1
|
Zhou H, Zhang M, Chang Y, Feng C, Long Y. A method for separating tonoplast from wheat. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 299:154258. [PMID: 38761672 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Vacuoles account for 90% of plant cell volume and play important roles in maintaining osmotic pressure, storing metabolites and lysosomes, compartmentalizing harmful ions, and storing and reusing minerals. These functions closely relay on the ion channels and transporters located on the tonoplast. The separation of intact vacuoles from plant cells is the key technology utilized in the study of tonoplast-located ion channels and transporters. However, the current vacuole separation methods are available for Arabidopsis and some other dicotyledons but are lacking for monocot crops. In this study, we established a new method for the vacuole separation from wheat mesophyll cells and investigated the transmembrane proton flux of tonoplasts with non-invasive micro-test technology (NMT). Moreover, our study provides a technology for the study of vacuole functions in monocot crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Mancang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Ying Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Cuizhu Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China.
| | - Yu Long
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jan R, Asif S, Asaf S, Lubna, Khan Z, Khan W, Kim KM. Gamma-aminobutyric acid treatment promotes resistance against Sogatella furcifera in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1419999. [PMID: 39091314 PMCID: PMC11291254 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1419999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) (Homoptera: Delphacidae) is a white-backed planthopper (WBPH) that causes "hopper burn" in rice, resulting in severe yield loss. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a well-known neurotransmitter that inhibits neurotransmission in insects by binding to specific receptors. In this study, we investigated the potential role of GABA in modulating rice resistance to WBPH and evaluated possible defense mechanisms. The experiment was conducted in green house in pots consist of four groups: control, GABA-treated, WBPH-infested, and WBPH-infested treated with GABA. Among the various tested concentration of GABA, 15 mM GABA was applied as a single treatment in water. The treatment was administered one week before WBPH infestation. The results revealed that 15 mM GABA treatment strongly increased WBPH resistance. A plate-based assay indicated that direct application of 15 mM GABA increased the mortality rate of WBPH and increased the damage recovery rate in rice plants. We found that GABA treatment increased the activation of antioxidant enzymes and reduced the reactive oxygen species content and malondialdehyde contents, and reduced the damage rate caused by WBPH. Interestingly, GABA-supplemented plants infested with WBPH exhibited increased phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and pathogenesis-related (PR) genes expression levels. GABA induced the accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA) and salicylic acid (SA) and enhanced the stomata closure and reduced leaf vessels to reduce water conductance during WBPH stress. Furthermore, we found that GABA application to the plant induced the expression of Jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis genes (LOX, AOS, AOC, and OPR) and melatonin biosynthesis-related genes (TDC, T5H, ASMT, and SNAT). Our study suggested that GABA increases resistance against WBPH infestation by regulating antioxidant defense system, TCA cycle regulation, phytohormonal signaling, and PR gene regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahmatullah Jan
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Coastal Agriculture Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Saleem Asif
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- Natural and Medical Science Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Lubna
- Natural and Medical Science Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Zakirullah Khan
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Waleed Khan
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Coastal Agriculture Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jin D, Chen J, Kang Y, Yang F, Yu D, Liu X, Yan C, Guo Z, Zhang Y. Genome-wide characterization, transcriptome profiling, and functional analysis of the ALMT gene family in Medicago for aluminum resistance. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 297:154262. [PMID: 38703548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is the major limiting factor affecting plant productivity in acidic soils. Al3+ ions exhibit increased solubility at a pH below 5, leading to plant root tip toxicity. Alternatively, plants can perceive very low concentrations of Al3+, and Al triggers downstream signaling even at pH 5.7 without causing Al toxicity. The ALUMINUM-ACTIVATED-MALATE-TRANSPORTER (ALMT) family members act as anion channels, with some regulating the secretion of malate from root apices to chelate Al, which is a crucial mechanism for plant Al resistance. To date, the role of the ALMT gene family within the legume Medicago species has not been fully characterized. In this study, we investigated the ALMT gene family in M. sativa and M. truncatula and identified 68 MsALMTs and 18 MtALMTs, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis classified these genes into five clades, and synteny analysis uncovered genuine paralogs and orthologs. The real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that MtALMT8, MtALMT9, and MtALMT15 in clade 2-2b are expressed in both roots and root nodules, and MtALMT8 and MtALMT9 are significantly upregulated by Al in root tips. We also observed that MtALMT8 and MtALMT9 can partially restore the Al sensitivity of Atalmt1 in Arabidopsis. Moreover, transcriptome analysis examined the expression patterns of these genes in M. sativa in response to Al at both pH 5.7 and pH 4.6, as well as to protons, and found that Al and protons can independently induce some Al-resistance genes. Overall, our findings indicate that MtALMT8 and MtALMT9 may play a role in Al resistance, and highlight the resemblance between the ALMT genes in Medicago species and those in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dehui Jin
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinlong Chen
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yumeng Kang
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Yang
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongwen Yu
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengcheng Yan
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenfei Guo
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yang Zhang
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mu L, Wang X, Ma Y, Zhao A, Han S, Li R, Lei K, Ji L, Li P. Apple Glycosyltransferase MdUGT73AR4 Glycosylates ABA to Regulate Stomatal Movement Involved in Drought Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5672. [PMID: 38891859 PMCID: PMC11171509 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a drought-stress-responsive hormone that plays an important role in the stomatal activity of plant leaves. Currently, ABA glycosides have been identified in apples, but their glycosyltransferases for glycosylation modification of ABA are still unidentified. In this study, the mRNA expression of glycosyltransferase gene MdUGT73AR4 was significantly up-regulated in mature apple leaves which were treated in drought stress by Real-Time PCR. It was hypothesised that MdUGT73AR4 might play an important role in drought stress. In order to further characterise the glycosylation modification substrate of glycosyltransferase MdUGT73AR4, we demonstrated through in vitro and in vivo functional validation that MdUGT73AR4 can glycosylate ABA. Moreover, the overexpression lines of MdUGT73AR4 significantly enhance its drought stress resistance function. We also found that the adversity stress transcription factor AREB1B might be an upstream transcription factor of MdUGT73AR4 by bioinformatics, EMSA, and ChIP experiments. In conclusion, this study found that the adversity stress transcription factor AREB1B was significantly up-regulated at the onset of drought stress, which in turn positively regulated the downstream glycosyltransferase MdUGT73AR4, causing it to modify ABA by mass glycosylation and promoting the ABA synthesis pathway, resulting in the accumulation of ABA content, and displaying a stress-resistant phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lusha Ji
- State Key Laboratory for Macromolecule Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (L.M.); (X.W.); (Y.M.); (A.Z.); (S.H.); (R.L.); (K.L.)
