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Hsu CY, Li JY, Yang EY, Liao TL, Wen HW, Tsai PC, Ju TC, Lye LF, Nielsen BL, Liu HJ. The Oncolytic Avian Reovirus p17 Protein Inhibits Invadopodia Formation in Murine Melanoma Cancer Cells by Suppressing the FAK/Src Pathway and the Formation of theTKs5/NCK1 Complex. Viruses 2024; 16:1153. [PMID: 39066315 PMCID: PMC11281681 DOI: 10.3390/v16071153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
To explore whether the p17 protein of oncolytic avian reovirus (ARV) mediates cell migration and invadopodia formation, we applied several molecular biological approaches for studying the involved cellular factors and signal pathways. We found that ARV p17 activates the p53/phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) pathway to suppress the focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/Src signaling and downstream signal molecules, thus inhibiting cell migration and the formation of invadopodia in murine melanoma cancer cell line (B16-F10). Importantly, p17-induced formation of invadopodia could be reversed in cells transfected with the mutant PTENC124A. p17 protein was found to significantly reduce the expression levels of tyrosine kinase substrate 5 (TKs5), Rab40b, non-catalytic region of tyrosine kinase adaptor protein 1 (NCK1), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP9), suggesting that TKs5 and Rab40b were transcriptionally downregulated by p17. Furthermore, we found that p17 suppresses the formation of the TKs5/NCK1 complex. Coexpression of TKs5 and Rab40b in B16-F10 cancer cells reversed p17-modulated suppression of the formation of invadopodia. This work provides new insights into p17-modulated suppression of invadopodia formation by activating the p53/PTEN pathway, suppressing the FAK/Src pathway, and inhibiting the formation of the TKs5/NCK1 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yu Hsu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs’ Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435, Taiwan;
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (T.-L.L.); (P.-C.T.)
| | - Jyun-Yi Li
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan (T.-C.J.)
| | - En-Ying Yang
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan (T.-C.J.)
| | - Tsai-Ling Liao
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (T.-L.L.); (P.-C.T.)
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Wei Wen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
| | - Pei-Chien Tsai
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (T.-L.L.); (P.-C.T.)
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Tz-Chuen Ju
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan (T.-C.J.)
| | - Lon-Fye Lye
- Department of Medical Research, Tungs’ Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435, Taiwan;
| | - Brent L. Nielsen
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA;
| | - Hung-Jen Liu
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (T.-L.L.); (P.-C.T.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan (T.-C.J.)
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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2
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Herb M. NADPH Oxidase 3: Beyond the Inner Ear. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:219. [PMID: 38397817 PMCID: PMC10886416 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were formerly known as mere byproducts of metabolism with damaging effects on cellular structures. The discovery and description of NADPH oxidases (Nox) as a whole enzyme family that only produce this harmful group of molecules was surprising. After intensive research, seven Nox isoforms were discovered, described and extensively studied. Among them, the NADPH oxidase 3 is the perhaps most underrated Nox isoform, since it was firstly discovered in the inner ear. This stigma of Nox3 as "being only expressed in the inner ear" was also used by me several times. Therefore, the question arose whether this sentence is still valid or even usable. To this end, this review solely focuses on Nox3 and summarizes its discovery, the structural components, the activating and regulating factors, the expression in cells, tissues and organs, as well as the beneficial and detrimental effects of Nox3-mediated ROS production on body functions. Furthermore, the involvement of Nox3-derived ROS in diseases progression and, accordingly, as a potential target for disease treatment, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Herb
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany;
- German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), 50931 Cologne, Germany
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3
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Xue Y, Xue C, Song W. Emerging roles of deubiquitinating enzymes in actin cytoskeleton and tumor metastasis. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024:10.1007/s13402-024-00923-z. [PMID: 38324230 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-024-00923-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis accounts for the majority of cancer-related deaths. Actin dynamics and actin-based cell migration and invasion are important factors in cancer metastasis. Metastasis is characterized by actin polymerization and depolymerization, which are precisely regulated by molecular changes involving a plethora of actin regulators, including actin-binding proteins (ABPs) and signalling pathways, that enable cancer cell dissemination from the primary tumour. Research on deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) has revealed their vital roles in actin dynamics and actin-based migration and invasion during cancer metastasis. CONCLUSION Here, we review how DUBs drive tumour metastasis by participating in actin rearrangement and actin-based migration and invasion. We summarize the well-characterized and essential actin cytoskeleton signalling molecules related to DUBs, including Rho GTPases, Src kinases, and ABPs such as cofilin and cortactin. Other DUBs that modulate actin-based migration signalling pathways are also discussed. Finally, we discuss and address therapeutic opportunities and ongoing challenges related to DUBs with respect to actin dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xue
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, PR China.
| | - Cong Xue
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, PR China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, PR China.
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Qureshi T, Desale SE, Chidambaram H, Chinnathambi S. Understanding Actin Remodeling in Neuronal Cells Through Podosomes. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2761:257-266. [PMID: 38427242 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3662-6_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Cytoskeletal dysregulation forms an important aspect of many neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. Cytoskeletal functions require the dynamic activity of the cytoskeletal proteins-actin, tubulin, and the associated proteins. One of such important phenomena is that of actin remodeling, which helps the cell to migrate, navigate, and interact with extracellular materials. Podosomes are complex actin-rich cytoskeletal structures, abundant in proteins that interact and degrade the extracellular matrix, enabling cells to displace and migrate. The formation of podosomes requires extensive actin networks and remodeling. Here we present a novel immunofluorescence-based approach to study actin remodeling in neurons through the medium of podosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tazeen Qureshi
- Neurobiology Group, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Institute of National Importance, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Smita Eknath Desale
- Neurobiology Group, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Institute of National Importance, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Hariharakrishnan Chidambaram
- Neurobiology Group, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Institute of National Importance, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Subashchandrabose Chinnathambi
- Neurobiology Group, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Institute of National Importance, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
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Kato K, Miyazawa H, Kawashiri S, Lambert DW. Tumour: Fibroblast Interactions Promote Invadopodia-Mediated Migration and Invasion in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:5277440. [PMID: 36471888 PMCID: PMC9719419 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5277440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In the progression of cancer, interactions between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play important roles. Cancer cell invasion is facilitated by filamentous actin (F-actin)-rich membrane protrusions called invadopodia, and the relationship between CAFs and invadopodia has been unclear. We used oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) to investigate CAFs' effects on the formation of invadopodia, and we assessed the expressions of invadopodia markers and CAF markers ex vivo and their relationship with clinical parameters and survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined the effect of culture with normal oral fibroblast (NOF)-derived and CAF-derived conditioned medium on the migration and invasion of two OSCC-derived cell lines using Transwells in the absence/presence of Matrigel. Immunoblotting and immunocytochemistry were conducted to assess the expressions of the invadopodia markers tyrosine kinase substrate 5 (Tks5) and membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP). We also used immunohistochemistry to examine patients with OSCC for an evaluation of the relationship between the CAF marker alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and the expression of Tks5. The patients' survival was also assessed. RESULTS Compared to the use of culture medium alone, NOF-CM and CAF-CM both significantly increased the OSCC cells' migration and invasion (p < 0.05), and they significantly increased the expressions of both Tks5 and MT1-MMP. After the depletion of Tks5, the OSCC cells' migration and invasion abilities decreased. The expression of Tks5 and that of αSMA were correlated with poor survival, and a high expression of both markers was associated with an especially poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the formation of invadopodia is (i) important for OSCC cells' migration and invasion and (ii) regulated by the interaction of OSCC cells and stromal fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koroku Kato
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, 13-1 Takara Machi, Kanazawa 9208641, Japan
| | - Hiroki Miyazawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, 13-1 Takara Machi, Kanazawa 9208641, Japan
| | - Shuichi Kawashiri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, 13-1 Takara Machi, Kanazawa 9208641, Japan
| | - Daniel W. Lambert
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK
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Abdellatef S, Fakhoury I, Al Haddad M, Jaafar L, Maalouf H, Hanna S, Khalil B, El Masri Z, Hodgson L, El-Sibai M. StarD13 negatively regulates invadopodia formation and invasion in high-grade serous (HGS) ovarian adenocarcinoma cells by inhibiting Cdc42. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151197. [PMID: 34958986 PMCID: PMC8756770 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2021.151197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis remains the main challenge to overcome for treating ovarian cancers. In this study, we investigate the potential role of the Cdc42 GAP StarD13 in the modulation of cell motility, invasion in ovarian cancer cells. StarD13 depletion does not affect the 2D motility of ovarian cancer cells. More importantly, StarD13 inhibits matrix degradation, invadopodia formation and cell invasion through the inhibition of Cdc42. StarD13 does not localize to mature TKS4-labeled invadopodia that possess matrix degradation ability, while a Cdc42 FRET biosensor, detects Cdc42 activation in these invadopodia. In fact, StarD13 localization and Cdc42 activation appear mutually exclusive in invadopodial structures. Finally, for the first time we uncover a potential role of Cdc42 in the direct recruitment of TKS4 to invadopodia. This study emphasizes the specific role of StarD13 as a narrow spatial regulator of Cdc42, inhibiting invasion, suggesting the suitability of StarD13 for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Abdellatef
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Isabelle Fakhoury
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Maria Al Haddad
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Leila Jaafar
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hiba Maalouf
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Samer Hanna
- Department of Pediatrics Hematology/Oncology division, Weill Cornell Medicine, Joan & Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Bassem Khalil
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Zeinab El Masri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Park, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Louis Hodgson
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA,Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Mirvat El-Sibai
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon,Correspondence to: Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, P.O. Box: 13-5053, Chouran 1102 2801, Beirut, Lebanon. (M. El-Sibai)
