1
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Barral P, Cantara M, Du L, Lunden W, de Hond J, Jamison AO, Ketterle W. Suppressing dipolar relaxation in thin layers of dysprosium atoms. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3566. [PMID: 38670953 PMCID: PMC11052996 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47260-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The dipolar interaction can be attractive or repulsive, depending on the position and orientation of the dipoles. Constraining atoms to a plane with their magnetic moment aligned perpendicularly leads to a largely side-by-side repulsion and generates a dipolar barrier which prevents atoms from approaching each other. We show experimentally and theoretically how this can suppress dipolar relaxation, the dominant loss process in spin mixtures of highly magnetic atoms. Using dysprosium, we observe an order of magnitude reduction in the relaxation rate constant, and another factor of ten is within reach based on the models which we have validated with our experimental study. The loss suppression opens up many new possibilities for quantum simulations with spin mixtures of highly magnetic atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Barral
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, and Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Michael Cantara
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, and Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Li Du
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, and Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - William Lunden
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, and Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Julius de Hond
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, and Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Alan O Jamison
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, and Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Wolfgang Ketterle
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, and Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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2
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Bloch D, Hofer B, Cohen SR, Browaeys A, Ferrier-Barbut I. Trapping and Imaging Single Dysprosium Atoms in Optical Tweezer Arrays. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:203401. [PMID: 38039457 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.203401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
We report the preparation and observation of single atoms of dysprosium in arrays of optical tweezers with a wavelength of 532 nm, imaged on the intercombination line at 626 nm. We use the anisotropic light shift specific to lanthanides and in particular a large difference in tensor and vector polarizabilities between the ground and excited states to tune the differential light shift and produce tweezers in near-magic or magic polarization. This allows us to find a regime where single atoms can be trapped and imaged. Using the tweezer array toolbox to manipulate lanthanides will open new research directions for quantum physics studies by taking advantage of their rich spectrum, large spin, and magnetic dipole moment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Bloch
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d'Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, 91127, Palaiseau, France
| | - Britton Hofer
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d'Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, 91127, Palaiseau, France
| | - Sam R Cohen
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d'Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, 91127, Palaiseau, France
| | - Antoine Browaeys
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d'Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, 91127, Palaiseau, France
| | - Igor Ferrier-Barbut
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d'Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, 91127, Palaiseau, France
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3
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Yi CH, Park HC, Park MJ. Bloch theorem dictated wave chaos in microcavity crystals. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:106. [PMID: 37142580 PMCID: PMC10160058 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01156-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Universality class of wave chaos emerges in many areas of science, such as molecular dynamics, optics, and network theory. In this work, we generalize the wave chaos theory to cavity lattice systems by discovering the intrinsic coupling of the crystal momentum to the internal cavity dynamics. The cavity-momentum locking substitutes the role of the deformed boundary shape in the ordinary single microcavity problem, providing a new platform for the in situ study of microcavity light dynamics. The transmutation of wave chaos in periodic lattices leads to a phase space reconfiguration that induces a dynamical localization transition. The degenerate scar-mode spinors hybridize and non-trivially localize around regular islands in phase space. In addition, we find that the momentum coupling becomes maximal at the Brillouin zone boundary, so the intercavity chaotic modes coupling and wave confinement are significantly altered. Our work pioneers the study of intertwining wave chaos in periodic systems and provide useful applications in light dynamics control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hwan Yi
- Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Chul Park
- Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Physics, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.
