1
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Lu L, Wang Q, Duan H, Zhu K, Hu T, Ma Y, Shen S, Niu Y, Liu J, Wang J, Ekahana SA, Dreiser J, Soh Y, Yan W, Wang G, Xiong Y, Hao N, Lu Y, Tian M. Tunable Magnetism in Atomically Thin Itinerant Antiferromagnet with Room-Temperature Ferromagnetic Order. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:5984-5992. [PMID: 38728101 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Addressing the need for modulated spin configurations is crucial, as they serve as the foundational building blocks for next-generation spintronics, particularly in atomically thin structures and at room temperature. In this work, we realize intrinsic ferromagnetism in monolayer flakes and tunable ferro-/antiferromagnetism in (Fe0.56Co0.44)5GeTe2 antiferromagnets. Remarkably, the ferromagnetic ordering (≥1 L) and antiferromagnetic ordering (≥4 L) remain discernible up to room temperature. The TC (∼310 K) of the monolayer flakes sets a record high for known exfoliated monolayer van der Waals magnets. Within the framework of A-type antiferromagnetism, a notable odd-even layer-number effect at elevated temperatures (T = 150 K) is observed. Of particular interest is the strong ferromagnetic order in even-layer flakes at low temperatures. The intricate interplay among magnetic field strength, layer number, and temperature gives rise to a diverse array of phenomena, holding promise not only for new physics but also for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longyu Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Low-Energy Quantum Materials and Devices, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
- Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Hengli Duan
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Kejia Zhu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Tao Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yupeng Ma
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Shengchun Shen
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yuran Niu
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund 22100, Sweden
| | - Jiatu Liu
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund 22100, Sweden
| | - Jianlin Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | | | - Jan Dreiser
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Y Soh
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Wensheng Yan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Guopeng Wang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yimin Xiong
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230028, China
| | - Ning Hao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Low-Energy Quantum Materials and Devices, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Yalin Lu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230028, China
| | - Mingliang Tian
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
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2
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Webb TA, Tamanna AN, Ding X, Verma N, Xu J, Krusin-Elbaum L, Dean CR, Basov DN, Pasupathy AN. Tunable Magnetic Domains in Ferrimagnetic MnSb 2Te 4. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:4393-4399. [PMID: 38569084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c05058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Highly tunable properties make Mn(Bi,Sb)2Te4 a rich playground for exploring the interplay between band topology and magnetism: On one end, MnBi2Te4 is an antiferromagnetic topological insulator, while the magnetic structure of MnSb2Te4 (MST) can be tuned between antiferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic. Motivated to control electronic properties through real-space magnetic textures, we use magnetic force microscopy (MFM) to image the domains of ferrimagnetic MST. We find that magnetic field tunes between stripe and bubble domain morphologies, raising the possibility of topological spin textures. Moreover, we combine in situ transport with domain manipulation and imaging to both write MST device properties and directly measure the scaling of the Hall response with the domain area. This work demonstrates measurement of the local anomalous Hall response using MFM and opens the door to reconfigurable domain-based devices in the M(B,S)T family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana A Webb
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Afrin N Tamanna
- Department of Physics, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Xiaxin Ding
- Department of Physics, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Nishchhal Verma
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Jikai Xu
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Lia Krusin-Elbaum
- Department of Physics, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Cory R Dean
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Dmitri N Basov
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Abhay N Pasupathy
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
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3
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Wang M, Zhu K, Lei B, Deng Y, Hu T, Song D, Du H, Tian M, Xiang Z, Wu T, Chen X. Layer-Number-Dependent Magnetism in the Co-Doped van der Waals Ferromagnet Fe 3GaTe 2. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:4141-4149. [PMID: 38536947 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c05148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Recently, van der Waals (vdW) antiferromagnets have been proposed to be crucial for spintronics due to their favorable properties compared to ferromagnets, including robustness against magnetic perturbation and high frequencies of spin dynamics. High-performance and energy-efficient spin functionalities often depend on the current-driven manipulation and detection of spin states, highlighting the significance of two-dimensional metallic antiferromagnets, which have not been much explored due to the lack of suitable materials. Here, we report a new metallic vdW antiferromagnet obtained from the ferromagnet Fe3GaTe2 by cobalt (Co) doping. Through the layer-number-dependent Hall resistance and magnetoresistance measurements, an evident odd-even layer-number effect has been observed in its few-layered flakes, suggesting that it could host an A-type antiferromagnetic structure. This peculiar layer-number-dependent magnetism in Co-doped Fe3GaTe2 helps unravel the complex magnetic structures in such doped vdW magnets, and our finding will enrich material candidates and spin functionalities for spintronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Wang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Kejia Zhu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Lei
