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He Z, Zhang J, Jia H, Zhang S, Sun X, Nishawy E, Zhang H, Dai M. Genome-wide identification and analyses of ZmAPY genes reveal their roles involved in maize development and abiotic stress responses. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2024; 44:37. [PMID: 38745883 PMCID: PMC11091030 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-024-01474-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Apyrase is a class of enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of nucleoside triphosphates/diphosphates (NTP/NDP), which widely involved in regulation of plant growth and stress responses. However, apyrase family genes in maize have not been identified, and their characteristics and functions are largely unknown. In this study, we identified 16 apyrases (named as ZmAPY1-ZmAPY16) in maize genome, and analyzed their phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, chromosomal distribution, upstream regulatory transcription factors and expression patterns. Analysis of the transcriptome database unveiled tissue-specific and abiotic stress-responsive expression of ZmAPY genes in maize. qPCR analysis further confirmed their responsiveness to drought, heat, and cold stresses. Association analyses indicated that variations of ZmAPY5 and ZmAPY16 may regulate maize agronomic traits and drought responses. Our findings shed light on the molecular characteristics and evolutionary history of maize apyrase genes, highlighting their roles in various biological processes and stress responses. This study forms a basis for further exploration of apyrase functions in maize. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-024-01474-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghua He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement & Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064 China
| | - Jie Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Haitao Jia
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement & Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064 China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Shilong Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement & Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064 China
| | - Xiaopeng Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement & Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064 China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Elsayed Nishawy
- Laboratory of Genomics and Genome Editing, Department of Genetics, Desert Research Center, Cairo, 11735 Egypt
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Hui Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingqiu Dai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
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Zhang Z, Yao J, Jiang Z, Huang X, Wang S, Xu F. Golgi-localized APYRASE 1 is critical for Arabidopsis growth by affecting cell wall integrity under boron deficiency. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14320. [PMID: 38686642 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Many nucleoside triphosphate-diphosphohydrolases (NTPDases/APYRASEs, APYs) play a key role in modulating extracellular nucleotide levels. However, the Golgi-localized APYs, which help control glycosylation, have rarely been studied. Here, we identified AtAPY1, a gene encoding an NTPDase in the Golgi apparatus, which is required for cell wall integrity and plant growth under boron (B) limited availability. Loss of function in AtAPY1 hindered cell elongation and division in root tips while increasing the number of cortical cell layers, leading to swelling of the root tip and abundant root hairs under low B stress. Further, expression pattern analysis revealed that B deficiency significantly induced AtAPY1, especially in the root meristem and stele. Fluorescent-labeled AtAPY1-GFP localized to the Golgi stack. Biochemical analysis showed that AtAPY1 exhibited a preference of UDP and GDP hydrolysis activities. Consequently, the loss of function in AtAPY1 might disturb the homoeostasis of NMP-driven NDP-sugar transport, which was closely related to the synthesis of cell wall polysaccharides. Further, cell wall-composition analysis showed that pectin content increased and borate-dimerized RG-II decreased in apy1 mutants, along with a decrease in cellulose content. Eventually, altered polysaccharide characteristics presumably cause growth defects in apy1 mutants under B deficiency. Altogether, these data strongly support a novel role for AtAPY1 in mediating responses to low B availability by regulating cell wall integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinliang Yao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhexuan Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - XinXuan Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sheliang Wang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangsen Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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3
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Clark G, Tripathy MK, Roux SJ. Growth regulation by apyrases: Insights from altering their expression level in different organisms. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:1323-1335. [PMID: 37947023 PMCID: PMC10904326 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Apyrase (APY) enzymes are nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) diphosphohydrolases that can remove the terminal phosphate from NTPs and nucleoside diphosphates but not from nucleoside monophosphates. They have conserved structures and functions in yeast, plants, and animals. Among the most studied APYs in plants are those in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana; AtAPYs) and pea (Pisum sativum; PsAPYs), both of which have been shown to play major roles in regulating plant growth and development. Valuable insights on their functional roles have been gained by transgenically altering their transcript abundance, either by constitutively expressing or suppressing APY genes. This review focuses on recent studies that have provided insights on the mechanisms by which APY activity promotes growth in different organisms. Most of these studies have used transgenic lines that constitutively expressed APY in multiple different plants and in yeast. As APY enzymatic activity can also be changed post-translationally by chemical blockage, this review also briefly covers studies that used inhibitors to suppress APY activity in plants and fungi. It concludes by summarizing some of the main unanswered questions about how APYs regulate plant growth and proposes approaches to answering them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg Clark
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, 100 E 24th Street, TX 78712, USA
| | | | - Stanley J Roux
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, 100 E 24th Street, TX 78712, USA
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Gupta S, Guérin A, Herger A, Hou X, Schaufelberger M, Roulard R, Diet A, Roffler S, Lefebvre V, Wicker T, Pelloux J, Ringli C. Growth-inhibiting effects of the unconventional plant APYRASE 7 of Arabidopsis thaliana influences the LRX/RALF/FER growth regulatory module. PLoS Genet 2024; 20:e1011087. [PMID: 38190412 PMCID: PMC10824444 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant cell growth involves coordination of numerous processes and signaling cascades among the different cellular compartments to concomitantly enlarge the protoplast and the surrounding cell wall. The cell wall integrity-sensing process involves the extracellular LRX (LRR-Extensin) proteins that bind RALF (Rapid ALkalinization Factor) peptide hormones and, in vegetative tissues, interact with the transmembrane receptor kinase FERONIA (FER). This LRX/RALF/FER signaling module influences cell wall composition and regulates cell growth. The numerous proteins involved in or influenced by this module are beginning to be characterized. In a genetic screen, mutations in Apyrase 7 (APY7) were identified to suppress growth defects observed in lrx1 and fer mutants. APY7 encodes a Golgi-localized NTP-diphosphohydrolase, but opposed to other apyrases of Arabidopsis, APY7 revealed to be a negative regulator of cell growth. APY7 modulates the growth-inhibiting effect of RALF1, influences the cell wall architecture and -composition, and alters the pH of the extracellular matrix, all of which affect cell growth. Together, this study reveals a function of APY7 in cell wall formation and cell growth that is connected to growth processes influenced by the LRX/RALF/FER signaling module.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibu Gupta
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Amandine Guérin
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Aline Herger
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Xiaoyu Hou
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Myriam Schaufelberger
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Romain Roulard
- UMR INRAe BioEcoAgro, Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR des Sciences, Amiens, France
| | - Anouck Diet
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Roffler
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Valérie Lefebvre
- UMR INRAe BioEcoAgro, Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR des Sciences, Amiens, France
| | - Thomas Wicker
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Pelloux
- UMR INRAe BioEcoAgro, Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR des Sciences, Amiens, France
| | - Christoph Ringli
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Cannon AE, Vanegas DC, Sabharwal T, Salmi ML, Wang J, Clark G, McLamore ES, Roux SJ. Polarized distribution of extracellular nucleotides promotes gravity-directed polarization of development in spores of Ceratopteris richardii. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1265458. [PMID: 37854113 PMCID: PMC10579945 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1265458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Gravity directs the polarization of Ceratopteris fern spores. This process begins with the uptake of calcium through channels at the bottom of the spore, a step necessary for the gravity response. Data showing that extracellular ATP (eATP) regulates calcium channels led to the hypothesis that extracellular nucleotides could play a role in the gravity-directed polarization of Ceratopteris spores. In animal and plant cells ATP can be released from mechanosensitive channels. This report tests the hypothesis that the polarized release of ATP from spores could be activated by gravity, preferentially along the bottom of the spore, leading to an asymmetrical accumulation of eATP. In order to carry out this test, an ATP biosensor was used to measure the [eATP] at the bottom and top of germinating spores during gravity-directed polarization. The [eATP] along the bottom of the spore averaged 7-fold higher than the concentration at the top. All treatments that disrupted eATP signaling resulted in a statistically significant decrease in the gravity response. In order to investigate the source of ATP release, spores were treated with Brefeldin A (BFA) and gadolinium trichloride (GdCl3). These treatments resulted in a significant decrease in gravity-directed polarization. An ATP biosensor was also used to measure ATP release after treatment with both BFA and GdCl3. Both of these treatments caused a significant decrease in [ATP] measured around spores. These results support the hypothesis that ATP could be released from mechanosensitive channels and secretory vesicles during the gravity-directed polarization of Ceratopteris spores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley E. Cannon
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Diana C. Vanegas
- Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department, The University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Tanya Sabharwal
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Mari L. Salmi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Jeffrey Wang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Greg Clark
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Eric S. McLamore
- Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department, The University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Stanley J. Roux
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
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Sowders JM, Tanaka K. A histochemical reporter system to study extracellular ATP response in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1183335. [PMID: 37332691 PMCID: PMC10272726 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1183335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
When cells experience acute mechanical distress, they release ATP from their cellular compartment into the surrounding microenvironment. This extracellular ATP (eATP) can then act as a danger signal-signaling cellular damage. In plants, cells adjacent to damage detect rising eATP concentrations through the cell-surface receptor kinase, P2K1. Following eATP perception, P2K1 initiates a signaling cascade mobilizing plant defense. Recent transcriptome analysis revealed a profile of eATP-induced genes sharing pathogen- and wound-response hallmarks-consistent with a working model for eATP as a defense-mobilizing danger signal. To build on the transcriptional footprint and broaden our understanding of dynamic eATP signaling responses in plants, we aimed to i) generate a visual toolkit for eATP-inducible marker genes using a β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter system and ii) evaluate the spatiotemporal response of these genes to eATP in plant tissues. Here, we demonstrate that the promoter activities of five genes, ATPR1, ATPR2, TAT3, WRKY46, and CNGC19, were highly sensitive to eATP in the primary root meristem and elongation zones with maximal responses at 2 h after treatment. These results suggest the primary root tip as a hub to study eATP-signaling activity and provide a proof-of-concept toward using these reporters to further dissect eATP and damage signaling in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel M. Sowders
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
- Molecular Plant Sciences Program, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Kiwamu Tanaka
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
- Molecular Plant Sciences Program, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
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Oelmüller R, Tseng YH, Gandhi A. Signals and Their Perception for Remodelling, Adjustment and Repair of the Plant Cell Wall. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087417. [PMID: 37108585 PMCID: PMC10139151 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The integrity of the cell wall is important for plant cells. Mechanical or chemical distortions, tension, pH changes in the apoplast, disturbance of the ion homeostasis, leakage of cell compounds into the apoplastic space or breakdown of cell wall polysaccharides activate cellular responses which often occur via plasma membrane-localized receptors. Breakdown products of the cell wall polysaccharides function as damage-associated molecular patterns and derive from cellulose (cello-oligomers), hemicelluloses (mainly xyloglucans and mixed-linkage glucans as well as glucuronoarabinoglucans in Poaceae) and pectins (oligogalacturonides). In addition, several types of channels participate in mechanosensing and convert physical into chemical signals. To establish a proper response, the cell has to integrate information about apoplastic alterations and disturbance of its wall with cell-internal programs which require modifications in the wall architecture due to growth, differentiation or cell division. We summarize recent progress in pattern recognition receptors for plant-derived oligosaccharides, with a focus on malectin domain-containing receptor kinases and their crosstalk with other perception systems and intracellular signaling events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Oelmüller
- Matthias Schleiden Institute of Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany, Department of Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Yu-Heng Tseng
- Matthias Schleiden Institute of Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany, Department of Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Akanksha Gandhi
- Matthias Schleiden Institute of Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany, Department of Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Genome-Wide Investigation of Apyrase (APY) Genes in Peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) and Functional Characterization of a Pod-Abundant Expression Promoter AhAPY2-1p. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054622. [PMID: 36902052 PMCID: PMC10003104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important food and feed crop worldwide and is affected by various biotic and abiotic stresses. The cellular ATP levels decrease significantly during stress as ATP molecules move to extracellular spaces, resulting in increased ROS production and cell apoptosis. Apyrases (APYs) are the nucleoside phosphatase (NPTs) superfamily members and play an important role in regulating cellular ATP levels under stress. We identified 17 APY homologs in A. hypogaea (AhAPYs), and their phylogenetic relationships, conserved motifs, putative miRNAs targeting different AhAPYs, cis-regulatory elements, etc., were studied in detail. The transcriptome expression data were used to observe the expression patterns in different tissues and under stress conditions. We found that the AhAPY2-1 gene showed abundant expression in the pericarp. As the pericarp is a key defense organ against environmental stress and promoters are the key elements regulating gene expression, we functionally characterized the AhAPY2-1 promoter for its possible use in future breeding programs. The functional characterization of AhAPY2-1P in transgenic Arabidopsis plants showed that it effectively regulated GUS gene expression in the pericarp. GUS expression was also detected in flowers of transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Overall, these results strongly suggest that APYs are an important future research subject for peanut and other crops, and AhPAY2-1P can be used to drive the resistance-related genes in a pericarp-specific manner to enhance the defensive abilities of the pericarp.
