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Bezerra M, Ribeiro M, Cosme F, Nunes FM. Overview of the distinctive characteristics of strawberry, raspberry, and blueberry in berries, berry wines, and berry spirits. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13354. [PMID: 38682687 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Red berries have gained popularity as functional and nutritious food due to their health benefits, leading to increased consumer demand and higher production, totaling over 11,000 ktons for strawberries, raspberries, and blueberries combined in 2021. Nutritionally, strawberries, raspberries, and blueberries present high levels of vitamin C (9.7-58.8 mg/100 g dry weight [dw]), folates (6-24 µg/100 g dw), and minerals (96-228 mg/100 g dw). Due to their perishable nature, producers have utilized alcoholic fermentation to extend their shelf life, not only increasing the lifespan of red berries but also attracting consumers through the production of novel beverages. Strawberry, blueberry, and raspberry wines possess low alcohol (5.5-11.1% v/v), high acidity (3.2-17.6 g/L), and interesting bioactive molecules such as phenolic compounds, carotenoids, polysaccharides, and melatonin. Distillation holds tremendous potential for reducing food waste by creating red berry spirits of exceptional quality. Although research on red berry spirits is still in the early stages, future studies should focus on their production and characterization. By incorporating these factors, the production chain would become more sustainable, profitable, and efficient by reducing food waste, capitalizing on consumer acceptance, and leveraging the natural health-promoting characteristics of these products. Therefore, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the characteristics of strawberry, blueberry, and red raspberry in berries, wines, and spirits, with a focus on their chemical composition and production methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mário Bezerra
- Chemistry Research Centre-Vila Real (CQ-VR), Food and Wine Chemistry Laboratory, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Miguel Ribeiro
- Chemistry Research Centre-Vila Real (CQ-VR), Food and Wine Chemistry Laboratory, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Genetics and Biotechnology Department, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Cosme
- Chemistry Research Centre-Vila Real (CQ-VR), Food and Wine Chemistry Laboratory, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Biology and Environment Department, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Fernando M Nunes
- Chemistry Research Centre-Vila Real (CQ-VR), Food and Wine Chemistry Laboratory, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Chemistry Department, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
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Chen B, Wang X, Yu H, Dong N, Li J, Chang X, Wang J, Jiang C, Liu J, Chi X, Zha L, Gui S. Genome-wide analysis of UDP-glycosyltransferases family and identification of UGT genes involved in drought stress of Platycodon grandiflorus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1363251. [PMID: 38742211 PMCID: PMC11089202 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1363251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Introduction The uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glycosyltransferase (UGT) family is the largest glycosyltransferase family, which is involved in the biosynthesis of natural plant products and response to abiotic stress. UGT has been studied in many medicinal plants, but there are few reports on Platycodon grandiflorus. This study is devoted to genome-wide analysis of UGT family and identification of UGT genes involved in drought stress of Platycodon grandiflorus (PgUGTs). Methods The genome data of Platycodon grandiflorus was used for genome-wide identification of PgUGTs, online website and bioinformatics analysis software was used to conduct bioinformatics analysis of PgUGT genes and the genes highly responsive to drought stress were screened out by qRT-PCR, these genes were cloned and conducted bioinformatics analysis. Results A total of 75 PgUGT genes were identified in P.grandiflorus genome and clustered into 14 subgroups. The PgUGTs were distributed on nine chromosomes, containing multiple cis-acting elements and 22 pairs of duplicate genes were identified. Protein-protein interaction analysis was performed to predict the interaction between PgUGT proteins. Additionally, six genes were upregulated after 3d under drought stress and three genes (PGrchr09G0563, PGrchr06G0523, PGrchr06G1266) responded significantly to drought stress, as confirmed by qRT-PCR. This was especially true for PGrchr06G1266, the expression of which increased 16.21-fold after 3d of treatment. We cloned and conducted bioinformatics analysis of three candidate genes, both of which contained conserved motifs and several cis-acting elements related to stress response, PGrchr06G1266 contained the most elements. Discussion PgGT1 was confirmed to catalyze the C-3 position of platycodin D and only eight amino acids showed differences between gene PGr008G1527 and PgGT1, which means PGr008G1527 may be able to catalyze the C-3 position of platycodin D in the same manner as PgGT1. Seven genes were highly expressed in the roots, stems, and leaves, these genes may play important roles in the development of the roots, stems, and leaves of P. grandiflorus. Three genes were highly responsive to drought stress, among which the expression of PGrchr06G1266 was increased 16.21-fold after 3d of drought stress treatment, indicating that PGrchr06G1266 plays an important role in drought stress tolerance. To summarize, this study laied the foundation to better understand the molecular bases of responses to drought stress and the biosynthesis of platycodin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Center for Xin’an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xinrui Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Center for Xin’an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Hanwen Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Center for Xin’an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Nan Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Center for Xin’an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xiangwei Chang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jutao Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-Di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit (No. 2019RU057), National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit (No. 2019RU057), National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiulian Chi
- Center for Xin’an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Liangping Zha
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Center for Xin’an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Institute of Conservation and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Shuangying Gui
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Center for Xin’an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- MOE-Anhui Joint Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Improvement of Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials, Hefei, China
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Wang X, Yang J, Hu H, Yuan T, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Li W, Liu J. Genome-Wide Analysis and Identification of UDP Glycosyltransferases Responsive to Chinese Wheat Mosaic Virus Resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana. Viruses 2024; 16:489. [PMID: 38675832 PMCID: PMC11054786 DOI: 10.3390/v16040489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation, a dynamic modification prevalent in viruses and higher eukaryotes, is principally regulated by uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) in plants. Although UGTs are involved in plant defense responses, their responses to most pathogens, especially plant viruses, remain unclear. Here, we aimed to identify UGTs in the whole genome of Nicotiana benthamiana (N. benthamiana) and to analyze their function in Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) infection. A total of 147 NbUGTs were identified in N. benthamiana. To conduct a phylogenetic analysis, the UGT protein sequences of N. benthamiana and Arabidopsis thaliana were aligned. The gene structure and conserved motifs of the UGTs were also analyzed. Additionally, the physicochemical properties and predictable subcellular localization were examined in detail. Analysis of cis-acting elements in the putative promoter revealed that NbUGTs were involved in temperature, defense, and hormone responses. The expression levels of 20 NbUGTs containing defense-related cis-acting elements were assessed in CWMV-infected N. benthamiana, revealing a significant upregulation of 8 NbUGTs. Subcellular localization analysis of three NbUGTs (NbUGT12, NbUGT16 and NbUGT17) revealed their predominant localization in the cytoplasm of N. benthamiana leaves, and NbUGT12 was also distributed in the chloroplasts. CWMV infection did not alter the subcellular localization of NbUGT12, NbUGT16, and NbUGT17. Transient overexpression of NbUGT12, NbUGT16, and NbUGT17 enhanced CWMV infection, whereas the knockdown of NbUGT12, NbUGT16 and NbUGT17 inhibited CWMV infection in N. benthamiana. These NbUGTs could serve as potential susceptibility genes to facilitate CWMV infection. Overall, the findings throw light on the evolution and function of NbUGTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (X.W.); (H.H.)
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (J.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (J.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Haichao Hu
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (X.W.); (H.H.)
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (J.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Tangyu Yuan
- Yantai Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 26 Gangcheng West Street, Fushan District, Yantai City 265500, China;
| | - Yingjie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (J.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (J.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Wei Li
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (X.W.); (H.H.)
| | - Jiaqian Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (J.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
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Liu Y, Liu R, Li F, Yu S, Nie Y, Li JQ, Pan C, Zhu W, Zhou Z, Diao J. Nano-selenium repaired the damage caused by fungicides on strawberry flavor quality and antioxidant capacity by regulating ABA biosynthesis and ripening-related transcription factors. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 198:105753. [PMID: 38225097 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Recently, studies have shown that pesticides may have adverse effects on the flavor quality of the fruits, but there is still a lack of appropriate methods to repair the damage. This study investigated the effects and mechanism of applying the emerging material, nano‑selenium, and two fungicides (Boscalid and Pydiflumetofen) alone or together on the flavor quality and antioxidant capacity of strawberries. The results showed that the two fungicides had a negative impact on strawberry color, flavor, antioxidant capacity and different enzymatic systems. The color damage was mainly attributed to the impact on anthocyanin content. Nano‑selenium alleviated the quality losses by increasing sugar-acid ratio, volatiles, anthocyanin levels, enzyme activities and DPPH scavenging ability and reducing ROS levels. Results also showed that these damage and repair processes were related to the regulation of flavor and ripening related transcription factors (including FaRIF, FaSnRK1, FaMYB10, FaMYB1, FaSnRK2.6 and FaABI1), the upregulation of genes on sugar-acid, volatile, and anthocyanin synthesis pathways, as well as the increase of sucrose and ABA signaling molecules. In addition, the application of nano-Se supplemented the selenium content in fruits, and was harmless to human health. This information is crucial for revealing the mechanisms of flavor damage caused by pesticides to strawberry and the repaired of nano‑selenium, and broadens the researching and applying of nano‑selenium in repairing the damage caused by pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan west road 2, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan west road 2, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Feifei Li
- The Administrative Office of Beijing Shisanling Forestry Farm, China
| | - Simin Yu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan west road 2, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yufan Nie
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan west road 2, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jia-Qi Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan west road 2, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Canping Pan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan west road 2, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan west road 2, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan west road 2, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jinling Diao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan west road 2, Beijing 100193, China.