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7
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Luo J, Zou H, Guo Y, Tong T, Ye L, Zhu C, Deng L, Wang B, Pan Y, Li P. SRC kinase-mediated signaling pathways and targeted therapies in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2022; 24:99. [PMID: 36581908 PMCID: PMC9798727 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-022-01596-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) has been ranked the most common malignant tumor throughout the world and is also a leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women. SRC family kinases (SFKs) belong to the non-receptor tyrosine kinase (nRTK) family, which has eleven members sharing similar structure and function. Among them, SRC is the first identified proto-oncogene in mammalian cells. Oncogenic overexpression or activation of SRC has been revealed to play essential roles in multiple events of BC progression, including tumor initiation, growth, metastasis, drug resistance and stemness regulations. In this review, we will first give an overview of SRC kinase and SRC-relevant functions in various subtypes of BC and then systematically summarize SRC-mediated signaling transductions, with particular emphasis on SRC-mediated substrate phosphorylation in BC. Furthermore, we will discuss the progress of SRC-based targeted therapies in BC and the potential future direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Luo
- grid.511083.e0000 0004 7671 2506Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Hailin Zou
- grid.511083.e0000 0004 7671 2506Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Yibo Guo
- grid.511083.e0000 0004 7671 2506Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Tongyu Tong
- grid.511083.e0000 0004 7671 2506Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107 Guangdong People’s Republic of China ,grid.511083.e0000 0004 7671 2506Department of Urology, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Liping Ye
- grid.511083.e0000 0004 7671 2506Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengming Zhu
- grid.511083.e0000 0004 7671 2506Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Deng
- grid.511083.e0000 0004 7671 2506Department of General Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Wang
- grid.511083.e0000 0004 7671 2506Department of Oncology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Yihang Pan
- grid.511083.e0000 0004 7671 2506Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107 Guangdong People’s Republic of China ,grid.511083.e0000 0004 7671 2506Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Li
- grid.511083.e0000 0004 7671 2506Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107 Guangdong People’s Republic of China ,grid.511083.e0000 0004 7671 2506Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
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Tks5 Regulates Synaptic Podosome Formation and Stabilization of the Postsynaptic Machinery at the Neuromuscular Junction. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222112051. [PMID: 34769479 PMCID: PMC8585010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the etiology of many neuromuscular disorders remains unknown. Many of them are characterized by aberrations in the maturation of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) postsynaptic machinery. Unfortunately, the molecular factors involved in this process are still largely unknown, which poses a great challenge for identifying potential therapeutic targets. Here, we identified Tks5 as a novel interactor of αdystrobrevin-1, which is a crucial component of the NMJ postsynaptic machinery. Tks5 has been previously shown in cancer cells to be an important regulator of actin-rich structures known as invadosomes. However, a role of this scaffold protein at a synapse has never been studied. We show that Tks5 is crucial for remodeling of the NMJ postsynaptic machinery by regulating the organization of structures similar to the invadosomes, known as synaptic podosomes. Additionally, it is involved in the maintenance of the integrity of acetylcholine receptor (AChR) clusters and regulation of their turnover. Lastly, our data indicate that these Tks5 functions may be mediated by its involvement in recruitment of actin filaments to the postsynaptic machinery. Collectively, we show for the first time that the Tks5 protein is involved in regulation of the postsynaptic machinery.
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Hülsemann M, Sanchez C, Verkhusha PV, Des Marais V, Mao SPH, Donnelly SK, Segall JE, Hodgson L. TC10 regulates breast cancer invasion and metastasis by controlling membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase at invadopodia. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1091. [PMID: 34531530 PMCID: PMC8445963 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02583-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
During breast cancer metastasis, cancer cell invasion is driven by actin-rich protrusions called invadopodia, which mediate the extracellular matrix degradation required for the success of the invasive cascade. In this study, we demonstrate that TC10, a member of a Cdc42 subfamily of p21 small GTPases, regulates the membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP)-driven extracellular matrix degradation at invadopodia. We show that TC10 is required for the plasma membrane surface exposure of MT1-MMP at these structures. By utilizing our Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor, we demonstrate the p190RhoGAP-dependent regulation of spatiotemporal TC10 activity at invadopodia. We identified a pathway that regulates invadopodia-associated TC10 activity and function through the activation of p190RhoGAP and the downstream interacting effector Exo70. Our findings reveal the role of a previously unknown regulator of vesicular fusion at invadopodia, TC10 GTPase, in breast cancer invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Hülsemann
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Colline Sanchez
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Polina V Verkhusha
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Vera Des Marais
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Analytical Imaging Facility, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Serena P H Mao
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Sara K Donnelly
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Segall
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Louis Hodgson
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
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10
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Ghilardi SJ, Aronson MS, Sgro AE. Ventral stress fibers induce plasma membrane deformation in human fibroblasts. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:1707-1723. [PMID: 34191528 PMCID: PMC8684729 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e21-03-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between the actin cytoskeleton and the plasma membrane are important in many eukaryotic cellular processes. During these processes, actin structures deform the cell membrane outward by applying forces parallel to the fiber's major axis (as in migration) or they deform the membrane inward by applying forces perpendicular to the fiber's major axis (as in the contractile ring during cytokinesis). Here we describe a novel actin-membrane interaction in human dermal myofibroblasts. When labeled with a cytosolic fluorophore, the myofibroblasts displayed prominent fluorescent structures on the ventral side of the cell. These structures are present in the cell membrane and colocalize with ventral actin stress fibers, suggesting that the stress fibers bend the membrane to form a "cytosolic pocket" that the fluorophores diffuse into, creating the observed structures. The existence of this pocket was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. While dissolving the stress fibers, inhibiting fiber protein binding, or inhibiting myosin II binding of actin removed the observed pockets, modulating cellular contractility did not remove them. Taken together, our results illustrate a novel actin-membrane bending topology where the membrane is deformed outward rather than being pinched inward, resembling the topological inverse of the contractile ring found in cytokinesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J. Ghilardi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Biological Design Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Mark S. Aronson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Biological Design Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Allyson E. Sgro
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Biological Design Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
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11
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Bi X, Lou P, Song Y, Sheng X, Liu R, Deng M, Yang X, Li G, Yuan S, Zhang H, Jiao B, Zhang B, Xue L, Liu Z, Plikus MV, Ren F, Gao S, Zhao L, Yu Z. Msi1 promotes breast cancer metastasis by regulating invadopodia-mediated extracellular matrix degradation via the Timp3-Mmp9 pathway. Oncogene 2021; 40:4832-4845. [PMID: 34155343 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01873-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the main cause of death in breast cancer patients. The initial step of metastasis is invadopodia-mediated extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, which enables local breast tumor cells to invade surrounding tissues. However, the molecular mechanism underlying invadopodia-mediated metastasis remains largely unknown. Here we found that the RNA-binding protein Musashi1 (Msi1) exhibited elevated expression in invasive breast tumors and promoted lung metastasis of mammary cancer cells. Suppression of Msi1 reduced invadopodia formation in mammary cancer cells. Furthermore, Msi1 deficiency decreased the expression and activity of Mmp9, an important enzyme in ECM degradation. Mechanistically, Msi1 directly suppressed Timp3, an endogenous inhibitor of Mmp9. In clinical breast cancer specimens, TIMP3 and MSI1 levels were significantly inversely correlated both in normal breast tissue and breast cancer tissues and associated with overall survival in breast cancer patients. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that the MSI1-TIMP3-MMP9 cascade is critical for invadopodia-mediated onset of metastasis in breast cancer, providing novel insights into a promising therapeutic strategy for breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyun Bi
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengbo Lou
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongli Song
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock and Research Center for Animal Genetic Resources of Mongolia Plateau College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiaole Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Deng
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guilin Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shukai Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Honglei Zhang
- Center for Scientific Research, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Baowei Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lixiang Xue
- Medical Research Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Maksim V Plikus
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Fazheng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Food Sciences and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Zhengquan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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12
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Datta A, Deng S, Gopal V, Yap KCH, Halim CE, Lye ML, Ong MS, Tan TZ, Sethi G, Hooi SC, Kumar AP, Yap CT. Cytoskeletal Dynamics in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition: Insights into Therapeutic Targets for Cancer Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1882. [PMID: 33919917 PMCID: PMC8070945 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In cancer cells, a vital cellular process during metastasis is the transformation of epithelial cells towards motile mesenchymal cells called the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). The cytoskeleton is an active network of three intracellular filaments: actin cytoskeleton, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. These filaments play a central role in the structural design and cell behavior and are necessary for EMT. During EMT, epithelial cells undergo a cellular transformation as manifested by cell elongation, migration, and invasion, coordinated by actin cytoskeleton reorganization. The actin cytoskeleton is an extremely dynamic structure, controlled by a balance of assembly and disassembly of actin filaments. Actin-binding proteins regulate the process of actin polymerization and depolymerization. Microtubule reorganization also plays an important role in cell migration and polarization. Intermediate filaments are rearranged, switching to a vimentin-rich network, and this protein is used as a marker for a mesenchymal cell. Hence, targeting EMT by regulating the activities of their key components may be a potential solution to metastasis. This review summarizes the research done on the physiological functions of the cytoskeleton, its role in the EMT process, and its effect on multidrug-resistant (MDR) cancer cells-highlight some future perspectives in cancer therapy by targeting cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Datta
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (A.D.); (S.D.); (V.G.); (K.C.-H.Y.); (C.E.H.); (M.L.L.); (M.S.O.); (S.C.H.)
