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MacManus-Driscoll JL, Wu R, Li W. Interface-related phenomena in epitaxial complex oxide ferroics across different thin film platforms: opportunities and challenges. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:1060-1086. [PMID: 36815609 PMCID: PMC10068909 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh01527g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Interfaces in complex oxides give rise to fascinating new physical phenomena arising from the interconnected spin, lattice, charge and orbital degrees of freedom. Most commonly, interfaces are engineered in epitaxial superlattice films. Of growing interest also are epitaxial vertically aligned nanocomposite films where interfaces form by self-assembly. These two thin film forms offer different capabilities for materials tuning and have been explored largely separately from one another. Ferroics (ferroelectric, ferromagnetic, multiferroic) are among the most fascinating phenomena to be manipulated using interface effects. Hence, in this review we compare and contrast the ferroic properties that arise in these two different film forms, highlighting exemplary materials combinations which demonstrate novel, enhanced and/or emergent ferroic functionalities. We discuss the origins of the observed functionalities and propose where knowledge can be translated from one materials form to another, to potentially produce new functionalities. Finally, for the two different film forms we present a perspective on underexplored/emerging research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK.
- Spin-X Institute, School of Physics and Optoelectronics, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 511442, China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK.
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, College of Physics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
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2
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Wang X, Huang K, Wu X, Yuan L, Li L, Li G, Feng S. Manipulation and observation of atomic-scale superlattices in perovskite manganate. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
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3
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Zhou G, Li Z, Dou J, Ji H, Kang P, Shen Y, Wang S, Xu X. The polar and nonpolar interfaces influenced of magnetism in LaMnO 3-based superlattices. RSC Adv 2023; 13:10254-10260. [PMID: 37006349 PMCID: PMC10065140 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00229b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The interface of perovskite heterostructures has been shown to exhibit various electronic and magnetic phases such as two-dimensional electron gas, magnetism, superconductivity, and electronic phase separation. These rich phases are expected due to the strong interplay between spin, charge, and orbital degree of freedom at the interface. In this work, the polar and nonpolar interfaces are designed in LaMnO3-based (LMO) superlattices to investigate the difference in magnetic and transport properties. For the polar interface in a LMO/SrMnO3 superlattice, a novel robust ferromagnetism, exchange bias effect, vertical magnetization shift, and metallic behaviors coexist due to the polar catastrophe, which results in a double exchange coupling effect in the interface. For the nonpolar interface in a LMO/LaNiO3 superlattice, only the ferromagnetism and exchange bias effect characteristics exist due to the polar continuous interface. This is attributed to the charge transfer between Mn3+ and Ni3+ ions at the interface. Therefore, transition metal oxides exhibit various novel physical properties due to the strong correlation of d electrons and the polar and nonpolar interfaces. Our observations may provide an approach to further tune the properties using the selected polar and nonpolar oxide interfaces. The interface of perovskite heterostructures has been shown to exhibit various electronic and magnetic phases such as two-dimensional electron gas, magnetism, superconductivity, and electronic phase separation![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of EducationTaiyuan 030006China
- Research Institute of Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Shanxi Advanced Permanent Magnetic Materials and TechonologyTaiyuan 030006China
| | - Zhilan Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of EducationTaiyuan 030006China
| | - Jiarui Dou
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of EducationTaiyuan 030006China
| | - Huihui Ji
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of EducationTaiyuan 030006China
- Research Institute of Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Shanxi Advanced Permanent Magnetic Materials and TechonologyTaiyuan 030006China
| | - Penghua Kang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of EducationTaiyuan 030006China
| | - Yufan Shen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of EducationTaiyuan 030006China
| | - Siqi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of EducationTaiyuan 030006China
| | - Xiaohong Xu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of EducationTaiyuan 030006China
- Research Institute of Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Shanxi Advanced Permanent Magnetic Materials and TechonologyTaiyuan 030006China
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4
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Nian L, Li J, Wang Z, Zhang T, Sun H, Li Y, Gao T, Deng Y, Nie Y, Hao Y. Synthesis of Oxide Interface-Based Two-Dimensional Electron Gas on Si. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:53442-53449. [PMID: 36383755 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) at the interface of amorphous Al2O3/SrTiO3 (aAO/STO) heterostructures has received considerable attention owing to its convenience of fabrication and relatively high mobility. The integration of these 2DEG heterostructures on a silicon wafer is highly desired for electronic applications but remains challanging up to date. Here, conductive aAO/STO heterostructures have been synthesized on a silicon wafer via a growth-and-transfer method. A scanning transmission electron microscopy image shows flat and close contact between STO membranes and a Si wafer. Electron energy loss spectroscopic measurements reveal the interfacial Ti valence state evolution, which identifies the formation of 2D charge carriers confined at the interface of aAO/STO. This work provides a feasible strategy for the integration of 2DEG on a silicon wafer and other desired substrates for potential functional and flexible electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyan Nian
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayi Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoying Sun
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueying Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyi Gao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Deng
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuefeng Nie
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Hao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
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5
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Huang D, Li H, Xi X, Gao J, Lau YC, Wang W. Magnetoresistance reversals and anomalous Hall effect in Mn 3SnC and effects of carbon deficiency. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 51:025702. [PMID: 36327461 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aca000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The transport behavior of Mn3SnC and Mn3SnC0.8compounds was investigated. Positive magnetoresistance (MR) and an anomalous Hall effect (AHE) are observed for each compound near respective Curie temperature,TC. The positive MR is reversed during cooling fromTCbut is reentrant at low temperature. A 20% carbon deficiency of Mn3SnC0.8enlarges the positive MR atTCand shifts the temperatures for MR reversals. Ferromagnetic (FM) resonance measurements reveal that the MR reversals are related to the competition between FM and antiferromagnetic components of Mn atoms in each compound. A sign change of the Hall resistivity is observed during cooling of Mn3SnC but not for Mn3SnC0.8. A scaling analysis suggests that the AHE in each compound is mostly due to an intrinsic contribution and that the intrinsic contribution is decreased by the carbon deficiency in Mn3SnC0.8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuekui Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianrong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Chang Lau
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhong Wang
- Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China
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6