| | - Pan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Macromolecule Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (L.M.); (X.W.); (Y.M.); (A.Z.); (S.H.); (R.L.); (K.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen G, Qin Y, Wang J, Li S, Zeng F, Deng F, Chater C, Xu S, Chen ZH. Stomatal evolution and plant adaptation to future climate. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024. [PMID: 38757448 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Global climate change is affecting plant photosynthesis and transpiration processes, as well as increasing weather extremes impacting socio-political and environmental events and decisions for decades to come. One major research challenge in plant biology and ecology is the interaction of photosynthesis with the environment. Stomata control plant gas exchange and their evolution was a crucial innovation that facilitated the earliest land plants to colonize terrestrial environments. Stomata couple homoiohydry, together with cuticles, intercellular gas space, with the endohydric water-conducting system, enabling plants to adapt and diversify across the planet. Plants control stomatal movement in response to environmental change through regulating guard cell turgor mediated by membrane transporters and signaling transduction. However, the origin, evolution, and active control of stomata remain controversial topics. We first review stomatal evolution and diversity, providing fossil and phylogenetic evidence of their origins. We summarize functional evolution of guard cell membrane transporters in the context of climate changes and environmental stresses. Our analyses show that the core signaling elements of stomatal movement are more ancient than stomata, while genes involved in stomatal development co-evolved de novo with the earliest stomata. These results suggest that novel stomatal development-specific genes were acquired during plant evolution, whereas genes regulating stomatal movement, especially cell signaling pathways, were inherited ancestrally and co-opted by dynamic functional differentiation. These two processes reflect the different adaptation strategies during land plant evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang Chen
- Central Laboratory, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- College of Agriculture, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Central Laboratory, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sujuan Li
- Central Laboratory, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fanrong Zeng
- College of Agriculture, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Fenglin Deng
- College of Agriculture, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Caspar Chater
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
- Plants, Photosynthesis, and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Shengchun Xu
- Central Laboratory, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Guo C, Shabala S, Chen ZH, Zhou M, Zhao C. Aluminium tolerance and stomata operation: Towards optimising crop performance in acid soil. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108626. [PMID: 38615443 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Stomatal operation is crucial for optimising plant water and gas exchange and represents a major trait conferring abiotic stress tolerance in plants. About 56% of agricultural land around the globe is classified as acidic, and Al toxicity is a major limiting factor affecting plant performance in such soils. While most of the research work in the field discusses the impact of major abiotic stresses such as drought or salinity on stomatal operation, the impact of toxic metals and, specifically aluminium (Al) on stomatal operation receives much less attention. We aim to fill this knowledge gap by summarizing the current knowledge of the adverse effects of acid soils on plant stomatal development and operation. We summarised the knowledge of stomatal responses to both long-term and transient Al exposure, explored molecular mechanisms underlying plant adaptations to Al toxicity, and elucidated regulatory networks that alleviate Al toxicity. It is shown that Al-induced stomatal closure involves regulations of core stomatal signalling components, such as ROS, NO, and CO2 and key elements of ABA signalling. We also discuss possible targets and pathway to modify stomatal operation in plants grown in acid soils thus reducing the impact of Al toxicity on plant growth and yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ce Guo
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, 7250, Australia
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, 7250, Australia; International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China; School of Biological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, 6009, Australia
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, 2751, Australia
| | - Meixue Zhou
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, 7250, Australia.
| | - Chenchen Zhao
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, 7250, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Blatt MR. A charged existence: A century of transmembrane ion transport in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:79-110. [PMID: 38163639 PMCID: PMC11060664 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
If the past century marked the birth of membrane transport as a focus for research in plants, the past 50 years has seen the field mature from arcane interest to a central pillar of plant physiology. Ion transport across plant membranes accounts for roughly 30% of the metabolic energy consumed by a plant cell, and it underpins virtually every aspect of plant biology, from mineral nutrition, cell expansion, and development to auxin polarity, fertilization, plant pathogen defense, and senescence. The means to quantify ion flux through individual transporters, even single channel proteins, became widely available as voltage clamp methods expanded from giant algal cells to the fungus Neurospora crassa in the 1970s and the cells of angiosperms in the 1980s. Here, I touch briefly on some key aspects of the development of modern electrophysiology with a focus on the guard cells of stomata, now without dispute the premier plant cell model for ion transport and its regulation. Guard cells have proven to be a crucible for many technical and conceptual developments that have since emerged into the mainstream of plant science. Their study continues to provide fundamental insights and carries much importance for the global challenges that face us today.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Blatt
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Glasgow, Bower Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li S, Wei L, Gao Q, Xu M, Wang Y, Lin Z, Holford P, Chen ZH, Zhang L. Molecular and phylogenetic evidence of parallel expansion of anion channels in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:2533-2548. [PMID: 38142233 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum-activated malate transporters (ALMTs) and slow anion channels (SLACs) are important in various physiological processes in plants, including stomatal regulation, nutrient uptake, and in response to abiotic stress such as aluminum toxicity. To understand their evolutionary history and functional divergence, we conducted phylogenetic and expression analyses of ALMTs and SLACs in green plants. Our findings from phylogenetic studies indicate that ALMTs and SLACs may have originated from green algae and red algae, respectively. The ALMTs of early land plants and charophytes formed a monophyletic clade consisting of three subgroups. A single duplication event of ALMTs was identified in vascular plants and subsequent duplications into six clades occurred in angiosperms, including an identified clade, 1-1. The ALMTs experienced gene number losses in clades 1-1 and 2-1 and expansions in clades 1-2 and 2-2b. Interestingly, the expansion of clade 1-2 was also associated with higher expression levels compared to genes in clades that experienced apparent loss. SLACs first diversified in bryophytes, followed by duplication in vascular plants, giving rise to three distinct clades (I, II, and III), and clade II potentially associated with stomatal control in seed plants. SLACs show losses in clades II and III without substantial expansion in clade I. Additionally, ALMT clade 2-2 and SLAC clade III contain genes specifically expressed in reproductive organs and roots in angiosperms, lycophytes, and mosses, indicating neofunctionalization. In summary, our study demonstrates the evolutionary complexity of ALMTs and SLACs, highlighting their crucial role in the adaptation and diversification of vascular plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Li
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Lanlan Wei
- College of Life Science, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yizhou Wang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhenguo Lin
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St.Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Paul Holford
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Liangsheng Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Miao Y, Hu X, Wang L, Schultze-Kraft R, Wang W, Chen Z. Characterization of SgALMT genes reveals the function of SgALMT2 in conferring aluminum tolerance in Stylosanthes guianensis through the mediation of malate exudation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 208:108535. [PMID: 38503187 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity is the major constraint on plant growth and productivity in acidic soils. An adaptive mechanism to enhance Al tolerance in plants is mediated malate exudation from roots through the involvement of ALMT (Al-activated malate transporter) channels. The underlying Al tolerance mechanisms of stylo (Stylosanthes guianensis), an important tropical legume that exhibits superior Al tolerance, remain largely unknown, and knowledge of the potential contribution of ALMT genes to Al detoxification in stylo is limited. In this study, stylo root growth was inhibited by Al toxicity, accompanied by increases in malate and citrate exudation from roots. A total of 11 ALMT genes were subsequently identified in the stylo genome and named SgALMT1 to SgALMT11. Diverse responses to metal stresses were observed for these SgALMT genes in stylo roots. Among them, the expressions of 6 out of the 11 SgALMTs were upregulated by Al toxicity. SgALMT2, a root-specific and Al-activated gene, was selected for functional characterization. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that the SgALMT2 protein is localized to the plasma membrane. The function of SgALMT2 in mediating malate release was confirmed by analysis of the malate exudation rate from transgenic composite stylo plants overexpressing SgALMT2. Furthermore, overexpression of SgALMT2 led to increased root growth in transgenic stylo plants treated with Al through decreased Al accumulation in roots. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that malate secretion mediated by SgALMT2 contributes to the ability of stylo to cope with Al toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Miao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rual Affairs/Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China; National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Sanya, 572024, China
| | - Xuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rual Affairs/Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China; National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Sanya, 572024, China
| | - Linjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rual Affairs/Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Rainer Schultze-Kraft
- Alliance of Bioversity International and International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Cali, 763537, Colombia
| | - Wenqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rual Affairs/Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China.
