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Yu Y, He RR, Yang L, Feng YZ, Xue J, Liu Q, Zhou YF, Lei MQ, Zhang YC, Lian JP, Chen YQ. A transthyretin-like protein acts downstream of miR397 and LACCASE to regulate grain yield in rice. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:2893-2907. [PMID: 38735686 PMCID: PMC11289628 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Increasing grain yield is a major goal of breeders due to the rising global demand for food. We previously reported that the miR397-LACCASE (OsLAC) module regulates brassinosteroid (BR) signaling and grain yield in rice (Oryza sativa). However, the precise roles of laccase enzymes in the BR pathway remain unclear. Here, we report that OsLAC controls grain yield by preventing the turnover of TRANSTHYRETIN-LIKE (OsTTL), a negative regulator of BR signaling. Overexpressing OsTTL decreased BR sensitivity in rice, while loss-of-function of OsTTL led to enhanced BR signaling and increased grain yield. OsLAC directly binds to OsTTL and regulates its phosphorylation-mediated turnover. The phosphorylation site Ser226 of OsTTL is essential for its ubiquitination and degradation. Overexpressing the dephosphorylation-mimic form of OsTTL (OsTTLS226A) resulted in more severe defects than did overexpressing OsTTL. These findings provide insight into the role of an ancient laccase in BR signaling and suggest that the OsLAC-OsTTL module could serve as a target for improving grain yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of South China Modern Biological Seed Industry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Rui-Rui He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Lu Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Zhao Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of South China Modern Biological Seed Industry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Jiao Xue
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of South China Modern Biological Seed Industry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Qing Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Fei Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Meng-Qi Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Chan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Ping Lian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Qin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
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Simko I, Mamo BE, Foster CE, Adhikari ND, Subbarao KV. Host cell wall composition and localized microenvironment implicated in resistance to basal stem degradation by lettuce drop (Sclerotinia minor). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:717. [PMID: 39069632 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05399-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sclerotinia spp. are generalist fungal pathogens, infecting over 700 plant hosts worldwide, including major crops. While host resistance is the most sustainable and cost-effective method for disease management, complete resistance to Sclerotinia diseases is rare. We recently identified soft basal stem as a potential susceptibility factor to Sclerotinia minor infection in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) under greenhouse conditions. RESULTS Analysis of stem and root cell wall composition in five L. sativa and one L. serriola accessions with varying growth habits and S. minor resistance levels revealed strong association between hemicellulose constituents, lignin polymers, disease phenotypes, and basal stem mechanical strength. Accessions resistant to basal stem degradation consistently exhibited higher levels of syringyl, guaiacyl, and xylose, but lower levels of fucose in stems. These findings suggest that stem cell wall polymers recalcitrant to breakdown by lignocellulolytic enzymes may contribute to stem strength-mediated resistance against S. minor. CONCLUSIONS The lignin content, particularly guaiacyl and syringyl, along with xylose could potentially serve as biomarkers for identifying more resistant lettuce accessions and breeding lines. Basal stem degradation by S. minor was influenced by localized microenvironment conditions around the stem base of the plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Simko
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Sam Farr United States Crop Improvement and Protection Research Center, Salinas, CA, 93905, USA.
| | - Bullo Erena Mamo
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, c/o Sam Farr United States Crop Improvement and Protection Research Center, Salinas, CA, 93905, USA
- Present address: Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Clifton E Foster
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Present address: Pace Analytical, Wixom, MI, 48393, USA
| | - Neil D Adhikari
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Sam Farr United States Crop Improvement and Protection Research Center, Salinas, CA, 93905, USA
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, c/o Sam Farr United States Crop Improvement and Protection Research Center, Salinas, CA, 93905, USA
- Present address: California Department of Public Health, Sacramento, CA, 95814, USA
| | - Krishna V Subbarao
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, c/o Sam Farr United States Crop Improvement and Protection Research Center, Salinas, CA, 93905, USA.
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Cheng T, Ren C, Xu J, Wang H, Wen B, Zhao Q, Zhang W, Yu G, Zhang Y. Genome-wide analysis of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) laccase gene family and its functions in response to abiotic stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:688. [PMID: 39026161 PMCID: PMC11264805 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05385-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laccase (LAC) gene family plays a pivotal role in plant lignin biosynthesis and adaptation to various stresses. Limited research has been conducted on laccase genes in common beans. RESULTS 29 LAC gene family members were identified within the common bean genome, distributed unevenly in 9 chromosomes. These members were divided into 6 distinct subclades by phylogenetic analysis. Further phylogenetic analyses and synteny analyses indicated that considerable gene duplication and loss presented throughout the evolution of the laccase gene family. Purified selection was shown to be the major evolutionary force through Ka / Ks. Transcriptional changes of PvLAC genes under low temperature and salt stress were observed, emphasizing the regulatory function of these genes in such conditions. Regulation by abscisic acid and gibberellins appears to be the case for PvLAC3, PvLAC4, PvLAC7, PvLAC13, PvLAC14, PvLAC18, PvLAC23, and PvLAC26, as indicated by hormone induction experiments. Additionally, the regulation of PvLAC3, PvLAC4, PvLAC7, and PvLAC14 in response to nicosulfuron and low-temperature stress were identified by virus-induced gene silence, which demonstrated inhibition on growth and development in common beans. CONCLUSIONS The research provides valuable genetic resources for improving the resistance of common beans to abiotic stresses and enhance the understanding of the functional roles of the LAC gene family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Cheng
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chunyuan Ren
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jinghan Xu
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Huamei Wang
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bowen Wen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Gaobo Yu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Yuxian Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China.
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China.
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Ma T, Ma L, Wei R, Xu L, Ma Y, Chen Z, Dang J, Ma S, Li S. Physiology, Biochemistry, and Transcriptomics Jointly Reveal the Phytotoxicity Mechanism of Acetochlor on Pisum sativum L. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38988284 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Acetochlor, as a commonly used pre-emergent herbicide, can be toxic to crops and affect production if used improperly. However, the toxic mechanism of acetochlor on plants is not fully understood. The present study used a combination of transcriptomic analysis and physiological measurements to investigate the effects of short-term (15-day) exposure to different concentrations of acetochlor (1, 10, 20 mg/kg) on the morphology, physiology, and transcriptional levels of pea seedlings, aiming to elucidate the toxic response and resistance mechanisms in pea seedlings under herbicide stress. The results showed that the toxicity of acetochlor to pea seedlings was dose-dependent, manifested as dwarfing and stem base browning with increasing concentrations, especially at 10 mg/kg and above. Analysis of the antioxidant system showed that from the 1 mg/kg treatment, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and glutathione peroxidase in peas increased with increasing concentrations of acetochlor, indicating oxidative damage. Analysis of the glutathione (GSH) metabolism system showed that under 10 mg/kg treatment, the GSH content of pea plants significantly increased, and GSH transferase activity and gene expression were significantly induced, indicating a detoxification response in plants. Transcriptomic analysis showed that after acetochlor treatment, differentially expressed genes in peas were significantly enriched in the phenylpropane metabolic pathway, and the levels of key metabolites (flavonoids and lignin) were increased. In addition, we found that acetochlor-induced dwarfing of pea seedlings may be related to gibberellin signal transduction. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;00:1-15. © 2024 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingfeng Ma
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Ma
- Agronomy College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruonan Wei
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Xu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yantong Ma
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhong Dang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoying Ma
- Laboratory and Practice Base Management Center, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
- Agronomy College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
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Lou T, Lv S, Wang J, Wang D, Lin K, Zhang X, Zhang B, Guo Z, Yi Z, Li Y. Cell size and xylem differentiation regulating genes from Salicornia europaea contribute to plant salt tolerance. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:2640-2659. [PMID: 38558078 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Cell wall is involved in plant growth and plays pivotal roles in plant adaptation to environmental stresses. Cell wall remodelling may be crucial to salt adaptation in the euhalophyte Salicornia europaea. However, the mechanism underlying this process is still unclear. Here, full-length transcriptome indicated cell wall-related genes were comprehensively regulated under salinity. The morphology and cell wall components in S. europaea shoot were largely modified under salinity. Through the weighted gene co-expression network analysis, SeXTH2 encoding xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases, and two SeLACs encoding laccases were focused. Meanwhile, SeEXPB was focused according to expansin activity and the expression profiling. Function analysis in Arabidopsis validated the functions of these genes in enhancing salt tolerance. SeXTH2 and SeEXPB overexpression led to larger cells and leaves with hemicellulose and pectin content alteration. SeLAC1 and SeLAC2 overexpression led to more xylem vessels, increased secondary cell wall thickness and lignin content. Notably, SeXTH2 transgenic rice exhibited enhanced salt tolerance and higher grain yield. Altogether, these genes may function in the succulence and lignification process in S. europaea. This work throws light on the regulatory mechanism of cell wall remodelling in S. europaea under salinity and provides potential strategies for improving crop salt tolerance and yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengxue Lou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of In Vitro Diagnostic Reagent, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Sulian Lv
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Duoliya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kangqi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zijing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ze Yi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yinxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
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Jiao J, Zheng H, Zhou X, Huang Y, Niu Q, Ke L, Tang S, Liu H, Sun Y. The functions of laccase gene GhLAC15 in fiber colouration and development in brown-colored cotton. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14415. [PMID: 38962818 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The monotonicity of color type in naturally colored cottons (NCCs) has become the main limiting factor to their widespread use, simultaneously coexisting with poor fiber quality. The synchronous improvement of fiber quality and color become more urgent and crucial as the demand for sustainable development increases. The homologous gene of wild cotton Gossypium stocksii LAC15 in G. hirsutum, GhLAC15, was also dominantly expressed in the developing fibers of brown cotton XC20 from 5 DPA (day post anthesis) to 25 DPA, especially at the secondary cell wall thickening stage (20 DPA and 25 DPA). In XC20 plants with downregulated GhLAC15 (GhLAC15i), a remarkable reduction in proanthocyanidins (PAs) and lignin contents was observed. Some of the key genes in the phenylpropane and flavonoid biosynthesis pathway were down-regulated in GhLAC15i plants. Notably, the fiber length of GhLAC15i plants showed an obvious increase and the fiber color was lightened. Moreover, we found that the thickness of cotton fiber cell wall was decreased in GhLAC15i plants and the fiber surface became smoother compared to that of WT. Taken together, this study revealed that GhLAC15 played an important role in PAs and lignin biosynthesis in naturally colored cotton fibers. It might mediate fiber color and fiber quality by catalyzing PAs oxidation and lignin polymerization, ultimately regulating fiber colouration and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junye Jiao
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Improvement of Colored Fiber Laboratory, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hongli Zheng
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Improvement of Colored Fiber Laboratory, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
- College of Textile Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xinping Zhou
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Improvement of Colored Fiber Laboratory, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yinshuai Huang
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Improvement of Colored Fiber Laboratory, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qingqing Niu
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Improvement of Colored Fiber Laboratory, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Liping Ke
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Improvement of Colored Fiber Laboratory, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shouwu Tang
- China Colored-cotton (Group) Co., Ltd., China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- China Colored-cotton (Group) Co., Ltd., China
| | - Yuqiang Sun
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Improvement of Colored Fiber Laboratory, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
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7
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Xu E, Liu Y, Gu D, Zhan X, Li J, Zhou K, Zhang P, Zou Y. Molecular Mechanisms of Plant Responses to Copper: From Deficiency to Excess. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6993. [PMID: 39000099 PMCID: PMC11240974 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential nutrient for plant growth and development. This metal serves as a constituent element or enzyme cofactor that participates in many biochemical pathways and plays a key role in photosynthesis, respiration, ethylene sensing, and antioxidant systems. The physiological significance of Cu uptake and compartmentalization in plants has been underestimated, despite the importance of Cu in cellular metabolic processes. As a micronutrient, Cu has low cellular requirements in plants. However, its bioavailability may be significantly reduced in alkaline or organic matter-rich soils. Cu deficiency is a severe and widespread nutritional disorder that affects plants. In contrast, excessive levels of available Cu in soil can inhibit plant photosynthesis and induce cellular oxidative stress. This can affect plant productivity and potentially pose serious health risks to humans via bioaccumulation in the food chain. Plants have evolved mechanisms to strictly regulate Cu uptake, transport, and cellular homeostasis during long-term environmental adaptation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the diverse functions of Cu chelators, chaperones, and transporters involved in Cu homeostasis and their regulatory mechanisms in plant responses to varying Cu availability conditions. Finally, we identified that future research needs to enhance our understanding of the mechanisms regulating Cu deficiency or stress in plants. This will pave the way for improving the Cu utilization efficiency and/or Cu tolerance of crops grown in alkaline or Cu-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ending Xu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Rice Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dongfang Gu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Rice Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xinchun Zhan