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Matthus E, Ning Y, Shafiq F, Davies JM. Phosphate-deprivation and damage signalling by extracellular ATP. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1098146. [PMID: 36714742 PMCID: PMC9879614 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1098146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Phosphate deprivation compromises plant productivity and modulates immunity. DAMP signalling by extracellular ATP (eATP) could be compromised under phosphate deprivation by the lowered production of cytosolic ATP and the need to salvage eATP as a nutritional phosphate source. Phosphate-starved roots of Arabidopsis can still sense eATP, indicating robustness in receptor function. However, the resultant cytosolic free Ca2+ signature is impaired, indicating modulation of downstream components. This perspective on DAMP signalling by extracellular ATP (eATP) addresses the salvage of eATP under phosphate deprivation and its promotion of immunity, how Ca2+ signals are generated and how the Ca2+ signalling pathway could be overcome to allow beneficial fungal root colonization to fulfill phosphate demands. Safe passage for an endophytic fungus allowing root colonization could be achieved by its down-regulation of the Ca2+ channels that act downstream of the eATP receptors and by also preventing ROS accumulation, thus further impairing DAMP signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Matthus
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Youzheng Ning
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Fahad Shafiq
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Julia M. Davies
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Xu J, Han L, Xia S, Zhu R, Kang E, Shang Z. ATANN3 Is Involved in Extracellular ATP-Regulated Auxin Distribution in Arabidopsis thaliana Seedlings. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:330. [PMID: 36679043 PMCID: PMC9867528 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular ATP (eATP) plays multiple roles in plant growth and development, and stress responses. It has been revealed that eATP suppresses growth and alters the growth orientation of the root and hypocotyl of Arabidopsis thaliana by affecting auxin transport and localization in these organs. However, the mechanism of the eATP-stimulated auxin distribution remains elusive. Annexins are involved in multiple aspects of plant cellular metabolism, while their role in response to apoplastic signals remains unclear. Here, by using the loss-of-function mutations, we investigated the role of AtANN3 in the eATP-regulated root and hypocotyl growth. Firstly, the inhibitory effects of eATP on root and hypocotyl elongation were weakened or impaired in the AtANN3 null mutants (atann3-1 and atann3-2). Meanwhile, the distribution of DR5-GUS and DR5-GFP indicated that the eATP-induced asymmetric distribution of auxin in the root tips or hypocotyl cells occurred in wild-type control plants, while in atann3-1 mutant seedlings, it was not observed. Further, the eATP-induced asymmetric distribution of PIN2-GFP in root-tip cells or that of PIN3-GFP in hypocotyl cells was reduced in atann3-1 seedlings. Finally, the eATP-induced asymmetric distribution of cytoplasmic vesicles in root-tip cells was impaired in atann3-1 seedlings. Based on these results, we suggest that AtANN3 may be involved in eATP-regulated seedling growth by regulating the distribution of auxin and auxin transporters in vegetative organs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Erfang Kang
- Correspondence: (E.K.); (Z.S.); Tel.: +86-(311)-8078-7565 (E.K.); +86-(311)-8078-7570 (Z.S.)
| | - Zhonglin Shang
- Correspondence: (E.K.); (Z.S.); Tel.: +86-(311)-8078-7565 (E.K.); +86-(311)-8078-7570 (Z.S.)
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11
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Chowdhury AT, Hasan MN, Bhuiyan FH, Islam MQ, Nayon MRW, Rahaman MM, Hoque H, Jewel NA, Ashrafuzzaman M, Prodhan SH. Identification, characterization of Apyrase (APY) gene family in rice (Oryza sativa) and analysis of the expression pattern under various stress conditions. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0273592. [PMID: 37163561 PMCID: PMC10171694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Apyrase (APY) is a nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase) which is a member of the superfamily of guanosine diphosphatase 1 (GDA1)-cluster of differentiation 39 (CD39) nucleoside phosphatase. Under various circumstances like stress, cell growth, the extracellular adenosine triphosphate (eATP) level increases, causing a detrimental influence on cells such as cell growth retardation, ROS production, NO burst, and apoptosis. Apyrase hydrolyses eATP accumulated in the extracellular membrane during stress, wounds, into adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and regulates the stress-responsive pathway in plants. This study was designed for the identification, characterization, and for analysis of APY gene expression in Oryza sativa. This investigation discovered nine APYs in rice, including both endo- and ecto-apyrase. According to duplication event analysis, in the evolution of OsAPYs, a significant role is performed by segmental duplication. Their role in stress control, hormonal responsiveness, and the development of cells is supported by the corresponding cis-elements present in their promoter regions. According to expression profiling by RNA-seq data, the genes were expressed in various tissues. Upon exposure to a variety of biotic as well as abiotic stimuli, including anoxia, drought, submergence, alkali, heat, dehydration, salt, and cold, they showed a differential expression pattern. The expression analysis from the RT-qPCR data also showed expression under various abiotic stress conditions, comprising cold, salinity, cadmium, drought, submergence, and especially heat stress. This finding will pave the way for future in-vivo analysis, unveil the molecular mechanisms of APY genes in stress response, and contribute to the development of stress-tolerant rice varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniqua Tasnim Chowdhury
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Md Nazmul Hasan
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Fahmid H Bhuiyan
- Plant Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Biotechnology, Ganakbari, Ashulia, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Qamrul Islam
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rakib Wazed Nayon
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mashiur Rahaman
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
- Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Hammadul Hoque
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Nurnabi Azad Jewel
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ashrafuzzaman
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Shamsul H Prodhan
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
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Aguilera A, Distéfano A, Jauzein C, Correa-Aragunde N, Martinez D, Martin MV, Sueldo DJ. Do photosynthetic cells communicate with each other during cell death? From cyanobacteria to vascular plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:7219-7242. [PMID: 36179088 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As in metazoans, life in oxygenic photosynthetic organisms relies on the accurate regulation of cell death. During development and in response to the environment, photosynthetic cells activate and execute cell death pathways that culminate in the death of a specific group of cells, a process known as regulated cell death (RCD). RCD control is instrumental, as its misregulation can lead to growth penalties and even the death of the entire organism. Intracellular molecules released during cell demise may act as 'survival' or 'death' signals and control the propagation of cell death to surrounding cells, even in unicellular organisms. This review explores different signals involved in cell-cell communication and systemic signalling in photosynthetic organisms, in particular Ca2+, reactive oxygen species, lipid derivates, nitric oxide, and eATP. We discuss their possible mode-of-action as either 'survival' or 'death' molecules and their potential role in determining cell fate in neighbouring cells. By comparing the knowledge available across the taxonomic spectrum of this coherent phylogenetic group, from cyanobacteria to vascular plants, we aim at contributing to the identification of conserved mechanisms that control cell death propagation in oxygenic photosynthetic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabella Aguilera
- Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems (EEMiS), Linnaeus University, 39231 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Ayelén Distéfano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Cécile Jauzein
- Ifremer, Centre de Brest, DYNECO-Pelagos, F-29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Natalia Correa-Aragunde
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Dana Martinez
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Martin
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología (INBIOTEC-CONICET), Fundación para Investigaciones Biológicas Aplicadas (FIBA), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata,7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Daniela J Sueldo
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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13
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Shan Y, Zhang D, Luo Z, Li T, Qu H, Duan X, Jiang Y. Advances in chilling injury of postharvest fruit and vegetable: Extracellular ATP aspects. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:4251-4273. [PMID: 35876655 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Due to the global use of cold chain, the development of postharvest technology to reduce chilling injury (CI) in postharvest fruits and vegetables during storage and transport is needed urgently. Considerable evidence shows that maintaining intracellular adenosine triphosphate (iATP) in harvested fruits and vegetables is beneficial to inhibiting CI occurrence. Extracellular ATP (eATP) is a damage-associated signal molecule and plays an important role in CI of postharvest fruits and vegetables through its receptor and subsequent signal transduction under low-temperature stress. The development of new aptasensors for the simultaneous determination of eATP level allows for better understanding of the roles of eATP in a myriad of responses mediated by low-temperature stress in relation to the chilling tolerance of postharvest fruits and vegetables. The multiple biological functions of eATP and its receptors in postharvest fruits and vegetables were attributed to interactions with reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) in coordination with phytohormones and other signaling molecules via downstream physiological activities. The complicated interconnection among eATP in relation to its receptors, eATP/iATP homeostasis, ROS, NO, and heat shock proteins triggered by eATP recognition has been emphasized. This paper reviews recent advances in the beneficial effects of energy handling, outlines the production and homeostasis of eATP, discusses the possible mechanism of eATP and its receptors in chilling tolerance, and provides future research directions for CI in postharvest fruits and vegetables during low-temperature storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youxia Shan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zisheng Luo
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Taotao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxia Qu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuewu Duan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yueming Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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14
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Goodman HL, Kroon JTM, Tomé DFA, Hamilton JMU, Alqarni AO, Chivasa S. Extracellular ATP targets Arabidopsis RIBONUCLEASE 1 to suppress mycotoxin stress-induced cell death. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:1531-1542. [PMID: 35524456 PMCID: PMC9545236 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular ATP is a purinergic signal with important functions in regulating plant growth and stress-adaptive responses, including programmed cell death. While signalling events proximate to receptor activation at the plasma membrane have been characterised, downstream protein targets and the mechanism of cell death activation/regulation are unknown. We designed a proteomic screen to identify ATP-responsive proteins in Arabidopsis cell cultures exposed to mycotoxin stress via fumonisin B1 (FB1) application. Arabidopsis RIBONUCLEASE 1 (RNS1) was identified by the screen, and transgenic plants overexpressing native RNS1 showed greater susceptibility to FB1, while a gene knockout rns1 mutant and antisense RNS1 transgenic plants were resistant to FB1-induced cell death. Native RNS1 complemented rns1 mutants and restored the cell death response to FB1, while a catalytically inactive version of the ribonuclease could not. The FB1 resistance of salicylic acid (SA)-depleted nahG-expressing plants was abolished by transformation with native RNS1, but not the catalytically dead version. The mechanism of FB1-induced cell death is activation of RNS1-dependent RNA cleavage, which is blocked by ATP via RNS1 suppression, or enhanced by SA through induction of RNS1 expression. Our study reveals RNS1 as a previously unknown convergence point of ATP and SA signalling in the regulation of stress-induced cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ali O. Alqarni
- Department of BiosciencesDurham UniversitySouth RoadDurhamDH1 3LEUK
| | - Stephen Chivasa
- Department of BiosciencesDurham UniversitySouth RoadDurhamDH1 3LEUK
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15