| | - Zhijian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rual Affairs/Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China; National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Sanya, 572024, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang C, Tetteh C, Luo S, Jin P, Hao X, Sun M, Fang N, Liu Y, Zhang H. Exogenous application of pectin triggers stomatal closure and immunity in Arabidopsis. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2024; 25:e13438. [PMID: 38393695 PMCID: PMC10887356 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Pectin has been extensively studied in animal immunity, and exogenous pectin as a food additive can provide protection against inflammatory bowel disease. However, the utility of pectin to improve immunity in plants is still unstudied. Here, we found exogenous application of pectin triggered stomatal closure in Arabidopsis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Additionally, pectin activated peroxidase and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), which subsequently increased cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+ ]cyt ) and was followed by nitric oxide (NO) production, leading to stomatal closure in an abscisic acid (ABA) and salicylic acid (SA) signalling-dependent mechanism. Furthermore, pectin enhanced the disease resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000) with mitogen-activated protein kinases (MPKs) MPK3/6 activated and upregulated expression of defence-responsive genes in Arabidopsis. These results suggested that exogenous pectin-induced stomatal closure was associated with ROS and NO production regulated by ABA and SA signalling, contributing to defence against Pst DC3000 in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Key Laboratory of Agri‐products Quality and Biosafety, Department of Plant PathologyCollege of Plant Protection, Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiAnhuiChina
| | - Charles Tetteh
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Key Laboratory of Agri‐products Quality and Biosafety, Department of Plant PathologyCollege of Plant Protection, Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiAnhuiChina
| | - Sheng Luo
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Key Laboratory of Agri‐products Quality and Biosafety, Department of Plant PathologyCollege of Plant Protection, Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiAnhuiChina
| | - Pinyuan Jin
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Key Laboratory of Agri‐products Quality and Biosafety, Department of Plant PathologyCollege of Plant Protection, Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiAnhuiChina
| | - Xingqian Hao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Key Laboratory of Agri‐products Quality and Biosafety, Department of Plant PathologyCollege of Plant Protection, Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiAnhuiChina
| | - Min Sun
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Key Laboratory of Agri‐products Quality and Biosafety, Department of Plant PathologyCollege of Plant Protection, Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiAnhuiChina
| | - Nan Fang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Key Laboratory of Agri‐products Quality and Biosafety, Department of Plant PathologyCollege of Plant Protection, Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiAnhuiChina
| | - Yingjun Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Key Laboratory of Agri‐products Quality and Biosafety, Department of Plant PathologyCollege of Plant Protection, Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiAnhuiChina
| | - Huajian Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Key Laboratory of Agri‐products Quality and Biosafety, Department of Plant PathologyCollege of Plant Protection, Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiAnhuiChina
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hou S, Rodrigues O, Liu Z, Shan L, He P. Small holes, big impact: Stomata in plant-pathogen-climate epic trifecta. MOLECULAR PLANT 2024; 17:26-49. [PMID: 38041402 PMCID: PMC10872522 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of stomatal aperture opening and closure represents an evolutionary battle between plants and pathogens, characterized by adaptive strategies that influence both plant resistance and pathogen virulence. The ongoing climate change introduces further complexity, affecting pathogen invasion and host immunity. This review delves into recent advances on our understanding of the mechanisms governing immunity-related stomatal movement and patterning with an emphasis on the regulation of stomatal opening and closure dynamics by pathogen patterns and host phytocytokines. In addition, the review explores how climate changes impact plant-pathogen interactions by modulating stomatal behavior. In light of the pressing challenges associated with food security and the unpredictable nature of climate changes, future research in this field, which includes the investigation of spatiotemporal regulation and engineering of stomatal immunity, emerges as a promising avenue for enhancing crop resilience and contributing to climate control strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuguo Hou
- Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agriculture Sciences in Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 261325, China; School of Municipal & Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China.