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Guasco L, Khaydukov Y, Kim G, Keller T, Vorobiev A, Devishvili A, Wochner P, Christiani G, Logvenov G, Keimer B. Emergent Magnetic Fan Structures in Manganite Homojunction Arrays. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2202971. [PMID: 35817958 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Devices with tunable magnetic noncollinearity are important components of superconducting electronics and spintronics, but they typically require epitaxial integration of several complex materials. The spin-polarized neutron reflectometry measurements on La1-x Srx MnO3 homojunction arrays with modulated Sr concentration reported herein have led to the discovery of magnetic fan structures with highly noncollinear alignment of Mn spins and an emergent periodicity twice as large as the array's unit cell. The neutron data show that these magnetic superstructures can be fully long-range ordered, despite the gradual modulation of the doping level created by charge transfer and chemical intermixing. The degree of noncollinearity can be effectively adjusted by low magnetic fields. Notwithstanding their chemical and structural simplicity, oxide homojunctions thus show considerable promise as a platform for tunable complex magnetism and as a powerful design element of spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Guasco
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Max Planck Society Outstation at the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), D-85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Yury Khaydukov
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Max Planck Society Outstation at the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), D-85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Gideok Kim
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Thomas Keller
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Max Planck Society Outstation at the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), D-85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Alexei Vorobiev
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, Grenoble Cedex 9, F-38042, France
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, Uppsala, 751 20, Sweden
| | - Anton Devishvili
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, Grenoble Cedex 9, F-38042, France
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, Uppsala, 751 20, Sweden
| | - Peter Wochner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Georg Christiani
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Gennady Logvenov
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Bernhard Keimer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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7
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Jin Q, Wang Z, Zhang Q, Yu Y, Lin S, Chen S, Qi M, Bai H, Huon A, Li Q, Wang L, Yin X, Tang CS, Wee ATS, Meng F, Zhao J, Wang JO, Guo H, Ge C, Wang C, Yan W, Zhu T, Gu L, Chambers SA, Das S, Charlton T, Fitzsimmons MR, Liu GQ, Wang S, Jin KJ, Yang H, Guo EJ. Room-Temperature Ferromagnetism at an Oxide-Nitride Interface. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:017202. [PMID: 35061447 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.017202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Heterointerfaces have led to the discovery of novel electronic and magnetic states because of their strongly entangled electronic degrees of freedom. Single-phase chromium compounds always exhibit antiferromagnetism following the prediction of the Goodenough-Kanamori rules. So far, exchange coupling between chromium ions via heteroanions has not been explored and the associated quantum states are unknown. Here, we report the successful epitaxial synthesis and characterization of chromium oxide (Cr_{2}O_{3})-chromium nitride (CrN) superlattices. Room-temperature ferromagnetic spin ordering is achieved at the interfaces between these two antiferromagnets, and the magnitude of the effect decays with increasing layer thickness. First-principles calculations indicate that robust ferromagnetic spin interaction between Cr^{3+} ions via anion-hybridization across the interface yields the lowest total energy. This work opens the door to fundamental understanding of the unexpected and exceptional properties of oxide-nitride interfaces and provides access to hidden phases at low-dimensional quantum heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Jin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yonghong Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shan Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shengru Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mingqun Qi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - He Bai
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, China
| | - Amanda Huon
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Qian Li
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China
| | - Le Wang
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - Xinmao Yin
- Physics Department, Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Chi Sin Tang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Andrew T S Wee
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117551, Singapore
| | - Fanqi Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiali Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jia-Ou Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haizhong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chen Ge
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Can Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Wensheng Yan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Lin Gu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Scott A Chambers
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - Sujit Das
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91767, France
| | - Timothy Charlton
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Michael R Fitzsimmons
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Gang-Qin Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Shanmin Wang
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Kui-Juan Jin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Hongxin Yang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Er-Jia Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
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8
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Zheng D, Fang YW, Zhang S, Li P, Wen Y, Fang B, He X, Li Y, Zhang C, Tong W, Mi W, Bai H, Alshareef HN, Qiu ZQ, Zhang X. Berry Phase Engineering in SrRuO 3/SrIrO 3/SrTiO 3 Superlattices Induced by Band Structure Reconstruction. ACS NANO 2021; 15:5086-5095. [PMID: 33606942 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c10200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Berry phase, which reveals the intimate geometrical structure underlying quantum mechanics, plays a central role in the anomalous Hall effect. In this work, we observed a sign change of Berry curvatures at the interface between the ferromagnet SrRuO3 (SRO) layer and the SrIrO3 (SIO) layer with strong spin-orbit coupling. The negative Berry curvature at the interface, induced by the strongly spin-orbit-coupled Ir 5d bands near the Fermi level, makes the SRO/SIO interface different from the SRO layer that has a positive Berry curvature. These opposite Berry curvatures led to two anomalous Hall effect (AHE) channels with opposite signs at the SRO/SIO interface and in the SRO layer, respectively, resulting in a hump-like feature in the Hall resistivity loop. This observation offers a straightforward explanation of the hump-like feature that is usually associated with the chiral magnetic structure or magnetic skyrmions. Hence, this study provides evidence to oppose the widely accepted claim that magnetic skyrmions induce the hump-like feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxing Zheng
- Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Processing Technology, Institute of Advanced Materials Physics, Faculty of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yue-Wen Fang
- Laboratory for Materials and Structures & Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI), Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
- NYU-ECNU Institute of Physics, New York University Shanghai, Shanghai 200122, China
| | - Senfu Zhang
- Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Peng Li
- Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yan Wen
- Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bin Fang
- Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xin He
- Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yan Li
- Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chenhui Zhang
- Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wenyi Tong
- Theoretical Materials Physics, Q-MAT, CESAM, Université de Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Wenbo Mi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Processing Technology, Institute of Advanced Materials Physics, Faculty of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Haili Bai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Processing Technology, Institute of Advanced Materials Physics, Faculty of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Husam N Alshareef
- Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zi Qiang Qiu
- Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Xixiang Zhang
- Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Wang BX, Zheng H, Krivyakina E, Chmaissem O, Lopes PP, Lynn JW, Gallington LC, Ren Y, Rosenkranz S, Mitchell JF, Phelan D. Synthesis and characterization of bulk Nd 1-x Sr x NiO 2 and Nd 1-x Sr x NiO 3. PHYSICAL REVIEW MATERIALS 2020; 4:10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.4.084409. [PMID: 34142005 PMCID: PMC8207457 DOI: 10.1103/physrevmaterials.4.084409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The recent reports of superconductivity in Nd1-x Sr x NiO2/SrTiO3 heterostructures have reinvigorated interest in potential superconductivity of low-oxidation state nickelates. Synthesis of Ni1+-containing compounds is notoriously difficult. In the current work, a combined sol-gel combustion and high-pressure annealing technique was employed to prepare polycrystalline perovskite Nd1-x Sr x NiO3 (x = 0, 0.1, and 0.2). Metal nitrates and metal acetates were used as starting materials, and the latter were found to be superior to the former in terms of safety and reactivity. The Nd1-x Sr x NiO3 compounds were subsequently reduced to Nd1-x Sr x NiO2 using calcium hydride in a sealed, evacuated quartz tube. To understand the synthesis pathway, the evolution from NdNiO3 to NdNiO2 was monitored using in situ synchrotron x-ray diffraction during the reduction process. Electrical transport properties were consistent with an insulator-metal transition occurring between x = 0 and 0.1 for Nd1-x Sr x NiO3. Superconductivity was not observed in our bulk samples of Nd1-x Sr x NiO2. Neutron diffraction experiments at 3 and 300 K were performed on Nd0.9Sr0.1NiO2, in which no magnetic Bragg reflections were observed, and the results of structural Rietveld refinement are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi-Xia Wang
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Hong Zheng
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - E Krivyakina
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - O Chmaissem
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - Pietro Papa Lopes
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J W Lynn
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | | | - Y Ren
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S Rosenkranz
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J F Mitchell
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Phelan
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
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10
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Skoropata E, Nichols J, Ok JM, Chopdekar RV, Choi ES, Rastogi A, Sohn C, Gao X, Yoon S, Farmer T, Desautels RD, Choi Y, Haskel D, Freeland JW, Okamoto S, Brahlek M, Lee HN. Interfacial tuning of chiral magnetic interactions for large topological Hall effects in LaMnO 3/SrIrO 3 heterostructures. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaaz3902. [PMID: 32923583 PMCID: PMC7455502 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz3902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Chiral interactions in magnetic systems can give rise to rich physics manifested, for example, as nontrivial spin textures. The foremost interaction responsible for chiral magnetism is the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI), resulting from inversion symmetry breaking in the presence of strong spin-orbit coupling. However, the atomistic origin of DMIs and their relationship to emergent electrodynamic phenomena, such as topological Hall effect (THE), remain unclear. Here, we investigate the role of interfacial DMIs in 3d-5d transition metal-oxide-based LaMnO3/SrIrO3 superlattices on THE from a chiral spin texture. By additively engineering the interfacial inversion symmetry with atomic-scale precision, we directly link the competition between interfacial collinear ferromagnetic interactions and DMIs to an enhanced THE. The ability to control the DMI and resulting THE points to a pathway for harnessing interfacial structures to maximize the density of chiral spin textures useful for developing high-density information storage and quantum magnets for quantum information science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Skoropata
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - John Nichols
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Jong Mok Ok
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Rajesh V. Chopdekar
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Eun Sang Choi
- National High Field Magnet Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - Ankur Rastogi
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Changhee Sohn
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Xiang Gao
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Sangmoon Yoon
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Thomas Farmer
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Ryan D. Desautels
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Yongseong Choi
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Daniel Haskel
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - John W. Freeland
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Satoshi Okamoto
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Matthew Brahlek
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Ho Nyung Lee
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
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11
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Direct experimental evidence of physical origin of electronic phase separation in manganites. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:7090-7094. [PMID: 32179681 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1920502117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Electronic phase separation in complex oxides is the inhomogeneous spatial distribution of electronic phases, involving length scales much larger than those of structural defects or nonuniform distribution of chemical dopants. While experimental efforts focused on phase separation and established its correlation with nonlinear responses under external stimuli, it remains controversial whether phase separation requires quenched disorder for its realization. Early theory predicted that if perfectly "clean" samples could be grown, both phase separation and nonlinearities would be replaced by a bicritical-like phase diagram. Here, using a layer-by-layer superlattice growth technique we fabricate a fully chemically ordered "tricolor" manganite superlattice, and compare its properties with those of isovalent alloyed manganite films. Remarkably, the fully ordered manganite does not exhibit phase separation, while its presence is pronounced in the alloy. This suggests that chemical-doping-induced disorder is crucial to stabilize the potentially useful nonlinear responses of manganites, as theory predicted.
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12
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Abstract
Transition metal functional oxides, e.g., perovskite manganites, with strong electron, spin and lattice correlations, are well-known for different phase transitions and field-induced colossal effects at the phase transition. Recently, the interfaces between dissimilar perovskites were shown to be a promising concept for the search of emerging phases with novel functionalities. We demonstrate that the properties of manganite films are effectively controlled by low dimensional emerging phases at intrinsic and extrinsic interfaces and appeared as a result of symmetry breaking. The examples include correlated Jahn–Teller polarons in the phase-separated (La1−yPry)0.7Ca0.3MnO3, electron-rich Jahn–Teller-distorted surface or “dead” layer in La0.7Sr0.3MnO3, electric-field-induced healing of “dead” layer as an origin of resistance switching effect, and high-TC ferromagnetic emerging phase at the SrMnO3/LaMnO3 interface in superlattices. These 2D polaronic phases with short-range electron, spin, and lattice reconstructions could be extremely sensitive to external fields, thus, providing a rational explanation of colossal effects in perovskite manganites.
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13
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Strain effect on orbital and magnetic structures of Mn ions in epitaxial Nd 0.35Sr 0.65MnO 3/SrTiO 3 films using X-ray diffraction and absorption. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5160. [PMID: 30914713 PMCID: PMC6435741 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41433-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
This study probes the temperature-dependent strain that is strongly correlated with the orbital and magnetic structures of epitaxial films of Nd0.35Sr0.65MnO3 (NSMO) that are fabricated by pulsed laser deposition with two thicknesses, 17 (NS17) and 103 nm (NS103) on SrTiO3 (STO) substrate. This investigation is probed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and absorption-based techniques, X-ray linear dichroism (XLD) and the X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). XRD indicates a significant shift in the (004) peak position that is associated with larger strain in NS17 relative to that of NS103 at both 30 and 300 K. Experimental and atomic multiplet simulated temperature-dependent Mn L3,2-edge XLD results reveal that the stronger strain in a thinner NS17 film causes less splitting of Mn 3d eg state at low temperature, indicating an enhancement of orbital fluctuations in the band above the Fermi level. This greater Mn 3d orbital fluctuation can be the cause of both the enhanced ferromagnetism (FM) as a result of spin moments and the reduced Néel temperature of C-type antiferromagnetism (AFM) in NS17, leading to the FM coupling of the canted-antiferromagnetism (FM-cAFM) state in NSMO/STO epitaxial films at low temperature (T = 30 K). These findings are also confirmed by Mn L3,2-edge XMCD measurements.
