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Morales-Vargas AT, López-Ramírez V, Álvarez-Mejía C, Vázquez-Martínez J. Endophytic Fungi for Crops Adaptation to Abiotic Stresses. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1357. [PMID: 39065124 PMCID: PMC11279104 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12071357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi (EFs) have emerged as promising modulators of plant growth and stress tolerance in agricultural ecosystems. This review synthesizes the current knowledge on the role of EFs in enhancing the adaptation of crops to abiotic stress. Abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, and extreme temperatures, pose significant challenges to crop productivity worldwide. EFs have shown remarkable potential in alleviating the adverse effects of these stresses. Through various mechanisms, including the synthesis of osmolytes, the production of stress-related enzymes, and the induction of plant defense mechanisms, EFs enhance plant resilience to abiotic stressors. Moreover, EFs promote nutrient uptake and modulate the hormonal balance in plants, further enhancing the stress tolerance of the plants. Recent advancements in molecular techniques have facilitated the identification and characterization of stress-tolerant EF strains, paving the way for their utilization in agricultural practices. Furthermore, the symbiotic relationship between EFs and plants offers ecological benefits, such as improved soil health and a reduced dependence on chemical inputs. However, challenges remain in understanding the complex interactions between EFs and host plants, as well as in scaling up their application in diverse agricultural systems. Future research should focus on elucidating the mechanisms underlying endophytic-fungal-mediated stress tolerance and developing sustainable strategies for harnessing their potential in crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adan Topiltzin Morales-Vargas
- Programa de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Campus Celaya-Salvatierra, Universidad de Guanajuato, Mutualismo #303, Col. La Suiza, Celaya 36060, Mexico
| | - Varinia López-Ramírez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, TecNM/ITS Irapuato, Silao-Irapuato km 12.5, El Copal, Irapuato 36821, Mexico
| | - Cesar Álvarez-Mejía
- Coordinación de Ingeniería Ambiental, TecNM/ITS Abasolo, Cuitzeo de los Naranjos #401, Col. Cuitzeo de los Naranjos, Abasolo 36976, Mexico
| | - Juan Vázquez-Martínez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, TecNM/ITS Irapuato, Silao-Irapuato km 12.5, El Copal, Irapuato 36821, Mexico
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Chen Y, Wu L, Liu J, Ma L, Zhang W. Adenine nucleotide translocase: Current knowledge in post-translational modifications, regulations and pathological implications for human diseases. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22953. [PMID: 37224026 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201855rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Adenine nucleotide translocases (ANTs) are central to mitochondrial integrity and bioenergetic metabolism. This review aims to integrate the progresses and knowledge on ANTs over the last few years, contributing to a potential implication of ANTs for various diseases. Structures, functions, modifications, regulators and pathological implications of ANTs for human diseases are intensively demonstrated here. ANTs have four isoforms (ANT1-4), responsible for exchanging ATP/ADP, possibly composing of pro-apoptotic mPTP as a major component, and mediating FA-dependent uncoupling of proton efflux. ANT can be modified by methylation, nitrosylation and nitroalkylation, acetylation, glutathionylation, phosphorylation, carbonylation and hydroxynonenal-induced modifications. Compounds, including bongkrekic acid, atractyloside calcium, carbon monoxide, minocycline, 4-(N-(S-penicillaminylacetyl)amino) phenylarsonous acid, cardiolipin, free long-chain fatty acids, agaric acid, long chain acyl-coenzyme A esters, all have an ability to regulate ANT activities. ANT impairment leads to bioenergetic failure and mitochondrial dysfunction, contributing to pathogenesis of diseases, such as diabetes (deficiency), heart disease (deficiency), Parkinson's disease (reduction), Sengers Syndrome (decrease), cancer (isoform shifting), Alzheimer's Disease (coaggregation with Tau), Progressive External Opthalmoplegia (mutation), and Fascioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (overexpression). This review improves the understanding of the mechanism of ANT in pathogenesis of human diseases, and opens a window for novel therapeutic strategies targeted on ANT in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfei Chen
- Grade 2020, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Leshuang Wu
- Grade 2019, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department of College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Chilling Tolerance in Maize: Insights into Advances—Toward Physio-Biochemical Responses’ and QTL/Genes’ Identification. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11162082. [PMID: 36015386 PMCID: PMC9415788 DOI: 10.3390/plants11162082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Maize, a major staple cereal crop in global food supply, is a thermophilic and short-day C4 plant sensitive to low-temperature stress. A low temperature is among the most severe agro-meteorological hazards in maize-growing areas. This review covers the latest research and progress in the field of chilling tolerance in maize in the last 40 years. It mainly focuses on how low-temperature stress affects the maize membrane and antioxidant systems, photosynthetic physiology, osmoregulatory substances and hormone levels. In addition, the research progress in identifying cold-tolerance QTLs (quantitative trait loci) and genes to genetically improve maize chilling toleranceis comprehensively discussed. Based on previous research, this reviewprovides anoutlook on potential future research directions and offers a reference for researchers in the maize cold-tolerance-related field.
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Lee K, Missaoui A, Mahmud K, Presley H, Lonnee M. Interaction between Grasses and Epichloë Endophytes and Its Significance to Biotic and Abiotic Stress Tolerance and the Rhizosphere. Microorganisms 2021. [PMID: 34835312 DOI: 10.1007/10.3390/microorganisms9112186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cool-season grasses are the most common forage types in livestock operations and amenities. Several of the cool-season grasses establish mutualistic associations with an endophytic fungus of the Epichloë genus. The grasses and endophytic fungi have evolved over a long period of time to form host-fungus specific relationships that confer protection for the grass against various stressors in exchange for housing and nutrients to the fungus. This review provides an overview of the mechanisms by which Epichloë endophytes and grasses interact, including molecular pathways for secondary metabolite production. It also outlines specific mechanisms by which the endophyte helps protect the plant from various abiotic and biotic stressors. Finally, the review provides information on how Epichloë infection of grass and stressors affect the rhizosphere environment of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendall Lee
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Ali Missaoui
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Department of Crop and Soil Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Kishan Mahmud
- Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Holly Presley
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Marin Lonnee
- Department of Crop and Soil Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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Lee K, Missaoui A, Mahmud K, Presley H, Lonnee M. Interaction between Grasses and Epichloë Endophytes and Its Significance to Biotic and Abiotic Stress Tolerance and the Rhizosphere. Microorganisms 2021; 9:2186. [PMID: 34835312 PMCID: PMC8623577 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cool-season grasses are the most common forage types in livestock operations and amenities. Several of the cool-season grasses establish mutualistic associations with an endophytic fungus of the Epichloë genus. The grasses and endophytic fungi have evolved over a long period of time to form host-fungus specific relationships that confer protection for the grass against various stressors in exchange for housing and nutrients to the fungus. This review provides an overview of the mechanisms by which Epichloë endophytes and grasses interact, including molecular pathways for secondary metabolite production. It also outlines specific mechanisms by which the endophyte helps protect the plant from various abiotic and biotic stressors. Finally, the review provides information on how Epichloë infection of grass and stressors affect the rhizosphere environment of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendall Lee
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (K.L.); (H.P.)
| | - Ali Missaoui
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (K.L.); (H.P.)