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Sabharwal T, Lu Z, Slocum RD, Kang S, Wang H, Jiang HW, Veerappa R, Romanovicz D, Nam JC, Birk S, Clark G, Roux SJ. Constitutive expression of a pea apyrase, psNTP9, increases seed yield in field-grown soybean. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10870. [PMID: 35760854 PMCID: PMC9237067 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14821-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
To address the demand for food by a rapidly growing human population, agricultural scientists have carried out both plant breeding and genetic engineering research. Previously, we reported that the constitutive expression of a pea apyrase (Nucleoside triphosphate, diphosphohydrolase) gene, psNTP9, under the control of the CaMV35S promoter, resulted in soybean plants with an expanded root system architecture, enhanced drought resistance and increased seed yield when they are grown in greenhouses under controlled conditions. Here, we report that psNTP9-expressing soybean lines also show significantly enhanced seed yields when grown in multiple different field conditions at multiple field sites, including when the gene is introgressed into elite germplasm. The transgenic lines have higher leaf chlorophyll and soluble protein contents and decreased stomatal density and cuticle permeability, traits that increase water use efficiency and likely contribute to the increased seed yields of field-grown plants. These altered properties are explained, in part, by genome-wide gene expression changes induced by the transgene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Sabharwal
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | | | - Robert D Slocum
- Program in Biological Sciences, Goucher College, Towson, MD, 21204, USA
| | - Seongjoon Kang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Han-Wei Jiang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Roopadarshini Veerappa
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Dwight Romanovicz
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Ji Chul Nam
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Simon Birk
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Greg Clark
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Stanley J Roux
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
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16
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Weeraratne G, Wang H, Weeraratne TP, Sabharwal T, Jiang HW, Cantero A, Clark G, Roux SJ. APYRASE1/2 mediate red light-induced de-etiolation growth in Arabidopsis seedlings. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 189:1728-1740. [PMID: 35357495 PMCID: PMC9237676 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In etiolated seedlings, red light (R) activates phytochrome and initiates signals that generate major changes at molecular and physiological levels. These changes include inhibition of hypocotyl growth and promotion of the growth of primary roots, apical hooks, and cotyledons. An earlier report showed that the sharp decrease in hypocotyl growth rapidly induced by R was accompanied by an equally rapid decrease in the transcript and protein levels of two closely related apyrases (APYs; nucleoside triphosphate-diphosphohydrolases) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), APY1 and APY2, enzymes whose expression alters auxin transport and growth in seedlings. Here, we report that single knockouts of either APY inhibit R-induced promotion of the growth of primary roots, apical hooks, and cotyledons, and RNAi-induced suppression of APY1 expression in the background of apy2 inhibits R-induced apical hook opening. When R-irradiated primary roots and apical hook-cotyledons began to show a gradual increase in their growth relative to dark controls, they concurrently showed increased levels of APY protein, but in hook-cotyledon tissue, this occurred without parallel increases in their transcripts. In wild-type seedlings whose root growth is suppressed by the photosynthesis inhibitor 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea, the R-induced increased APY expression in roots was also inhibited. In unirradiated plants, the constitutive expression of APY2 promoted both hook opening and changes in the transcript abundance of Small Auxin Upregulated RNA (SAUR), SAUR17 and SAUR50 that help mediate de-etiolation. These results provide evidence that the expression of APY1/APY2 is regulated by R and that APY1/APY2 participate in the signaling pathway by which phytochrome induces differential growth changes in different tissues of etiolated seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayani Weeraratne
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Tharindu P Weeraratne
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Tanya Sabharwal
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Han-Wei Jiang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Araceli Cantero
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Greg Clark
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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17
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Fernández-Milmanda GL. A matter of time: Red light regulation of APYRASES shapes seedling growth during de-etiolation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 189:1202-1203. [PMID: 35460245 PMCID: PMC9237711 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
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18
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Wong A, Gehring C. New Horizons in Plant Cell Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5826. [PMID: 35628641 PMCID: PMC9147848 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Responding to environmental stimuli with appropriate molecular mechanisms is essential to all life forms and particularly so in sessile organisms such as plants [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Aloysius Wong
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, 88 Daxue Road, Wenzhou 325060, China
- Zhejiang Bioinformatics International Science and Technology Cooperation Center, Wenzhou 325060, China
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Lab for Applied Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Informatics, Wenzhou 325060, China
| | - Christoph Gehring
- Department of Chemistry, Biology & Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy
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19
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Zhang Y, Sun Y, Liu X, Deng J, Yao J, Zhang Y, Deng S, Zhang H, Zhao N, Li J, Zhou X, Zhao R, Chen S. Populus euphratica Apyrases Increase Drought Tolerance by Modulating Stomatal Aperture in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189892. [PMID: 34576057 PMCID: PMC8468604 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stomatal regulation is crucial to reduce water consumption under drought conditions. Extracellular ATP (eATP) serves as a signaling agent in stomatal regulation; however, it is less known whether the eATP mediation of stomatal aperture is linked to apyrases (APYs), the principal enzymes that control the concentration of eATP. To clarify the role of APYs in stomatal control, PeAPY1 and PeAPY2 were isolated from Populus euphratica and transferred into Arabidopsis. Compared with the wild-type Arabidopsis and loss-of-function mutants (Atapy1 and Atapy2), PeAPY1- and PeAPY2-transgenic plants decreased stomatal aperture under mannitol treatment (200 mM, 2 h) and reduced water loss during air exposure (90 min). The role of apyrase in stomatal regulation resulted from its control in eATP-regulated stomatal movements and increased stomatal sensitivity to ABA. The bi-phasic dose-responses to applied nucleotides, i.e., the low ATP (0.3-1.0 mM)-promoted opening and high ATP (>2.0 mM)-promoted closure, were both restricted by P. euphratica apyrases. It is noteworthy that eATP at a low concentration (0.3 mM) counteracted ABA action in the regulation of stomatal aperture, while overexpression of PeAPY1 or PeAPY2 effectively diminished eATP promotion in opening, and consequently enhanced ABA action in closure. We postulate a speculative model of apyrase signaling in eATP- and ABA-regulated stomatal movements under drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (J.D.); (J.Y.); (N.Z.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Yuanling Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (J.D.); (J.Y.); (N.Z.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (J.D.); (J.Y.); (N.Z.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Jiayin Deng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (J.D.); (J.Y.); (N.Z.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Jun Yao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (J.D.); (J.Y.); (N.Z.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Yinan Zhang
- Forestry Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China;
| | - Shurong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, The Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China;
| | - Huilong Zhang
- Research Center of Saline and Alkali Land of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China;
| | - Nan Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (J.D.); (J.Y.); (N.Z.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Jinke Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (J.D.); (J.Y.); (N.Z.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Xiaoyang Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (J.D.); (J.Y.); (N.Z.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Rui Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (J.D.); (J.Y.); (N.Z.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Shaoliang Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.L.); (J.D.); (J.Y.); (N.Z.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (R.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-6233-8129
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20
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Wang R, Dobritsa AA. Loss of THIN EXINE2 disrupts multiple processes in the mechanism of pollen exine formation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:133-157. [PMID: 34618131 PMCID: PMC8418410 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Exine, the sporopollenin-based outer layer of the pollen wall, forms through an unusual mechanism involving interactions between two anther cell types: developing pollen and tapetum. How sporopollenin precursors and other components required for exine formation are delivered from tapetum to pollen and assemble on the pollen surface is still largely unclear. Here, we characterized an Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutant, thin exine2 (tex2), which develops pollen with abnormally thin exine. The TEX2 gene (also known as REPRESSOR OF CYTOKININ DEFICIENCY1 (ROCK1)) encodes a putative nucleotide-sugar transporter localized to the endoplasmic reticulum. Tapetal expression of TEX2 is sufficient for proper exine development. Loss of TEX2 leads to the formation of abnormal primexine, lack of primary exine elements, and subsequent failure of sporopollenin to correctly assemble into exine structures. Using immunohistochemistry, we investigated the carbohydrate composition of the tex2 primexine and found it accumulates increased amounts of arabinogalactans. Tapetum in tex2 accumulates prominent metabolic inclusions which depend on the sporopollenin polyketide biosynthesis and transport and likely correspond to a sporopollenin-like material. Even though such inclusions have not been previously reported, we show mutations in one of the known sporopollenin biosynthesis genes, LAP5/PKSB, but not in its paralog LAP6/PKSA, also lead to accumulation of similar inclusions, suggesting separate roles for the two paralogs. Finally, we show tex2 tapetal inclusions, as well as synthetic lethality in the double mutants of TEX2 and other exine genes, could be used as reporters when investigating genetic relationships between genes involved in exine formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Center for Applied Plant Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Anna A. Dobritsa
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Center for Applied Plant Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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21
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The Cell Wall Proteome of Craterostigma plantagineum Cell Cultures Habituated to Dichlobenil and Isoxaben. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092295. [PMID: 34571944 PMCID: PMC8468770 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The remarkable desiccation tolerance of the vegetative tissues in the resurrection species Craterostigma plantagineum (Hochst.) is favored by its unique cell wall folding mechanism that allows the ordered and reversible shrinking of the cells without damaging neither the cell wall nor the underlying plasma membrane. The ability to withstand extreme drought is also maintained in abscisic acid pre-treated calli, which can be cultured both on solid and in liquid culture media. Cell wall research has greatly advanced, thanks to the use of inhibitors affecting the biosynthesis of e.g., cellulose, since they allowed the identification of the compensatory mechanisms underlying habituation. Considering the innate cell wall plasticity of C. plantagineum, the goal of this investigation was to understand whether habituation to the cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors dichlobenil and isoxaben entailed or not identical mechanisms as known for non-resurrection species and to decipher the cell wall proteome of habituated cells. The results showed that exposure of C. plantagineum calli/cells triggered abnormal phenotypes, as reported in non-resurrection species. Additionally, the data demonstrated that it was possible to habituate Craterostigma cells to dichlobenil and isoxaben and that gene expression and protein abundance did not follow the same trend. Shotgun and gel-based proteomics revealed a common set of proteins induced upon habituation, but also identified candidates solely induced by habituation to one of the two inhibitors. Finally, it is hypothesized that alterations in auxin levels are responsible for the increased abundance of cell wall-related proteins upon habituation.