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Rice Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Jiyu Li
- Institute of Horticultural Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Kunneng Zhou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Rice Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Peijiang Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Rice Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yu Zou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Rice Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
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8
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Hao Y, Lu F, Pyo SW, Kim MH, Ko JH, Yan X, Ralph J, Li Q. PagMYB128 regulates secondary cell wall formation by direct activation of cell wall biosynthetic genes during wood formation in poplar. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39031878 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
The biosynthesis of cellulose, lignin, and hemicelluloses in plant secondary cell walls (SCWs) is regulated by a hierarchical transcriptional regulatory network. This network features orthologous transcription factors shared between poplar and Arabidopsis, highlighting a foundational similarity in their genetic regulation. However, knowledge on the discrepant behavior of the transcriptional-level molecular regulatory mechanisms between poplar and Arabidopsis remains limited. In this study, we investigated the function of PagMYB128 during wood formation and found it had broader impacts on SCW formation compared to its Arabidopsis ortholog, AtMYB103. Transgenic poplar trees overexpressing PagMYB128 exhibited significantly enhanced xylem development, with fiber cells and vessels displaying thicker walls, and an increase in the levels of cellulose, lignin, and hemicelluloses in the wood. In contrast, plants with dominant repression of PagMYB128 demonstrated the opposite phenotypes. RNA sequencing and reverse transcription - quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that PagMYB128 could activate SCW biosynthetic gene expression, and chromatin immunoprecipitation along with yeast one-hybrid, and effector-reporter assays showed this regulation was direct. Further analysis revealed that PagSND1 (SECONDARY WALL-ASSOCIATED NAC-DOMAIN PROTEIN1) directly regulates PagMYB128 but not cell wall metabolic genes, highlighting the pivotal role of PagMYB128 in the SND1-driven regulatory network for wood development, thereby creating a feedforward loop in SCW biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Fachuang Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, 53726, USA
| | - Seung-Won Pyo
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Korea
| | - Min-Ha Kim
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Korea
| | - Jae-Heung Ko
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Korea
| | - Xiaojing Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - John Ralph
- Department of Biochemistry and DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, 53726, USA
| | - Quanzi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
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9
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Xue JS, Feng YF, Zhang MQ, Xu QL, Xu YM, Shi JQ, Liu LF, Wu XF, Wang S, Yang ZN. The regulatory mechanism of rapid lignification for timely anther dehiscence. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38888227 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Anther dehiscence is a crucial event in plant reproduction, tightly regulated and dependent on the lignification of the anther endothecium. In this study, we investigated the rapid lignification process that ensures timely anther dehiscence in Arabidopsis. Our findings reveal that endothecium lignification can be divided into two distinct phases. During Phase I, lignin precursors are synthesized without polymerization, while Phase II involves simultaneous synthesis of lignin precursors and polymerization. The transcription factors MYB26, NST1/2, and ARF17 specifically regulate the pathway responsible for the synthesis and polymerization of lignin monomers in Phase II. MYB26-NST1/2 is the key regulatory pathway responsible for endothecium lignification, while ARF17 facilitates this process by interacting with MYB26. Interestingly, our results demonstrate that the lignification of the endothecium, which occurs within approximately 26 h, is much faster than that of the vascular tissue. These findings provide valuable insights into the regulation mechanism of rapid lignification in the endothecium, which enables timely anther dehiscence and successful pollen release during plant reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Shi Xue
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Yi-Feng Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ming-Qi Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Qin-Lin Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Ya-Min Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Jun-Qin Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Li-Fang Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Shui Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Zhong-Nan Yang
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
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10
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Wang S, Wang X, Yue L, Li H, Zhu L, Dong Z, Long Y. Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Lignin Synthesis Genes in Maize. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6710. [PMID: 38928419 PMCID: PMC11203529 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Lignin is a crucial substance in the formation of the secondary cell wall in plants. It is widely distributed in various plant tissues and plays a significant role in various biological processes. However, the number of copies, characteristics, and expression patterns of genes involved in lignin biosynthesis in maize are not fully understood. In this study, bioinformatic analysis and gene expression analysis were used to discover the lignin synthetic genes, and two representative maize inbred lines were used for stem strength phenotypic analysis and gene identification. Finally, 10 gene families harboring 117 related genes involved in the lignin synthesis pathway were retrieved in the maize genome. These genes have a high number of copies and are typically clustered on chromosomes. By examining the lignin content of stems and the expression patterns of stem-specific genes in two representative maize inbred lines, we identified three potential stem lodging resistance genes and their interactions with transcription factors. This study provides a foundation for further research on the regulation of lignin biosynthesis and maize lodging resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zhenying Dong
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; (S.W.); (X.W.); (L.Y.); (H.L.); (L.Z.)
| | - Yan Long
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; (S.W.); (X.W.); (L.Y.); (H.L.); (L.Z.)
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11
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Ganguly A, Amin S, Al-Amin, Tasnim Chowdhury F, Khan H, Riazul Islam M. Whole genome resequencing unveils low-temperature stress tolerance specific genomic variations in jute (Corchorus sp.). J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2024; 22:100376. [PMID: 38797551 PMCID: PMC11015510 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2024.100376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Jute (Corchorus sp.), a commercially important and eco-friendly crop, is widely cultivated in Bangladesh, India, and China. Some varieties of this tropical plant such as the Corchorus olitorius. Variety accession no. 2015 (acc. 2015) has been found to be low-temperature tolerant. The current study was designed to explore the genome-wide variations present in the tolerant plant acc. 2015 in comparison to the sensitive farmer popular variety Corchorus olitorius var. O9897 using the whole genome resequencing technique. Among different variations, intergenic Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPs) and Insertion-Deletion (InDels) were found in the highest percentage whereas approximately 3% SNPs and 2% InDels were found in exonic regions in both plants. Gene enrichment analysis indicated the presence of acc. 2015 specific SNPs in the genes encoding peroxidase, ER lumen protein retaining receptor, and hexosyltransferase involved in stress response (GO:0006950) which were not present in sensitive variety O9897. Besides, distinctive copy number variation regions (CNVRs) comprising 120 gene loci were found in acc. 2015 with a gain of function from multiple copy numbers but absent in O9897. Gene ontology analysis revealed these gene loci to possess different receptors like kinases, helicases, phosphatases, transcription factors especially Myb transcription factors, regulatory proteins containing different binding domains, annexin, laccase, acyl carrier protein, potassium transporter, and vesicular transporter proteins that are responsible for low temperature induced adaptation pathways in plants. This work of identifying genomic variations linked to cold stress tolerance traits will help to develop successful markers that will pave the way to develop genetically modified cold-resistant jute lines for year-round cultivation to meet the demand for a sustainable fiber crop economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athoi Ganguly
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shaheena Amin
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Science and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Al-Amin
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Farhana Tasnim Chowdhury
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Haseena Khan
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - Mohammad Riazul Islam
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
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12
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Zhang Y, Chen S, Xu L, Chu S, Yan X, Lin L, Wen J, Zheng B, Chen S, Li Q. Transcription factor PagMYB31 positively regulates cambium activity and negatively regulates xylem development in poplar. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:1806-1828. [PMID: 38339982 PMCID: PMC11062435 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Wood formation involves consecutive developmental steps, including cell division of vascular cambium, xylem cell expansion, secondary cell wall (SCW) deposition, and programmed cell death. In this study, we identified PagMYB31 as a coordinator regulating these processes in Populus alba × Populus glandulosa and built a PagMYB31-mediated transcriptional regulatory network. PagMYB31 mutation caused fewer layers of cambial cells, larger fusiform initials, ray initials, vessels, fiber and ray cells, and enhanced xylem cell SCW thickening, showing that PagMYB31 positively regulates cambial cell proliferation and negatively regulates xylem cell expansion and SCW biosynthesis. PagMYB31 repressed xylem cell expansion and SCW thickening through directly inhibiting wall-modifying enzyme genes and the transcription factor genes that activate the whole SCW biosynthetic program, respectively. In cambium, PagMYB31 could promote cambial activity through TRACHEARY ELEMENT DIFFERENTIATION INHIBITORY FACTOR (TDIF)/PHLOEM INTERCALATED WITH XYLEM (PXY) signaling by directly regulating CLAVATA3/ESR-RELATED (CLE) genes, and it could also directly activate WUSCHEL HOMEOBOX RELATED4 (PagWOX4), forming a feedforward regulation. We also observed that PagMYB31 could either promote cell proliferation through the MYB31-MYB72-WOX4 module or inhibit cambial activity through the MYB31-MYB72-VASCULAR CAMBIUM-RELATED MADS2 (VCM2)/PIN-FORMED5 (PIN5) modules, suggesting its role in maintaining the homeostasis of vascular cambium. PagMYB31 could be a potential target to manipulate different developmental stages of wood formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Song Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Linghua Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shimin Chu
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Xiaojing Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Lanying Lin
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Jialong Wen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Poplar Research Center, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Su Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Quanzi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
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13
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Yang H, Jia X, Gao T, Gong S, Xia L, Zhang P, Qi Y, Liu S, Yu Y, Wang W. The CsmiR397a- CsLAC17 module regulates lignin biosynthesis to balance the tenderness and gray blight resistance in young tea shoots. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae085. [PMID: 38799128 PMCID: PMC11116903 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Lignin accumulation can enhance the disease resistance of young tea shoots (Camellia sinensis). It also greatly reduces their tenderness, which indirectly affects the quality and yield of tea. Therefore, the regulation of lignin biosynthesis appears to be an effective way to balance tenderness and disease resistance in young tea shoots. In this study, we identified a laccase gene, CsLAC17, that is induced during tenderness reduction and gray blight infection in young tea shoots. Overexpression of CsLAC17 significantly increased the lignin content in transgenic Arabidopsis, enhancing their resistance to gray blight and decreasing stem tenderness. In addition, we found that CsLAC17 was negatively regulated by the upstream CsmiR397a by 5'-RLM-RACE, dual-luciferase assay, and transient expression in young tea shoots. Interestingly, the expression of CsmiR397a was inhibited during tenderness reduction and gray blight infection of young tea shoots. Overexpression of CsmiR397a reduced lignin accumulation, resulting in decreased resistance to gray blight and increased stem tenderness in transgenic Arabidopsis. Furthermore, the transient overexpression of CsmiR397a and CsLAC17 in tea leaves directly confirms the function of the CsmiR397a-CsLAC17 module in lignin biosynthesis and its effect on disease resistance. These results suggest that the CsmiR397a-CsLAC17 module is involved in balancing tenderness and gray blight resistance in young tea shoots by regulating lignin biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Yang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinyue Jia
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tong Gao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Siyu Gong
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Linxuan Xia
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peiling Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuying Qi
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuyuan Liu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Youben Yu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
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14
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Li D, Zhang H, Zhou Q, Tao Y, Wang S, Wang P, Wang A, Wei C, Liu S. The Laccase Family Gene CsLAC37 Participates in Resistance to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Infection in Tea Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:884. [PMID: 38592904 PMCID: PMC10975366 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Fungal attacks have become a major obstacle in tea plantations. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is one of the most devastating fungal pathogens in tea plantations that can severely affect tea yield and quality. However, the molecular mechanism of resistance genes involved in anthracnose is still largely unknown in tea plants. Here, we found that the laccase gene CsLAC37 was involved in the response to fungal infection based on a transcriptome analysis. The full-length CDS of CsLAC37 was cloned, and its protein sequence had the closest relationship with the Arabidopsis AtLAC15 protein compared to other AtLACs. Tissue-specific expression analysis showed that CsLAC37 had higher expression levels in mature leaves and stems than in the other tissues. Subcellular localization showed that the CsLAC37 protein was predominantly localized in the cell membrane. The expression levels of CsLAC37 were upregulated at different time points under cold, salt, SA, and ABA treatments. qRT-PCR confirmed that CsLAC37 responded to both Pestalotiopsis-like species and C. gloeosporioides infections. Functional validation showed that the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content increased significantly, and POD activity decreased in leaves after antisense oligonucleotide (AsODN) treatment compared to the controls. The results demonstrated that CsLAC37 may play an important role in resistance to anthracnose, and the findings provide a theoretical foundation for molecular breeding of tea varieties with resistance to fungal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dangqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (D.L.); (H.Z.); (Q.Z.); (Y.T.); (P.W.); (A.W.); (C.W.)
| | - Hongxiu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (D.L.); (H.Z.); (Q.Z.); (Y.T.); (P.W.); (A.W.); (C.W.)
| | - Qianqian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (D.L.); (H.Z.); (Q.Z.); (Y.T.); (P.W.); (A.W.); (C.W.)
| | - Yongning Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (D.L.); (H.Z.); (Q.Z.); (Y.T.); (P.W.); (A.W.); (C.W.)
| | - Shuangshuang Wang
- Tea Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China;
| | - Pengke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (D.L.); (H.Z.); (Q.Z.); (Y.T.); (P.W.); (A.W.); (C.W.)
| | - Aoni Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (D.L.); (H.Z.); (Q.Z.); (Y.T.); (P.W.); (A.W.); (C.W.)
| | - Chaoling Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (D.L.); (H.Z.); (Q.Z.); (Y.T.); (P.W.); (A.W.); (C.W.)
| | - Shengrui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (D.L.); (H.Z.); (Q.Z.); (Y.T.); (P.W.); (A.W.); (C.W.)