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14
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Wang L, Pan W, Hu WX, Sun DY. Strain-induced indirect-to-direct bandgap transition in an np-type LaAlO 3/SrTiO 3(110) superlattice. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:7075-7082. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07761d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
By applying uniaxial in-plane strains, an indirect-to-direct bandgap transition occurs in the polar LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (110) superlattices.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Wang
- Department of Physics
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- People's Republic of China
| | - W. Pan
- Department of Physics
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- People's Republic of China
| | - W. X. Hu
- The computer Center
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- People's Republic of China
| | - D. Y. Sun
- Department of Physics
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- People's Republic of China
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15
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Eom CJ, Kuo DY, Adamo C, Moon EJ, May SJ, Crumlin EJ, Schlom DG, Suntivich J. Tailoring manganese oxide with atomic precision to increase surface site availability for oxygen reduction catalysis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4034. [PMID: 30279490 PMCID: PMC6168596 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06503-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlling the structure of catalysts at the atomic level provides an opportunity to establish detailed understanding of the catalytic form-to-function and realize new, non-equilibrium catalytic structures. Here, advanced thin-film deposition is used to control the atomic structure of La2/3Sr1/3MnO3, a well-known catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction. The surface and sub-surface is customized, whereas the overall composition and d-electron configuration of the oxide is kept constant. Although the addition of SrMnO3 benefits the oxygen reduction reaction via electronic structure and conductivity improvements, SrMnO3 can react with ambient air to reduce the surface site availability. Placing SrMnO3 in the sub-surface underneath a LaMnO3 overlayer allows the catalyst to maintain the surface site availability while benefiting from improved electronic effects. The results show the promise of advanced thin-film deposition for realizing atomically precise catalysts, in which the surface and sub-surface structure and stoichiometry are tailored for functionality, over controlling only bulk compositions. Controlling structures at the atomic level provides an opportunity to design and understand catalysts. Here the authors use thin-film deposition to fabricate perovskite heterostructures in a non-equilibrium manner to assess the effects on electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- C John Eom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Ding-Yuan Kuo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Carolina Adamo
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Eun Ju Moon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Steve J May
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ethan J Crumlin
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Darrell G Schlom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.,Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Jin Suntivich
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA. .,Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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16
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Anitha Sukkurji P, Molinari A, Reitz C, Witte R, Kübel C, Chakravadhanula VSK, Kruk R, Clemens O. Anion Doping of Ferromagnetic Thin Films of La 0.74Sr 0.26MnO 3-δ via Topochemical Fluorination. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11071204. [PMID: 30011799 PMCID: PMC6073400 DOI: 10.3390/ma11071204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chemical doping via insertion of ions into the lattice of a host material is a key strategy to flexibly manipulate functionalities of materials. In this work, we present a novel case study on the topotactic insertion of fluoride ions into oxygen-deficient ferromagnetic thin films of La0.74Sr0.26MnO3−δ (LSMO) epitaxially grown onto single-crystal SrTiO3 (STO) substrates. The effect of fluorination on the film structure, composition, and magnetic properties is compared with the case of oxygen-deficient and fully-oxidized LSMO films. Although incorporation of F− anions does not significantly alter the volume of the LSMO unit cell, a strong impact on the magnetic characteristics, including a remarkable suppression of Curie temperature and saturation magnetization accompanied by an increase in magnetic coercivity, was found. The change in magnetic properties can be ascribed to the disruption of the ferromagnetic exchange interactions along Mn-anion-Mn chains driven by F− doping into the LSMO lattice. Our results indicate that F− doping is a powerful means to effectively modify the magnetic functional properties of perovskite manganites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvathy Anitha Sukkurji
- Fachgebiet Materialdesign durch Synthese, Institut für Materialwissenschaft, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
- Institut für Nanotechnologie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Alan Molinari
- Institut für Nanotechnologie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Christian Reitz
- Institut für Nanotechnologie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Ralf Witte
- Institut für Nanotechnologie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Christian Kübel
- Institut für Nanotechnologie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
- Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtz Institute Ulm, Helmholtzstraße 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
- Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Venkata Sai Kiran Chakravadhanula
- Institut für Nanotechnologie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
- Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Robert Kruk
- Institut für Nanotechnologie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Oliver Clemens
- Fachgebiet Materialdesign durch Synthese, Institut für Materialwissenschaft, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
- Institut für Nanotechnologie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
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17
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Huang BC, Yu P, Chu YH, Chang CS, Ramesh R, Dunin-Borkowski RE, Ebert P, Chiu YP. Atomically Resolved Electronic States and Correlated Magnetic Order at Termination Engineered Complex Oxide Heterointerfaces. ACS NANO 2018; 12:1089-1095. [PMID: 29384356 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b06004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We map electronic states, band gaps, and interface-bound charges at termination-engineered BiFeO3/La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 interfaces using atomically resolved cross-sectional scanning tunneling microscopy. We identify a delicate interplay of different correlated physical effects and relate these to the ferroelectric and magnetic interface properties tuned by engineering the atomic layer stacking sequence at the interfaces. This study highlights the importance of a direct atomically resolved access to electronic interface states for understanding the intriguing interface properties in complex oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Chao Huang
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University , Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica , Taipei 105, Taiwan
| | - Pu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter , Beijing 100084, China
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) , Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Y H Chu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica , Taipei 105, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University , Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | | | - Ramamoorthy Ramesh
- Department of Physics, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | | | - Philipp Ebert
- Peter Grünberg Institut, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Ya-Ping Chiu
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University , Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica , Taipei 105, Taiwan
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18
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Zhang Y, Xie L, Kim J, Stern A, Wang H, Zhang K, Yan X, Li L, Liu H, Zhao G, Chi H, Gadre C, Lin Q, Zhou Y, Uher C, Chen T, Chu YH, Xia J, Wu R, Pan X. Discovery of a magnetic conductive interface in PbZr 0.2Ti 0.8O 3 /SrTiO 3 heterostructures. Nat Commun 2018; 9:685. [PMID: 29449561 PMCID: PMC5814552 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-02914-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Emergent physical properties often arise at interfaces of complex oxide heterostructures due to the interplay between various degrees of freedom, especially those with polar discontinuities. It is desirable to explore if these structures may generate pure and controllable spin currents, which are needed to attain unmatched performance and energy efficiency in the next-generation spintronic devices. Here we report the emergence of a spin-polarized two-dimensional electron gas (SP-2DEG) at the interface of two insulators, SrTiO3 and PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3. This SP-2DEG is strongly localized at the interfacial Ti atoms, due to the interplay between Coulomb interaction and band bending, and can be tuned by the ferroelectric polarization. Our findings open a door for engineering ferroelectric/insulator interfaces to create tunable ferroic orders for magnetoelectric device applications and provide opportunities for designing multiferroic materials in heterostructures. Two-dimensional electron gases that form in some complex oxide heterostructures may have useful functional behavior due to the interaction of the parent materials. Here the authors show that PZT/STO interfaces can host a spin-polarized electron gas, even though the bulk materials are nonmagnetic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Lin Xie
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, China
| | - Jeongwoo Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Alex Stern
