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Khan M, Dahro B, Wang Y, Wang M, Xiao W, Qu J, Zeng Y, Fang T, Xiao P, Xu X, Li C, Liu JH. The transcription factor ERF110 promotes cold tolerance by directly regulating sugar and sterol biosynthesis in citrus. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38985498 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
ERFs (ethylene-responsive factors) are known to play a key role in orchestrating cold stress signal transduction. However, the regulatory mechanisms and target genes of most ERFs are far from being well deciphered. In this study, we identified a cold-induced ERF, designated as PtrERF110, from trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf., also known as Citrus trifoliata L.), an elite cold-hardy plant. PtrERF110 is a nuclear protein with transcriptional activation activity. Overexpression of PtrERF110 remarkably enhanced cold tolerance in lemon (Citrus limon) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), whereas VIGS (virus-induced gene silencing)-mediated knockdown of PtrERF110 drastically impaired the cold tolerance. RNA sequence analysis revealed that PtrERF110 overexpression resulted in global transcriptional reprogramming of a range of stress-responsive genes. Three of the genes, including PtrERD6L16 (early responsive dehydration 6-like transporters), PtrSPS4 (sucrose phosphate synthase 4), and PtrUGT80B1 (UDP-glucose: sterol glycosyltransferases 80B1), were confirmed as direct targets of PtrERF110. Consistently, PtrERF110-overexpressing plants exhibited higher levels of sugars and sterols compared to their wild type counterparts, whereas the VIGS plants had an opposite trend. Exogenous supply of sucrose restored the cold tolerance of PtrERF110-silencing plants. In addition, knockdown of PtrSPS4, PtrERD6L16, and PtrUGT80B1 substantially impaired the cold tolerance of P. trifoliata. Taken together, our findings indicate that PtrERF110 positively modulates cold tolerance by directly regulating sugar and sterol synthesis through transcriptionally activating PtrERD6L16, PtrSPS4, and PtrUGT80B1. The regulatory modules (ERF110-ERD6L16/SPS4/UGT80B1) unraveled in this study advance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying sugar and sterol accumulation in plants subjected to cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madiha Khan
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Bachar Dahro
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yue Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Min Wang
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jing Qu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yike Zeng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Tian Fang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaoyong Xu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Chunlong Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 430070, China
| | - Ji-Hong Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 430070, China
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Noiraud-Romy N, Berthier A, Meuriot F, Prud Homme MP. Sucrose-Phosphate Synthase and Sucrose Synthase contribute to refoliation in ryegrass, a grassland fructan-accumulating species. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14427. [PMID: 39005156 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The perennity of grassland species such as Lolium perenne greatly depends on their ability to regrow after cutting or grazing. Refoliation largely relies on the mobilization of fructans in the remaining tissues and on the associated sucrose synthesis and transport towards the basal leaf meristems. However, nothing is known yet about the sucrose synthesis pathway. Sucrose Phosphate Synthase (SPS) and Sucrose Synthase (SuS) activities, together with their transcripts, were monitored during the first hours after defoliation along the leaf axis of mature leaf sheaths and elongating leaf bases (ELB) where the leaf meristems are located. In leaf sheaths, which undergo a sink-source transition, fructan and sucrose contents declined while SPS and SuS activities increased, along with the expression of LpSPSA, LpSPSD.2, LpSuS1, LpSuS2, and LpSuS4. In ELB, which continue to act as a strong carbon sink, SPS and SuS activities increased to varying degrees while the expression of all the LpSPS and LpSuS genes decreased after defoliation. SPS and SuS both contribute to refoliation but are regulated differently depending on the source or sink status of the tissues. Together with fructan metabolism, they represent key determinants of ryegrass perennity and, more generally, of grassland sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Noiraud-Romy
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INRAE, EVA Ecophysiologie Végétale Agronomie et nutritions N.C.S, Caen, France
| | - Alexandre Berthier
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INRAE, EVA Ecophysiologie Végétale Agronomie et nutritions N.C.S, Caen, France
| | - Frédéric Meuriot
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INRAE, EVA Ecophysiologie Végétale Agronomie et nutritions N.C.S, Caen, France
| | - Marie-Pascale Prud Homme
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INRAE, EVA Ecophysiologie Végétale Agronomie et nutritions N.C.S, Caen, France
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Lu W, Hao W, Liu K, Liu J, Yin C, Su Y, Hang Z, Peng B, Liu H, Xiong B, Liao L, He J, Zhang M, Wang X, Wang Z. Analysis of sugar components and identification of SPS genes in citrus fruit development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1372809. [PMID: 38606072 PMCID: PMC11007184 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1372809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Sugar is a primary determinant of citrus fruit flavour, but undergoes varied accumulation processes across different citrus varieties owing to high genetic variability. Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), a key enzyme in glucose metabolism, plays a crucial role in this context. Despite its significance, there is limited research on sugar component quality and the expression and regulatory prediction of SPS genes during citrus fruit development. Therefore, we analysed the sugar quality formation process in 'Kiyomi' and 'Succosa', two citrus varieties, and performed a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of citrus CsSPSs. We observed that the accumulation of sugar components significantly differs between the two varieties, with the identification of four CsSPSs in citrus. CsSPS sequences were highly conserved, featuring typical SPS protein domains. Expression analysis revealed a positive correlation between CsSPS expression and sugar accumulation in citrus fruits. However, CsSPS expression displays specificity to different citrus tissues and varieties. Transcriptome co-expression network analysis suggests the involvement of multiple transcription factors in shaping citrus fruit sugar quality through the regulation of CsSPSs. Notably, the expression levels of four CsWRKYs (CsWRKY2, CsWRKY20, CsWRKY28, CsWRKY32), were significantly positively correlated with CsSPSs and CsWRKY20 might can activate sugar accumulation in citrus fruit through CsSPS2. Collectively, we further emphasize the potential importance of CsWRKYs in citrus sugar metabolism, our findings serve as a reference for understanding sugar component formation and predicting CsSPS expression and regulation during citrus fruit development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Lu
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenhui Hao
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiahuan Liu
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunmei Yin
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yujiao Su
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiyu Hang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bin Peng
- College of Agricultural, Sichuan Nationalities University, Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture, Sichuan, China
| | - Huan Liu
- College of Agricultural, Sichuan Nationalities University, Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Xiong
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Liao
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaxian He
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingfei Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xun Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhihui Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Hu J, Duan Y, Hu J, Zhang S, Li G. Phylogenetic and Expression Analysis of the Sucrose Synthase and Sucrose Phosphate Synthase Gene Family in Potatoes. Metabolites 2024; 14:70. [PMID: 38276305 PMCID: PMC10820854 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Sucrose synthase (SUS) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) are essential in plant sucrose metabolism. The potato is an important crop worldwide, but systematic analyses of the StSUS and StSPS gene families in potatoes are still lacking. Ten sucrose metabolism-related genes were identified in this study. The SUSs and SPSs could each be split into three subgroups through phylogenetic analysis. StSUSIc was the most highly expressed gene in different developmental tissues. Ka/Ks analysis showed that StSUSIb and StSUSIc were subjected to more-significant homozygous selection pressure. Our cis-acting element analysis of the StSUS and StSPS promoter sequences showed four elements: defense- and stress-responsive, hormone-responsive, light-responsive, and transcription factor elements. The expression of StSUS and StSPS genes was found to be regulated by circadian rhythm. In the treatments of 1% to 5% sucrose, glucose, and fructose, the expression of StSUS and StSPS family genes was enhanced by sucrose, but inhibited at high-glucose and fructose concentrations. This study identified six StSUS and four StSPS genes and analyzed their gene structure, conserved motifs, chromosome position, promoter elements, phylogenetic tree, and tissue-specific expression patterns. Our results will motivate more research into the biological process underlying the genes of sucrose metabolism in potatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (J.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Tuber and Root Crop, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yanfeng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (J.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Tuber and Root Crop, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jinxue Hu
- Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050041, China
| | - Shuqing Zhang
- Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050041, China
| | - Guangcun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (J.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Tuber and Root Crop, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Ma M, Zhu T, Cheng X, Li M, Yuan G, Li C, Zhang A, Lu C, Fang Y, Zhang Y. Sucrose phosphate synthase 8 is required for the remobilization of carbon reserves in rice stems during grain filling. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:137-151. [PMID: 37738583 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Carbon reserve remobilization in stems is closely related to rice grain filling. Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) is highly associated with carbon reserve remobilization. In this study, we investigated the expression pattern of SPS genes in various rice tissues, and found that SPS8 is the major SPS isoform in rice stems during the grain-filling stage. We then constructed sps8 mutants using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The SPS activity of the sps8 mutants was markedly reduced in the stems. In addition, the sps8 mutants exhibited significant starch accumulation in stems. 14C-labelling experiments revealed that the remobilization of non-structural carbohydrates from rice stems to grains was impaired in the sps8 mutants. In the sps8 mutants, grain filling was delayed and yield decreased by 15% due to a reduced percentage of ripened grains. RNA sequencing and quantitative PCR analyses indicated that the genes involved in starch synthesis and degradation were up-regulated in the sps8 mutant stems. In addition, the activity of the enzymes involved in starch synthesis and degradation was increased in the sps8 stems. These results demonstrate that SPS8 is required for carbon reserve remobilization from rice stems to grains, and that its absence may enhance 'futile cycles' of starch synthesis and degradation in rice stems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Tong Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Xiuyue Cheng
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Mengyu Li
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Guoliang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Changbao Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Aihong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Congming Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Ying Fang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
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Jin H, Tian Y, Zhang Y, Zhang R, Zhao H, Yang X, Song X, Dimitrov Y, Wu YE, Gao Q, Liu J, Zhang J, He Z. Genome-Wide Association Mapping of Processing Quality Traits in Common Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1816. [PMID: 37761956 PMCID: PMC10530800 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Processing quality is an important economic wheat trait. The marker-assisted selection (MAS) method plays a vital role in accelerating genetic improvement of processing quality. In the present study, processing quality in a panel of 165 cultivars grown in four environments was evaluated by mixograph. An association mapping analysis using 90 K and 660 K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays identified 24 loci in chromosomes 1A, 1B (4), 1D, 2A, 2B (2), 3A, 3B, 3D (2), 4A (3), 4B, 5D (2), 6A, 7B (2) and 7D (2), explaining 10.2-42.5% of the phenotypic variances. Totally, 15 loci were stably detected in two or more environments. Nine loci coincided with known genes or QTL, whereas the other fifteen were novel loci. Seven candidate genes encoded 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase, lipoxygenase, pyridoxal phosphate-dependent decarboxylase, sucrose synthase 3 and a plant lipid transfer protein/Par allergen. SNPs significantly associated with processing quality and accessions with more favorable alleles can be used for marker-assisted selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jin
- Institute of Forage and Grassland Sciences, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China; (H.J.); (X.Y.); (X.S.); (Y.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yuanyuan Tian
- National Wheat Improvement Center, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100000, China; (Y.T.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Yan Zhang
- National Wheat Improvement Center, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100000, China; (Y.T.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Rui Zhang
- Institute of Forage and Grassland Sciences, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China; (H.J.); (X.Y.); (X.S.); (Y.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Haibin Zhao
- Institute of Forage and Grassland Sciences, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China; (H.J.); (X.Y.); (X.S.); (Y.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xue Yang
- Institute of Forage and Grassland Sciences, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China; (H.J.); (X.Y.); (X.S.); (Y.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xizhang Song
- Institute of Forage and Grassland Sciences, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China; (H.J.); (X.Y.); (X.S.); (Y.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yordan Dimitrov
- Institute of Forage and Grassland Sciences, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China; (H.J.); (X.Y.); (X.S.); (Y.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yu-e Wu
- Institute of Forage and Grassland Sciences, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China; (H.J.); (X.Y.); (X.S.); (Y.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Qiang Gao
- Horticultural Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China;
| | - Jindong Liu
- National Wheat Improvement Center, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100000, China; (Y.T.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Jumei Zhang
- Institute of Forage and Grassland Sciences, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China; (H.J.); (X.Y.); (X.S.); (Y.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Zhonghu He
- National Wheat Improvement Center, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100000, China; (Y.T.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