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15
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Ding Y, Zhang X, Li J, Wang R, Chen J, Kong L, Li X, Yang Z, Zhuang L. Transcriptome-Based Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis Reveals the Photosynthesis Pathway and Hub Genes Involved in Promoting Tiller Growth under Repeated Drought-Rewatering Cycles in Perennial Ryegrass. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:854. [PMID: 38592951 PMCID: PMC10976046 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Drought stress, which often occurs repeatedly across the world, can cause multiple and long-term effects on plant growth. However, the repeated drought-rewatering effects on plant growth remain uncertain. This study was conducted to determine the effects of drought-rewatering cycles on aboveground growth and explore the underlying mechanisms. Perennial ryegrass plants were subjected to three watering regimes: well-watered control (W), two cycles of drought-rewatering (D2R), and one cycle of drought-rewatering (D1R). The results indicated that the D2R treatment increased the tiller number by 40.9% and accumulated 28.3% more aboveground biomass compared with W; whereas the D1R treatment reduced the tiller number by 23.9% and biomass by 42.2% compared to the W treatment. A time-course transcriptome analysis was performed using crown tissues obtained from plants under D2R and W treatments at 14, 17, 30, and 33 days (d). A total number of 2272 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. In addition, an in-depth weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was carried out to investigate the relationship between RNA-seq data and tiller number. The results indicated that DEGs were enriched in photosynthesis-related pathways and were further supported by chlorophyll content measurements. Moreover, tiller-development-related hub genes were identified in the D2R treatment, including F-box/LRR-repeat MAX2 homolog (D3), homeobox-leucine zipper protein HOX12-like (HOX12), and putative laccase-17 (LAC17). The consistency of RNA-seq and qRT-PCR data were validated by high Pearson's correlation coefficients ranging from 0.899 to 0.998. This study can provide a new irrigation management strategy that might increase plant biomass with less water consumption. In addition, candidate photosynthesis and hub genes in regulating tiller growth may provide new insights for drought-resistant breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjia Ding
- College of Agro-Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.D.)
| | - Xiaxiang Zhang
- College of Agro-Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.D.)
| | - Jialei Li
- College of Agro-Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.D.)
| | - Ruying Wang
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Jie Chen
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lingna Kong
- National Experimental Teaching Center for Plant Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhimin Yang
- College of Agro-Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.D.)
| | - Lili Zhuang
- College of Agro-Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.D.)
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16
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Gaddam SR, Sharma A, Trivedi PK. miR397b-LAC2 module regulates cadmium stress response by coordinating root lignification and copper homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133100. [PMID: 38042003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Non-essential heavy metal cadmium (Cd) is toxic to plants and animals. Cadmium affects plant photosynthesis, respiration, and causes water imbalance and may lead to plant death. Cadmium induces toxicity by interfering with the essential metal copper (Cu) homeostasis, which affects plant nutrition. Though root lignin biosynthesis is positively regulated by Cd stress, the underlying mechanisms promoting lignin accumulation and controlling Cd-induced Cu limitation responses are unclear. Here, we elucidated the role of Cu-responsive microRNA (miR397b) in Arabidopsis thaliana plants for Cd stress by targeting the LACCASE2 (LAC2) gene. This study demonstrated the fundamental mechanism of miR397b-mediated Cd stress response by enhancing the lignin content in root tissues. We developed miR397b over-expressing plants, which showed considerable Cd stress tolerance. Plants with knockdown function of LAC2 also showed significant tolerance to Cd stress. miR397b overexpressing and lac2 mutant plants showed root reduction, higher biomass and chlorophyll content, and significantly lower Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). This study demonstrated the miR397b-mediated Cd stress response in Arabidopsis by enhancing the lignin content in root tissues. We conclude that modulation in miR397b can be potentially used for improving plants for Cd tolerance and Cu homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhash Reddy Gaddam
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India; CSIR, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), P.O. CIMAP, Near Kukrail Picnic Spot, Lucknow 226 015, India
| | - Ashish Sharma
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; CSIR, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), P.O. CIMAP, Near Kukrail Picnic Spot, Lucknow 226 015, India
| | - Prabodh Kumar Trivedi
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; CSIR, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), P.O. CIMAP, Near Kukrail Picnic Spot, Lucknow 226 015, India.
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17
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Liu BK, Xv BJ, Si CC, Shi WQ, Ding GZ, Tang LX, Xv M, Shi CY, Liu HJ. Effect of potassium fertilization on storage root number, yield, and appearance quality of sweet potato ( Ipomoea batatas L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1298739. [PMID: 38455375 PMCID: PMC10917953 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1298739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Increasing storage root number is a pivotal approach to enhance both storage root (SR) yield and appearance quality of sweet potato. Here, 2-year field experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of 0 (K0), 120 (K1), 240 (K2), and 360 (K3) kg ha-1 potassium fertilizer (K2O) on lignin metabolism, root growth, storage root yield, and uniformity. The results demonstrated that potassium (K) application led to a decrease in the activities of key enzymes involved in lignin biosynthesis, including phenylalanine deaminase (PAL), 4-coumarate coenzyme A ligase (4-CL), cinnamic acid dehydrogenase (CAD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and peroxidase (POD). This resulted in a significant reduction in lignin and G-type lignin contents in potential SRs compared to K0 treatment within 10-30 days after planting (DAP). BJ553 exhibited a significant decrease in PAL activity, as well as lignin and G-type contents at 10 DAP, whereas YS25 showed delayed effects until 20 DAP. However, the number and distribution of secondary xylem conduits as well as the mid-column diameter area in roots were increased in K2 treatment. Interestingly, K2 treatment exhibited significantly larger potential SR diameter than other treatments at 15, 20, and 25 DAP. At harvest, K2 treatment increased the SR number, the single SR weight, and overall yield greatly compared with K0 treatment, with an average increase of 19.12%, 16.54%, and 16.92% respectively. The increase of SR number in BJ553 was higher than that of YS25. Furthermore, K2 treatment exhibited the lowest coefficient of variation for both SR length and diameter, indicating a higher yield of middle-sized SRs. In general, appropriate potassium application could effectively suppress lignin biosynthesis, leading to a reduction in the degree of pericycle lignification in potential SRs. This promotes an increase in the number of storage roots and ultimately enhances both yield and appearance quality of sweet potato. The effect of potassium fertilizer on lignin metabolism in BJ553 roots was earlier and resulted in a greater increase in the SR number compared to YS25.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben-kui Liu
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Bing-jie Xv
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Cheng-cheng Si
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, China
| | - Wen-qing Shi
- Shandong Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guo-zheng Ding
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Li-xue Tang
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Ming Xv
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chun-yv Shi
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Hong-jvan Liu
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
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18
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Ahlawat YK, Biswal AK, Harun S, Harman-Ware AE, Doeppke C, Sharma N, Joshi CP, Hankoua BB. Heterologous expression of Arabidopsis laccase2, laccase4 and peroxidase52 driven under developing xylem specific promoter DX15 improves saccharification in populus. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2024; 17:5. [PMID: 38218877 PMCID: PMC10787383 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-023-02452-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Secondary cell wall holds considerable potential as it has gained immense momentum to replace the lignocellulosic feedstock into fuels. Lignin one of the components of secondary cell wall tightly holds the polysaccharides thereby enhancing the recalcitrance and complexity in the biomass. Laccases (LAC) and peroxidases (PRX) are the major phenyl-oxidases playing key functions during the polymerization of monolignols into lignin. Yet, the functions of laccase and peroxidases gene families remained largely unknown. Hence, the objective of this conducted study is to understand the role of specific LAC and PRX in Populus wood formation and to further investigate how the altered Lac and Prx expression affects biomass recalcitrance and plant growth. This study of heterologous expression of Arabidopsis Lac and Prx genes was conducted in poplar to avoid any otherwise occurring co-suppression mechanism during the homologous overexpression of highly expressed native genes. In the pursuit of optimizing lignocellulosic biomass for biofuel production, the present study focuses on harnessing the enzymatic potential of Arabidopsis thaliana Laccase2, Laccase4, and Peroxidase52 through heterologous expression. RESULTS We overexpressed selected Arabidopsis laccase2 (AtLac2), laccase4 (AtLac4), and peroxidase52 (AtPrx52) genes, based on their high transcript expression respective to the differentiating xylem tissues in the stem, in hybrid poplar (cv. 717) expressed under the developing xylem tissue-specific promoter, DX15 characterized the transgenic populus for the investigation of growth phenotypes and recalcitrance efficiency. Bioinformatics analyses conducted on AtLac2 and AtLac4 and AtPrx52, revealed the evolutionary relationship between the laccase gene and peroxidase gene homologs, respectively. Transgenic poplar plant lines overexpressing the AtLac2 gene (AtLac2-OE) showed an increase in plant height without a change in biomass yield as compared to the controls; whereas, AtLac4-OE and AtPrx52-OE transgenic lines did not show any such observable growth phenotypes compared to their respective controls. The changes in the levels of lignin content and S/G ratios in the transgenic poplar resulted in a significant increase in the saccharification efficiency as compared to the control plants. CONCLUSIONS Overall, saccharification efficiency was increased by 35-50%, 21-42%, and 8-39% in AtLac2-OE, AtLac4-OE, and AtPrx52-OE transgenic poplar lines, respectively, as compared to their controls. Moreover, the bioengineered plants maintained normal growth and development, underscoring the feasibility of this approach for biomass improvement without compromising overall plant fitness. This study also sheds light on the potential of exploiting regulatory elements of DX15 to drive targeted expression of lignin-modifying enzymes, thereby providing a promising avenue for tailoring biomass for improved biofuel production. These findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge in synthetic biology and plant biotechnology, offering a sustainable solution to address the challenges associated with lignocellulosic biomass recalcitrance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh K Ahlawat
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA
| | - Ajaya K Biswal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA30602, USA
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA30602, USA
| | - Sarahani Harun
- Centre for Bioinformatics Research, Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Anne E Harman-Ware
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Crissa Doeppke
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Nisha Sharma
- Microbiology Section, Department of Basic Science, Dr. Y.S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Chandrashekhar P Joshi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA.
| | - Bertrand B Hankoua
- Human Ecology Department, College of Agriculture, Science, and Technology (CAST), Food Science and Biotechnology Program, 1200 N. DuPont Highway, Dover, DE, 19901, USA.