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Kui Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Xingxu Yan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Linze Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Henry Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, HsinChu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Gejian Zhao
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 85287, USA
| | - Hang Chi
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Chaitanya Gadre
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Qiyin Lin
- Irvine Materials Research Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Yichun Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, Hunan, China
| | - Ctirad Uher
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Tingyong Chen
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 85287, USA
| | - Ying-Hao Chu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, HsinChu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Jing Xia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Ruqian Wu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Pan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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19
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Yi D, Lu N, Chen X, Shen S, Yu P. Engineering magnetism at functional oxides interfaces: manganites and beyond. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2017; 29:443004. [PMID: 28745614 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa824d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The family of transition metal oxides (TMOs) is a large class of magnetic materials that has been intensively studied due to the rich physics involved as well as the promising potential applications in next generation electronic devices. In TMOs, the spin, charge, orbital and lattice are strongly coupled, and significant advances have been achieved to engineer the magnetism by different routes that manipulate these degrees of freedom. The family of manganites is a model system of strongly correlated magnetic TMOs. In this review, using manganites thin films and the heterostructures in conjunction with other TMOs as model systems, we review the recent progress of engineering magnetism in TMOs. We first discuss the role of the lattice that includes the epitaxial strain and the interface structural coupling. Then we look into the role of charge, focusing on the interface charge modulation. Having demonstrated the static effects, we continue to review the research on dynamical control of magnetism by electric field. Next, we review recent advances in heterostructures comprised of high T c cuprate superconductors and manganites. Following that, we discuss the emergent magnetic phenomena at interfaces between 3d TMOs and 5d TMOs with strong spin-orbit coupling. Finally, we provide our outlook for prospective future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yi
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Applied Physics Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States of America
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20
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Ghosh S, Borisevich AY, Pantelides ST. Engineering an Insulating Ferroelectric Superlattice with a Tunable Band Gap from Metallic Components. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:177603. [PMID: 29219470 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.177603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The recent discovery of "polar metals" with ferroelectriclike displacements offers the promise of designing ferroelectrics with tunable energy gaps by inducing controlled metal-insulator transitions. Here we employ first-principles calculations to design a metallic polar superlattice from nonpolar metal components and show that controlled intermixing can lead to a true insulating ferroelectric with a tunable band gap. We consider a 2/2 superlattice made of two centrosymmetric metallic oxides, La_{0.75}Sr_{0.25}MnO_{3} and LaNiO_{3}, and show that ferroelectriclike displacements are induced. The ferroelectriclike distortion is found to be strongly dependent on the carrier concentration (Sr content). Further, we show that a metal-to-insulator (MI) transition is feasible in this system via disproportionation of the Ni sites. Such a disproportionation and, hence, a MI transition can be driven by intermixing of transition metal ions between Mn and Ni layers. As a result, the energy gap of the resulting ferroelectric can be tuned by varying the degree of intermixing in the experimental fabrication method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Ghosh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Albina Y Borisevich
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Sokrates T Pantelides
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
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21
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Mozaffari S, Guchhait S, Markert JT. Spin-orbit interaction and Kondo scattering at the PrAlO 3/SrTiO 3 interface: effects of oxygen content. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2017; 29:395002. [PMID: 28699623 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa7f43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report the effects of oxygen pressure during growth ([Formula: see text]) on the electronic and magnetic properties of PrAlO3 films grown on [Formula: see text]-terminated SrTiO3 substrates. Resistivity measurements show an increase in the sheet resistance as [Formula: see text] is increased. The saturation of the sheet resistance down to 0.3 K is consistent with Kondo theory for [Formula: see text] torr. Resistivity data fits indicate Kondo temperatures of 16-18 K. For the [Formula: see text] sample, we measured a moderate positive magnetoresistance (MR) due to a strong spin-orbit (SO) interaction at low magnetic fields that evolves into a larger negative MR at high fields due to the Kondo effect. Analysis of the MR data permitted the extraction of the SO interaction critical field for the [Formula: see text] torr interface ([Formula: see text] T). We observed high positive MR for the least oxygenated sample, where a fraction of the n-type carriers are derived from oxygen vacancies and possible cation interdiffusion; for this [Formula: see text] torr sample, Hall effect data indicate a thick conducting layer. Its extremely high MR (∼[Formula: see text]) is attributed to classical behavior due to a distribution of mobilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Mozaffari
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States of America
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22
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Manipulating magnetoelectric properties by interfacial coupling in La 0.3Sr 0.7MnO 3/Ba 0.7Sr 0.3TiO 3 superlattices. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7693. [PMID: 28794426 PMCID: PMC5550473 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08260-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Artificial superlattices constructed with ferromagnetic La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 layer and ferroelectric Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3 layer were designed and fabricated on SrTiO3 substrates. An epitaxial growth with sharp interfaces between La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 and Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3 layers was confirmed by scanning transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. An unambiguous charge transfer involving an electron transferring from the La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 layers to Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3 layers (Mn3+→Mn4+; Ti4+→Ti3+) across the interface were resolved by electron energy loss spectra analysis. These observations are attributed to the possible modification in the stereochemistry of the Ti and Mn ions in the interfacial region. The out-of-plane lattice parameter, Curie temperature, and magnetoresistance are strongly affected by the thicknesses of the La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 and Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3 layers. Huge magnetoresistance subsisting to low temperature was also observed in the La0.7Sr0.3MnO3/Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3 superlattices. All spectral changes identified at a nanometer scale and their potential effect on the degradation of magnetic and transport properties at a macroscopic level. These findings highlight the importance of dependence on sublayer thickness, illustrating the high degree of tenability in these artificially low-dimensional oxide materials.
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Interface-induced spontaneous positive and conventional negative exchange bias effects in bilayer La 0.7Sr 0.3MnO 3/Eu 0.45Sr 0.55MnO 3 heterostructures. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6919. [PMID: 28761051 PMCID: PMC5537235 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07033-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We report zero-field-cooled spontaneous-positive and field-cooled conventional-negative exchange bias effects in epitaxial bilayer composed of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) with ferromagnetic (FM) and Eu0.45Sr0.55MnO3 (ESMO) with A-type antiferromagnetic (AF) heterostructures respectively. A temperature dependent magnetization study of LSMO/ESMO bilayers grown on SrTiO3 (001) manifest FM ordering (TC) of LSMO at ~320 K, charge/orbital ordering of ESMO at ~194 K and AF ordering (TN) of ESMO at ~150 K. The random field Ising model has demonstrated an interesting observation of inverse dependence of exchange bias effect on AF layer thickness due to the competition between FM-AF interface coupling and AF domain wall energy. The isothermally field induced unidirectional exchange anisotropy formed at the interface of FM-LSMO layer and the kinetically phase-arrested magnetic phase obtained from the metamagnetic AF-ESMO layer could be responsible for the spontaneous exchange bias effect. Importantly, no magnetic poling is needed, as necessary for the applications. The FM-AF interface exchange interaction has been ascribed to the AF coupling with \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${J}_{ex}\approx {J}_{AF}$$\end{document}Jex≈JAF, coupling constant between AF spins) for the spontaneous positive hysteresis loop shift, and the field-cooled conventional exchange bias has been attributed to the ferromagnetically exchanged interface with \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${J}_{ex}\approx {J}_{F}$$\end{document}Jex≈JF (coupling constant between FM spins).