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Yazhou Deng
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Hu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Song
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Du
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Low-Energy Quantum Materials and Devices, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingliang Tian
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziji Xiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianhui Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China
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4
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Hu X, He X, Guo Z, Kamiya T, Wu J. Antisite-Defects Control of Magnetic Properties in MnSb 2Te 4. ACS NANO 2024; 18:738-749. [PMID: 38127649 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The intrinsic magnetic topological materials Mn(Sb/Bi)2n+2Te3n+4 have attracted extensive attention due to their topological quantum properties. Although, the Mn-Sb/Bi antisite defects have been frequently reported to exert significant influences on both magnetism and band topology, their formation mechanism and the methods to manipulate their distribution and concentration remain elusive. Here, we present MnSb2Te4 as a typical example and demonstrate that Mn-Sb antisite defects and magnetism can be tuned by controlling the crystal growth conditions. The cooling rate is identified as the primary key parameter. Magnetization and chemical analysis demonstrate that a slower cooling rate would lead to a higher Mn concentration, a higher magnetic transition temperature, and a higher saturation moment. Further analysis indicates that the Mn content at the original Mn site (MnMn, 3a site) varies more significantly with the cooling rate than the Mn content at the Sb site (MnSb, 6c site). Based on experimental observations, magnetic phase diagrams regarding MnMn and MnSb concentrations are constructed. With the assistance of first-principles calculations, it is demonstrated that the Mn-Sb mixing states primarily result from the mixing entropy and the growth kinetics. The present findings offer valuable insights into defects engineering for preparation of two-dimensional quantum materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmeng Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xinyi He
- MDX Research Center for Element Strategy, International Research Frontiers Initiative, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Zhilin Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Toshio Kamiya
- MDX Research Center for Element Strategy, International Research Frontiers Initiative, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Jiazhen Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Oxide Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano-Porous Functional Materials, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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5
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Huang X, Han X, Dai Y, Xu X, Zhang Y, Tian X, Yuan Z, Xing J, Wang Y, Huang Y. Recent Progress in Two-Dimensional Material Exfoliation Technology and Enlightenment for Geological Sciences. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:10181-10193. [PMID: 37930076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical exfoliation technology is vital for the development of two-dimensional (2D) materials. This technology has also facilitated the verification of the performance of electronic and optical devices made from 2D materials. In this Perspective, we provide an overview of exfoliation techniques and highlight key physical properties. Additionally, we explored the chemical instability of certain 2D materials and proposed practical solutions to enhance their stability. Furthermore, we discuss the advantages of suspended 2D materials, which demonstrate improved compatibility and properties compared to nonsuspended materials. A particularly intriguing aspect of this Perspective is the exploration of the similarities between the Earth's crust and 2D materials, offering insights into the formation mechanisms of geological phenomena. In this context, 2D materials may serve as simulators for studying geological processes. We hope that this Perspective stimulates further research into exfoliation technology and the physical/chemical properties of 2D materials while providing new inspiration for earth science investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Huang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xu Han
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yunyun Dai
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaobo Tian
- Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhengyi Yuan
- China Earthquake Networks Center, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Jie Xing
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yeliang Wang
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- BIT Chongqing Institute of Microelectronics and Microsystems, Chongqing 100190, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- BIT Chongqing Institute of Microelectronics and Microsystems, Chongqing 100190, China
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6
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Wang H, Wen Y, Zeng H, Xiong Z, Tu Y, Zhu H, Cheng R, Yin L, Jiang J, Zhai B, Liu C, Shan C, He J. 2D Ferroic Materials for Nonvolatile Memory Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2305044. [PMID: 37486859 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The emerging nonvolatile memory technologies based on ferroic materials are promising for producing high-speed, low-power, and high-density memory in the field of integrated circuits. Long-range ferroic orders observed in 2D materials have triggered extensive research interest in 2D magnets, 2D ferroelectrics, 2D multiferroics, and their device applications. Devices based on 2D ferroic materials and heterostructures with an atomically smooth interface and ultrathin thickness have exhibited impressive properties and significant potential for developing advanced nonvolatile memory. In this context, a systematic review of emergent 2D ferroic materials is conducted here, emphasizing their recent research on nonvolatile memory applications, with a view to proposing brighter prospects for 2D magnetic materials, 2D ferroelectric materials, 2D multiferroic materials, and their relevant devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yao Wen