- Department of Crop and Soil Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
| | - Kishan Mahmud
- Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
| | - Holly Presley
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (K.L.); (H.P.)
| | - Marin Lonnee
- Department of Crop and Soil Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
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Sowiński P, Fronk J, Jończyk M, Grzybowski M, Kowalec P, Sobkowiak A. Maize Response to Low Temperatures at the Gene Expression Level: A Critical Survey of Transcriptomic Studies. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:576941. [PMID: 33133117 PMCID: PMC7550719 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.576941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Maize is a cold-sensitive plant whose physiological reactions to sub-optimal temperatures are well understood, but their molecular foundations are only beginning to be deciphered. In an attempt to identify key genes involved in these reactions, we surveyed several independent transcriptomic studies addressing the response of juvenile maize to moderate or severe cold. Among the tens of thousands of genes found to change expression upon cold treatment less than 500 were reported in more than one study, indicating an astonishing variability of the expression changes, likely depending on the experimental design and plant material used. Nearly all these "common" genes were specific to either moderate or to severe cold and formed distinct interaction networks, indicating fundamentally different responses. Moreover, down-regulation of gene expression dominated strongly in moderate cold and up-regulation prevailed in severe cold. Very few of these genes have ever been mentioned in the literature as cold-stress-related, indicating that most response pathways remain poorly known at the molecular level. We posit that the genes identified by the present analysis are attractive candidates for further functional studies and their arrangement in complex interaction networks indicates that a re-interpretation of the present state of knowledge on the maize cold-response is justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Sowiński
- Department of Plant Molecular Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Plant Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
- *Correspondence: Paweł Sowiński,
| | - Jan Fronk
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Maciej Jończyk
- Department of Plant Molecular Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Plant Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Marcin Grzybowski
- Department of Plant Molecular Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Plant Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Piotr Kowalec
- Department of Plant Molecular Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Plant Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Alicja Sobkowiak
- Department of Plant Molecular Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Plant Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
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Wang M, He D, Shen F, Huang J, Zhang R, Liu W, Zhu M, Zhou L, Wang L, Zhou Q. Effects of soil compaction on plant growth, nutrient absorption, and root respiration in soybean seedlings. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:22835-22845. [PMID: 31177416 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05606-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Soil compaction is a major environmental problem that affects plant growth and development. In this study, to further our understanding of its negative effects on plant growth, we investigated the effects of soil compaction on the growth, mineral absorption, and activities of key respiratory enzymes in soybean seedlings. We found that moderate-level soil compaction increased the activities of pyruvate kinase and phosphofructokinase in soybean seedling roots, enhancing the accumulation of P, K, Mg, Ca, and other elements. These accumulated elements, particularly Ca, increased the number of fibrous upper roots, but reduced root length and inhibited plant growth. High-level soil compaction inhibited the accumulation of P, K, Mg, Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn and increased the accumulation of Ca via decreasing the activities of isocitrate dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase. These effects led to a decreased root cell size, blurred root cell boundaries, and the inhibition of plant growth. Taken together, our results provide a new insight into the mechanisms by which soil compaction inhibits plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Ding He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Fei Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Wuxi Environmental Monitoring Central Station, Wuxi, 214121, China
| | - Jialing Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Rutao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Mengjue Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Wuxi Taihu Lake Management Co., Ltd, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Qing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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Zhang R, Yin X, Ding H, Wang L, Zhou Q, Huang X. Analysis for effects of lanthanum (III) on the aboveground modules and respiration of soybean populations. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 167:196-203. [PMID: 30340084 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of rare earth elements (REEs) in the environment has become an environmental safety issue that cannot be ignored. However, previous studies on the environmental risks of REEs have mostly been performed at the individual level. In this work, to explore the effects of REE pollution at the population level, the effects of lanthanum (III) [La(III)] on the aboveground modules of soybean (Glycine max L) populations at different planting densities were investigated by simulating La(III) pollution, and the underlying mechanism was revealed on the physiological and biochemical levels of respiration. The results showed that the addition of 0.4 and 1.2 mM La(III) decreased the aboveground module growth parameters of the soybean populations, and this effect was more evident in the 1.2 mM La(III) treatment. At a certain dose of La(III), the effects of La(III) on the aboveground module growth parameters decreased with increasing plant densities. In addition, the effects of La(III) on the aboveground module growth parameters of soybean plants at different planting densities were related to plant respiration, in particular, to changes in the activities of respiratory key enzymes. The results indicated that the inhibitory effects of La(III) depended on the dose and on the planting density. This finding could provide a novel perspective and a basis for the objective assessment of potential environmental risks of REEs. ONE SENTENCE SUMMARY: La(III) pollution effects on the aboveground modules of soybean populations are related to the changes of the population respiration and the respiratory key enzymes; moreover, these effects are restricted by the population density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rutao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiya Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hezhou Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology and Materials, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
| | - Xiaohua Huang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China.
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Shi Y, Yue X, An L. Integrated regulation triggered by a cryophyte ω-3 desaturase gene confers multiple-stress tolerance in tobacco. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:2131-2148. [PMID: 29432580 PMCID: PMC6019038 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
ω-3 fatty acid desaturases (FADs) are thought to contribute to plant stress tolerance mainly through linolenic acid (C18:3)-induced membrane stabilization, but a comprehensive analysis of their roles in stress adaptation is lacking. Here, we isolated a microsomal ω-3 FAD gene (CbFAD3) from a cryophyte (Chorispora bungeana) and elucidated its functions in stress tolerance. CbFAD3, exhibiting a high identity to Arabidopsis AtFAD3, was up-regulated by abiotic stresses. Its functionality was verified by heterogonous expression in yeast. Overexpression of CbFAD3 in tobacco constitutively increased C18:3 in both leaves and roots, which maintained the membrane fluidity, and enhanced plant tolerance to cold, drought, and salt stresses. Notably, the constitutively increased C18:3 induced a sustained activation of plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase, thereby, changing the stress-induced Ca2+ signaling. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging system, which was positively correlated with the level of C18:3, was also activated in the transgenic lines. Microarray analysis showed that CbFAD3-overexpressing plants increased the expression of stress-responsive genes, most of which are affected by C18:3, Ca2+, or ROS. Together, CbFAD3 confers tolerance to multiple stresses in tobacco through the C18:3-induced integrated regulation of membrane, Ca2+, ROS, and stress-responsive genes. This is in contrast with previous observations that simply attribute stress tolerance to membrane stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Shi
- Extreme Stress Resistance and Biotechnology Laboratory, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Xiule Yue
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Lizhe An
- Extreme Stress Resistance and Biotechnology Laboratory, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, PR China
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China
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Sobkowiak A, Jończyk M, Adamczyk J, Szczepanik J, Solecka D, Kuciara I, Hetmańczyk K, Trzcinska-Danielewicz J, Grzybowski M, Skoneczny M, Fronk J, Sowiński P. Molecular foundations of chilling-tolerance of modern maize. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:125. [PMID: 26897027 PMCID: PMC4761173 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2453-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent progress in selective breeding of maize (Zea mays L.) towards adaptation to temperate climate has allowed the production of inbred lines withstanding cold springs with temperatures below 8 °C or even close to 0 °C, indicating that despite its tropical origins maize is not inherently cold-sensitive. RESULTS Here we studied the acclimatory response of three maize inbred lines of contrasting cold-sensitivity selected basing on multi-year routine field data. The field observations were confirmed in the growth chamber. Under controlled conditions the damage to the photosynthetic apparatus due to severe cold treatment was the least in the cold-tolerant line provided that it had been subjected to prior moderate chilling, i.e., acclimation. The cold-sensitive lines performed equally poorly with or without acclimation. To uncover the molecular basis of the attained cold-acclimatability we performed comparative transcriptome profiling of the response of the lines to the cold during acclimation phase by means of microarrays with a statistical and bioinformatic data analysis. CONCLUSIONS The analyses indicated three mechanisms likely responsible for the cold-tolerance: acclimation-dependent modification of the photosynthetic apparatus, cell wall properties, and developmental processes. Those conclusions supported the observed acclimation of photosynthesis to severe cold at moderate chilling and were further confirmed by experimentally showing specific modification of cell wall properties and repression of selected miRNA species, general regulators of development, in the cold-tolerant line subjected to cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Sobkowiak
- Department of Plant Molecular Ecophysiology, Institute of Plant Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Maciej Jończyk
- Department of Plant Molecular Ecophysiology, Institute of Plant Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Józef Adamczyk
- Plant Breeding Smolice Co. Ltd., Smolice 146, 63-740, Kobylin, Poland
| | - Jarosław Szczepanik
- Department of Plant Molecular Ecophysiology, Institute of Plant Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Danuta Solecka
- Department of Plant Molecular Ecophysiology, Institute of Plant Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Iwona Kuciara
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Hetmańczyk
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warszawa, Poland.,Present address: Department of Genetics, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw, Sobieskiego 9, 02-957, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Trzcinska-Danielewicz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Marcin Grzybowski
- Department of Plant Molecular Ecophysiology, Institute of Plant Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Marek Skoneczny
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5A, 02-106, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Jan Fronk
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Paweł Sowiński
- Department of Plant Molecular Ecophysiology, Institute of Plant Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warszawa, Poland.