| | - Olivier Rodrigues
- Unité de Recherche Physiologie, Pathologie et Génétique Végétales, Université de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, INP-PURPAN, 31076 Toulouse, France
| | - Zunyong Liu
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Libo Shan
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ping He
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dabravolski SA, Isayenkov SV. Recent Updates on ALMT Transporters' Physiology, Regulation, and Molecular Evolution in Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3167. [PMID: 37687416 PMCID: PMC10490231 DOI: 10.3390/plants12173167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Aluminium toxicity and phosphorus deficiency in soils are the main interconnected problems of modern agriculture. The aluminium-activated malate transporters (ALMTs) comprise a membrane protein family that demonstrates various physiological functions in plants, such as tolerance to environmental Al3+ and the regulation of stomatal movement. Over the past few decades, the regulation of ALMT family proteins has been intensively studied. In this review, we summarise the current knowledge about this transporter family and assess their involvement in diverse physiological processes and comprehensive regulatory mechanisms. Furthermore, we have conducted a thorough bioinformatic analysis to decipher the functional importance of conserved residues, structural components, and domains. Our phylogenetic analysis has also provided new insights into the molecular evolution of ALMT family proteins, expanding their scope beyond the plant kingdom. Lastly, we have formulated several outstanding questions and research directions to further enhance our understanding of the fundamental role of ALMT proteins and to assess their physiological functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siarhei A. Dabravolski
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Braude Academic College of Engineering, Snunit 51, Karmiel 2161002, Israel;
| | - Stanislav V. Isayenkov
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Betty-Heimann-Strasse 3, 06120 Halle, Germany
- Department of Plant Food Products and Biofortification, Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Osipovskogo Str. 2a, 04123 Kyiv, Ukraine
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jaślan J, Marten I, Jakobson L, Arjus T, Deeken R, Sarmiento C, De Angeli A, Brosché M, Kollist H, Hedrich R. ALMT-independent guard cell R-type anion currents. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 239:2225-2234. [PMID: 37434346 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant transpiration is controlled by stomata, with S- and R-type anion channels playing key roles in guard cell action. Arabidopsis mutants lacking the ALMT12/QUAC1 R-type anion channel function in guard cells show only a partial reduction in R-type channel currents. The molecular nature of these remaining R-type anion currents is still unclear. To further elucidate this, patch clamp, transcript and gas-exchange measurements were performed with wild-type (WT) and different almt mutant plants. The R-type current fraction in the almt12 mutant exhibited the same voltage dependence, susceptibility to ATP block and lacked a chloride permeability as the WT. Therefore, we asked whether the R-type anion currents in the ALMT12/QUAC1-free mutant are caused by additional ALMT isoforms. In WT guard cells, ALMT12, ALMT13 and ALMT14 transcripts were detected, whereas only ALMT13 was found expressed in the almt12 mutant. Substantial R-type anion currents still remained active in the almt12/13 and almt12/14 double mutants as well as the almt12/13/14 triple mutant. In good agreement, CO2 -triggered stomatal closure required the activity of ALMT12 but not ALMT13 or ALMT14. The results suggest that, with the exception of ALMT12, channel species other than ALMTs carry the guard cell R-type anion currents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Jaślan
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg (JMU), Würzburg, D-97082, Germany
- IPSiM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, 34060, France
| | - Irene Marten
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg (JMU), Würzburg, D-97082, Germany
| | - Liina Jakobson
- Plant Signal Research Group, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, 50411, Estonia
- Estonian Crop Research Institute, J. Aamisepa 1, Jõgeva, 48309, Estonia
| | - Triinu Arjus
- Plant Signal Research Group, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, 50411, Estonia
| | - Rosalia Deeken
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg (JMU), Würzburg, D-97082, Germany
| | - Cecilia Sarmiento
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, 12618, Estonia
| | - Alexis De Angeli
- IPSiM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, 34060, France
| | - Mikael Brosché
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00790, Finland
| | - Hannes Kollist
- Plant Signal Research Group, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, 50411, Estonia
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg (JMU), Würzburg, D-97082, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang P, Wu Z, Chen G, Yu X. Understanding the response in Pugionium cornutum (L.) Gaertn. seedling leaves under drought stress using transcriptome and proteome integrated analysis. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15165. [PMID: 37033724 PMCID: PMC10078451 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background
Drought is one of the crucial constraints limiting horticultural plant’s production and development around the world. Pugionium cornutum is an annual or biennial xerophyte with strong environmental adaptability and drought resistance; however, the mechanisms with respect to response to drought stress remain largely unclear.
Methods
After seedling emergence, the gravimetric method was used to control soil relative water content (SRWC). Drought stress was applied to the six-leaf stage P. cornutum seedlings. The soil water content of different drought stress levels (L) was controlled by gravimetric method as follows: control (L1): 70–75% SRWC; moderate drought level (L2): 40–45% SRWC; severe drought level (L3): 30–35% SRWC, and the water was added to different drought stress levels at about 18:00 p.m. every day. The experiment ended when the leaves of P. cornutum showed severe wilting (10-leaf stage). Samples were harvested and stored at −80 °C for physiological determination, and transcriptomic and proteomic sequencing.
Results
Compared with L1, the leaves of P. cornutum seedlings were increasingly wilted after drought treatment; the SRWC of the drought-stress leaves decreased notably while the leaf water potential was rose; the proline, malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased with the continuous drought treatment but peroxidase (POD) activity decreased. Besides, 3,027 differential genes (DGs) and 196 differential proteins (DPs), along with 1,943 DGs and 489 DPs were identified in L2-L1 and L3-L1, respectively. The transcriptome and proteome integrated analysis manifested that only 30 and 70 were commonly regulated both in L2-L1 and L3-L1, respectively. Of which, 24 and 61 DGs or DPs showed the same trend including sHSPs, APX2, GSTU4, CML42, and POD, etc. However, most of DGs or DPs were regulated only at the transcriptome or proteome level mainly including genes encoding signal pathway (PYR1, PYLs, SnRK2J, PLC2, CDPK9/16/29, CML9, MAPKs), transcription factors (WRKYs, DREB2A, NAC055, NAC072, MYB and, HB7) and ion channel transporters (ALMT4, NHX1, NHX2 and TPK2). These genes or proteins were involved in multiple signaling pathways and some important metabolism processes, which offers valuable information on drought-responsive genes and proteins for further study in P. cornutum.
