characteristics and Mouse Models. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215296. [PMID: 34771461 PMCID: PMC8582516 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancers with the lowest survival rate. Little progress has been achieved in prolonging the survival for patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Hence, special attention should be paid to pre-cancerous lesions, for instance, an intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN). Here, we reviewed its genetic characteristics and the mouse models involving mutations in specific pathways, and updated our current perception of how this lesion develops into a precursor of invasive cancer. Abstract The intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) is attracting research attention because of its increasing incidence and proven potential to progress into invasive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In this review, we summarized the key signaling pathways or protein complexes (GPCR, TGF, SWI/SNF, WNT, and PI3K) that appear to be involved in IPMN pathogenesis. In addition, we collected information regarding all the genetic mouse models that mimic the human IPMN phenotype with specific immunohistochemistry techniques. The mouse models enable us to gain insight into the complex mechanism of the origin of IPMN, revealing that it can be developed from both acinar cells and duct cells according to different models. Furthermore, recent genomic studies describe the potential mechanism by which heterogeneous IPMN gives rise to malignant carcinoma through sequential, branch-off, or de novo approaches. The most intractable problem is that the risk of malignancy persists to some extent even if the primary IPMN is excised with a perfect margin, calling for the re-evaluation and improvement of diagnostic, pre-emptive, and therapeutic measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, China; (J.L.); (T.W.); (J.Z.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for the Study of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tao Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, China; (J.L.); (T.W.); (J.Z.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for the Study of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, China; (J.L.); (T.W.); (J.Z.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for the Study of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, China; (J.L.); (T.W.); (J.Z.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for the Study of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-571-87236688
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32
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Thompson JK, Bednar F. Clinical Utility of Epigenetic Changes in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. EPIGENOMES 2021; 5:20. [PMID: 34968245 PMCID: PMC8715475 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes5040020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a molecularly heterogeneous disease. Epigenetic changes and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms underlie at least some of this heterogeneity and contribute to the evolution of aggressive tumor biology in patients and the tumor's intrinsic resistance to therapy. Here we review our current understanding of epigenetic dysregulation in pancreatic cancer and how it is contributing to our efforts in early diagnosis, predictive and prognostic biomarker development and new therapeutic approaches in this deadly cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Filip Bednar
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
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33
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Concepcion CP, Ma S, LaFave LM, Bhutkar A, Liu M, DeAngelo LP, Kim JY, Del Priore I, Schoenfeld AJ, Miller M, Kartha VK, Westcott PMK, Sanchez-Rivera FJ, Meli K, Gupta M, Bronson RT, Riely GJ, Rekhtman N, Rudin CM, Kim CF, Regev A, Buenrostro JD, Jacks T. SMARCA4 inactivation promotes lineage-specific transformation and early metastatic features in the lung. Cancer Discov 2021; 12:562-585. [PMID: 34561242 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-21-0248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
SMARCA4/BRG1 encodes for one of two mutually exclusive ATPases present in mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes and is frequently mutated in human lung adenocarcinoma. However, the functional consequences of SMARCA4 mutation on tumor initiation, progression, and chromatin regulation in lung cancer remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that loss of Smarca4 sensitizes CCSP+ cells within the lung in a cell-type dependent fashion to malignant transformation and tumor progression, resulting in highly advanced dedifferentiated tumors and increased metastatic incidence. Consistent with these phenotypes, Smarca4-deficient primary tumors lack lung lineage transcription factor activities and resemble a metastatic cell state. Mechanistically, we show that Smarca4 loss impairs the function of all three classes of SWI/SNF complexes, resulting in decreased chromatin accessibility at lung lineage motifs and ultimately accelerating tumor progression. Thus, we propose that the SWI/SNF complex - via Smarca4 - acts as a gatekeeper for lineage-specific cellular transformation and metastasis during lung cancer evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla P Concepcion
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
| | | | - Lindsay M LaFave
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
| | - Arjun Bhutkar
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
| | - Manyuan Liu
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
| | - Lydia P DeAngelo
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
| | | | - Isabella Del Priore
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
| | | | - Manon Miller
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
| | | | - Peter M K Westcott
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
| | | | - Kevin Meli
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
| | | | | | | | | | - Charles M Rudin
- Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research and Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
| | - Carla F Kim
- Stem Cell Program, Harvard University, Boston Children's Hospital
| | | | | | - Tyler Jacks
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
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34
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Chromatin remodelers and lineage-specific factors interact to target enhancers to establish proneurosensory fate within otic ectoderm. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2025196118. [PMID: 33723076 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2025196118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Specification of Sox2+ proneurosensory progenitors within otic ectoderm is a prerequisite for the production of sensory cells and neurons for hearing. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms driving this lineage specification remain unknown. Here, we show that the Brg1-based SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex interacts with the neurosensory-specific transcriptional regulators Eya1/Six1 to induce Sox2 expression and promote proneurosensory-lineage specification. Ablation of the ATPase-subunit Brg1 or both Eya1/Six1 results in loss of Sox2 expression and lack of neurosensory identity, leading to abnormal apoptosis within the otic ectoderm. Brg1 binds to two of three distal 3' Sox2 enhancers occupied by Six1, and Brg1-binding to these regions depends on Eya1-Six1 activity. We demonstrate that the activity of these Sox2 enhancers in otic neurosensory cells specifically depends on binding to Six1. Furthermore, genome-wide and transcriptome profiling indicate that Brg1 may suppress apoptotic factor Map3k5 to inhibit apoptosis. Together, our findings reveal an essential role for Brg1, its downstream pathways, and their interactions with Six1/Eya1 in promoting proneurosensory fate induction in the otic ectoderm and subsequent neuronal lineage commitment and survival of otic cells.