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Niazi R, Parveen G, Noman M, Mukhtar N, Hadayat N, Sami A, Khaliq B, Shrestha J, Ullah I. Comparative expression analysis of sucrose phosphate synthase gene family in a low and high sucrose Pakistani sugarcane cultivars. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15832. [PMID: 37719124 PMCID: PMC10503496 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane is the world's largest cultivated crop by biomass and is the main source of sugar and biofuel. Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) enzymes are directly involved in the synthesis of sucrose. Here, we analyzed and compared one of the important gene families involved in sucrose metabolism in a high and low sucrose sugarcane cultivar. A comprehensive in silico analysis of the SoSPS family displayed their phylogenetic relationship, gene and protein structure, miRNA targets, protein interaction network (PPI), gene ontology and collinearity. This was followed by a spatial expression analysis in two different sugarcane varieties. The phylogenetic reconstruction distributed AtSPS, ZmSPS, OsSPS, SoSPS and SbSPS into three main groups (A, B, C). The regulatory region of SoSPS genes carries ABRE, ARE, G-box, and MYC as the most dominant cis-regulatory elements. The PPI analysis predicted a total of 14 unique proteins interacting with SPS. The predominant expression of SPS in chloroplast clearly indicates that they are the most active in the organelle which is the hub of photosynthesis. Similarly, gene ontology attributed SPS to sucrose phosphate synthase and glucosyl transferase molecular functions, as well as sucrose biosynthetic and disaccharide biological processes. Overall, the expression of SPS in CPF252 (high sucrose variety) was higher in leaf and culm as compared to that of CPF 251 (low sucrose variety). In brief, this study adds to the present literature about sugarcane, sucrose metabolism and role of SPS in sucrose metabolism thereby opening up further avenues of research in crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robi Niazi
- Department of Botany, Women University Swabi, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtun Khwa, Pakistan
| | - Gulnaz Parveen
- Department of Botany, Women University Swabi, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtun Khwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Noman
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology, National Agricultural Research Center Islamabad Pakistan, Islamabad, Capital, Pakistan
| | - Naila Mukhtar
- Department of Botany, University of Okara, Okara, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Naila Hadayat
- Department of Botany, Division of Science & Technology, University of Education, Lahor
| | - Amtul Sami
- Health Biotechnology, Women University Swabi, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtun Khwan, Pakistan
| | - Binish Khaliq
- Department of Botany, University of Okara, Okara, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Jiban Shrestha
- Nepal Agricultural Research Council, National Plant Breeding and Genetics Research Centre, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Department of Zoology, Karakaram International University, Ghizer, Gilgit, Pakistan
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Xie Y, Duan H, Wang L, Zhang J, Dong K, Wang X, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Li W, Qi Y, Zhao W, Dang Z, Wang X, Li W, Zhao L. Phosphorus and naphthalene acetic acid increased the seed yield by regulating carbon and nitrogen assimilation of flax. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1228755. [PMID: 37719212 PMCID: PMC10499554 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1228755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the impact of phosphorus (P) combined with exogenous NAA on flax yield, enhance flax P utilization efficiency and productivity, minimize resource inputs and mitigate negative environmental and human effects. Therefore, it is crucial to comprehend the physiological and biochemical responses of flax to P and naphthylacetic acid (NAA) in order to guide future agronomic management strategies for increasing seed yield. A randomized complete block design trial was conducted under semi-arid conditions in Northwest China, using a factorial split-plot to investigate the effects of three P (0, 67.5, and 135.0 kg P2O5 ha-1) and three exogenous spray NAA levels (0, 20, and 40 mg NAA L-1) on sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and diphosphoribulose carboxylase (Rubisco) activities as well as nitrogen (N) and P accumulation and translocation in flax. Results indicated that the SPS and Rubisco activities, N and P accumulation at flowering and maturity along with assimilation and translocation post-flowering, fruiting branches per plant, tillers per plant, capsules per plant, and seed yield were 95, 105, 14, 27, 55, 15, 13, 110, 103, 82, 16, 61, 8, and 13% greater in the P treatments compared to those in the zero P treatment, respectively. Moreover, those characteristics were observed to be greater with exogenous spray NAA treatments compared to that no spray NAA treatment. Additionally, the maximum SPS and Rubisco activities, N and P accumulation, assimilation post-flowering and translocation, capsules per plant, and seed yield were achieved with the application of 67.5 kg P2O5 ha-1 with 20 mg NAA L-1. Therefore, these findings demonstrate that the appropriate combination of P fertilizer and spray NAA is an effective agronomic management strategy for regulating carbon and nitrogen assimilation by maintaining photosynthetic efficiency in plants to increase flax productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Xie
- Crop Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huirong Duan
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Limin Wang
- Crop Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kongjun Dong
- Crop Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xingrong Wang
- Crop Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yangchen Zhou
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Crop Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanni Qi
- Crop Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Crop Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhao Dang
- Crop Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xingzhen Wang
- Crop Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wen Li
- Crop Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lirong Zhao
- Crop Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
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Shen J, Xu Y, Yuan S, Jin F, Huang Y, Chen H, Shan Z, Yang Z, Chen S, Zhou X, Zhang C. Genome-Wide Identification of GmSPS Gene Family in Soybean and Expression Analysis in Response to Cold Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12878. [PMID: 37629058 PMCID: PMC10454306 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Sucrose metabolism plays a critical role in development, stress response, and yield formation of plants. Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) is the key rate-limiting enzyme in the sucrose synthesis pathway. To date, genome-wide survey and comprehensive analysis of the SPS gene family in soybean (Glycine max) have yet to be performed. In this study, seven genes encoding SPS were identified in soybean genome. The structural characteristics, phylogenetics, tissue expression patterns, and cold stress response of these GmSPSs were investigated. A comparative phylogenetic analysis of SPS proteins in soybean, Medicago truncatula, Medicago sativa, Lotus japonicus, Arabidopsis, and rice revealed four families. GmSPSs were clustered into three families from A to C, and have undergone five segmental duplication events under purifying selection. All GmSPS genes had various expression patterns in different tissues, and family A members GmSPS13/17 were highly expressed in nodules. Remarkably, all GmSPS promoters contain multiple low-temperature-responsive elements such as potential binding sites of inducer of CBF expression 1 (ICE1), the central regulator in cold response. qRT-PCR proved that these GmSPS genes, especially GmSPS8/18, were induced by cold treatment in soybean leaves, and the expression pattern of GmICE1 under cold treatment was similar to that of GmSPS8/18. Further transient expression analysis in Nicotiana benthamiana and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) indicated that GmSPS8 and GmSPS18 transcriptions were directly activated by GmICE1. Taken together, our findings may aid in future efforts to clarify the potential roles of GmSPS genes in response to cold stress in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yiran Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Songli Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Fuxiao Jin
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Haifeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Zhihui Shan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Zhonglu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Shuilian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xinan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Chanjuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
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Barbosa ACO, Rocha DS, Silva GCB, Santos MGM, Camillo LR, de Oliveira PHGA, Cavalari AA, Costa MGC. Dynamics of the sucrose metabolism and related gene expression in tomato fruits under water deficit. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:159-172. [PMID: 36875726 PMCID: PMC9981854 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01288-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The impact of water deficit on sucrose metabolism in sink organs like the fruit remains poorly known despite the need to improve fruit crops resilience to drought in the face of climate change. The present study investigated the effects of water deficit on sucrose metabolism and related gene expression in tomato fruits, aiming to identify candidate genes for improving fruit quality upon low water availability. Tomato plants were subjected to irrigated control and water deficit (-60% water supply compared to control) treatments, which were applied from the first fruit set to first fruit maturity stages. The results have shown that water deficit significantly reduced fruit dry biomass and number, among other plant physiological and growth variables, but substantially increased the total soluble solids content. The determination of soluble sugars on the basis of fruit dry weight revealed an active accumulation of sucrose and concomitant reduction in glucose and fructose levels in response to water deficit. The complete repertoire of genes encoding sucrose synthase (SUSY1-7), sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS1-4), and cytosolic (CIN1-8), vacuolar (VIN1-2) and cell wall invertases (WIN1-4) was identified and characterized, of which SlSUSY4, SlSPS1, SlCIN3, SlVIN2, and SlCWIN2 were shown to be positively regulated by water deficit. Collectively, these results show that water deficit regulates positively the expression of certain genes from different gene families related to sucrose metabolism in fruits, favoring the active accumulation of sucrose in this organ under water-limiting conditions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01288-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C. O. Barbosa
- Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia 45662-900 Brazil
| | - Dilson S. Rocha
- Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia 45662-900 Brazil
| | - Glaucia C. B. Silva
- Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia 45662-900 Brazil
| | - Miguel G. M. Santos
- Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia 45662-900 Brazil
| | - Luciana R. Camillo
- Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia 45662-900 Brazil
| | - Paulo H. G. A. de Oliveira
- Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia 45662-900 Brazil
| | - Aline A. Cavalari
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Diadema 09913-030 Brazil
| | - Marcio G. C. Costa
- Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia 45662-900 Brazil
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11
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Li X, He W, Fang J, Liang Y, Zhang H, Chen D, Wu X, Zhang Z, Wang L, Han P, Zhang B, Xue T, Zheng W, He J, Bai C. Genomic and transcriptomic-based analysis of agronomic traits in sugar beet ( Beta vulgaris L.) pure line IMA1. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1028885. [PMID: 36311117 PMCID: PMC9608375 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1028885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is an important sugar-producing and energy crop worldwide. The sugar beet pure line IMA1 independently bred by Chinese scientists is a standard diploid parent material that is widely used in hybrid-breeding programs. In this study, a high-quality, chromosome-level genome assembly for IMA1was conducted, and 99.1% of genome sequences were assigned to nine chromosomes. A total of 35,003 protein-coding genes were annotated, with 91.56% functionally annotated by public databases. Compared with previously released sugar beet assemblies, the new genome was larger with at least 1.6 times larger N50 size, thereby substantially improving the completeness and continuity of the sugar beet genome. A Genome-Wide Association Studies analysis identified 10 disease-resistance genes associated with three important beet diseases and five genes associated with sugar yield per hectare, which could be key targets to improve sugar productivity. Nine highly expressed genes associated with pollen fertility of sugar beet were also identified. The results of this study provide valuable information to identify and dissect functional genes affecting sugar beet agronomic traits, which can increase sugar beet production and help screen for excellent sugar beet breeding materials. In addition, information is provided that can precisely incorporate biotechnology tools into breeding efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Li
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Wenjin He
- Life Science College of Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingping Fang
- Life Science College of Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yahui Liang
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Sugarbeet Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Huizhong Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Sugarbeet Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Duo Chen
- Life Science College of Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xingrong Wu
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Sugarbeet Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Ziqiang Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Sugarbeet Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Sugarbeet Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Pingan Han
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Sugarbeet Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Bizhou Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Sugarbeet Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Ting Xue
- Life Science College of Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenzhe Zheng
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Sugarbeet Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Jiangfeng He
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Sugarbeet Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Chen Bai
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Sugarbeet Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
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12
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Hu Y, Liu J, Lin Y, Xu X, Xia Y, Bai J, Yu Y, Xiao F, Ding Y, Ding C, Chen L. Sucrose nonfermenting-1-related protein kinase 1 regulates sheath-to-panicle transport of nonstructural carbohydrates during rice grain filling. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 189:1694-1714. [PMID: 35294032 PMCID: PMC9237689 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The remobilization of nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs) reserved in rice (Oryza sativa) sheaths is essential for grain filling. This assimilate distribution between plant tissues and organs is determined by sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase 1 (SnRK1). However, the SnRK1-mediated mechanism regulating the sheath-to-panicle transport of NSCs in rice remains unknown. In this study, leaf cutting treatment was used to accelerate NSC transport in the rice sheaths. Accelerated NSC transport was accompanied by increased levels of OsSnRK1a mRNA expression, SnRK1a protein expression, catalytic subunit phosphorylation of SnRK1, and SnRK1 activity, indicating that SnRK1 activity plays an important role in sheath NSC transport. We also discovered that trehalose-6-phosphate, a signal of sucrose availability, slightly reduced SnRK1 activity in vitro. Since SnRK1 activity is mostly regulated by OsSnRK1a transcription in response to low sucrose content, we constructed an snrk1a mutant to verify the function of SnRK1 in NSC transport. NSCs accumulated in the sheaths of snrk1a mutant plants and resulted in a low seed setting rate and grain weight, verifying that SnRK1 activity is essential for NSC remobilization. Using phosphoproteomics and parallel reaction monitoring, we identified 20 SnRK1-dependent phosphosites that are involved in NSC transport. In addition, the SnRK1-mediated phosphorylation of the phosphosites directly affected starch degradation, sucrose metabolism, phloem transport, sugar transport across the tonoplast, and glycolysis in rice sheaths to promote NSC transport. Therefore, our findings reveal the importance, function, and possible regulatory mechanism of SnRK1 in the sheath-to-panicle transport of NSCs in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Hu
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiajun Liu
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Lin
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuemei Xu
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongqing Xia
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaqi Bai
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongchao Yu
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanfeng Ding
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production Co-Sponsored by Province and Ministry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Lin Chen
- Authors for correspondence: (L.C); (C.D.)