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Chen H, Millis A. Charge transfer driven emergent phenomena in oxide heterostructures. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2017; 29:243001. [PMID: 28437253 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa6efe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Complex oxides exhibit many intriguing phenomena, including metal-insulator transition, ferroelectricity/multiferroicity, colossal magnetoresistance and high transition temperature superconductivity. Advances in epitaxial thin film growth techniques enable us to combine different complex oxides with atomic precision and form an oxide heterostructure. Recent theoretical and experimental work has shown that charge transfer across oxide interfaces generally occurs and leads to a great diversity of emergent interfacial properties which are not exhibited by bulk constituents. In this report, we review mechanisms and physical consequence of charge transfer across interfaces in oxide heterostructures. Both theoretical proposals and experimental measurements of various oxide heterostructures are discussed and compared. We also review the theoretical methods that are used to calculate charge transfer across oxide interfaces and discuss the success and challenges in theory. Finally, we present a summary and perspectives for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanghui Chen
- NYU-ECNU Institute of Physics, New York University Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China. Department of Physics, New York University, New York, NY 10002, United States of America
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Guo EJ, Charlton T, Ambaye H, Desautels RD, Lee HN, Fitzsimmons MR. Orientation Control of Interfacial Magnetism at La 0.67Sr 0.33MnO 3/SrTiO 3 Interfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:19307-19312. [PMID: 28509529 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b03252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the magnetism at the interface between a ferromagnet and an insulator is essential because the commonly posited magnetic "dead" layer close to an interface can be problematic in magnetic tunnel junctions. Previously, degradation of the magnetic interface was attributed to charge discontinuity across the interface. Here, the interfacial magnetism was investigated using three identically prepared La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 (LSMO) thin films grown on different oriented SrTiO3 (STO) substrates by polarized neutron reflectometry. In all cases the magnetization at the LSMO/STO interface is larger than the film bulk. We show that the interfacial magnetization is largest across the LSMO/STO interfaces with (001) and (111) orientations, which have the largest net charge discontinuities across the interfaces. In contrast, the magnetization of LSMO/STO across the (110) interface, the orientation with no net charge discontinuity, is the smallest of the three orientations. We show that a magnetically degraded interface is not intrinsic to LSMO/STO heterostructures. The approach to use different crystallographic orientations provides a means to investigate the influence of charge discontinuity on the interfacial magnetization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Er-Jia Guo
- Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Timothy Charlton
- Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Haile Ambaye
- Instruments and Source Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Ryan D Desautels
- Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Ho Nyung Lee
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Michael R Fitzsimmons
- Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee , Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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Grutter AJ, Vailionis A, Borchers JA, Kirby BJ, Flint CL, He C, Arenholz E, Suzuki Y. Interfacial Symmetry Control of Emergent Ferromagnetism at the Nanoscale. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:5647-5651. [PMID: 27472285 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b02255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of complex new ground states at interfaces has been identified as one of the most promising routes to highly tunable nanoscale materials. Despite recent progress, isolating and controlling the underlying mechanisms behind these emergent properties remains among the most challenging materials physics problems to date. In particular, generating ferromagnetism localized at the interface of two nonferromagnetic materials is of fundamental and technological interest. Moreover, the ability to turn the ferromagnetism on and off would shed light on the origin of such emergent phenomena and is promising for spintronic applications. We demonstrate that ferromagnetism confined within one unit cell at the interface of CaRuO3 and CaMnO3 can be switched on and off by changing the symmetry of the oxygen octahedra connectivity at the boundary. Interfaces that are symmetry-matched across the boundary exhibit interfacial CaMnO3 ferromagnetism while the ferromagnetism at symmetry-mismatched interfaces is suppressed. We attribute the suppression of ferromagnetic order to a reduction in charge transfer at symmetry-mismatched interfaces, where frustrated bonding weakens the orbital overlap. Thus, interfacial symmetry is a new route to control emergent ferromagnetism in materials such as CaMnO3 that exhibit antiferromagnetism in bulk form.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Grutter
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - A Vailionis
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - J A Borchers
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - B J Kirby
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - C L Flint
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - C He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - E Arenholz
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Y Suzuki
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
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27
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Weng Y, Lin L, Dagotto E, Dong S. Inversion of Ferrimagnetic Magnetization by Ferroelectric Switching via a Novel Magnetoelectric Coupling. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:037601. [PMID: 27472140 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.037601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Although several multiferroic materials or heterostructures have been extensively studied, finding strong magnetoelectric couplings for the electric field control of the magnetization remains challenging. Here, a novel interfacial magnetoelectric coupling based on three components (ferroelectric dipole, magnetic moment, and antiferromagnetic order) is analytically formulated. As an extension of carrier-mediated magnetoelectricity, the new coupling is shown to induce an electric-magnetic hysteresis loop. Realizations employing BiFeO_{3} bilayers grown along the [111] axis are proposed. Without involving magnetic phase transitions, the magnetization orientation can be switched by the carrier modulation driven by the field effect, as confirmed using first-principles calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakui Weng
- Department of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Lingfang Lin
- Department of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Elbio Dagotto
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Shuai Dong
- Department of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
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28
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Need RF, Isaac BJ, Kirby BJ, Borchers JA, Stemmer S, Wilson SD. Interface-Driven Ferromagnetism within the Quantum Wells of a Rare Earth Titanate Superlattice. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:037205. [PMID: 27472135 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.037205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Here we present polarized neutron reflectometry measurements exploring thin film heterostructures composed of a strongly correlated Mott state, GdTiO_{3}, embedded with SrTiO_{3} quantum wells. Our results reveal that the net ferromagnetism inherent to the Mott GdTiO_{3} matrix propagates into the nominally nonmagnetic SrTiO_{3} quantum wells and tracks the magnetic order parameter of the host Mott insulating matrix. Beyond a well thickness of 5 SrO layers, the magnetic moment within the wells is dramatically suppressed, suggesting that quenched well magnetism comprises the likely origin of quantum critical magnetotransport in this thin film architecture. Our data demonstrate that the interplay between proximate exchange fields and polarity-induced carrier densities can stabilize extended magnetic states within SrTiO_{3} quantum wells.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Need
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5050, USA
| | - B J Isaac
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5050, USA
| | - B J Kirby
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6100, USA
| | - J A Borchers
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6100, USA
| | - S Stemmer
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5050, USA
| | - Stephen D Wilson
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5050, USA
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29
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Wang Y, Baiutti F, Gregori G, Cristiani G, Salzberger U, Logvenov G, Maier J, van Aken PA. Atomic-Scale Quantitative Analysis of Lattice Distortions at Interfaces of Two-Dimensionally Sr-Doped La2CuO4 Superlattices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:6763-6769. [PMID: 26909681 PMCID: PMC4796864 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b12813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Using spherical aberration corrected high-resolution and analytical scanning transmission electron microscopy, we have quantitatively studied the lattice distortion and the redistribution of charges in two-dimensionally strontium (Sr)-doped La2CuO4 superlattices, in which single LaO planes are periodically replaced by SrO planes. As shown previously, such structures show Tc up to 35 K as a consequence of local charge accumulation on both sides of the nominal SrO planes position. This is caused by two distinct mechanisms of doping: heterogeneous doping at the downward side of the interface (space-charge effect) and "classical" homogeneous doping at the upward side. The comparative chemical and atomic-structural analyses reveal an interrelation between local CuO6 octahedron distortions, hole spatial distribution, and chemical composition. In particular we observe an anomalous expansion of the apical oxygen-oxygen distance in the heterogeneously doped (space-charge) region, and a substantial shrinkage of the apical oxygen-oxygen distance in the homogeneously doped region. Such findings are interpreted in terms of different Jahn-Teller effects occurring at the two interface sides (downward and upward).