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Nie L, Wang L, Wang Q, Wang S, Zhou Q, Huang X. Effects of bisphenol A on key enzymes in cellular respiration of soybean seedling roots. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2015; 34:2363-9. [PMID: 26010676 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The environmental endocrine disrupter bisphenol A (BPA) is ubiquitous in the environment, with potential toxic effects on plants. Previous studies have found a significant effect of BPA on levels of mineral nutrients in plant roots, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. To determine how BPA influences root mineral nutrients, the effects of BPA (1.5 mg L(-1) , 3.0 mg L(-1) , 6.0 mg L(-1) , 12.0 mg L(-1) , 24.0 mg L(-1) , 48.0 mg L(-1) , and 96.0 mg L(-1) ) on activities of critical respiratory enzymes (hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and cytochrome c oxidase) were investigated in soybean seedling roots. After BPA exposure for 7 d, the low concentrations of BPA increased the activities of critical respiratory enzymes in roots, whereas opposite effects were observed in roots exposed to high concentrations of BPA, and the inhibitory effect was greater for higher BPA concentrations. In addition, evident morphological anomalies and decreases in root lengths and volumes were induced by high concentrations of BPA. Following withdrawal of BPA exposure after 7 d, the activities of respiratory enzymes and visible signs of toxicity recovered, and the extent of recovery depended on the type of enzyme and the BPA concentration. Furthermore, correlation analysis showed that the disturbance by BPA to activities of respiratory enzymes, which led to interference in the energy metabolism in roots, might be an effect mechanism of BPA on mineral element accumulation in plant roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology and Materials, College of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology and Materials, College of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology and Materials, College of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shengman Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology and Materials, College of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology and Materials, College of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaohua Huang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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Grabelnych OI, Borovik OA, Tauson EL, Pobezhimova TP, Katyshev AI, Pavlovskaya NS, Koroleva NA, Lyubushkina IV, Bashmakov VY, Popov VN, Borovskii GB, Voinikov VK. Mitochondrial energy-dissipating systems (alternative oxidase, uncoupling proteins, and external NADH dehydrogenase) are involved in development of frost-resistance of winter wheat seedlings. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2015; 79:506-19. [PMID: 25100008 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297914060030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Gene expression, protein synthesis, and activities of alternative oxidase (AOX), uncoupling proteins (UCP), adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT), and non-coupled NAD(P)H dehydrogenases (NDex, NDPex, and NDin) were studied in shoots of etiolated winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings after exposure to hardening low positive (2°C for 7 days) and freezing (-2°C for 2 days) temperatures. The cold hardening efficiently increased frost-resistance of the seedlings and decreased the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during further cold shock. Functioning of mitochondrial energy-dissipating systems can represent a mechanism responsible for the decrease in ROS under these conditions. These systems are different in their response to the action of the hardening low positive and freezing temperatures. The functioning of the first system causes induction of AOX and UCP synthesis associated with an increase in electron transfer via AOX in the mitochondrial respiratory chain and also with an increase in the sensitivity of mitochondrial non-phosphorylating respiration to linoleic and palmitic acids. The increase in electron transfer via AOX upon exposure of seedlings to hardening freezing temperature is associated with retention of a high activity of NDex. It seems that NDex but not the NDPex and NDin can play an important role in maintaining the functional state of mitochondria in heterotrophic tissues of plants under the influence of freezing temperatures. The involvement of the mitochondrial energy-dissipating systems and their possible physiological role in the adaptation of winter crops to cold and frost are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- O I Grabelnych
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia.
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Frascaroli E, Landi P. Divergent selection in a maize population for germination at low temperature in controlled environment: study of the direct response, of the trait inheritance and of correlated responses in the field. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2013; 126:733-746. [PMID: 23178876 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-012-2014-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Improving cold tolerance in maize (Zea mays L.) is an important breeding objective, allowing early sowings which result in many agronomic advantages. Using as source the F(2) population of B73 × IABO78 single cross, we previously conducted four cycles of divergent recurrent selection for high (H) and low (L) cold tolerance level, evaluated as the difference (DG) between germination at 9.5 °C and at 25 °C in the germinator. Then, we pursued the divergent selection in inbreeding from S(1) to S(4). This research was conducted to study (1) the direct response to selection (by testing ten S(4) L and ten S(4) H lines), (2) the trait inheritance (in a complete diallel scheme involving four L and four H lines), (3) the associated responses for cold tolerance in the field (at early and delayed sowings) and (4) the responses for other traits, by testing the ten L and the ten H lines at usual sowing. Selection was effective, leading to appreciable and symmetric responses for DG. Variation among crosses was mainly due to additive effects and the ability to predict hybrid DG based on parental lines DG was appreciable. Associated responses for cold tolerance traits in the field were noticeable, though the relationship between DG and these traits was not outstanding. High tolerance was also associated with early flowering, short plants, less leaves, low kernel moisture, red and thin cob, and flint kernels. These divergently selected lines can represent valuable materials for undertaking basic studies and breeding works concerning cold tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Frascaroli
- Department of Agroenvironmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127, Bologna, Italy.
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Tampieri E, Baraldi E, Carnevali F, Frascaroli E, De Santis A. The activity of plant inner membrane anion channel (PIMAC) can be performed by a chloride channel (CLC) protein in mitochondria from seedlings of maize populations divergently selected for cold tolerance. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2011; 43:611-21. [PMID: 21989547 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-011-9386-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Accepted: 08/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The proteins performing the activity of the inner membrane anion channel (IMAC) and its plant counterpart (PIMAC) are still unknown. Lurin et al. (Biochem J 348: 291-295, 2000) indicated that a chloride channel (CLC) protein corresponds to PIMAC activity in tobacco seedling mitochondria. In this study, we investigated: (i) the presence of a CLC protein in maize seedling mitochondria; (ii) the involvement of this protein in plant cold tolerance; and (iii) its possible role in PIMAC activity. We validated the presence of a CLC protein (ZmCLCc) in maize mitochondria by immunoassay using a polyclonal antibody against its C-terminus. The differential expression of the ZmCLCc protein in mitochondria was measured in seedlings of maize populations divergently selected for cold tolerance and grown at different temperatures. The ZmCLCc protein level was higher in cold stressed than in non-stressed growing conditions. Moreover, the ZmCLCc level showed a direct relationship with the cold sensitivity level of the populations under both growing conditions, suggesting that selection for cold tolerance induced a constitutive change of the ZmCLCc protein amount in mitochondria. The anti-ZmCLCc antibody inhibited (about 60%) the channel-mediated anion translocations by PIMAC, whereas the same antibody did not affect the free diffusion of potassium thiocyanide through the inner mitochondrial membrane. For this reason, we conclude that the mitochondrial ZmCLCc protein can perform the PIMAC activity in maize seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Tampieri
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Dipartimento di Scienze del Mare, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60123, Ancona, Italy
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De Santis A, Frascaroli E, Baraldi E, Carnevali F, Landi P. The activity of the plant mitochondrial inner membrane anion channel (PIMAC) of maize populations divergently selected for cold tolerance level is differentially dependent on the growth temperature of seedlings. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2011; 52:193-204. [PMID: 21148151 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcq189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The activity of the plant inner membrane mitochondrial anion channel (PIMAC) is involved in metabolite shuttles and mitochondrial volume changes and could have a role in plant temperature tolerance. Our objectives were to investigate (i) the occurrence and (ii) the temperature dependence of anion fluxes through PIMAC in mitochondria isolated from seedlings of three maize populations differing in terms of cold tolerance; and (iii) the relationships between the PIMAC activity kinetics and the level of cold tolerance. Populations were the source population (C0) and two populations divergently selected for high (C4H) and low (C4L) cold tolerance. Such divergently selected populations are expected to share most of their genes, with the main exception of those genes controlling cold tolerance. Arrhenius plots of PIMAC chloride fluxes showed a linear temperature dependence when seedlings were grown at 25 or 14°C, whereas a non-linear temperature dependence was found when seedlings were grown at 5°C, with or without acclimation at 14°C. The activation energy and other thermodynamic parameters of PIMAC activity varied depending on temperature treatments during seedling growth. When seedlings were grown at 14 and 5°C with acclimation, PIMAC activity of the C4H population increased, while that of C4L declined, as compared with the activities of seedlings grown at 25°C. These symmetric responses indicate that PIMAC activity changes are associated with genetically determined differences in the cold tolerance level of the investigated populations. We conclude that anion fluxes by PIMAC depend upon changes on growth temperature and are differentially related to the tolerance level of the tested populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelio De Santis
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Mare, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