Collapse
|
15
|
Singh G, Ambreen H, Jain P, Chakraborty A, Singh B, Manivannan A, Bhatia S. Comparative transcriptomic and metabolite profiling reveals genotype-specific responses to Fe starvation in chickpea. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13897. [PMID: 36960640 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency is a major nutritional stress that severely impacts crop productivity worldwide. However, molecular intricacies and subsequent physiological and metabolic changes in response to Fe starvation, especially in leguminous crops like chickpea, remain elusive. In the present study, we investigated physiological, transcriptional, and metabolic reprogramming in two chickpea genotypes (H6013 and L4958) with contrasting seed iron concentrations upon Fe deficiency. Our findings revealed that iron starvation affected growth and physiological parameters of both chickpea genotypes. Comparative transcriptome analysis led to the identification of differentially expressed genes between the genotypes related to strategy I uptake, metal ions transporters, reactive oxygen species-associated genes, transcription factors, and protein kinases that could mitigate Fe deficiency. Our gene correlation network discovered several putative candidate genes like CIPK25, CKX3, WRKY50, NAC29, MYB4, and PAP18, which could facilitate the investigation of the molecular rationale underlying Fe tolerance in chickpea. Furthermore, the metabolite analysis also illustrated the differential accumulation of organic acids, amino acids and other metabolites associated with Fe mobilization in chickpea genotypes. Overall, our study demonstrated the comparative transcriptional dynamics upon Fe starvation. The outcomes of the current endeavor will enable the development of Fe deficiency tolerant chickpea cultivars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gourav Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, PO Box No. 10531, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Heena Ambreen
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, PO Box No. 10531, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Priyanka Jain
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, PO Box No. 10531, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Anirban Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, PO Box No. 10531, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Baljinder Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, PO Box No. 10531, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Abinaya Manivannan
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, PO Box No. 10531, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sabhyata Bhatia
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, PO Box No. 10531, New Delhi, 110067, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang C, Geng Y, Liu H, Wu M, Bi J, Wang Z, Dong X, Li X. Low-acidity ALUMINUM-DEPENDENT MALATE TRANSPORTER4 genotype determines malate content in cultivated jujube. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:414-427. [PMID: 36271866 PMCID: PMC9806563 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), the most economically important fruit tree in Rhamnaceae, was domesticated from sour jujube (Z. jujuba Mill. var. spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex H.F.Chow.). During domestication, fruit sweetness increased and acidity decreased. Reduction in organic acid content is crucial for the increase in sweetness of jujube fruit. In this study, the determination of malate content among 46 sour jujube and 35 cultivated jujube accessions revealed that malate content varied widely in sour jujube (0.90-13.31 mg g-1) but to a lesser extent in cultivated jujube (0.33-2.81 mg g-1). Transcriptome sequencing analysis showed that the expression level of Aluminum-Dependent Malate Transporter 4 (ZjALMT4) was substantially higher in sour jujube than in jujube. Correlation analysis of mRNA abundance and fruit malate content and transient gene overexpression showed that ZjALMT4 participates in malate accumulation. Further sequencing analyses revealed that three genotypes of the W-box in the promoter of ZjALMT4 in sour jujube associated with malate content were detected, and the genotype associated with low malate content was fixed in jujube. Yeast one-hybrid screening showed that ZjWRKY7 binds to the W-box region of the high-acidity genotype in sour jujube, whereas the binding ability was weakened in jujube. Transient dual-luciferase and overexpression analyses showed that ZjWRKY7 directly binds to the promoter of ZjALMT4, activating its transcription, and thereby promoting malate accumulation. These findings provide insights into the mechanism by which ZjALMT4 modulates malate accumulation in sour jujube and jujube. The results are of theoretical and practical importance for the exploitation and domestication of germplasm resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Zhang
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in downstream areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Yanqiu Geng
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in downstream areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Hanxiao Liu
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in downstream areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Mengjia Wu
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in downstream areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Jingxin Bi
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in downstream areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | | | | | - Xingang Li
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zi X, Wang W, Zhou S, Zhou F, Rao D, Shen P, Fang S, Wu B. Prolonged drought regulates the silage quality of maize ( Zea mays L.): Alterations in fermentation microecology. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1075407. [PMID: 36570957 PMCID: PMC9780442 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1075407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Prolonged drought stress caused by global warming poses a tremendous challenge to silage production of maize. Drought during maize growth and development resulted in altered micro-environment for silage fermentation. How fermentation of silage maize responds to moisture scales remains uncharted territory. In this research, Maize water control trials were conducted and the silage quality and microbial community of drought-affected maize were determined. The results showed that drought stress significantly reduced the dry matter but increased root-to-shoot ratio, soluble sugar and malonaldehyde content in maize. Before fermentation, the crude protein, crude ash and acid detergent fiber contents were significantly increased but the ether extract content was decreased under drought. The crude protein and acid detergent fiber were significantly decreased in the drought affected group after fermentation. Furthermore, water stress at maize maturity stage greatly reduced the number of total bacteria in silage fermentation but increased the proportion of the lactobacillus and lactic acid content of silage. Drought stress alters the microbial ecosystem of the fermentation process and reconstitutes the diversity of the bacterial community and its metabolites. This study provides a theoretical basis for the study of changes in silage fermentation as affected by abiotic stresses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Zi
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wan Wang
- Kunming Seed Management Station, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shiyong Zhou
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Dongyun Rao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Peng Shen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Siyang Fang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Bozhi Wu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhou H, Hu Z, Luo Y, Feng C, Long Y. Multiple ALMT subunits combine to form functional anion channels: A case study for rice ALMT7. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1012578. [PMID: 36452104 PMCID: PMC9702572 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1012578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Aluminum Activated Malate Transporter (ALMT) family members are anion channels that play important roles in organic acid transport, stress resistance, growth, development, fertilization and GABA responses. The rice malate permeable OsALMT7 influences panicle development and grain yield. A truncated OsALMT7 mutant, panicle apical abortion1 (paab1) lacking at least 2 transmembrane helices, mediates reduced malate efflux resulting in yield reducing. Here, we further investigated the contribution of OsALMT7 transmembrane helices to channel activity, using heterologous expression in Xenopus laevis oocytes. We further found that OsALMT7 formed as a homomer by co-expressing OsALMT7 and paab1 proteins in oocytes and detecting the physical interaction between two OsALMT7, and between OsALMT7 and paab1 mutant protein. Further study proved that not just OsALMT7, mutants of TaALMT1 inhibit wild-type TaALMT1 channel, indicating that ALMTs might perform channel function as homomers. Our discovery brings a light for ion channel structure and homomultimer regulation understanding for ALMT anion channels and potential for crop grain yield and stress response improvement in the context of the essential role of ALMTs in these plant processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yu Long