| | - Shuo Deng
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (A.D.); (S.D.); (V.G.); (K.C.-H.Y.); (C.E.H.); (M.L.L.); (M.S.O.); (S.C.H.)
| | - Vennila Gopal
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (A.D.); (S.D.); (V.G.); (K.C.-H.Y.); (C.E.H.); (M.L.L.); (M.S.O.); (S.C.H.)
| | - Kenneth Chun-Hong Yap
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (A.D.); (S.D.); (V.G.); (K.C.-H.Y.); (C.E.H.); (M.L.L.); (M.S.O.); (S.C.H.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore;
| | - Clarissa Esmeralda Halim
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (A.D.); (S.D.); (V.G.); (K.C.-H.Y.); (C.E.H.); (M.L.L.); (M.S.O.); (S.C.H.)
| | - Mun Leng Lye
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (A.D.); (S.D.); (V.G.); (K.C.-H.Y.); (C.E.H.); (M.L.L.); (M.S.O.); (S.C.H.)
| | - Mei Shan Ong
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (A.D.); (S.D.); (V.G.); (K.C.-H.Y.); (C.E.H.); (M.L.L.); (M.S.O.); (S.C.H.)
| | - Tuan Zea Tan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore;
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore;
- Cancer Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore
| | - Shing Chuan Hooi
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (A.D.); (S.D.); (V.G.); (K.C.-H.Y.); (C.E.H.); (M.L.L.); (M.S.O.); (S.C.H.)
- Cancer Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore;
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore;
- Cancer Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore
- National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Celestial T. Yap
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (A.D.); (S.D.); (V.G.); (K.C.-H.Y.); (C.E.H.); (M.L.L.); (M.S.O.); (S.C.H.)
- Cancer Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore
- National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore 119074, Singapore
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13
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CD44 and Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles (TEVs). Possible Gateway to Cancer Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031463. [PMID: 33540535 PMCID: PMC7867195 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastasis, the final stage of tumor progression, is a complex process governed by the interplay of multiple types of cells and the tumor microenvironment. One of the aspects of this interplay involves the release of various factors by the tumor cells alone or by forcing other cells to do so. As a consequence of these actions, tumor cells are prepared in favorable conditions for their dissemination and spread to other sites/organs, which guarantees their escape from immunosurveillance and further progression. Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (TEVs) represent a heterogeneous population of membrane-bound vesicles that are being actively released by different tumors. The array of proteins (i.e., receptors, cytokines, chemokines, etc.) and nucleic acids (i.e., mRNA, miR, etc.) that TEVs can transfer to other cells is often considered beneficial for the tumor’s survival and proliferation. One of the proteins that is associated with many different tumors as well as their TEVs is a cluster of differentiation 44 in its standard (CD44s) and variant (CD44v) form. This review covers the present information regarding the TEVs-mediated CD44s/CD44v transfer/interaction in the context of cancer metastasis. The content and the impact of the transferred cargo by this type of TEVs also are discussed with regards to tumor cell dissemination.
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14
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Jaafar L, Fakhoury I, Saab S, El-Hajjar L, Abou-Kheir W, El-Sibai M. StarD13 differentially regulates migration and invasion in prostate cancer cells. Hum Cell 2021; 34:607-623. [PMID: 33420961 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-020-00479-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in men and one of the main leading causes of cancer deaths among men worldwide. Rapid uncontrolled growth and the ability to metastasize to other sites are key hallmarks in cancer development and progression. The Rho family of GTPases and its activators the GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) are required for regulating cancer cell proliferation and migration. StarD13 is a GAP for Rho GTPases, specifically for RhoA and Cdc42. We have previously shown that StarD13 acts as a tumor suppressor in astrocytoma as well as breast and colorectal cancer. In this study, we performed a functional comparative analysis of StarD13 targets/and or interacting molecules to understand the general role that StarD13 plays in cancers. Our data highlight the importance of StarD13 in modulating several hallmarks of cancer. Findings from database mining and immunohistochemistry revealed that StarD13 is underexpressed in prostate cancers, in addition knocking down Stard13 increased cancer cell proliferation, consistent with its role as a tumor suppressor. Stard13 depletion, however, led to an increase in cell adhesion, which inhibited 2D cell migration. Most interestingly, StarD13 depletion increases invasion and matrix degradation, at least in part, through its regulation of Cdc42. Altogether, the data presented suggest that StarD13 acts as a tumor suppressor inhibiting prostate cancer cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Jaafar
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Chouran, P.O. Box 13-5053, Beirut, 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Isabelle Fakhoury
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Chouran, P.O. Box 13-5053, Beirut, 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Saab
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Chouran, P.O. Box 13-5053, Beirut, 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Layal El-Hajjar
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Wassim Abou-Kheir
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mirvat El-Sibai
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Chouran, P.O. Box 13-5053, Beirut, 1102 2801, Lebanon.
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15
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Ros M, Nguyen AT, Chia J, Le Tran S, Le Guezennec X, McDowall R, Vakhrushev S, Clausen H, Humphries MJ, Saltel F, Bard FA. ER-resident oxidoreductases are glycosylated and trafficked to the cell surface to promote matrix degradation by tumour cells. Nat Cell Biol 2020; 22:1371-1381. [PMID: 33077910 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-020-00590-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tumour growth and invasiveness require extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and are stimulated by the GALA pathway, which induces protein O-glycosylation in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). ECM degradation requires metalloproteases, but whether other enzymes are required is unclear. Here, we show that GALA induces the glycosylation of the ER-resident calnexin (Cnx) in breast and liver cancer. Glycosylated Cnx and its partner ERp57 are trafficked to invadosomes, which are sites of ECM degradation. We find that disulfide bridges are abundant in connective and liver ECM. Cell surface Cnx-ERp57 complexes reduce these extracellular disulfide bonds and are essential for ECM degradation. In vivo, liver cancer cells but not hepatocytes display cell surface Cnx. Liver tumour growth and lung metastasis of breast and liver cancer cells are inhibited by anti-Cnx antibodies. These findings uncover a moonlighting function of Cnx-ERp57 at the cell surface that is essential for ECM breakdown and tumour development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Ros
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Proteos, Singapore
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BaRITOn, U1053, F-33000 Bordeaux, France, Bordeaux, France
| | - Anh Tuan Nguyen
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Proteos, Singapore
| | - Joanne Chia
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Proteos, Singapore
| | - Son Le Tran
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Proteos, Singapore
| | | | - Ruth McDowall
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Proteos, Singapore
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sergey Vakhrushev
- Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Clausen
- Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin James Humphries
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Frederic Saltel
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BaRITOn, U1053, F-33000 Bordeaux, France, Bordeaux, France
| | - Frederic André Bard
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Proteos, Singapore.
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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16
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RET isoforms contribute differentially to invasive processes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Oncogene 2020; 39:6493-6510. [PMID: 32884116 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01448-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a therapeutically challenging disease with poor survival rates, owing to late diagnosis and early dissemination. These tumors frequently undergo perineural invasion, spreading along nerves regionally and to distant sites. The RET receptor tyrosine kinase is implicated in increased aggressiveness, local invasion, and metastasis in multiple cancers, including PDAC. RET mediates directional motility and invasion towards sources of its neurotrophic factor ligands, suggesting that it may enhance perineural invasion of tumor cells towards nerves. RET is expressed as two main isoforms, RET9 and RET51, which differ in their protein interactions and oncogenic potentials, however, the contributions of RET isoforms to neural invasion have not been investigated. In this study, we generated total RET and isoform-specific knockdown PDAC cell lines and assessed the contributions of RET isoforms to PDAC invasive spread. Our data show that RET activity induces cell polarization and actin remodeling through activation of CDC42 and RHOA GTPases to promote directional motility in PDAC cells. Further, we show that RET interacts with the adaptor protein TKS5 to induce invadopodia formation, enhance matrix degradation and promote tumor cell invasion through a SRC and GRB2-dependent mechanism. Finally, we show that RET51 is the predominant isoform contributing to these RET-mediated invasive processes in PDAC. Together, our work suggests that RET expression in pancreatic cancers may enhance tumor aggressiveness by promoting perineural invasion, and that RET expression may be a valuable marker of invasiveness, and a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of these cancers.