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30
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Moon EJ, Colby R, Wang Q, Karapetrova E, Schlepütz CM, Fitzsimmons MR, May SJ. Spatial control of functional properties via octahedral modulations in complex oxide superlattices. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5710. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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31
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Zhai X, Cheng L, Liu Y, Schlepütz CM, Dong S, Li H, Zhang X, Chu S, Zheng L, Zhang J, Zhao A, Hong H, Bhattacharya A, Eckstein JN, Zeng C. Correlating interfacial octahedral rotations with magnetism in (LaMnO3+δ)N/(SrTiO3)N superlattices. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4283. [PMID: 25005724 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Lattice distortion due to oxygen octahedral rotations have a significant role in mediating the magnetism in oxides, and recently attracts a lot of interests in the study of complex oxides interface. However, the direct experimental evidence for the interrelation between octahedral rotation and magnetism at interface is scarce. Here we demonstrate that interfacial octahedral rotation are closely linked to the strongly modified ferromagnetism in (LaMnO3+δ)N/(SrTiO3)N superlattices. The maximized ferromagnetic moment in the N=6 superlattice is accompanied by a metastable structure (space group Imcm) featuring minimal octahedral rotations (a(-)a(-)c(-), α~4.2°, γ~0.5°). Quenched ferromagnetism for N<4 superlattices is correlated to a substantially enhanced c axis octahedral rotation (a(-)a(-)c(-), α~3.8°, γ~8° for N=2). Monte-Carlo simulation based on double-exchange model qualitatively reproduces the experimental observation, confirming the correlation between octahedral rotation and magnetism. Our study demonstrates that engineering superlattices with controllable interfacial structures can be a feasible new route in realizing functional magnetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Zhai
- 1] Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China [2] Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Long Cheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yang Liu
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | | | - Shuai Dong
- Department of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Hui Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shengqi Chu
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lirong Zheng
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Aidi Zhao
- 1] Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China [2] Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Hawoong Hong
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Anand Bhattacharya
- Materials Science Division and Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - James N Eckstein
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Changgan Zeng
- 1] Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China [2] Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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Baiutti F, Christiani G, Logvenov G. Towards precise defect control in layered oxide structures by using oxide molecular beam epitaxy. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 5:596-602. [PMID: 24995148 PMCID: PMC4079053 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.5.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we present the atomic-layer-by-layer oxide molecular beam epitaxy (ALL-oxide MBE) which has been recently installed in the Max-Planck Institute for Solid State Research and we report on its present status, providing some examples that demonstrate its successful application in the synthesis of different layered oxides, with particular reference to superconducting La2CuO4 and insulator-to-metal La2- x Sr x NiO4. We briefly review the ALL-oxide MBE technique and its unique capabilities in the deposition of atomically smooth single-crystal thin films of various complex oxides, artificial compounds and heterostructures, introducing our goal of pursuing a deep investigation of such systems with particular emphasis on structural defects, with the aim of tailoring their functional properties by precise defects control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Baiutti
- Max-Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Georg Christiani
- Max-Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Gennady Logvenov
- Max-Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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33
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Lattice and strain analysis of atomic resolution Z-contrast images based on template matching. Ultramicroscopy 2014; 136:50-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2013.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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He C, Grutter AJ, Gu M, Browning ND, Takamura Y, Kirby BJ, Borchers JA, Kim JW, Fitzsimmons MR, Zhai X, Mehta VV, Wong FJ, Suzuki Y. Interfacial ferromagnetism and exchange bias in CaRuO3/CaMnO3 superlattices. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:197202. [PMID: 23215420 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.197202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 09/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We have found ferromagnetism in epitaxially grown superlattices of CaRuO(3)/CaMnO(3) that arises in one unit cell at the interface. Scanning transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy indicate that the difference in magnitude of the Mn valence states between the center of the CaMnO(3) layer and the interface region is consistent with double exchange interaction among the Mn ions at the interface. Polarized neutron reflectivity and the CaMnO(3) thickness dependence of the exchange bias field together indicate that the interfacial ferromagnetism is only limited to one unit cell of CaMnO(3) at each interface. The interfacial moment alternates between the 1 μ(B)/interface Mn ion for even CaMnO(3) layers and the 0.5 μ(B)/interface Mn ion for odd CaMnO(3) layers. This modulation, combined with the exchange bias, suggests the presence of a modulating interlayer coupling between neighboring ferromagnetic interfaces via the antiferromagnetic CaMnO(3) layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- C He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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35
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Rondinelli JM, May SJ. Oxide interfaces: Instrumental insights. NATURE MATERIALS 2012; 11:833-834. [PMID: 23001227 DOI: 10.1038/nmat3425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
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36
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Monkman EJ, Adamo C, Mundy JA, Shai DE, Harter JW, Shen D, Burganov B, Muller DA, Schlom DG, Shen KM. Quantum many-body interactions in digital oxide superlattices. NATURE MATERIALS 2012; 11:855-859. [PMID: 22902897 DOI: 10.1038/nmat3405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the electronic properties of interfaces has enormous scientific and technological implications and has been recently extended from semiconductors to complex oxides that host emergent ground states not present in the parent materials. These oxide interfaces present a fundamentally new opportunity where, instead of conventional bandgap engineering, the electronic and magnetic properties can be optimized by engineering quantum many-body interactions. We use an integrated oxide molecular-beam epitaxy and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy system to synthesize and investigate the electronic structure of superlattices of the Mott insulator LaMnO(3) and the band insulator SrMnO(3). By digitally varying the separation between interfaces in (LaMnO(3))(2n)/(SrMnO(3))(n) superlattices with atomic-layer precision, we demonstrate that quantum many-body interactions are enhanced, driving the electronic states from a ferromagnetic polaronic metal to a pseudogapped insulating ground state. This work demonstrates how many-body interactions can be engineered at correlated oxide interfaces, an important prerequisite to exploiting such effects in novel electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Monkman
- Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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37
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Rogdakis K, Seo J, Viskadourakis Z, Wang Y, Ah Qune L, Choi E, Burton J, Tsymbal E, Lee J, Panagopoulos C. Tunable ferroelectricity in artificial tri-layer superlattices comprised of non-ferroic components. Nat Commun 2012; 3:1064. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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38
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Hwang HY, Iwasa Y, Kawasaki M, Keimer B, Nagaosa N, Tokura Y. Emergent phenomena at oxide interfaces. NATURE MATERIALS 2012; 11:103-13. [PMID: 22270825 DOI: 10.1038/nmat3223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 723] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Recent technical advances in the atomic-scale synthesis of oxide heterostructures have provided a fertile new ground for creating novel states at their interfaces. Different symmetry constraints can be used to design structures exhibiting phenomena not found in the bulk constituents. A characteristic feature is the reconstruction of the charge, spin and orbital states at interfaces on the nanometre scale. Examples such as interface superconductivity, magneto-electric coupling, and the quantum Hall effect in oxide heterostructures are representative of the scientific and technological opportunities in this rapidly emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Hwang
- Correlated Electron Research Group, RIKEN-Advanced Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
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Wakabayashi Y. Near-surface structural study of transition metal oxides to understand their electronic properties. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2011; 23:483001. [PMID: 22034385 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/23/48/483001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The atomic arrangement in a solid contains a great amount of information, and observation of its structure is essential for understanding the electronic and magnetic properties of transition metal oxides at a microscopic level. Increasing interest in the surfaces and interfaces of oxide systems, which is partly driven by the anticipation of device applications, enhances the importance of structural studies of the near-surface region. We review various types of structural studies with x-ray scattering on the near-surface region of metal oxides-from thick films to surfaces-in order to clarify the structural effects on their electronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Wakabayashi
- Division of Materials Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
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Rondinelli JM, Spaldin NA. Structure and properties of functional oxide thin films: insights from electronic-structure calculations. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2011; 23:3363-3381. [PMID: 21748811 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201101152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The confluence of state-of-the-art electronic-structure computations and modern synthetic materials growth techniques is proving indispensable in the search for and discovery of new functionalities in oxide thin films and heterostructures. Here, we review the recent contributions of electronic-structure calculations to predicting, understanding, and discovering new materials physics in thin-film perovskite oxides. We show that such calculations can accurately predict both structure and properties in advance of film synthesis, thereby guiding the search for materials combinations with specific targeted functionalities. In addition, because they can isolate and decouple the effects of various parameters which unavoidably occur simultaneously in an experiment-such as epitaxial strain, interfacial chemistry and defect profiles-they are able to provide new fundamental knowledge about the underlying physics. We conclude by outlining the limitations of current computational techniques, as well as some important open questions that we hope will motivate further methodological developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Rondinelli
- X-Ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA.