| | - Moon Jip Park
- Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Physics, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Chomaz L, Ferrier-Barbut I, Ferlaino F, Laburthe-Tolra B, Lev BL, Pfau T. Dipolar physics: a review of experiments with magnetic quantum gases. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2022; 86:026401. [PMID: 36583342 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/aca814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Since the achievement of quantum degeneracy in gases of chromium atoms in 2004, the experimental investigation of ultracold gases made of highly magnetic atoms has blossomed. The field has yielded the observation of many unprecedented phenomena, in particular those in which long-range and anisotropic dipole-dipole interactions (DDIs) play a crucial role. In this review, we aim to present the aspects of the magnetic quantum-gas platform that make it unique for exploring ultracold and quantum physics as well as to give a thorough overview of experimental achievements. Highly magnetic atoms distinguish themselves by the fact that their electronic ground-state configuration possesses a large electronic total angular momentum. This results in a large magnetic moment and a rich electronic transition spectrum. Such transitions are useful for cooling, trapping, and manipulating these atoms. The complex atomic structure and large dipolar moments of these atoms also lead to a dense spectrum of resonances in their two-body scattering behaviour. These resonances can be used to control the interatomic interactions and, in particular, the relative importance of contact over dipolar interactions. These features provide exquisite control knobs for exploring the few- and many-body physics of dipolar quantum gases. The study of dipolar effects in magnetic quantum gases has covered various few-body phenomena that are based on elastic and inelastic anisotropic scattering. Various many-body effects have also been demonstrated. These affect both the shape, stability, dynamics, and excitations of fully polarised repulsive Bose or Fermi gases. Beyond the mean-field instability, strong dipolar interactions competing with slightly weaker contact interactions between magnetic bosons yield new quantum-stabilised states, among which are self-bound droplets, droplet assemblies, and supersolids. Dipolar interactions also deeply affect the physics of atomic gases with an internal degree of freedom as these interactions intrinsically couple spin and atomic motion. Finally, long-range dipolar interactions can stabilise strongly correlated excited states of 1D gases and also impact the physics of lattice-confined systems, both at the spin-polarised level (Hubbard models with off-site interactions) and at the spinful level (XYZ models). In the present manuscript, we aim to provide an extensive overview of the various related experimental achievements up to the present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauriane Chomaz
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Physikalisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 226, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Igor Ferrier-Barbut
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d'Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, 91127 Palaiseau, France
| | - Francesca Ferlaino
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Institut für Quantenoptik und Quanteninformation, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bruno Laburthe-Tolra
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, F-93430 Villetaneuse, France
- CNRS, UMR 7538, LPL, F-93430 Villetaneuse, France
| | - Benjamin L Lev
- Departments of Physics and Applied Physics and Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States of America
| | - Tilman Pfau
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany
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5
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Tobias WG, Matsuda K, Li JR, Miller C, Carroll AN, Bilitewski T, Rey AM, Ye J. Reactions between layer-resolved molecules mediated by dipolar spin exchange. Science 2022; 375:1299-1303. [PMID: 35298246 DOI: 10.1126/science.abn8525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Microscopic control over polar molecules with tunable interactions enables the realization of distinct quantum phenomena. Using an electric field gradient, we demonstrated layer-resolved state preparation and imaging of ultracold potassium-rubidium molecules confined to two-dimensional planes in an optical lattice. The rotational coherence was maximized by rotating the electric field relative to the light polarization for state-insensitive trapping. Spatially separated molecules in adjacent layers interact through dipolar spin exchange of rotational angular momentum; by adjusting these interactions, we regulated the local chemical reaction rate. The resonance width of the exchange process vastly exceeded the dipolar interaction energy, an effect attributed to thermal energy. This work realized precise control of interacting molecules, enabling electric field microscopy on subwavelength scales and allowing access to unexplored physics in two-dimensional systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- William G Tobias
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Kyle Matsuda
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Jun-Ru Li
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Calder Miller
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Annette N Carroll
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Thomas Bilitewski
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Ana Maria Rey
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Jun Ye
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
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6