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Laus MN, Soccio M, Trono D, Liberatore MT, Pastore D. Activation of the plant mitochondrial potassium channel by free fatty acids and acyl-CoA esters: a possible defence mechanism in the response to hyperosmotic stress. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2011; 62:141-54. [PMID: 20801915 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erq256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The effect of free fatty acids (FFAs) and acyl-CoA esters on K(+) uptake was studied in mitochondria isolated from durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.), a species that has adapted well to the semi-arid Mediterranean area and possessing a highly active mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K(+) channel (PmitoK(ATP)), that may confer resistance to environmental stresses. This was made by swelling experiments in KCl solution under experimental conditions in which PmitoK(ATP) activity was monitored. Linoleate and other FFAs (laurate, palmitate, stearate, palmitoleate, oleate, arachidonate, and the non-physiological 1-undecanesulphonate and 5-phenylvalerate), used at a concentration (10 μM) unable to damage membranes of isolated mitochondria, stimulated K(+) uptake by about 2-4-fold. Acyl-CoAs also promoted K(+) transport to a much larger extent with respect to FFAs (about 5-12-fold). In a different experimental system based on safranin O fluorescence measurements, the dissipation of electrical membrane potential induced by K(+) uptake via PmitoK(ATP) was found to increase in the presence of 5-phenylvalerate and palmitoyl-CoA, both unable to elicit the activity of the Plant Uncoupling Protein. This result suggests a direct activation of PmitoK(ATP). Stimulation of K(+) transport by FFAs/acyl-CoAs resulted in a widespread phenomenon in plant mitochondria from different mono/dicotyledonous species (bread wheat, barley, triticale, maize, lentil, pea, and topinambur) and from different organs (root, tuber, leaf, and shoot). Finally, an increase in mitochondrial FFAs up to a content of 50 nmol mg(-1) protein, which was able to activate PmitoK(ATP) strongly, was observed under hyperosmotic stress conditions. Since PmitoK(ATP) may act against environmental/oxidative stress, its activation by FFAs/acyl-CoAs is proposed to represent a physiological defence mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura N Laus
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agro-ambientali, Chimica e Difesa Vegetale, Facoltà di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Foggia, Via Napoli, 25-71122 Foggia, Italy
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Hourton-Cabassa C, Matos AR, Arrabaça J, Demandre C, Zachowski A, Moreau F. Genetically modified Arabidopsis thaliana cells reveal the involvement of the mitochondrial fatty acid composition in membrane basal and uncoupling protein-mediated proton leaks. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2009; 50:2084-2091. [PMID: 19875678 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcp144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the role of membrane fatty acids in basal proton leaks and uncoupling protein (UCP)-dependent proton conductance in Arabidopsis mitochondria. Using wild-type cells, cold-sensitive fad2 mutant cells, deficient in omega-6-oleate desaturase, and cold-tolerant FAD3(+) transformant cells, overexpressing omega-3-linoleate desaturase, we showed that basal proton leak in the non-phosphorylating state was dependent on lipid composition. The extent of membrane proton leak was drastically reduced in the fad2 mutant, containing low amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Conversely, this proton leak was higher in FAD3(+) mitochondria that exhibit a higher polyunsaturated fatty acid content and high protein to lipid ratio. The dependency of membrane leaks upon membrane potential was higher in FAD3(+) and lower in fad2. UCP content was higher in both the fad2 mutant and FAD3(+) transgenic lines compared with wild-type cells and so was the UCP activity, assayed by the reduction of phosphorylation yield (ADP/O) triggered by palmitate as UCP activator. This UCP assay was validated by measurements of UCP-proton leak in the non-phosphorylating state (flux-force relationships between proton flux and membrane potential). The potential uncoupling capacity of the UCP was high enough to allow the loss of respiratory control in the three genotypes. Taken together, the data reported here suggest that the cold tolerance of FAD3(+) cells and the cold sensitivity of fad2 cells are associated with changes in their mitochondrial membrane basal proton leaks, whereas differences in functional expression of UCP are not simply related to cold adaptation in Arabidopsis cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Hourton-Cabassa
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 6), CNRS UR 5, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France.
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Matos AR, Mendes AT, Scotti-Campos P, Arrabaça JD. Study of the effects of salicylic acid on soybean mitochondrial lipids and respiratory properties using the alternative oxidase as a stress-reporter protein. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2009; 137:485-97. [PMID: 19508334 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2009.01250.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Biotic and abiotic stresses can lead to modifications in the lipid composition of cell membranes. Although mitochondria appear to be implicated in stress responses, little is known about the membrane lipid changes that occur in these organelles in plants. Besides cytochrome c oxidase, plant mitochondria have an alternative oxidase (AOX) that accepts electrons directly from ubiquinol, dissipating energy as heat. AOX upregulation occurs under a variety of stresses and its induction by salicylic acid (SA) has been observed in different plant species. AOX was also suggested to be used as a functional marker for cell reprogramming under stress. In the present study, we have used etiolated soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv Cresir) seedlings to study the effects of SA treatment on the lipid composition and the respiratory properties of hypocotyl mitochondria. AOX expression was studied in detail, as a reporter protein, to evaluate whether modifications in mitochondrial energy metabolism were occurring. In mitochondria extracted from SA-treated seedlings, AOX capacity and protein contents increased. Both AOX1 and AOX2b transcripts accumulated in response to SA, but with different kinetics. A reduction in external NADH oxidation capacity was observed, whereas succinate respiration remained unchanged. The phospholipid composition of mitochondria remained similar in control and SA-treated plants, but a reduction in the relative amount of linolenic acid was observed in phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and cardiolipin. The possible causes of the fatty acid modifications observed, and the implications for mitochondrial metabolism are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Matos
- Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Wu J, Zhao Z, An L, Liu Y, Xu S, Gao D, Zhang Y. Inhibition of glutathione synthesis decreases chilling tolerance in Chorispora bungeana callus. Cryobiology 2008; 57:9-17. [PMID: 18486938 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2008.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2006] [Revised: 04/04/2008] [Accepted: 04/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The possible roles of reduced glutathione (GSH) in chilling tolerance were studied in callus generated from a representative alpine plant, Chorispora bungeana Fisch. & C.A. Mey (C. bungeana). The callus grew well under low-temperature and chilling treatment led only to slight injury, as indicated by a low level of ion leakage (IL). Malondialdehyde measurements also were not elevated, however GSH was. Exogenously application of l-buthionine-(S R)-sulfoximine (BSO), an inhibitor of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (gamma-ECS), arrested the GSH accumulation induced by chilling and resulted in a significant decrease in cell growth and an increase in IL and malondialdehyde. These results implied that C. bungeana is a plant with a strong low-temperature tolerance mechanism, and the tolerance of C. bungeana may be associated with GSH accumulation. Under chilling treatment, the proportion of unsaturated fatty acid in the plasma membrane (PM) increased significantly in callus of C. bungeana mainly due to increases in C18:2 and C18:3, the membrane fluidity (indicated by DPH fluorescent polarization) however was maintained. High PM H(+)-ATPase activities were also induced by chilling. Exogenously application of BSO blocked the effects of chilling treatments on the changes of fatty acids and PM H(+)-ATPase activities, reducing the PM membrane fluidity. On the other hand, simultaneous application of GSH and BSO to callus under chilling treatments reversed the effects of BSO on the changes of fatty acids, PM fluidity and PM H(+)-ATPase activities. These results suggested that GSH induced by low-temperature treatments may confer chilling tolerance to C. bungeana, probably by increasing unsaturated fatty acid compositions and maintaining PM fluidity and high enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Arid and Grassland Agroecology of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Matos AR, Hourton-Cabassa C, Ciçek D, Rezé N, Arrabaça JD, Zachowski A, Moreau F. Alternative oxidase involvement in cold stress response of Arabidopsis thaliana fad2 and FAD3+ cell suspensions altered in membrane lipid composition. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2007; 48:856-65. [PMID: 17507388 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcm061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
To investigate how the fatty acid composition of membrane lipids influences cell growth and mitochondrial respiration, in particular the expression and capacity of alternative oxidase (AOX), under cold stress, we used the Arabidopsis thaliana fad2 knockout and FAD3+ -overexpressing cultured cells lines affected in extrachloroplastic fatty acid desaturation activities. At 22 degrees C, fad2 mitochondria exhibited a low polyunsaturated fatty acid content and low protein to lipid ratio, while mitochondria from FAD3+ were enriched in linolenic acid and in total membrane protein. As a consequence, both mutants showed a higher membrane microviscosity than the wild type. After exposure to 9 degrees C, FAD3+ mitochondria exhibited lower microviscosity and lower rigidification upon a temperature downshift than fad2. Furthermore, the extent of reduction of cell growth and respiratiory rates in the phosphorylating state was positively related to the cold sensitivity of each cell line, being more pronounced in fad2 that in the wild type, whereas the stability of those parameters reflected the cold resistance of FAD3+. In contrast, an increase in AOX capacity was observed in the three cell lines at 9 degrees C. These inductions were correlated to AOX protein amounts and seem to result from an accumulation of AOX1c transcripts in the three cell lines and of AOX1a transcripts in wild-type and fad2 cells. The fact that there is no direct relationship between the degree of cold tolerance of each cell line and their ability to enhance their AOX capacity suggests that the participation of AOX in the response of Arabidopsis cells to cold stress does not necessarily favor cold tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Matos
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, CNRS, UMR 7180 Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Plantes, Le Raphaël, 3 Rue Galilée, F-94200 Ivry sur Seine, France.