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17
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Augoff K, Hryniewicz-Jankowska A, Tabola R. Invadopodia: clearing the way for cancer cell invasion. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:902. [PMID: 32793746 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.02.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The invasive nature of many cancer cells involves the formation of F-actin-based, lipid-raft-enriched membrane protrusions known as invadopodia or, more broadly, invadosomes. Invadopodia are specialized adhesive structures arising from ventral cell surface within cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) contacts and concentrate high proteolytic activities that allow cells to overcome the dense scaffold of local microenvironment, comprising a natural barrier to cell spreading. This degradative activity distinguishes invadopodia from other adhesive structures like focal adhesions, lamellipodia or filopodia, and is believed to drive cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Augoff
- Department of Surgical Education, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Renata Tabola
- Second Department and Clinic of General and Oncological Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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18
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Kiepas A, Voorand E, Senecal J, Ahn R, Annis MG, Jacquet K, Tali G, Bisson N, Ursini-Siegel J, Siegel PM, Brown CM. The SHCA adapter protein cooperates with lipoma-preferred partner in the regulation of adhesion dynamics and invadopodia formation. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:10535-10559. [PMID: 32299913 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
SHC adaptor protein (SHCA) and lipoma-preferred partner (LPP) mediate transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)-induced breast cancer cell migration and invasion. Reduced expression of either protein diminishes breast cancer lung metastasis, but the reason for this effect is unclear. Here, using total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy, we found that TGFβ enhanced the assembly and disassembly rates of paxillin-containing adhesions in an SHCA-dependent manner through the phosphorylation of the specific SHCA tyrosine residues Tyr-239, Tyr-240, and Tyr-313. Using a BioID proximity labeling approach, we show that SHCA exists in a complex with a variety of actin cytoskeletal proteins, including paxillin and LPP. Consistent with a functional interaction between SHCA and LPP, TGFβ-induced LPP localization to cellular adhesions depended on SHCA. Once localized to the adhesions, LPP was required for TGFβ-induced increases in cell migration and adhesion dynamics. Mutations that impaired LPP localization to adhesions (mLIM1) or impeded interactions with the actin cytoskeleton via α-actinin (ΔABD) abrogated migratory responses to TGFβ. Live-cell TIRF microscopy revealed that SHCA clustering at the cell membrane preceded LPP recruitment. We therefore hypothesize that, in the presence of TGFβ, SHCA promotes the formation of small, dynamic adhesions by acting as a nucleator of focal complex formation. Finally, we defined a previously unknown function for SHCA in the formation of invadopodia, a process that also required LPP. Our results reveal that SHCA controls the formation and function of adhesions and invadopodia, two key cellular structures required for breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Kiepas
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Québec, Canada.,Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1A3, Québec, Canada
| | - Elena Voorand
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1A3, Québec, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Québec, Canada
| | - Julien Senecal
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1A3, Québec, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal H4A 3J1, Québec, Canada
| | - Ryuhjin Ahn
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal H4A 3J1, Québec, Canada.,Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montréal, Québec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Matthew G Annis
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1A3, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Québec, Canada
| | - Kévin Jacquet
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1R 2J6, Canada
| | - George Tali
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Québec, Canada
| | - Nicolas Bisson
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1R 2J6, Canada.,PROTEO Network and Cancer Research Centre, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Josie Ursini-Siegel
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Québec, Canada.,Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montréal, Québec H3T 1E2, Canada.,Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal H4A 3T2, Québec, Canada
| | - Peter M Siegel
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1A3, Québec, Canada .,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Québec, Canada
| | - Claire M Brown
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Québec, Canada .,Advanced BioImaging Facility (ABIF), McGill University, Montréal H3G 0B1, Québec, Canada
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19
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Chaki SP, Barhoumi R, Rivera GM. Nck adapter proteins promote podosome biogenesis facilitating extracellular matrix degradation and cancer invasion. Cancer Med 2019; 8:7385-7398. [PMID: 31638742 PMCID: PMC6885876 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Podosomes are membrane‐bound adhesive structures formed by actin remodeling. They are capable of extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, which is a prerequisite for cancer cell invasion and metastasis. The signaling mechanism of podosome formation is still unknown in cancer. We previously reported that Nck adaptors regulate directional cell migration and endothelial lumen formation by actin remodeling, while deficiency of Nck reduces cancer metastasis. This study evaluated the role of Nck adaptors in podosome biogenesis and cancer invasion. Methods This study was conducted in vitro using both healthy cells (Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell, 3T3 fibroblasts) and cancer cells (prostate cancer cell line; PC3, breast cancer cell line; MDA‐MB‐231). Confocal and TIRF imaging of cells expressing Green Fluorescence Protein (GFP) mutant under altered levels of Nck or downstream of kinase 1 (Dok1) was used to evaluate the podosome formation and fluorescent gelatin matrix degradation. Levels of Nck in human breast carcinoma tissue sections were detected by immune histochemistry using Nck polyclonal antibody. Biochemical interaction of Nck/Dok1 was detected in podosome forming cells using immune precipitation and far‐western blotting. Results This study demonstrates that ectopic expression of Nck1 and Nck2 can induce the endothelial podosome formation in vitro. Nck silencing by short‐hairpin RNA blocked podosome biogenesis and ECM degradation in cSrc‐Y530F transformed endothelial cells in this study. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the Nck overexpression in human breast carcinoma tissue sections. Immunoprecipitation and far‐western blotting revealed the biochemical interaction of Nck/p62Dok in podosome forming cells. Conclusions Nck adaptors in interaction with Dok1 induce podosome biogenesis and ECM degradation facilitating cancer cell invasion, and therefore a bona fide target of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankar P Chaki
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Rola Barhoumi
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Gonzalo M Rivera
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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20
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Caires-Dos-Santos L, da Silva SV, Smuczek B, de Siqueira AS, Cruz KSP, Barbuto JAM, Augusto TM, Freitas VM, Carvalho HF, Jaeger RG. Laminin-derived peptide C16 regulates Tks expression and reactive oxygen species generation in human prostate cancer cells. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:587-598. [PMID: 31254281 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Laminin peptides influence cancer biology. We investigated the role of a laminin-derived peptide C16 regulating invadopodia molecules in human prostate cancer cells (DU145). C16 augmented invadopodia activity of DU145 cells, and stimulated expression Tks4, Tks5, cortactin, and membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase 1. Reactive oxygen species generation is also related to invadopodia formation. This prompted us to address whether C16 would induce reactive oxygen species generation in DU145 cells. Quantitative fluorescence and flow cytometry showed that the peptide C16 increased reactive oxygen species in DU145 cells. Furthermore, significant colocalization between Tks5 and reactive oxygen species was observed in C16-treated cells. Results suggested that the peptide C16 increased Tks5 and reactive oxygen species in prostate cancer cells. The role of C16 increasing Tks and reactive oxygen species are novel findings on invadopodia activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Caires-Dos-Santos
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Suély V da Silva
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Basilio Smuczek
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Department of Biology, UNICENTRO State University, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
| | - Adriane S de Siqueira
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,School of Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Karen S P Cruz
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Health and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, AL, Brazil.,Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, AL, Brazil
| | - José Alexandre M Barbuto
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Taize M Augusto
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.,Department of Morphology and Basic Pathology, School of Medicine of Jundiai, Jundiai, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa M Freitas
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Ruy G Jaeger
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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21
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Revach OY, Sandler O, Samuels Y, Geiger B. Cross-Talk between Receptor Tyrosine Kinases AXL and ERBB3 Regulates Invadopodia Formation in Melanoma Cells. Cancer Res 2019; 79:2634-2648. [PMID: 30914429 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-2316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The invasive phenotype of metastatic cancer cells is accompanied by the formation of actin-rich invadopodia, which adhere to the extracellular matrix and degrade it. In this study, we explored the role of the tyrosine kinome in the formation of invadopodia in metastatic melanoma cells. Using a microscopy-based siRNA screen, we identified a series of regulators, the knockdown of which either suppresses (e.g., TYK2, IGFR1, ERBB3, TYRO3, FES, ALK, PTK7) or enhances (e.g., ABL2, AXL, CSK) invadopodia formation and function. Notably, the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL displayed a dual regulatory function, where both depletion or overexpression enhanced invadopodia formation and activity. This apparent contradiction was attributed to the capacity of AXL to directly stimulate invadopodia, yet its suppression upregulates the ERBB3 signaling pathway, which can also activate core invadopodia regulators and enhance invadopodia function. Bioinformatic analysis of multiple melanoma cell lines points to an inverse expression pattern of AXL and ERBB3. High expression of AXL in melanoma cells is associated with high expression of invadopodia components and an invasive phenotype. These results provide new insights into the complexity of metastasis-promoting mechanisms and suggest that targeting of multiple invadopodia signaling networks may serve as a potential anti-invasion therapy in melanoma. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings uncover a unique interplay between AXL and ERBB3 in invadopodia regulation that points to the need for combined therapy in order to prevent invadopodia-mediated metastasis in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Or-Yam Revach
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Oded Sandler
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yardena Samuels
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Benjamin Geiger
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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22
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HIF-1α, NOTCH1, ADAM12, and HB-EGF are overexpressed in mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2018; 127:e8-e17. [PMID: 30415904 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intratumoral hypoxia (IH) occurs during cellular proliferation of malignant tumors. This phenomenon is characterized by a decrease in oxygen levels in the neoplastic microenvironment. Throughout this condition, the proteins HIF-1α, NOTCH1, ADAM12, and HB-EGF can be activated, triggering signaling pathways associated with tumor invasiveness through invadopodia formation. This study aimed to evaluate the immunostaining of HIF-1α, NOTCH1, ADAM12, and HBEGF in 19 cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) and 10 samples of salivary glands (control group). STUDY DESIGN The immunoperoxidase technique was employed to detect the proteins of interest. The Student t test was used to compare immunoexpression between MEC samples and the control group. RESULTS Protein immunostaining was statistically significantly higher in MEC samples than in the control group (P < .01), and the proteins were especially overexpressed in epidermoid cells of MEC. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that there is an association between the NOTCH1 signaling pathway activated by IH and the biologic behavior of MEC.