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22
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Clark G, Brown KA, Tripathy MK, Roux SJ. Recent Advances Clarifying the Structure and Function of Plant Apyrases (Nucleoside Triphosphate Diphosphohydrolases). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063283. [PMID: 33807069 PMCID: PMC8004787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies implicating an important role for apyrase (NTPDase) enzymes in plant growth and development began appearing in the literature more than three decades ago. After early studies primarily in potato, Arabidopsis and legumes, especially important discoveries that advanced an understanding of the biochemistry, structure and function of these enzymes have been published in the last half-dozen years, revealing that they carry out key functions in diverse other plants. These recent discoveries about plant apyrases include, among others, novel findings on its crystal structures, its biochemistry, its roles in plant stress responses and its induction of major changes in gene expression when its expression is suppressed or enhanced. This review will describe and discuss these recent advances and the major questions about plant apyrases that remain unanswered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg Clark
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (G.C.); (K.A.B.)
| | - Katherine A. Brown
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (G.C.); (K.A.B.)
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | | | - Stanley J. Roux
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (G.C.); (K.A.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-512-471-4238
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23
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Mohammad-Sidik A, Sun J, Shin R, Song Z, Ning Y, Matthus E, Wilkins KA, Davies JM. Annexin 1 Is a Component of eATP-Induced Cytosolic Calcium Elevation in Arabidopsis thaliana Roots. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020494. [PMID: 33419052 PMCID: PMC7825420 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular ATP (eATP) has long been established in animals as an important signalling molecule but this is less understood in plants. The identification of Arabidopsis thaliana DORN1 (Does Not Respond to Nucleotides) as the first plant eATP receptor has shown that it is fundamental to the elevation of cytosolic free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]cyt) as a possible second messenger. eATP causes other downstream responses such as increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide, plus changes in gene expression. The plasma membrane Ca2+ influx channels involved in eATP-induced [Ca2+]cyt increase remain unknown at the genetic level. Arabidopsis thaliana Annexin 1 has been found to mediate ROS-activated Ca2+ influx in root epidermis, consistent with its operating as a transport pathway. In this study, the loss of function Annexin 1 mutant was found to have impaired [Ca2+]cyt elevation in roots in response to eATP or eADP. Additionally, this annexin was implicated in modulating eATP-induced intracellular ROS accumulation in roots as well as expression of eATP-responsive genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirah Mohammad-Sidik
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK; (A.M.-S.); (Y.N.); (E.M.); (K.A.W.)
| | - Jian Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China;
| | - Ryoung Shin
- RIKEN Centre for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan;
| | - Zhizhong Song
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264205, China;
| | - Youzheng Ning
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK; (A.M.-S.); (Y.N.); (E.M.); (K.A.W.)
| | - Elsa Matthus
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK; (A.M.-S.); (Y.N.); (E.M.); (K.A.W.)
| | - Katie A. Wilkins
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK; (A.M.-S.); (Y.N.); (E.M.); (K.A.W.)
| | - Julia M. Davies
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK; (A.M.-S.); (Y.N.); (E.M.); (K.A.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-1223-333-939
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24
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Dong X, Zhu R, Kang E, Shang Z. RRFT1 (Redox Responsive Transcription Factor 1) is involved in extracellular ATP-regulated gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2020; 15:1748282. [PMID: 32248742 PMCID: PMC7238875 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1748282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As an apoplast signal molecule, extracellular ATP (eATP) is involved in the growth regulation of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Recently, RRFT1 was revealed to be involved in eATP- regulated seedling growth. To further verify the role of RRTF1 in seedlings' eATP response, expression of 20 eATP-responsive genes in wild type (Col-0) and RRTF1 null mutant (rrtf1-1) seedlings were investigated by using realtime quantitative PCR. After 0.5 mM ATP stimulation, the response of these genes' expression in rrtf1-1 seedlings was significantly different from that in Col-0 seedlings. Proteins which are encoded by these genes include transcription factors, plasma membrane receptors like kinases, ion influx/efflux transporters and hormone signaling components. The results indicated that RRTF1 may be involved in eATP regulated physiological responses via regulating the expression of some functional genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Dong
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ruojia Zhu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Erfang Kang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhonglin Shang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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25
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Zhu R, Dong X, Xue Y, Xu J, Zhang A, Feng M, Zhao Q, Xia S, Yin Y, He S, Li Y, Liu T, Kang E, Shang Z. Redox-Responsive Transcription Factor 1 (RRFT1) Is Involved in Extracellular ATP-Regulated Arabidopsis thaliana Seedling Growth. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 61:685-698. [PMID: 32049334 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (eATP) is an apoplastic signaling molecule that plays an essential role in the growth and development of plants. Arabidopsis seedlings have been reported to respond to eATP; however, the downstream signaling components are still not well understood. In this study, we report that an ethylene-responsive factor, Redox-Responsive Transcription Factor 1 (RRTF1), is involved in eATP-regulated Arabidopsis thaliana seedling growth. Exogenous adenosine triphosphate inhibited green seedling root growth and induced hypocotyl bending of etiolated seedlings. RRTF1 loss-of-function mutant (rrtf1) seedlings showed decreased responses to eATP, while its complementation or overexpression led to recovered or increased eATP responsiveness. RRTF1 was expressed rapidly after eATP stimulation and then migrated into the nuclei of root tip cells. eATP-induced auxin accumulation in root tip or hypocotyl cells was impaired in rrtf1. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and high-throughput sequencing results indicated that eATP induced some genes related to cell growth and development in wild type but not in rrtf1 cells. These results suggest that RRTF1 may be involved in eATP signaling by regulating functional gene expression and cell metabolism in Arabidopsis seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruojia Zhu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoxia Dong
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
- Department of Chemistry Engineering and Biological Technology, Xingtai University, Xingtai 054001, Hebei, China
| | - Yingying Xue
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Jiawei Xu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Aiqi Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Meng Feng
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Shuyan Xia
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Yahong Yin
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Shihua He
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Yuke Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Erfang Kang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Zhonglin Shang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
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26
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Li Q, Wang C, Mou Z. Perception of Damaged Self in Plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 182:1545-1565. [PMID: 31907298 PMCID: PMC7140957 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.01242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plants use specific receptor proteins on the cell surface to detect host-derived danger signals released in response to attacks by pathogens or herbivores and activate immune responses against them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Chenggang Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Zhonglin Mou
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
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27
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Pietrowska-Borek M, Dobrogojski J, Sobieszczuk-Nowicka E, Borek S. New Insight into Plant Signaling: Extracellular ATP and Uncommon Nucleotides. Cells 2020; 9:E345. [PMID: 32024306 PMCID: PMC7072326 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
New players in plant signaling are described in detail in this review: extracellular ATP (eATP) and uncommon nucleotides such as dinucleoside polyphosphates (NpnN's), adenosine 5'-phosphoramidate (NH2-pA), and extracellular NAD+ and NADP+ (eNAD(P)+). Recent molecular, physiological, and biochemical evidence implicating concurrently the signaling role of eATP, NpnN's, and NH2-pA in plant biology and the mechanistic events in which they are involved are discussed. Numerous studies have shown that they are often universal signaling messengers, which trigger a signaling cascade in similar reactions and processes among different kingdoms. We also present here, not described elsewhere, a working model of the NpnN' and NH2-pA signaling network in a plant cell where these nucleotides trigger induction of the phenylpropanoid and the isochorismic acid pathways yielding metabolites protecting the plant against various types of stresses. Through these signals, the plant responds to environmental stimuli by intensifying the production of various compounds, such as anthocyanins, lignin, stilbenes, and salicylic acid. Still, more research needs to be performed to identify signaling networks that involve uncommon nucleotides, followed by omic experiments to define network elements and processes that are controlled by these signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Pietrowska-Borek
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agronomy and Bioengineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Jędrzej Dobrogojski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agronomy and Bioengineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Ewa Sobieszczuk-Nowicka
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (E.S.-N.); (S.B.)
| | - Sławomir Borek
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (E.S.-N.); (S.B.)