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Wu Y, Liu J, Jiao B, Wang T, Sun S, Huang B. Genome-Wide Analysis of Family-1 UDP-Glycosyltransferases in Potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.): Identification, Phylogenetic Analysis and Determination of Response to Osmotic Stress. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2144. [PMID: 38136966 PMCID: PMC10742590 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Family-1 UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) are the most common and functional glycosyltransferases in the plant world. UGT is closely related to plant growth and the response to abiotic stress. However, despite systematic research, our understanding of potato UGT genes is still unclear. In this study, we identified 174 potato UGT proteins based on their conserved plant secondary product glycosyltransferase (PSPG) motifs. Phylogenetic analyses were used to compare these proteins with Arabidopsis UGTs and other plant UGTs, and it was found that they could be clustered into 18 distinct groups. Patterns of intron gain/loss and intron phases within potato UGTs revealed highly conserved intron insertion events. The promoter cis-elements of these 174 UGT genes were systematically investigated. The promoter regions of these UGT genes are known to contain various classes of cis-acting compounds. These include elements that are light-responsive, phytohormone-responsive, and stress-responsive. Transcriptome data analysis established that 25, 10, 6, and 4 of these 174 UGT genes were specifically expressed in leaves, roots, stolons, and young tubers, respectively. The mannitol-treated transcriptomic data showed thirty-eight UGT genes were significantly upregulated. The quantitative real-time PCR results showed that the four genes were all responsive to osmotic stress under a 10% PEG6000 treatment. The results of our study provide a basis for clarifying the molecular mechanism of potato osmotic stress resistance and better understanding its function in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Wu
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Baozhen Jiao
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Sifan Sun
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Binquan Huang
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
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Liu Z, Liang T, Kang C. Molecular bases of strawberry fruit quality traits: Advances, challenges, and opportunities. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:900-914. [PMID: 37399254 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
The strawberry is one of the world's most popular fruits, providing humans with vitamins, fibers, and antioxidants. Cultivated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) is an allo-octoploid and highly heterozygous, making it a challenge for breeding, quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping, and gene discovery. Some wild strawberry relatives, such as Fragaria vesca, have diploid genomes and are becoming laboratory models for the cultivated strawberry. Recent advances in genome sequencing and CRISPR-mediated genome editing have greatly improved the understanding of various aspects of strawberry growth and development in both cultivated and wild strawberries. This review focuses on fruit quality traits that are most relevant to the consumers, including fruit aroma, sweetness, color, firmness, and shape. Recently available phased-haplotype genomes, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays, extensive fruit transcriptomes, and other big data have made it possible to locate key genomic regions or pinpoint specific genes that underlie volatile synthesis, anthocyanin accumulation for fruit color, and sweetness intensity or perception. These new advances will greatly facilitate marker-assisted breeding, the introgression of missing genes into modern varieties, and precise genome editing of selected genes and pathways. Strawberries are poised to benefit from these recent advances, providing consumers with fruit that is tastier, longer-lasting, healthier, and more beautiful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongchi Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Tong Liang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chunying Kang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Zeng S, Zhang L, Li P, Pu D, Fu Y, Zheng R, Xi H, Qiao K, Wang D, Sun B, Sun S, Zhang Y. Molecular mechanisms of caramel-like odorant-olfactory receptor interactions based on a computational chemistry approach. Food Res Int 2023; 171:113063. [PMID: 37330856 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Molecular mechanisms of caramel-like odorant-olfactory receptor interactions were investigated based on molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. The transmembrane regions TM-3, TM-5 and TM-6 of receptors were main contributors of amino acid residues in the docking. Molecular docking results showed that hydrogen bonding and pi-pi stacking were the key forces for the stabilization of caramel-like odorants. The binding energies were positively correlated with the molecular weight of caramel-like odorants. Residues Asn155 (84%, OR2W1), Asn206 (86%, OR8D1), Ser155 (77%, OR8D1), Asp179 (87%, OR5M3), Val182 (84%, OR2J2) and Tyr260 (94%, OR2J2) with high frequencies played an important role in the complexes formation. Odorants 4-hydroxy-5-methylfuran-3(2H)-one (16#) and methylglyoxal (128#) were screened by molecular field-based similarity analysis, which tended to bind to the receptors OR1G1 and OR52H1 respectively, resulting a caramel-like aroma perception. The obtained results are useful for better understanding the perception of caramel-like odorants and their high-throughput screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shitong Zeng
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Flavor Science of China General Chamber of Commerce, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flavor Science of China General Chamber of Commerce, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Peng Li
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Dandan Pu
- Key Laboratory of Flavor Science of China General Chamber of Commerce, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yingjie Fu
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ruiyi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Flavor Science of China General Chamber of Commerce, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Hui Xi
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Kaina Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Flavor Science of China General Chamber of Commerce, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Dingzhong Wang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Baoguo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Flavor Science of China General Chamber of Commerce, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Shihao Sun
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Yuyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flavor Science of China General Chamber of Commerce, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
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Li Y, Shi Y, Li Y, Lu J, Sun Y, Zhang Y, Chen W, Yang X, Grierson D, Lang Z, Jiang G, Chen K. DNA methylation mediated by RdDM pathway and demethylation affects furanone accumulation through regulation of QUINONE OXIDOREDUCTASE in strawberry. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad131. [PMID: 37560014 PMCID: PMC10407599 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, increasing evidence suggests that DNA methylation plays a crucial role in fruit ripening. However, the role of DNA methylation in regulating specific traits, such as flavor, remains unclear. Here, we report a role of DNA methylation in affecting furanone biosynthesis in strawberry. Strawberry quinone oxidoreductase (FaQR) is a key enzyme in furanone biosynthesis. There are four FaQR homologs in strawberry cultivar 'Yuexin', and one of them, FaQR3, contributes ~50% of FaQR transcripts, indicating a major role of FaQR3 in furanone biosynthesis. Through characterization of levels of DNA methylation and FaQR3 transcript and furanone contents during fruit ripening and after the application of DNA methylation inhibitor, we found that the DNA methylation level of the FaQR3 promoter was negatively correlated with FaQR3 expression and furanone accumulation, suggesting that DNA methylation may be involved in furanone biosynthesis through adjusting FaQR3 expression, and responded to different temperatures consistently. In addition, transient expression of a gene in the RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) pathway, FaAGO4, and enrichment analysis of the 24-nucleotide siRNAs suggested that DNA methylation in the FaQR3 promoter is mediated by the RdDM pathway. Transient RNA interference (RNAi) of FaDML indicated that the demethylation pathway may be involved in regulating furanone accumulation. These findings provide new insights into the role of DNA methylation and demethylation in affecting flavor quality in strawberry during fruit ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunduan Li
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanna Shi
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yichen Li
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiao Lu
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yunfan Sun
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wenbo Chen
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaofang Yang
- Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Donald Grierson
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, United Kingdom
| | - Zhaobo Lang
- Institute of Advanced Biotechnology and School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guihua Jiang
- Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kunsong Chen
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
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9
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Kaur G, Abugu M, Tieman D. The dissection of tomato flavor: biochemistry, genetics, and omics. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1144113. [PMID: 37346138 PMCID: PMC10281629 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1144113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Flavor and quality are the major drivers of fruit consumption in the US. However, the poor flavor of modern commercial tomato varieties is a major cause of consumer dissatisfaction. Studies in flavor research have informed the role of volatile organic compounds in improving overall liking and sweetness of tomatoes. These studies have utilized and applied the tools of molecular biology, genetics, biochemistry, omics, machine learning, and gene editing to elucidate the compounds and biochemical pathways essential for good tasting fruit. Here, we discuss the progress in identifying the biosynthetic pathways and chemical modifications of important tomato volatile compounds. We also summarize the advances in developing highly flavorful tomato varieties and future steps toward developing a "perfect tomato".
