1
|
Malko S, Vaisseau X, Perez F, Batani D, Curcio A, Ehret M, Honrubia J, Jakubowska K, Morace A, Santos JJ, Volpe L. Enhanced relativistic-electron beam collimation using two consecutive laser pulses. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14061. [PMID: 31575932 PMCID: PMC6773764 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50401-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The double laser pulse approach to relativistic electron beam (REB) collimation in solid targets has been investigated at the LULI-ELFIE facility. In this scheme two collinear laser pulses are focused onto a solid target with a given intensity ratio and time delay to generate REBs. The magnetic field generated by the first laser-driven REB is used to guide the REB generated by a second delayed laser pulse. We show how electron beam collimation can be controlled by properly adjusting the ratio of focus size and the delay time between the two pulses. We found that the maximum of electron beam collimation is clearly dependent on the laser focal spot size ratio and related to the magnetic field dynamics. Cu-Kα and CTR imaging diagnostics were implemented to evaluate the collimation effects on the respectively low energy (≤100 keV) and high energy (≥MeV) components of the REB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Malko
- Centro de Laseres Pulsados (CLPU), Parque Cientifico, E-37185, Villamayor, Salamanca, Spain. .,University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Xavier Vaisseau
- Centro de Laseres Pulsados (CLPU), Parque Cientifico, E-37185, Villamayor, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Frederic Perez
- Laboratoire pour l'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, CEA, UMR 7605, F-91128, Palaiseau, France
| | - Dimitri Batani
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405, Talence, France
| | | | - Michael Ehret
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405, Talence, France.,Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstrasse 9, 64289, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Javier Honrubia
- ETSI Aeronáuticos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Katarzyna Jakubowska
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery 23, 01-497, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alessio Morace
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - João Jorge Santos
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - Luca Volpe
- Centro de Laseres Pulsados (CLPU), Parque Cientifico, E-37185, Villamayor, Salamanca, Spain.,Laser-Plasma Chair at the University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Green JS, Booth N, Dance RJ, Gray RJ, MacLellan DA, Marshall A, McKenna P, Murphy CD, Ridgers CP, Robinson APL, Rusby D, Scott RHH, Wilson L. Time-resolved measurements of fast electron recirculation for relativistically intense femtosecond scale laser-plasma interactions. Sci Rep 2018. [PMID: 29540743 PMCID: PMC5852165 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22422-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A key issue in realising the development of a number of applications of high-intensity lasers is the dynamics of the fast electrons produced and how to diagnose them. We report on measurements of fast electron transport in aluminium targets in the ultra-intense, short-pulse (<50 fs) regime using a high resolution temporally and spatially resolved optical probe. The measurements show a rapidly (≈0.5c) expanding region of Ohmic heating at the rear of the target, driven by lateral transport of the fast electron population inside the target. Simulations demonstrate that a broad angular distribution of fast electrons on the order of 60° is required, in conjunction with extensive recirculation of the electron population, in order to drive such lateral transport. These results provide fundamental new insight into fast electron dynamics driven by ultra-short laser pulses, which is an important regime for the development of laser-based radiation and particle sources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J S Green
- Central Laser Facility, STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon, OX11 0QX, UK.
| | - N Booth
- Central Laser Facility, STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - R J Dance
- York Plasma Institute, Department of Physics, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - R J Gray
- Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NG, UK
| | - D A MacLellan
- Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NG, UK
| | - A Marshall
- York Plasma Institute, Department of Physics, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - P McKenna
- Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NG, UK
| | - C D Murphy
- York Plasma Institute, Department of Physics, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - C P Ridgers
- York Plasma Institute, Department of Physics, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - A P L Robinson
- Central Laser Facility, STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - D Rusby
- Central Laser Facility, STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon, OX11 0QX, UK.,Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NG, UK
| | - R H H Scott
- Central Laser Facility, STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - L Wilson
- Central Laser Facility, STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon, OX11 0QX, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bailly-Grandvaux M, Santos JJ, Bellei C, Forestier-Colleoni P, Fujioka S, Giuffrida L, Honrubia JJ, Batani D, Bouillaud R, Chevrot M, Cross JE, Crowston R, Dorard S, Dubois JL, Ehret M, Gregori G, Hulin S, Kojima S, Loyez E, Marquès JR, Morace A, Nicolaï P, Roth M, Sakata S, Schaumann G, Serres F, Servel J, Tikhonchuk VT, Woolsey N, Zhang Z. Guiding of relativistic electron beams in dense matter by laser-driven magnetostatic fields. Nat Commun 2018; 9:102. [PMID: 29317653 PMCID: PMC5760627 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02641-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Intense lasers interacting with dense targets accelerate relativistic electron beams, which transport part of the laser energy into the target depth. However, the overall laser-to-target energy coupling efficiency is impaired by the large divergence of the electron beam, intrinsic to the laser-plasma interaction. Here we demonstrate that an efficient guiding of MeV electrons with about 30 MA current in solid matter is obtained by imposing a laser-driven longitudinal magnetostatic field of 600 T. In the magnetized conditions the transported energy density and the peak background electron temperature at the 60-μm-thick target's rear surface rise by about a factor of five, as unfolded from benchmarked simulations. Such an improvement of energy-density flux through dense matter paves the ground for advances in laser-driven intense sources of energetic particles and radiation, driving matter to extreme temperatures, reaching states relevant for planetary or stellar science as yet inaccessible at the laboratory scale and achieving high-gain laser-driven thermonuclear fusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Bailly-Grandvaux
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - J J Santos
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405, Talence, France.