- *Correspondence: Yu Long, ; Cuizhu Feng,
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jiang W, Tong T, Chen X, Deng F, Zeng F, Pan R, Zhang W, Chen G, Chen ZH. Molecular response and evolution of plant anion transport systems to abiotic stress. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 110:397-412. [PMID: 34846607 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-021-01216-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We propose that anion channels are essential players for green plants to respond and adapt to the abiotic stresses associated changing climate via reviewing the literature and analyzing the molecular evolution, comparative genetic analysis, and bioinformatics analysis of the key anion channel gene families. Climate change-induced abiotic stresses including heatwave, elevated CO2, drought, and flooding, had a major impact on plant growth in the last few decades. This scenario could lead to the exposure of plants to various stresses. Anion channels are confirmed as the key factors in plant stress responses, which exist in the green lineage plants. Numerous studies on anion channels have shed light on their protein structure, ion selectivity and permeability, gating characteristics, and regulatory mechanisms, but a great quantity of questions remain poorly understand. Here, we review function of plant anion channels in cell signaling to improve plant response to environmental stresses, focusing on climate change related abiotic stresses. We investigate the molecular response and evolution of plant slow anion channel, aluminum-activated malate transporter, chloride channel, voltage-dependent anion channel, and mechanosensitive-like anion channel in green plant. Furthermore, comparative genetic and bioinformatic analysis reveal the conservation of these anion channel gene families. We also discuss the tissue and stress specific expression, molecular regulation, and signaling transduction of those anion channels. We propose that anion channels are essential players for green plants to adapt in a diverse environment, calling for more fundamental and practical studies on those anion channels towards sustainable food production and ecosystem health in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Tao Tong
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Fenglin Deng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Fanrong Zeng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Rui Pan
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Wenying Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Central Laboratory, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gilliham M, Xu B. γ-Aminobutyric acid may directly or indirectly regulate Arabidopsis ALMT9. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:1570-1573. [PMID: 36047833 PMCID: PMC9614470 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism by which GABA regulates stomatal pore aperture and anion transport activity of ALUMINUM-ACTIVATED MALATE TRANSPORTER 9 is debated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bo Xu
- Authors for correspondence: (M.G.), (B.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sasaki T, Ariyoshi M, Yamamoto Y, Mori IC. Functional roles of ALMT-type anion channels in malate-induced stomatal closure in tomato and Arabidopsis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:2337-2350. [PMID: 35672880 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Guard-cell-type aluminium-activated malate transporters (ALMTs) are involved in stomatal closure by exporting anions from guard cells. However, their physiological and electrophysiological functions are yet to be explored. Here, we analysed the physiological and electrophysiological properties of the ALMT channels in Arabidopsis and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). SlALMT11 was specifically expressed in tomato guard cells. External malate-induced stomatal closure was impaired in ALMT-suppressed lines of tomato and Arabidopsis, although abscisic acid did not influence the stomatal response in SlALMT11-knock-down tomato lines. Electrophysiological analyses in Xenopus oocytes showed that SlALMT11 and AtALMT12/QUAC1 exhibited characteristic bell-shaped current-voltage patterns dependent on extracellular malate, fumarate, and citrate. Both ALMTs could transport malate, fumarate, and succinate, but not citrate, suggesting that the guard-cell-type ALMTs are dicarboxylic anion channels activated by extracellular organic acids. The truncation of acidic amino acids, Asp or Glu, from the C-terminal end of SlALMT11 or AtALMT12/QUAC1 led to the disappearance of the bell-shaped current-voltage patterns. Our findings establish that malate-activated stomatal closure is mediated by guard-cell-type ALMT channels that require an acidic amino acid in the C-terminus as a candidate voltage sensor in both tomato and Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Sasaki
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Michiyo Ariyoshi
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoko Yamamoto
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Izumi C Mori
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ma Y, Hu L, Wu Y, Tang Z, Xiao X, Lyu J, Xie J, Yu J. Green Light Partial Replacement of Red and Blue Light Improved Drought Tolerance by Regulating Water Use Efficiency in Cucumber Seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:878932. [PMID: 35712603 PMCID: PMC9194611 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.878932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Light is one of the most important environmental signals in plant growth, development, and stress response. Green light has been proved to enhance plant defense against biotic and/or abiotic stress. To illustrate the effects of green light partially replaced red light and blue light on the plant under drought condition, cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Xinchun No. 4) seedlings were treated with short-term drought stress and were concomitantly exposed to four treatments, which were set up by adjusting the relative amount of green light as 0 (RB), 25 (RBG25), 50 (RBG50), and 75 (RBG75) μmol m-2 s-1, respectively, with a total photosynthetic photon flux density of 250 μmol m-2 s-1 and a fixed red-to-blue ratio of 4:1. The results showed that compared with RB, RBG50 significantly increased shoot fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW), root DW, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, and leaf dry mass per unit area (LMA) by 10.61, 7.69, 66.13, 6.22, 10.02, 4.10, and 12.41%, respectively. Also, the addition of green light significantly increased the root volume and root tip number. Moreover, green light partial replacement of red light and blue light increased total water content, especially free water content, improved leaf water status, and alleviated water loss in plants caused by drought stress. Also, the addition of green light increased net photosynthetic rate (Pn), reduced both stomata conductance (gs) and transpiration rate (E), enhanced the intrinsic water-use efficiency (WUE) and instantaneous water-use efficiency (iWUE) of leaves, and increased the content of chlorophylls a and b. Green light substituting a proportion of blue and red light regulated stomatal aperture by significantly increasing abscisic acid (ABA) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content. In addition, the increase of GABA was resulted from the upregulation of Glutamate Decarboxylase 2 (CsGAD2). However, the relative electrolytic leakage and contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide anion ( O 2 - ), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) vigorously decreased as the intensity of green light was added to the spectrum under drought. Conclusively, green light partially replaced red light and blue light and improved drought tolerance of cucumber seedlings by upregulating the expression of CsGAD2 gene and promoting the synthesis of GABA. The increase in GABA content further downregulated the expression of aluminum-activated malate transporter 9 (CsALMT9) gene, induced stomata to close, improved water utilization, and alleviated damage caused by drought. This study highlights a role of green light in plant physiological processes. Moreover, analyzing the function of green light on improving drought tolerance of plants could open alternative avenues for improving plant stress resilience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Ma
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Basic Experiment Teaching Center, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Linli Hu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yue Wu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhongqi Tang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Xiao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jian Lyu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianming Xie