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Hui Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Ziren Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yangyuan Tu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Hao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Ruiqing Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lei Yin
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Baoxing Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Chuansheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Chongxin Shan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jun He
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan, 430079, China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan, 430206, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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7
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Levy I, Forrester C, Ding X, Testelin C, Krusin-Elbaum L, Tamargo MC. High Curie temperature ferromagnetic structures of (Sb 2Te 3) 1-x(MnSb 2Te 4) x with x = 0.7-0.8. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7381. [PMID: 37149688 PMCID: PMC10164192 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34585-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic topological materials are promising for realizing novel quantum physical phenomena. Among these, bulk Mn-rich MnSb2Te4 is ferromagnetic due to MnSb antisites and has relatively high Curie temperatures (TC), which is attractive for technological applications. We have previously reported the growth of materials with the formula (Sb2Te3)1-x(MnSb2Te4)x, where x varies between 0 and 1. Here we report on their magnetic and transport properties. We show that the samples are divided into three groups based on the value of x (or the percent septuple layers within the crystals) and their corresponding TC values. Samples that contain x < 0.7 or x > 0.9 have a single TC value of 15-20 K and 20-30 K, respectively, while samples with 0.7 < x < 0.8 exhibit two TC values, one (TC1) at ~ 25 K and the second (TC2) reaching values above 80 K, almost twice as high as any reported value to date for these types of materials. Structural analysis shows that samples with 0.7 < x < 0.8 have large regions of only SLs, while other regions have isolated QLs embedded within the SL lattice. We propose that the SL regions give rise to a TC1 of ~ 20 to 30 K, and regions with isolated QLs are responsible for the higher TC2 values. Our results have important implications for the design of magnetic topological materials having enhanced properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ido Levy
- Department of Chemistry, The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Candice Forrester
- Department of Chemistry, The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Xiaxin Ding
- Department of Physics, The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Christophe Testelin
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Lia Krusin-Elbaum
- Department of Physics, The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
- Ph.D. Program in Physics, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Maria C Tamargo
- Department of Chemistry, The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA.
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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8
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Wen Y, Liang S, Dong Z, Cheng R, Yin L, He P, Wang H, Zhai B, Zhao Y, Li W, Jiang J, Li Z, Liu C, Dong K, He J, Zhang K. Room-Temperature Intrinsic Ferromagnetic Chromium Tellurium Compounds with Thickness-Tunable Magnetic Texture. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209346. [PMID: 36862987 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
2D ferromagnetic chromium tellurides exhibit intriguing spin configurations and high-temperature intrinsic ferromagnetism, providing unprecedented opportunities to explore the fundamental spin physics and build spintronic devices. Here, a generic van der Waals epitaxial approach is developed to synthesize the 2D ternary chromium tellurium compounds with thicknesses down to mono-, bi-, tri-, and few-unit cells (UC). The Mn0.14 Cr0.86 Te evolves from intrinsic ferromagnetic behavior in bi-UC, tri-UC, and few-UC to temperature-induced ferrimagnetic behavior as the thickness increases, resulting in a sign reversal of the anomalous Hall resistance. Temperature- and thickness-tunable labyrinthine-domain ferromagnetic behaviors are derived from the dipolar interactions in Fe0.26 Cr0.74 Te and Co0.40 Cr0.60 Te. Furthermore, the dipolar-interaction-induced stripe domain and field-induced domain wall (DW) motion velocity are studied, and multibit data storage is realized through an abundant DW state. The magnetic storage can function in neuromorphic computing tasks, and the pattern recognition accuracy can reach up to 97.93%, which is similar to the recognition accuracy of ideal software-based training (98.28%). Room-temperature ferromagnetic chromium tellurium compounds with intriguing spin configurations can significantly promote the exploration of the processing, sensing, and storage based on 2D magnetic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wen
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Shiheng Liang
- Faculty of Physics and Electronic Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices and Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Ruiqing Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Lei Yin
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Peng He
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Baoxing Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Faculty of Physics and Electronic Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Wendi Li
- School of Automation, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Zhongwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Chuansheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Kaifeng Dong
- School of Automation, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Jun He
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan, 430206, P. R. China
- International College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices and Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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9