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13
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Huang X, Cao L, Fan J, Ma G, Chen L. CdWRKY2-mediated sucrose biosynthesis and CBF-signalling pathways coordinately contribute to cold tolerance in bermudagrass. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:660-675. [PMID: 34743386 PMCID: PMC8989505 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) is one of the most widely cultivated warm-season turfgrass species around the world. Cold stress has been a key environmental factor that adversely affects the growth, development, and geographical distribution of bermudagrass; however, the underlying mechanism of bermudagrass responsive to cold stress remains largely unexplored. Here, we identified a cold-induced WRKY transcription factor CdWRKY2 from bermudagrass and demonstrated its function in cold stress response. Overexpression of CdWRKY2 enhanced cold tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis and bermudagrass hairy roots, while knocking down CdWRKY2 expression via virus-induced gene silencing increased cold susceptibility. RNA sequencing showed that overexpression of CdWRKY2 in Arabidopsis activated the expression of genes involved in sucrose synthesis and metabolism, including sucrose synthase 1 (AtSUS1) and sucrose phosphate synthase 2F (AtSPS2F). CdSPS1, the homology gene of AtSPS2F in bermudagrass, was subsequently proven to be the direct target of CdWRKY2 by yeast one-hybrid, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and transient expression analysis. As expected, overexpression of CdSPS1 conferred cold tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants, whereas silencing CdSPS1 expression enhanced cold sensitivity in bermudagrass. Besides, CdCBF1 whose expression was dramatically up-regulated in CdWRKY2-overexpressing bermudagrass hairy roots but down-regulated in CdWRKY2-silencing bermudagrass both under normal and cold stress conditions was confirmed as another target of CdWRKY2. Collectively, this study reveals that CdWRKY2 is a positive regulator in cold stress by targeting CdSPS1 and CdCBF1 promoters and activating their expression to coordinately mediate sucrose biosynthesis and CBF-signalling pathway, which provides valuable information for breeding cold-resistant bermudagrass through gene manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuebing Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty AgricultureWuhan Botanical GardenThe Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
- Center of Economic BotanyCore Botanical GardensChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Liwen Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty AgricultureWuhan Botanical GardenThe Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
- Center of Economic BotanyCore Botanical GardensChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Jibiao Fan
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Guangjing Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty AgricultureWuhan Botanical GardenThe Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
- Center of Economic BotanyCore Botanical GardensChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Liang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty AgricultureWuhan Botanical GardenThe Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
- Center of Economic BotanyCore Botanical GardensChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
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The Effect of Bio-Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles on Germination, Early Seedling Development, and Metabolome of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072303. [PMID: 35408702 PMCID: PMC9000288 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in the metabolome of germinating seeds and seedlings caused by metal nanoparticles are poorly understood. In the present study, the effects of bio-synthesized silver nanoparticles ((Bio)Ag NPs) on grains germination, early seedlings development, and metabolic profiles of roots, coleoptile, and endosperm of wheat were analyzed. Grains germinated well in (Bio)Ag NPs suspensions at the concentration in the range 10–40 mg/L. However, the growth of coleoptile was inhibited by 25%, regardless of (Bio)Ag NPs concentration tested, whereas the growth of roots gradually slowed down along with the increasing concentration of (Bio)Ag NPs. The deleterious effect of Ag NPs on roots was manifested by their shortening, thickening, browning of roots tips, epidermal cell death, progression from apical meristem up to root hairs zone, and the inhibition of root hair development. (Bio)Ag NPs stimulated ROS production in roots and affected the metabolic profiles of all tissues. Roots accumulated sucrose, maltose, 1-kestose, phosphoric acid, and some amino acids (i.e., proline, aspartate/asparagine, hydroxyproline, and branched-chain amino acids). In coleoptile and endosperm, contrary to roots, the concentration of most metabolites decreased. Moreover, coleoptile accumulated galactose. Changes in the concentration of polar metabolites in seedlings revealed the affection of primary metabolism, disturbances in the mobilization of storage materials, and a translocation of sugars and amino acids from the endosperm to growing seedlings.
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Zhang A, Jin L, Yarra R, Cao H, Chen P, John Martin JJ. Transcriptome analysis reveals key developmental and metabolic regulatory aspects of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) during zygotic embryo development. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:112. [PMID: 35279075 PMCID: PMC8917659 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03459-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oil palm is the most efficient oil-producing crop in the world, and the yield of palm oil is associated with embryonic development. However, a comprehensive understanding of zygotic embryo development at the molecular level remains elusive. In order to address this issue, we report the transcriptomic analysis of zygotic embryo development in oil palm, specifically focusing on regulatory genes involved in important biological pathways. RESULTS In this study, three cDNA libraries were prepared from embryos at S1 (early-stage), S2 (middle-stage), and S3 (late-stage). There were 16,367, 16,500, and 18,012 genes characterized at the S1, S2, and S3 stages of embryonic development, respectively. A total of 1522, 2698, and 142 genes were differentially expressed in S1 vs S2, S1 vs S3, and S2 vs S3, respectively. Using Gene Ontology (GO) term enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis to identify key genes and pathways. In the hormone signaling pathway, genes related to auxin antagonize the output of cytokinin which regulates the development of embryo meristem. The genes related to abscisic acid negatively regulating the synthesis of gibberellin were strongly up-regulated in the mid-late stage of embryonic development. The results were reported the early synthesis and mid-late degradation of sucrose, as well as the activation of the continuous degradation pathway of temporary starch, providing the nutrients needed for differentiation of the embryonic cell. Moreover, the transcripts of genes involved in fatty acid synthesis were also abundantly accumulated in the zygotic embryos. CONCLUSION Taken together, our research provides a new perspective on the developmental and metabolic regulation of zygotic embryo development at the transcriptional level in oil palm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Longfei Jin
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, 571339, China
| | - Rajesh Yarra
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, 571339, China
| | - Hongxing Cao
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, 571339, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Jerome Jeyakumar John Martin
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, 571339, China.
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16
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Jing F, Miao Y, Zhang P, Chen T, Liu Y, Ma J, Li M, Yang D. Characterization of TaSPP-5A gene associated with sucrose content in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:58. [PMID: 35105304 PMCID: PMC8805233 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03442-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sucrose, the major product of photosynthesis and the primary sugar transported as a soluble carbohydrate via the phloem, is a critical determinant for harvest yield in wheat crops. Sucrose-phosphatase (SPP) catalyzes the final step in the sucrose biosynthesis pathway, implying its essential role in the plant. RESULT In this study, wheat SPP homologs genes were isolated from chromosomes 5A, 5B, and 5D, designated as TaSPP-5A, TaSPP-5B, and TaSPP-5D, respectively. Sequence alignment showed one 1-bp Insertion-deletion (InDel) and three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at TaSPP-5A coding region, forming two haplotypes, TaSPP-5Aa and TaSPP-5Ab, respectively. A derived cleaved amplified polymorphism sequence (dCAPS) marker, TaSPP-5A-dCAPS, was developed to discriminate allelic variation based on the polymorphism at position 1242 (C-T). A total of 158 varieties were used to perform a TaSPP-5A marker-trait association analysis, where two haplotypes were significantly associated with sucrose content in two environments and with thousand-grain weight (TGW) and grain length (GL) in three environments. Quantitative real-time PCR further revealed that TaSPP-5Aa showed relatively higher expression than TaSPP-5Ab in wheat seedling leaves, generally associating with increased sucrose content and TGW. The expression of TaSPP-5A and sucrose content in TaSPP-5Aa haplotypes were also higher than those in TaSPP-5Ab haplotypes under both 20% PEG-6000 and 100 μM ABA treatment. Sequence alignment showed that the two TaSPP-5A haplotypes comprised 11 SNPs from -395 to -1962 bp at TaSPP-5A promoter locus, participating in the formation of several conserved sequences, may account for the high expression of TaSPP-5A in TaSPP-5Aa haplotypes. In addition, the distribution analysis of TaSPP-5A haplotypes revealed that TaSPP-5Aa was preferred in the natural wheat population, being strongly positively selected in breeding programs. CONCLUSION According to the SNPs detected in the TaSPP-5A sequence, two haplotypes, TaSPP-5Aa and TaSPP-5Ab, were identified among wheat accessions, which potential value for sucrose content selection was validated by association analysis. Our results indicate that the favorable allelic variation TaSPP-5Aa should be valuable in enhancing grain yield by improving the sucrose content. Furthermore, a functional marker, TaSPP-5A-dCAPS, can be used for marker-assisted selection to improve grain weight in wheat and provides insights into the biological function of TaSPP-5A gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanli Jing
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Yongping Miao
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Jingfu Ma
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Mengfei Li
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Delong Yang
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China.
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China.
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17
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Salmeron-Santiago IA, Martínez-Trujillo M, Valdez-Alarcón JJ, Pedraza-Santos ME, Santoyo G, Pozo MJ, Chávez-Bárcenas AT. An Updated Review on the Modulation of Carbon Partitioning and Allocation in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Plants. Microorganisms 2021; 10:75. [PMID: 35056524 PMCID: PMC8781679 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are obligate biotrophs that supply mineral nutrients to the host plant in exchange for carbon derived from photosynthesis. Sucrose is the end-product of photosynthesis and the main compound used by plants to translocate photosynthates to non-photosynthetic tissues. AMF alter carbon distribution in plants by modifying the expression and activity of key enzymes of sucrose biosynthesis, transport, and/or catabolism. Since sucrose is essential for the maintenance of all metabolic and physiological processes, the modifications addressed by AMF can significantly affect plant development and stress responses. AMF also modulate plant lipid biosynthesis to acquire storage reserves, generate biomass, and fulfill its life cycle. In this review we address the most relevant aspects of the influence of AMF on sucrose and lipid metabolism in plants, including its effects on sucrose biosynthesis both in photosynthetic and heterotrophic tissues, and the influence of sucrose on lipid biosynthesis in the context of the symbiosis. We present a hypothetical model of carbon partitioning between plants and AMF in which the coordinated action of sucrose biosynthesis, transport, and catabolism plays a role in the generation of hexose gradients to supply carbon to AMF, and to control the amount of carbon assigned to the fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juan J. Valdez-Alarcón
- Centro Multidisciplinario de Estudios en Biotecnología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58880, Mexico;
| | - Martha E. Pedraza-Santos
- Facultad de Agrobiología “Presidente Juárez”, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Uruapan 60170, Mexico;
| | - Gustavo Santoyo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58030, Mexico;
| | - María J. Pozo
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Ana T. Chávez-Bárcenas
- Facultad de Agrobiología “Presidente Juárez”, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Uruapan 60170, Mexico;
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18
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Wu Y, Shen YB. Sulfuric Acid and Gibberellic Acid (GA 3) Treatment Combined with Exposure to Cold Temperature Modulates Seed Proteins during Breaking of Dormancy to Germination in Tilia miqueliana. Protein J 2021; 40:940-954. [PMID: 34480247 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-021-10018-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Tilia miqueliana produces woody seeds that exhibit deep dormancy. In this study, we used cell biology methods, including Paraffin section determination and Coomassie brilliant blue staining, as well as proteomics-based methods, including two-dimensional electrophoresis with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (2DE-MALDI-TOF/TOF), to examine the effects of H2SO4-GA3 and cold stratification (3 °C) treatment on proteins during dormancy release and germination in T. miqueliana seeds. The results revealed that during cold stratification, the area and density of proteins in the endosperm cells of H2SO4-GA3-treated seeds were significantly altered. Total protein content was continuously consumed and utilised. Storage proteins (albumin, globulin, prolamin, and glutelin) were degraded to varying degrees. Sixteen differential proteins were identified using mass spectrometry. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis, and metabolic pathways were critical during dormancy release and germination. Gene ontology analysis and KEGG pathway annotation of differential proteins in the co-expression network indicated that the differential proteins are implicated in photosynthesis, glucose metabolism, biosynthesis of plant hormones, and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. Synergistic interactions among these proteins accelerated dormancy release and germination. Therefore, H2SO4-GA3 cold stratification treatment is the best method for achieving rapid dormancy release and increasing the germination rate of T. miqueliana seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yong Bao Shen
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. .,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Southern Tree Inspection Center National Forestry Administration, Nanjing, China.