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MECOM permits pancreatic acinar cell dedifferentiation avoiding cell death under stress conditions. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:2601-2615. [PMID: 33762742 PMCID: PMC8408219 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00771-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of the pancreatic acinar cell phenotype suppresses tumor formation. Hence, repetitive acute or chronic pancreatitis, stress conditions in which the acinar cells dedifferentiate, predispose for cancer formation in the pancreas. Dedifferentiated acinar cells acquire a large panel of duct cell-specific markers. However, it remains unclear to what extent dedifferentiated acini differ from native duct cells and which genes are uniquely regulating acinar cell dedifferentiation. Moreover, most studies have been performed on mice since the availability of human cells is scarce. Here, we applied a non-genetic lineage tracing method of human pancreatic exocrine acinar and duct cells that allowed cell-type-specific gene expression profiling by RNA sequencing. Subsequent to this discovery analysis, one transcription factor that was unique for dedifferentiated acinar cells was functionally characterized. RNA sequencing analysis showed that human dedifferentiated acinar cells expressed genes in "Pathways of cancer" with a prominence of MECOM (EVI-1), a transcription factor that was not expressed by duct cells. During mouse embryonic development, pre-acinar cells also transiently expressed MECOM and in the adult mouse pancreas, MECOM was re-expressed when mice were subjected to acute and chronic pancreatitis, conditions in which acinar cells dedifferentiate. In human cells and in mice, MECOM expression correlated with and was directly regulated by SOX9. Mouse acinar cells that, by genetic manipulation, lose the ability to upregulate MECOM showed impaired cell adhesion, more prominent acinar cell death, and suppressed acinar cell dedifferentiation by limited ERK signaling. In conclusion, we transcriptionally profiled the two major human pancreatic exocrine cell types, acinar and duct cells, during experimental stress conditions. We provide insights that in dedifferentiated acinar cells, cancer pathways are upregulated in which MECOM is a critical regulator that suppresses acinar cell death by permitting cellular dedifferentiation.
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36
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Grimont A, Leach SD, Chandwani R. Uncertain Beginnings: Acinar and Ductal Cell Plasticity in the Development of Pancreatic Cancer. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 13:369-382. [PMID: 34352406 PMCID: PMC8688164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The pancreas consists of several specialized cell types that display a remarkable ability to alter cellular identity in injury, regeneration, and repair. The abundant cellular plasticity within the pancreas appears to be exploited in tumorigenesis, with metaplastic, dedifferentiation, and transdifferentiation processes central to the development of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary neoplasms, precursor lesions to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. In the face of shifting cellular identity, the cell of origin of pancreatic cancer has been difficult to elucidate. However, with the extensive utilization of in vivo lineage-traced mouse models coupled with insights from human samples, it has emerged that the acinar cell is most efficiently able to give rise to both intraductal papillary neoplasms and pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia but that acinar and ductal cells can undergo malignant transformation to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. In this review, we discuss the cellular reprogramming that takes place in both the normal and malignant pancreas and evaluate the current state of evidence that implicate both the acinar and ductal cell as context-dependent origins of this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Grimont
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Steven D Leach
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Rohit Chandwani
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, New York.