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23
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Goertzen C, Mahdi H, Laliberte C, Meirson T, Eymael D, Gil-Henn H, Magalhaes M. Oral inflammation promotes oral squamous cell carcinoma invasion. Oncotarget 2018; 9:29047-29063. [PMID: 30018735 PMCID: PMC6044370 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represents 95% of oral malignancies and invasion, and metastasis underlies disease morbidity and mortality. We recently established a direct link between oral inflammation and cancer invasion by showing that neutrophils increase OSCC invasion through a tumor necrosis factor (TNFα)-dependent mechanism. The objective of this study was to characterize OSCC-associated inflammation and to determine the molecular mechanisms underlying inflammation-mediated OSCC invasion. Our results showed a significant increase in neutrophil infiltration, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in the OSCC microenvironment and increased inflammatory markers, particularly TNFα in saliva. We performed next-generation sequencing of the TNFα-treated OSCC cells and showed marked overexpression of over 180 genes distributed among clusters related to neutrophil recruitment, invasion, and invadopodia. At the molecular level, TNFα treatment increased phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-mediated invadopodia formation and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-dependent invasion. We show here that TNFα promotes a pro-inflammatory and pro-invasion phenotype leading to the recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells in a paracrine mechanism. Increased TNFα in the tumor microenvironment tips the balance towards invasion leading to decreased overall survival and disease-free survival. This represents a significant advancement of oral cancer research and will support new treatment approaches to control OSCC invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Goertzen
- Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hayder Mahdi
- Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Catherine Laliberte
- Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tomer Meirson
- Cell Migration and Invasion Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Denise Eymael
- Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hava Gil-Henn
- Cell Migration and Invasion Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Marco Magalhaes
- Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
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24
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Moodley S, Derouet M, Bai XH, Xu F, Kapus A, Yang BB, Liu M. Stimulus-dependent dissociation between XB130 and Tks5 scaffold proteins promotes airway epithelial cell migration. Oncotarget 2018; 7:76437-76452. [PMID: 27835612 PMCID: PMC5363521 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Repair of airway epithelium after injury requires migration of neighboring epithelial cells to injured areas. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating airway epithelial cell migration is not well defined. We have previously shown that XB130, a scaffold protein, is required for airway epithelial repair and regeneration in vivo, and interaction between XB130 and another scaffold protein, Tks5, regulates cell proliferation and survival in human bronchial epithelial cells. The objective of the present study was to determine the role of XB130 and Tks5 interaction in airway epithelial cell migration. Interestingly, we found that XB130 only promotes lateral cell migration, whereas, Tks5 promotes cell migration/invasion via proteolysis of extracellular matrix. Upon stimulation with EGF, PKC activator phorbol 12, 13-dibutyrate or a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ligand, XB130 and Tks5 translocated to the cell membrane in a stimulus-dependent manner. The translocation and distribution of XB130 is similar to lamellipodial marker, WAVE2; whereas Tks5 is similar to podosome marker, N-WASP. Over-expression of XB130 or Tks5 alone enhances cell migration, whereas co-expression of both XB130 and Tks5 inhibits cell migration processes and signaling. Furthermore, XB130 interacts with Rac1 whereas Tks5 interacts with Cdc42 to promote Rho GTPase activity. Our results suggest that dissociation between XB130 and Tks5 may facilitate lateral cell migration via XB130/Rac1, and vertical cell migration via Tks5/Cdc42. These molecular mechanisms will help our understanding of airway epithelial repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serisha Moodley
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mathieu Derouet
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Xiao Hui Bai
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Feng Xu
- Advanced Optical Microscopy Facility, UHN, Toronto, Canada
| | - Andras Kapus
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Burton B Yang
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
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25
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Iizuka S, Abdullah C, Buschman MD, Diaz B, Courtneidge SA. The role of Tks adaptor proteins in invadopodia formation, growth and metastasis of melanoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:78473-78486. [PMID: 27802184 PMCID: PMC5346654 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic cancer cells are characterized by their ability to degrade and invade through extracellular matrix. We previously showed that the Tks adaptor proteins, Tks4 and Tks5, are required for invadopodia formation and/or function in Src-transformed fibroblasts and a number of human cancer cell types. In this study, we investigated the role of Tks adaptor proteins in melanoma cell invasion and metastasis. Knockdown of either Tks4 or Tks5 in both mouse and human melanoma cell lines resulted in a decreased ability to form invadopodia and degrade extracellular matrix. In addition, Tks-knockdown melanoma cells had decreased proliferation in a 3-dimensional type l collagen matrix, but not in 2-dimensional culture conditions. We also investigated the role of Tks proteins in melanoma progression in vivo using xenografts and experimental metastasis assays. Consistent with our in vitro results, reduction of Tks proteins markedly reduced subcutaneous melanoma growth as well as metastatic growth in the lung. We explored the clinical relevance of Tks protein expression in human melanoma specimens using a tissue microarray. Compared to non-malignant nevi, both Tks proteins were highly expressed in melanoma tissues. Moreover, metastatic melanoma cases showed higher expression of Tks5 than primary melanoma cases. Taken together, these findings suggest the importance of Tks adaptor proteins in melanoma growth and metastasis in vivo, likely via functional invadopodia formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Iizuka
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Christopher Abdullah
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Matthew D Buschman
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Begoña Diaz
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Sara A Courtneidge
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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26
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Gorai S, Paul D, Borah R, Haloi N, Santra MK, Manna D. Role of Cationic Groove and Hydrophobic Residues in Phosphatidylinositol-Dependent Membrane-Binding Properties of Tks5-Phox Homology Domain. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201702558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sukhamoy Gorai
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati; Guwahati - 781039, Assam India
| | - Debasish Paul
- National Centre for Cell Science; Pune 411007, Maharashtra India
| | - Rituparna Borah
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati; Guwahati - 781039, Assam India
| | - Nandan Haloi
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati; Guwahati - 781039, Assam India
| | | | - Debasis Manna
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati; Guwahati - 781039, Assam India
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27
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Abstract
Tyrosine kinase substrate (Tks) adaptor proteins are considered important regulators of various physiological and/or pathological processes, particularly cell migration and invasion, and cancer progression. These proteins contain PX and SH3 domains, and act as scaffolds, bringing membrane and cellular components in close proximity in structures known as invadopodia or podosomes. Tks proteins, analogous to the related proteins p47phox, p40phox and NoxO1, also facilitate local generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which aid in signaling at invadopodia and/or podosomes to promote their activity. As their name suggests, Tks adaptor proteins are substrates for tyrosine kinases, especially Src. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and accompanying poster, we discuss the known structural and functional aspects of Tks adaptor proteins. As the science of Tks proteins is evolving, this article will point out where we stand and what still needs to be explored. We also underscore pathological conditions involving these proteins, providing a basis for future research to develop therapies for treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Saini
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Sara A Courtneidge
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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28
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Eckert MA, Santiago-Medina M, Lwin TM, Kim J, Courtneidge SA, Yang J. ADAM12 induction by Twist1 promotes tumor invasion and metastasis via regulation of invadopodia and focal adhesions. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:2036-2048. [PMID: 28468988 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.198200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Twist1 transcription factor promotes tumor invasion and metastasis by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and invadopodia-mediated extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. The critical transcription targets of Twist1 for mediating these events remain to be uncovered. Here, we report that Twist1 strongly induces expression of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 12 (ADAM12). We observed that the expression levels of Twist1 mRNA and ADAM12 mRNA are tightly correlated in human breast tumors. Knocking down ADAM12 blocked cell invasion in a 3D mammary organoid culture. Suppression of ADAM12 also inhibited Twist1-induced tumor invasion and metastasis in human breast tumor xenografts, without affecting primary tumor formation. Mechanistically, knockdown of ADAM12 in breast cancer cells significantly reduced invadopodia formation and matrix degradation, and simultaneously increased overall cell adhesion to the ECM. Live-imaging analysis showed that knockdown of ADAM12 significantly inhibited focal adhesion turnover. Mechanistically, both the disintegrin and metalloproteinase domains of ADAM12 are required for its function at invadopodia, whereas the metalloproteinase domain is dispensable for its function at focal adhesions. Taken together, these data suggest that ADAM12 plays a crucial role in tumor invasion and metastasis by regulating both invadopodia and focal adhesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Eckert
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0819, USA.,The Molecular Pathology Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0819, USA
| | - Miguel Santiago-Medina
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0819, USA
| | - Thinzar M Lwin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0819, USA
| | - Jihoon Kim
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, University of California, San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0819, USA
| | - Sara A Courtneidge
- Departments of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, 2730 SW Moody Avenue, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0819, USA .,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0819, USA
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29
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Gourlay J, Morokoff A, Luwor R, Zhu HJ, Kaye A, Stylli S. The emergent role of exosomes in glioma. J Clin Neurosci 2017; 35:13-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2016.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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30
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Jacob A, Linklater E, Bayless BA, Lyons T, Prekeris R. The role and regulation of Rab40b-Tks5 complex during invadopodia formation and cancer cell invasion. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:4341-4353. [PMID: 27789576 PMCID: PMC5201011 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.193904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Invadopodia formation and extracellular matrix degradation are key events during cancer cell invasion, yet little is known about mechanisms mediating these processes. Here, we report that Rab40b plays a key role in mediating invadopodia function during breast cancer cell invasion. We also identify Tks5 (also known as SH3PXD2A), a known Src kinase substrate, as a new Rab40b effector protein and show that Tks5 functions as a tether that mediates Rab40b-dependent targeting of transport vesicles containing MMP2 and MMP9 to the extending invadopodia. Importantly, we also demonstrate that Rab40b and Tks5 levels are regulated by known tumor suppressor microRNA miR-204. This is the first study that identifies a new Rab40b–Tks5- and miR-204-dependent invadopodia transport pathway that regulates MMP2 and MMP9 secretion, and extracellular matrix remodeling during cancer progression. Highlighted Article: Rab40b plays a key role in mediating invadopodia function during breast cancer cell invasion by binding to Tks5 and functioning as a tether mediating MMP2 and MMP9 targeting to the extending invadopodia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abitha Jacob