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19
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Ali S, Huang S, Zhou J, Bai Y, Liu Y, Shi L, Liu S, Hu Z, Tang Y. miR397-LACs mediated cadmium stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 113:415-430. [PMID: 37566350 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-023-01369-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential heavy metal, assimilated in plant tissue with other nutrients, disturbing the ions' homeostasis in plants. The plant develops different mechanisms to tolerate the hazardous environmental effects of Cd. Recently studies found different miRNAs that are involved in Cd stress. In the current study, miR397 mutant lines were constructed to explore the molecular mechanisms of miR397 underlying Cd tolerance. Compared with the genetically modified line of overexpressed miR397 (artificial miR397, amiR397), the lines of downregulated miR397 (Short Tandem Target Mimic miR397, STTM miR397) showed more substantial Cd tolerance with higher chlorophyll a & b, carotenoid and lignin content. ICP-OES revealed higher cell wall Cd and low total Cd levels in STTM miR397 than in the wild-type and amiR397 plants.Further, the STTM plants produced fewer reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lower activity of antioxidants enzymes (e.g., catalase [CAT], malondialdehyde [MDA]) compared with amiR397 and wild-type plants after stress, indicating that silencing the expression of miR397 can reduce oxidative damage. In addition, the different family transporters' gene expression was much higher in the amiR397 plants than in the wild type and STTM miRNA397. Our results suggest that miR397 plays a role in Cd tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Overexpression of miR397 could decrease Cd tolerance in plants by regulating the expression of LAC 2/4/17, changing the lignin content, which may play an important role in inducing different stress-tolerant mechanisms and protecting the cell from a hazardous condition. This study provides a basis to elucidate the functions of miR397 and the Cd stress tolerance mechanism in Arabidopsis thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Ali
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-Environmental Sciences, Longhua Institute of Innovative Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shili Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-Environmental Sciences, Longhua Institute of Innovative Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiajie Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-Environmental Sciences, Longhua Institute of Innovative Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yongsheng Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-Environmental Sciences, Longhua Institute of Innovative Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Liyu Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-Environmental Sciences, Longhua Institute of Innovative Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 710003, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhangli Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-Environmental Sciences, Longhua Institute of Innovative Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yulin Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-Environmental Sciences, Longhua Institute of Innovative Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong Province, China.
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20
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Urbancsok J, Donev EN, Sivan P, van Zalen E, Barbut FR, Derba-Maceluch M, Šimura J, Yassin Z, Gandla ML, Karady M, Ljung K, Winestrand S, Jönsson LJ, Scheepers G, Delhomme N, Street NR, Mellerowicz EJ. Flexure wood formation via growth reprogramming in hybrid aspen involves jasmonates and polyamines and transcriptional changes resembling tension wood development. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 240:2312-2334. [PMID: 37857351 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Stem bending in trees induces flexure wood but its properties and development are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the effects of low-intensity multidirectional stem flexing on growth and wood properties of hybrid aspen, and on its transcriptomic and hormonal responses. Glasshouse-grown trees were either kept stationary or subjected to several daily shakes for 5 wk, after which the transcriptomes and hormones were analyzed in the cambial region and developing wood tissues, and the wood properties were analyzed by physical, chemical and microscopy techniques. Shaking increased primary and secondary growth and altered wood differentiation by stimulating gelatinous-fiber formation, reducing secondary wall thickness, changing matrix polysaccharides and increasing cellulose, G- and H-lignin contents, cell wall porosity and saccharification yields. Wood-forming tissues exhibited elevated jasmonate, polyamine, ethylene and brassinosteroids and reduced abscisic acid and gibberellin signaling. Transcriptional responses resembled those during tension wood formation but not opposite wood formation and revealed several thigmomorphogenesis-related genes as well as novel gene networks including FLA and XTH genes encoding plasma membrane-bound proteins. Low-intensity stem flexing stimulates growth and induces wood having improved biorefinery properties through molecular and hormonal pathways similar to thigmomorphogenesis in herbaceous plants and largely overlapping with the tension wood program of hardwoods.
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Affiliation(s)
- János Urbancsok
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Evgeniy N Donev
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Pramod Sivan
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Elena van Zalen
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Félix R Barbut
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Marta Derba-Maceluch
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jan Šimura
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Zakiya Yassin
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Drottning Kristinas väg 61, 11428, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Michal Karady
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences and Faculty of Science of Palacký University, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karin Ljung
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Leif J Jönsson
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Gerhard Scheepers
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Drottning Kristinas väg 61, 11428, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicolas Delhomme
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nathaniel R Street
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
- SciLifeLab, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ewa J Mellerowicz
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183, Umeå, Sweden
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21
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Mishra A, Mishra TK, Nanda S, Mohanty MK, Dash M. A comprehensive review on genetic modification of plant cell wall for improved saccharification efficiency. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:10509-10524. [PMID: 37921982 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08886-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
The focus is now on harnessing energy from green sources through sustainable technology to minimize environmental pollution. Several crop residues including rice and wheat straw are having enormous potential to be used as lignocellulosic source material for bioenergy production. The lignocellulosic feedstock is primarily composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin cell wall polymers. The hemicellulose and lignin polymers induce crosslinks in the cell wall, by firmly associating with cellulose microfibrils, and thereby, denying considerable access of cellulose to cellulase enzymes. This issue has been addressed by various researchers through downregulating several genes associated in monolignol biosynthesis in Arabidopsis, Poplar, Rice and Switchgrass to increase ethanol recovery. Similarly, xylan biosynthetic genes are also targeted to genetically culminate its accumulation in the secondary cell walls. Regulation of cellulose synthases (CesA) proves to be an effective tool in addressing the negative impact of these two factors. Modification in the expression of cellulose synthase aids in reducing cellulose crystallinity as well as polymerisation degree which in turn increases ethanol recovery. The engineered bioenergy crops and various fungal strains with state of art biomass processing techniques presents the most recent integrative biotechnology model for cost effective green fuels generation along with production of key value-added products with minuscule disturbances in the environment. Plant breeding strategies utilizing the existing variability for biomass traits will be key in developing dual purpose varieties. For this purpose, reorientation of conventional breeding techniques for incorporating useful biomass traits will be effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abinash Mishra
- College of Agriculture, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Tapas Kumar Mishra
- College of Agriculture, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Spandan Nanda
- College of Agriculture Engineering and Technology, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Mahendra Kumar Mohanty
- College of Agriculture Engineering and Technology, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Manasi Dash
- College of Agriculture, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
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22
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Zhang Z, Long Y, Yin X, Wang W, Li W, Jiang L, Chen X, Wang B, Ma J. Genome-wide identification and expression patterns of the laccase gene family in response to kiwifruit bacterial canker infection. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:591. [PMID: 38008764 PMCID: PMC10680249 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04606-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kiwifruit bacterial canker, caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa), is a destructive disease worldwide. Resistance genes that respond to Psa infection urgently need to be identified for controlling this disease. Laccase is mainly involved in the synthesis of lignin in the plant cell wall and plays a prominent role in plant growth and resistance to pathogen infection. However, the role of laccase in kiwifruit has not been reported, and whether laccase is pivotal in the response to Psa infection remains unclear. RESULTS We conducted a bioinformatics analysis to identify 55 laccase genes (AcLAC1-AcLAC55) in the kiwifruit genome. These genes were classified into five cluster groups (I-V) based on phylogenetic analysis, with cluster groups I and II having the highest number of members. Analysis of the exon-intron structure revealed that the number of exons varied from 1 to 8, with an average of 5 introns. Our evolutionary analysis indicated that fragment duplication played a key role in the expansion of kiwifruit laccase genes. Furthermore, evolutionary pressure analysis suggested that AcLAC genes were under purifying selection. We also performed a cis-acting element analysis and found that AcLAC genes contained multiple hormone (337) and stress signal (36) elements in their promoter regions. Additionally, we investigated the expression pattern of laccase genes in kiwifruit stems and leaves infected with Psa. Our findings revealed that laccase gene expression levels in the stems were higher than those in the leaves 5 days after inoculation with Psa. Notably, AcLAC2, AcLAC4, AcLAC17, AcLAC18, AcLAC26, and AcLAC42 showed significantly higher expression levels (p < 0.001) compared to the non-inoculated control (0 d), suggesting their potential role in resisting Psa infection. Moreover, our prediction indicated that 21 kiwifruit laccase genes are regulated by miRNA397, they could potentially act as negative regulators of lignin biosynthesis. CONCLUSIONS These results are valuable for further analysis of the resistance function and molecular mechanism of laccases in kiwifruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuzhu Zhang
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Youhua Long
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- Teaching Experiment Farm, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Xianhui Yin
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Weizhen Wang
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Lingli Jiang
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xuetang Chen
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Bince Wang
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jiling Ma
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
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23
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Wang H, Zhao P, He Y, Su Y, Zhou X, Guo H. Transcriptome and miRNAs Profiles Reveal Regulatory Network and Key Regulators of Secondary Xylem Formation in "84K" Poplar. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16438. [PMID: 38003631 PMCID: PMC10671414 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary xylem produced by stem secondary growth is the main source of tree biomass and possesses great economic and ecological value in papermaking, construction, biofuels, and the global carbon cycle. The secondary xylem formation is a complex developmental process, and the underlying regulatory networks and potential mechanisms are still under exploration. In this study, using hybrid poplar (Populus alba × Populus glandulosa clone 84K) as a model system, we first ascertained three representative stages of stem secondary growth and then investigated the regulatory network of secondary xylem formation by joint analysis of transcriptome and miRNAs. Notably, 7507 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 55 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified from stage 1 without initiating secondary growth to stage 2 with just initiating secondary growth, which was much more than those identified from stage 2 to stage 3 with obvious secondary growth. DEGs encoding transcription factors and lignin biosynthetic enzymes and those associated with plant hormones were found to participate in the secondary xylem formation. MiRNA-target analysis revealed that a total of 85 DEMs were predicted to have 2948 putative targets. Among them, PagmiR396d-PagGRFs, PagmiR395c-PagGA2ox1/PagLHW/PagSULTR2/PagPolyubiquitin 1, PagmiR482d-PagLAC4, PagmiR167e-PagbHLH62, and PagmiR167f/g/h-PagbHLH110 modules were involved in the regulating cambial activity and its differentiation into secondary xylem, cell expansion, secondary cell wall deposition, and programmed cell death. Our results give new insights into the regulatory network and mechanism of secondary xylem formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Huihong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Tsing Hua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; (H.W.); (P.Z.); (Y.H.); (Y.S.); (X.Z.)
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24
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Sharma NK, Yadav S, Gupta SK, Irulappan V, Francis A, Senthil-Kumar M, Chattopadhyay D. MicroRNA397 regulates tolerance to drought and fungal infection by regulating lignin deposition in chickpea root. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:3501-3517. [PMID: 37427826 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Plants deposit lignin in the secondary cell wall as a common response to drought and pathogen attacks. Cell wall localised multicopper oxidase family enzymes LACCASES (LACs) catalyse the formation of monolignol radicals and facilitate lignin formation. We show an upregulation of the expression of several LAC genes and a downregulation of microRNA397 (CamiR397) in response to natural drought in chickpea roots. CamiR397 was found to target LAC4 and LAC17L out of twenty annotated LACs in chickpea. CamiR397 and its target genes are expressed in the root. Overexpression of CamiR397 reduced expression of LAC4 and LAC17L and lignin deposition in chickpea root xylem causing reduction in xylem wall thickness. Downregulation of CamiR397 activity by expressing a short tandem target mimic (STTM397) construct increased root lignin deposition in chickpea. CamiR397-overexpressing and STTM397 chickpea lines showed sensitivity and tolerance, respectively, towards natural drought. Infection with a fungal pathogen Macrophomina phaseolina, responsible for dry root rot (DRR) disease in chickpea, induced local lignin deposition and LAC gene expression. CamiR397-overexpressing and STTM397 chickpea lines showed more sensitivity and tolerance, respectively, to DRR. Our results demonstrated the regulatory role of CamiR397 in root lignification during drought and DRR in an agriculturally important crop chickpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Kumar Sharma
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Shalini Yadav
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Gupta
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Vadivelmurugan Irulappan
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Aleena Francis
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Muthappa Senthil-Kumar
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Debasis Chattopadhyay
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
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25
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Fu Y, Yi L, Li F, Rao J, Yang X, Wang Y, Liu C, Liu T, Zhu S. Integrated microRNA and whole-transcriptome sequencing reveals the involvement of small and long non-coding RNAs in the fiber growth of ramie plant. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:599. [PMID: 37814207 PMCID: PMC10563232 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09711-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the two main types of non-coding RNAs that play crucial roles in plant growth and development. However, their specific roles in the fiber growth of ramie plant (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud) remain largely unknown. METHODS In this study, we performed miRNA and whole-transcriptome sequencing of two stem bark sections exhibiting different fiber growth stages to determine the expression profiles of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and protein-encoding genes. RESULTS Among the identified 378 miRNAs and 6,839 lncRNAs, 88 miRNAs and 1,288 lncRNAs exhibited differential expression. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that 29 and 228 differentially expressed protein-encoding genes were targeted by differentially expressed miRNAs and lncRNAs, respectively, constituting eight putative competing endogenous RNA networks. lncR00022274 exhibited downregulated expression in barks with growing fibers. It also had an antisense overlap with the MYB gene, BntWG10016451, whose overexpression drastically increased the xylem fiber number and secondary wall thickness of fibers in the stems of transgenic Arabidopsis, suggesting the potential association of lncR00022274-BntWG10016451 expression with fiber growth. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide insights into the roles of ncRNAs in the regulation of fiber growth in ramie, which can be used for the biotechnological improvement of its fiber yield and quality in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafen Fu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Langbo Yi
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, China
| | - Fu Li
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, China
| | - Jing Rao
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Xiai Yang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Yanzhou Wang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Chan Liu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | | | - Siyuan Zhu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China.