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Launonen KM, Paakinaho V, Sigismondo G, Malinen M, Sironen R, Hartikainen JM, Laakso H, Visakorpi T, Krijgsveld J, Niskanen EA, Palvimo JJ. Chromatin-directed proteomics-identified network of endogenous androgen receptor in prostate cancer cells. Oncogene 2021; 40:4567-4579. [PMID: 34127815 PMCID: PMC8266679 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01887-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of prostate cancer confronts resistance to androgen receptor (AR)-targeted therapies. AR-associated coregulators and chromatin proteins hold a great potential for novel therapy targets. Here, we employed a powerful chromatin-directed proteomics approach termed ChIP-SICAP to uncover the composition of chromatin protein network, the chromatome, around endogenous AR in castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) cells. In addition to several expected AR coregulators, the chromatome contained many nuclear proteins not previously associated with the AR. In the context of androgen signaling in CRPC cells, we further investigated the role of a known AR-associated protein, a chromatin remodeler SMARCA4 and that of SIM2, a transcription factor without a previous association with AR. To understand their role in chromatin accessibility and AR target gene expression, we integrated data from ChIP-seq, RNA-seq, ATAC-seq and functional experiments. Despite the wide co-occurrence of SMARCA4 and AR on chromatin, depletion of SMARCA4 influenced chromatin accessibility and expression of a restricted set of AR target genes, especially those involved in cell morphogenetic changes in epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The depletion also inhibited the CRPC cell growth, validating SMARCA4's functional role in CRPC cells. Although silencing of SIM2 reduced chromatin accessibility similarly, it affected the expression of a much larger group of androgen-regulated genes, including those involved in cellular responses to external stimuli and steroid hormone stimulus. The silencing also reduced proliferation of CRPC cells and tumor size in chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane assay, further emphasizing the importance of SIM2 in CRPC cells and pointing to the functional relevance of this potential prostate cancer biomarker in CRPC cells. Overall, the chromatome of AR identified in this work is an important resource for the field focusing on this important drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaisa-Mari Launonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ville Paakinaho
- Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Marjo Malinen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Reijo Sironen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Clinical Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaana M Hartikainen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Clinical Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hanna Laakso
- Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tapio Visakorpi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jeroen Krijgsveld
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Einari A Niskanen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jorma J Palvimo
- Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
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Lodestijn SC, van Neerven SM, Vermeulen L, Bijlsma MF. Stem Cells in the Exocrine Pancreas during Homeostasis, Injury, and Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133295. [PMID: 34209288 PMCID: PMC8267661 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies. Hence, improved therapies are urgently needed. Recent research indicates that pancreatic cancers depend on cancer stem cells (CSCs) for tumor expansion, metastasis, and therapy resistance. However, the exact functionality of pancreatic CSCs is still unclear. CSCs have much in common with normal pancreatic stem cells that have been better, albeit still incompletely, characterized. In this literature review, we address how pancreatic stem cells influence growth, homeostasis, regeneration, and cancer. Furthermore, we outline which intrinsic and extrinsic factors regulate stem cell functionality during these different processes to explore potential novel targets for treating pancreatic cancer. Abstract Cell generation and renewal are essential processes to develop, maintain, and regenerate tissues. New cells can be generated from immature cell types, such as stem-like cells, or originate from more differentiated pre-existing cells that self-renew or transdifferentiate. The adult pancreas is a dormant organ with limited regeneration capacity, which complicates studying these processes. As a result, there is still discussion about the existence of stem cells in the adult pancreas. Interestingly, in contrast to the classical stem cell concept, stem cell properties seem to be plastic, and, in circumstances of injury, differentiated cells can revert back to a more immature cellular state. Importantly, deregulation of the balance between cellular proliferation and differentiation can lead to disease initiation, in particular to cancer formation. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease with a 5-year survival rate of only ~9%. Unfortunately, metastasis formation often occurs prior to diagnosis, and most tumors are resistant to current treatment strategies. It has been proposed that a specific subpopulation of cells, i.e., cancer stem cells (CSCs), are responsible for tumor expansion, metastasis formation, and therapy resistance. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of pancreatic stem cells during homeostasis and injury might lead to new insights to understand the role of CSCs in PDAC. Therefore, in this review, we present an overview of the current literature regarding the stem cell dynamics in the pancreas during health and disease. Furthermore, we highlight the influence of the tumor microenvironment on the growth behavior of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie C. Lodestijn
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Cancer Center Amsterdam and Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.C.L.); (S.M.v.N.); (L.V.)
- Oncode Institute, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne M. van Neerven
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Cancer Center Amsterdam and Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.C.L.); (S.M.v.N.); (L.V.)