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19
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Structure and Expression Analysis of Sucrose Phosphate Synthase, Sucrose Synthase and Invertase Gene Families in Solanum lycopersicum. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094698. [PMID: 33946733 PMCID: PMC8124378 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), sucrose synthase (SUS) and invertase (INV) are all encoded by multigene families. In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), a comprehensive analysis of structure characteristics of these family genes is still lacking, and the functions of individual isoforms of these families are mostly unclear under stress. Here, the structure characteristics of the three families in tomato were analyzed; moreover, as a first step toward understanding the functions of isoforms of these proteins under stress, the tissue expression pattern and stress response of these genes were also investigated. The results showed that four SPS genes, six SUS genes and nineteen INV genes were identified in tomato. The subfamily differentiation of SlSPS and SlSUS might have completed before the split of monocotyledons and dicotyledons. The conserved motifs were mostly consistent within each protein family/subfamily. These genes demonstrated differential expressions among family members and tissues, and in response to polyethylene glycerol, NaCl, H2O2, abscisic acid or salicylic acid treatment. Our results suggest that each isoform of these families may have different functions in different tissues and under environmental stimuli. SlSPS1, SlSPS3, SlSUS1, SlSUS3, SlSUS4, SlINVAN5 and SlINVAN7 demonstrated consistent expression responses and may be the major genes responding to exogenous stimuli.
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20
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Kurniah NI, Sawitri WD, Rohman MS, Nugraha Y, Hase T, Sugiharto B. Mutation of UDP-glucose binding motif residues lead to increased affinity for ADP-glucose in sugarcane sucrose phosphate synthase. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:1697-1706. [PMID: 33528727 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06181-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Plant sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS) contains a glycosyltransferase domain, which specifically catalyzes reactions with the nucleotide sugar uridine diphosphate glucose (UDP-G) as a donor substrate. Unlike plant SPS, bacterial SPS is predicted to bind other nucleotide sugars, such as adenosine diphosphate glucose (ADP-G). This study aimed to identify the UDP-G binding site of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) SPS (SoSPS1) and to improve its affinity for ADP-G by site-directed mutagenesis. To achieve targeted mutagenesis, amino acid distribution and comparative modeling studies were performed, followed by site-directed mutagenesis of SoSPS1 in the putative UDP-G binding motif. The N-terminal deletion of SoSPS1 (∆N-SoSPS1) was used for enzymatic analysis. The results showed that mutations in the R-X4-K, E-X7-E, and H-X5-V motifs significantly affect UDP-G and ADP-G binding. Mutations at R496 and K501 severely attenuate the affinity for UDP-G. Additionally, alanine substitutions at E591 and V570 decreased the UDP-G affinity but remarkably increased its ADP-G affinity. The R-X4-K motif plays a crucial role in the UDP-G binding site and catalytic activity of plant SPS; thus, its alteration to other amino acids was not viable. The E-X7-E and H-X5-V motifs may bind to the nucleotide glucose substrate, indicating that these motifs are involved in substrate specificity. These results agree with substrate docking simulations at the mutated residue positions, supporting the experimental results. These results demonstrate that mutation of E591 and V570 severely attenuated the UDP-G affinity, while retaining its activity against ADP-G, offering strategic insights into increasing sucrose synthesis and plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuriyah Inda Kurniah
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Center for Development of Advanced Science and Technology (CDAST), University of Jember, Jl. Kalimantan No 37, Kampus Tegalboto, Jember, 68121, Indonesia.,Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, University of Jember, Jember, 68121, Indonesia
| | - Widhi Dyah Sawitri
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Saifur Rohman
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Yudhi Nugraha
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta, Jakarta, 12450, Indonesia
| | - Toshiharu Hase
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Bambang Sugiharto
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Center for Development of Advanced Science and Technology (CDAST), University of Jember, Jl. Kalimantan No 37, Kampus Tegalboto, Jember, 68121, Indonesia.
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21
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Molecular cloning and expression analysis of sucrose phosphate synthase genes in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Sci Rep 2020; 10:20707. [PMID: 33244128 PMCID: PMC7692556 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77669-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), a key rate-limiting enzyme in the sucrose biosynthesis pathway in plants, is encoded by a multi-gene family. Until recently, the identification and characterization of the SPS gene family have been performed for dozens of plant species; however, few studies have involved a comprehensive analysis of the SPS family members in tropical crops, such as cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). In the current study, five SPS genes (MeSPS1, MeSPS2, MeSPS3, MeSPS4, and MeSPS5) were isolated from cassava, and their sequence characteristics were comprehensively characterized. These MeSPS genes were found distributed on five chromosomes (Chr2, Chr14, Chr15, Chr16, and Chr18). Phylogenetic analysis showed that the MeSPS protein sequences were clustered into three families, together with other SPS sequences from both dicot and monocot species (families A, B, and C). The spatio-temporal expression pattern analysis of MeSPS genes showed a tissue-specific and partially overlapping expression pattern, with the genes mainly expressed in source tissues during cassava growth and development. Correlation analysis revealed that the expression of MeSPS genes correlated positively with root starch content, indicating that the expression of MeSPS genes might accelerate the rate of starch accumulation in the roots of cassava plants.
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22
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Ma P, Zhang X, Chen L, Zhao Q, Zhang Q, Hua X, Wang Z, Tang H, Yu Q, Zhang M, Ming R, Zhang J. Comparative analysis of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) gene family between Saccharum officinarum and Saccharum spontaneum. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:422. [PMID: 32928111 PMCID: PMC7488781 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02599-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) genes play vital roles in sucrose production across various plant species. Modern sugarcane cultivar is derived from the hybridization between the high sugar content species Saccharum officinarum and the high stress tolerance species Saccharum spontaneum, generating one of the most complex genomes among all crops. The genomics of sugarcane SPS remains under-studied despite its profound impact on sugar yield. RESULTS In the present study, 8 and 6 gene sequences for SPS were identified from the BAC libraries of S. officinarum and S. spontaneum, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that SPSD was newly evolved in the lineage of Poaceae species with recently duplicated genes emerging from the SPSA clade. Molecular evolution analysis based on Ka/Ks ratios suggested that polyploidy reduced the selection pressure of SPS genes in Saccharum species. To explore the potential gene functions, the SPS expression patterns were analyzed based on RNA-seq and proteome dataset, and the sugar content was detected using metabolomics analysis. All the SPS members presented the trend of increasing expression in the sink-source transition along the developmental gradient of leaves, suggesting that the SPSs are involved in the photosynthesis in both Saccharum species as their function in dicots. Moreover, SPSs showed the higher expression in S. spontaneum and presented expressional preference between stem (SPSA) and leaf (SPSB) tissue, speculating they might be involved in the differentia of carbohydrate metabolism in these two Saccharum species, which required further verification from experiments. CONCLUSIONS SPSA and SPSB genes presented relatively high expression and differential expression patterns between the two Saccharum species, indicating these two SPSs are important in the formation of regulatory networks and sucrose traits in the two Saccharum species. SPSB was suggested to be a major contributor to the sugar accumulation because it presented the highest expressional level and its expression positively correlated with sugar content. The recently duplicated SPSD2 presented divergent expression levels between the two Saccharum species and the relative protein content levels were highest in stem, supporting the neofunctionalization of the SPSD subfamily in Saccharum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Ma
- Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 China
| | - Xingtan Zhang
- Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 China
| | - Lanping Chen
- Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 China
| | - Xiuting Hua
- Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 China
| | - Zhengchao Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007 China
| | - Haibao Tang
- Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 China
| | - Qingyi Yu
- Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 China
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University System, Dallas, TX 75252 USA
| | - Muqing Zhang
- Guangxi Key Lab of Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi China
| | - Ray Ming
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Jisen Zhang
- Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 China
- Guangxi Key Lab of Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi China
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23
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Bilska-Kos A, Mytych J, Suski S, Magoń J, Ochodzki P, Zebrowski J. Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), sucrose synthase (SUS) and their products in the leaves of Miscanthus × giganteus and Zea mays at low temperature. PLANTA 2020; 252:23. [PMID: 32676847 PMCID: PMC7366575 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03421-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The changes in the expression of key sugar metabolism enzymes (SPS and SUS), sucrose content and arrangement of chloroplast starch may play a significant role in the cold response in M. giganteus and maize plants. To understand the mechanism of the chilling-response of two closely-related C4 plants, we investigated the changes in the expression of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and sucrose synthase (SUS) as well as changes in their potential products: sucrose, cellulose and starch in the leaves of Miscanthus × giganteus and Zea mays. Low temperature (12-14 °C) increased SPS content in Miscanthus (MG) and chilling-sensitive maize line (Zm-S), but not in chilling-tolerant one (Zm-T). In Zm-S line, chilling also caused the higher intensity of labelling of SPS in the cytoplasm of mesophyll cells, as demonstrated by electron microscopy. SUS labelling was also increased by cold stress only in MG plants what was observed in the secondary wall between mesophyll and bundle sheath cells, as well as in the vacuoles of companion cells. Cold led to a marked increase in total starch grain area in the chloroplasts of Zm-S line. In turn, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed a slight shift in the cellulose band position, which may indicate the formation of more compact cellulose arrangement in Zm-T maize line. In conclusion, this work presents new findings supporting diversified cold-response, not only between two C4 plant species but also within one species of maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bilska-Kos
- Department of Plant Biochemistry and Physiology, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute, National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870, Błonie, Poland.
- Department of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Aleja Rejtana 16c, 35-959, Rzeszow, Poland.