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Li WH, Deng X, Santos L. Hilbert Space Shattering and Disorder-Free Localization in Polar Lattice Gases. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:260601. [PMID: 35029478 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.260601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Emerging dynamical constraints resulting from intersite interactions severely limit particle mobility in polar lattice gases. Whereas in absence of disorder hard-core Hubbard models with only strong nearest-neighbor interactions present Hilbert space fragmentation but no many-body localization for typical states, the 1/r^{3} tail of the dipolar interaction results in Hilbert space shattering, as well as in a dramatically slowed down dynamics and eventual disorder-free localization. Our results show that the study of the intriguing interplay between disorder- and interaction-induced many-body localization is within reach of future experiments with magnetic atoms and polar molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Han Li
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Appelstrasse 2, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Xiaolong Deng
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Appelstrasse 2, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Luis Santos
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Appelstrasse 2, 30167 Hannover, Germany
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7
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Bera S, Chakrabarti B, Gammal A, Tsatsos MC, Lekala ML, Chatterjee B, Lévêque C, Lode AUJ. Sorting Fermionization from Crystallization in Many-Boson Wavefunctions. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17873. [PMID: 31784539 PMCID: PMC6884621 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53179-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fermionization is what happens to the state of strongly interacting repulsive bosons interacting with contact interactions in one spatial dimension. Crystallization is what happens for sufficiently strongly interacting repulsive bosons with dipolar interactions in one spatial dimension. Crystallization and fermionization resemble each other: in both cases - due to their repulsion - the bosons try to minimize their spatial overlap. We trace these two hallmark phases of strongly correlated one-dimensional bosonic systems by exploring their ground state properties using the one- and two-body density matrix. We solve the N-body Schrödinger equation accurately and from first principles using the multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree for bosons (MCTDHB) and for fermions (MCTDHF) methods. Using the one- and two-body density, fermionization can be distinguished from crystallization in position space. For N interacting bosons, a splitting into an N-fold pattern in the one-body and two-body density is a unique feature of both, fermionization and crystallization. We demonstrate that this splitting is incomplete for fermionized bosons and restricted by the confinement potential. This incomplete splitting is a consequence of the convergence of the energy in the limit of infinite repulsion and is in agreement with complementary results that we obtain for fermions using MCTDHF. For crystalline bosons, in contrast, the splitting is complete: the interaction energy is capable of overcoming the confinement potential. Our results suggest that the spreading of the density as a function of the dipolar interaction strength diverges as a power law. We describe how to distinguish fermionization from crystallization experimentally from measurements of the one- and two-body density.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bera
- Department of Physics, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700 073, India
| | - B Chakrabarti
- Department of Physics, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700 073, India
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A Gammal
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M C Tsatsos
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - M L Lekala
- Department of Physics, University of South Africa P.O. Box-392, Pretoria, 0003, South Africa
| | - B Chatterjee
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - C Lévêque
- Wolfgang Pauli Institute c/o Faculty of Mathematics, University of Vienna, Oskar-Morgenstern Platz 1, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Atominstitut, TU Wien, Stadionallee 2, 1020, Vienna, Austria
| | - A U J Lode
- Wolfgang Pauli Institute c/o Faculty of Mathematics, University of Vienna, Oskar-Morgenstern Platz 1, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
- Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Atominstitut, TU Wien, Stadionallee 2, 1020, Vienna, Austria.
- Institute of Physics, Albert-Ludwig University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
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8
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Abstract
Faraday and resonant density waves emerge in Bose-Einstein condensates as a result of harmonic driving of the system. They represent nonlinear excitations and are generated due to the interaction-induced coupling of collective oscillation modes and the existence of parametric resonances. Using a mean-field variational and a full numerical approach, we studied density waves in dipolar condensates at zero temperature, where breaking of the symmetry due to anisotropy of the dipole-dipole interaction (DDI) plays an important role. We derived variational equations of motion for the dynamics of a driven dipolar system and identify the most unstable modes that correspond to the Faraday and resonant waves. Based on this, we derived the analytical expressions for spatial periods of both types of density waves as functions of the contact and the DDI strength. We compared the obtained variational results with the results of extensive numerical simulations that solve the dipolar Gross-Pitaevskii equation in 3D, and found a very good agreement.