- Oncode Institute, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Louis Vermeulen
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Cancer Center Amsterdam and Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.C.L.); (S.M.v.N.); (L.V.)
- Oncode Institute, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten F. Bijlsma
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Cancer Center Amsterdam and Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.C.L.); (S.M.v.N.); (L.V.)
- Oncode Institute, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
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Hendley AM, Rao AA, Leonhardt L, Ashe S, Smith JA, Giacometti S, Peng XL, Jiang H, Berrios DI, Pawlak M, Li LY, Lee J, Collisson EA, Anderson MS, Fragiadakis GK, Yeh JJ, Ye CJ, Kim GE, Weaver VM, Hebrok M. Single-cell transcriptome analysis defines heterogeneity of the murine pancreatic ductal tree. eLife 2021; 10:e67776. [PMID: 34009124 PMCID: PMC8184217 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To study disease development, an inventory of an organ's cell types and understanding of physiologic function is paramount. Here, we performed single-cell RNA-sequencing to examine heterogeneity of murine pancreatic duct cells, pancreatobiliary cells, and intrapancreatic bile duct cells. We describe an epithelial-mesenchymal transitory axis in our three pancreatic duct subpopulations and identify osteopontin as a regulator of this fate decision as well as human duct cell dedifferentiation. Our results further identify functional heterogeneity within pancreatic duct subpopulations by elucidating a role for geminin in accumulation of DNA damage in the setting of chronic pancreatitis. Our findings implicate diverse functional roles for subpopulations of pancreatic duct cells in maintenance of duct cell identity and disease progression and establish a comprehensive road map of murine pancreatic duct cell, pancreatobiliary cell, and intrapancreatic bile duct cell homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey M Hendley
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Center for Bioengineering and Tissue Regeneration, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Arjun A Rao
- CoLabs, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Bakar ImmunoX Initiative, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Laura Leonhardt
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Sudipta Ashe
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Simone Giacometti
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Xianlu L Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillUnited States
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillUnited States
| | - Honglin Jiang
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - David I Berrios
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Mathias Pawlak
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's HospitalBostonUnited States
| | - Lucia Y Li
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Jonghyun Lee
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Eric A Collisson
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Mark S Anderson
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Gabriela K Fragiadakis
- CoLabs, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Bakar ImmunoX Initiative, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Jen Jen Yeh
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillUnited States
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillUnited States
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillUnited States
| | - Chun Jimmie Ye
- Parker Institute for Cancer ImmunotherapySan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Grace E Kim
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Valerie M Weaver
- Center for Bioengineering and Tissue Regeneration, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Matthias Hebrok
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
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Yang L, Xia H, Smith K, Gilbertsen A, Beisang D, Kuo J, Bitterman PB, Henke CA. A CD44/Brg1 nuclear complex confers mesenchymal progenitor cells with enhanced fibrogenicity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. JCI Insight 2021; 6:144652. [PMID: 33822772 PMCID: PMC8262361 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.144652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fibrotic lung disease. We previously identified fibrogenic mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) in the lungs of patients with IPF who serve as drivers of progressive fibrosis. Recent single-cell RNA sequencing work revealed that IPF MPCs with the highest transcriptomic network entropy differ the most from control MPCs and that increased CD44 was a marker of these IPF MPCs. We hypothesize that IPF MPCs with high CD44 (CD44hi) expression will display enhanced fibrogenicity. We demonstrate that CD44-expressing MPCs are present at the periphery of the IPF fibroblastic focus, placing them in regions of active fibrogenesis. In a humanized mouse xenograft model, CD44hi IPF MPCs are more fibrogenic than CD44lo IPF MPCs, and knockdown of CD44 diminishes their fibrogenicity. CD44hi IPF MPCs display increased expression of pluripotency markers and enhanced self-renewal compared with CD44lo IPF MPCs, properties potentiated by IL-8. The mechanism involves the accumulation of CD44 within the nucleus, where it associates with the chromatin modulator protein Brahma-related gene 1 (Brg1) and the zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (Zeb1) transcription factor. This CD44/Brg1/Zeb1 nuclear protein complex targets the Sox2 gene, promoting its upregulation and self-renewal. Our data implicate CD44 interaction with the epigenetic modulator protein Brg1 in conveying IPF MPCs with cell-autonomous fibrogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Daniel Beisang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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Rodríguez Gil Y, Jiménez Sánchez P, Muñoz Velasco R, García García A, Sánchez-Arévalo Lobo VJ. Molecular Alterations in Pancreatic Cancer: Transfer to the Clinic. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2077. [PMID: 33669845 PMCID: PMC7923218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is the most common cancer of the exocrine pancreas and probably the tumor that has benefited the least from clinical progress in the last three decades. A consensus has been reached regarding the histologic classification of the ductal preneoplastic lesions (pancreatic intra-epithelial neoplasia-PanIN) and the molecular alterations associated with them. Mutations in KRAS and inactivation of CDKN2A, SMAD4 and TP53 are among the most prevalent alterations. Next generation sequencing studies are providing a broad picture of the enormous heterogeneity in this tumor type, describing new mutations less prevalent. These studies have also allowed the characterization of different subtypes with prognostic value. However, all this knowledge has not been translated into a clinical progress. Effective preventive and early diagnostic strategies are essential to improve the survival rates. The main challenge is, indeed, to identify new effective drugs. Despite many years of research and its limited success, gemcitabine is still the first line treatment of PDA. New drug combinations and new concepts to improve drug delivery into the tumor, as well as the development of preclinical predictive assays, are being explored and provide optimism and prospects for better therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Rodríguez Gil
- Pathology Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, (Spain), Av. Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Paula Jiménez Sánchez
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biosanitary Research Institute, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Francisco de Vitoria University (UFV), Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (P.J.S.); (R.M.V.); (A.G.G.)