| | - Jennifer Mytych
- Department of Animal Physiology and Reproduction, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 2, 36-100, Kolbuszowa, Poland
| | - Szymon Suski
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Str, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Magoń
- Department of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Aleja Rejtana 16c, 35-959, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Piotr Ochodzki
- Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute, National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870, Błonie, Poland
| | - Jacek Zebrowski
- Department of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Aleja Rejtana 16c, 35-959, Rzeszow, Poland
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24
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Kuang CH, Zhao XF, Yang K, Zhang ZP, Ding L, Pu ZE, Ma J, Jiang QT, Chen GY, Wang JR, Wei YM, Zheng YL, Li W. Mapping and characterization of major QTL for spike traits in common wheat. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 26:1295-1307. [PMID: 32549690 PMCID: PMC7266891 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-020-00823-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The spike traits of wheat can directly affect yield. F2 and F2:3 lines derived from the cross of the multi-spikelet female 10-A and the uni-spikelet male BE89 were used to detect QTLs for spike length (SL), total spikelet number per spike (TSS), kernel number per spike (KNS) and thousand-kernel weight (TKW) in four different environments. A total of 1098 SNP and 5 SSR were used to construct genetic map of 2398.1 cM with the average distance of 2.2 cM between markers. A total of 11 QTLs were identified for spike traits, including three QTLs for SL, five QTLs for TSS, two QTLs for KNS and one QTL for TKW. The QTLs mapped to chromosomes 2D, 4A, 6A, 7A and 7B explained 8.2-37.8% of the phenotypic variation in single environment. The major QTL confidence interval with distance of 0.5 cM was located on chromosome 4A and detected in multiple environments, which can explain more than 30% of the phenotypic variation for SL, TSS and KNS. Combining IWGSC RefSeq v1.0 and RNA-seq data for 10-A and BE89, we identified 16 genes expressed on spike or grain in four QTL regions. These findings provide insights into improving wheat yield through increasing spikletes in wheat, particularly through the use of the multi-spikelet female 10-A for breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hao Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Fang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke Yang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-En Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian-Tao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Guo-Yue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Ji-Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ming Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - You-Liang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
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25
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Padhi S, Grimes MM, Muro-Villanueva F, Ortega JL, Sengupta-Gopalan C. Distinct nodule and leaf functions of two different sucrose phosphate synthases in alfalfa. PLANTA 2019; 250:1743-1755. [PMID: 31422508 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03261-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In alfalfa, the B form of Sucrose phosphate synthase synthesizes sucrose in the leaves while the A form participates in regulatory cycles of synthesis/breakdown of sucrose/starch in the root nodules. Sucrose (Suc) is the major stable product of photosynthesis that is transported to all heterotrophic organs as a source of energy and carbon. The enzyme sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) catalyzes the synthesis of Suc. Besides the leaves, SPS is also found in heterotrophic organs. There are two isoforms of SPS in alfalfa (Medicago sativa): SPSA and SPSB. While SPSA is expressed in the vasculature of all the organs and in the N2-fixing zone in the nodules, SPSB is exclusively expressed in the photosynthetic cells. Two classes of alfalfa transformants were produced, one with a gene construct consisting of the alfalfa SPSA promoter and the other with the SPSB promoter-both driving the maize SPS coding region-referred to as SPSA-ZmSPS and SPSB-ZmSPS, respectively. Both classes of transformants showed increased growth compared to control plants. The SPSB-ZmSPS transformants showed increased SPS protein levels and activity along with a significant increase in the Suc levels in the leaves. The SPSA-ZmSPS transformants showed an increase in the SPS protein level and enzyme activity both in the leaves and the nodules with no increase in Suc content in the leaves but a substantial increase in the nodules. Both SPSA and SPSB have unique roles in the nodules (sink) and leaves (source). SPSB is responsible for the synthesis of Suc in the photosynthetic cells and SPSA participates in a regulatory cycle in which Suc is simultaneously degraded and re-synthesized; both these functions contribute to plant growth in rhizobia nodulated alfalfa plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanta Padhi
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
| | - Martha M Grimes
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Fabiola Muro-Villanueva
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jose Luis Ortega
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
| | - Champa Sengupta-Gopalan
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA.
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26
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Qualitative proteomic comparison of metabolic and CM-like protein fractions in old and modern wheat Italian genotypes by a shotgun approach. J Proteomics 2019; 211:103530. [PMID: 31629055 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The close relationship between diet and health is generally recognized and the growing wellness and consciousness, especially in developed countries, have led to increasing interest for old wheat genotypes, based on perceived health benefits. Although nutritional comparison between old and modern wheat varieties is still controversial, it is generally accepted that old wheat genotypes remained unchanged over the last hundred years. By contrast, modern wheat genotypes are derived by modification of old wheats during the so-called "Green-Revolution" in the second half of the 20th century focusing on obtaining properties in terms of higher grain yield. The present work reports the first comprehensive proteomic profiling and qualitative comparison at the molecular level of metabolic and Chloroform-Methanol (CM)-like protein fractions extracted from mature kernels of two old Sicilian durum wheat landraces, Russello and Timilia Reste Bianche, and Simeto, an improved durum wheat variety widespread in Italy and other Mediterranean countries and chosen as representative of the most widely commercial cultivars. The results obtained reveal that metabolic and CM-like protein fractions of old and modern genotypes present remarkably high similarity with only minor differences. This leads to the conclusion that from a food and nutritional perspective there is a substantial equivalence of the protein composition of the old and modern cultivars. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD014449. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE: In recent years consumers have shown growing interest in the old wheat genotypes, which are generally perceived more "natural" and healthier than modern ones. However, comparison of nutritional value for modern and old wheat varieties is still controversial suggesting further studies. In particular proteome analysis of old and modern wheat genotypes is currently ongoing with particular focus on gluten proteins, whereas the metabolic protein fraction has not yet been investigated. In the present study, we conducted a comprehensive proteomic profile and qualitative comparison at the molecular level of metabolic and Chloroform-Methanol (CM)-like protein fractions of the old Sicilian landraces Russello and Timilia Reste Bianche and the modern cultivar Simeto by applying a shotgun approach. The results reveal that the metabolic and CM-like protein fractions of old and modern genotypes are remarkably similar with only minor differences, leading to the conclusion that from a food and nutritional perspective there is a substantial equivalence of these cultivars. These results may contribute to improved understanding of the relationship between protein profiles of old wheat genotypes and their potential benefits for human consumption.
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Fabi JP, do Prado SBR. Fast and Furious: Ethylene-Triggered Changes in the Metabolism of Papaya Fruit During Ripening. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:535. [PMID: 31105730 PMCID: PMC6497978 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Papaya is a climacteric fleshy fruit characterized by fast ripening after harvest. During the relatively short postharvest period, papaya fruit undergoes several changes in metabolism that result in pulp softening and sweetening, as well as the development of a characteristic aroma. Since papaya is one of the most cultivated and appreciated tropical fruit crops worldwide, extensive research has been conducted to not only understand the formation of the quality and nutritional attributes of ripe fruit but also to develop methods for controlling the ripening process. However, most strategies to postpone papaya ripening, and therefore to increase shelf life, have failed to maintain fruit quality. Ethylene blockage precludes carotenoid biosynthesis, while cold storage can induce chilling injury and negatively affect the volatile profile of papaya. As a climacteric fruit, the fast ripening of papaya is triggered by ethylene biosynthesis. The generation of the climacteric ethylene positive feedback loop is elicited by the expression of a specific transcription factor that leads to an up-regulation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase (ACS) and ACC-oxidase (ACO) expression, triggering the system II ethylene biosynthesis. The ethylene burst occurs about 3 to 4 days after harvest and induces pectinase expression. The disassembling of the papaya cell wall appears to help in fruit sweetness, while glucose and fructose are also produced by acidic invertases. The increase in ethylene production also results in carotenoid accumulation due to the induction of cyclases and hydroxylases, leading to yellow and red/orange-colored pulp phenotypes. Moreover, the production of volatile terpene linalool, an important biological marker for papaya's sensorial quality, is also induced by ethylene. All these mentioned processes are related to papaya's sensorial and nutritional quality. We describe the understanding of ethylene-triggered events that influence papaya quality and nutritional traits, as these characteristics are a consequence of an accelerated metabolism during fruit ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Paulo Fabi
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Food Research Center (FoRC), CEPID-FAPESP (Research, Innovation and Dissemination Centers, São Paulo Research Foundation), São Paulo, Brazil
- Food and Nutrition Research Center (NAPAN), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samira Bernardino Ramos do Prado
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Food Research Center (FoRC), CEPID-FAPESP (Research, Innovation and Dissemination Centers, São Paulo Research Foundation), São Paulo, Brazil
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Li X, Du J, Guo J, Wang H, Ma S, Lü J, Sui X, Zhang Z. The functions of cucumber sucrose phosphate synthases 4 (CsSPS4) in carbon metabolism and transport in sucrose- and stachyose-transporting plants. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 228:150-157. [PMID: 29913429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sucrose phosphate synthases (SPSs) are rate-limiting sucrose synthesis enzymes present in photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic tissues. The cucumber genome contains three SPSs that can be grouped into families A, B, and C. CsSPS1 and CsSPS2 are highly expressed in flowers and mature leaves, while the expression level of CsSPS4 increased gradually after leaf unfolding in our study and reached its peak after 20 days. In CsSPS4-overexpression tobacco plants, sucrose content and sucrose/starch ratio were increased significantly and resulted in improved leaf yield. By contrast, in CsSPS4-overexpression (CsSPS4-OE) cucumber lines, contents of sucrose and starch were unchanged, and raffinose was increased in transgenic cucumber leaves. The expression of cucumber raffinose family oligosaccharide (RFO)-synthesis-related genes increased obviously in cucumber CsSPS4-OE plants, and the sucrose, raffinose, and stachyose contents increased significantly in the petioles of CsSPS4-OE lines. In CsSPS4-antisense (CsSPS4-A) cucumber lines, decreases occurred in mRNA expression, enzyme activity, sucrose content, sucrose/starch ratio, and stachyose transport, but the RFO-synthesis-related genes were nearly unchanged. Together, these results suggest that overexpression of CsSPS4 can lead to carbon metabolism prioritizing sugar transport in cucumber, and suppression of CsSPS4 likely promotes carbon metabolism to accumulate starch, showing a more complicated carbon distribution model than in transgenic tobacco plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinju Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Si Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianguo Lü
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolei Sui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhenxian Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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29
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Yang Z, Liu D, Ji H. Sucrose metabolism in developing oil-rich tubers of Cyperus esculentus: comparative transcriptome analysis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:151. [PMID: 30041609 PMCID: PMC6056992 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1363-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyperus esculentus is unique in that it can accumulate significant amounts of oil, starch and sugar as major storage reserves in tubers with high tuber yield and therefore considered as a novel model to study carbon allocation into different storage reserves in underground sink tissues such as tubers and roots. Sucrose (Suc) plays a central role in control of carbon flux toward biosynthesis of different storage reserves; however, it remains unclear for the molecular mechanism underlying Suc metabolism in underground oil-rich storage tissues. In the present study, a comprehensive transcriptome analysis of C. esculentus oil tuber compared to other plant oil- or carbohydrate-rich storage tissues was made for the expression patterns of genes related to the Suc metabolism. RESULTS The results revealed some species-specific features of gene transcripts in oil tuber of C. esculentus, indicating that: (i) the expressions of genes responsible for Suc metabolism are developmentally regulated and displayed a pattern dissimilar to other plant storage tissues; (ii) both of Suc breakdown and biosynthesis processes might be the major pathways associated with Suc metabolism; (iii) it was probably that Suc degradation could be primarily through the action of Suc synthase (SUS) other than invertase (INV) during tuber development. The orthologs of SUS1, SUS3 and SUS4 are the main SUS isoforms catalyzing Suc breakdown while the vacuolar INV (VIN) is the leading determinant controlling sugar composition; (iv) cytosolic hexose phosphorylation possibly relies more on fructose as substrate and uridine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGP) plays an important role in this pathway; (v) it is Suc-phosphate synthase (SPS) B- and C-family members rather than SPS A that are the principal contributors to SPS enzymes and play crucial roles in Suc biosynthesis pathway. CONCLUSIONS We have successfully identified the Suc metabolic pathways in C. esculentus tubers, highlighting several conserved and distinct expressions that might contribute to sugar accumulation in this unique underground storage tissue. The specific and differential expression genes revealed in this study might indicate the special molecular mechanism and transcriptional regulation of Suc metabolism occurred in oil tubers of C. esculentus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenle Yang
- Key Lab of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093 China
| | - Dantong Liu
- Key Lab of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Hongying Ji
- Key Lab of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
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30
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Zhang Q, Song X, Bartels D. Sugar metabolism in the desiccation tolerant grass Oropetium thomaeum in response to environmental stresses. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 270:30-36. [PMID: 29576083 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Oropetium thomaeum is a desiccation tolerant grass and acquisition of desiccation tolerance is correlated with changes in carbohydrate metabolism. Here we address the question whether the changes in carbohydrate metabolism are specific to the dehydration process or whether other environmental factors such as high temperature, low temperature, hypoxia, salinity or exogenous ABA application trigger the same or different changes in the sugar metabolism. Fifteen different sugar metabolites were identified by GC/MS, including erythritol, arabinose, fructose, galactose, glucose, myo-inositol, sedoheptulose, sucrose, trehalose, galactinol, maltose, raffinose, manninotriose and stachyose. Together with starch, these sugars were placed into the pathways of sucrose metabolism and raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) metabolism, as well as into the group of rare sugars. By comparing the changes of sugars under various stresses, we concluded that the changes in the sugar metabolism are both convergent and divergent in response to different stresses. Except for the general response to stress, such as starch degradation, the changes of specific sugar metabolites reflect a stress-specific response of O. thomaeum. Erythritol seems to be specific for dehydration, myo-inositol for salt stress and trehalose for hypoxia stress. Similar as dehydration, low temperature, salt stress and ABA application resulted in the accumulation of sucrose and RFOs in O. thomaeum, which indicates that these stresses share high similarity with dehydration. Thus it is proposed that sucrose and RFOs have a general protective role under these stresses. In contrast sucrose and RFOs did not accumulate in response to high temperature or hypoxia whose effects tend to be consumptive and destructive. The accumulation of galactose, melibiose and manninotriose demonstrate that RFOs are degraded under stress. The accumulation of these sugar metabolites might result from the reaction of RFOs and stress-produced hydroxyl radicals, which supports a possible role of RFOs in stress defense. In addition, ABA application led to substantial synthesis of stachyose which occurs only in response to dehydration, indicating that stachyose synthesis is possibly closely related to ABA in O. thomaeum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwei Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Xiaomin Song
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dorothea Bartels
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
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31
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Sawitri WD, Afidah SN, Nakagawa A, Hase T, Sugiharto B. Identification of UDP-glucose binding site in glycosyltransferase domain of sucrose phosphate synthase from sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) by structure-based site-directed mutagenesis. Biophys Rev 2018; 10:293-298. [PMID: 29222806 PMCID: PMC5899720 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-017-0360-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) is believed to be the key enzyme for controlling the biosynthesis of sucrose. SPSs consist of a functional glycosyltransferase domain that shares conserved residues with the glycosyltransferase domain of sucrose biosynthesis-related protein. The formation of sucrose-6-phosphate is catalyzed by SPS with the transfer of a glycosyl group of uridine diphosphate glucose (UDP-G) as an activated donor sugar to a fructose-6-phosphate as a sugar acceptor. However, understanding of the mechanism of catalytic and substrate binding in SPS is very limited. Based on amino acid sequence alignments with several enzymes that belong to the glycosyltransferase family, the UDP-G binding sites that might be critical for catalytic mechanism were identified. Here, we report that single point mutation of R496, D498, and V570 located in the proposed UDP-G binding site led to less active or complete loss of enzyme activity. Through structure-based site-directed mutagenesis and biochemical studies, the results indicated that these residues contribute to the catalytic activity of plant SPS. Moreover, understanding of the UDP-G binding site provides an insight into new strategies for enzyme engineering and redesigning a catalytic mechanism for UDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Widhi Dyah Sawitri
- Center for Development of Advanced Science and Technology (CDAST), University of Jember, Jl. Kalimantan 37, Jember, 68121, Indonesia
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Jember University, J1. Kalimantan 37, Jember, 68121, Indonesia
| | - Siti Nurul Afidah
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember, Jl. Kalimantan 37, Jember, 68121, Indonesia
| | - Atsushi Nakagawa
- Research Center for State-of-the-art Functional Protein Analysis, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Hase
- Division of Protein Chemistry, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Bambang Sugiharto
- Center for Development of Advanced Science and Technology (CDAST), University of Jember, Jl. Kalimantan 37, Jember, 68121, Indonesia.