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Wang H, Wen Y, Zhao X, Cheng R, Yin L, Zhai B, Jiang J, Li Z, Liu C, Wu F, He J. Heteroepitaxy of 2D CuCr 2 Te 4 with Robust Room-temperature Ferromagnetism. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2211388. [PMID: 36780341 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic materials in 2D have attracted widespread attention for their intriguing magnetic properties. 2D magnetic heterostructures can provide unprecedented opportunities for exploring fundamental physics and novel spintronic devices. Here, the heteroepitaxial growth of ferromagnetic CuCr2 Te4 nanosheets is reported on Cr2 Te3 and mica by chemical vapor deposition. Magneto-optical Kerr effect measurements reveal the thickness-dependent ferromagnetism of CuCr2 Te4 nanosheets on mica, where a decrease of Curie temperature (TC ) from 320 to 260 K and an enhancement of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy with reducing thickness are observed. Moreover, lattice-matched heteroepitaxial ultrathin CuCr2 Te4 on Cr2 Te3 exhibits an enhanced robust ferromagnetism with TC up to 340 K due to the interfacial charge transfer. Stripe-type magnetic domains and single magnetic domain are discovered in this heterostructure with different thicknesses. The work provides a way to construct robust room-temperature 2D magnetic heterostructures for functional spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yao Wen
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxu Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Ruiqing Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Lei Yin
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Baoxing Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Zhongwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Chuansheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Fengcheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan, 430206, P. R. China
| | - Jun He
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan, 430206, P. R. China
- International College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
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10
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Lin JY, Chen ZJ, Cao Z, Zeng J, Yang XB, Yao Y, Zhao YJ. Multiple Magnetic Topological Phases in the van der Waals Crystal Mn(Bi,Sb) 4Se 7. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:3913-3919. [PMID: 37074983 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic topological materials have drawn markedly attention recently due to the strong coupling of their novel topological properties and magnetic configurations. In particular, the MnBi2Te4/(Bi2Te3)n family highlights the researches of multiple magnetic topological materials. Via first-principles calculations, we predict that Mn(Bi, Sb)4Se7, the close relatives of MnBi2Te4/(Bi2Te3)n family, are topological nontrivival in both antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic configurations. In the antiferromagnetic ground state, Mn(Bi, Sb)4Se7 are simultaneously topological insulators and axion insulators. Massless Dirac surface states emerge on the surfaces parallel to the z axis. In ferromagnetic phases, they are axion insulators. Particularly, when the magnetization direction is along the x axis, they are also topological crystalline insulators. Mirror-symmetry-protected gapless surface states exist on the mirror-invariant surfaces. Hence, the behaviors of surface states are strongly dependent on the magnetization directions and surface orientations. Our work provides more opportunities for the study of magnetic topological physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yi Lin
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Jia Chen
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Zhipeng Cao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiarui Zeng
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bao Yang
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jun Zhao
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
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11
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Jiang H, Zang Z, Wang X, Que H, Wang L, Si K, Zhang P, Ye Y, Gong Y. Thickness-Tunable Growth of Composition-Controllable Two-Dimensional Fe xGeTe 2. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:9477-9484. [PMID: 36383484 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) magnetic materials provide an ideal platform for investigating novel magnetism and spin behavior in low-dimensional systems while being restricted by the deficiency of accurate bottom-up synthesis. To overcome this difficulty, a facile and universal flux-assisted growth (FAG) method is proposed to synthesize the multicomponent FexGeTe2 (x = 3-5) with different Fe contents and even alloyed with hetero metal atoms. This one-to-one method ensures the stoichiometry consistency from the FexGeTe2 and MyFe5-yGeTe2 (M = Co, Ni) bulk crystal precursors to the 2D nanosheets, with controllable composition. Tuning the growth temperatures can provide thickness-tunable products. Changeable magnetic properties of FexGeTe2 and alloyed CoyFe5-yGeTe2 are substantiated by the superconducting quantum interference device and reflective magnetic circular dichroism. This method generates thickness-tunable high-crystallinity FexGeTe2 samples without phase separation and exhibits a high tolerance to different substrates and a large temperature window, providing a new avenue to synthesize and explore such multicomponent 2D magnets and even the alloyed ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaning Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhihao Zang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Haifeng Que
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Kunpeng Si
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yongji Gong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing Materials and Chip Integration Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310051, China
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12