| | - Raúl Muñoz Velasco
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biosanitary Research Institute, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Francisco de Vitoria University (UFV), Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (P.J.S.); (R.M.V.); (A.G.G.)
| | - Ana García García
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biosanitary Research Institute, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Francisco de Vitoria University (UFV), Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (P.J.S.); (R.M.V.); (A.G.G.)
| | - Víctor Javier Sánchez-Arévalo Lobo
- Pathology Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, (Spain), Av. Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain;
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biosanitary Research Institute, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Francisco de Vitoria University (UFV), Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (P.J.S.); (R.M.V.); (A.G.G.)
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42
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Wang Y, Yang CH, Schultz AP, Sims MM, Miller DD, Pfeffer LM. Brahma-Related Gene-1 (BRG1) promotes the malignant phenotype of glioblastoma cells. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:2956-2966. [PMID: 33528916 PMCID: PMC7957270 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive malignant brain tumour that is resistant to existing therapeutics. Identifying signalling pathways deregulated in GBM that can be targeted therapeutically is critical to improve the present dismal prognosis for GBM patients. In this report, we have identified that the BRG1 (Brahma‐Related Gene‐1) catalytic subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodelling complex promotes the malignant phenotype of GBM cells. We found that BRG1 is ubiquitously expressed in tumour tissue from GBM patients, and high BRG1 expression levels are localized to specific brain tumour regions. Knockout (KO) of BRG1 by CRISPR‐Cas9 gene editing had minimal effects on GBM cell proliferation, but significantly inhibited GBM cell migration and invasion. BRG1‐KO also sensitized GBM cells to the anti‐proliferative effects of the anti‐cancer agent temozolomide (TMZ), which is used to treat GBM patients in the clinic, and selectively altered STAT3 tyrosine phosphorylation and gene expression. These results demonstrate that BRG‐1 promotes invasion and migration, and decreases chemotherapy sensitivity, indicating that it functions in an oncogenic manner in GBM cells. Taken together, our findings suggest that targeting BRG1 in GBM may have therapeutic benefit in the treatment of this deadly form of brain cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (College of Medicine), and the Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Chuan He Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (College of Medicine), and the Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Andrew P Schultz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (College of Medicine), and the Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Michelle M Sims
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (College of Medicine), and the Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Duane D Miller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (College of Pharmacy), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Lawrence M Pfeffer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (College of Medicine), and the Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
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Tsuda M, Fukuda A, Kawai M, Araki O, Seno H. The role of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:490-497. [PMID: 33301642 PMCID: PMC7894000 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes are a group of epigenetic regulators that can alter the assembly of nucleosomes and regulate the accessibility of transcription factors to DNA in order to modulate gene expression. One of these complexes, the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex is mutated in more than 20% of human cancers. We have investigated the roles of the SWI/SNF complex in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA), which is the most lethal type of cancer. Here, we reviewed the recent literature regarding the role of the SWI/SNF complex in pancreatic tumorigenesis and current knowledge about therapeutic strategies targeting the SWI/SNF complex in PDA. The subunits of the SWI/SNF complex are mutated in 14% of human PDA. Recent studies have shown that they have context-dependent oncogenic or tumor-suppressive roles in pancreatic carcinogenesis. To target its tumor-suppressive properties, synthetic lethal strategies have recently been developed. In addition, their oncogenic properties could be novel therapeutic targets. The SWI/SNF subunits are potential therapeutic targets for PDA, and further understanding of the precise role of the SWI/SNF complex subunits in PDA is required for further development of novel strategies targeting SWI/SNF subunits against PDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoyuki Tsuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsaka‐sayama CityJapan