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Jember University, J1. Kalimantan 37, Jember, 68121, Indonesia.
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember, Jl. Kalimantan 37, Jember, 68121, Indonesia.
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Kumar R, Mukherjee S, Ayele BT. Molecular aspects of sucrose transport and its metabolism to starch during seed development in wheat: A comprehensive review. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:954-967. [PMID: 29499342 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Wheat is one of the most important crops globally, and its grain is mainly used for human food, accounting for 20% of the total dietary calories. It is also used as animal feed and as a raw material for a variety of non-food and non-feed industrial products such as a feedstock for the production of bioethanol. Starch is the major constituent of a wheat grain, as a result, it is considered as a critical determinant of wheat yield and quality. The amount and composition of starch deposited in wheat grains is controlled primarily by sucrose transport from source tissues to the grain and its conversion to starch. Therefore, elucidation of the molecular mechanisms regulating these physiological processes provides important opportunities to improve wheat starch yield and quality through biotechnological approaches. This review comprehensively discusses the current understanding of the molecular aspects of sucrose transport and sucrose-to-starch metabolism in wheat grains. It also highlights the advances and prospects of starch biotechnology in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Kumar
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, 222 Agriculture Building, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Shalini Mukherjee
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, 222 Agriculture Building, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Belay T Ayele
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, 222 Agriculture Building, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada.
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33
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Wang D, Zhao J, Hu B, Li J, Qin Y, Chen L, Qin Y, Hu G. Identification and expression profile analysis of the sucrose phosphate synthase gene family in Litchi chinensis Sonn. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4379. [PMID: 29473005 PMCID: PMC5816967 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS, EC 2.4.1.14) is a key enzyme that regulates sucrose biosynthesis in plants. SPS is encoded by different gene families which display differential expression patterns and functional divergence. Genome-wide identification and expression analyses of SPS gene families have been performed in Arabidopsis, rice, and sugarcane, but a comprehensive analysis of the SPS gene family in Litchi chinensis Sonn. has not yet been reported. In the current study, four SPS gene (LcSPS1, LcSPS2, LcSPS3, and LcSPS4) were isolated from litchi. The genomic organization analysis indicated the four litchi SPS genes have very similar exon-intron structures. Phylogenetic tree showed LcSPS1-4 were grouped into different SPS families (LcSPS1 and LcSPS2 in A family, LcSPS3 in B family, and LcSPS4 in C family). LcSPS1 and LcSPS4 were strongly expressed in the flowers, while LcSPS3 most expressed in mature leaves. RT-qPCR results showed that LcSPS genes expressed differentially during aril development between cultivars with different hexose/sucrose ratios. A higher level of expression of LcSPS genes was detected in Wuheli, which accumulates higher sucrose in the aril at mature. The tissue- and developmental stage-specific expression of LcSPS1-4 genes uncovered in this study increase our understanding of the important roles played by these genes in litchi fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jietang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaqi Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linhuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonghua Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guibing Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Zaynab M, Kanwal S, Furqan M, Islam W, Noman A, Ali GM, Rehman N, Zafar S, Sughra K, Jahanzab M. Proteomic approach to address low seed germination in Cyclobalnopsis gilva. Biotechnol Lett 2017; 39:1441-1451. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-017-2393-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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35
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Maddison AL, Camargo-Rodriguez A, Scott IM, Jones CM, Elias DMO, Hawkins S, Massey A, Clifton-Brown J, McNamara NP, Donnison IS, Purdy SJ. Predicting future biomass yield in Miscanthus using the carbohydrate metabolic profile as a biomarker. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY. BIOENERGY 2017; 9:1264-1278. [PMID: 28713439 PMCID: PMC5488626 DOI: 10.1111/gcbb.12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In perennial energy crop breeding programmes, it can take several years before a mature yield is reached when potential new varieties can be scored. Modern plant breeding technologies have focussed on molecular markers, but for many crop species, this technology is unavailable. Therefore, prematurity predictors of harvestable yield would accelerate the release of new varieties. Metabolic biomarkers are routinely used in medicine, but they have been largely overlooked as predictive tools in plant science. We aimed to identify biomarkers of productivity in the bioenergy crop, Miscanthus, that could be used prognostically to predict future yields. This study identified a metabolic profile reflecting productivity in Miscanthus by correlating the summer carbohydrate composition of multiple genotypes with final yield 6 months later. Consistent and strong, significant correlations were observed between carbohydrate metrics and biomass traits at two separate field sites over 2 years. Machine-learning feature selection was used to optimize carbohydrate metrics for support vector regression models, which were able to predict interyear biomass traits with a correlation (R) of >0.67 between predicted and actual values. To identify a causal basis for the relationships between the glycome profile and biomass, a 13C-labelling experiment compared carbohydrate partitioning between high- and low-yielding genotypes. A lower yielding and slower growing genotype partitioned a greater percentage of the 13C pulse into starch compared to a faster growing genotype where a greater percentage was located in the structural biomass. These results supported a link between plant performance and carbon flow through two rival pathways (starch vs. sucrose), with higher yielding plants exhibiting greater partitioning into structural biomass, via sucrose metabolism, rather than starch. Our results demonstrate that the plant metabolome can be used prognostically to anticipate future yields and this is a method that could be used to accelerate selection in perennial energy crop breeding programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne L Maddison
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences Aberystwyth University Plas Gogerddan SY23 3EB UK
| | - Anyela Camargo-Rodriguez
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences Aberystwyth University Plas Gogerddan SY23 3EB UK
| | - Ian M Scott
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences Aberystwyth University Plas Gogerddan SY23 3EB UK
| | - Charlotte M Jones
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences Aberystwyth University Plas Gogerddan SY23 3EB UK
| | - Dafydd M O Elias
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Lancaster Environment Centre Library Avenue Bailrigg Lancaster LA1 4AP UK
| | - Sarah Hawkins
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences Aberystwyth University Plas Gogerddan SY23 3EB UK
| | - Alice Massey
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences Aberystwyth University Plas Gogerddan SY23 3EB UK
| | - John Clifton-Brown
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences Aberystwyth University Plas Gogerddan SY23 3EB UK
| | - Niall P McNamara
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Lancaster Environment Centre Library Avenue Bailrigg Lancaster LA1 4AP UK
| | - Iain S Donnison
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences Aberystwyth University Plas Gogerddan SY23 3EB UK
| | - Sarah J Purdy
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences Aberystwyth University Plas Gogerddan SY23 3EB UK
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36
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Almadanim MC, Alexandre BM, Rosa MTG, Sapeta H, Leitão AE, Ramalho JC, Lam TT, Negrão S, Abreu IA, Oliveira MM. Rice calcium-dependent protein kinase OsCPK17 targets plasma membrane intrinsic protein and sucrose-phosphate synthase and is required for a proper cold stress response. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:1197-1213. [PMID: 28102545 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are involved in plant tolerance mechanisms to abiotic stresses. Although CDPKs are recognized as key messengers in signal transduction, the specific role of most members of this family remains unknown. Here, we test the hypothesis that OsCPK17 plays a role in rice cold stress response by analysing OsCPK17 knockout, silencing and overexpressing rice lines under low temperature. Altered OsCPK17 gene expression compromises cold tolerance performance, without affecting the expression of key cold stress-inducible genes. A comparative phosphoproteomic approach led to the identification of six potential in vivo OsCPK17 targets, which are associated with sugar and nitrogen metabolism, and with osmotic regulation. To test direct interaction, in vitro kinase assays were performed, showing that the sucrose-phosphate synthase OsSPS4 and the aquaporin OsPIP2;1/OsPIP2;6 are phosphorylated by OsCPK17 in a calcium-dependent manner. Altogether, our data indicates that OsCPK17 is required for a proper cold stress response in rice, likely affecting the activity of membrane channels and sugar metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cecília Almadanim
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Bruno M Alexandre
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Margarida T G Rosa
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Helena Sapeta
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - António E Leitão
- Plant Stress and Biodiversity, Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Dept. Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Território (DRAT), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 2784-505, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - José C Ramalho
- Plant Stress and Biodiversity, Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Dept. Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Território (DRAT), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 2784-505, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - TuKiet T Lam
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520-8024, USA
- MS and Proteomics Resource, WM Keck Foundation Biotechnology Resource Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520-8024, USA
| | - Sónia Negrão
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Isabel A Abreu
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - M Margarida Oliveira
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
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Solís-Guzmán MG, Argüello-Astorga G, López-Bucio J, Ruiz-Herrera LF, López-Meza JE, Sánchez-Calderón L, Carreón-Abud Y, Martínez-Trujillo M. Arabidopsis thaliana sucrose phosphate synthase (sps) genes are expressed differentially in organs and tissues, and their transcription is regulated by osmotic stress. Gene Expr Patterns 2017. [PMID: 28642207 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Sucrose is synthesized from UDP-Glc and Fru-6-phosphate via the activity of sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS) enzymes, which produce Suc-6-phosphate. Suc-6-phosphate is rapidly dephosphorylated by phosphatases to produce Suc and inorganic phosphate. Arabidopsis has four sps genes encoding SPS enzymes. Of these enzymes, AtSPS1F and AtSPS2F have been grouped with other dicotyledonous SPS enzymes, while AtSPS3F and AtSPS4F are included in groups with both dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous SPS enzymes. In this work, we generated Arabidopsis thaliana transformants containing the promoter region of each sps gene fused to gfp::uidA reporter genes. A detailed characterization of expression conferred by the sps promoters in organs and tissues was performed. We observed expression of AtSPS1F, AtSPS2F and AtSPS3F in the columella roots of the plants that support sucrose synthesis. Hence, these findings support the idea that sucrose synthesis occurs in the columella cells, and suggests that sucrose has a role in this tissue. In addition, the expression of AtSPS4F was identified in embryos and suggests its participation in this developmental stage. Quantitative transcriptional analysis of A. thaliana plants grown in media with different osmotic potential showed that AtSPS2F and AtSPS4F respond to osmotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerardo Argüello-Astorga