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26
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Zhang L, Kamitakahara H, Takano T, Morimoto T, Sakamoto S, Mitsuda N, Itai A. Stone cell formation in the pedicel of pears and apples. PLANTA 2023; 258:85. [PMID: 37747516 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04240-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION For the first time, stone cells in pear and apple pedicel were studied. The lignification of the pedicel outer part was correlated with flesh, and the secondary cell wall biosynthesis genes were activated. Fruit pedicels act as bridges between the fruit and the shoot. They have secondary thickened cell walls that presumably function in mechanical support, water and nutrient transport. Stone cells are cells with a secondary cell wall thickening. In pears, yet not in apples, the stone cells affect the flesh texture. There have been few reports on stone cell formation in pear and apple pedicels; therefore, we studied these cells for the first time. The apple pedicel had few stone cells in the cortex. The formation of stone cells in pear continued until seven weeks after flowering (WAF), and the density was significantly higher than in apple. The stone cell formation degree (SFD) of pear was 3.6-7.1 times higher than that of apple. Total lignin and lignin non-condensed structure (G and S units) content in the pear pedicle outer part was 1.5-2.7 times higher than that of the apple at harvest. The SFD of the pedicel outer part had a positive correlation with the G and S units content of the flesh. The total lignin and G and S units content between flesh and the pedicel outer part were positively correlated. Correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between fruit and pedicel formation of the stone cells. The WGCNA showed that NST3 was linked to NAC028, MYB46, CESA, POD, LAC, and VSR6. These genes were highly expressed in the outer part of the pear pedicel, while they were suppressed in that issue of the apple at 4 WAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lumin Zhang
- Tropical Eco-Agriculture Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nancheng Street 150, Yuanmou, 651300, Yunnan, China
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kitaina-Yazuma Oji 74, Seika-Cho, Soraku-Gun, Kyoto, 619-0244, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kamitakahara
- Division of Forest and Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Takano
- Division of Forest and Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Takuya Morimoto
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kitaina-Yazuma Oji 74, Seika-Cho, Soraku-Gun, Kyoto, 619-0244, Japan
| | - Shingo Sakamoto
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Mitsuda
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Akihiro Itai
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kitaina-Yazuma Oji 74, Seika-Cho, Soraku-Gun, Kyoto, 619-0244, Japan.
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Zhang Z, Long Y, Yin X, Wang W, Li W, Chen T, Chen J, Chen X, Wang B, Ma J. Metabolome and Transcriptome Analysis of Sulfur-Induced Kiwifruit Stem Laccase Gene Involved in Syringyl Lignin Synthesis against Bacterial Canker. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:13566-13576. [PMID: 37651104 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Kiwifruit canker is caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae and is one of the most destructive diseases of kiwifruit worldwide. Sulfur can improve the deposit of lignin in kiwifruit stems and induce disease resistance, but the action mechanism at the molecular level remains unclear. This omics-based study revealed that sulfur-induced S lignin synthesis contributes to disease resistance. Histological staining verified sulfur-enhanced total lignin deposition in kiwifruit stems. High-performance liquid chromatography and confocal Raman microscopy showed that sulfur-activated S lignin was mainly deposited in the cell corner. Metabolome and transcriptome analysis revealed that the levels of phenylpropanoid pathway S lignin precursors sinapic acid and sinapyl alcohol were significantly increased and 16 laccase genes were upregulated. Sulfur-induced resistance defense promoted elevated laccase activity by activating the laccase genes, participating in sinapic acid and sinapyl alcohol substance synthesis, and ultimately polymerizing S lignin at cell corner against kiwifruit canker disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuzhu Zhang
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Youhua Long
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Teaching Experiment Farm, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xianhui Yin
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Weizhen Wang
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xuetang Chen
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Bince Wang
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jiling Ma
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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28
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Guo X, Li Y, Li N, Li G, Sun Y, Zhang S. BvCPD promotes parenchyma cell and vascular bundle development in sugar beet ( Beta vulgaris L.) taproot. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1271329. [PMID: 37771491 PMCID: PMC10523326 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1271329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Constitutive photomorpogenic dwarf (CPD) is a pivotal enzyme gene for brassinolide (BR) synthesis and plays an important role in plant growth, including increasing plant biomass and plant height, elongating cells, and promoting xylem differentiation. However, little is known about the function of the CPD gene in sugar beet. In the current study, we isolated CPD from Beta vulgaris L. (BvCPD), which encodes protein localized in the nucleus, cell membrane, and cell wall. BvCPD was strongly expressed in parenchyma cells and vascular bundles. The transgenic sugar beet overexpressing BvCPD exhibited larger diameter than that of the wild type (WT), which mainly owing to the increased number and size of parenchyma cells, the enlarged lumen and area of vessel in the xylem. Additionally, overexpression of BvCPD increased the synthesis of endogenous BR, causing changes in the content of endogenous auxin (IAA) and gibberellin (GA) and accumulation of cellulose and lignin in cambium 1-4 rings of the taproot. These results suggest that BvCPD can promote the biosynthesis of endogenous BR, improve cell wall components, promote the development of parenchyma cells and vascular bundle, thereby playing an important role in promoting the growth and development of sugar beet taproot.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yaqing Sun
- Sugar Beet Physiological Research Institute, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Shaoying Zhang
- Sugar Beet Physiological Research Institute, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
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29
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Wei X, Ding H, Fan Y, Wu X, Liu X, Niu J, Cao F, Li M. Overexpression of a laccase gene, DiLAC17, from Davidia involucrata causes severe seed abortion in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 202:107956. [PMID: 37573796 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Seed abortion is a common phenomenon in woody plants, especially in rare and endangered species. Serious seed abortion occurs in the dove tree and largely restricts its natural reproduction. A number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between normal and aborted seeds of the dove tree have been previously identified through transcriptome profiling. Among these, most DEGs encoding laccase showed significant upregulation in the aborted seeds. In this study, the laccase gene with the highest expression level in aborted seeds, DiLAC17, was cloned from the dove tree genome and further verified. Overexpression of the DiLAC17 gene in Arabidopsis resulted in retarded growth, deformed siliques, and severe seed abortion. Most Arabidopsis genes involved in seed development, such as AtLEC2, AtANT1, and AtRGE1, were suppressed in the transgenic lines. Laccase activity and lignin content were significantly improved in transgenic lines under ectopic overexpression of the DiLAC17 gene. Excessive lignin accumulation in the early developmental stage was assumed to be a key cause of restricting silique growth and seed expansion, which ultimately led to seed abortion. These results indicate a laccase-mediated pathway for seed abortion, which might be a strategy adopted by this rare and endangered species to reduce the reproductive load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoru Wei
- Hunan Mid-Subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Hongfan Ding
- Hunan Mid-Subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yanling Fan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; Yuelushan Laboratory Carbon Sinks Forests Variety Innovation Center, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Xiaomei Wu
- Hunan Mid-Subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Xiangdong Liu
- Hunan Mid-Subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Jie Niu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; Yuelushan Laboratory Carbon Sinks Forests Variety Innovation Center, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Fuxiang Cao
- Hunan Mid-Subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Meng Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; Yuelushan Laboratory Carbon Sinks Forests Variety Innovation Center, Changsha, 410004, China.
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30
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Zhang S, Zhu C, Zhang X, Liu M, Xue X, Lai C, Xuhan X, Chen Y, Zhang Z, Lai Z, Lin Y. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of the embryogenic callus clarifies the spatiotemporal developmental trajectories of the early somatic embryo in Dimocarpus longan. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 115:1277-1297. [PMID: 37235696 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Plant embryogenic calli (ECs) can undergo somatic embryogenesis to regenerate plants. This process is mediated by regulatory factors, such as transcription factors and specifically expressed genes, but the precise molecular mechanisms underlying somatic embryogenesis at the single-cell level remain unclear. In this study, we performed high-resolution single-cell RNA sequencing analysis to determine the cellular changes in the EC of the woody plant species Dimocarpus longan (longan) and clarify the continuous cell differentiation trajectories at the transcriptome level. The highly heterogeneous cells in the EC were divided into 12 putative clusters (e.g., proliferating, meristematic, vascular, and epidermal cell clusters). We determined cluster-enriched expression marker genes and found that overexpression of the epidermal cell marker gene GDSL ESTERASE/LIPASE-1 inhibited the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol. In addition, the stability of autophagy was critical for the somatic embryogenesis of longan. The pseudo-timeline analysis elucidated the continuous cell differentiation trajectories from early embryonic cell division to vascular and epidermal cell differentiation during the somatic embryogenesis of longan. Moreover, key transcriptional regulators associated with cell fates were revealed. We found that ETHYLENE RESPONSIVE FACTOR 6 was characterized as a heat-sensitive factor that negatively regulates longan somatic embryogenesis under high-temperature stress conditions. The results of this study provide new spatiotemporal insights into cell division and differentiation during longan somatic embryogenesis at single-cell resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Zhang
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Mengyu Liu
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xiaodong Xue
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Chunwang Lai
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xu Xuhan
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institut de la Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, 31300, France
| | - Yukun Chen
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zhongxiong Lai
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yuling Lin
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
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31
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Gu Y, Zhang J, Liu L, Qanmber G, Liu Z, Xing K, Lu L, Liu L, Ma S, Li F, Yang Z. Cell cycle-dependent kinase inhibitor GhKRP6, a direct target of GhBES1.4, participates in BR regulation of cell expansion in cotton. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 115:1729-1745. [PMID: 37326240 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The steroidal hormone brassinosteroid (BR) has been shown to positively regulate cell expansion in plants. However, the specific mechanism by which BR controls this process has not been fully understood. In this study, RNA-seq and DAP-seq analysis of GhBES1.4 (a core transcription factor in BR signaling) were used to identify a cotton cell cycle-dependent kinase inhibitor called GhKRP6. The study found that GhKRP6 was significantly induced by the BR hormone and that GhBES1.4 directly promoted the expression of GhKRP6 by binding to the CACGTG motif in its promoter region. GhKRP6-silenced cotton plants had smaller leaves with more cells and reduced cell size. Furthermore, endoreduplication was inhibited, which affected cell expansion and ultimately decreased fiber length and seed size in GhKRP6-silenced plants compared with the control. The KEGG enrichment results of control and VIGS-GhKRP6 plants revealed differential expression of genes related to cell wall biosynthesis, MAPK, and plant hormone transduction pathways - all of which are related to cell expansion. Additionally, some cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) genes were upregulated in the plants with silenced GhKRP6. Our study also found that GhKRP6 could interact directly with a cell cycle-dependent kinase called GhCDKG. Taken together, these results suggest that BR signaling influences cell expansion by directly modulating the expression of cell cycle-dependent kinase inhibitor GhKRP6 via GhBES1.4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gu
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110161, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Le Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Ghulam Qanmber
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Kun Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Lili Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of China Northwestern Inland Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Cotton Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Shuya Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Fuguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Zuoren Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of China Northwestern Inland Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Cotton Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, 832003, China
- Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, 831100, Xinjiang, China
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32
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Nguyen TTT, Kim MH, Park EJ, Lee H, Ko JH. Seasonal Developing Xylem Transcriptome Analysis of Pinus densiflora Unveils Novel Insights for Compression Wood Formation. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1698. [PMID: 37761838 PMCID: PMC10531420 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Wood is the most important renewable resource not only for numerous practical utilizations but also for mitigating the global climate crisis by sequestering atmospheric carbon dioxide. The compressed wood (CW) of gymnosperms, such as conifers, plays a pivotal role in determining the structure of the tree through the reorientation of stems displaced by environmental forces and is characterized by a high content of lignin. Despite extensive studies on many genes involved in wood formation, the molecular mechanisms underlying seasonal and, particularly, CW formation remain unclear. This study examined the seasonal dynamics of two wood tissue types in Pinus densiflora: CW and opposite wood (OW). RNA sequencing of developing xylem for two consecutive years revealed comprehensive transcriptome changes and unique differences in CW and OW across seasons. During growth periods, such as spring and summer, we identified 2255 transcripts with differential expression in CW, with an upregulation in lignin biosynthesis genes and significant downregulation in stress response genes. Notably, among the laccases critical for monolignol polymerization, PdeLAC17 was found to be specifically expressed in CW, suggesting its vital role in CW formation. PdeERF4, an ERF transcription factor preferentially expressed in CW, seems to regulate PdeLAC17 activity. This research provides an initial insight into the transcriptional regulation of seasonal CW development in P. densiflora, forming a foundation for future studies to enhance our comprehension of wood formation in gymnosperms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thu Tram Nguyen
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea; (T.T.T.N.); (M.-H.K.)