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28
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Matthus E, Sun J, Wang L, Bhat MG, Mohammad-Sidik AB, Wilkins KA, Leblanc-Fournier N, Legué V, Moulia B, Stacey G, Davies JM. DORN1/P2K1 and purino-calcium signalling in plants: making waves with extracellular ATP. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2020; 124:1227-1242. [PMID: 31904093 PMCID: PMC6943698 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcz135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Extracellular ATP governs a range of plant functions, including cell viability, adaptation and cross-kingdom interactions. Key functions of extracellular ATP in leaves and roots may involve an increase in cytosolic free calcium as a second messenger ('calcium signature'). The main aim here was to determine to what extent leaf and root calcium responses require the DORN1/P2K1 extracellular ATP receptor in Arabidopsis thaliana. The second aim was to test whether extracellular ATP can generate a calcium wave in the root. METHODS Leaf and root responses to extracellular ATP were reviewed for their possible links to calcium signalling and DORN1/P2K1. Leaves and roots of wild type and dorn1 plants were tested for cytosolic calcium increase in response to ATP, using aequorin. The spatial abundance of DORN1/P2K1 in the root was estimated using green fluorescent protein. Wild type roots expressing GCaMP3 were used to determine the spatial variation of cytosolic calcium increase in response to extracellular ATP. KEY RESULTS Leaf and root ATP-induced calcium signatures differed markedly. The leaf signature was only partially dependent on DORN1/P2K1, while the root signature was fully dependent. The distribution of DORN1/P2K1 in the root supports a key role in the generation of the apical calcium signature. Root apical and sub-apical calcium signatures may operate independently of each other but an apical calcium increase can drive a sub-apical increase, consistent with a calcium wave. CONCLUSION DORN1 could underpin several calcium-related responses but it may not be the only receptor for extracellular ATP in Arabidopsis. The root has the capacity for a calcium wave, triggered by extracellular ATP at the apex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Matthus
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Institute of Integrative Plant Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Limin Wang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Madhura G Bhat
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Katie A Wilkins
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Valérie Legué
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, PIAF, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Moulia
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, PIAF, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Gary Stacey
- Divisions of Plant Science and Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Julia M Davies
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- For correspondence. E-mail
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29
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Witte CP, Herde M. Nucleotide Metabolism in Plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 182:63-78. [PMID: 31641078 PMCID: PMC6945853 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.00955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Nucleotide metabolism is an essential function in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claus-Peter Witte
- Leibniz Universität Hannover, Department of Molecular Nutrition and Biochemistry of Plants, Herrenhäuser Strasse 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Marco Herde
- Leibniz Universität Hannover, Department of Molecular Nutrition and Biochemistry of Plants, Herrenhäuser Strasse 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany
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30
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Liu W, Ni J, Shah FA, Ye K, Hu H, Wang Q, Wang D, Yao Y, Huang S, Hou J, Liu C, Wu L. Genome-wide identification, characterization and expression pattern analysis of APYRASE family members in response to abiotic and biotic stresses in wheat. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7622. [PMID: 31565565 PMCID: PMC6744936 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
APYRASEs, which directly regulate intra- and extra-cellular ATP homeostasis, play a pivotal role in the regulation of various stress adaptations in mammals, bacteria and plants. In the present study, we identified and characterized wheat APYRASE family members at the genomic level in wheat. The results identified a total of nine APY homologs with conserved ACR domains. The sequence alignments, phylogenetic relations and conserved motifs of wheat APYs were bioinformatically analyzed. Although they share highly conserved secondary and tertiary structures, the wheat APYs could be mainly categorized into three groups, according to phylogenetic and structural analysis. Additionally, these APYs exhibited similar expression patterns in the root and shoot, among which TaAPY3-1, TaAPY3-3 and TaAPY3-4 had the highest expression levels. The time-course expression patterns of the eight APYs in response to biotic and abiotic stress in the wheat seedlings were also investigated. TaAPY3-2, TaAPY3-3, TaAPY3-4 and TaAPY6 exhibited strong sensitivity to all kinds of stresses in the leaves. Some APYs showed specific expression responses, such as TaAPY6 to heavy metal stress, and TaAPY7 to heat and salt stress. These results suggest that the stress-inducible APYs could have potential roles in the regulation of environmental stress adaptations. Moreover, the catalytic activity of TaAPY3-1 was further analyzed in the in vitro system. The results showed that TaAPY3-1 protein exhibited high catalytic activity in the degradation of ATP and ADP, but with low activity in degradation of TTP and GTP. It also has an extensive range of temperature adaptability, but preferred relatively acidic pH conditions. In this study, the genome-wide identification and characterization of APYs in wheat were suggested to be useful for further genetic modifications in the generation of high-stress-tolerant wheat cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Liu
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Ni
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Faheem Afzal Shah
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Kaiqin Ye
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Qiaojian Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Shengwei Huang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Jinyan Hou
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Chenghong Liu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lifang Wu
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
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31
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Swarbreck SM, Guerringue Y, Matthus E, Jamieson FJC, Davies JM. Impairment in karrikin but not strigolactone sensing enhances root skewing in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 98:607-621. [PMID: 30659713 PMCID: PMC6563046 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Roots form highly complex systems varying in growth direction and branching pattern to forage for nutrients efficiently. Here mutations in the KAI2 (KARRIKIN INSENSITIVE) α/β-fold hydrolase and the MAX2 (MORE AXILLARY GROWTH 2) F-box leucine-rich protein, which together perceive karrikins (smoke-derived butenolides), caused alteration in root skewing in Arabidopsis thaliana. This phenotype was independent of endogenous strigolactones perception by the D14 α/β-fold hydrolase and MAX2. Thus, KAI2/MAX2 effect on root growth may be through the perception of endogenous KAI2-ligands (KLs), which have yet to be identified. Upon perception of a ligand, a KAI2/MAX2 complex is formed together with additional target proteins before ubiquitination and degradation through the 26S proteasome. Using a genetic approach, we show that SMAX1 (SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2-1)/SMXL2 and SMXL6,7,8 (SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2-1-LIKE) are also likely degradation targets for the KAI2/MAX2 complex in the context of root skewing. In A. thaliana therefore, KAI2 and MAX2 act to limit root skewing, while kai2's gravitropic and mechano-sensing responses remained largely unaffected. Many proteins are involved in root skewing, and we investigated the link between MAX2 and two members of the SKS/SKU family. Though KLs are yet to be identified in plants, our data support the hypothesis that they are present and can affect root skewing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yannick Guerringue
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 3EAUK
- ENS de Lyon ‐ Site MonodLyon69007France
| | - Elsa Matthus
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 3EAUK
| | - Fiona J. C. Jamieson
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 3EAUK
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxfordOX1 3RBUK
| | - Julia M. Davies
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 3EAUK
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32
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Nizam S, Qiang X, Wawra S, Nostadt R, Getzke F, Schwanke F, Dreyer I, Langen G, Zuccaro A. Serendipita indica E5'NT modulates extracellular nucleotide levels in the plant apoplast and affects fungal colonization. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:embr.201847430. [PMID: 30642845 PMCID: PMC6362346 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201847430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular adenosine 5′‐triphosphate (eATP) is an essential signaling molecule that mediates different cellular processes through its interaction with membrane‐associated receptor proteins in animals and plants. eATP regulates plant growth, development, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Its accumulation in the apoplast induces ROS production and cytoplasmic calcium increase mediating a defense response to invading microbes. We show here that perception of extracellular nucleotides, such as eATP, is important in plant–fungus interactions and that during colonization by the beneficial root endophyte Serendipita indica eATP accumulates in the apoplast at early symbiotic stages. Using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, and cytological and functional analysis, we show that S. indica secrets SiE5′NT, an enzymatically active ecto‐5′‐nucleotidase capable of hydrolyzing nucleotides in the apoplast. Arabidopsis thaliana lines producing extracellular SiE5′NT are significantly better colonized, have reduced eATP levels, and altered responses to biotic stresses, indicating that SiE5′NT functions as a compatibility factor. Our data suggest that extracellular bioactive nucleotides and their perception play an important role in fungus–root interactions and that fungal‐derived enzymes can modify apoplastic metabolites to promote fungal accommodation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadab Nizam
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany.,Botanical Institute, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Cologne Biocenter, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Xiaoyu Qiang
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany.,Botanical Institute, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Cologne Biocenter, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephan Wawra
- Botanical Institute, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Cologne Biocenter, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Robin Nostadt
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany
| | - Felix Getzke
- Botanical Institute, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Cologne Biocenter, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Schwanke
- Botanical Institute, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Cologne Biocenter, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ingo Dreyer
- Centro de Bioinformática y Simulación Molecular (CBSM), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Gregor Langen
- Botanical Institute, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Cologne Biocenter, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alga Zuccaro
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany .,Botanical Institute, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Cologne Biocenter, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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33
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Veerappa R, Slocum RD, Siegenthaler A, Wang J, Clark G, Roux SJ. Ectopic expression of a pea apyrase enhances root system architecture and drought survival in Arabidopsis and soybean. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:337-353. [PMID: 30132918 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Ectoapyrases (ecto-NTPDases) function to decrease levels of extracellular ATP and ADP in animals and plants. Prior studies showed that ectopic expression of a pea ectoapyrase, psNTP9, enhanced growth in Arabidopsis seedlings and that the overexpression of the two Arabidopsis apyrases most closely related to psNTP9 enhanced auxin transport and growth in Arabidopsis. These results predicted that ectopic expression of psNTP9 could promote a more extensive root system architecture (RSA) in Arabidopsis. We confirmed that transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings had longer primary roots, more lateral roots, and more and longer root hairs than wild-type plants. Because RSA influences water uptake, we tested whether the transgenic plants could tolerate osmotic stress and water deprivation better than wild-type plants, and we confirmed these properties. Transcriptomic analyses revealed gene expression changes in the transgenic plants that helped account for their enhanced RSA and improved drought tolerance. The effects of psNTP9 were not restricted to Arabidopsis, because its expression in soybeans improved the RSA, growth, and seed yield of this crop and supported higher survival in response to drought. Our results indicate that in both Arabidopsis and soybeans, the constitutive expression of psNTP9 results in a more extensive RSA and improved survival in drought stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert D Slocum
- Department of Biological Sciences, Goucher College, Towson, Maryland
| | | | - Jing Wang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Greg Clark
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Stanley J Roux
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
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Wu Y, Qin B, Feng K, Yan R, Kang E, Liu T, Shang Z. Extracellular ATP promoted pollen germination and tube growth of Nicotiana tabacum through promoting K + and Ca 2+ absorption. PLANT REPRODUCTION 2018; 31:399-410. [PMID: 29934740 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-018-0341-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular ATP (eATP) plays an essential role in plant growth, development, and stress tolerance. Here, we report that eATP participated in Nicotiana tabacum pollen germination (PG) and pollen tube growth (PTG) by regulating K+ and Ca2+ influx. Exogenous ATP or ADP effectively promoted PG and PTG in a dose-dependent manner; weakly hydrolysable ATP analog (ATPγS) showed a similar effect. AMP, adenosine, adenine, and phosphate did not affect PG or PTG. Within a certain range, higher concentrations of K+ or Ca2+ in the medium increased the effect of ATP in promoting PG and PTG. However, in mediums containing K+ or Ca2+ concentrations above this range, the effect of ATP was reversed, resulting in PG and PTG inhibition. Ca2+ chelators (EGTA), Ca2+ channel blockers, and K+ channel blockers suppressed ATP-promoted PG and PTG. Results from a patch clamp showed that ATP activated a K+ and Ca2+ influx in pollen protoplasts. These results suggest that, as an apoplastic signal, eATP may be involved in PG and PTG via regulating Ca2+ and K+ absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansheng Wu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, Hebei, China
- Department of Chemistry Engineering and Biological Technology, Xingtai University, Xingtai, 054001, Hebei, China
| | - Baozhi Qin
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Kaili Feng
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Ruolin Yan
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Erfang Kang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Zhonglin Shang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, Hebei, China.