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21
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Houde M, Belcaid M, Ouellet F, Danyluk J, Monroy AF, Dryanova A, Gulick P, Bergeron A, Laroche A, Links MG, MacCarthy L, Crosby WL, Sarhan F. Wheat EST resources for functional genomics of abiotic stress. BMC Genomics 2006; 7:149. [PMID: 16772040 PMCID: PMC1539019 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-7-149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2006] [Accepted: 06/13/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Wheat is an excellent species to study freezing tolerance and other abiotic stresses. However, the sequence of the wheat genome has not been completely characterized due to its complexity and large size. To circumvent this obstacle and identify genes involved in cold acclimation and associated stresses, a large scale EST sequencing approach was undertaken by the Functional Genomics of Abiotic Stress (FGAS) project. Results We generated 73,521 quality-filtered ESTs from eleven cDNA libraries constructed from wheat plants exposed to various abiotic stresses and at different developmental stages. In addition, 196,041 ESTs for which tracefiles were available from the National Science Foundation wheat EST sequencing program and DuPont were also quality-filtered and used in the analysis. Clustering of the combined ESTs with d2_cluster and TGICL yielded a few large clusters containing several thousand ESTs that were refractory to routine clustering techniques. To resolve this problem, the sequence proximity and "bridges" were identified by an e-value distance graph to manually break clusters into smaller groups. Assembly of the resolved ESTs generated a 75,488 unique sequence set (31,580 contigs and 43,908 singletons/singlets). Digital expression analyses indicated that the FGAS dataset is enriched in stress-regulated genes compared to the other public datasets. Over 43% of the unique sequence set was annotated and classified into functional categories according to Gene Ontology. Conclusion We have annotated 29,556 different sequences, an almost 5-fold increase in annotated sequences compared to the available wheat public databases. Digital expression analysis combined with gene annotation helped in the identification of several pathways associated with abiotic stress. The genomic resources and knowledge developed by this project will contribute to a better understanding of the different mechanisms that govern stress tolerance in wheat and other cereals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Houde
- Département des Sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Mahdi Belcaid
- Département d'Informatique, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - François Ouellet
- Département des Sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Jean Danyluk
- Département des Sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Antonio F Monroy
- Biology Department, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal QC, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Ani Dryanova
- Biology Department, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal QC, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Patrick Gulick
- Biology Department, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal QC, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Anne Bergeron
- Département d'Informatique, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - André Laroche
- Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada, Centre de recherches de Lethbridge, 5403, 1st Avenue South, C.P. 3000, Lethbridge AB, T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Matthew G Links
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset ave, Windsor ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Luke MacCarthy
- Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, 176 Thorvaldson Building, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon SK, S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - William L Crosby
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset ave, Windsor ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Fathey Sarhan
- Département des Sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
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Spagnoletta A, De Santis A, Tampieri E, Baraldi E, Bachi A, Genchi G. Identification and kinetic characterization of HtDTC, the mitochondrial dicarboxylate-tricarboxylate carrier of Jerusalem artichoke tubers. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2006; 38:57-65. [PMID: 16786427 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-006-9006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2005] [Accepted: 12/12/2005] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) tubers were reported to be tolerant to cold and freezing. The aim of this study was to perform a kinetic characterization of the mitochondrial dicarboxylate-tricarboxylate carrier (HtDTC) and to assess a possible involvement of this carrier in the cold tolerance of tubers. The HtDTC was purified from isolated mitochondria by sequential chromatography on hydroxylapatite/celite and Matrex Gel Orange A. SDS gel electrophoresis of the purified fraction showed a single polypeptide band with an apparent molecular mass of 31.6 kDa. A polyclonal antibody raised against the tobacco DTC cross-reacted with the purified protein on Western blot analysis. In gel trypsin, digestion of the purified HtDTC yielded peptides that exhibited strong amino acid sequence similarity to previously identified plant DTCs. Furthermore, using degenerate primers, a portion of the Htdtc cDNA was amplified and sequenced; this cDNA encoded for a protein with high sequence similarity to known plant homolog DTCs. When reconstituted in liposomes loaded with dicarboxylate (2-oxoglutarate, malate, malonate, succinate, and maleate) or tricarboxylate anions (citrate, trans-aconitate, and isocitrate), the purified HtDTC transported all these anions in exchange with external [14C]2-oxoglutarate. A kinetic characterization of HtDTC was performed: (a) the half-saturation constant Km and the Vmax at 25 degrees C of the 2-oxoglutarate/2-oxoglutarate exchange by reconstituted HtDTC were found to be 360 microM and 10.9 micromol/(min mg protein), respectively; (b) the activation energy Ea of the succinate/2-oxoglutarate exchange by the reconstituted HtDTC was found to be 50.7 kJ/mol constant between -5 and 35 degrees C. Similarly, the activation energy Ea of succinate respiration of isolated Jerusalem artichoke mitochondria, measured between -2 and 35 degrees C, was shown to be constant (65.3 kJ/mol). The physiological relevance of kinetic properties and temperature dependence of transport activities of HtDTC is discussed with respect to the cold tolerance ability of Jerusalem artichoke tubers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Spagnoletta
- Dipartimento Farmaco-Biologico, Università della Calabria, Cosenza 87100, Italy
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Stupnikova I, Benamar A, Tolleter D, Grelet J, Borovskii G, Dorne AJ, Macherel D. Pea seed mitochondria are endowed with a remarkable tolerance to extreme physiological temperatures. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2006; 140:326-35. [PMID: 16377742 PMCID: PMC1326054 DOI: 10.1104/pp.105.073015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2005] [Revised: 10/18/2005] [Accepted: 11/08/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Most seeds are anhydrobiotes, relying on an array of protective and repair mechanisms, and seed mitochondria have previously been shown to harbor stress proteins probably involved in desiccation tolerance. Since temperature stress is a major issue for germinating seeds, the temperature response of pea (Pisum sativum) seed mitochondria was examined in comparison with that of mitochondria from etiolated epicotyl, a desiccation-sensitive tissue. The functional analysis illustrated the remarkable temperature tolerance of seed mitochondria in response to both cold and heat stress. The mitochondria maintained a well-coupled respiration between -3.5 degrees C and 40 degrees C, while epicotyl mitochondria were not efficient below 0 degrees C and collapsed above 30 degrees C. Both mitochondria exhibited a similar Arrhenius break temperature at 7 degrees C, although they differed in phospholipid composition. Seed mitochondria had a lower phosphatidylethanolamine-to-phosphatidylcholine ratio, fewer unsaturated fatty acids, and appeared less susceptible to lipid peroxidation. They also accumulated large amounts of heat shock protein HSP22 and late-embryogenesis abundant protein PsLEAm. The combination of membrane composition and stress protein accumulation required for desiccation tolerance is expected to lead to an unusually wide temperature tolerance, contributing to the fitness of germinating seeds in adverse conditions. The unique oxidation of external NADH at low temperatures found with several types of mitochondria may play a central role in maintaining energy homeostasis during cold shock, a situation often encountered by sessile and ectothermic higher plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Stupnikova
- Siberian Institute for Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia
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Lee SH, Ahn SJ, Im YJ, Cho K, Chung GC, Cho BH, Han O. Differential impact of low temperature on fatty acid unsaturation and lipoxygenase activity in figleaf gourd and cucumber roots. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 330:1194-8. [PMID: 15823569 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.03.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies show that low temperature strongly induces suberin layers in the roots of chilling-sensitive cucumber plants, while in contrast, low temperature produces a much weaker induction of suberin layers in the roots of the chilling-tolerant figleaf gourd [S.H. Lee, G.C. Chung, S. Steudle, Gating of aquaporins by low temperature in roots of chilling-sensitive cucumber and -tolerant figleaf gourd, J. Exp. Bot. 56 (2005) 985-995; S.H. Lee, G.C. Chung, E. Steudle, Low temperature and mechanical stresses differently gate aquaporins of root cortical cells of chilling-sensitive cucumber and figleaf gourd, Plant Cell Environ. (2005) in press; S.J. Ahn, Y.J. Im, G.C. Chung, B.H. Cho, S.R. Suh, Physiological responses of grafted-cucumber leaves and rootstock roots affected by low root temperature, Scientia Hort. 81 (1999) 397-408]. Here, the effect of low temperature on fatty acid unsaturation and lipoxygenase activity was examined in cucumber and figleaf gourd. The double bond index demonstrated that membrane lipid unsaturation shows hyperbolic saturation curve in figleaf gourd roots while a biphasic response in cucumber roots to low temperature. In figleaf gourd, the hyperbolic response in the double bond index was primarily due to accumulation of linolenic acid. Chilling stress also significantly induced lipoxygenase activity in figleaf gourd roots. These results suggest that the degree of unsaturation of root plasma membrane lipids correlates positively with chilling-tolerance. Therefore, studies that compare the effects of chilling on cucumber and figleaf gourd may provide broad insight into stress response mechanisms in chilling-sensitive and chilling-tolerant plants. Furthermore, these studies may provide important information regarding the relationship between lipid unsaturation and lipoxygenase function/activity, and between lipoxygenase activity and water channeling during the response to chilling stress. The possible roles of these processes in chilling tolerance are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Hee Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural Plant Stress Research Center, Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Buk-gu, Kwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