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Erik Linklater
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Brian A Bayless
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Traci Lyons
- Department of Medicine/Division of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Rytis Prekeris
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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31
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Sundararajan V, Gengenbacher N, Stemmler MP, Kleemann JA, Brabletz T, Brabletz S. The ZEB1/miR-200c feedback loop regulates invasion via actin interacting proteins MYLK and TKS5. Oncotarget 2016; 6:27083-96. [PMID: 26334100 PMCID: PMC4694975 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a developmental process which is aberrantly activated during cancer invasion and metastasis. Elevated expression of EMT-inducers like ZEB1 enables tumor cells to detach from the primary tumor and invade into the surrounding tissue. The main antagonist of ZEB1 in controlling EMT is the microRNA-200 family that is reciprocally linked to ZEB1 in a double negative feedback loop. Here, we further elucidate how the ZEB1/miR-200 feedback loop controls invasion of tumor cells. The process of EMT is attended by major changes in the actin cytoskeleton. Via in silico screening of genes encoding for actin interacting proteins, we identified two novel targets of miR-200c - TKS5 and MYLK (MLCK). Co-expression of both genes with ZEB1 was observed in several cancer cell lines as well as in breast cancer patients and correlated with low miR-200c levels. Depletion of TKS5 or MYLK in breast cancer cells reduced their invasive potential and their ability to form invadopodia. Whereas TKS5 is known to be a major component, we could identify MYLK as a novel player in invadopodia formation. In summary, TKS5 and MYLK represent two mediators of invasive behavior of cancer cells that are regulated by the ZEB1/miR-200 feedback loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Sundararajan
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nicolas Gengenbacher
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc P Stemmler
- Department of Experimental Medicine I, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center for Molecular Medicine, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julia A Kleemann
- Department of Experimental Medicine I, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center for Molecular Medicine, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Brabletz
- Department of Experimental Medicine I, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center for Molecular Medicine, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Simone Brabletz
- Department of Experimental Medicine I, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center for Molecular Medicine, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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32
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Significance of kinase activity in the dynamic invadosome. Eur J Cell Biol 2016; 95:483-492. [PMID: 27465307 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Invadosomes are actin rich protrusive structures that facilitate invasive migration in multiple cell types. Comprised of invadopodia and podosomes, these highly dynamic structures adhere to and degrade the extracellular matrix, and are also thought to play a role in mechanosensing. Many extracellular signals have been implicated in invadosome stimulation, activating complex signalling cascades to drive the formation, activity and turnover of invadosomes. While the structural components of invadosomes have been well studied, the regulation of invadosome dynamics is still poorly understood. Protein kinases are essential to this regulation, affecting all stages of invadosome dynamics and allowing tight spatiotemporal control of their activity. Invadosome organisation and function have been linked to pathophysiological states such as cancer invasion and metastasis; therapeutic targeting of invadosome regulatory components is thus warranted. In this review, we discuss the involvement of kinase signalling in every stage of the invadosome life cycle and evaluate its significance.
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33
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Kajiho H, Kajiho Y, Frittoli E, Confalonieri S, Bertalot G, Viale G, Di Fiore PP, Oldani A, Garre M, Beznoussenko GV, Palamidessi A, Vecchi M, Chavrier P, Perez F, Scita G. RAB2A controls MT1-MMP endocytic and E-cadherin polarized Golgi trafficking to promote invasive breast cancer programs. EMBO Rep 2016; 17:1061-80. [PMID: 27255086 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201642032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of tumor cell dissemination and the contribution of membrane trafficking in this process are poorly understood. Through a functional siRNA screening of human RAB GTPases, we found that RAB2A, a protein essential for ER-to-Golgi transport, is critical in promoting proteolytic activity and 3D invasiveness of breast cancer (BC) cell lines. Remarkably, RAB2A is amplified and elevated in human BC and is a powerful and independent predictor of disease recurrence in BC patients. Mechanistically, RAB2A acts at two independent trafficking steps. Firstly, by interacting with VPS39, a key component of the late endosomal HOPS complex, it controls post-endocytic trafficking of membrane-bound MT1-MMP, an essential metalloprotease for matrix remodeling and invasion. Secondly, it further regulates Golgi transport of E-cadherin, ultimately controlling junctional stability, cell compaction, and tumor invasiveness. Thus, RAB2A is a novel trafficking determinant essential for regulation of a mesenchymal invasive program of BC dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Kajiho
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Yuko Kajiho
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Giovanni Bertalot
- Molecular Medicine Program, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Viale
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy Department of Pathology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Di Fiore
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy Molecular Medicine Program, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Amanda Oldani
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Manuela Vecchi
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy Molecular Medicine Program, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Philippe Chavrier
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris Cedex 05, France Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 144 CNRS UMR 144, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Frank Perez
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris Cedex 05, France Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 144 CNRS UMR 144, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Giorgio Scita
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy Molecular Medicine Program, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
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Zhao P, Xu Y, Wei Y, Qiu Q, Chew TL, Kang Y, Cheng C. The CD44s splice isoform is a central mediator for invadopodia activity. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:1355-65. [PMID: 26869223 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.171959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability for tumor cells to spread and metastasize to distant organs requires proteolytic degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM). This activity is mediated by invadopodia, actin-rich membrane protrusions that are enriched for proteases. However, the mechanisms underlying invadopodia activity are not fully understood. Here, we report that a specific CD44 splice isoform, CD44s, is an integral component in invadopodia. We show that CD44s, but not another splice isoform CD44v, is localized in invadopodia. Small hairpin (sh)RNA-mediated depletion of CD44s abolishes invadopodia activity, prevents matrix degradation and decreases tumor cell invasiveness. Our results suggest that CD44s promotes cortactin phosphorylation and recruits MT1-MMP (also known as MMP14) to sites of matrix degradation, which are important activities for invadopodia function. Importantly, we show that depletion of CD44s inhibits breast cancer cell metastasis to the lung in animals. These findings suggest a crucial mechanism underlying the role of the CD44s splice isoform in breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Zhao
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yilin Xu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yong Wei
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Qiong Qiu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Teng-Leong Chew
- Cell Imaging Facility & Nikon Imaging Center, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yibin Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Chonghui Cheng
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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35
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Bleaken BM, Menko AS, Walker JL. Cells activated for wound repair have the potential to direct collective invasion of an epithelium. Mol Biol Cell 2015; 27:451-65. [PMID: 26658613 PMCID: PMC4751597 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-09-0615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms regulating how groups of cells are signaled to move collectively from their original site and invade surrounding matrix are poorly understood. Here we develop a clinically relevant ex vivo injury invasion model to determine whether cells involved in directing wound healing have invasive function and whether they can act as leader cells to direct movement of a wounded epithelium through a three-dimensional (3D) extracellular matrix (ECM) environment. Similar to cancer invasion, we found that the injured cells invade into the ECM as cords, involving heterotypical cell-cell interactions. Mesenchymal cells with properties of activated repair cells that typically locate to a wound edge are present in leader positions at the front of ZO-1-rich invading cords of cells, where they extend vimentin intermediate filament-enriched protrusions into the 3D ECM. Injury-induced invasion depends on both vimentin cytoskeletal function and MMP-2/9 matrix remodeling, because inhibiting either of these suppressed invasion. Potential push and pull forces at the tips of the invading cords were revealed by time-lapse imaging, which showed cells actively extending and retracting protrusions into the ECM. This 3D injury invasion model can be used to investigate mechanisms of leader cell-directed invasion and understand how mechanisms of wound healing are hijacked to cause disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigid M Bleaken
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - A Sue Menko
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Janice L Walker
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
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Krifa M, El Meshri SE, Bentouati N, Pizzi A, Sick E, Chekir-Ghedira L, Rondé P. In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Melanoma Effects of Pituranthos tortuosus Essential Oil Via Inhibition of FAK and Src Activities. J Cell Biochem 2015; 117:1167-75. [PMID: 26477879 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A large number of plants used in traditional medicines have been shown to possess antitumor activities. The aims of this study were to evaluate any anticancer effect of the essential oil (EO) extracted from P. tortuosus against B16F10 melanoma cancer cells in vitro as well as in vivo. In vitro, EO was shown to induce apoptosis and to inhibit migration and invasion processes. Further investigation revealed that EO decreased focal adhesion and invadopodia formation which was accompanied by a drastic downregulation of FAK, Src, ERK, p130Cas and paxillin. Moreover, EO treatment decreased the expression level of p190RhoGAP, and Grb2, which impair cell migration and actin assembly. Mice bearing the melanoma cells were used to confirm any in vivo effectiveness of the EO as an anti-tumor promoting agent. In mice dosed with 100 mg EO/kg/d (for 27 days), tumor weight was inhibited by 98% compared to that in mice that did not receive the product. In conclusion, these data suggested to us that an EO of P. tortuosus could evolve to be a potential medicinal resource for use in the treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounira Krifa
- Unité de substances naturelles bioactives et biotechnologie UR12ES12, Faculté de pharmacie de Monastir, Tunisie.,UMR CNRS 7213, Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67401, Illkirch, France.,ENSTIB/LERMAB, Epinal France
| | - Salah Edin El Meshri
- UMR CNRS 7213, Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67401, Illkirch, France