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Wang QW, Jia LY, Shi DL, Wang RF, Lu LN, Xie JJ, Sun K, Feng HQ, Li X. Effects of extracellular ATP on local and systemic responses of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) leaves to wounding. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 83:417-428. [PMID: 30458666 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1547623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Wounding increased the extracellular Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (eATP) level of kidney bean leaves. Treatment with wounding or exogenous ATP increased the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, activities of catalase and polyphenol oxidase, and malondialdehyde content in both the treated and systemic leaves. Pre-treatment with ATP-degrading enzyme, apyrase, to the wounded leaves reduced the wound-induced local and systemic increases in H2O2 content, activities of catalase and polyphenol oxidase, and malondialdehyde content. Application of dimethylthiourea (DMTU) and diphenylene iodonium (DPI) to the wounded and ATP-treated leaves, respectively, reduced the wound- and ATP-induced local and systemic increases in H2O2 content, activities of catalase and polyphenol oxidase, and malondialdehyde content. Moreover, the wound- and ATP-induced systemic increases of these physiological parameters were suppressed when DMTU or DPI applied to leaf petiole of the wounded and ATP-treated leaves. These results suggest that eATP at wounded sites could mediate the wound-induced local and systemic responses by H2O2-dependent signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Wen Wang
- a Department of Biology Science, College of Life Sciences , Northwest Normal University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Lin-Yun Jia
- a Department of Biology Science, College of Life Sciences , Northwest Normal University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Dai-Long Shi
- a Department of Biology Science, College of Life Sciences , Northwest Normal University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Rong-Fang Wang
- b Institute of Chemical Engineering , Qingdao University of Science and Technology , Qingdao , China
| | - Li-Na Lu
- a Department of Biology Science, College of Life Sciences , Northwest Normal University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Jia-Jia Xie
- a Department of Biology Science, College of Life Sciences , Northwest Normal University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Kun Sun
- a Department of Biology Science, College of Life Sciences , Northwest Normal University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Han-Qing Feng
- a Department of Biology Science, College of Life Sciences , Northwest Normal University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Xin Li
- c Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
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Clark G, Roux SJ. Role of Ca 2+ in Mediating Plant Responses to Extracellular ATP and ADP. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3590. [PMID: 30441766 PMCID: PMC6274673 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the most recently discovered chemical regulators of plant growth and development are extracellular nucleotides, especially extracellular ATP (eATP) and extracellular ADP (eADP). Plant cells release ATP into their extracellular matrix under a variety of different circumstances, and this eATP can then function as an agonist that binds to a specific receptor and induces signaling changes, the earliest of which is an increase in the concentration of cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]cyt). This initial change is then amplified into downstream-signaling changes that include increased levels of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide, which ultimately lead to major changes in the growth rate, defense responses, and leaf stomatal apertures of plants. This review presents and discusses the evidence that links receptor activation to increased [Ca2+]cyt and, ultimately, to growth and diverse adaptive changes in plant development. It also discusses the evidence that increased [Ca2+]cyt also enhances the activity of apyrase (nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase) enzymes that function in multiple subcellular locales to hydrolyze ATP and ADP, and thus limit or terminate the effects of these potent regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg Clark
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Stanley J Roux
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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Molecular Mechanism of Plant Recognition of Extracellular ATP. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1051:233-253. [PMID: 29064066 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2017_110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), a ubiquitously dispersed biomolecule, is not only a major source of biochemical energy for living cells, but also acts as a critical signaling molecule through inter-cellular communication. Recent studies have clearly shown that extracellular ATP is involved in various physiological processes in plants, including root growth, stomata movement, pollen tube development, gravitropism, and abiotic/biotic stress responses. The first plant purinergic receptor for extracellular ATP, DORN1 (the founding member of the P2K family of purinergic receptors), was identified in Arabidopsis thaliana by a forward genetic screen. DORN1 consists of an extracellular lectin domain, transmembrane domain, and serine/threonine kinase, intracellular domain. The predicted structure of the DORN1 extracellular domain revealed putative key ATP binding residues but an apparent lack of sugar binding. In this chapter, we summarize recent studies on the molecular mechanism of plant recognition of extracellular ATP with specific reference to the role of DORN1.
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Li Q, Byrns B, Badawi MA, Diallo AB, Danyluk J, Sarhan F, Laudencia-Chingcuanco D, Zou J, Fowler DB. Transcriptomic Insights into Phenological Development and Cold Tolerance of Wheat Grown in the Field. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 176:2376-2394. [PMID: 29259104 PMCID: PMC5841705 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.01311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Cold acclimation and winter survival in cereal species is determined by complicated environmentally regulated gene expression. However, studies investigating these complex cold responses are mostly conducted in controlled environments that only consider the responses to single environmental variables. In this study, we have comprehensively profiled global transcriptional responses in crowns of field-grown spring and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes and their near-isogenic lines with the VRN-A1 alleles swapped. This in-depth analysis revealed multiple signaling, interactive pathways that influence cold tolerance and phenological development to optimize plant growth and development in preparation for a wide range of over-winter stresses. Investigation of genetic differences at the VRN-A1 locus revealed that a vernalization requirement maintained a higher level of cold response pathways while VRN-A1 genetically promoted floral development. Our results also demonstrated the influence of genetic background on the expression of cold and flowering pathways. The link between delayed shoot apex development and the induction of cold tolerance was reflected by the gradual up-regulation of abscisic acid-dependent and C-REPEAT-BINDING FACTOR pathways. This was accompanied by the down-regulation of key genes involved in meristem development as the autumn progressed. The chromosome location of differentially expressed genes between the winter and spring wheat genetic backgrounds showed a striking pattern of biased gene expression on chromosomes 6A and 6D, indicating a transcriptional regulation at the genome level. This finding adds to the complexity of the genetic cascades and gene interactions that determine the evolutionary patterns of both phenological development and cold tolerance traits in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A8, Canada
- National Research Council Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - Brook Byrns
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Mohamed A Badawi
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada
- Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agricultural Research Centre, Giza, Egypt 12619
| | - Abdoulaye Banire Diallo
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Jean Danyluk
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Fathey Sarhan
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Debbie Laudencia-Chingcuanco
- Crop Improvement and Genetics, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Albany, California 94710
| | - Jitao Zou
- National Research Council Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - D Brian Fowler
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A8, Canada
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Tripathi D, Zhang T, Koo AJ, Stacey G, Tanaka K. Extracellular ATP Acts on Jasmonate Signaling to Reinforce Plant Defense. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 176:511-523. [PMID: 29180381 PMCID: PMC6108377 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.01477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Damaged cells send various signals to stimulate defense responses. Recent identification and genetic studies of the plant purinoceptor, P2K1 (also known as DORN1), have demonstrated that extracellular ATP is a signal involved in plant stress responses, including wounding, perhaps to evoke plant defense. However, it remains largely unknown how extracellular ATP induces plant defense responses. Here, we demonstrate that extracellular ATP induces plant defense mediated through activation of the intracellular signaling of jasmonate (JA), a well-characterized defense hormone. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) leaves, ATP pretreatment induced resistance against the necrotrophic fungus, Botrytis cinerea The induced resistance was enhanced in the P2K1 receptor overexpression line, but reduced in the receptor mutant, dorn1-3 Mining the transcriptome data revealed that ATP induces a set of JA-induced genes. In addition, the P2K1-associated coexpression network contains defense-related genes, including those encoding jasmonate ZIM-domain (JAZ) proteins, which play key roles as repressors of JA signaling. We examined whether extracellular ATP impacts the stability of JAZ1 in Arabidopsis. The results showed that the JAZ1 stability decreased in response to ATP addition in a proteasome-dependent manner. This reduction required intracellular signaling via second messengers-cytosolic calcium, reactive oxygen species, and nitric oxide. Interestingly, the ATP-induced JAZ1 degradation was attenuated in the JA receptor mutant, coi1, but not in the JA biosynthesis mutant, aos, or upon addition of JA biosynthesis inhibitors. Immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated that ATP increases the interaction between COI1 and JAZ1, suggesting direct cross talk between extracellular ATP and JA in intracellular signaling events. Taken together, these results suggest that extracellular ATP signaling directly impacts the JA signaling pathway to maximize plant defense responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diwaker Tripathi
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
| | - Tong Zhang
- Divisions of Plant Sciences and Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| | - Abraham J Koo
- Divisions of Plant Sciences and Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| | - Gary Stacey
- Divisions of Plant Sciences and Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| | - Kiwamu Tanaka
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