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41
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Perucchi A, Baldassarre L, Nucara A, Calvani P, Adamo C, Schlom DG, Orgiani P, Maritato L, Lupi S. Optical properties of (SrMnO₃)n/(LaMnO₃)₂n superlattices: an insulator-to-metal transition observed in the absence of disorder. NANO LETTERS 2010; 10:4819-4823. [PMID: 21058711 DOI: 10.1021/nl1022628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We measure the optical conductivity, σ1(ω), of (SrMnO3)n/(LaMnO3)2n superlattices (SL) for n = 1, 3, 5, and 8 and 10 < T < 400 K. Data show a T-dependent insulator to metal transition (IMT) for n ≤ 3, driven by the softening of a polaronic mid-infrared band. At n = 5 that softening is incomplete, while at the largest-period n = 8 compound the MIR band is independent of T and the SL remains insulating. One can thus first observe the IMT in a Manganite system in the absence of the disorder due to chemical doping. Unsuccessful reconstruction of the SL optical properties from those of the original bulk materials suggests that (SrMnO3)n/(LaMnO3)2n heterostructures give rise to a novel electronic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Perucchi
- Sincrotrone Trieste, Area Science Park, I-34012 Trieste, Italy
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42
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Garcia-Barriocanal J, Cezar J, Bruno F, Thakur P, Brookes N, Utfeld C, Rivera-Calzada A, Giblin S, Taylor J, Duffy J, Dugdale S, Nakamura T, Kodama K, Leon C, Okamoto S, Santamaria J. Spin and orbital Ti magnetism at LaMnO3/SrTiO3 interfaces. Nat Commun 2010; 1:82. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2010] [Accepted: 08/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Kim HS, Christen HM. Controlling the magnetic properties of LaMnO3 thin films on SrTiO3(100) by deposition in a O2/Ar gas mixture. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2010; 22:146007. [PMID: 21389541 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/14/146007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The magnetic, structural, and transport properties of pulsed-laser deposited LaMnO(3) thin films are analyzed as a function of the O(2) partial pressure in the growth environment (using an O(2)/Ar gas mixture). Interestingly, the magnetic properties do not change gradually as the O(2) content increases. Instead, ferromagnetism emerges rapidly with the oxygen; a critical amount of Ar is needed to suppress ferromagnetism effectively in LaMnO(3) thin films. The most dramatic suppression of ferromagnetism occurs only in the narrow window below 10% oxygen, where the ferromagnetic moments decrease by a factor of 17. Above a certain oxygen concentration, the ferromagnetic moment no longer increases with oxygen. The sample grown in pure oxygen shows a metal-insulator transition at ∼200 K, but exhibits an insulating behavior again below ∼150 K. This intermediate metallic behavior is significantly suppressed by using the O(2)/Ar gas mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Kim
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6114, USA
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Shah AB, Ramasse QM, Zhai X, Wen JG, May SJ, Petrov I, Bhattacharya A, Abbamonte P, Eckstein JN, Zuo JM. Probing interfacial electronic structures in atomic layer LaMnO(3) and SrTiO(3) superlattices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:1156-1160. [PMID: 20401940 DOI: 10.1002/adma.200904198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amish B Shah
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Fredrick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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Zhai X, Mohapatra CS, Shah AB, Zuo JM, Eckstein JN. New optical absorption bands in atomic-layer superlattices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:1136-1139. [PMID: 20401937 DOI: 10.1002/adma.200904197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Zhai
- Materials Research Laboratory and Department of Physics University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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46
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Garcia-Barriocanal J, Bruno FY, Rivera-Calzada A, Sefrioui Z, Nemes NM, Garcia-Hernández M, Rubio-Zuazo J, Castro GR, Varela M, Pennycook SJ, Leon C, Santamaria J. "Charge leakage" at LaMnO3/SrTiO3 interfaces. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:627-632. [PMID: 20217762 DOI: 10.1002/adma.200902263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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47
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May SJ, Ryan PJ, Robertson JL, Kim JW, Santos TS, Karapetrova E, Zarestky JL, Zhai X, te Velthuis SGE, Eckstein JN, Bader SD, Bhattacharya A. Enhanced ordering temperatures in antiferromagnetic manganite superlattices. NATURE MATERIALS 2009; 8:892-7. [PMID: 19838186 DOI: 10.1038/nmat2557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2009] [Accepted: 09/21/2009] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The disorder inherent to doping by cation substitution in the complex oxides can have profound effects on collective-ordered states. Here, we demonstrate that cation-site ordering achieved through digital-synthesis techniques can dramatically enhance the antiferromagnetic ordering temperatures of manganite films. Cation-ordered (LaMnO3)m/(SrMnO3)2m superlattices show Néel temperatures (TN) that are the highest of any La(1-x)Sr(x)MnO3 compound, approximately 70 K greater than compositionally equivalent randomly doped La(1/3)Sr(2/3)MnO3. The antiferromagnetic order is A-type, consisting of in-plane double-exchange-mediated ferromagnetic sheets coupled antiferromagnetically along the out-of-plane direction. Through synchrotron X-ray scattering, we have discovered an in-plane structural modulation that reduces the charge itinerancy and hence the ordering temperature within the ferromagnetic sheets, thereby limiting TN. This modulation is mitigated and driven to long wavelengths by cation ordering, enabling the higher TN values of the superlattices. These results provide insight into how cation-site ordering can enhance cooperative behaviour in oxides through subtle structural phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J May
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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Dong S, Yamauchi K, Yunoki S, Yu R, Liang S, Moreo A, Liu JM, Picozzi S, Dagotto E. Exchange bias driven by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and ferroelectric polarization at G-type antiferromagnetic perovskite interfaces. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 103:127201. [PMID: 19792455 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.127201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Exchange bias is usually rationalized invoking spin pinning effects caused by uncompensated antiferromagnetic interfaces. However, for compensated antiferromagnets other extrinsic factors, such as interface roughness or spin canting, have to be considered to produce a small uncompensation. As an alternative, here we propose two (related) possible mechanisms, driven by the intrinsic Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and ferroelectric polarization, for the explanation of exchange bias effects in perovskites with compensated G-type antiferromagnetism. One of the mechanisms is only active when a multiferroic material is involved and it is controllable by electric fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Dong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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Smadici S, Lee JCT, Wang S, Abbamonte P, Logvenov G, Gozar A, Cavellin CD, Bozovic I. Superconducting transition at 38 K in insulating-overdoped La2CuO4-La1.64Sr0.36CuO4 superlattices: evidence for interface electronic redistribution from resonant soft X-ray scattering. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:107004. [PMID: 19392148 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.107004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We use resonant soft x-ray scattering (RSXS) to quantify the hole distribution in a superlattice of insulating La2CuO4 (LCO) and overdoped La2-xSrxCuO4 (LSCO). Despite its nonsuperconducting constituents, this structure is superconducting with T_{c}=38 K. We found that the conducting holes redistribute electronically from LSCO to the LCO layers. The LCO layers were found to be optimally doped, suggesting they are the main drivers of superconductivity. Our results demonstrate the utility of RSXS for separating electronic from structural effects at oxide interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Smadici
- Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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