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurleen Kaur
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Modesta Abugu
- Department of Horticulture Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Denise Tieman
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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10
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Hoffmann TD, Kurze E, Liao J, Hoffmann T, Song C, Schwab W. Genome-wide identification of UDP-glycosyltransferases in the tea plant ( Camellia sinensis) and their biochemical and physiological functions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1191625. [PMID: 37346124 PMCID: PMC10279963 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1191625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Tea (Camellia sinensis) has been an immensely important commercially grown crop for decades. This is due to the presence of essential nutrients and plant secondary metabolites that exhibit beneficial health effects. UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) play an important role in the diversity of such secondary metabolites by catalysing the transfer of an activated sugar donor to acceptor molecules, and thereby creating a huge variety of glycoconjugates. Only in recent years, thanks to the sequencing of the tea plant genome, have there been increased efforts to characterise the UGTs in C. sinensis to gain an understanding of their physiological role and biotechnological potential. Based on the conserved plant secondary product glycosyltransferase (PSPG) motif and the catalytically active histidine in the active site, UGTs of family 1 in C. sinensis are identified here, and shown to cluster into 21 groups in a phylogenetic tree. Building on this, our current understanding of recently characterised C. sinensis UGTs (CsUGTs) is highlighted and a discussion on future perspectives made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D. Hoffmann
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kurze
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Jieren Liao
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas Hoffmann
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Chuankui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wilfried Schwab
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
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11
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Singh G, Sharma S, Rawat S, Sharma RK. Plant Specialised Glycosides (PSGs): their biosynthetic enzymatic machinery, physiological functions and commercial potential. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2022; 49:1009-1028. [PMID: 36038144 DOI: 10.1071/fp21294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plants, the primary producers of our planet, have evolved from simple aquatic life to very complex terrestrial habitat. This habitat transition coincides with evolution of enormous chemical diversity, collectively termed as 'Plant Specialised Metabolisms (PSMs)', to cope the environmental challenges. Plant glycosylation is an important process of metabolic diversification of PSMs to govern their in planta stability, solubility and inter/intra-cellular transport. Although, individual category of PSMs (terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, phytohormones, glucosinolates and cyanogenic glycosides) have been well studied; nevertheless, deeper insights of physiological functioning and genomic aspects of plant glycosylation/deglycosylation processes including enzymatic machinery (CYPs, GTs, and GHs) and regulatory elements are still elusive. Therefore, this review discussed the paradigm shift on genomic background of enzymatic machinery, transporters and regulatory mechanism of 'Plant Specialised Glycosides (PSGs)'. Current efforts also update the fundamental understanding about physiological, evolutionary and adaptive role of glycosylation/deglycosylation processes during the metabolic diversification of PSGs. Additionally, futuristic considerations and recommendations for employing integrated next-generation multi-omics (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics), including gene/genome editing (CRISPR-Cas) approaches are also proposed to explore commercial potential of PSGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Singh
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India; and Present address: Department of Plant Functional Metabolomics, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznan, Poland
| | - Shikha Sharma
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sandeep Rawat
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; and Present address: G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development, Sikkim Regional Centre, Pangthang, Gangtok 737101, Sikkim, India
| | - Ram Kumar Sharma
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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12
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Chen X, Quek SY. Free and glycosidically bound aroma compounds in fruit: biosynthesis, transformation, and practical control. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:9052-9073. [PMID: 35452325 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2064422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Fruit aroma makes an initial flavor impression and largely determines the consumer preference and acceptance of fruit products. Free volatile organic compounds (FVOCs) directly make up the characteristic aromas of fruits. While glycosidically bound volatile compounds (GBVs) can be hydrolyzed during fruit ripening, postharvest storage, and processing, releasing the attached aglycones as free volatiles that could alter the overall aroma attributes of fruits. GBVs typically exhibit significantly higher concentrations than their free counterparts in fruits such as grapes, cherries, kiwifruits, tomatoes, and tamarillos. This review highlights the biosynthesis of FVOCs and GBVs in fruit and illustrates their biological transformations for various functional purposes such as detoxification, aroma enhancement, plant defense, and pollinator attraction. Practical applications for regulating the levels of aroma compounds emitted or accumulated in fruit are also reviewed, emphasizing the metabolic engineering of free volatile metabolites and hydrolytic technologies on aroma glycosides. Generally, enzymatic hydrolysis using AR2000 is a common strategy to enhance the sensory attributes of fruit juices/wines, while acidic hydrolysis induces the oxidation and rearrangement of aglycones, generating artifacts with off-aromas. This review associates the occurrence of free and glycosidic bound volatiles in fruit and addresses their importance in fruit flavor enhancement and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chen
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Siew Young Quek
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Centre of Research Excellence in Food Research, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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13
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Gao HY, Liu Y, Tan FF, Zhu LW, Jia KZ, Tang YJ. Advances and Challenges in Enzymatic C-glycosylation of Flavonoids in Plants. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:1466-1479. [PMID: 35466866 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220422085128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoid glycosides play required determinant roles in plants and have considerable potential for applications in medicine and biotechnology. Glycosyltransferases transfer a sugar moiety from uridine diphosphate-activated sugar molecules to an acceptor flavonoid via C-O and C-C linkages. Compared with O-glycosylflavonoids, C-glycosylflavonoids are more stable, are resistant to glycosidase or acid hydrolysis, exhibit better pharmacological properties, and have received more attention. Herein, we discuss the mining of C-glycosylflavones and the corresponding C-glycosyltransferases and evaluate the differences in structure and catalytic mechanisms between C-glycosyltransferase and O-glycosyltransferase. We conclude that promiscuity and specificity are key determinants for general flavonoid C-glycosyltransferase engineering and summarize the C-glycosyltransferase engineering strategy. A thorough understanding of the properties, catalytic mechanisms, and engineering of C-glycosyltransferases will be critical for any future biotechnological applications in areas such as the production of desired C-glycosylflavonoids for nutritional or medicinal use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yao Gao
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Yan Liu
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Fei-Fan Tan
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Li-Wen Zhu
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Kai-Zhi Jia
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Ya-Jie Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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14
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Effects of ultrasound and ultra-high pressure pretreatments on volatile and taste compounds of vacuum-freeze dried strawberry slice. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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15
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Kurze E, Wüst M, Liao J, McGraphery K, Hoffmann T, Song C, Schwab W. Structure-function relationship of terpenoid glycosyltransferases from plants. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 39:389-409. [PMID: 34486004 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00038a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2021Terpenoids are physiologically active substances that are of great importance to humans. Their physicochemical properties are modified by glycosylation, in terms of polarity, volatility, solubility and reactivity, and their bioactivities are altered accordingly. Significant scientific progress has been made in the functional study of glycosylated terpenes and numerous plant enzymes involved in regio- and enantioselective glycosylation have been characterized, a reaction that remains chemically challenging. Crucial clues to the mechanism of terpenoid glycosylation were recently provided by the first crystal structures of a diterpene glycosyltransferase UGT76G1. Here, we review biochemically characterized terpenoid glycosyltransferases, compare their functions and primary structures, discuss their acceptor and donor substrate tolerance and product specificity, and elaborate features of the 3D structures of the first terpenoid glycosyltransferases from plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Kurze
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Matthias Wüst
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 19C, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Jieren Liao
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Kate McGraphery
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Thomas Hoffmann
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Chuankui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University Hefei, Anhui 230036, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wilfried Schwab
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354 Freising, Germany. .,State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University Hefei, Anhui 230036, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Zhang L, Qiao Y, Liao L, Shi D, An K, Jun W, Liu S. WITHDRAWN: Effects of ultrasound and ultra-high pressure pretreatments on volatile and taste compounds of vacuum-freeze dried strawberry slice. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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17
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Barbey CR, Hogshead MH, Harrison B, Schwartz AE, Verma S, Oh Y, Lee S, Folta KM, Whitaker VM. Genetic Analysis of Methyl Anthranilate, Mesifurane, Linalool, and Other Flavor Compounds in Cultivated Strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:615749. [PMID: 34093602 PMCID: PMC8170412 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.615749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The cultivated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) is an economically important fruit crop that is intensively bred for improved sensory qualities. The diversity of fruit flavors and aromas in strawberry results mainly from the interactions of sugars, acids, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are derived from diverse biochemical pathways influenced by the expression of many genes. This study integrates multiomic analyses to identify QTL and candidate genes for multiple aroma compounds in a complex strawberry breeding population. Novel fruit volatile QTL was discovered for methyl anthranilate, methyl 2-hexenoate, methyl 2-methylbutyrate, mesifurane, and a shared QTL on Chr 3 was found for nine monoterpene and sesquiterpene compounds, including linalool, 3-carene, β-phellandrene, α-limonene, linalool oxide, nerolidol, α-caryophellene, α-farnesene, and β-farnesene. Fruit transcriptomes from a subset of 64 individuals were used to support candidate gene identification. For methyl esters including the grape-like methyl anthranilate, a novel ANTHANILIC ACID METHYL TRANSFERASE-like gene was identified. Two mesifurane QTL correspond with the known biosynthesis gene O-METHYL TRANSFERASE 1 and a novel FURANEOL GLUCOSYLTRANSFERASE. The shared terpene QTL contains multiple fruit-expressed terpenoid pathway-related genes including NEROLIDOL SYNTHASE 1 (FanNES1). The abundance of linalool and other monoterpenes is partially governed by a co-segregating expression-QTL (eQTL) for FanNES1 transcript variation, and there is additional evidence for quantitative effects from other terpenoid-pathway genes in this narrow genomic region. These QTLs present new opportunities in breeding for improved flavor in commercial strawberry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R. Barbey
- Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL, United States
| | - Maxwell H. Hogshead
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Benjamin Harrison
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Anne E. Schwartz
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Sujeet Verma
- Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL, United States
| | - Youngjae Oh
- Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL, United States
| | - Seonghee Lee
- Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL, United States
| | - Kevin M. Folta
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Vance M. Whitaker
- Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL, United States
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18
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Barbey CR, Hogshead MH, Harrison B, Schwartz AE, Verma S, Oh Y, Lee S, Folta KM, Whitaker VM. Genetic Analysis of Methyl Anthranilate, Mesifurane, Linalool, and Other Flavor Compounds in Cultivated Strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:615749. [PMID: 34093602 DOI: 10.1101/2020.10.07.330001v1.full] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The cultivated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) is an economically important fruit crop that is intensively bred for improved sensory qualities. The diversity of fruit flavors and aromas in strawberry results mainly from the interactions of sugars, acids, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are derived from diverse biochemical pathways influenced by the expression of many genes. This study integrates multiomic analyses to identify QTL and candidate genes for multiple aroma compounds in a complex strawberry breeding population. Novel fruit volatile QTL was discovered for methyl anthranilate, methyl 2-hexenoate, methyl 2-methylbutyrate, mesifurane, and a shared QTL on Chr 3 was found for nine monoterpene and sesquiterpene compounds, including linalool, 3-carene, β-phellandrene, α-limonene, linalool oxide, nerolidol, α-caryophellene, α-farnesene, and β-farnesene. Fruit transcriptomes from a subset of 64 individuals were used to support candidate gene identification. For methyl esters including the grape-like methyl anthranilate, a novel ANTHANILIC ACID METHYL TRANSFERASE-like gene was identified. Two mesifurane QTL correspond with the known biosynthesis gene O-METHYL TRANSFERASE 1 and a novel FURANEOL GLUCOSYLTRANSFERASE. The shared terpene QTL contains multiple fruit-expressed terpenoid pathway-related genes including NEROLIDOL SYNTHASE 1 (FanNES1). The abundance of linalool and other monoterpenes is partially governed by a co-segregating expression-QTL (eQTL) for FanNES1 transcript variation, and there is additional evidence for quantitative effects from other terpenoid-pathway genes in this narrow genomic region. These QTLs present new opportunities in breeding for improved flavor in commercial strawberry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Barbey
- Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL, United States
| | - Maxwell H Hogshead
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Benjamin Harrison
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Anne E Schwartz
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Sujeet Verma
- Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL, United States
| | - Youngjae Oh
- Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL, United States
| | - Seonghee Lee
- Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL, United States
| | - Kevin M Folta
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Vance M Whitaker
- Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL, United States
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19
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Yi Y, Liu L, Zhou W, Peng D, Han R, Yu N. Characterization of GMPP from Dendrobium huoshanense yielding GDP-D-mannose. Open Life Sci 2021; 16:102-107. [PMID: 33817303 PMCID: PMC7988358 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2021-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendrobium huoshanense has been used for centuries in China and its polysaccharides are the main active components in treating loss of body fluids resulting from fever and asthenic symptoms. However, the biosynthetic pathway of polysaccharides in D. huoshanense remains to be elucidated. In this study, we obtained a guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-mannose pyrophosphorylase (DhGMPP) from D. huoshanense and characterized its function to catalyze the conversion of α-D-mannose-phosphate to GDP-D-mannose involved in the production of polysaccharides. DhGMPP, with the open reading frame of 1,245 bp, was isolated from RNA-Seq data of D. huoshanense. Phylogenetic analysis as well as sequence characterization suggested its involvement in the biosynthesis of GDP-D-mannose. In vitro enzyme assay demonstrated that GMPP encoded a pyrophosphorylase that converted α-D-mannose-phosphate and GTP into GDP-D-mannose. Identification of DhGMPP could provide more insights into the mechanism concerning polysaccharide biosynthesis in D. huoshanense and be utilized for enhancing polysaccharide accumulation through metabolic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Yi
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1, Qianjiang Road, Yaohai District, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Lulu Liu
- Department of Research and Development, Shanghai Zenith Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd.; Shanghai 201199, China
| | - Wenyan Zhou
- Department of Research and Development, Hefei Yifan Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd.; Hefei 230061, China
| | - Daiyin Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1, Qianjiang Road, Yaohai District, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Rongchun Han
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1, Qianjiang Road, Yaohai District, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Nianjun Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1, Qianjiang Road, Yaohai District, Hefei 230012, China
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20
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Song ZZ, Peng B, Gu ZX, Tang ML, Li B, Liang MX, Wang LM, Guo XT, Wang JP, Sha YF, Zhang HX. Site-directed mutagenesis identified the key active site residues of alcohol acyltransferase PpAAT1 responsible for aroma biosynthesis in peach fruits. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:32. [PMID: 33518702 PMCID: PMC7847995 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00461-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The aroma of peach fruit is predominantly determined by the accumulation of γ-decalactone and ester compounds. A previous study showed that the biosynthesis of these aroma compounds in peach fruit is catalyzed by PpAAT1, an alcohol acyltransferase. In this work, we investigated the key active site residues responsible for γ-decalactone and ester biosynthesis. A total of 14 candidate amino acid residues possibly involved in internal esterification and 9 candidate amino acid residues possibly involved in esterification of PpAAT1 were assessed via site-directed mutagenesis. Analyses of the in vitro enzyme activities of PpAAT1 and its site-directed mutant proteins (PpAAT1-SMs) with different amino acid residue mutations as well as the contents of γ-decalactone in transgenic tobacco leaves and peach fruits transiently expressing PpAAT1 and PpAAT1-SMs revealed that site-directed mutation of H165 in the conserved HxxxD motif led to lost enzymatic activity of PpAAT1 in both internal esterification and its reactions, whereas mutation of the key amino acid residue D376 led to the total loss of γ-decalactone biosynthesis activity of PpAAT1. Mutations of 9 and 7 other amino acid residues also dramatically affected the enzymatic activity of PpAAT1 in the internal esterification and esterification reactions, respectively. Our findings provide a biochemical foundation for the mechanical biosynthesis of γ-decalactone and ester compounds catalyzed by PpAAT1 in peach fruits, which could be used to guide the molecular breeding of new peach species with more favorable aromas for consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Zhong Song
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong (Ludong University), 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Bin Peng
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong (Ludong University), 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China.
| | - Zi-Xia Gu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Qianhuhoucun, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Mei-Ling Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong (Ludong University), 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China
- Yantai Academy of Agricultural Science, 26 Gangcheng West Street, Yantai, 265500, China
| | - Bei Li
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong (Ludong University), 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Mei-Xia Liang
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong (Ludong University), 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Li-Min Wang
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong (Ludong University), 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Guo
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong (Ludong University), 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Jian-Ping Wang
- Yantai Academy of Agricultural Science, 26 Gangcheng West Street, Yantai, 265500, China
| | - Yu-Fen Sha
- Yantai Academy of Agricultural Science, 26 Gangcheng West Street, Yantai, 265500, China
| | - Hong-Xia Zhang
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong (Ludong University), 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China.
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21
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Wu B, Liu X, Xu K, Zhang B. Genome-wide characterization, evolution and expression profiling of UDP-glycosyltransferase family in pomelo (Citrus grandis) fruit. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:459. [PMID: 33028214 PMCID: PMC7542425 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02655-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pomelo is one of the three major species of citrus. The fruit accumulates a variety of abundant secondary metabolites that affect the flavor. UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) are involved in the glycosylation of secondary metabolites. RESULTS In the present study, we performed a genome-wide analysis of pomelo UGT family, a total of 145 UGTs was identified based on the conserved plant secondary product glycosyltransferase (PSPG) motif. These UGT genes were clustered into 16 major groups through phylogenetic analysis of these genes with other plant UGTs (A-P). Pomelo UGTs were distributed unevenly among the chromosomes. At least 10 intron insertion events were observed in these UGT genome sequences, and I-5 was identified to be the highest conserved one. The expression profile analysis of pomelo UGT genes in different fruit tissues during development and ripening was carried out by RNA-seq. CONCLUSIONS We identified 145 UGTs in pomelo fruit through transcriptome data and citrus genome database. Our research provides available information on UGTs studies in pomelo, and provides an important research foundation for screening and identification of functional UGT genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boping Wu
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology / Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kai Xu
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology / Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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22
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Li Z, Wang Z, Wang K, Liu Y, Hong Y, Chen C, Guan X, Chen Q. Co-expression network analysis uncovers key candidate genes related to the regulation of volatile esters accumulation in Woodland strawberry. PLANTA 2020; 252:55. [PMID: 32949302 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03462-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
FveERF (FvH4_5g04470.1), FveAP2 (FvH4_1g16370.1) and FveWRKY (FvH4_6g42870.1) might be involved in fruit maturation of strawberry. Overexpression of FveERF could activate the expression of AAT gene and ester accumulation. Volatile esters play an important role in the aroma of strawberry fruits, whose flavor is the result of a complex mixture of various esters. The accumulation of these volatiles is closely tied to changes in metabolism during fruit ripening. Acyltransferase (AAT) is recognized as having a significant effect in ester formation. However, there is little knowledge about the regulation network of AAT. Here, we collected the data of RNA-seq and headspace GC-MS at five time points during fruit maturation of Hawaii4 and Ruegen strawberry varieties. A total of 106 volatile compounds were identified in the fruit of woodland strawberries, including 58 esters, which occupied 41.09% (Hawaii4) or 33.40% (Ruegen) of total volatile concentration. Transcriptome analysis revealed eight transcription factors highly associated with AAT genes. Through the changes in esters and the weight co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), a detailed gene network was established. This demonstrated that ERF gene (FvH4_5g04470.1), AP2 gene (FvH4_1g16370.1) and one WRKY gene (FvH4_6g42870.1) might be involved in expression of AAT genes, especially ERF genes. Overexpression of FveERF (FvH4_5g04470.1) does activate expression of AAT genes and ester accumulation in fruits of strawberry. Our findings provide valuable clues to gain better insight into the ester formation process of numerous fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zekun Li