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Kumar Tripathy M, Weeraratne G, Clark G, Roux SJ. Apyrase inhibitors enhance the ability of diverse fungicides to inhibit the growth of different plant-pathogenic fungi. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2017; 18:1012-1023. [PMID: 27392542 PMCID: PMC6638264 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A previous study has demonstrated that the treatment of Arabidopsis plants with chemical inhibitors of apyrase enzymes increases their sensitivity to herbicides. In this study, we found that the addition of the same or related apyrase inhibitors could potentiate the ability of different fungicides to inhibit the growth of five different pathogenic fungi in plate growth assays. The growth of all five fungi was partially inhibited by three commonly used fungicides: copper octanoate, myclobutanil and propiconazole. However, when these fungicides were individually tested in combination with any one of four different apyrase inhibitors (AI.1, AI.10, AI.13 or AI.15), their potency to inhibit the growth of five fungal pathogens was increased significantly relative to their application alone. The apyrase inhibitors were most effective in potentiating the ability of copper octanoate to inhibit fungal growth, and least effective in combination with propiconazole. Among the five pathogens assayed, that most sensitive to the fungicide-potentiating effects of the inhibitors was Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Overall, among the 60 treatment combinations tested (five pathogens, four apyrase inhibitors, three fungicides), the addition of apyrase inhibitors increased significantly the sensitivity of fungi to the fungicide treatments in 53 of the combinations. Consistent with their predicted mode of action, inhibitors AI.1, AI.10 and AI.13 each increased the level of propiconazole retained in one of the fungi, suggesting that they could partially block the ability of efflux transporters to remove propiconazole from these fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Kumar Tripathy
- Department of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of Texas at AustinAustinTX78712USA
| | - Gayani Weeraratne
- Department of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of Texas at AustinAustinTX78712USA
| | - Greg Clark
- Department of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of Texas at AustinAustinTX78712USA
| | - Stanley J. Roux
- Department of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of Texas at AustinAustinTX78712USA
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Odoch M, Buys EM, Taylor JR. Mechanism of cassava tuber cell wall weakening by dilute sodium hydroxide steeping. Food Chem 2017; 228:338-347. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zhu R, Dong X, Hao W, Gao W, Zhang W, Xia S, Liu T, Shang Z. Heterotrimeric G Protein-Regulated Ca 2+ Influx and PIN2 Asymmetric Distribution Are Involved in Arabidopsis thaliana Roots' Avoidance Response to Extracellular ATP. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1522. [PMID: 28919907 PMCID: PMC5585194 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular ATP (eATP) has been reported to be involved in plant growth as a primary messenger in the apoplast. Here, roots of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings growing in jointed medium bent upon contact with ATP-containing medium to keep away from eATP, showing a marked avoidance response. Roots responded similarly to ADP and bz-ATP but did not respond to AMP and GTP. The eATP avoidance response was reduced in loss-of-function mutants of heterotrimeric G protein α subunit (Gα) (gpa1-1 and gpa1-2) and enhanced in Gα-over-expression (OE) lines (wGα and cGα). Ethylenebis(oxyethylenenitrilo) tetraacetic acid (EGTA) and Gd3+ remarkably suppressed eATP-induced root bending. ATP-stimulated Ca2+ influx was impaired in Gα null mutants and increased in its OE lines. DR5-GFP and PIN2 were asymmetrically distributed in ATP-stimulated root tips, this effect was strongly suppressed by EGTA and diminished in Gα null mutants. In addition, some eATP-induced genes' expression was also impaired in Gα null mutants. Based on these results, we propose that heterotrimeric Gα-regulated Ca2+ influx and PIN2 distribution may be key signaling events in eATP sensing and avoidance response in Arabidopsis thaliana roots.
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Hego E, Vilain S, Barré A, Claverol S, Dupuy JW, Lalanne C, Bonneu M, Plomion C, Mench M. Copper stress-induced changes in leaf soluble proteome of Cu-sensitive and tolerantAgrostis capillarisL. populations. Proteomics 2016; 16:1386-97. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2015] [Revised: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Hego
- UMR1202 BIOGECO; University of Bordeaux; Pessac Cedex France
- UMR1202 BIOGECO; INRA; Cestas cedex France
| | | | - Aurélien Barré
- Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle; Centre de Bioinformatique de Bordeaux; Univ. Bordeaux; Bordeaux France
| | - Stéphane Claverol
- Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle; Plateforme Protéome; Univ. Bordeaux; Bordeaux France
| | - Jean-William Dupuy
- Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle; Plateforme Protéome; Univ. Bordeaux; Bordeaux France
| | - Céline Lalanne
- UMR1202 BIOGECO; University of Bordeaux; Pessac Cedex France
- UMR1202 BIOGECO; INRA; Cestas cedex France
| | - Marc Bonneu
- Bordeaux INP; Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle; Plateforme Protéome; Univ. Bordeaux; France
| | - Christophe Plomion
- UMR1202 BIOGECO; University of Bordeaux; Pessac Cedex France
- UMR1202 BIOGECO; INRA; Cestas cedex France
| | - Michel Mench
- UMR1202 BIOGECO; University of Bordeaux; Pessac Cedex France
- UMR1202 BIOGECO; INRA; Cestas cedex France
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Showmaker KC, Bednářová A, Gresham C, Hsu CY, Peterson DG, Krishnan N. Insight into the Salivary Gland Transcriptome of Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147197. [PMID: 26789269 PMCID: PMC4720363 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The tarnished plant bug (TPB), Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) is a polyphagous, phytophagous insect that has emerged as a major pest of cotton, alfalfa, fruits, and vegetable crops in the eastern United States and Canada. Using its piercing-sucking mouthparts, TPB employs a “lacerate and flush” feeding strategy in which saliva injected into plant tissue degrades cell wall components and lyses cells whose contents are subsequently imbibed by the TPB. It is known that a major component of TPB saliva is the polygalacturonase enzymes that degrade the pectin in the cell walls. However, not much is known about the other components of the saliva of this important pest. In this study, we explored the salivary gland transcriptome of TPB using Illumina sequencing. After in silico conversion of RNA sequences into corresponding polypeptides, 25,767 putative proteins were discovered. Of these, 19,540 (78.83%) showed significant similarity to known proteins in the either the NCBI nr or Uniprot databases. Gene ontology (GO) terms were assigned to 7,512 proteins, and 791 proteins in the sialotranscriptome of TPB were found to collectively map to 107 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database pathways. A total of 3,653 Pfam domains were identified in 10,421 sialotranscriptome predicted proteins resulting in 12,814 Pfam annotations; some proteins had more than one Pfam domain. Functional annotation revealed a number of salivary gland proteins that potentially facilitate degradation of host plant tissues and mitigation of the host plant defense response. These transcripts/proteins and their potential roles in TPB establishment are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt C. Showmaker
- Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, 39762, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, 39762, United States of America
| | - Andrea Bednářová
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, 39762, United States of America
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budĕjovice, Czech Republic
| | - Cathy Gresham
- Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, 39762, United States of America
| | - Chuan-Yu Hsu
- Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, 39762, United States of America
| | - Daniel G. Peterson
- Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, 39762, United States of America
- Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, 39762, United States of America
| | - Natraj Krishnan
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, 39762, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Guiguet A, Dubreuil G, Harris MO, Appel HM, Schultz JC, Pereira MH, Giron D. Shared weapons of blood- and plant-feeding insects: Surprising commonalities for manipulating hosts. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 84:4-21. [PMID: 26705897 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Insects that reprogram host plants during colonization remind us that the insect side of plant-insect story is just as interesting as the plant side. Insect effectors secreted by the salivary glands play an important role in plant reprogramming. Recent discoveries point to large numbers of salivary effectors being produced by a single herbivore species. Since genetic and functional characterization of effectors is an arduous task, narrowing the field of candidates is useful. We present ideas about types and functions of effectors from research on blood-feeding parasites and their mammalian hosts. Because of their importance for human health, blood-feeding parasites have more tools from genomics and other - omics than plant-feeding parasites. Four themes have emerged: (1) mechanical damage resulting from attack by blood-feeding parasites triggers "early danger signals" in mammalian hosts, which are mediated by eATP, calcium, and hydrogen peroxide, (2) mammalian hosts need to modulate their immune responses to the three "early danger signals" and use apyrases, calreticulins, and peroxiredoxins, respectively, to achieve this, (3) blood-feeding parasites, like their mammalian hosts, rely on some of the same "early danger signals" and modulate their immune responses using the same proteins, and (4) blood-feeding parasites deploy apyrases, calreticulins, and peroxiredoxins in their saliva to manipulate the "danger signals" of their mammalian hosts. We review emerging evidence that plant-feeding insects also interfere with "early danger signals" of their hosts by deploying apyrases, calreticulins and peroxiredoxins in saliva. Given emerging links between these molecules, and plant growth and defense, we propose that these effectors interfere with phytohormone signaling, and therefore have a special importance for gall-inducing and leaf-mining insects, which manipulate host-plants to create better food and shelter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Guiguet
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS - Université François-Rabelais de Tours, 37200 Tours, France; Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Géraldine Dubreuil
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS - Université François-Rabelais de Tours, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Marion O Harris
- Department of Entomology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA; Le Studium Loire Valley Institute for Advanced Studies, 45000 Orléans, France
| | - Heidi M Appel
- Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Jack C Schultz
- Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Marcos H Pereira
- Le Studium Loire Valley Institute for Advanced Studies, 45000 Orléans, France; Laboratório de Fisiologia de Insectos Hematófagos, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - David Giron
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS - Université François-Rabelais de Tours, 37200 Tours, France.