| | - C Bellei
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - P Forestier-Colleoni
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - S Fujioka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - L Giuffrida
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - J J Honrubia
- ETSI Aeronáutica y del Espacio, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Plaza del Cardenal Cisneros 3, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - D Batani
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - R Bouillaud
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - M Chevrot
- LULI, UMR 7605, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, UPMC: Sorbonne Universités, F-91128, Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - J E Cross
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - R Crowston
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - S Dorard
- LULI, UMR 7605, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, UPMC: Sorbonne Universités, F-91128, Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - J-L Dubois
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - M Ehret
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405, Talence, France
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstrasse 9, 64289, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - G Gregori
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - S Hulin
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - S Kojima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - E Loyez
- LULI, UMR 7605, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, UPMC: Sorbonne Universités, F-91128, Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - J-R Marquès
- LULI, UMR 7605, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, UPMC: Sorbonne Universités, F-91128, Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - A Morace
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ph Nicolaï
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - M Roth
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstrasse 9, 64289, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - S Sakata
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - G Schaumann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstrasse 9, 64289, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - F Serres
- LULI, UMR 7605, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, UPMC: Sorbonne Universités, F-91128, Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - J Servel
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - V T Tikhonchuk
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - N Woolsey
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Z Zhang
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Vaisseau X, Morace A, Touati M, Nakatsutsumi M, Baton SD, Hulin S, Nicolaï P, Nuter R, Batani D, Beg FN, Breil J, Fedosejevs R, Feugeas JL, Forestier-Colleoni P, Fourment C, Fujioka S, Giuffrida L, Kerr S, McLean HS, Sawada H, Tikhonchuk VT, Santos JJ. Collimated Propagation of Fast Electron Beams Accelerated by High-Contrast Laser Pulses in Highly Resistive Shocked Carbon. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 118:205001. [PMID: 28581770 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.205001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Collimated transport of ultrahigh intensity electron current was observed in cold and in laser-shocked vitreous carbon, in agreement with simulation predictions. The fast electron beams were created by coupling high-intensity and high-contrast laser pulses onto copper-coated cones drilled into the carbon samples. The guiding mechanism-observed only for times before the shock breakout at the inner cone tip-is due to self-generated resistive magnetic fields of ∼0.5-1 kT arising from the intense currents of fast electrons in vitreous carbon, by virtue of its specific high resistivity over the range of explored background temperatures. The spatial distribution of the electron beams, injected through the samples at different stages of compression, was characterized by side-on imaging of hard x-ray fluorescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Vaisseau
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - A Morace
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - M Touati
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405 Talence, France
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - M Nakatsutsumi
- LULI-CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, LULI, place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France
| | - S D Baton
- LULI-CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, LULI, place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France
| | - S Hulin
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - Ph Nicolaï
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - R Nuter
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - D Batani
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - F N Beg
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - J Breil
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - R Fedosejevs
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2G7, Canada
| | - J-L Feugeas
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - P Forestier-Colleoni
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - C Fourment
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - S Fujioka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - L Giuffrida
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - S Kerr
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2G7, Canada
| | - H S McLean
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - H Sawada
- University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - V T Tikhonchuk
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - J J Santos
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), UMR 5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang B, Niu G, Liu XD, Yang Y, He W, Zhu Y, Yu B, Zhou XW, Wu WD. Preparation of size controllable porous polymethylmethacrylate template and Cu micro/nanowire arrays. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15837d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Preparation of a size controllable porous polymethylmethacrylate template and Cu micro/nanowire arrays by an iterative melt co-drawing and bundling technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Research Center of Laser Fusion