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhennan Wang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kejing Wang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yue Liu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanhong Hong
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Changmei Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiayu Guan
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qingxi Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
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23
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Liang Z, Fang Z, Pai A, Luo J, Gan R, Gao Y, Lu J, Zhang P. Glycosidically bound aroma precursors in fruits: A comprehensive review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:215-243. [PMID: 32880480 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1813684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Fruit aroma is mainly contributed by free and glycosidically bound aroma compounds, in which glycosidically bound form can be converted into free form during storage and processing, thereby enhancing the overall aroma property. In recent years, the bound aroma precursors have been widely used as flavor additives in the food industry to enhance, balance and recover the flavor of products. This review summarizes the fruit-derived aroma glycosides in different aspects including chemical structures, enzymatic hydrolysis, biosynthesis and occurrence. Aroma glycosides structurally involve an aroma compound (aglycone) and a sugar moiety (glycone). They can be hydrolyzed to release free volatiles by endo- and/or exo-glucosidase, while their biosynthesis refers to glycosylation process using glycosyltransferases (GTs). So far, aroma glycosides have been found and studied in multiple fruits such as grapes, mangoes, lychees and so on. Additionally, their importance in flavor perception, their utilization in food flavor enhancement and other industrial applications are also discussed. Aroma glycosides can enhance flavor perception via hydrolyzation by β-glucosidase in human saliva. Moreover, they are able to impart product flavor by controlling the liberation of active volatiles in industrial applications. This review provides fundamental information for the future investigation on the fruit-derived aroma glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Liang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zhongxiang Fang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ahalya Pai
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jiaqiang Luo
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Renyou Gan
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Gao
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Lu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pangzhen Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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24
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González-Domínguez R, Sayago A, Akhatou I, Fernández-Recamales Á. Volatile Profiling of Strawberry Fruits Cultivated in a Soilless System to Investigate Cultivar-Dependent Chemical Descriptors. Foods 2020; 9:foods9060768. [PMID: 32545160 PMCID: PMC7353567 DOI: 10.3390/foods9060768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Volatile compounds are essential for food organoleptic characteristics and of great utility for the food industry as potential markers for authenticity purposes (e.g., variety, geographical origin, adulteration). The aim of this study was to determine the characteristic volatile compounds of strawberry samples grown in a soilless system by using headspace solid phase micro-extraction coupled with gas chromatography and to investigate the influence of cultivar (Festival, Candonga, Camarosa) on this volatile profile. We observed that Festival and, to a lesser extent, Candonga varieties were characterized by the richest aroma-related profiles, including higher levels of esters, furanones and terpenes. In particular, methyl butyrate, hexyl hexanoate, linalool, geraniol and furaneol were the most abundant aromatic compounds detected in the three varieties of strawberries. Complementarily, the application of pattern recognition chemometric approaches, including principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis, demonstrated that concentrations of specific volatiles can be employed as chemical descriptors to discriminate between strawberry cultivars. Accordingly, geraniol and hexyl hexanoate were found to be the most significant volatiles for the discrimination of strawberry varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl González-Domínguez
- AgriFood Laboratory, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain; (A.S.); (I.A.); (Á.F.-R.)
- International Campus of Excellence CeiA3, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-959-219-975
| | - Ana Sayago
- AgriFood Laboratory, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain; (A.S.); (I.A.); (Á.F.-R.)
- International Campus of Excellence CeiA3, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain
| | - Ikram Akhatou
- AgriFood Laboratory, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain; (A.S.); (I.A.); (Á.F.-R.)
- International Campus of Excellence CeiA3, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain
| | - Ángeles Fernández-Recamales
- AgriFood Laboratory, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain; (A.S.); (I.A.); (Á.F.-R.)
- International Campus of Excellence CeiA3, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain
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25
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Peng B, Yu M, Zhang B, Xu J, Ma R. Differences in PpAAT1 Activity in High- and Low-Aroma Peach Varieties Affect γ-Decalactone Production. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 182:2065-2080. [PMID: 32001520 PMCID: PMC7140946 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.00964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Aroma contributes to the unique flavors of fruits and is important for fruit quality evaluation. Among the many volatiles in peach (Prunus persica) fruits, γ-decalactone has the greatest contribution to the characteristic peach aroma. Some peach cultivars have γ-decalactone contents that are too low to detect. Comparison of the transcriptomes and metabolomes of a high-aroma cultivar, Fenghuayulu, and a low-aroma cultivar, Achutao, suggested that amino acid substitutions in ALCOHOL ACYLTRANSFERASE (PpAAT1) are responsible for the undetectable levels of γ-decalactone in cv Achutao fruit. Modeling and molecular docking analysis of PpAAT1 indicated that the substituted residues might determine substrate recognition or act as control channels to the active site. In vitro enzyme assays on PpAAT1 heterologously expressed and purified from Escherichia coli and in vivo assays using transient PpAAT1 expression in Nicotiana benthamiana or the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica indicated that PpAAT1 from high-aroma cultivars was more efficient than PpAAT1 from low-aroma cultivars in catalyzing the conversion of 4-hydroxydecanoyl-coenzyme A into γ-decalactone. Examination of loss-of-function mutations of PpAAT1 generated by CRISPR/Cas9 in cv Fenghuayulu showed that fruits with PpAAT1 mutations had significantly lower γ-decalactone contents. Expression of the version of PpAAT1 from cv Fenghuayulu in cv Achutao restored γ-decalactone levels to those measured in 'Fenghuayulu', confirming the specific contribution of PpAAT1 to the formation of this key aroma compound. These results show how the biosynthesis of the peach aroma compound γ-decalactone is compromised in some low-aroma cultivars and illustrate the physiological role of PpAAT1 in plant lactone biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Peng
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingliang Yu
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China
| | - Binbin Zhang
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianlan Xu
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruijuan Ma
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China
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26
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Chen Y, Guo X, Gao T, Zhang N, Wan X, Schwab W, Song C. UGT74AF3 enzymes specifically catalyze the glucosylation of 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethylfuran-3(2H)-one, an important volatile compound in Camellia sinensis. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:25. [PMID: 32140234 PMCID: PMC7049299 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-0248-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
4-Hydroxy-2,5-dimethylfuran-3(2H)-one (HDMF) is an important odorant in some fruits, and is proposed to play a crucial role in the caramel-like notes of some teas. However, its biosynthesis and metabolism in tea plants are still unknown. Here, HDMF glucoside was unambiguously identified as a native metabolite in tea plants. A novel glucosyltransferase UGT74AF3a and its allelic protein UGT74AF3b specifically catalyzed the glucosylation of HDMF and the commercially important structural homologues 2 (or 5)-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5 (or 2)-methylfuran-3(2H)-one (EHMF) and 4-hydroxy-5-methylfuran-3(2H)-one (HMF) to their corresponding β-D-glucosides. Site-directed mutagenesis of UGT74AF3b to introduce a single A456V mutation resulted in improved HDMF and EHMF glucosylation activity and affected the sugar donor preference compared with that of the wild-type control enzyme. The accumulation of HDMF glucoside was consistent with the transcript levels of UGT74AF3 in different tea cultivars. In addition, transient UGT74AF3a overexpression in tobacco significantly increased the HDMF glucoside contents, and downregulation of UGT74AF3 transcripts in tea leaves significantly reduced the concentration of HDMF glucoside compared with the levels in the controls. The identification of HDMF glucoside in the tea plant and the discovery of a novel-specific UDP-glucose:HDMF glucosyltransferase in tea plants provide the foundation for improvement of tea flavor and the biotechnological production of HDMF glucoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036 Hefei, Anhui P. R. China
| | - Xiangyang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036 Hefei, Anhui P. R. China
| | - Ting Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036 Hefei, Anhui P. R. China
| | - Na Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036 Hefei, Anhui P. R. China
| | - Xiaochun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036 Hefei, Anhui P. R. China
| | - Wilfried Schwab
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036 Hefei, Anhui P. R. China
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Chuankui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036 Hefei, Anhui P. R. China
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27
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Gaston A, Osorio S, Denoyes B, Rothan C. Applying the Solanaceae Strategies to Strawberry Crop Improvement. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 25:130-140. [PMID: 31699520 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Strawberry is a fruit crop species of major horticultural importance, for which fruit quality and the control of flowering (for fruit yield), runnering (for vegetative propagation), and the trade-off between the two are main breeding targets. The octoploid cultivated strawberry has a limited genetic basis. This raises the question of how to identify important gene targets and successfully exploit them for strawberry improvement. In this Opinion article we propose to apply to woodland strawberry, a wild diploid species displaying wide diversity, the strategies successfully employed in recent years for the identification of genetic variations underlying fruit quality and fruit yield traits in solanaceous crops (tomato, potato). Next we propose to use gene editing technologies to translate the findings to cultivated strawberry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Gaston
- INRA and University of Bordeaux, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Sonia Osorio
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea 'La Mayora', University of Málaga - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Campus de Teatinos, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Béatrice Denoyes
- INRA and University of Bordeaux, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France.
| | - Christophe Rothan
- INRA and University of Bordeaux, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France.
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28
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Luk’yanchuk I. Molecular genetic analysis of strawberry genotypes for the FaOMT fruit aroma gene. BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20202503003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The results of the analysis of allelic polymorphism of strawberry varieties and forms for the FAOMT fruit aroma gene were shown. The non-functional allele FaOMT- in the homozygous state was detected in strawberry variety Quicky. Heterozygous genotype (FaOMT+FaOMT-) was identified in the strawberry varieties Feyerverk, Ostara, Polka and Symphony, and selected forms 26-5 and 928-12. The functional allele FaOMT gene (FaOMT+) in the homozygous state (FaOMT+FaOMT+ genotype) was detected in strawberry varieties Borovitskaya, Kubata, Troitskaya, Tsaritsa, Yarkaya, Korona and Vima Kimberly, and selected forms 932-29 and 298-19-9-43, which allows us to be used as valuable initial forms in breeding for fruit aroma.