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Yang X, Wang B, Farris B, Clark G, Roux SJ. Modulation of Root Skewing in Arabidopsis by Apyrases and Extracellular ATP. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 56:2197-206. [PMID: 26412783 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcv134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
When plant primary roots grow along a tilted surface that is impenetrable, they can undergo a slanted deviation from the direction of gravity called skewing. Skewing is induced by touch stimuli which the roots experience as they grow along the surface. Touch stimuli also induce the release of extracellular ATP (eATP) into the plant's extracellular matrix, and two apyrases (NTPDases) in Arabidopsis, APY1 and APY2, can help regulate the concentration of eATP. The primary roots of seedlings overexpressing APY1 show less skewing than wild-type plants. Plants suppressed in their expression of APY1 show more skewing than wild-type plants. Correspondingly, chemical inhibition of apyrase activity increased skewing in mutants and wild-type roots. Exogenous application of ATP or ATPγS also increased skewing in wild-type roots, which could be blocked by co-incubation with a purinergic receptor antagonist. These results suggest a model in which gradients of eATP set up by differential touch stimuli along roots help direct skewing in roots growing along an impenetrable surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Bochu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Ben Farris
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Greg Clark
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Stanley J Roux
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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Biochemical characterization of Arabidopsis APYRASE family reveals their roles in regulating endomembrane NDP/NMP homoeostasis. Biochem J 2015; 472:43-54. [PMID: 26338998 DOI: 10.1042/bj20150235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Plant apyrases are nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) diphosphohydrolases (NTPDases) and have been implicated in an array of functions within the plant including the regulation of extracellular ATP. Arabidopsis encodes a family of seven membrane bound apyrases (AtAPY1-7) that comprise three distinct clades, all of which contain the five conserved apyrase domains. With the exception of AtAPY1 and AtAPY2, the biochemical and the sub-cellular characterization of the other members are currently unavailable. In this research, we have shown all seven Arabidopsis apyrases localize to internal membranes comprising the cis-Golgi, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and endosome, indicating an endo-apyrase classification for the entire family. In addition, all members, with the exception of AtAPY7, can function as endo-apyrases by complementing a yeast double mutant (Δynd1Δgda1) which lacks apyrase activity. Interestingly, complementation of the mutant yeast using well characterized human apyrases could only be accomplished by using a functional ER endo-apyrase (NTPDase6), but not the ecto-apyrase (NTPDase1). Furthermore, the substrate specificity analysis for the Arabidopsis apyrases AtAPY1-6 indicated that each member has a distinct set of preferred substrates covering various NDPs (nucleoside diphosphates) and NTPs. Combining the biochemical analysis and sub-cellular localization of the Arabidopsis apyrases family, the data suggest their possible roles in regulating endomembrane NDP/NMP (nucleoside monophosphate) homoeostasis.
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Deng S, Sun J, Zhao R, Ding M, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Wang W, Tan Y, Liu D, Ma X, Hou P, Wang M, Lu C, Shen X, Chen S. Populus euphratica APYRASE2 Enhances Cold Tolerance by Modulating Vesicular Trafficking and Extracellular ATP in Arabidopsis Plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 169:530-548. [PMID: 26224801 PMCID: PMC4577398 DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Apyrase and extracellular ATP play crucial roles in mediating plant growth and defense responses. In the cold-tolerant poplar, Populus euphratica, low temperatures up-regulate APYRASE2 (PeAPY2) expression in callus cells. We investigated the biochemical characteristics of PeAPY2 and its role in cold tolerance. We found that PeAPY2 predominantly localized to the plasma membrane, but punctate signals also appeared in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. PeAPY2 exhibited broad substrate specificity, but it most efficiently hydrolyzed purine nucleotides, particularly ATP. PeAPY2 preferred Mg(2+) as a cofactor, and it was insensitive to various, specific ATPase inhibitors. When PeAPY2 was ectopically expressed in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), cold tolerance was enhanced, based on root growth measurements and survival rates. Moreover, under cold stress, PeAPY2-transgenic plants maintained plasma membrane integrity and showed reduced cold-elicited electrolyte leakage compared with wild-type plants. These responses probably resulted from efficient plasma membrane repair via vesicular trafficking. Indeed, transgenic plants showed accelerated endocytosis and exocytosis during cold stress and recovery. We found that low doses of extracellular ATP accelerated vesicular trafficking, but high extracellular ATP inhibited trafficking and reduced cell viability. Cold stress caused significant increases in root medium extracellular ATP. However, under these conditions, PeAPY2-transgenic lines showed greater control of extracellular ATP levels than wild-type plants. We conclude that Arabidopsis plants that overexpressed PeAPY2 could increase membrane repair by accelerating vesicular trafficking and hydrolyzing extracellular ATP to avoid excessive, cold-elicited ATP accumulation in the root medium and, thus, reduced ATP-induced inhibition of vesicular trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shurong Deng
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China (S.D., R.Z., Y.Z., Y.S., W.W., Y.T., D.L., X.M., M.W., C.L., X.S., S.C.);College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China (J.S.);College of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, People's Republic of China (M.D.); andNational Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, People's Republic of China (P.H.)
| | - Jian Sun
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China (S.D., R.Z., Y.Z., Y.S., W.W., Y.T., D.L., X.M., M.W., C.L., X.S., S.C.);College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China (J.S.);College of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, People's Republic of China (M.D.); andNational Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, People's Republic of China (P.H.)
| | - Rui Zhao
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China (S.D., R.Z., Y.Z., Y.S., W.W., Y.T., D.L., X.M., M.W., C.L., X.S., S.C.);College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China (J.S.);College of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, People's Republic of China (M.D.); andNational Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, People's Republic of China (P.H.)
| | - Mingquan Ding
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China (S.D., R.Z., Y.Z., Y.S., W.W., Y.T., D.L., X.M., M.W., C.L., X.S., S.C.);College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China (J.S.);College of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, People's Republic of China (M.D.); andNational Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, People's Republic of China (P.H.)
| | - Yinan Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China (S.D., R.Z., Y.Z., Y.S., W.W., Y.T., D.L., X.M., M.W., C.L., X.S., S.C.);College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China (J.S.);College of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, People's Republic of China (M.D.); andNational Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, People's Republic of China (P.H.)
| | - Yuanling Sun
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China (S.D., R.Z., Y.Z., Y.S., W.W., Y.T., D.L., X.M., M.W., C.L., X.S., S.C.);College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China (J.S.);College of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, People's Republic of China (M.D.); andNational Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, People's Republic of China (P.H.)
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China (S.D., R.Z., Y.Z., Y.S., W.W., Y.T., D.L., X.M., M.W., C.L., X.S., S.C.);College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China (J.S.);College of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, People's Republic of China (M.D.); andNational Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, People's Republic of China (P.H.)
| | - Yeqing Tan
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China (S.D., R.Z., Y.Z., Y.S., W.W., Y.T., D.L., X.M., M.W., C.L., X.S., S.C.);College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China (J.S.);College of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, People's Republic of China (M.D.); andNational Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, People's Republic of China (P.H.)
| | - Dandan Liu
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China (S.D., R.Z., Y.Z., Y.S., W.W., Y.T., D.L., X.M., M.W., C.L., X.S., S.C.);College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China (J.S.);College of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, People's Republic of China (M.D.); andNational Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, People's Republic of China (P.H.)
| | - Xujun Ma
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China (S.D., R.Z., Y.Z., Y.S., W.W., Y.T., D.L., X.M., M.W., C.L., X.S., S.C.);College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China (J.S.);College of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, People's Republic of China (M.D.); andNational Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, People's Republic of China (P.H.)
| | - Peichen Hou
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China (S.D., R.Z., Y.Z., Y.S., W.W., Y.T., D.L., X.M., M.W., C.L., X.S., S.C.);College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China (J.S.);College of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, People's Republic of China (M.D.); andNational Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, People's Republic of China (P.H.)
| | - Meijuan Wang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China (S.D., R.Z., Y.Z., Y.S., W.W., Y.T., D.L., X.M., M.W., C.L., X.S., S.C.);College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China (J.S.);College of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, People's Republic of China (M.D.); andNational Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, People's Republic of China (P.H.)
| | - Cunfu Lu
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China (S.D., R.Z., Y.Z., Y.S., W.W., Y.T., D.L., X.M., M.W., C.L., X.S., S.C.);College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China (J.S.);College of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, People's Republic of China (M.D.); andNational Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, People's Republic of China (P.H.)
| | - Xin Shen
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China (S.D., R.Z., Y.Z., Y.S., W.W., Y.T., D.L., X.M., M.W., C.L., X.S., S.C.);College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China (J.S.);College of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, People's Republic of China (M.D.); andNational Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, People's Republic of China (P.H.)
| | - Shaoliang Chen
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China (S.D., R.Z., Y.Z., Y.S., W.W., Y.T., D.L., X.M., M.W., C.L., X.S., S.C.);College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China (J.S.);College of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, People's Republic of China (M.D.); andNational Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, People's Republic of China (P.H.)
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Feng H, Guan D, Bai J, Sun K, Jia L. Extracellular ATP: a potential regulator of plant cell death. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2015; 16:633-9. [PMID: 25395168 PMCID: PMC6638322 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) has been regarded as an intracellular energy currency molecule for many years. In recent decades, it has been determined that ATP is released into the extracellular milieu by animal, plant and microbial cells. In animal cells, this extracellular ATP (eATP) functions as a signalling compound to mediate many cellular processes through its interaction with membrane-associated receptor proteins. It has also been reported that eATP is a signalling molecule required for the regulation of plant growth, development and responses to environmental stimuli. Recently, the first plant receptor for eATP was identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. Interestingly, some studies have shown that eATP is of particular importance in the control of plant cell death. In this review article, we summarize and discuss the theoretical and experimental advances that have been made with regard to the roles and mechanisms of eATP in plant cell death. We also make an attempt to address some speculative aspects to help develop and expand future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqing Feng
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Dongdong Guan
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jingyue Bai
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Kun Sun
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Lingyun Jia
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
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50
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Vanegas DC, Clark G, Cannon AE, Roux S, Chaturvedi P, McLamore ES. A self-referencing biosensor for real-time monitoring of physiological ATP transport in plant systems. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 74:37-44. [PMID: 26094038 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop a self-referencing electrochemical biosensor for the direct measurement of ATP flux into the extracellular matrix by living cells/organisms. The working mechanism of the developed biosensor is based on the activity of glycerol kinase and glycerol-3-phosphate oxidase. A stratified bi-enzyme nanocomposite was created using a protein-templated silica sol gel encapsulation technique on top of graphene-modified platinum electrodes. The biosensor exhibited excellent electrochemical performance with a sensitivity of 2.4±1.8 nA/µM, a response time of 20±13 s and a lower detection limit of 1.3±0.7 nM. The self-referencing biosensor was used to measure exogenous ATP efflux by (i) germinating Ceratopteris spores and (ii) growing Zea mays L. roots. This manuscript demonstrates the first development of a non-invasive ATP micro-biosensor for the direct measurement of eATP transport in living tissues. Before this work, assays of eATP have not been able to record the temporally transient movement of ATP at physiological levels (nM and sub-nM). The method demonstrated here accurately measured [eATP] flux in the immediate vicinity of plant cells. Although these proof of concept experiments focus on plant tissues, the technique developed herein is applicable to any living tissue, where nanomolar concentrations of ATP play a critical role in signaling and development. This tool will be invaluable for conducting hypothesis-driven life science research aimed at understanding the role of ATP in the extracellular environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana C Vanegas
- Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA; Food Engineering Department, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Greg Clark
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas, Austin, USA
| | - Ashley E Cannon
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas, Austin, USA
| | - Stanley Roux
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas, Austin, USA
| | - Prachee Chaturvedi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Denver, USA
| | - Eric S McLamore
- Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.
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