| | - Nawel Bentouati
- Unité de substances naturelles bioactives et biotechnologie UR12ES12, Faculté de pharmacie de Monastir, Tunisie
| | | | - Emilie Sick
- UMR CNRS 7213, Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67401, Illkirch, France
| | - Leila Chekir-Ghedira
- Laboratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine at Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Philippe Rondé
- UMR CNRS 7213, Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67401, Illkirch, France
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37
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Moodley S, Hui Bai X, Kapus A, Yang B, Liu M. XB130/Tks5 scaffold protein interaction regulates Src-mediated cell proliferation and survival. Mol Biol Cell 2015; 26:4492-502. [PMID: 26446840 PMCID: PMC4666142 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-07-0483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
XB130 and Tks5 interact endogenously and form a complex with Src tyrosine kinase. Tks5, like XB130, plays a role in cell proliferation and cell survival, and the interaction between XB130 and Tks5 is critical for regulation of Src-mediated cell proliferation and survival. The scaffold protein XB130 regulates cell growth, survival, and migration. Yeast two-hybrid screening suggests that XB130 interacts with another scaffold protein, Tks5. We hypothesized that XB130 and Tks5 form a macromolecular complex to mediate signal transduction cascades for the regulation of cell growth and survival. Coimmunoprecipitation demonstrated that XB130 and Tks5 interact endogenously and form a complex with Src tyrosine kinase. Structure–function studies showed that the fifth SH3 domain of Tks5 binds to the N-terminus of XB130, which contains polyproline-rich motifs. Cell growth and survival studies revealed that down-regulation of XB130 and/or Tks5 reduced cell proliferation, resulting in cell cycle inhibition at the G1 phase and increased caspase 3 activity and apoptosis. Moreover, cell proliferation and survival were increased by overexpression of XB130 or Tks5 but decreased when XB130/Tks5 binding was disrupted by overexpression of XB130 N-terminal deleted mutant and/or Tks5 fifth SH3 domain W1108A mutant. Furthermore, down-regulation of XB130 and/or Tks5 inhibited serum- and growth factor–induced Src activation and downstream phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt. Our results suggest that Tks5, similar to XB130, plays a role in cell proliferation and cell survival and that the interaction between XB130 and Tks5 appears to be critical for regulation of Src-mediated cellular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serisha Moodley
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Xiao Hui Bai
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Andras Kapus
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Burton Yang
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
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38
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Regulation of sarcoma cell migration, invasion and invadopodia formation by AFAP1L1 through a phosphotyrosine-dependent pathway. Oncogene 2015. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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39
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Jacob A, Prekeris R. The regulation of MMP targeting to invadopodia during cancer metastasis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2015; 3:4. [PMID: 25699257 PMCID: PMC4313772 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2015.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The dissemination of cancer cells from the primary tumor to a distant site, known as metastasis, is the main cause of mortality in cancer patients. Metastasis is a very complex cellular process that involves many steps, including the breaching of the basement membrane (BM) to allow the movement of cells through tissues. The BM breach occurs via highly regulated and localized remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which is mediated by formation of structures, known as invadopodia, and targeted secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Recently, invadopodia have emerged as key cellular structures that regulate the metastasis of many cancers. Furthermore, targeting of various cytoskeletal modulators and MMPs has been shown to play a major role in regulating invadopodia function. Here, we highlight recent findings regarding the regulation of protein targeting during invadopodia formation and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abitha Jacob
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rytis Prekeris
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver Aurora, CO, USA
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40
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Ben-Chetrit N, Chetrit D, Russell R, Körner C, Mancini M, Abdul-Hai A, Itkin T, Carvalho S, Cohen-Dvashi H, Koestler WJ, Shukla K, Lindzen M, Kedmi M, Lauriola M, Shulman Z, Barr H, Seger D, Ferraro DA, Pareja F, Gil-Henn H, Lapidot T, Alon R, Milanezi F, Symons M, Ben-Hamo R, Efroni S, Schmitt F, Wiemann S, Caldas C, Ehrlich M, Yarden Y. Synaptojanin 2 is a druggable mediator of metastasis and the gene is overexpressed and amplified in breast cancer. Sci Signal 2015; 8:ra7. [PMID: 25605973 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2005537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Amplified HER2, which encodes a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family, is a target of effective therapies against breast cancer. In search for similarly targetable genomic aberrations, we identified copy number gains in SYNJ2, which encodes the 5'-inositol lipid phosphatase synaptojanin 2, as well as overexpression in a small fraction of human breast tumors. Copy gain and overexpression correlated with shorter patient survival and a low abundance of the tumor suppressor microRNA miR-31. SYNJ2 promoted cell migration and invasion in culture and lung metastasis of breast tumor xenografts in mice. Knocking down SYNJ2 impaired the endocytic recycling of EGFR and the formation of cellular lamellipodia and invadopodia. Screening compound libraries identified SYNJ2-specific inhibitors that prevented cell migration but did not affect the related neural protein SYNJ1, suggesting that SYNJ2 is a potentially druggable target to block cancer cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nir Ben-Chetrit
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - David Chetrit
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Roslin Russell
- Department of Oncology and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Cindy Körner
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Maicol Mancini
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | | | - Tomer Itkin
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Silvia Carvalho
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Hadas Cohen-Dvashi
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Wolfgang J Koestler
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Kirti Shukla
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Moshit Lindzen
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Merav Kedmi
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Mattia Lauriola
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ziv Shulman
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Haim Barr
- INCPM, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Dalia Seger
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Daniela A Ferraro
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Fresia Pareja
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Hava Gil-Henn
- Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 13115, Israel
| | - Tsvee Lapidot
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ronen Alon
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | | | - Marc Symons
- Center for Oncology and Cell Biology, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Rotem Ben-Hamo
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Science, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Sol Efroni
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Science, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | | | - Stefan Wiemann
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Department of Oncology and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Marcelo Ehrlich
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Yosef Yarden
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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41
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Charras G, Sahai E. Physical influences of the extracellular environment on cell migration. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2014; 15:813-24. [PMID: 25355506 DOI: 10.1038/nrm3897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 459] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The way in which a cell migrates is influenced by the physical properties of its surroundings, in particular the properties of the extracellular matrix. How the physical aspects of the cell's environment affect cell migration poses a considerable challenge when trying to understand migration in complex tissue environments and hinders the extrapolation of in vitro analyses to in vivo situations. A comprehensive understanding of these problems requires an integrated biochemical and biophysical approach. In this Review, we outline the findings that have emerged from approaches that span these disciplines, with a focus on actin-based cell migration in environments with different stiffness, dimensionality and geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Charras
- 1] London Centre for Nanotechnology, 17-19 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, UK. [2] Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Erik Sahai
- Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
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42
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Bracken CP, Li X, Wright JA, Lawrence DM, Pillman KA, Salmanidis M, Anderson MA, Dredge BK, Gregory PA, Tsykin A, Neilsen C, Thomson DW, Bert AG, Leerberg JM, Yap AS, Jensen KB, Khew-Goodall Y, Goodall GJ. Genome-wide identification of miR-200 targets reveals a regulatory network controlling cell invasion. EMBO J 2014; 33:2040-56. [PMID: 25069772 PMCID: PMC4195771 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201488641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The microRNAs of the miR-200 family maintain the central characteristics of epithelia and inhibit tumor cell motility and invasiveness. Using the Ago-HITS-CLIP technology for transcriptome-wide identification of direct microRNA targets in living cells, along with extensive validation to verify the reliability of the approach, we have identified hundreds of miR-200a and miR-200b targets, providing insights into general features of miRNA target site selection. Gene ontology analysis revealed a predominant effect of miR-200 targets in widespread coordinate control of actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Functional characterization of the miR-200 targets indicates that they constitute subnetworks that underlie the ability of cancer cells to migrate and invade, including coordinate effects on Rho-ROCK signaling, invadopodia formation, MMP activity, and focal adhesions. Thus, the miR-200 family maintains the central characteristics of the epithelial phenotype by acting on numerous targets at multiple levels, encompassing both cytoskeletal effectors that control actin filament organization and dynamics, and upstream signals that locally regulate the cytoskeleton to maintain cell morphology and prevent cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron P Bracken
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Xiaochun Li
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Josephine A Wright
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - David M Lawrence
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Katherine A Pillman
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Marika Salmanidis
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Matthew A Anderson
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - B Kate Dredge
- School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Philip A Gregory
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Anna Tsykin
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Corine Neilsen
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Daniel W Thomson
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Andrew G Bert
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Joanne M Leerberg
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Alpha S Yap
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Kirk B Jensen
- School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Yeesim Khew-Goodall
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Gregory J Goodall
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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43