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9
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Quantum-enhanced sensing using non-classical spin states of a highly magnetic atom. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4955. [PMID: 30470745 PMCID: PMC6251866 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07433-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Coherent superposition states of a mesoscopic quantum object play a major role in our understanding of the quantum to classical boundary, as well as in quantum-enhanced metrology and computing. However, their practical realization and manipulation remains challenging, requiring a high degree of control of the system and its coupling to the environment. Here, we use dysprosium atoms-the most magnetic element in its ground state-to realize coherent superpositions between electronic spin states of opposite orientation, with a mesoscopic spin size J = 8. We drive coherent spin states to quantum superpositions using non-linear light-spin interactions, observing a series of collapses and revivals of quantum coherence. These states feature highly non-classical behavior, with a sensitivity to magnetic fields enhanced by a factor 13.9(1.1) compared to coherent spin states-close to the Heisenberg limit 2J = 16-and an intrinsic fragility to environmental noise.
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10
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Baier S, Petter D, Becher JH, Patscheider A, Natale G, Chomaz L, Mark MJ, Ferlaino F. Realization of a Strongly Interacting Fermi Gas of Dipolar Atoms. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:093602. [PMID: 30230905 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.093602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We realize a two-component dipolar Fermi gas with tunable interactions, using erbium atoms. Employing a lattice-protection technique, we selectively prepare deeply degenerate mixtures of the two lowest spin states and perform high-resolution Feshbach spectroscopy in an optical dipole trap. We identify a comparatively broad Feshbach resonance and map the interspin scattering length in its vicinity. The Fermi mixture shows a remarkable collisional stability in the strongly interacting regime, providing a first step towards studies of superfluid pairing, crossing from Cooper pairs to bound molecules, in presence of dipole-dipole interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Baier
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - D Petter
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J H Becher
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - A Patscheider
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Institut für Quantenoptik und Quanteninformation, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - G Natale
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - L Chomaz
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M J Mark
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Institut für Quantenoptik und Quanteninformation, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - F Ferlaino
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Institut für Quantenoptik und Quanteninformation, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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11
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Lepers M, Li H, Wyart JF, Quéméner G, Dulieu O. Ultracold Rare-Earth Magnetic Atoms with an Electric Dipole Moment. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:063201. [PMID: 30141648 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.063201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We propose a new method to produce an electric and magnetic dipolar gas of ultracold dysprosium atoms. The pair of nearly degenerate energy levels of opposite parity, at 17513.33 cm^{-1} with electronic angular momentum J=10, and at 17514.50 cm^{-1} with J=9, can be mixed with an external electric field, thus inducing an electric dipole moment in the laboratory frame. For field amplitudes relevant to current-day experiments, i.e., an electric field of 5 kV/cm, we predict a large magnetic dipole moment up to 13 Bohr magnetons, and sizeable electric dipole moment up to 0.22 D. When a magnetic field is present, we show that the induced electric dipole moment is strongly dependent on the angle between the fields. The lifetime of the field-mixed levels is found in the millisecond range, thus allowing for suitable experimental detection and manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxence Lepers
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Hui Li
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Jean-François Wyart
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
- LERMA, Observatoire de Paris-Meudon, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 6, CNRS UMR8112, 92195 Meudon, France
| | - Goulven Quéméner
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Olivier Dulieu
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
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12
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Benedicto-Orenes D, Kowalczyk A, Bongs K, Barontini G. Endoscopic imaging of quantum gases through a fiber bundle. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:19701-19710. [PMID: 29041658 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.019701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We use a coherent fiber bundle to demonstrate the endoscopic absorption imaging of quantum gases. We show that the fiber bundle introduces spurious noise in the picture mainly due to the strong core-to-core coupling. By direct comparison with free-space pictures, we observe that there is a maximum column density that can be reliably measured using our fiber bundle, and we derive a simple criterion to estimate it. We demonstrate that taking care of not exceeding such maximum, we can retrieve exact quantitative information about the atomic system, making this technique appealing for systems requiring isolation form the environment.