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jihua Yu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kong HY, Zhu H, Zhou R, Akram NA, Wang YB, Jiao CJ, Xiong YC. Role of abscisic acid in modulating drought acclimation, agronomic characteristics and β-N-oxalyl-L-α,β-diaminopropionic acid (β-ODAP) accumulation in grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.). JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:2553-2562. [PMID: 34687471 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND β-N-oxalyl-l-α,β-diaminopropionic acid (β-ODAP) is a physiological indicator in response to drying soil. However, how abscisic acid (ABA) modulates β-ODAP accumulation and its related agronomic characteristics in drought stressed grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) continue to be unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of ABA addition on drought tolerance, agronomic characteristics and β-ODAP content in grass pea under drought stress. RESULTS Exogenous ABA significantly promoted ABA levels by 19.3% and 18.3% under moderate and severe drought stress, respectively, compared to CK (without ABA, used as control check treatment). ABA addition activated earlier trigger of non-hydraulic root-sourced signal at 69.1% field capacity (FC) (65.5% FC in CK) and accordingly prolonged its operation period to 45.6% FC (49.0% FC in CK). This phenomenon was mechanically associated with the physiological mediation of ABA, where its addition significantly promoted the activities of leaf superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase enzymes and the biosynthesis of leaf proline, simultaneously lowering the accumulation of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide under moderate and severe stresses. Interestingly, ABA application significantly increased seed β-ODAP content by 21.7% and 21.3% under moderate and severe drought stress, but did not change leaf β-ODAP content. Furthermore, ABA application produced similar shoot biomass and grain yield as control groups. CONCLUSION Exogenous ABA improved the drought adaptability of grass pea and promoted the synthesis of β-ODAP in seeds but not in leaves. Our findings provide novel insights into the agronomic role of ABA in relation to β-ODAP enrichment in grass pea subjected to drought stress. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan Kong
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Nudrat A Akram
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Yi-Bo Wang
- College of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui, China
| | - Cheng-Jing Jiao
- College of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui, China
| | - You-Cai Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Rui P, Yang X, Xu S, Wang Z, Zhou X, Jiang L, Jiang T. FvZFP1 confers transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana resistance against plant pathogens and improves tolerance to abiotic stresses. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 316:111176. [PMID: 35151459 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Zinc finger proteins can induce plant resistance and activate the expression of molecules involved in the resistance pathway in response to harsh environmental conditions. Previously, we found that a novel Fragaria vesca zinc finger protein interacts with the P6 protein encoded by a strawberry vein banding virus. However, the molecular mechanism of the zinc finger protein in plant stress resistance is still unknown. In this study, we reported the identification and functional characterization of the RING finger and CHY zinc finger domain-containing protein 1 (FvZFP1). The overexpression of FvZFP1 in Nicotiana benthamiana enhanced resistance to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000) infection by increasing ROS content. Additionally, FvZFP1 overexpression upregulated salicylic acid (SA) response-related gene expression as well as SA accumulation following TMV and Pst DC3000 infection. Furthermore, FvZFP1 overexpression resulted in increased salinity and drought stress tolerance by increasing SOD activity and decreasing MDA content. Overexpression of FvZFP1 also activated the ABA pathway under salinity or drought conditions. To our knowledge, this is the first study on the involvement of F. vesca zinc finger protein in crosstalk between biotic and abiotic stress signaling pathways, suggesting that FvZFP1 is a candidate gene for the improvement of resistance in response to multiple stresses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Penghuan Rui
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianchu Yang
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqiang Xu
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Plant Disease and Insect Pest, Institute of Plant Protection, China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Jiang
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tong Jiang
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
McDonald TR, Rizvi MF, Ruiter BL, Roy R, Reinders A, Ward JM. Posttranslational regulation of transporters important for symbiotic interactions. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 188:941-954. [PMID: 34850211 PMCID: PMC8825328 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Coordinated sharing of nutritional resources is a central feature of symbiotic interactions, and, despite the importance of this topic, many questions remain concerning the identification, activity, and regulation of transporter proteins involved. Recent progress in obtaining genome and transcriptome sequences for symbiotic organisms provides a wealth of information on plant, fungal, and bacterial transporters that can be applied to these questions. In this update, we focus on legume-rhizobia and mycorrhizal symbioses and how transporters at the symbiotic interfaces can be regulated at the protein level. We point out areas where more research is needed and ways that an understanding of transporter mechanism and energetics can focus hypotheses. Protein phosphorylation is a predominant mechanism of posttranslational regulation of transporters in general and at the symbiotic interface specifically. Other mechanisms of transporter regulation, such as protein-protein interaction, including transporter multimerization, polar localization, and regulation by pH and membrane potential are also important at the symbiotic interface. Most of the transporters that function in the symbiotic interface are members of transporter families; we bring in relevant information on posttranslational regulation within transporter families to help generate hypotheses for transporter regulation at the symbiotic interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tami R McDonald
- Department of Biology, St Catherine University, St Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Madeeha F Rizvi
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Bretton L Ruiter
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Rahul Roy
- Department of Biology, St Catherine University, St Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Anke Reinders
- College of Continuing and Professional Studies, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - John M Ward
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
- Author for communication:
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kashtoh H, Baek KH. Structural and Functional Insights into the Role of Guard Cell Ion Channels in Abiotic Stress-Induced Stomatal Closure. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122774. [PMID: 34961246 PMCID: PMC8707303 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A stomatal pore is formed by a pair of specialized guard cells and serves as a major gateway for water transpiration and atmospheric CO2 influx for photosynthesis in plants. These pores must be tightly controlled, as inadequate CO2 intake and excessive water loss are devastating for plants. When the plants are exposed to extreme weather conditions such as high CO2 levels, O3, low air humidity, and drought, the turgor pressure of the guard cells exhibits an appropriate response against these stresses, which leads to stomatal closure. This phenomenon involves a complex network of ion channels and their regulation. It is well-established that the turgor pressure of guard cells is regulated by ions transportation across the membrane, such as anions and potassium ions. In this review, the guard cell ion channels are discussed, highlighting the structure and functions of key ion channels; the SLAC1 anion channel and KAT1 potassium channel, and their regulatory components, emphasizing their significance in guard cell response to various stimuli.
Collapse
|
27
|
Abhilasha A, Roy Choudhury S. Molecular and Physiological Perspectives of Abscisic Acid Mediated Drought Adjustment Strategies. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122769. [PMID: 34961239 PMCID: PMC8708728 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Drought is the most prevalent unfavorable condition that impairs plant growth and development by altering morphological, physiological, and biochemical functions, thereby impeding plant biomass production. To survive the adverse effects, water limiting condition triggers a sophisticated adjustment mechanism orchestrated mainly by hormones that directly protect plants via the stimulation of several signaling cascades. Predominantly, water deficit signals cause the increase in the level of endogenous ABA, which elicits signaling pathways involving transcription factors that enhance resistance mechanisms to combat drought-stimulated damage in plants. These responses mainly include stomatal closure, seed dormancy, cuticular wax deposition, leaf senescence, and alteration of the shoot and root growth. Unraveling how plants adjust to drought could provide valuable information, and a comprehensive understanding of the resistance mechanisms will help researchers design ways to improve crop performance under water limiting conditions. This review deals with the past and recent updates of ABA-mediated molecular mechanisms that plants can implement to cope with the challenges of drought stress.