| | - Min-Ha Kim
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea; (T.T.T.N.); (M.-H.K.)
| | - Eung-Jun Park
- Forest Bioresources Department, National Institute of Forest Science, Suwon 16631, Republic of Korea; (E.-J.P.); (H.L.)
| | - Hyoshin Lee
- Forest Bioresources Department, National Institute of Forest Science, Suwon 16631, Republic of Korea; (E.-J.P.); (H.L.)
| | - Jae-Heung Ko
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea; (T.T.T.N.); (M.-H.K.)
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33
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Balk M, Sofia P, Neffe AT, Tirelli N. Lignin, the Lignification Process, and Advanced, Lignin-Based Materials. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11668. [PMID: 37511430 PMCID: PMC10380785 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
At a time when environmental considerations are increasingly pushing for the application of circular economy concepts in materials science, lignin stands out as an under-used but promising and environmentally benign building block. This review focuses (A) on understanding what we mean with lignin, i.e., where it can be found and how it is produced in plants, devoting particular attention to the identity of lignols (including ferulates that are instrumental for integrating lignin with cell wall polysaccharides) and to the details of their coupling reactions and (B) on providing an overview how lignin can actually be employed as a component of materials in healthcare and energy applications, finally paying specific attention to the use of lignin in the development of organic shape-memory materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Balk
- Institute of Functional Materials for Sustainability, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Kantstrasse 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany
| | - Pietro Sofia
- Laboratory of Polymers and Biomaterials, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- The Open University Affiliated Research Centre at the Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (ARC@IIT), Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Axel T Neffe
- Institute of Functional Materials for Sustainability, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Kantstrasse 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany
| | - Nicola Tirelli
- Laboratory of Polymers and Biomaterials, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
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Xu L, Tang Y, Yang Y, Wang D, Wang H, Du J, Bai Y, Su S, Zhao C, Li L. Microspore-expressed SCULP1 is required for p-coumaroylation of sporopollenin, exine integrity, and pollen development in wheat. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 239:102-115. [PMID: 36994607 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Sporopollenin is one of the most structurally sophisticated and chemically recalcitrant biopolymers. In higher plants, sporopollenin is the dominant component of exine, the outer wall of pollen grains, and contains covalently linked phenolics that protect the male gametes from harsh environments. Although much has been learned about the biosynthesis of sporopollenin precursors in the tapetum, the nutritive cell layer surrounding developing microspores, little is known about how the biopolymer is assembled on the microspore surface. We identified SCULP1 (SKS clade universal in pollen) as a seed plant conserved clade of the multicopper oxidase family. We showed that SCULP1 in common wheat (Triticum aestivum) is specifically expressed in the microspore when sporopollenin assembly takes place, localized to the developing exine, and binds p-coumaric acid in vitro. Through genetic, biochemical, and 3D reconstruction analyses, we demonstrated that SCULP1 is required for p-coumaroylation of sporopollenin, exine integrity, and pollen viability. Moreover, we found that SCULP1 accumulation is compromised in thermosensitive genic male sterile wheat lines and its expression partially restored exine integrity and male fertility. These findings identified a key microspore protein in autonomous sporopollenin polymer assembly, thereby laying the foundation for elucidating and engineering sporopollenin biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yimiao Tang
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Yanzhi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Dezhou Wang
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Haijun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jianmei Du
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yajun Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shichao Su
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Changping Zhao
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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35
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Ro N, Haile M, Ko HC, Cho GT, Lee J, Kim B, Lee S, Kim SH. Genome-Wide Association Study of Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Properties in Eggplant Germplasm. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1315. [PMID: 37510220 PMCID: PMC10379237 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The phenolic compounds in eggplant offer potential natural antioxidants for improved health. A large number of samples were examined in order to find eggplant germplasm with a high potential for health promotion. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with variations in total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity in eggplants, including ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). TPC values varied from 14.19 to 842.90 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/100 g of dry weight of eggplant fruit powder. TPC showed a strong positive correlation with both FRAP and ABTS (r = 0.89 *** and 0.77 ***, respectively). The GWAS identified 20 SNPs that were significantly associated out of 29,183 SNPs. Out of the 20 significant SNPs, 11 showed associations with TPC, 4 with ABTS activity, and 5 with FRAP. Among the SNPs associated with TPC, one SNP was found on each of Chromosomes 3, 4, 7, and 12. In contrast, Chromosome 5 comprised two SNPs associated to TPC. Furthermore, the gene encoding IRX12 laccase-4 on Chromosome 10 was found to contain five SNPs associated with TPC. Four significantly linked SNPs on Chromosomes 1 (1 SNP), 4 (2 SNPs), and 10 (1 SNP) were found to be related to ABTS activity. The identified SNPs will be further examined as markers for selecting desirable eggplant varieties and exploring the links between candidate genes, phenolic content, and antioxidant activity. The findings of this study could assist in further study and the development of eggplants with improved health advantages through targeted breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayoung Ro
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Mesfin Haile
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Cheol Ko
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu-Taek Cho
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungro Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Bichsaem Kim
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Sookyeong Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Hoon Kim
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
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Qin R, Hu Y, Chen H, Du Q, Yang J, Li WX. MicroRNA408 negatively regulates salt tolerance by affecting secondary cell wall development in maize. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:1569-1583. [PMID: 36864608 PMCID: PMC10231460 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Although microRNA408 (miR408) is a highly conserved miRNA, the miR408 response to salt stress differs among plant species. Here, we show that miR408 transcripts are strongly repressed by salt stress and methyl viologen treatment in maize (Zea mays). Application of N, N1-dimethylthiourea partly relieved the NaCl-induced down-regulation of miR408. Transgenic maize overexpressing MIR408b is hypersensitive to salt stress. Overexpression of MIR408b enhanced the rate of net Na+ efflux, caused Na+ to locate in the inter-cellular space, reduced lignin accumulation, and reduced the number of cells in vascular bundles under salt stress. We further demonstrated that miR408 targets ZmLACCASE9 (ZmLAC9). Knockout of MIR408a or MIR408b or overexpression of ZmLAC9 increased the accumulation of lignin, thickened the walls of pavement cells, and improved salt tolerance of maize. Transcriptome profiles of the wild-type and MIR408b-overexpressing transgenic maize with or without salt stress indicated that miR408 negatively regulates the expression of cell wall biogenesis genes under salt conditions. These results indicate that miR408 negatively regulates salt tolerance by regulating secondary cell wall development in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruidong Qin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yumei Hu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Huan Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qingguo Du
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Juan Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wen-Xue Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Ma Q, Niu C, Wang C, Chen C, Li Y, Wei M. Effects of differentially expressed microRNAs induced by rootstocks and silicon on improving chilling tolerance of cucumber seedlings (Cucumis sativus L.). BMC Genomics 2023; 24:250. [PMID: 37165319 PMCID: PMC10173649 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09337-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rootstocks can improve the chilling tolerance of grafted cucumbers, but their effectiveness varies. Rootstocks with strong de-blooming capacity may result in lower chilling tolerance of grafted cucumbers compared to those with weak de-blooming capacity, while also reducing the silicon absorption. However, it remains unclear whether this reduction in chilling tolerance is due to differences in rootstock genotypes or the reduction in silicon absorption. RESULTS The chilling tolerance of cucumber seedlings was improved by using rootstocks and silicon nutrition. Rootstocks had a more significant effect than silicon nutrition, and the weak de-blooming rootstock 'Yunnan figleaf gourd' was superior to the strong de-blooming rootstock 'Huangchenggen No. 2'. Compared to self-rooted cucumber, twelve miRNAs were regulated by two rootstocks, including seven identical miRNAs (novel-mir23, novel-mir26, novel-mir30, novel-mir37, novel-mir46, miR395a and miR398a-3p) and five different miRNAs (novel-mir32, novel-mir38, novel-mir65, novel-mir78 and miR397a). Notably, four of these miRNAs (novel-mir38, novel-mir65, novel-mir78 and miR397a) were only identified in 'Yunnan figleaf gourd'-grafted cucumbers. Furthermore, six miRNAs (miR168a-5p, miR390a-5p, novel-mir26, novel-mir55, novel-mir67 and novel-mir70) were found to be responsive to exogenous silicon. Target gene prediction for 20 miRNAs resulted in 520 genes. Functional analysis of these target genes showed that 'Yunnan figleaf gourd' improves the chilling tolerance of cucumber by regulating laccase synthesis and sulfate metabolism, while 'Huangchenggen No. 2' and exogenous silicon reduced chilling stress damage to cucumber by regulating ROS scavenging and protein protection, respectively. CONCLUSION Among the identified miRNAs, novel-mir46 and miR398a-3p were found in cucumbers in response to chilling stress and two types of rootstocks. However, no identical miRNAs were identified in response to chilling stress and silicon. In addition, the differential expression of novel-mir38, novel-mir65, novel-mir78 and miR397a may be one of the important reasons for the differences in chilling tolerance of grafted cucumbers caused by two types of rootstocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ma
- College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Chenxu Niu
- College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Environment Controlled Agricultural Engineering in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taian, 271018, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Taian, 271018, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Chunhua Chen
- College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Taian, 271018, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Environment Controlled Agricultural Engineering in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taian, 271018, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Taian, 271018, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Min Wei
- College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Environment Controlled Agricultural Engineering in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taian, 271018, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Taian, 271018, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Taian, 271018, China.