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13
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Shao Q, Deng L, Xing X, Gou D, Kuang X, Li H. Ground State Properties of the Polar Alkali-Metal–Ytterbium and Alkaline-Earth-Metal–Ytterbium Molecules: A Comparative Study. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:2187-2193. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b11741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Shao
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Lijuan Deng
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xiaodong Xing
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Dezhi Gou
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xiaoyu Kuang
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Hui Li
- Laboratoire
Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, ENS Cachan, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
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14
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Cao L, Mistakidis SI, Deng X, Schmelcher P. Collective excitations of dipolar gases based on local tunneling in superlattices. Chem Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2016.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Anisimovas E, Račiūnas M, Sträter C, Eckardt A, Spielman IB, Juzeliūnas G. Semisynthetic zigzag optical lattice for ultracold bosons. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A 2016; 94:063632. [PMID: 29732442 PMCID: PMC5935007 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.94.063632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We propose a cold-atom realization of a zigzag ladder. The two legs of the ladder correspond to a "synthetic" dimension given by two internal (spin) states of the atoms, so that tunneling between them can be realized as a laser-assisted process. The zigzag geometry is achieved by employing a spin-dependent optical lattice with the site position depending on the internal atomic state, i.e., on the ladder's leg. The lattice offers a possibility to tune the single-particle dispersion from a double-well to a single-minimum configuration. In contrast to previously considered semisynthetic lattices with a square geometry, the tunneling in the synthetic dimension is accompanied by spatial displacements of atoms. Therefore, the atom-atom interactions are nonlocal and act along the diagonal (semisynthetic) direction. We investigate the ground-state properties of the system for the case of strongly interacting bosons. In particular, we find that the interplay between the frustration induced by the magnetic field and the interactions gives rise to an interesting gapped phase at fractional filling factors corresponding to one particle per magnetic unit cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Anisimovas
- Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astronomy, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio 3, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - M Račiūnas
- Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astronomy, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio 3, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - C Sträter
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Komplexer Systeme, Nöthnitzer Straße 38, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - A Eckardt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Komplexer Systeme, Nöthnitzer Straße 38, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - I B Spielman
- Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-4111, USA
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - G Juzeliūnas
- Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astronomy, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio 3, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania
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16
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Baier S, Mark MJ, Petter D, Aikawa K, Chomaz L, Cai Z, Baranov M, Zoller P, Ferlaino F. Extended Bose-Hubbard models with ultracold magnetic atoms. Science 2016; 352:201-5. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aac9812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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17
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Doçaj A, Wall ML, Mukherjee R, Hazzard KRA. Ultracold Nonreactive Molecules in an Optical Lattice: Connecting Chemistry to Many-Body Physics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 116:135301. [PMID: 27081984 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.135301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We derive effective lattice models for ultracold bosonic or fermionic nonreactive molecules (NRMs) in an optical lattice, analogous to the Hubbard model that describes ultracold atoms in a lattice. In stark contrast to the Hubbard model, which is commonly assumed to accurately describe NRMs, we find that the single on-site interaction parameter U is replaced by a multichannel interaction, whose properties we elucidate. Because this arises from complex short-range collisional physics, it requires no dipolar interactions and thus occurs even in the absence of an electric field or for homonuclear molecules. We find a crossover between coherent few-channel models and fully incoherent single-channel models as the lattice depth is increased. We show that the effective model parameters can be determined in lattice modulation experiments, which, consequently, measure molecular collision dynamics with a vastly sharper energy resolution than experiments in a free-space ultracold gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andris Doçaj
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
- Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Michael L Wall
- JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
| | - Rick Mukherjee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
- Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Kaden R A Hazzard
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
- Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
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