| | - Akihisa Fukuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Munenori Kawai
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Osamu Araki
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Hiroshi Seno
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
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Farcas AM, Nagarajan S, Cosulich S, Carroll JS. Genome-Wide Estrogen Receptor Activity in Breast Cancer. Endocrinology 2021; 162:bqaa224. [PMID: 33284960 PMCID: PMC7787425 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The largest subtype of breast cancer is characterized by the expression and activity of the estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha/ER). Although several effective therapies have significantly improved survival, the adaptability of cancer cells means that patients frequently stop responding or develop resistance to endocrine treatment. ER does not function in isolation and multiple associating factors have been reported to play a role in regulating the estrogen-driven transcriptional program. This review focuses on the dynamic interplay between some of these factors which co-occupy ER-bound regulatory elements, their contribution to estrogen signaling, and their possible therapeutic applications. Furthermore, the review illustrates how some ER association partners can influence and reprogram the genomic distribution of the estrogen receptor. As this dynamic ER activity enables cancer cell adaptability and impacts the clinical outcome, defining how this plasticity is determined is fundamental to our understanding of the mechanisms of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca M Farcas
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- CRUK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sankari Nagarajan
- CRUK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Jason S Carroll
- CRUK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Brown SL, Kendrick S. The i-Motif as a Molecular Target: More Than a Complementary DNA Secondary Structure. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14020096. [PMID: 33513764 PMCID: PMC7911047 DOI: 10.3390/ph14020096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Stretches of cytosine-rich DNA are capable of adopting a dynamic secondary structure, the i-motif. When within promoter regions, the i-motif has the potential to act as a molecular switch for controlling gene expression. However, i-motif structures in genomic areas of repetitive nucleotide sequences may play a role in facilitating or hindering expansion of these DNA elements. Despite research on the i-motif trailing behind the complementary G-quadruplex structure, recent discoveries including the identification of a specific i-motif antibody are pushing this field forward. This perspective reviews initial and current work characterizing the i-motif and providing insight into the biological function of this DNA structure, with a focus on how the i-motif can serve as a molecular target for developing new therapeutic approaches to modulate gene expression and extension of repetitive DNA.
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Xu S, Tang C. The Role of ARID1A in Tumors: Tumor Initiation or Tumor Suppression? Front Oncol 2021; 11:745187. [PMID: 34671561 PMCID: PMC8521028 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.745187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Genes encoding subunits of SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermenting (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling complexes are collectively mutated in 20% of all human cancers, among which the AT-rich interacting domain-containing protein 1A (ARID1A, also known as BAF250a, B120, C1orf4, Osa1) that encodes protein ARID1A is the most frequently mutated, and mutations in ARID1A have been found in various types of cancer. ARID1A is thought to play a significant role both in tumor initiation and in tumor suppression, which is highly dependent upon context. Recent molecular mechanistic research has revealed that ARID1A participates in tumor progression through its effects on control of cell cycle, modulation of cellular functions such as EMT, and regulation of various signaling pathways. In this review, we synthesize a mechanistic understanding of the role of ARID1A in human tumor initiation as well as in tumor suppression and further discuss the implications of these new discoveries for potential cancer intervention. We also highlight the mechanisms by which mutations affecting the subunits in SWI/SNF complexes promote cancer.