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Bryant N, Zhang J, Feng K, Shu M, Ployet R, Chen JG, Muchero W, Yoo CG, Tschaplinski TJ, Pu Y, Ragauskas AJ. Novel candidate genes for lignin structure identified through genome-wide association study of naturally varying Populus trichocarpa. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1153113. [PMID: 37215291 PMCID: PMC10197963 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1153113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Populus is a promising lignocellulosic feedstock for biofuels and bioproducts. However, the cell wall biopolymer lignin is a major barrier in conversion of biomass to biofuels. To investigate the variability and underlying genetic basis of the complex structure of lignin, a population of 409 three-year-old, naturally varying Populus trichocarpa genotypes were characterized by heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). A subsequent genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted using approximately 8.3 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which identified 756 genes that were significantly associated (-log10(p-value)>6) with at least one lignin phenotype. Several promising candidate genes were identified, many of which have not previously been reported to be associated with lignin or cell wall biosynthesis. These results provide a resource for gaining insights into the molecular mechanisms of lignin biosynthesis and new targets for future genetic improvement in poplar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Bryant
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Jin Zhang
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Kai Feng
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Mengjun Shu
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Raphael Ployet
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Jin-Gui Chen
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Wellington Muchero
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Chang Geun Yoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Timothy J. Tschaplinski
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Yunqiao Pu
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Arthur J. Ragauskas
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Center for Renewable Carbon, Department of Forestry, Wildlife, and Fisheries, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN, United States
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Ma X, Zhang Q, Ou Y, Wang L, Gao Y, Lucas GR, Resco de Dios V, Yao Y. Transcriptome and Low-Affinity Sodium Transport Analysis Reveals Salt Tolerance Variations between Two Poplar Trees. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065732. [PMID: 36982804 PMCID: PMC10058024 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Salinity stress severely hampers plant growth and productivity. How to improve plants’ salt tolerance is an urgent issue. However, the molecular basis of plant resistance to salinity still remains unclear. In this study, we used two poplar species with different salt sensitivities to conduct RNA-sequencing and physiological and pharmacological analyses; the aim is to study the transcriptional profiles and ionic transport characteristics in the roots of the two Populus subjected to salt stress under hydroponic culture conditions. Our results show that numerous genes related to energy metabolism were highly expressed in Populus alba relative to Populus russkii, which activates vigorous metabolic processes and energy reserves for initiating a set of defense responses when suffering from salinity stress. Moreover, we found the capacity of Na+ transportation by the P. alba high-affinity K+ transporter1;2 (HKT1;2) was superior to that of P. russkii under salt stress, which enables P. alba to efficiently recycle xylem-loaded Na+ and to maintain shoot K+/Na+ homeostasis. Furthermore, the genes involved in the synthesis of ethylene and abscisic acid were up-regulated in P. alba but downregulated in P. russkii under salt stress. In P. alba, the gibberellin inactivation and auxin signaling genes with steady high transcriptions, several antioxidant enzymes activities (such as peroxidase [POD], ascorbate peroxidase [APX], and glutathione reductase [GR]), and glycine-betaine content were significantly increased under salt stress. These factors altogether confer P. alba a higher resistance to salinity, achieving a more efficient coordination between growth modulation and defense response. Our research provides significant evidence to improve the salt tolerance of crops or woody plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Ma
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Yongbin Ou
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Yongfeng Gao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Gutiérrez Rodríguez Lucas
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Víctor Resco de Dios
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
- Department of Crop and Forest Sciences & Agrotecnio Center, Universitat de Lleida, 25003 Leida, Spain
- Correspondence: (V.R.d.D.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yinan Yao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
- Correspondence: (V.R.d.D.); (Y.Y.)
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Zhu J, Zhang H, Huang K, Guo R, Zhao J, Xie H, Zhu J, Gu H, Chen H, Li G, Wei C, Liu S. Comprehensive analysis of the laccase gene family in tea plant highlights its roles in development and stress responses. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:129. [PMID: 36882726 PMCID: PMC9990228 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04134-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laccase (LAC) is the pivotal enzyme responsible for the polymerization of monolignols and stress responses in plants. However, the roles of LAC genes in plant development and tolerance to diverse stresses are still largely unknown, especially in tea plant (Camellia sinensis), one of the most economically important crops worldwide. RESULTS In total, 51 CsLAC genes were identified, they were unevenly distributed on different chromosomes and classified into six groups based on phylogenetic analysis. The CsLAC gene family had diverse intron-exon patterns and a highly conserved motif distribution. Cis-acting elements in the promoter demonstrated that promoter regions of CsLACs encode various elements associated with light, phytohormones, development and stresses. Collinearity analysis identified some orthologous gene pairs in C. sinensis and many paralogous gene pairs among C. sinensis, Arabidopsis and Populus. Tissue-specific expression profiles revealed that the majority of CsLACs had high expression in roots and stems and some members had specific expression patterns in other tissues, and the expression patterns of six genes by qRT‒PCR were highly consistent with the transcriptome data. Most CsLACs showed significant variation in their expression level under abiotic (cold and drought) and biotic (insect and fungus) stresses via transcriptome data. Among them, CsLAC3 was localized in the plasma membrane and its expression level increased significantly at 13 d under gray blight treatment. We found that 12 CsLACs were predicted to be targets of cs-miR397a, and most CsLACs showed opposite expression patterns compared to cs-miR397a under gray blight infection. Additionally, 18 highly polymorphic SSR markers were developed, these markers can be widely used for diverse genetic studies of tea plants. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the classification, evolution, structure, tissue-specific profiles, and (a)biotic stress responses of CsLAC genes. It also provides valuable genetic resources for functional characterization towards enhancing tea plant tolerance to multiple (a)biotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Hongxiu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Kelin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Lu'an Institute of Product Quality Supervision and Inspection, Lu'an City, China
| | - Jingjuan Zhao
- Lu'an Institute of Product Quality Supervision and Inspection, Lu'an City, China
| | - Hui Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Junyan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Honglian Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Hongrong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Guoqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Chaoling Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Shengrui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China.
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Guan Y, Wei Z, Song P, Zhou L, Hu H, Hu P, Li C. MicroRNA Expression Profiles in Response to Phytophthora infestans and Oidium neolycopersici and Functional Identification of sly-miR397 in Tomato. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2023; 113:497-507. [PMID: 36346372 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-04-22-0117-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Late blight and powdery mildew are two widespread tomato diseases caused by Phytophthora infestans and Oidium neolycopersici, respectively, which reduce the quantity and quality of tomato. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in tomato resistance to various pathogens. Investigating the function of miRNAs is of great significance in controlling tomato diseases. To identify potential miRNAs involved in the interaction of tomato with P. infestans or O. neolycopersici, we analyzed the expression profiles of small RNAs in tomato leaves infected with these two pathogens using RNA-seq technology. A total of 330 and 288 miRNAs exhibited differences in expression levels after exposure to P. infestans and O. neolycopersici, respectively. One hundred and forty-six commonly differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs responsive to P. infestans and O. neolycopersici infestation were detected, including 10 commonly known conserved DE miRNAs and 136 novel miRNAs. Among these known DE miRNAs, sly-miR397 was strongly downregulated in response to P. infestans or O. neolycopersici infection. Silencing of sly-miR397 resulted in enhanced tolerance to the pathogens, whereas overexpression of sly-miR397 showed increased susceptibility. Furthermore, changes in sly-miR397 expression could also affect expression levels of pathogenesis-related genes and reactive oxygen species-scavenging genes, leading to altered necrotic cells and H2O2 levels. In addition, the number of lateral branches significantly changed in transgenic plants. Taken together, our results provide potential miRNA resources for further research of miRNA-disease associations and indicates that sly-miR397 acts as a negative regulator of disease resistance and influences lateral branch development in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Guan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Zhiyuan Wei
- College of Life Science and Technology, Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Puwen Song
- College of Life Science and Technology, Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Luyi Zhou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Ping Hu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Chengwei Li
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Hashemipetroudi SH, Arab M, Heidari P, Kuhlmann M. Genome-wide analysis of the laccase (LAC) gene family in Aeluropus littoralis: A focus on identification, evolution and expression patterns in response to abiotic stresses and ABA treatment. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1112354. [PMID: 36938021 PMCID: PMC10014554 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1112354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Laccases are plant enzymes with essential functions during growth and development. These monophenoloxidases are involved in lignin polymerization, and their expression respond to environmental stress. However, studies of laccases in some plants and fungi have highlighted that many structural and functional aspects of these genes are still unknown. Here, the laccase gene family in Aeluropus littoralis (AlLAC) is described based on sequence structure and expression patterns under abiotic stresses and ABA treatment. Fifteen non-redundant AlLACs were identified from the A. littoralis genome, which showed differences in physicochemical characteristics and gene structure. Based on phylogenetic analysis, AlLACs and their orthologues were classified into five groups. A close evolutionary relationship was observed between LAC gene family members in rice and A. littoralis. According to the interaction network, AlLACs interact more with proteins involved in biological processes such as iron incorporation into the metallo-sulfur cluster, lignin catabolism, regulation of the symbiotic process and plant-type primary cell wall biogenesis. Gene expression analysis of selected AlLACs using real-time RT (reverse transcription)-PCR revealed that AlLACs are induced in response to abiotic stresses such as cold, salt, and osmotic stress, as well as ABA treatment. Moreover, AlLACs showed differential expression patterns in shoot and root tissues. Our findings indicate that AlLACs are preferentially involved in the late response of A. littoralis to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Hamidreza Hashemipetroudi
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biology, Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan (GABIT), Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari, Iran
- RG Heterosis, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Mozhdeh Arab
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biology, Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan (GABIT), Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari, Iran
- National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Parviz Heidari
- Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
| | - Markus Kuhlmann
- RG Heterosis, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany
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Blaschek L, Murozuka E, Serk H, Ménard D, Pesquet E. Different combinations of laccase paralogs nonredundantly control the amount and composition of lignin in specific cell types and cell wall layers in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:889-909. [PMID: 36449969 DOI: 10.1101/2022.05.04.490011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Vascular plants reinforce the cell walls of the different xylem cell types with lignin phenolic polymers. Distinct lignin chemistries differ between each cell wall layer and each cell type to support their specific functions. Yet the mechanisms controlling the tight spatial localization of specific lignin chemistries remain unclear. Current hypotheses focus on control by monomer biosynthesis and/or export, while cell wall polymerization is viewed as random and nonlimiting. Here, we show that combinations of multiple individual laccases (LACs) are nonredundantly and specifically required to set the lignin chemistry in different cell types and their distinct cell wall layers. We dissected the roles of Arabidopsis thaliana LAC4, 5, 10, 12, and 17 by generating quadruple and quintuple loss-of-function mutants. Loss of these LACs in different combinations led to specific changes in lignin chemistry affecting both residue ring structures and/or aliphatic tails in specific cell types and cell wall layers. Moreover, we showed that LAC-mediated lignification has distinct functions in specific cell types, waterproofing fibers, and strengthening vessels. Altogether, we propose that the spatial control of lignin chemistry depends on different combinations of LACs with nonredundant activities immobilized in specific cell types and cell wall layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Blaschek
- Arrhenius Laboratories, Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences (DEEP), Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emiko Murozuka
- Arrhenius Laboratories, Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences (DEEP), Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Henrik Serk
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Delphine Ménard
- Arrhenius Laboratories, Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences (DEEP), Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Edouard Pesquet
- Arrhenius Laboratories, Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences (DEEP), Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
- Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Blaschek L, Murozuka E, Serk H, Ménard D, Pesquet E. Different combinations of laccase paralogs nonredundantly control the amount and composition of lignin in specific cell types and cell wall layers in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:889-909. [PMID: 36449969 PMCID: PMC9940878 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Vascular plants reinforce the cell walls of the different xylem cell types with lignin phenolic polymers. Distinct lignin chemistries differ between each cell wall layer and each cell type to support their specific functions. Yet the mechanisms controlling the tight spatial localization of specific lignin chemistries remain unclear. Current hypotheses focus on control by monomer biosynthesis and/or export, while cell wall polymerization is viewed as random and nonlimiting. Here, we show that combinations of multiple individual laccases (LACs) are nonredundantly and specifically required to set the lignin chemistry in different cell types and their distinct cell wall layers. We dissected the roles of Arabidopsis thaliana LAC4, 5, 10, 12, and 17 by generating quadruple and quintuple loss-of-function mutants. Loss of these LACs in different combinations led to specific changes in lignin chemistry affecting both residue ring structures and/or aliphatic tails in specific cell types and cell wall layers. Moreover, we showed that LAC-mediated lignification has distinct functions in specific cell types, waterproofing fibers, and strengthening vessels. Altogether, we propose that the spatial control of lignin chemistry depends on different combinations of LACs with nonredundant activities immobilized in specific cell types and cell wall layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Blaschek
- Arrhenius Laboratories, Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences (DEEP), Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emiko Murozuka
- Arrhenius Laboratories, Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences (DEEP), Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Henrik Serk
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Delphine Ménard
- Arrhenius Laboratories, Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences (DEEP), Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Edouard Pesquet
- Arrhenius Laboratories, Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences (DEEP), Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
- Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Bai Y, Ali S, Liu S, Zhou J, Tang Y. Characterization of plant laccase genes and their functions. Gene 2023; 852:147060. [PMID: 36423777 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.147060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Laccase is a copper-containing polyphenol oxidase found in different organisms. The multigene family that encodes laccases is widely distributed in plant genomes. Plant laccases oxidize monolignols to produce lignin which is important for plant growth and stress responses. Industrial applications of fungal and bacterial laccases are extensively explored and addressed. Recently many studies have focused on the significance of plant laccase, particularly in crop yield, and its functions in different environmental conditions. This review summarizes the transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of plant laccase genes and their functions in plant growth and development. It especially describes the responses of laccase genes to various stresses and their contributions to plant biotic and abiotic stress resistance. In-depth explanations and scientific advances will serve as foundations for research into plant laccase genes' function, mechanism, and possible applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Longhua Institute of Innovative Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Shahid Ali
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Longhua Institute of Innovative Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, PR China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710003, China
| | - Jiajie Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Longhua Institute of Innovative Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yulin Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Longhua Institute of Innovative Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, PR China.