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Mianyang 621900
- China
| | - Gao Niu
- Research Center of Laser Fusion
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Mianyang 621900
- China
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory
| | - Xu-Dong Liu
- Research Center of Laser Fusion
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Mianyang 621900
- China
| | - Yi Yang
- Research Center of Laser Fusion
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Mianyang 621900
- China
| | - Wei He
- Research Center of Laser Fusion
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Mianyang 621900
- China
| | - Ye Zhu
- Research Center of Laser Fusion
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Mianyang 621900
- China
| | - Bin Yu
- Research Center of Laser Fusion
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Mianyang 621900
- China
| | - Xiu-Wen Zhou
- Research Center of Laser Fusion
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Mianyang 621900
- China
| | - Wei-Dong Wu
- Research Center of Laser Fusion
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Mianyang 621900
- China
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Booth N, Robinson APL, Hakel P, Clarke RJ, Dance RJ, Doria D, Gizzi LA, Gregori G, Koester P, Labate L, Levato T, Li B, Makita M, Mancini RC, Pasley J, Rajeev PP, Riley D, Wagenaars E, Waugh JN, Woolsey NC. Laboratory measurements of resistivity in warm dense plasmas relevant to the microphysics of brown dwarfs. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8742. [PMID: 26541650 PMCID: PMC4667641 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the observation of the first brown dwarf in 1995, numerous studies have led to a better understanding of the structures of these objects. Here we present a method for studying material resistivity in warm dense plasmas in the laboratory, which we relate to the microphysics of brown dwarfs through viscosity and electron collisions. Here we use X-ray polarimetry to determine the resistivity of a sulphur-doped plastic target heated to Brown Dwarf conditions by an ultra-intense laser. The resistivity is determined by matching the plasma physics model to the atomic physics calculations of the measured large, positive, polarization. The inferred resistivity is larger than predicted using standard resistivity models, suggesting that these commonly used models will not adequately describe the resistivity of warm dense plasma related to the viscosity of brown dwarfs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Booth
- Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK
| | - A P L Robinson
- Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK
| | - P Hakel
- Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557-0208, USA
| | - R J Clarke
- Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK
| | - R J Dance
- Department of Physics, York Plasma Institute, University of York, Heslington York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - D Doria
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT1 4NN, UK
| | - L A Gizzi
- Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, Area della Ricerca del CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Gregori
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX4 3PU, UK
| | - P Koester
- Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, Area della Ricerca del CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - L Labate
- Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, Area della Ricerca del CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - T Levato
- Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, Area della Ricerca del CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - B Li
- Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK
| | - M Makita
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT1 4NN, UK
| | - R C Mancini
- Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557-0208, USA
| | - J Pasley
- Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK.,Department of Physics, York Plasma Institute, University of York, Heslington York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - P P Rajeev
- Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK
| | - D Riley
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT1 4NN, UK
| | - E Wagenaars
- Department of Physics, York Plasma Institute, University of York, Heslington York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - J N Waugh
- Department of Physics, York Plasma Institute, University of York, Heslington York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - N C Woolsey
- Department of Physics, York Plasma Institute, University of York, Heslington York YO10 5DD, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
McKeever K, Makita M, Nersisyan G, Dzelzainis T, White S, Kettle B, Dromey B, Zepf M, Sarri G, Doria D, Ahmed H, Lewis CLS, Riley D, Robinson APL. Fast-electron refluxing effects on anisotropic hard-x-ray emission from intense laser-plasma interactions. Phys Rev E 2015; 91:033107. [PMID: 25871224 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.91.033107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Fast-electron generation and dynamics, including electron refluxing, is at the core of understanding high-intensity laser-plasma interactions. This field is itself of strong relevance to fast ignition fusion and the development of new short-pulse, intense, x-ray, γ-ray, and particle sources. In this paper, we describe experiments that explicitly link fast-electron refluxing and anisotropy in hard-x-ray emission. We find the anisotropy in x-ray emission to be strongly correlated to the suppression of refluxing. In contrast to some previous work, the peak of emission is directly along the rear normal to the target rather than along either the incident laser direction or the specular reflection direction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K McKeever
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - M Makita
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - G Nersisyan
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - T Dzelzainis
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - S White
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - B Kettle
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - B Dromey