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25
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Camacho A, Moreno-Sanchez R, Bernal-Lugo I. Control of superoxide production in mitochondria from maize mesocotyls. FEBS Lett 2004; 570:52-6. [PMID: 15251438 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2004.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2004] [Revised: 05/26/2004] [Accepted: 06/10/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
To understand the biochemical events that control the generation of superoxide, the effect of inhibiting the respiratory complexes III and IV (C-III and C-IV) and alternative oxidase (AOX) on the rate of superoxide production was analyzed in mitochondria from maize seedlings. To increase superoxide production, it was required to inhibit C-III or C-IV by at least 30% or 50%, respectively. Below this inhibition threshold, AOX exerted the highest degree of control on superoxide production, whereas above it, the highest degree of control was exerted by C-IV. The contribution of C-III to control superoxide production became significant when AOX activity was modulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Camacho
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, UNAM, 04510 Mexico D.F.
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26
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Zunino MP, Zygadlo JA. Effect of monoterpenes on lipid oxidation in maize. PLANTA 2004; 219:303-309. [PMID: 14986141 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-004-1216-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2003] [Accepted: 01/09/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The monoterpenes 1,8-cineole, thymol, geraniol, menthol and camphor strongly inhibited the root growth of Zea mays L. seedlings. They induced an oxidative stress as measured by the production of malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes and peroxides. This oxidative stress depended on the length of the exposure and on the monoterpene applied. The total fatty acid content was measured and fatty acid composition was analyzed. Unsaturated fatty acids increased in the treated samples. The alcoholic and non-alcoholic monoterpenes appeared to have different modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- María P Zunino
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, Cátedra de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1600, 5016 Córdoba, Argentina.
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27
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Finnegan PM, Soole KL, Umbach AL. Alternative Mitochondrial Electron Transport Proteins in Higher Plants. PLANT MITOCHONDRIA: FROM GENOME TO FUNCTION 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-2400-9_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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28
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Kolesnichenko A, Pobezhimova T, Grabelnych O, Tourchaninova V, Korzun A, Koroleva N, Zykova V, Voinikov V. Difference between the temperature of non-hardened and hardened winter wheat seedling shoots during cold stress. J Therm Biol 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4565(02)00069-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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29
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Spagnoletta A, De Santis A, Palmieri F, Genchi G. Purification and characterization of the reconstitutively active adenine nucleotide carrier from mitochondria of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) tubers. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2002; 34:465-72. [PMID: 12678438 DOI: 10.1023/a:1022570226209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The adenine nucleotide carrier from Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) tubers mitochondria was solubilized with Triton X-100 and purified by sequential chromatography on hydroxapatite and Matrex Gel Blue B in the presence of cardiolipin and asolectin. SDS gel electrophoresis of the purified fraction showed a single polypeptide band with an apparent molecular mass of 33 kDa. When reconstituted in liposomes, the adenine nucleotide carrier catalyzed a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-sensitive ATP/ATP exchange. It was purified 75-fold with a recovery of 15% and a protein yield of 0.18% with respect to the mitochondrial extract. Among the various substrates and inhibitors tested, the reconstituted protein transported only ATP, ADP, and GTP and was inhibited by bongkrekate, phenylisothiocyanate, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, mersalyl and p-hydroxymercuribenzoate (but not N-ethylmaleimide). Atractyloside and carboxyatractyloside (at concentrations normally inhibitory in animal and plant mitochondria) were without effect in Jerusalem artichoke tubers mitochondria. Vmax of the reconstituted ATP/ATP exchange was determined to be 0.53 micromol/min per mg protein at 25 degrees C. The half-saturation constant Km and the corresponding inhibition constant Ki were 20.4 microM for ATP and 45 microM for ADP. The activation energy of the ATP/ATP exchange was 28 KJ/mol between 5 and 30 degrees C. The N-terminal amino acid partial sequence of the purified protein showed a partial homology with the ANT protein purified from mitochondria of maize shoots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Spagnoletta
- Department of Pharmaco-Biology, University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy
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30
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Taylor NL, Day DA, Millar AH. Environmental stress causes oxidative damage to plant mitochondria leading to inhibition of glycine decarboxylase. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:42663-8. [PMID: 12213810 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m204761200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A cytotoxic product of lipid peroxidation, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), rapidly inhibited glycine, malate/pyruvate, and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent O2 consumption by pea leaf mitochondria. Dose- and time-dependence of inhibition showed that glycine oxidation was the most severely affected with a K(0.5) of 30 microm. Several mitochondrial proteins containing lipoic acid moieties differentially lost their reactivity to a lipoic acid antibody following HNE treatment. The most dramatic loss of antigenicity was seen with the 17-kDa glycine decarboxylase complex (GDC) H-protein, which was correlated with the loss of glycine-dependent O2 consumption. Paraquat treatment of pea seedlings induced lipid peroxidation, which resulted in the rapid loss of glycine-dependent respiration and loss of H-protein reactivity with lipoic acid antibodies. Pea plants exposed to chilling and water deficit responded similarly. In contrast, the damage to other lipoic acid-containing mitochondrial enzymes was minor under these conditions. The implication of the acute sensitivity of glycine decarboxylase complex H-protein to lipid peroxidation products is discussed in the context of photorespiration and potential repair mechanisms in plant mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas L Taylor
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, School of Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Life and Physical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Western Australia, Australia
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31
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Kollipara KP, Saab IN, Wych RD, Lauer MJ, Singletary GW. Expression profiling of reciprocal maize hybrids divergent for cold germination and desiccation tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2002; 129:974-92. [PMID: 12114554 PMCID: PMC166494 DOI: 10.1104/pp.000729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2001] [Revised: 01/21/2002] [Accepted: 03/05/2002] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from B73 x M017 were screened for cold germination (CG) and desiccation tolerance (DT) phenotypes. Reciprocal F(1) hybrids were made between divergent RILs, and hybrids that showed differential phenotypes (parent-of-origin effect) for CG or DT were selected for profiling mRNA and protein expression. mRNA and proteins were extracted from embryo axes of seed germinated for 11 d at 12.5 degrees C in the dark and developing embryos at 40% seed moisture (R5 stage) for CG and DT, respectively. GeneCalling analysis, an open-ended mRNA profiling method, identified 336 of 32,496 and 656 of 32,940 cDNA fragments that showed >or=1.5-fold change in expression between the reciprocal F(1) hybrids for CG and DT, respectively. Protein expression map (PEM) analysis, an open-ended two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, identified 117 of 2,641 and 205 of 1,876 detected proteins to be differentially expressed with >or=1.5-fold change between the reciprocal F(1) hybrids in CG and DT samples, respectively. A subset of these proteins was identified by tandem mass spectrometry followed by database query of the spectra. The differentially expressed genes/proteins were classified into various functional groups including carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism, ion transporters, stress and defense response, polyamine metabolism, chaperonins, cytoskeleton associated, etc. Phenotypic analysis of seed from self-pollinated ears of the reciprocal F(1) hybrids displayed small differences compared with the reciprocal hybrids themselves, suggesting a negligible effect of cytoplasmic factors on CG and DT traits. The results provide leads to improving our understanding of the genes involved in stress response during seed maturation and germination.