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Jeon HS, Jang E, Kim J, Kim SH, Lee MH, Nam MH, Tobimatsu Y, Park OK. Pathogen-induced autophagy regulates monolignol transport and lignin formation in plant immunity. Autophagy 2023; 19:597-615. [PMID: 35652914 PMCID: PMC9851231 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2085496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The evolutionary plant-pathogen arms race has equipped plants with the immune system that can defend against pathogens. Pattern-triggered immunity and effector-triggered immunity are two major branches of innate immunity that share immune responses, including oxidative bursts, transcriptional reprogramming, and cell wall modifications such as lignin deposition. In a previous study, we reported that lignin rapidly accumulates in pathogen-infected Arabidopsis leaves and acts as a mechanical barrier, spatially restricting pathogens and cell death. Lignin deposition into the cell wall is a three-step process: monolignol biosynthesis, transport, and polymerization. While monolignol biosynthesis and polymerization are relatively well understood, the mechanism of monolignol transport remains unclear. In this study, we show that macroautophagy/autophagy modulates pathogen-induced lignin formation. Lignification and other immune responses were impaired in autophagy-defective atg (autophagy-related) mutants. In microscopy analyses, monolignols formed punctate structures in response to pathogen infection and colocalized with autophagic vesicles. Furthermore, autophagic activity and lignin accumulation were both enhanced in dnd1 (defense, no death 1) mutant with elevated disease resistance but no cell death and crossing dnd1-1 with atg mutants resulted in a lignin deficit, further supporting that lignin formation requires autophagy. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that lignification, particularly monolignol transport, is achieved through autophagic membrane trafficking in plant immunity.Abbreviations: ABC transporter: ATP-binding cassette transporter; ACD2/AT4G37000: accelerated cell death 2; ATG: autophagy-related; C3'H/AT2G40890: p-coumaroyl shikimate 3-hydroxylase; C4H/AT2G30490: cinnamate 4-hydroxylase; CA: coniferyl alcohol; CaMV: cauliflower mosaic virus; CASP: Casparian strip membrane domain protein; CASPL: CASP-like protein; CBB: Coomassie Brilliant Blue; CCoAOMT1/AT4G34050: caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase 1; CCR1/AT1G15950: cinnamoyl-CoA reductase 1; CFU: colony-forming unit; COMT1/AT5G54160: caffeic acid O-methyltransferase 1; Con A: concanamycin A; DMAC: dimethylaminocoumarin; DND1/AT5G15410: defense, no death 1; CNGC2: cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 2; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; ESB1/AT2G28670/DIR10: enhanced suberin 1; ETI: effector-triggered immunity; EV: extracellular vesicle; F5H/AT4G36220: ferulate-5-hydroxylase; Fluo-3 AM: Fluo-3 acetoxymethyl ester; GFP: green fluorescent protein; HCT/AT5G48930: p-hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA:quinate/shikimate p-hydroxycinnamoyltransferase; HR: hypersensitive response; LAC: laccase; LTG: LysoTracker Green; LSD1/AT4G200380: lesion stimulating disease 1; PAL1/AT2G37040: phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 1; PAMP: pathogen-associated molecular patterns; PCD: programmed cell death; PE: phosphatidylethanolamine; PRX: peroxidase; Pst DC3000: Pseudomonas syringe pv. tomato DC3000; PTI: pattern-triggered immunity; SA: salicylic acid; SD: standard deviation; SID2/AT1G7410: SA induction-deficient 2; UGT: UDP-glucosyltransferase; UPLC: ultraperformance liquid chromatography; UPS: unconventional protein secretion; V-ATPase: vacuolar-type H+-translocating ATPase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwi Seong Jeon
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunjeong Jang
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinwoo Kim
- Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seu Ha Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Myung Hee Nam
- Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yuki Tobimatsu
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ohkmae K. Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea,CONTACT Ohkmae K. Park Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul02841, Korea
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Guo Y, Wang Y, Chen H, Du Q, Wang Z, Gong X, Sun Q, Li WX. Nitrogen supply affects ion homeostasis by modifying root Casparian strip formation through the miR528-LAC3 module in maize. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2023:100553. [PMID: 36681862 PMCID: PMC10363476 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Although nitrogen (N) is known to affect mineral element homeostasis in plants, the molecular mechanisms of interactions between N and other nutrients remain largely unclear. We report here that N supply affects ion homeostasis in maize. Berberine hemisulfate staining and a propidium iodide penetration assay showed that N luxury significantly delayed Casparian strip (CS) formation in maize roots. We further demonstrated that N-mediated CS formation in maize was independent of RBOHF-activated H2O2 production. N luxury induced the expression of ZmmiR528 in whole roots and root tips. Knockdown and loss-of-function of ZmmiR528 promoted CS formation under both N-luxury and N-deficient conditions. Both ZmMIR528a and ZmMIR528b contribute to early CS formation under different N conditions. RNA-seq and real-time RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that ZmLAC3, but not ZmLAC5, responded to N treatments. Consistent with results obtained with ZmmiR528 TM transgenic maize and mir528a/b loss-of-function mutants, transgenic maize overexpressing ZmLAC3 displayed early CS formation under different N conditions. Under field conditions, K, Ca, Mn, Cu, Mg, and Zn concentrations were greater in the ear leaf of ZmLAC3-overexpressing transgenic maize than in the wild type. These results indicate that ZmmiR528 affects CS formation in maize by regulating the expression of ZmLAC3, and modification of CS formation has the potential to improve maize quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yafei Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Huan Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qingguo Du
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhonghua Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoping Gong
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qing Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Wen-Xue Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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Liao B, Wang C, Li X, Man Y, Ruan H, Zhao Y. Genome-wide analysis of the Populus trichocarpa laccase gene family and functional identification of PtrLAC23. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1063813. [PMID: 36733583 PMCID: PMC9887407 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1063813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biofuel is a kind of sustainable, renewable and environment friendly energy. Lignocellulose from the stems of woody plants is the main raw material for "second generation biofuels". Lignin content limits fermentation yield and is therefore a major obstacle in biofuel production. Plant laccase plays an important role in the final step of lignin formation, which provides a new strategy for us to obtain ideal biofuels by regulating the expression of laccase genes to directly gain the desired lignin content or change the composition of lignin. METHODS Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis were used to classify PtrLAC genes; sequence features of PtrLACs were revealed by gene structure and motif composition analysis; gene duplication, interspecific collinearity and Ka/Ks analysis were conducted to identify ancient PtrLACs; expression levels of PtrLAC genes were measured by RNA-Seq data and qRT-PCR; domain analysis combine with cis-acting elements prediction together showed the potential function of PtrLACs. Furthermore, Alphafold2 was used to simulate laccase 3D structures, proLAC23::LAC23-eGFP transgenic Populus stem transects were applied to fluorescence observation. RESULTS A comprehensive analysis of the P. trichocarpa laccase gene (PtLAC) family was performed. Some ancient PtrLAC genes such as PtrLAC25, PtrLAC19 and PtrLAC41 were identified. Gene structure and distribution of conserved motifs clearly showed sequence characteristics of each PtrLAC. Combining published RNA-Seq data and qRT-PCR analysis, we revealed the expression pattern of PtrLAC gene family. Prediction results of cis-acting elements show that PtrLAC gene regulation was closely related to light. Through above analyses, we selected 5 laccases and used Alphafold2 to simulate protein 3D structures, results showed that PtrLAC23 may be closely related to the lignification. Fluorescence observation of proLAC23::LAC23-eGFP transgenic Populus stem transects and qRT-PCR results confirmed our hypothesis again. DISCUSSION In this study, we fully analyzed the Populus trichocarpa laccase gene family and identified key laccase genes related to lignification. These findings not only provide new insights into the characteristics and functions of Populus laccase, but also give a new understanding of the broad prospects of plant laccase in lignocellulosic biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Liao
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Environmental Biology and Life Support Technology, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Chencan Wang
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxu Li
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Man
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Hang Ruan
- School of Cyber Science and Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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Lima LGAD, Ferreira SS, Simões MS, Cunha LXD, Fernie AR, Cesarino I. Comprehensive expression analyses of the ABCG subfamily reveal SvABCG17 as a potential transporter of lignin monomers in the model C4 grass Setaria viridis. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 280:153900. [PMID: 36525838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Although several aspects of lignin metabolism have been extensively characterized, the mechanism(s) by which lignin monomers are transported across the plasma membrane remains largely unknown. Biochemical, proteomic, expression and co-expression analyses from several plant species support the involvement of active transporters, mainly those belonging to the ABC superfamily. Here, we report on the genome-wide characterization of the ABCG gene subfamily in the model C4 grass Setaria viridis and further identification of the members potentially involved in monolignol transport. A total of 48 genes encoding SvABCGs were found in the S. viridis genome, from which 21 SvABCGs were classified as full-size transporters and 27 as half-size transporters. Comprehensive analysis of the ABCG subfamily in S. viridis based on expression and co-expression analyses support a role for SvABCG17 in monolignol transport: (i) SvABCG17 is orthologous to AtABCG29, a monolignol transporter in Arabidopsis thaliana; (ii) SvABCG17 displays a similar expression profile to that of lignin biosynthetic genes in a set of different S. viridis tissues and along the elongating internode; (iii) SvABCG17 is highly co-expressed with lignin-related genes in a public transcriptomic database; (iv) SvABCG17displays particularly high expression in the top of the S. viridis elongating internode, a tissue undergoing active lignification; (v) SvABCG17 mRNA localization coincides with the histochemical pattern of lignin deposition; and (vi) the promoter of SvABCG17 is activated by secondary cell wall-associated transcription factors, especially by lignin-specific activators of the MYB family. Further studies might reveal further aspects of this potential monolignol transporter, including its real substrate specificity and whether it works redundantly with other ABC members during S. viridis lignification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leydson Gabriel Alves de Lima
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sávio Siqueira Ferreira
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcella Siqueira Simões
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Xavier da Cunha
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Igor Cesarino
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil; Synthetic and Systems Biology Center, InovaUSP, Avenida Professor Lucio Martins Rodrigues, 370, 05508-020, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Choi SJ, Lee Z, Kim S, Jeong E, Shim JS. Modulation of lignin biosynthesis for drought tolerance in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1116426. [PMID: 37152118 PMCID: PMC10157170 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1116426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is a complex polymer that is embedded in plant cell walls to provide physical support and water protection. For these reasons, the production of lignin is closely linked with plant adaptation to terrestrial regions. In response to developmental cues and external environmental conditions, plants use an elaborate regulatory network to determine the timing and location of lignin biosynthesis. In this review, we summarize the canonical lignin biosynthetic pathway and transcriptional regulatory network of lignin biosynthesis, consisting of NAC and MYB transcription factors, to explain how plants regulate lignin deposition under drought stress. Moreover, we discuss how the transcriptional network can be applied to the development of drought tolerant plants.
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