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - M Zepf
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - G Sarri
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - D Doria
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - H Ahmed
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - C L S Lewis
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - D Riley
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - A P L Robinson
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot OX11 OQX, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Inoue S, Tokita S, Hashida M, Sakabe S. Transient changes in electric fields induced by interaction of ultraintense laser pulses with insulator and metal foils: Sustainable fields spanning several millimeters. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2015; 91:043101. [PMID: 25974596 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.91.043101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The temporal evolutions of electromagnetic fields generated by the interaction between ultraintense lasers (1.3×10(18) and 8.2×10(18)W/cm(2)) and solid targets at a distance of several millimeters from the laser-irradiated region have been investigated by electron deflectometry. For three types of foil targets (insulating foil, conductive foil, and insulating foil onto which a metal disk was deposited), transient changes in the fields were observed. We found that the direction, strength, and temporal evolution of the generated fields differ markedly for these three types of targets. The results provide an insight for studying the emission dynamics of laser-accelerated fast electrons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Inoue
- Advanced Research Center for Beam Science, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
- and Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shigeki Tokita
- Advanced Research Center for Beam Science, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
- and Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Masaki Hashida
- Advanced Research Center for Beam Science, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
- and Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shuji Sakabe
- Advanced Research Center for Beam Science, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
- and Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
MacLellan DA, Carroll DC, Gray RJ, Booth N, Burza M, Desjarlais MP, Du F, Neely D, Powell HW, Robinson APL, Scott GG, Yuan XH, Wahlström CG, McKenna P. Tunable mega-ampere electron current propagation in solids by dynamic control of lattice melt. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:185001. [PMID: 25396375 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.185001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The influence of lattice-melt-induced resistivity gradients on the transport of mega-ampere currents of fast electrons in solids is investigated numerically and experimentally using laser-accelerated protons to induce isochoric heating. Tailoring the heating profile enables the resistive magnetic fields which strongly influence the current propagation to be manipulated. This tunable laser-driven process enables important fast electron beam properties, including the beam divergence, profile, and symmetry to be actively tailored, and without recourse to complex target manufacture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D A MacLellan
- SUPA, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, United Kingdom
| | - D C Carroll
- SUPA, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, United Kingdom
| | - R J Gray
- SUPA, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, United Kingdom
| | - N Booth
- Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - M Burza
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - M P Desjarlais
- Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - F Du
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - D Neely
- Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - H W Powell
- SUPA, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, United Kingdom
| | - A P L Robinson
- Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - G G Scott
- SUPA, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, United Kingdom and Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - X H Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - C-G Wahlström
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - P McKenna
- SUPA, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
White TG, Hartley NJ, Borm B, Crowley BJB, Harris JWO, Hochhaus DC, Kaempfer T, Li K, Neumayer P, Pattison LK, Pfeifer F, Richardson S, Robinson APL, Uschmann I, Gregori G. Electron-ion equilibration in ultrafast heated graphite. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:145005. [PMID: 24765980 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.145005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We have employed fast electrons produced by intense laser illumination to isochorically heat thermal electrons in solid density carbon to temperatures of ∼10,000 K. Using time-resolved x-ray diffraction, the temperature evolution of the lattice ions is obtained through the Debye-Waller effect, and this directly relates to the electron-ion equilibration rate. This is shown to be considerably lower than predicted from ideal plasma models. We attribute this to strong ion coupling screening the electron-ion interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T G White
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - N J Hartley
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - B Borm
- Goethe-Universität, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - B J B Crowley
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom and AWE, Aldermaston, Reading, Berkshire RG7 4PR, United Kingdom
| | - J W O Harris
- AWE, Aldermaston, Reading, Berkshire RG7 4PR, United Kingdom
| | - D C Hochhaus
- ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI and Research Division, GSI Helmholtzzentrum fr Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - T Kaempfer
- Helmholtzinstitut Jena, Fröbelstieg 1, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - K Li
- ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI and Research Division, GSI Helmholtzzentrum fr Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - P Neumayer
- ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI and Research Division, GSI Helmholtzzentrum fr Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - L K Pattison
- AWE, Aldermaston, Reading, Berkshire RG7 4PR, United Kingdom
| | - F Pfeifer
- Goethe-Universität, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - S Richardson
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom and AWE, Aldermaston, Reading, Berkshire RG7 4PR, United Kingdom
| | - A P L Robinson
- Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - I Uschmann
- Helmholtzinstitut Jena, Fröbelstieg 1, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - G Gregori
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cai H, Zhu S, He X, Mima K. Study on magnetic field generation and electron collimation in overdense plasmas. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20135917017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
12
|
MacLellan DA, Carroll DC, Gray RJ, Booth N, Burza M, Desjarlais MP, Du F, Gonzalez-Izquierdo B, Neely D, Powell HW, Robinson APL, Rusby DR, Scott GG, Yuan XH, Wahlström CG, McKenna P. Annular fast electron transport in silicon arising from low-temperature resistivity. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:095001. [PMID: 24033041 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.095001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Fast electron transport in Si, driven by ultraintense laser pulses, is investigated experimentally and via 3D hybrid particle-in-cell simulations. A transition from a Gaussian-like to an annular fast electron beam profile is demonstrated and explained by resistively generated magnetic fields. The results highlight the potential to completely transform the beam transport pattern by tailoring the resistivity-temperature profile at temperatures as low as a few eV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D A MacLellan
- Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sarri G, Macchi A, Cecchetti CA, Kar S, Liseykina TV, Yang XH, Dieckmann ME, Fuchs J, Galimberti M, Gizzi LA, Jung R, Kourakis I, Osterholz J, Pegoraro F, Robinson APL, Romagnani L, Willi O, Borghesi M. Dynamics of self-generated, large amplitude magnetic fields following high-intensity laser matter interaction. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:205002. [PMID: 23215496 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.205002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Revised: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of magnetic fields with an amplitude of several tens of megagauss, generated at both sides of a solid target irradiated with a high-intensity (~10(19) W/cm(2)) picosecond laser pulse, has been spatially and temporally resolved using a proton imaging technique. The amplitude of the magnetic fields is sufficiently large to have a constraining effect on the radial expansion of the plasma sheath at the target surfaces. These results, supported by numerical simulations and simple analytical modeling, may have implications for ion acceleration driven by the plasma sheath at the rear side of the target as well as for the laboratory study of self-collimated high-energy plasma jets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Sarri
- School of Mathematics and Physics, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Robinson APL, Key MH, Tabak M. Focusing of relativistic electrons in dense plasma using a resistivity-gradient-generated magnetic switchyard. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:125004. [PMID: 22540591 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.125004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A method for producing a self-generated magnetic focussing structure for a beam of laser-generated relativistic electrons using a complex array of resistivity gradients is proposed and demonstrated using numerical simulations. The array of resistivity gradients is created by using a target consisting of alternating layers of different Z material. This new scheme is capable of effectively focussing the fast electrons even when the source is highly divergent. The application of this technique to cone-guided fast ignition inertial confinement fusion is considered, and it is shown that it may be possible to deposit over 25% of the fast electron energy into a hot spot even when the fast electron divergence angle is very large (e.g., 70° half-angle).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A P L Robinson
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon., OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sentoku Y, d'Humières E, Romagnani L, Audebert P, Fuchs J. Dynamic control over mega-ampere electron currents in metals using ionization-driven resistive magnetic fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:135005. [PMID: 22026865 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.135005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The possibility of dynamically shaping mega-ampere electron currents generated in solids by ultraintense laser pulses in various conductor materials has been investigated. By tuning the target ionization dynamics, which depends both on the target material properties and on the input electron beam characteristics, we can control the growth of resistive magnetic fields that feedback on the current transport. As a result, collimation, hollowing, or filamentation of the electron beam can all be obtained. These results are beneficial for applications such as the production of secondary particles and radiation sources and fast ignition of inertial confinement fusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Sentoku
- Physics Department, University of Nevada, Reno, 89557, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Pérez F, Debayle A, Honrubia J, Koenig M, Batani D, Baton SD, Beg FN, Benedetti C, Brambrink E, Chawla S, Dorchies F, Fourment C, Galimberti M, Gizzi LA, Gremillet L, Heathcote R, Higginson DP, Hulin S, Jafer R, Koester P, Labate L, Lancaster KL, MacKinnon AJ, MacPhee AG, Nazarov W, Nicolai P, Pasley J, Ramis R, Richetta M, Santos JJ, Sgattoni A, Spindloe C, Vauzour B, Vinci T, Volpe L. Magnetically guided fast electrons in cylindrically compressed matter. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:065004. [PMID: 21902333 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.065004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Fast electrons produced by a 10 ps, 160 J laser pulse through laser-compressed plastic cylinders are studied experimentally and numerically in the context of fast ignition. K(α)-emission images reveal a collimated or scattered electron beam depending on the initial density and the compression timing. A numerical transport model shows that implosion-driven electrical resistivity gradients induce strong magnetic fields able to guide the electrons. The good agreement with measured beam sizes provides the first experimental evidence for fast-electron magnetic collimation in laser-compressed matter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Pérez