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P. C.P. 78216, Mexico
| | - José López-Bucio
- Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán CP 58000, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Yazmín Carreón-Abud
- Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán CP 58000, Mexico
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38
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Hoang NV, Furtado A, Mason PJ, Marquardt A, Kasirajan L, Thirugnanasambandam PP, Botha FC, Henry RJ. A survey of the complex transcriptome from the highly polyploid sugarcane genome using full-length isoform sequencing and de novo assembly from short read sequencing. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:395. [PMID: 28532419 PMCID: PMC5440902 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3757-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the economic importance of sugarcane in sugar and bioenergy production, there is not yet a reference genome available. Most of the sugarcane transcriptomic studies have been based on Saccharum officinarum gene indices (SoGI), expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and de novo assembled transcript contigs from short-reads; hence knowledge of the sugarcane transcriptome is limited in relation to transcript length and number of transcript isoforms. RESULTS The sugarcane transcriptome was sequenced using PacBio isoform sequencing (Iso-Seq) of a pooled RNA sample derived from leaf, internode and root tissues, of different developmental stages, from 22 varieties, to explore the potential for capturing full-length transcript isoforms. A total of 107,598 unique transcript isoforms were obtained, representing about 71% of the total number of predicted sugarcane genes. The majority of this dataset (92%) matched the plant protein database, while just over 2% was novel transcripts, and over 2% was putative long non-coding RNAs. About 56% and 23% of total sequences were annotated against the gene ontology and KEGG pathway databases, respectively. Comparison with de novo contigs from Illumina RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) of the internode samples from the same experiment and public databases showed that the Iso-Seq method recovered more full-length transcript isoforms, had a higher N50 and average length of largest 1,000 proteins; whereas a greater representation of the gene content and RNA diversity was captured in RNA-Seq. Only 62% of PacBio transcript isoforms matched 67% of de novo contigs, while the non-matched proportions were attributed to the inclusion of leaf/root tissues and the normalization in PacBio, and the representation of more gene content and RNA classes in the de novo assembly, respectively. About 69% of PacBio transcript isoforms and 41% of de novo contigs aligned with the sorghum genome, indicating the high conservation of orthologs in the genic regions of the two genomes. CONCLUSIONS The transcriptome dataset should contribute to improved sugarcane gene models and sugarcane protein predictions; and will serve as a reference database for analysis of transcript expression in sugarcane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam V Hoang
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Room 2.245, Level 2, The John Hay Building, Queensland Biosciences Precinct [#80], 306 Carmody Road, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.,College of Agriculture and Forestry, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Agnelo Furtado
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Room 2.245, Level 2, The John Hay Building, Queensland Biosciences Precinct [#80], 306 Carmody Road, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Patrick J Mason
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Room 2.245, Level 2, The John Hay Building, Queensland Biosciences Precinct [#80], 306 Carmody Road, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Annelie Marquardt
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Room 2.245, Level 2, The John Hay Building, Queensland Biosciences Precinct [#80], 306 Carmody Road, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.,Sugar Research Australia, Indooroopilly, QLD, 4068, Australia
| | - Lakshmi Kasirajan
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Room 2.245, Level 2, The John Hay Building, Queensland Biosciences Precinct [#80], 306 Carmody Road, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.,ICAR - Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prathima P Thirugnanasambandam
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Room 2.245, Level 2, The John Hay Building, Queensland Biosciences Precinct [#80], 306 Carmody Road, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.,ICAR - Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Frederik C Botha
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Room 2.245, Level 2, The John Hay Building, Queensland Biosciences Precinct [#80], 306 Carmody Road, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.,Sugar Research Australia, Indooroopilly, QLD, 4068, Australia
| | - Robert J Henry
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Room 2.245, Level 2, The John Hay Building, Queensland Biosciences Precinct [#80], 306 Carmody Road, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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Hashida Y, Hirose T, Okamura M, Hibara KI, Ohsugi R, Aoki N. A reduction of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activity affects sucrose/starch ratio in leaves but does not inhibit normal plant growth in rice. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 253:40-49. [PMID: 27968995 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2016.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) has been shown to mediate sucrose/starch ratio in plant leaves through studies of 'starch leaf' species that mainly accumulate starch in their leaves. However, the contribution of SPS to sucrose/starch ratio in rice leaves, which mainly accumulate sucrose (i.e., 'sugar leaf'), has not been confirmed due to inconsistencies in the results of previous studies. In this study, we analyzed mutant lines with reduced SPS activity, which were generated using Tos17 insertion, RNAi, and the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The knockdown and knockout mutants of OsSPS1 showed a 29-46% reduction in SPS activity in the leaves, but the carbohydrate content in the leaves and plant growth were not significantly different from those of wild-type plants. In a double knockout mutant of OsSPS1 and OsSPS11 (sps1/sps11), an 84% reduction in leaf SPS activity resulted in higher starch accumulation in the leaves than in the wild-type leaves. However, the sps1/sps11 plants grew normally, which is in contrast to the inhibited growth of SPS mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana, a typical starch leaf plant. These results suggest that SPS has a smaller effect on the sucrose/starch ratio in leaves and growth of rice than on starch leaf species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Hashida
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Hirose
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; Central Region Agricultural Research Center, NARO, 1-2-1 Inada, Joetsu, Niigata 943-0193, Japan
| | - Masaki Okamura
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichiro Hibara
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ryu Ohsugi
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Naohiro Aoki
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
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40
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Sawitri WD, Narita H, Ishizaka-Ikeda E, Sugiharto B, Hase T, Nakagawa A. Purification and characterization of recombinant sugarcane sucrose phosphate synthase expressed in E. coli and insect Sf9 cells: an importance of the N-terminal domain for an allosteric regulatory property. J Biochem 2016; 159:599-607. [PMID: 26826371 PMCID: PMC4892393 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvw004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2011] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) catalyses the transfer of glycosyl group of uridine diphosphate glucose to fructose-6-phosphate to form sucrose-6-phosphate. Plant SPS plays a key role in photosynthetic carbon metabolisms, which activity is modulated by an allosteric activator glucose-6-phosphate (G6P). We produced recombinant sugarcane SPS using Escherichia coli and Sf9 insect cells to investigate its structure-function relationship. When expressed in E. coli, two forms of SPS with different sizes appeared; the larger was comparable in size with the authentic plant enzyme and the shorter was trimmed the N-terminal 20 kDa region off. In the insect cells, only enzyme with the authentic size was produced. We purified the trimmed SPS and the full size enzyme from insect cells and found their enzymatic properties differed significantly; the full size enzyme was activated allosterically by G6P, while the trimmed one showed a high activity even without G6P. We further introduced a series of N-terminal truncations up to 171 residue and found G6P-independent activity was enhanced by the truncation. These combined results indicated that the N-terminal region of sugarcane SPS is crucial for the allosteric regulation by G6P and may function like a suppressor domain for the enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Widhi Dyah Sawitri
- Research Center for State-of-the-Art Functional Protein Analysis, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Narita
- Research Center for State-of-the-Art Functional Protein Analysis, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Etsuko Ishizaka-Ikeda
- Research Center for State-of-the-Art Functional Protein Analysis, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Bambang Sugiharto
- Center for Development of Advanced Science and Technology, Jember University, Jl. Kalimantan No. 37, Kampus Tegalboto, Jember 68121, Indonesia; and
| | - Toshiharu Hase
- Division of Protein Chemistry, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakagawa
- Research Center for State-of-the-Art Functional Protein Analysis, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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41
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Sucrose metabolism gene families and their biological functions. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17583. [PMID: 26616172 PMCID: PMC4663468 DOI: 10.1038/srep17583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sucrose, as the main product of photosynthesis, plays crucial roles in plant development. Although studies on general metabolism pathway were well documented, less information is available on the genome-wide identification of these genes, their expansion and evolutionary history as well as their biological functions. We focused on four sucrose metabolism related gene families including sucrose synthase, sucrose phosphate synthase, sucrose phosphate phosphatase and UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. These gene families exhibited different expansion and evolutionary history as their host genomes experienced differentiated rates of the whole genome duplication, tandem and segmental duplication, or mobile element mediated gene gain and loss. They were evolutionarily conserved under purifying selection among species and expression divergence played important roles for gene survival after expansion. However, we have detected recent positive selection during intra-species divergence. Overexpression of 15 sorghum genes in Arabidopsis revealed their roles in biomass accumulation, flowering time control, seed germination and response to high salinity and sugar stresses. Our studies uncovered the molecular mechanisms of gene expansion and evolution and also provided new insight into the role of positive selection in intra-species divergence. Overexpression data revealed novel biological functions of these genes in flowering time control and seed germination under normal and stress conditions.