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29
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Jia KZ, Zhu LW, Qu X, Li S, Shen Y, Qi Q, Zhang Y, Li YZ, Tang YJ. Enzymatic O-Glycosylation of Etoposide Aglycone by Exploration of the Substrate Promiscuity for Glycosyltransferases. ACS Synth Biol 2019; 8:2718-2725. [PMID: 31774653 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.9b00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The 4-O-β-d-glucopyranoside of DMEP ((-)-4'-desmethylepipodophyllotoxin) (GDMEP), a natural product from Podophyllum hexandrum, is the direct precursor to the topoisomerase inhibitor etoposide, used in dozens of chemotherapy regimens for various malignancies. The biosynthesis pathway for DMEP has been completed, while the enzyme for biosynthesizing GDMEP is still unclear. Here, we report the enzymatic O-glycosylation of DMEP with 53% conversion by exploring the substrate promiscuity and entrances of glycosyltransferases. Notably, we found 6 essential amino acid residues surrounding the putative substrate entrances exposed to the protein surface in UGT78D2, CsUGT78D2, and CsUGT78D2-like, and these residues may determine substrate specificity and high O-glycosylation activity toward DMEP. Our results provide an effective route for one-step synthesis of GDMEP. Identification of the key residues and entrances of glycosyltransferases will promote precise identification of glycosyltransferase biocatalysts for novel substrates and provide a rational basis for glycosyltransferase engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Zhi Jia
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Li-Wen Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Xudong Qu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Shengying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yuemao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Qingsheng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Youming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yue-Zhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Ya-Jie Tang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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30
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Xiao X, Lu Q, Liu R, Gong J, Gong W, Liu A, Ge Q, Li J, Shang H, Li P, Deng X, Li S, Zhang Q, Niu D, Chen Q, Shi Y, Zhang H, Yuan Y. Genome-wide characterization of the UDP-glycosyltransferase gene family in upland cotton. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:453. [PMID: 31832300 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1984-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) involved in many metabolic processes are ubiquitous in plants, animals, microorganisms and other organisms and are essential for their growth and development. Upland cotton contains a large number of UGT genes. In this study, we aimed to identify UGT family members in the genome of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and analyze their expression patterns. Bioinformatics methods were used to identify UGT genes from the whole genome of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. acc. TM-1). Phylogenetic analysis was conducted based on alignment of UGT proteins from upland cotton, and the gene structure, motif and chromosome localization were analyzed for the H subgroup of the UGT family. And the physical and chemical properties and expressions of the genes in the H subgroup of this family were also analyzed. A total of 274 UGT genes were identified from the whole genome of upland cotton and were divided into nine subgroups based on phylogenetic analyses. In subgroup H, 36 genes were distributed on 18 chromosomes. The subfamily genes were simple in the structure, 19 of its members contained two introns, and the others contained only one intron. The qRT-PCR results and transcriptomic data indicated that most of the genes had a wide range of tissue expression characteristics. And the phylogenetic analysis results and expression profiles of these genes revealed tissues and different UGT genes from this crop. Taking RNA-seq, RT-qPCR, and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping together, our results suggested that GhUGT6 and GhUGT105 in subgroup H of the GhUGT gene family could be potential candidate genes for cotton yield, and GhUGT16, GhUGT103 might play a vital role in fiber development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Xiao
- 1College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- 2State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Quanwei Lu
- 2State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- 3School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Ruixian Liu
- 2State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Juwu Gong
- 2State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Wankui Gong
- 2State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Aiying Liu
- 2State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Qun Ge
- 2State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Junwen Li
- 2State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Haihong Shang
- 2State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Pengtao Li
- 2State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- 3School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Xiaoying Deng
- 2State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Shaoqi Li
- 2State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- 2State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Doudou Niu
- 2State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Quanjia Chen
- 1College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yuzhen Shi
- 2State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- 1College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Youlu Yuan
- 1College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- 2State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
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Zheng R, Zhu Z, Wang Y, Hu S, Xi W, Xiao W, Qu X, Zhong L, Fu Q, Wang C. UGT85A84 Catalyzes the Glycosylation of Aromatic Monoterpenes in Osmanthus fragrans Lour. Flowers. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1376. [PMID: 31849999 PMCID: PMC6902048 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The monoterpenes linalool and its oxides are the key aroma-active compounds in Osmanthus fragrans Lour. flowers. The glycosides of these monoterpenes accumulate throughout flowering, leading to considerable storage of potential aroma constituents that account for the majority of non-volatile aroma compounds. However, the UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) responsible for the glycosylation of linalool and its oxides has not been clarified. Four candidate OfUGTs (UGT85A82, UGT85A83, UGT85AF3, and UGT85A84) with high homology to the known terpenoid UGTs were screened by transcriptome sequencing. Over-expression of the candidate OfUGTs in tobacco showed that UGT85A84 glycosylated linalool oxides in planta. Since the transcript levels of UGT85A84 were positively correlated with glycoside accumulation, the recombinant UGT85A84 protein was subjected to reactions with aglycones and sugar donors. Two formate adducts were exclusively detected in UDP-Glc with linalool and linalool oxide reactions by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), indicating that UDP-Glc was the specific sugar donor. The kinetic parameters demonstrated that UGT85A84 glycosylated both linalool and lianlool oxides in vitro. Further analysis demonstrated that the transcription levels of MEP pathway genes might play an important role in mediating terpenoid glycosylation. Our findings unraveled the mechanism underlying the glycosylation of essential aroma compounds in flowers. This study will facilitate the application of potential aroma contributors in future industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riru Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenyin Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiyang Hu
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Wan Xi
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaolu Qu
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Linlin Zhong
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Caiyun Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
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Ohmic heating for processing of whey-raspberry flavored beverage. Food Chem 2019; 297:125018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Mhamdi A. Keep Sugar Away to Stay Active: Glycosylation of Methyl Salicylate Shuts Down Systemic Signaling. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 180:1784-1785. [PMID: 31366701 PMCID: PMC6670091 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amna Mhamdi
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, and VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
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Novel biotechnological glucosylation of high-impact aroma chemicals, 3(2H)- and 2(5H)-furanones. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10943. [PMID: 31358872 PMCID: PMC6662797 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47514-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucosyltransferases are versatile biocatalysts to chemically modify small molecules and thus enhance their water solubility and structural stability. Although the genomes of all organisms harbor a multitude of glucosyltransferase genes, their functional characterization is hampered by the lack of high-throughput in-vivo systems to rapidly test the versatility of the encoded proteins. We have developed and applied a high-throughput whole cell biotransformation system to screen a plant glucosyltransferase library. As proof of principle, we identified 25, 24, 15, and 18 biocatalysts transferring D-glucose to sotolone, maple furanone, furaneol and homofuraneol, four highly appreciated flavor compounds, respectively. Although these 3(2H)- and 2(5H)-furanones have extremely low odor thresholds their glucosides were odorless. Upscaling of the biotechnological process yielded titers of 5.3 and 7.2 g/L for the new to nature β-D-glucopyranosides of sotolone and maple furanone, respectively. Consequently, plant glucosyltransferase show stunning catalytic activities, which enable the economical production of novel and unexplored chemicals with exciting new functionalities by whole-cell biotransformation.
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Snoeck S, Pavlidi N, Pipini D, Vontas J, Dermauw W, Van Leeuwen T. Substrate specificity and promiscuity of horizontally transferred UDP-glycosyltransferases in the generalist herbivore Tetranychus urticae. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 109:116-127. [PMID: 30978500 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) catalyze the addition of UDP-sugars to small hydrophobic molecules, turning them into more water-soluble metabolites. While their role in detoxification is well documented for vertebrates, arthropod UGTs have only recently been linked to the detoxification and sequestration of plant toxins and insecticides. The two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae is a generalist herbivore notorious for rapidly developing resistance to insecticides and acaricides. We identified a set of eight UGT genes that were overexpressed in mites upon long-term acclimation or adaptation to a new host plant and/or in mite strains highly resistant to acaricides. Functional expression revealed that they were all catalytically active and that the majority preferred UDP-glucose as activated donor for glycosylation of model substrates. A high-throughput substrate screening of both plant secondary metabolites and pesticides revealed patterns of both substrate specificity and promiscuity. We further selected nine enzyme-substrate combinations for more comprehensive analysis and determined steady-state kinetic parameters. Among others, plant metabolites such as capsaicin and several flavonoids were shown to be glycosylated. The acaricide abamectin was also glycosylated by two UGTs and one of these was also overexpressed in an abamectin resistant strain. Our study corroborates the potential role of T. urticae UGTs in detoxification of both synthetic and natural xenobiotic compounds and paves the way for rapid substrate screening of arthropod UGTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Snoeck
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Nena Pavlidi
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1908 XH, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Dimitra Pipini
- Instiute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology (FORTH), University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, 70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Pesticide Science Laboratory, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece.