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Xu X, Yang S, Wang H, Guzman R, Gao Y, Zhu Y, Peng Y, Zang Z, Xi M, Tian S, Li Y, Lei H, Luo Z, Yang J, Wang Y, Xia T, Zhou W, Huang Y, Ye Y. Ferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic coexisting ground state and exchange bias effects in MnBi 4Te 7 and MnBi 6Te 10. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7646. [PMID: 36496444 PMCID: PMC9741634 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35184-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural superlattice structures MnBi2Te4(Bi2Te3)n (n = 1, 2, ...), in which magnetic MnBi2Te4 layers are separated by nonmagnetic Bi2Te3 layers, hold band topology, magnetism and reduced interlayer coupling, providing a promising platform for the realization of exotic topological quantum states. However, their magnetism in the two-dimensional limit, which is crucial for further exploration of quantum phenomena, remains elusive. Here, complex ferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic coexisting ground states that persist down to the 2-septuple layers limit are observed and comprehensively investigated in MnBi4Te7 (n = 1) and MnBi6Te10 (n = 2). The ubiquitous Mn-Bi site mixing modifies or even changes the sign of the subtle interlayer magnetic interactions, yielding a spatially inhomogeneous interlayer coupling. Further, a tunable exchange bias effect, arising from the coupling between the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic components in the ground state, is observed in MnBi2Te4(Bi2Te3)n (n = 1, 2), which provides design principles and material platforms for future spintronic devices. Our work highlights a new approach toward the fine-tuning of magnetism and paves the way for further study of quantum phenomena in MnBi2Te4(Bi2Te3)n (n = 1, 2) as well as their magnetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Xu
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China ,grid.43555.320000 0000 8841 6246School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081 China ,grid.495569.2Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Shiqi Yang
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Huan Wang
- grid.24539.390000 0004 0368 8103Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Functional Materials & Micro-Nano Devices, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872 China
| | - Roger Guzman
- grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yuchen Gao
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Yaozheng Zhu
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Yuxuan Peng
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Zhihao Zang
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Ming Xi
- grid.24539.390000 0004 0368 8103Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Functional Materials & Micro-Nano Devices, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872 China
| | - Shangjie Tian
- grid.24539.390000 0004 0368 8103Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Functional Materials & Micro-Nano Devices, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872 China
| | - Yanping Li
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Hechang Lei
- grid.24539.390000 0004 0368 8103Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Functional Materials & Micro-Nano Devices, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872 China ,grid.24539.390000 0004 0368 8103Laboratory for Neutron Scattering, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872 China
| | - Zhaochu Luo
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Jinbo Yang
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Yeliang Wang
- grid.43555.320000 0000 8841 6246School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Tianlong Xia
- grid.24539.390000 0004 0368 8103Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Functional Materials & Micro-Nano Devices, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872 China
| | - Wu Zhou
- grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419CAS Centre for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yuan Huang
- grid.43555.320000 0000 8841 6246School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081 China ,grid.43555.320000 0000 8841 6246Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Yu Ye
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China ,grid.495569.2Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, 100871 China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Peking University, Nantong, 226010 Jiangsu China
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13
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Xi M, Chen F, Gong C, Tian S, Yin Q, Qian T, Lei H. Relationship between Antisite Defects, Magnetism, and Band Topology in MnSb 2Te 4 Crystals with TC ≈ 40 K. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:10897-10904. [PMID: 36394448 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
MnSb2Te4 has attracted extensive attention because of its rich and adjustable magnetic properties. Here, using a modified crystal growth method, ferrimagnetic MnSb2Te4 crystals with enhanced Curie temperature (TC) of about 40 K with dominant hole-type carriers and intrinsic anomalous Hall effect is obtained. Time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy reveals that surface states are absent in both antiferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic MnSb2Te4, implying that they have topologically trivial electronic structures. We propose that the enhancement of ferrimagnetism mainly originates from the increase of intralayer magnetic coupling caused by the decrease of Sb content at Mn sites when the decrease of Mn concentration at Sb sites would prefer the nontrival band topology. Moreover, it is known that the initial saturation moment (Mis) is sensitive to the concentrations of Mn/Sb antisite defects; thus, the Mis could be a valuable parameter to evaluate the magnetic and topological properties of MnX2nTe3n+1 (X = Bi, Sb) families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xi
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials MicroNano Devices, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Famin Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 10049, China
| | - Chunsheng Gong
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials MicroNano Devices, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Shangjie Tian
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials MicroNano Devices, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Qiangwei Yin
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials MicroNano Devices, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Tian Qian
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 10049, China
| | - Hechang Lei
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials MicroNano Devices, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
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