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32
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Borovskii GB, Stupnikova IV, Antipina AI, Vladimirova SV, Voinikov VK. Accumulation of dehydrin-like proteins in the mitochondria of cereals in response to cold, freezing, drought and ABA treatment. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2002; 2:5. [PMID: 12057012 PMCID: PMC116594 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-2-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2001] [Accepted: 06/11/2002] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dehydrins are known as Group II late embryogenesis abundant proteins. Their high hydrophilicity and thermostability suggest that they may be structure stabilizers with detergent and chaperone-like properties. They are localised in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and plasma membrane. We have recently found putative dehydrins in the mitochondria of some cereals in response to cold. It is not known whether dehydrin-like proteins accumulate in plant mitochondria in response to stimuli other than cold stress. RESULTS We have found five putative dehydrins in the mitochondria of winter wheat, rye and maize seedlings. Two of these polypeptides had the same molecular masses in all three species (63 and 52 kD) and were thermostable. Drought, freezing, cold, and exogenous ABA treatment led to higher accumulation of dehydrin-like protein (dlp) 63 kD in the rye and wheat mitochondria. Protein 52 kD was induced by cold adaptation and ABA. Some accumulation of these proteins in the maize mitochondria was found after cold exposition only. The other three proteins appeared to be heat-sensitive and were either slightly induced or not induced at all by all treatments used. CONCLUSIONS We have found that, not only cold, but also drought, freezing and exogenous ABA treatment result in accumulation of the thermostable dehydrins in plant mitochondria. Most cryotolerant species such as wheat and rye accumulate more heat-stable dehydrins than cryosensitive species such as maize. It has been supposed that their function is to stabilize proteins in the membrane or in the matrix. Heat-sensitive putative dehydrins probably are not involved in the stress reaction and adaptation of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genadii B Borovskii
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk-33, P.O.Box 1243, Irkutsk, Russia 664033
| | - Irina V Stupnikova
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk-33, P.O.Box 1243, Irkutsk, Russia 664033
| | - Anna I Antipina
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk-33, P.O.Box 1243, Irkutsk, Russia 664033
| | - Svetlana V Vladimirova
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk-33, P.O.Box 1243, Irkutsk, Russia 664033
| | - Victor K Voinikov
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk-33, P.O.Box 1243, Irkutsk, Russia 664033
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33
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Lee BH, Lee H, Xiong L, Zhu JK. A mitochondrial complex I defect impairs cold-regulated nuclear gene expression. THE PLANT CELL 2002; 14:1235-51. [PMID: 12084824 PMCID: PMC150777 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.010433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2001] [Accepted: 02/26/2002] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
To study low-temperature signaling in plants, we previously screened for cold stress response mutants using bioluminescent Arabidopsis plants that express the firefly luciferase reporter gene driven by the stress-responsive RD29A promoter. Here, we report on the characterization and cloning of one mutant, frostbite1 (fro1), which shows reduced luminescence induction by cold. fro1 plants display reduced cold induction of stress-responsive genes such as RD29A, KIN1, COR15A, and COR47. fro1 leaves have a reduced capacity for cold acclimation, appear water-soaked, leak electrolytes, and accumulate reactive oxygen species constitutively. FRO1 was isolated through positional cloning and found to encode a protein with high similarity to the 18-kD Fe-S subunit of complex I (NADH dehydrogenase, EC 1.6.5.3) in the mitochondrial electron transfer chain. Confocal imaging shows that the FRO1:green fluorescent protein fusion protein is localized in mitochondria. These results suggest that cold induction of nuclear gene expression is modulated by mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong-ha Lee
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
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34
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Kolesnichenko AV, Grabelnych OI, Tourchaninova VV, Zykova VV, Koroleva NA, Pobezhimova TP, Voinikov VK. An influence of stress protein CSP 310 and antiserum against this protein on lipid peroxidation in cereal mitochondria. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2002; 22:113-26. [PMID: 11486810 DOI: 10.1081/ias-100103224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
It is determined that an addition of an anti-CSP 310 antiserum to isolated winter wheat and maize mitochondria caused more significant increasing of spontaneous lipid peroxidation than the addition of stress protein CSP 310. It is shown that, at function of different mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes, the lipid peroxidation in winter wheat and maize mitochondria take place with different intensities. Under the functioning of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV, the maximum output of lipid peroxidation products, dienic conjugates is detected. The presence of antiserum against CSP 310 in incubation media induces lipid peroxidation more than the presence of CSP 310 in mitochondria isolated from stressed plants under these conditions. Based on data obtained, it is possible to conclude that in vivo endogenous CSP 310, during a cold stress, has an antioxidant activity the same as other known uncoupling proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Kolesnichenko
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk
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35
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A qualitative model for the mechanism of sugar accumulation in cold-stressed plant tissues. Theory Biosci 2001. [DOI: 10.1007/s12064-001-0014-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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36
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Bohn M, Heinz E, Lüthje S. Lipid Composition and Fluidity of Plasma Membranes Isolated from Corn (Zea mays L.) Roots. Arch Biochem Biophys 2001; 387:35-40. [PMID: 11368181 DOI: 10.1006/abbi.2000.2224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although the results of lipid analyses from several plant species have been available for many years a complete characterization of the corn root plasma membrane is still lacking. The present study provides a detailed analysis of individual lipids and a characterization of the membrane fluidity of corn (Zea mays L.) root plasma membranes isolated by phase-partitioning. Phospholipids (43.9 mol%), sterols (40.8 mol%), and sphingolipids in the form of glucocerebroside (6.8 mol%) constitute the major lipid classes. Stigmasterol (19.8 mol%), campesterol (13.0 mol%), phosphatidylcholine 15.8 mol%), and phosphatidylethanolamine (14.2 mol%) represent the most ubiquitous individual lipids. Hydroxy fatty acids make up 80.9 mol% and very long chain fatty acids are almost 78% of fatty acids in glucocerebroside. Hydroxy arachidic acid (20:0 h) and hydroxy lignoceric acid (24:0 h) are most prominent and glucocerebroside from corn root plasma membranes contains virtually no unsaturated fatty acids. Among the phospholipids only phosphatidylserine displayed a high proportion of very long chain fatty acids (e.g., behenic and lignoceric acid). Membrane fluidity was estimated by fluorescence anisotropy. Due to the high sterol content the plasma membrane of corn roots is relatively rigid.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bohn
- Institut für Allgemeine Botanik, Universität Hamburg, Germany
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37
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Caiveau O, Fortune D, Cantrel C, Zachowski A, Moreau F. Consequences of omega -6-oleate desaturase deficiency on lipid dynamics and functional properties of mitochondrial membranes of Arabidopsis thaliana. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:5788-94. [PMID: 11104757 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m006231200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We probed the role of the polyunsaturated fatty acids on the dynamic and functional properties of mitochondrial membranes using the fad2 mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana, deficient in omega-6-oleate desaturase. In mitochondria of this mutant, the oleic acid content exceeded 70% of the total fatty acids, and the lipid/protein ratio was greatly enhanced. As a consequence, local microviscosity, probed by anthroyloxy fatty acid derivatives, was increased by 30%, whereas the lipid lateral diffusion, assayed using 1-pyrenedodecanoic acid, was approximately 4 times increased. Functional parameters such as oxygen consumption rate under phosphorylating and nonphosphorylating conditions and proton permeability of the inner mitochondrial membrane were significantly reduced in fad2 mitochondrial membranes, while the thermal dependence of the respiration was enhanced. Moreover, metabolic control analysis of the respiration clearly showed an enhancement of the control exerted by the membrane proton leaks. Our data suggest that the loss of omega-6-oleate desaturase activity in Arabidopsis cells induced an enhancement of both microviscosity and lipid/protein ratio of mitochondrial membranes, which in turn were responsible for the change in lateral mobility of lipids and for bioenergetic parameter modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Caiveau