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Kolli-Bouhafs K, Sick E, Noulet F, Gies JP, De Mey J, Rondé P. FAK competes for Src to promote migration against invasion in melanoma cells. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1379. [PMID: 25118939 PMCID: PMC4454304 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most deadly cancers because of its high propensity to metastasis, a process that requires migration and invasion of tumor cells driven by the regulated formation of adhesives structures like focal adhesions (FAs) and invasive structures like invadopodia. FAK, the major kinase of FAs, has been implicated in many cellular processes, including migration and invasion. In this study, we investigated the role of FAK in the regulation of invasion. We report that suppression of FAK in B16F10 melanoma cells led to increased invadopodia formation and invasion through Matrigel, but impaired migration. These effects are rescued by FAK WT but not by FAK(Y397F) reexpression. Invadopodia formation requires local Src activation downstream of FAK and in a FAK phosphorylation-dependant manner. FAK deletion correlates with increased phosphorylation of Tks-5 (tyrosine kinase substrate with five SH3 domain) and reactive oxygen species production. In conclusion, our data show that FAK is able to mediate opposite effects on cell migration and invasion. Accordingly, beneficial effects of FAK inhibition are context dependent and may depend on the cell response to environmental cues and/or on the primary or secondary changes that melanoma experienced through the invasion cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kolli-Bouhafs
- 1] CNRS, UMR 7213, Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, Illkirch, France [2] Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France
| | - E Sick
- 1] CNRS, UMR 7213, Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, Illkirch, France [2] Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France
| | - F Noulet
- 1] CNRS, UMR 7213, Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, Illkirch, France [2] Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France
| | - J-P Gies
- 1] CNRS, UMR 7213, Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, Illkirch, France [2] Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France
| | - J De Mey
- 1] CNRS, UMR 7213, Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, Illkirch, France [2] Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France
| | - P Rondé
- 1] CNRS, UMR 7213, Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, Illkirch, France [2] Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France
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Paz H, Pathak N, Yang J. Invading one step at a time: the role of invadopodia in tumor metastasis. Oncogene 2014; 33:4193-202. [PMID: 24077283 PMCID: PMC3969876 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The ability to degrade extracellular matrix is critical for tumor cells to invade and metastasize. Recent studies show that tumor cells use specialized actin-based membrane protrusions termed invadopodia to perform matrix degradation. Invadopodia provide an elegant way for tumor cells to precisely couple focal matrix degradation with directional movement. Here we discuss several key components and regulators of invadopodia that have been uniquely implicated in tumor invasion and metastasis. Furthermore, we discuss existing and new therapeutic opportunities to target invadopodia for anti-metastasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helicia Paz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Navneeta Pathak
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Abstract
The occurrence of invadopodia has been, since its characterization, a hallmark of cancerous cell invasion and metastasis. These structures are now the subject of a controversy concerning their cellular function, molecular regulation, and assembly. The terms invadopodia and podosomes have been used interchangeably since their discovery back in 1980. Since then, these phenotypes are now more established and accepted by the scientific community as vital structures for 3D cancer cell motility. Many characteristics relating to invadopodia and podosomes have been elucidated, which might prove these structures as good targets for metastasis treatment. In this review, we briefly review the actin reorganization process needed in most types of cancer cell motility. We also review the important characteristics of invadopodia, including molecular components, assembly, markers, and the signaling pathways, providing a comprehensive model for invadopodia regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bechara A Saykali
- Department of Natural Sciences, The Lebanese American University , Beirut , Lebanon
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Feldman ME, Yarden Y. Steering tumor progression through the transcriptional response to growth factors and stroma. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:2407-14. [PMID: 24873881 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Tumor progression can be understood as a collaborative effort of mutations and growth factors, which propels cell proliferation and matrix invasion, and also enables evasion of drug-induced apoptosis. Concentrating on EGFR, we discuss downstream signaling and the initiation of transcriptional events in response to growth factors. Specifically, we portray a wave-like program, which initiates by rapid disappearance of two-dozen microRNAs, followed by an abrupt rise of immediate early genes (IEGs), relatively short transcripts encoding transcriptional regulators. Concurrent with the fall of IEGs, some 30-60 min after stimulation, a larger group, the delayed early genes, is up-regulated and its own fall overlaps the rise of the final wave of late response genes. This late wave persists and determines long-term phenotype acquisition, such as invasiveness. Key regulatory steps in the orderly response to growth factors provide a trove of potential oncogenes and tumor suppressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morris E Feldman
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yosef Yarden
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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Direct RNA sequencing mediated identification of mRNA localized in protrusions of human MDA-MB-231 metastatic breast cancer cells. J Mol Signal 2013; 8:9. [PMID: 24004954 PMCID: PMC3844448 DOI: 10.1186/1750-2187-8-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Protrusions of cancer cells conferrers a vital function for cell migration and metastasis. Protein and RNA localization mechanisms have been extensively examined and shown to play pivotal roles for the functional presence of specific protein components in cancer cell protrusions. Methods To describe genome wide RNA localized in protrusions of the metastatic human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 we used Boyden chamber based methodology followed by direct mRNA sequencing. Results In the hereby identified group of protrusion localized mRNA some previously were described to be localized exemplified by mRNA for Ras-Related protein 13 (RAB13) and p0071 (Plakophilin-4/PKP4). For other transcripts, exemplified by mRNA for SH3PXD2A/TKS5 and PPFIA1/Liprin-α1, only the corresponding proteins previously were described to have protrusion localization. Finally, a cohort of MDA-MB-231 protrusion localized transcripts represents novel candidates to mediate cancer cell subcellular region specific functions through mRNA direction to protrusions. We included a further characterization of p0071, an armadillo repeat protein of adherence junctions and desmosomes, in MDA-MB-231 and non-metastatic MCF7 cells including analysis of novel identified alternative spliced p0071 mRNA isoforms. The results showed isoform and cell type specific p0071 mRNA localization. Conclusions Altogether, the presented data represents a genome wide and gene specific descriptive and functional analyses of RNA localization in protrusions of MDA-MB-231 metastatic cancer cells.
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Lin YC, Tsai PH, Lin CY, Cheng CH, Lin TH, Lee KPH, Huang KY, Chen SH, Hwang JJ, Kandaswami CC, Lee MT. Impact of flavonoids on matrix metalloproteinase secretion and invadopodia formation in highly invasive A431-III cancer cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71903. [PMID: 23991004 PMCID: PMC3749203 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a major cause of mortality in cancer patients. Invadopodia are considered to be crucial structures that allow cancer cells to penetrate across the extracellular matrix (ECM) by using matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Previously, we isolated a highly invasive A431-III subline from parental A431 cells by Boyden chamber assay. The A431-III cells possess higher invasive and migratory abilities, elevated levels of MMP-9 and an enhanced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype. In this study, we discovered that A431-III cells had an increased potential to form invadopodia and an improved capacity to degrade ECM compared with the original A431 cells. We also observed enhanced phosphorylation levels of cortactin and Src in A431-III cells; these phosphorylated proteins have been reported to be the main regulators of invadopodia formation. Flavonoids, almost ubiquitously distributed in food plants and plant food products, have been documented to exhibit anti-tumor properties. Therefore, it was of much interest to explore the effects of flavonoid antioxidants on the metastatic activity of A431-III cells. Exposure of A431-III cells to two potent dietary flavonoids, namely luteolin (Lu) and quercetin (Qu), caused inhibition of invadopodia formation and decrement in ECM degradation. We conclude that Lu and Qu attenuate the phosphorylation of cortactin and Src in A431-III cells. As a consequence, there ensues a disruption of invadopodia generation and the suppression of MMP secretion. These changes, in concert, bring about a reduction in metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yo-Chuen Lin
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsun Tsai
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Lin
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsiung Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Lin
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kevin P. H. Lee
- School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yun Huang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsun Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jiuan-Jiuan Hwang
- Institute of Physiology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Ming-Ting Lee
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Jacob A, Jing J, Lee J, Schedin P, Gilbert SM, Peden AA, Junutula JR, Prekeris R. Rab40b regulates trafficking of MMP2 and MMP9 during invadopodia formation and invasion of breast cancer cells. J Cell Sci 2013; 126:4647-58. [PMID: 23902685 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.126573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Invadopodia-dependent degradation of the basement membrane plays a major role during metastasis of breast cancer cells. Basement membrane degradation is mediated by targeted secretion of various matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Specifically, MMP2 and MMP9 (MMP2/9) possess the ability to hydrolyze components of the basement membrane and regulate various aspects of tumor growth and metastasis. However, the membrane transport machinery that mediates targeting of MMP2/9 to the invadopodia during cancer cell invasion remains to be defined. Because Rab GTPases are key regulators of membrane transport, we screened a human Rab siRNA library and identified Rab40b GTPase as a protein required for secretion of MMP2/9. We also have shown that Rab40b functions during at least two distinct steps of MMP2/9 transport. Here, we demonstrate that Rab40b is required for MMP2/9 sorting into VAMP4-containing secretory vesicles. We also show that Rab40b regulates transport of MMP2/9 secretory vesicles during invadopodia formation and is required for invadopodia-dependent extracellular matrix degradation. Finally, we demonstrate that Rab40b is also required for breast cancer cell invasion in vitro. On the basis of these findings, we propose that Rab40b mediates trafficking of MMP2/9 during invadopodia formation and metastasis of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abitha Jacob
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Ben-Chetrit N, Tarcic G, Yarden Y. ERK-ERF-EGR1, a novel switch underlying acquisition of a motile phenotype. Cell Adh Migr 2012; 7:33-7. [PMID: 23076209 DOI: 10.4161/cam.22263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike the well-characterized checkpoints of the cell cycle, which establish commitment to cell division, signaling pathways and gene expression programs that commit cells to migration are incompletely understood. Apparently, several molecular switches are activated in response to an extracellular cue, such as the epidermal growth factor (EGF), and they simultaneously confer distinct features of an integrated motile phenotype. Here we review such early (transcription-independent) and late switches, in light of a novel ERK-ERF-EGR1 switch we recently reported in the FASEB Journal. The study employed human mammary cells and two stimuli: EGF, which induced mammary cell migration, and serum factors, which stimulated cell growth. By contrasting the underlying pathways we unveiled a cascade that allows the active form of the ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade to export the ERF repressor from the nucleus, thereby permitting tightly balanced stimulation of an EGR1-centered gene expression program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nir Ben-Chetrit
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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