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Baute J, Herman D, Coppens F, De Block J, Slabbinck B, Dell'Acqua M, Pè ME, Maere S, Nelissen H, Inzé D. Correlation analysis of the transcriptome of growing leaves with mature leaf parameters in a maize RIL population. Genome Biol 2015; 16:168. [PMID: 26357925 PMCID: PMC4566308 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-015-0735-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To sustain the global requirements for food and renewable resources, unraveling the molecular networks underlying plant growth is becoming pivotal. Although several approaches to identify genes and networks involved in final organ size have been proven successful, our understanding remains fragmentary. RESULTS Here, we assessed variation in 103 lines of the Zea mays B73xH99 RIL population for a set of final leaf size and whole shoot traits at the seedling stage, complemented with measurements capturing growth dynamics, and cellular measurements. Most traits correlated well with the size of the division zone, implying that the molecular basis of final leaf size is already defined in dividing cells of growing leaves. Therefore, we searched for association between the transcriptional variation in dividing cells of the growing leaf and final leaf size and seedling biomass, allowing us to identify genes and processes correlated with the specific traits. A number of these genes have a known function in leaf development. Additionally, we illustrated that two independent mechanisms contribute to final leaf size, maximal growth rate and the duration of growth. CONCLUSIONS Untangling complex traits such as leaf size by applying in-depth phenotyping allows us to define the relative contributions of the components and their mutual associations, facilitating dissection of the biological processes and regulatory networks underneath.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joke Baute
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium. .,Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Dorota Herman
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium. .,Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Frederik Coppens
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium. .,Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Jolien De Block
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium. .,Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Bram Slabbinck
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium. .,Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Matteo Dell'Acqua
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Mario Enrico Pè
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Steven Maere
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium. .,Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Hilde Nelissen
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium. .,Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Dirk Inzé
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium. .,Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
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Chandra A, Verma PK, Islam MN, Grisham MP, Jain R, Sharma A, Roopendra K, Singh K, Singh P, Verma I, Solomon S. Expression analysis of genes associated with sucrose accumulation in sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids) varieties differing in content and time of peak sucrose storage. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2015; 17:608-17. [PMID: 25311688 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Sucrose synthesis/accumulation in sugarcane is a complex process involving many genes and regulatory sequences that control biochemical events in source-sink tissues. Among these, sucrose synthase (SuSy), sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), soluble acid (SAI) and cell wall (CWI) invertases are important. Expression of these enzymes was compared in an early (CoJ64) and late (BO91) maturing sugarcane variety using end-point and qRT-PCR. Quantitative RT-PCR at four crop stages revealed high CWI expression in upper internodes of CoJ64, which declined significantly in both top and bottom internodes with maturity. In BO91, CWI expression was high in top and bottom internodes and declined significantly only in top internodes as the crop matured. Overall, CWI expression was higher in CoJ64 than in BO91. During crop growth, there was no significant change in SPS expression in bottom internodes in CoJ64, whereas in BO91 it decreased significantly. Apart from a significant decrease in expression of SuSy in mature bottom internodes of BO91, there was no significant change. Similar SAI expression was observed with both end-point and RT-PCR, except for significantly increased expression in top internodes of CoJ64 with maturity. SAI, being a major sucrose hydrolysing enzyme, was also monitored with end-point PCR expression in internode tissues of CoJ64 and BO91, with higher expression of SAI in BO91 at early crop stages. Enzyme inhibitors, e.g. manganese chloride (Mn(++) ), significantly suppressed expression of SAI in both early- and late-maturing varieties. Present findings enhance understanding of critical sucrose metabolic gene expression in sugarcane varieties differing in content and time of peak sucrose storage. Thus, through employing these genes, improvement of sugarcane sucrose content is possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chandra
- Division of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, India
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Volkert K, Debast S, Voll LM, Voll H, Schießl I, Hofmann J, Schneider S, Börnke F. Loss of the two major leaf isoforms of sucrose-phosphate synthase in Arabidopsis thaliana limits sucrose synthesis and nocturnal starch degradation but does not alter carbon partitioning during photosynthesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:5217-29. [PMID: 24994761 PMCID: PMC4400537 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Sucrose (Suc)-phosphate synthase (SPS) catalyses one of the rate-limiting steps in the synthesis of Suc in plants. The Arabidopsis genome contains four annotated SPS genes which can be grouped into three different families (SPSA1, SPSA2, SPSB, and SPSC). However, the functional significance of this multiplicity of SPS genes is as yet only poorly understood. All four SPS isoforms show enzymatic activity when expressed in yeast although there is variation in sensitivity towards allosteric effectors. Promoter-reporter gene analyses and quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR studies indicate that no two SPS genes have the same expression pattern and that AtSPSA1 and AtSPSC represent the major isoforms expressed in leaves. An spsa1 knock-out mutant showed a 44% decrease in leaf SPS activity and a slight increase in leaf starch content at the end of the light period as well as at the end of the dark period. The spsc null mutant displayed reduced Suc contents towards the end of the photoperiod and a concomitant 25% reduction in SPS activity. In contrast, an spsa1/spsc double mutant was strongly impaired in growth and accumulated high levels of starch. This increase in starch was probably not due to an increased partitioning of carbon into starch, but was rather caused by an impaired starch mobilization during the night. Suc export from excised petioles harvested from spsa1/spsc double mutant plants was significantly reduced under illumination as well as during the dark period. It is concluded that loss of the two major SPS isoforms in leaves limits Suc synthesis without grossly changing carbon partitioning in favour of starch during the light period but limits starch degradation during the dark period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Volkert
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Department of Biology, Division of Biochemistry, Staudtstr. 5, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Debast
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Department of Biology, Division of Biochemistry, Staudtstr. 5, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lars M Voll
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Department of Biology, Division of Biochemistry, Staudtstr. 5, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hildegard Voll
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Department of Biology, Division of Biochemistry, Staudtstr. 5, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ingrid Schießl
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Department of Biology, Division of Biochemistry, Staudtstr. 5, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jörg Hofmann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Department of Biology, Division of Biochemistry, Staudtstr. 5, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sabine Schneider
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Department of Biology, Molecular Plant Physiology, Staudtstr. 5, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frederik Börnke
- Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, D-14979 Großbeeren, Germany
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Hirose T, Hashida Y, Aoki N, Okamura M, Yonekura M, Ohto C, Terao T, Ohsugi R. Analysis of gene-disruption mutants of a sucrose phosphate synthase gene in rice, OsSPS1, shows the importance of sucrose synthesis in pollen germination. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 225:102-6. [PMID: 25017165 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The molecular function of an isoform of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) in rice, OsSPS1, was investigated using gene-disruption mutant lines generated by retrotransposon insertion. The progeny of the heterozygote of disrupted OsSPS1 (SPS1(+/-)) segregated into SPS1(+/+), SPS1(+/-), and SPS1(-/-) at a ratio of 1:1:0. This distorted segregation ratio, together with the expression of OsSPS1 in the developing pollen revealed by quantitative RT-PCR analysis and promoter-beta-glucuronidase (GUS) fusion assay, suggested that the disruption of OsSPS1 results in sterile pollen. This hypothesis was reinforced by reciprocal crosses of SPS1(+/-) plants with wild-type plants in which the disrupted OsSPS1 was not paternally transmitted to the progeny. While the pollen grains of SPS(+/-) plants normally accumulated starch during their development, pollen germination on the artificial media was reduced to half of that observed in the wild-type control. Overall, our data suggests that sucrose synthesis via OsSPS1 is essential in pollen germination in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Hirose
- NARO Agricultural Research Center, 1-2-1 Inada, Joetsu, Niigata 943-0193, Japan; Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
| | - Yoichi Hashida
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Naohiro Aoki
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Masaki Okamura
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Madoka Yonekura
- Bio Research Laboratory, Toyota Motor Corporation, 1 Toyota-cho, Toyota, Aichi 471-8572, Japan
| | - Chikara Ohto
- Bio Research Laboratory, Toyota Motor Corporation, 1 Toyota-cho, Toyota, Aichi 471-8572, Japan
| | - Tomio Terao
- NARO Agricultural Research Center, 1-2-1 Inada, Joetsu, Niigata 943-0193, Japan
| | - Ryu Ohsugi
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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Valluru R, Reynolds MP, Salse J. Genetic and molecular bases of yield-associated traits: a translational biology approach between rice and wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2014; 127:1463-89. [PMID: 24913362 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-014-2332-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Transferring the knowledge bases between related species may assist in enlarging the yield potential of crop plants. Being cereals, rice and wheat share a high level of gene conservation; however, they differ at metabolic levels as a part of the environmental adaptation resulting in different yield capacities. This review focuses on the current understanding of genetic and molecular regulation of yield-associated traits in both crop species, highlights the similarities and differences and presents the putative knowledge gaps. We focus on the traits associated with phenology, photosynthesis, and assimilate partitioning and lodging resistance; the most important drivers of yield potential. Currently, there are large knowledge gaps in the genetic and molecular control of such major biological processes that can be filled in a translational biology approach in transferring genomics and genetics informations between rice and wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Valluru
- Wheat Physiology, Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), 56130, Mexico DF, Mexico,
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Sablok G, Fu Y, Bobbio V, Laura M, Rotino GL, Bagnaresi P, Allavena A, Velikova V, Viola R, Loreto F, Li M, Varotto C. Fuelling genetic and metabolic exploration of C 3 bioenergy crops through the first reference transcriptome of Arundo donax L. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2014; 12. [PMCID: PMC4285118 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The development of inexpensive and highly productive biomass sources of biofuel is a priority in global climate change biology. Arundo donax, also known as the giant reed, is recognized as one of the most promising nonfood bioenergy crops in Europe. Despite its relevance, to date no genomic resources are available to support the characterization of the developmental, adaptive and metabolic traits underlying the high productivity of this nonmodel species. We hereby present the first report on the de novo assembly of bud, culm, leaf and root transcriptomes of A. donax, which can be accessed through a customized BLAST server (http://ecogenomics.fmach.it/arundo/) for mining and exploring the genetic potential of this species. Based on functional annotation and homology comparison to 19 prospective biofuel Poaceae species, we provide the first genomic view of this so far unexplored crop and indicate the model species with highest potential for comparative genomics approaches. The analysis of the transcriptome reveals strong differences in the enrichment of the Gene Ontology categories and the relative expression among different organs, which can guide future efforts for functional genomics or genetic improvement of A. donax. A set of homologs to key genes involved in lignin, cellulose, starch, lipid metabolism and in the domestication of other crops is discussed to provide a platform for possible enhancement of productivity and saccharification efficiency in A. donax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Sablok
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund MachS. Michele all'Adige, TN, Italy
| | - Yuan Fu
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund MachS. Michele all'Adige, TN, Italy
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di VeronaVerona, Italy
| | - Valentina Bobbio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita, Università degli Studi di GenovaGenova, Italy
- Unità di Ricerca per la Floricoltura e le Specie Ornamentali, Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in AgricolturaSanremo, IM, Italy
| | - Marina Laura
- Unità di Ricerca per la Floricoltura e le Specie Ornamentali, Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in AgricolturaSanremo, IM, Italy
| | - Giuseppe L Rotino
- Unità di Ricerca per l'Orticoltura, Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in AgricolturaMontanaso Lombardo, LO, Italy
| | - Paolo Bagnaresi
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Genomics Research CentreFiorenzuola D'Arda, PC, Italy
| | - Andrea Allavena
- Unità di Ricerca per la Floricoltura e le Specie Ornamentali, Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in AgricolturaSanremo, IM, Italy
| | - Violeta Velikova
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund MachS. Michele all'Adige, TN, Italy
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and GeneticsSofia, Bulgaria
| | - Roberto Viola
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund MachS. Michele all'Adige, TN, Italy
| | - Francesco Loreto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Bio-Agroalimentari (DISBA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)Roma, Italy
| | - Mingai Li
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund MachS. Michele all'Adige, TN, Italy
| | - Claudio Varotto
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund MachS. Michele all'Adige, TN, Italy
- * Correspondence (fax +39 0461 650 956; email )
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Functional analysis of the potential enzymes involved in sugar modulation in high and low sugarcane cultivars. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 172:1982-98. [PMID: 24318588 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0622-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is a dynamic C4 polyploidy grass used as a major source of sucrose and an alternative for ethanol, food, and energy. Despite growing scientific interest, various sucrose metabolism regulatory aspects have been limited. Biochemical and gene expression studies were conducted on developmental stages, 240-420 days of planting (DAP) in mature leaves of three high and three low sucrose sugarcane cultivars. Sucrose synthase (SS) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activities were found to be remarkably higher at 240-360 DAP but decrease at 420 DAP. Twofold increases of SS activity was estimated at 240-360 DAP while SPS activity trend was found to be lower than the SS activity. In comparing SS and SPS activities with the brix of respective DAP, results show that these activities are significant and positively correlated with 'r' values of 0.69 and 0.68 for SS and SPS, respectively. However, the soluble acid invertase (SAI) and neutral invertase (NI) activities were found to decrease significantly with the maturity of cultivars, negatively correlating with brix at 'r' values 0.83 and 0.89 for SAI and NI, respectively. The antioxidant enzyme activity was modulated similar to the invertases activity. Of the six genes, ESAS 11 and 23 associated with sucrose accumulation and ESTS 34 and 41 associated with sugar transport in sugarcane were differentially expressed among the selected high and low sugarcane cultivars. Hence, these findings reinforce the selection of diverse sugarcane cultivars for gene expression studies targeting to quantitative traits and candidate marker determination.
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Tinti M, Johnson C, Toth R, Ferrier DEK, Mackintosh C. Evolution of signal multiplexing by 14-3-3-binding 2R-ohnologue protein families in the vertebrates. Open Biol 2013; 2:120103. [PMID: 22870394 PMCID: PMC3411107 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.120103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
14-3-3 proteins regulate cellular responses to stimuli by docking onto pairs of phosphorylated residues on target proteins. The present study shows that the human 14-3-3-binding phosphoproteome is highly enriched in 2R-ohnologues, which are proteins in families of two to four members that were generated by two rounds of whole genome duplication at the origin of the vertebrates. We identify 2R-ohnologue families whose members share a ‘lynchpin’, defined as a 14-3-3-binding phosphosite that is conserved across members of a given family, and aligns with a Ser/Thr residue in pro-orthologues from the invertebrate chordates. For example, the human receptor expression enhancing protein (REEP) 1–4 family has the commonest type of lynchpin motif in current datasets, with a phosphorylatable serine in the –2 position relative to the 14-3-3-binding phosphosite. In contrast, the second 14-3-3-binding sites of REEPs 1–4 differ and are phosphorylated by different kinases, and hence the REEPs display different affinities for 14-3-3 dimers. We suggest a conceptual model for intracellular regulation involving protein families whose evolution into signal multiplexing systems was facilitated by 14-3-3 dimer binding to lynchpins, which gave freedom for other regulatory sites to evolve. While increased signalling complexity was needed for vertebrate life, these systems also generate vulnerability to genetic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Tinti
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation Unit, College of Life Sciences, James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH , UK
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