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Plantes UMR 7632 CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
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Behzadipour M, Kluge M, Lüthje S. Changes in plasma membrane fluidity of corn (Zea mays L.) roots after Brij 58 treatment. PROTOPLASMA 2001; 217:65-69. [PMID: 11732340 DOI: 10.1007/bf01289415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The detergent Brij 58 has been introduced to reverse plasma membrane (PM) vesicles from the right-side-out to the inside-out form. The aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of Brij 58 on the formation of an ATP-dependent proton gradient and on the fluidity of the lipid phase of PM vesicles. PMs of corn (Zea mays L.) roots were isolated by phase-partitioning. The fluidity of PMs was estimated by measurement of fluorescence polarization with 1-(4-trimethylammoniumphenyl)-6-phenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (TMA-DPH) and 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH). The PMs of corn roots were relatively rigid. The hydrophobic part of the lipid bilayer was more fluid than the hydrophilic part. After intercalation of Brij 58 into the lipid bilayer the membrane fluidity changed in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment with the detergent Brij 58 increased the degree of fluorescence polarization for TMA-DPH, while it decreased it for DPH. This effect was saturated at a detergent-to-protein ratio of 1:4 for both fluorescence probes. Although the biophysical characteristics of the membrane were changed after Brij 58 treatment, the formation of ATP-dependent proton gradients could still be measured with those vesicles. The generation of an ATP-dependent proton gradient with Brij 58-treated PM vesicles suggests that the detergent treatment indeed turned the originally right-side-out vesicles to sealed inside-out vesicles. The limits of the effect caused by Brij 58 in the context of PM enzyme activities are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Behzadipour
- Institut für Botanik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Federal Republic of Germany
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39
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Plant stress-related uncoupling protein CSP 310 caused lipid peroxidation in winter wheat mitochondria under chilling stress. J Therm Biol 2000; 25:323-327. [PMID: 10838171 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4565(99)00099-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
The effect of CSP 310 on lipid peroxidation in winter wheat mitochondria was studied by the measurement of primary lipid peroxidation products - dienic conjugates. It was found that some concentrations of CSP 310 caused lipid peroxidation in isolated winter wheat mitochondria in all systems investigated at different concentrations during chilling stress.
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40
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Millar AH, Leaver CJ. The cytotoxic lipid peroxidation product, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, specifically inhibits decarboxylating dehydrogenases in the matrix of plant mitochondria. FEBS Lett 2000; 481:117-21. [PMID: 10996308 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(00)01976-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), a cytotoxic product of lipid peroxidation, inhibits O(2) consumption by potato tuber mitochondria. 2-Oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDC), pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) (both 80% inhibited) and NAD-malic enzyme (50% inhibited) are its major targets. Mitochondrial proteins identified by reaction with antibodies raised to lipoic acid lost this antigenicity following HNE treatment. These proteins were identified as acetyltransferases of PDC (78 kDa and 55 kDa), succinyltransferases of OGDC (50 kDa and 48 kDa) and glycine decarboxylase H protein (17 kDa). The significance of the effect of these inhibitions on the impact of lipid peroxidation and plant respiratory functions is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Millar
- Plant Sciences Group, Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia.
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41
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Pastori G, Foyer CH, Mullineaux P. Low temperature-induced changes in the distribution of H2O2 and antioxidants between the bundle sheath and mesophyll cells of maize leaves. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2000. [PMID: 10938801 DOI: 10.1093/jexbot/51.342.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of antioxidants between bundle sheath and mesophyll cells of maize leaves was analysed in plants grown at 20 degrees C, 18 degrees C and 15 degrees C. The purity of the isolated bundle sheath and mesophyll fractions was determined using compartment-specific marker enzymes. In plants grown at 15 degrees C, ascorbate peroxidase, CuZn-superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) and monodehydroascorbate reductase activities were increased in the bundle sheath cells, and glutathione reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase and monodehydroascorbate reductase activities were enhanced in the mesophyll cells. SOD was absent from the mesophyll of plants grown at 20 degrees C but an Fe-SOD activity was found in the mesophyll of plants grown at 15 degrees C. Foliar Mn-SOD activities were decreased at 15 degrees C compared to 20 degrees C. Catalase was undetectable in the mesophyll extracts of plants grown at 15 degrees C. Ascorbate and glutathione contents were considerably higher in the mesophyll than the bundle sheath fractions of plants grown at 20 degrees C. The ratios of reduced to oxidized forms of these antioxidants were significantly decreased in the bundle sheath, but increased in the mesophyll of leaves grown at 15 degrees C. Foliar H2O2 accumulated at 15 degrees C compared to 20 degrees C. Most of the foliar H2O2 was localized in the mesophyll tissues at all growth temperatures. The differential distribution of antioxidants between leaf bundle sheath and mesophyll tissues, observed at 20 degrees C, is even more pronounced when plants are grown at 15 degrees C and may contribute to the extreme sensitivity of maize to low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Pastori
- Biochemistry and Physiology Department, IACR-Rothamsted, Harpenden, Herts, UK.
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42
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Pastori G, Foyer CH, Mullineaux P. Low temperature-induced changes in the distribution of H2O2 and antioxidants between the bundle sheath and mesophyll cells of maize leaves. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2000. [PMID: 10938801 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/51.342.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of antioxidants between bundle sheath and mesophyll cells of maize leaves was analysed in plants grown at 20 degrees C, 18 degrees C and 15 degrees C. The purity of the isolated bundle sheath and mesophyll fractions was determined using compartment-specific marker enzymes. In plants grown at 15 degrees C, ascorbate peroxidase, CuZn-superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) and monodehydroascorbate reductase activities were increased in the bundle sheath cells, and glutathione reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase and monodehydroascorbate reductase activities were enhanced in the mesophyll cells. SOD was absent from the mesophyll of plants grown at 20 degrees C but an Fe-SOD activity was found in the mesophyll of plants grown at 15 degrees C. Foliar Mn-SOD activities were decreased at 15 degrees C compared to 20 degrees C. Catalase was undetectable in the mesophyll extracts of plants grown at 15 degrees C. Ascorbate and glutathione contents were considerably higher in the mesophyll than the bundle sheath fractions of plants grown at 20 degrees C. The ratios of reduced to oxidized forms of these antioxidants were significantly decreased in the bundle sheath, but increased in the mesophyll of leaves grown at 15 degrees C. Foliar H2O2 accumulated at 15 degrees C compared to 20 degrees C. Most of the foliar H2O2 was localized in the mesophyll tissues at all growth temperatures. The differential distribution of antioxidants between leaf bundle sheath and mesophyll tissues, observed at 20 degrees C, is even more pronounced when plants are grown at 15 degrees C and may contribute to the extreme sensitivity of maize to low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Pastori
- Biochemistry and Physiology Department, IACR-Rothamsted, Harpenden, Herts, UK.
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