- LULI, École Polytechnique, CNRS, CEA, UPMC, Palaiseau, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Nicolaï P, Feugeas JL, Regan C, Olazabal-Loumé M, Breil J, Dubroca B, Morreeuw JP, Tikhonchuk V. Effect of the plasma-generated magnetic field on relativistic electron transport. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2011; 84:016402. [PMID: 21867317 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.84.016402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Revised: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In the fast-ignition scheme, relativistic electrons transport energy from the laser deposition zone to the dense part of the target where the fusion reactions can be ignited. The magnetic fields and electron collisions play an important role in the collimation or defocusing of this electron beam. Detailed description of these effects requires large-scale kinetic calculations and is limited to short time intervals. In this paper, a reduced kinetic model of fast electron transport coupled to the radiation hydrodynamic code is presented. It opens the possibility to carry on hybrid simulations in a time scale of tens of picoseconds or more. It is shown with this code that plasma-generated magnetic fields induced by noncollinear temperature and density gradients may strongly modify electron transport in a time scale of a few picoseconds. These fields tend to defocus the electron beam, reducing the coupling efficiency to the target. This effect, that was not seen before in shorter time simulations, has to be accounted for in any ignition design using electrons as a driver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ph Nicolaï
- Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, Université Bordeaux 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Talence, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
McKenna P, Robinson APL, Neely D, Desjarlais MP, Carroll DC, Quinn MN, Yuan XH, Brenner CM, Burza M, Coury M, Gallegos P, Gray RJ, Lancaster KL, Li YT, Lin XX, Tresca O, Wahlström CG. Effect of lattice structure on energetic electron transport in solids irradiated by ultraintense laser pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 106:185004. [PMID: 21635098 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.185004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The effect of lattice structure on the transport of energetic (MeV) electrons in solids irradiated by ultraintense laser pulses is investigated using various allotropes of carbon. We observe smooth electron transport in diamond, whereas beam filamentation is observed with less ordered forms of carbon. The highly ordered lattice structure of diamond is shown to result in a transient state of warm dense carbon with metalliclike conductivity, at temperatures of the order of 1-100 eV, leading to suppression of electron beam filamentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P McKenna
- SUPA, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cai HB, Zhu SP, Chen M, Wu SZ, He XT, Mima K. Magnetic-field generation and electron-collimation analysis for propagating fast electron beams in overdense plasmas. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2011; 83:036408. [PMID: 21517605 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.83.036408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2010] [Revised: 01/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
An analytical fluid model is proposed for artificially collimating fast electron beams produced in the interaction of ultraintense laser pulses with specially engineered low-density-core-high-density-cladding structure targets. Since this theory clearly predicts the characteristics of the spontaneously generated magnetic field and its dependence on the plasma parameters of the targets transporting fast electrons, it is of substantial relevance to the target design for fast ignition. The theory also reveals that the rapid changing of the flow velocity of the background electrons in a transverse direction (perpendicular to the flow velocity) caused by the density jump dominates the generation of a spontaneous interface magnetic field for these kinds of targets. It is found that the spontaneously generated magnetic field reaches as high as 100 MG, which is large enough to collimate fast electron transport in overdense plasmas. This theory is also supported by numerical simulations performed using a two-dimensional particle-in-cell code. It is found that the simulation results agree well with the theoretical analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Cai
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ramakrishna B, Kar S, Robinson APL, Adams DJ, Markey K, Quinn MN, Yuan XH, McKenna P, Lancaster KL, Green JS, Scott RHH, Norreys PA, Schreiber J, Zepf M. Laser-driven fast electron collimation in targets with resistivity boundary. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:135001. [PMID: 21230778 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.135001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2009] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate experimentally that the relativistic electron flow in a dense plasma can be efficiently confined and guided in targets exhibiting a high-resistivity-core-low-resistivity-cladding structure analogous to optical waveguides. The relativistic electron beam is shown to be confined to an area of the order of the core diameter (50 μm), which has the potential to substantially enhance the coupling efficiency of electrons to the compressed fusion fuel in the Fast Ignitor fusion in full-scale fusion experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Ramakrishna
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|