| | - John Vontas
- Instiute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology (FORTH), University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, 70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
| | - Wannes Dermauw
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Thomas Van Leeuwen
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium; Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1908 XH, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Wen X, Erşan S, Li M, Wang K, Steingass CB, Schweiggert RM, Ni Y, Carle R. Physicochemical characteristics and phytochemical profiles of yellow and red Physalis (Physalis alkekengi L. and P. pubescens L.) fruits cultivated in China. Food Res Int 2019; 120:389-398. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Jing T, Zhang N, Gao T, Zhao M, Jin J, Chen Y, Xu M, Wan X, Schwab W, Song C. Glucosylation of (Z)-3-hexenol informs intraspecies interactions in plants: A case study in Camellia sinensis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:1352-1367. [PMID: 30421786 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants emit a variety of volatiles in response to herbivore attack, and (Z)-3-hexenol and its glycosides have been shown to function as defence compounds. Although the ability to incorporate and convert (Z)-3-hexenol to glycosides is widely conserved in plants, the enzymes responsible for the glycosylation of (Z)-3-hexenol remained unknown until today. In this study, uridine-diphosphate-dependent glycosyltransferase (UGT) candidate genes were selected by correlation analysis and their response to airborne (Z)-3-hexenol, which has been shown to be taken up by the tea plant. The allelic proteins UGT85A53-1 and UGT85A53-2 showed the highest activity towards (Z)-3-hexenol and are distinct from UGT85A53-3, which displayed a similar catalytic efficiency for (Z)-3-hexenol and nerol. A single amino acid exchange E59D enhanced the activity towards (Z)-3-hexenol, whereas a L445M mutation reduced the catalytic activity towards all substrates tested. Transient overexpression of CsUGT85A53-1 in tobacco significantly increased the level of (Z)-3-hexenyl glucoside. The functional characterization of CsUGT85A53 as a (Z)-3-hexenol UGT not only provides the foundation for the biotechnological production of (Z)-3-hexenyl glucoside but also delivers insights for the development of novel insect pest control strategies in tea plant and might be generally applicable to other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Na Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ting Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mingyue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jieyang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yongxian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Miaojing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaochun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wilfried Schwab
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Chuankui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
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38
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Wu B, Cao X, Liu H, Zhu C, Klee H, Zhang B, Chen K. UDP-glucosyltransferase PpUGT85A2 controls volatile glycosylation in peach. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:925-936. [PMID: 30481327 PMCID: PMC6363097 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The monoterpene linalool is a major contributor to aroma and flavor in peach (Prunus persica) fruit. It accumulates during fruit ripening, where up to ~40% of the compound is present in a non-volatile glycosylated form, which affects flavor quality and consumer perception by retronasal perception during tasting. Despite the importance of this sequestration to flavor, the UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) responsible for linalool glycosylation has not been identified in peach. UGT gene expression during peach fruit ripening and among different peach cultivars was analyzed using RNA sequencing, and transcripts correlated with linalyl-β-d-glucoside were selected as candidates for functional analysis. Kinetic resolution of a racemic mixture of R,S-linalool was shown for PpUGT85A2, with a slight preference for S-(+)-linalool. PpUGT85A2 was shown to catalyze synthesis of linalyl-β-d-glucoside in vitro, although it did not exhibit the highest enzyme activity between tested substrates. Subcellular localization of PpUGT85A2 in the cytoplasm and nucleus was detected. Application of linalool to peach leaf disks promoted PpUGT85A2 expression and linalyl-β-d-glucoside generation. Transient expression in peach fruit and stable overexpression in tobacco and Arabidopsis resulted in significant accumulation of linalyl-β-d-glucoside in vivo. Taken together, the results indicate that PpUGT85A2 expression is a major control point predicting linalyl-β-d-glucoside content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boping Wu
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiangmei Cao
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Hongru Liu
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Changqing Zhu
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Harry Klee
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, PR China
- Horticultural Sciences, Plant Innovation Center, Genetic Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, PR China
- Correspondence:
| | - Kunsong Chen
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, PR China
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Haugeneder A, Trinkl J, Härtl K, Hoffmann T, Allwood JW, Schwab W. Answering biological questions by analysis of the strawberry metabolome. Metabolomics 2018; 14:145. [PMID: 30830391 PMCID: PMC6394451 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-018-1441-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The qualitative and quantitative analysis of all low molecular weight metabolites within a biological sample, known as the metabolome, provides powerful insights into their roles in biological systems and processes. The study of all the chemical structures, concentrations, and interactions of the thousands of metabolites is called metabolomics. However present state of the art methods and equipment can only analyse a small portion of the numerous, structurally diverse groups of chemical substances found in biological samples, especially with respect to samples of plant origin with their huge diversity of secondary metabolites. Nevertheless, metabolite profiling and fingerprinting techniques have been applied to the analysis of the strawberry metabolome since their early beginnings. AIM The application of metabolomics and metabolite profiling approaches within strawberry research was last reviewed in 2011. Here, we aim to summarize the latest results from research of the strawberry metabolome since its last review with a special emphasis on studies that address specific biological questions. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS Analysis of strawberry, and other fruits, requires a plethora of analytical methods and approaches encompassing the analysis of primary and secondary metabolites, as well as capturing and quantifying volatile compounds that are related to aroma as well as fruit development, function and plant-to-plant communication. The success and longevity of metabolite and volatile profiling approaches in fruit breeding relies upon the ability of the approach to uncover biologically meaningful insights. The key concepts that must be addressed and are reviewed include: gene function analysis and genotype comparison, analysis of environmental effects and plant protection, screening for bioactive compounds for food and non-food uses, fruit development and physiology as well as fruit sensorial quality. In future, the results will facilitate fruit breeding due to the identification of metabolic QTLs and candidate genes for fruit quality and consumer preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Haugeneder
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Johanna Trinkl
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Katja Härtl
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas Hoffmann
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - James William Allwood
- Environmental and Biochemical Sciences Group, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, Scotland, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Wilfried Schwab
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354, Freising, Germany.
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40
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Song C, Härtl K, McGraphery K, Hoffmann T, Schwab W. Attractive but Toxic: Emerging Roles of Glycosidically Bound Volatiles and Glycosyltransferases Involved in Their Formation. MOLECULAR PLANT 2018; 11:1225-1236. [PMID: 30223041 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants emit an overabundance of volatile compounds, which act in their producers either as appreciated attractants to lure beneficial animals or as repellent toxins to deter pests in a species-specific and concentration-dependent manner. Plants have evolved solutions to provide sufficient volatiles without poisoning themselves. Uridine-diphosphate sugar-dependent glycosyltransferases (UGTs) acting on volatiles is one important part of this sophisticated system, which balances the levels of bioactive metabolites and prepares them for cellular and long-distance transport and storage but enables the remobilization of disarmed toxins for the benefit of plant protection. This review provides an overview of the research history of glycosidically bound volatiles (GBVs), a relatively new group of plant secondary metabolites, and discusses the role of UGTs in the production of GBVs for plant protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuankui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, West Changjiang Road, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Katja Härtl
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, Freising 85354, Germany
| | - Kate McGraphery
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, Freising 85354, Germany
| | - Thomas Hoffmann
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, Freising 85354, Germany
| | - Wilfried Schwab
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, West Changjiang Road, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China; Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, Freising 85354, Germany.