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Rubin MA, Bristow RG, Thienger PD, Dive C, Imielinski M. Impact of Lineage Plasticity to and from a Neuroendocrine Phenotype on Progression and Response in Prostate and Lung Cancers. Mol Cell 2020; 80:562-577. [PMID: 33217316 PMCID: PMC8399907 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intratumoral heterogeneity can occur via phenotype transitions, often after chronic exposure to targeted anticancer agents. This process, termed lineage plasticity, is associated with acquired independence to an initial oncogenic driver, resulting in treatment failure. In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and prostate cancers, lineage plasticity manifests when the adenocarcinoma phenotype transforms into neuroendocrine (NE) disease. The exact molecular mechanisms involved in this NE transdifferentiation remain elusive. In small cell lung cancer (SCLC), plasticity from NE to nonNE phenotypes is driven by NOTCH signaling. Herein we review current understanding of NE lineage plasticity dynamics, exemplified by prostate cancer, NSCLC, and SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Rubin
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern and Inselspital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; Bern Center for Precision Medicine, University of Bern and Inselspital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Robert G Bristow
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre and Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, UK
| | - Phillip D Thienger
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern and Inselspital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Dive
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute Cancer Biomarker Centre, University of Manchester, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, UK
| | - Marcin Imielinski
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
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48
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Cyrta J, Augspach A, De Filippo MR, Prandi D, Thienger P, Benelli M, Cooley V, Bareja R, Wilkes D, Chae SS, Cavaliere P, Dephoure N, Uldry AC, Lagache SB, Roma L, Cohen S, Jaquet M, Brandt LP, Alshalalfa M, Puca L, Sboner A, Feng F, Wang S, Beltran H, Lotan T, Spahn M, Kruithof-de Julio M, Chen Y, Ballman KV, Demichelis F, Piscuoglio S, Rubin MA. Role of specialized composition of SWI/SNF complexes in prostate cancer lineage plasticity. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5549. [PMID: 33144576 PMCID: PMC7642293 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19328-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced prostate cancer initially responds to hormonal treatment, but ultimately becomes resistant and requires more potent therapies. One mechanism of resistance observed in around 10–20% of these patients is lineage plasticity, which manifests in a partial or complete small cell or neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) phenotype. Here, we investigate the role of the mammalian SWI/SNF (mSWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling complex in NEPC. Using large patient datasets, patient-derived organoids and cancer cell lines, we identify mSWI/SNF subunits that are deregulated in NEPC and demonstrate that SMARCA4 (BRG1) overexpression is associated with aggressive disease. We also show that SWI/SNF complexes interact with different lineage-specific factors in NEPC compared to prostate adenocarcinoma. These data point to a role for mSWI/SNF complexes in therapy-related lineage plasticity, which may also be relevant for other solid tumors. The differentiation of prostate adenocarcinoma to neuroendocrine prostate cancer (CRPC-NE) is a mechanism of resistance to androgen deprivation therapy. Here the authors show that SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex is deregulated in CRPC-NE and that the complex interacts with different lineage specific factors throughout prostate cancer transdifferentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Cyrta
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland.,The Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Anke Augspach
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Maria Rosaria De Filippo
- Department for BioMedical Research, Urology Research Laboratory, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Pathology and Medical Genetics, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, 4051, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Davide Prandi
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, 38122, Trento, Italy
| | - Phillip Thienger
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Benelli
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, 38122, Trento, Italy.,Bioinformatics Unit, Hospital of Prato, 59100, Prato, Italy
| | - Victoria Cooley
- Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Rohan Bareja
- The Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA.,Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - David Wilkes
- The Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Sung-Suk Chae
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Paola Cavaliere
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Noah Dephoure
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Anne-Christine Uldry
- Proteomics Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Braga Lagache
- Proteomics Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Luca Roma
- Institute of Pathology and Medical Genetics, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, 4051, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Cohen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Muriel Jaquet
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Laura P Brandt
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mohammed Alshalalfa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Loredana Puca
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Andrea Sboner
- The Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA.,Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA.,HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA.,Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Felix Feng
- Proteomics Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Shangqian Wang
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program and Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Himisha Beltran
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tamara Lotan
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Martin Spahn
- Lindenhofspital Bern, Prostate Center Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Urology, Essen University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057, Essen, Germany
| | - Marianna Kruithof-de Julio
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research, Urology Research Laboratory, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Urology, Inselspital, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Karla V Ballman
- Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Francesca Demichelis
- The Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA.,Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, 38122, Trento, Italy
| | - Salvatore Piscuoglio
- Institute of Pathology and Medical Genetics, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, 4051, Basel, Switzerland.,Visceral Surgery Research Laboratory, Clarunis, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4051, Basel, Switzerland.,Clarunis Universitäres Bauchzentrum Basel, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mark A Rubin
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland. .,Inselspital, 3010, Bern, Switzerland. .,Bern Center for Precision Medicine, 3008, Bern, Switzerland.
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49
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Capello M, Fahrmann JF, Rios Perez MV, Vykoukal JV, Irajizad E, Tripathi SC, Roife D, Bantis LE, Kang Y, Kundnani DL, Xu H, Prakash LR, Long JP, Katayama H, Fleury A, Ferri-Borgogno S, Baluya DL, Dennison JB, Aguilar-Bonavides C, Casabar JP, Celiktas M, Do KA, Fiehn O, Maitra A, Wang H, Feng Z, Chiao PJ, Katz MH, Fleming JB, Hanash SM. CES2 Expression in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Is Predictive of Response to Irinotecan and Is Associated With Type 2 Diabetes. JCO Precis Oncol 2020; 4:426-436. [PMID: 35050739 PMCID: PMC10860959 DOI: 10.1200/po.19.00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The combination chemotherapy of fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX) has provided clinically meaningful improvement for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We previously uncovered a role for the serine hydrolase carboxylesterase 2 (CES2) in mediating intratumoral activation of the prodrug irinotecan, a constituent of FOLFIRINOX. We aimed to further test the predictive value of CES2 for response to irinotecan using patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models and to elucidate the determinants of CES2 expression and response to FOLFIRINOX treatment among patients with PDAC. METHODS PDXs were engrafted subcutaneously into nude mice and treated for 4 weeks with either saline control or irinotecan. CES2 and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4A) expression in PDAC tissues was evaluated by immunohistochemical and Western blot analysis. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were applied to assess the association between overall survival and hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) levels in patients who underwent neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX treatment. RESULTS High CES2 activity in PDAC PDXs was associated with increased sensitivity to irinotecan. Integrated gene expression, proteomic analyses, and in vitro genetic experiments revealed that nuclear receptor HNF4A, which is upregulated in diabetes, is the upstream transcriptional regulator of CES2 expression. Elevated CES2 protein expression in PDAC tissues was positively associated with a history of type 2 diabetes (odds ratio, 4.84; P = .02). High HbA1C levels were associated with longer overall survival in patients who received neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX treatment (P = .04). CONCLUSION To our knowledge, we provide, for the first time, evidence that CES2 expression is associated with a history of type 2 diabetes in PDAC and that elevated HbA1C, by predicting tumor CES2 expression, may represent a novel marker for stratifying patients most likely to respond to FOLFIRINOX therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Capello
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Johannes F. Fahrmann
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Mayrim V. Rios Perez
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jody V. Vykoukal
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Ehsan Irajizad
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Satyendra C. Tripathi
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - David Roife
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Leonidas E. Bantis
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Ya’an Kang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Deepali L. Kundnani
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Hanwen Xu
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Laura R. Prakash
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - James P. Long
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Hiroyuki Katayama
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Alia Fleury
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Sammy Ferri-Borgogno
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Dodge L. Baluya
- Center for Radiation Oncology Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jennifer B. Dennison
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Clemente Aguilar-Bonavides
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Julian P. Casabar
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Muge Celiktas
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Kim-Anh Do
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- University of California Davis Genome Center–Metabolomics, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - Anirban Maitra
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Huamin Wang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Ziding Feng
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Paul J. Chiao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Matthew H. Katz
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jason B. Fleming
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - Samir M. Hanash
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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50
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Reske JJ, Wilson MR, Holladay J, Wegener M, Adams M, Chandler RL. SWI/SNF inactivation in the endometrial epithelium leads to loss of epithelial integrity. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 29:3412-3430. [PMID: 33075803 PMCID: PMC7749707 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although ARID1A mutations are a hallmark feature, mutations in other SWI/SNF (SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable) chromatin remodeling subunits are also observed in endometrial neoplasms. Here, we interrogated the roles of Brahma/SWI2-related gene 1 (BRG1, SMARCA4), the SWI/SNF catalytic subunit, in the endometrial epithelium. BRG1 loss affects more than one-third of all active genes and highly overlaps with the ARID1A gene regulatory network. Chromatin immunoprecipitation studies revealed widespread subunit-specific differences in transcriptional regulation, as BRG1 promoter interactions are associated with gene activation, while ARID1A binding is associated with gene repression. However, we identified a physiologically relevant subset of BRG1 and ARID1A co-regulated epithelial identity genes. Mice were genetically engineered to inactivate BRG1 specifically in the endometrial epithelium. Endometrial glands were observed embedded in uterine myometrium, indicating adenomyosis-like phenotypes. Molecular similarities were observed between BRG1 and ARID1A mutant endometrial cells in vivo, including loss of epithelial cell adhesion and junction genes. Collectively, these studies illustrate overlapping contributions of multiple SWI/SNF subunit mutations in the translocation of endometrium to distal sites, with loss of cell integrity being a common feature in SWI/SNF mutant endometrial epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake J Reske
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Mike R Wilson
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Jeanne Holladay
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Marc Wegener
- Genomics Core Facility, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Marie Adams
- Genomics Core Facility, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Ronald L Chandler
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Grand Rapids Research Center, 400 Monroe NW, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA. Tel: +1 6162340980;
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