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41
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Yamada A, Ishiuchi K, Makino T, Mizukami H, Terasaka K. A glucosyltransferase specific for 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone in strawberry. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 83:1-8. [PMID: 30269657 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1524706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
4-Hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone (HDMF) is a key aroma compound in Fragaria × ananassa (strawberry). A considerable amount of HDMF is converted into HDMF β-D-glucoside and accumulated in mature strawberry fruits. Here we isolated a novel UDP-glucose: HDMF glucosyltransferase, UGT85K16 from Fragaria × ananassa. UGT85K16 preferentially glucosylated the hydroxyl group of HDMF and its structural analogs. Although UGT85K16 also catalyzed the glucosylation of vanillin, its affinity and efficiency toward HDMF was higher. The expression of UGT85K16 mRNA correlated with the accumulation of HDMF and its glucoside in Fragaria × ananassa plants. These results suggest that UGT85K16 might be UDP-glucose: HDMF glucosyltransferase in strawberries. ABBREVIATIONS DMMF: 2,5-dimethyl-4-methoxy-3(2H)-furanone; EHMF: 2(5)-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5(2)-methyl-3(2H)-furanone; GBV: glycosidically bound volatile; HDMF: 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone; HMF: 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone; HMMF: 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-2-methylene-3(2H)-furanone; PSPG: Plant secondary product glycosyltransferase; RT-PCR: reverse transcription-PCR; OMT: O-methyltransferase; UGT: UDP-glycosyltransferase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aki Yamada
- a Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Nagoya City University , Nagoya City , Japan
| | - Kan'ichiro Ishiuchi
- a Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Nagoya City University , Nagoya City , Japan
| | - Toshiaki Makino
- a Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Nagoya City University , Nagoya City , Japan
| | - Hajime Mizukami
- b The Kochi Prefectural Makino Botanical Garden , Kochi , Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Terasaka
- a Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Nagoya City University , Nagoya City , Japan
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Li Y, Lin HX, Wang J, Yang J, Lai CJS, Wang X, Ma BW, Tang JF, Li Y, Li XL, Guo J, Gao W, Huang LQ. Glucosyltransferase Capable of Catalyzing the Last Step in Neoandrographolide Biosynthesis. Org Lett 2018; 20:5999-6002. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, P. R. China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Xin Lin
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
| | - Jian Yang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Jiang-Sheng Lai
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
| | - Xing Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Bao-Wei Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Fu Tang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
| | - Yong Li
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Lin Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Juan Guo
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
| | - Wei Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Lu-Qi Huang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, P. R. China
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43
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Zhang Y, Yin X, Xiao Y, Zhang Z, Li S, Liu X, Zhang B, Yang X, Grierson D, Jiang G, Klee HJ, Chen K. An ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR-MYB Transcription Complex Regulates Furaneol Biosynthesis by Activating QUINONE OXIDOREDUCTASE Expression in Strawberry. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 178:189-201. [PMID: 29987002 PMCID: PMC6130037 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
4-Hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone is a major contributor to the aroma of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) fruit, and the last step in its biosynthesis is catalyzed by strawberry quinone oxidoreductase (FaQR). Here, an ethylene response factor (FaERF#9) was characterized as a positive regulator of the FaQR promoter. Linear regression analysis indicated that FaERF#9 transcript levels were correlated significantly with both FaQR transcripts and furanone content in different strawberry cultivars. Transient overexpression of FaERF#9 in strawberry fruit significantly increased FaQR expression and furaneol production. Yeast one-hybrid assays, however, indicated that FaERF#9 by itself did not bind to the FaQR promoter. An MYB transcription factor (FaMYB98) identified in yeast one-hybrid screening of the strawberry cDNA library was capable of both binding to the promoter and activating the transcription of FaQR by ∼5.6-fold. Yeast two-hybrid assay and bimolecular fluorescence complementation confirmed a direct protein-protein interaction between FaERF#9 and FaMYB98, and in combination, they activated the FaQR promoter 14-fold in transactivation assays. These results indicate that an ERF-MYB complex containing FaERF#9 and FaMYB98 activates the FaQR promoter and up-regulates 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone biosynthesis in strawberry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueren Yin
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuwei Xiao
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuying Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaojia Li
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofen Liu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofang Yang
- Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, People's Republic of China
| | - Donald Grierson
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, United Kingdom
| | - Guihua Jiang
- Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, People's Republic of China
| | - Harry J Klee
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- Horticultural Sciences, Plant Innovation Center, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Kunsong Chen
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
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44
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Mellors TR, Rees CA, Franchina FA, Burklund A, Patel C, Hathaway LJ, Hill JE. The volatile molecular profiles of seven Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1096:208-213. [PMID: 30179753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the volatile molecule profile of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes was evaluated using solid phase microextraction (SPME) and two dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOFMS). Here, seven serotypes (6B, 14, 15, 18C, 19F, 9V, and 23F) were analyzed in an isogenic background. We identified 13 core molecules associated with all seven serotypes, and seven molecules that were differentially produced between serotypes. Serotype 14 was found to have the most distinct volatile profile, and could be discriminated from the other six serotypes in aggregate with an area under the curve (AUC) of 89%. This study suggests that molecules from S. pneumoniae culture headspace show potential for rapid serotype identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore R Mellors
- Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, NH 03755, United States.
| | - Christiaan A Rees
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, 1 Rope Ferry Road, Hanover, NH 03755, United States
| | - Flavio A Franchina
- Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, NH 03755, United States
| | - Alison Burklund
- Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, NH 03755, United States
| | - Chaya Patel
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, 1 Rope Ferry Road, Hanover, NH 03755, United States
| | - Lucy J Hathaway
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jane E Hill
- Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, NH 03755, United States; Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, 1 Rope Ferry Road, Hanover, NH 03755, United States
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45
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Use of 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3(2H)-furanone in preventing oxidation during fat frying of potato chips and baking of croissants. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-018-9735-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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46
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Gao J, Wu BP, Gao LX, Liu HR, Zhang B, Sun CD, Chen KS. Glycosidically bound volatiles as affected by ripening stages of Satsuma mandarin fruit. Food Chem 2018; 240:1097-1105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.07.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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47
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Lu H, Ban Z, Wang K, Li D, Li D, Poverenov E, Li L, Luo Z. Aroma volatiles, sensory and chemical attributes of strawberry (Fragaria
× ananassa
Duch.) achenes and receptacle. Int J Food Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Lu
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science; Zhejiang University; Yuhangtang road 866 310058 Hangzhou China
| | - Zhaojun Ban
- School of Biological and chemical Engineering/School of Light Industry; Zhejiang University of Science and Technology; Liuhe road 318 310058 Hangzhou China
| | - Kaidi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science; Zhejiang University; Yuhangtang road 866 310058 Hangzhou China
| | - Dong Li
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science; Zhejiang University; Yuhangtang road 866 310058 Hangzhou China
| | - Dongdong Li
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science; Zhejiang University; Yuhangtang road 866 310058 Hangzhou China
| | - Elena Poverenov
- Department of Postharvest Science; ARO; The Volcani Center; Rishon LeZion 7505101 Israel
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science; Zhejiang University; Yuhangtang road 866 310058 Hangzhou China
| | - Zisheng Luo
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science; Zhejiang University; Yuhangtang road 866 310058 Hangzhou China
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48
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Collu G, Farci D, Esposito F, Pintus F, Kirkpatrick J, Piano D. New insights into the operative network of FaEO, an enone oxidoreductase from Fragaria x ananassa Duch. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 94:125-136. [PMID: 28283921 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-017-0597-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The 2-methylene-furan-3-one reductase or Fragaria x ananassa Enone Oxidoreductase (FaEO) catalyses the last reductive step in the biosynthesis of 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone, a major component in the characteristic flavour of strawberries. In the present work, we describe the association between FaEO and the vacuolar membrane of strawberry fruits. Even if FaEO lacks epitopes for stable or transient membrane-interactions, it contains a calmodulin-binding region, suggesting that in vivo FaEO may be associated with the membrane via a peripheral protein complex with calmodulin. Moreover, we also found that FaEO occurs in dimeric form in vivo and, as frequently observed for calmodulin-regulated proteins, it may be expressed in different isoforms by alternative gene splicing. Further mass spectrometry analysis confirmed that the isolated FaEO consists in the already known isoform and that it is the most characteristic during ripening. Finally, a characterization by absorption spectroscopy showed that FaEO has specific flavoprotein features. The relevance of these findings and their possible physiological implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Collu
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Photobiology, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, V.le S. Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Domenica Farci
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Photobiology, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, V.le S. Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123, Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Molecular Sensory Systems, Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar), Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, 52175, Bonn, Germany
| | - Francesca Esposito
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Francesca Pintus
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Joanna Kirkpatrick
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Beutebergstraβe 11, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Dario Piano
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Photobiology, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, V.le S. Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123, Cagliari, Italy.
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49
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Differences in salicylic acid glucose conjugations by UGT74F1 and UGT74F2 from Arabidopsis thaliana. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46629. [PMID: 28425481 PMCID: PMC5397973 DOI: 10.1038/srep46629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) is a signaling molecule utilized by plants in response to various stresses. Through conjugation with small organic molecules such as glucose, an inactive form of SA is generated which can be transported into and stored in plant vacuoles. In the model organism Arabidopsis thaliana, SA glucose conjugates are formed by two homologous enzymes (UGT74F1 and UGT74F2) that transfer glucose from UDP-glucose to SA. Despite being 77% identical and with conserved active site residues, these enzymes catalyze the formation of different products: UGT74F1 forms salicylic acid glucoside (SAG), while UGT74F2 forms primarily salicylic acid glucose ester (SGE). The position of the glucose on the aglycone determines how SA is stored, further metabolized, and contributes to a defense response. We determined the crystal structures of the UGT74F2 wild-type and T15S mutant enzymes, in different substrate/product complexes. On the basis of the crystal structures and the effect on enzyme activity of mutations in the SA binding site, we propose the catalytic mechanism of SGE and SAG formation and that SA binds to the active site in two conformations, with each enzyme selecting a certain binding mode of SA. Additionally, we show that two threonines are key determinants of product specificity.
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50
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Wu B, Gao L, Gao J, Xu Y, Liu H, Cao X, Zhang B, Chen K. Genome-Wide Identification, Expression Patterns, and Functional Analysis of UDP Glycosyltransferase Family in Peach ( Prunus persica L. Batsch). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:389. [PMID: 28382047 PMCID: PMC5360731 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) is a commercial grown fruit trees, important because of its essential nutrients and flavor promoting secondary metabolites. The glycosylation processes mediated by UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) play an important role in regulating secondary metabolites availability. Identification and characterization of peach UGTs is therefore a research priority. A total of 168 peach UGT genes that distributed unevenly across chromosomes were identified based on their conserved PSPG motifs. Phylogenetic analysis of these genes with plant UGTs clustered them into 16 groups (A-P). Comparison of the patterns of intron-extron and their positions within genes revealed one highly conserved intron insertion event in peach UGTs. Tissue specificity, temporal expression patterns in peach fruit during development and ripening, and in response to abiotic stress UV-B irradiation was investigated using RNA-seq strategy. The relationship between UGTs transcript levels and concentrations of glycosylated volatiles was examined to select candidates for functional analysis. Heterologous expressing these candidate genes in Escherichia coli identified UGTs that were involved in the in vitro volatile glycosylation. Our results provide an important source for the identification of functional UGT genes to potential manipulate secondary biosynthesis in peach.
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