Collapse
|
28
|
Xu B, Sai N, Gilliham M. The emerging role of GABA as a transport regulator and physiological signal. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:2005-2016. [PMID: 35235673 PMCID: PMC8644139 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
While the proposal that γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acts a signal in plants is decades old, a signaling mode of action for plant GABA has been unveiled only relatively recently. Here, we review the recent research that demonstrates how GABA regulates anion transport through aluminum-activated malate transporters (ALMTs) and speculation that GABA also targets other proteins. The ALMT family of anion channels modulates multiple physiological processes in plants, with many members still to be characterized, opening up the possibility that GABA has broad regulatory roles in plants. We focus on the role of GABA in regulating pollen tube growth and stomatal pore aperture, and we speculate on its role in long-distance signaling and how it might be involved in cross talk with hormonal signals. We show that in barley (Hordeum vulgare), guard cell opening is regulated by GABA, as it is in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), to regulate water use efficiency, which impacts drought tolerance. We also discuss the links between glutamate and GABA in generating signals in plants, particularly related to pollen tube growth, wounding, and long-distance electrical signaling, and explore potential interactions of GABA signals with hormones, such as abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene. We conclude by postulating that GABA encodes a signal that links plant primary metabolism to physiological status to fine tune plant responses to the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xu
- Plant Transport and Signalling Lab, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Waite Research Institute, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
- Author for communication:
| | - Na Sai
- Plant Transport and Signalling Lab, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Waite Research Institute, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Matthew Gilliham
- Plant Transport and Signalling Lab, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Waite Research Institute, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Medeiros DB, Aarabi F, Martinez Rivas FJ, Fernie AR. The knowns and unknowns of intracellular partitioning of carbon and nitrogen, with focus on the organic acid-mediated interplay between mitochondrion and chloroplast. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 266:153521. [PMID: 34537467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The presence of specialized cellular compartments in higher plants express an extraordinary degree of intracellular organization, which provides efficient mechanisms to avoid misbalancing of the metabolism. This offers the flexibility by which plants can quickly acclimate to fluctuating environmental conditions. For that, a fine temporal and spatial regulation of metabolic pathways is required and involves several players e.g. organic acids. In this review we discuss different facets of the organic acid metabolism within plant cells with special focus to those related to the interactions between organic acids compartmentalization and the partitioning of carbon and nitrogen. The connections between organic acids and CO2 assimilation, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, amino acids metabolism, and redox status are highlighted. Moreover, the key enzymes and transporters as well as their function on the coordination of interorganellar metabolic exchanges are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David B Medeiros
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Fayezeh Aarabi
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Li B, Zeng Y, Cao W, Zhang W, Cheng L, Yin H, Wu Q, Wang X, Huang Y, Lau WCY, Yao ZP, Guo Y, Jiang L. A distinct giant coat protein complex II vesicle population in Arabidopsis thaliana. NATURE PLANTS 2021; 7:1335-1346. [PMID: 34621047 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-021-00997-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plants live as sessile organisms with large-scale gene duplication events and subsequent paralogue divergence during evolution. Notably, plant paralogues are expressed tissue-specifically and fine-tuned by phytohormones during various developmental processes. The coat protein complex II (COPII) is a highly conserved vesiculation machinery mediating protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus in eukaryotes1. Intriguingly, Arabidopsis COPII paralogues greatly outnumber those in yeast and mammals2-6. However, the functional diversity and underlying mechanism of distinct COPII paralogues in regulating protein endoplasmic reticulum export and coping with various adverse environmental stresses are poorly understood. Here we characterize a novel population of COPII vesicles produced in response to abscisic acid, a key phytohormone regulating abiotic stress responses in plants. These hormone-induced giant COPII vesicles are regulated by an Arabidopsis-specific COPII paralogue and carry stress-related channels/transporters for alleviating stresses. This study thus provides a new mechanism underlying abscisic acid-induced stress responses via the giant COPII vesicles and answers a long-standing question on the evolutionary significance of gene duplications in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baiying Li
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yonglun Zeng
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenhan Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenxin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lixin Cheng
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medicine College of Ji'nan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haidi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiangfeng Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Plant Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wilson Chun Yu Lau
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhong-Ping Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yusong Guo
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Liwen Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology and Agricultural Biotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Shelp BJ, Aghdam MS, Flaherty EJ. γ-Aminobutyrate (GABA) Regulated Plant Defense: Mechanisms and Opportunities. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1939. [PMID: 34579473 PMCID: PMC8468876 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Global climate change and associated adverse abiotic and biotic stress conditions affect plant growth and development, and agricultural sustainability in general. Abiotic and biotic stresses reduce respiration and associated energy generation in mitochondria, resulting in the elevated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are employed to transmit cellular signaling information in response to the changing conditions. Excessive ROS accumulation can contribute to cell damage and death. Production of the non-protein amino acid γ-aminobutyrate (GABA) is also stimulated, resulting in partial restoration of respiratory processes and energy production. Accumulated GABA can bind directly to the aluminum-activated malate transporter and the guard cell outward rectifying K+ channel, thereby improving drought and hypoxia tolerance, respectively. Genetic manipulation of GABA metabolism and receptors, respectively, reveal positive relationships between GABA levels and abiotic/biotic stress tolerance, and between malate efflux from the root and heavy metal tolerance. The application of exogenous GABA is associated with lower ROS levels, enhanced membrane stability, changes in the levels of non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants, and crosstalk among phytohormones. Exogenous GABA may be an effective and sustainable tolerance strategy against multiple stresses under field conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barry J. Shelp
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
| | - Morteza Soleimani Aghdam
- Department of Horticultural Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin 34148-96818, Iran;
| | - Edward J. Flaherty
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Genome-Wide Analysis, Evolutionary History and Response of ALMT Family to Phosphate Starvation in Brassica napus. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094625. [PMID: 33924853 PMCID: PMC8125224 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Low phosphorus (P) availability is one of the major constraints to plant growth, particularly in acidic soils. A possible mechanism for enhancing the use of sparsely soluble P forms is the secretion of malate in plants by the aluminum-activated malate transporter (ALMT) gene family. Despite its significance in plant biology, the identification of the ALMT gene family in oilseed rape (Brassica napus; B. napus), an allotetraploid crop, is unveiled. Herein, we performed genome-wide identification and characterization of ALMTs in B. napus, determined their gene expression in different tissues and monitored transcriptional regulation of BnaALMTs in the roots and leaves at both a sufficient and a deficient P supply. Thirty-nine BnaALMT genes were identified and were clustered into five branches in the phylogenetic tree based on protein sequences. Collinearity analysis revealed that most of the BnaALMT genes shared syntenic relationships among BnaALMT members in B. napus, which suggested that whole-genome duplication (polyploidy) played a major driving force for BnaALMTs evolution in addition to segmental duplication. RNA-seq analyses showed that most BnaALMT genes were preferentially expressed in root and leaf tissues. Among them, the expression of BnaC08g13520D, BnaC08g15170D, BnaC08g15180D, BnaC08g13490D, BnaC08g13500D, BnaA08g26960D, BnaC05g14120D, BnaA06g12560D, BnaC05g20630D, BnaA07g02630D, BnaA04g15700D were significantly up-regulated in B. napus roots and leaf at a P deficient supply. The current study analyzes the evolution and the expression of the ALMT family in B. napus, which will help in further research on their role in the enhancement of soil P availability by secretion of organic acids.
Collapse
|
33
|
Klejchova M, Silva-Alvim FAL, Blatt MR, Alvim JC. Membrane voltage as a dynamic platform for spatiotemporal signaling, physiological, and developmental regulation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:1523-1541. [PMID: 33598675 PMCID: PMC8133626 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Membrane voltage arises from the transport of ions through ion-translocating ATPases, ion-coupled transport of solutes, and ion channels, and is an integral part of the bioenergetic "currency" of the membrane. The dynamics of membrane voltage-so-called action, systemic, and variation potentials-have also led to a recognition of their contributions to signal transduction, both within cells and across tissues. Here, we review the origins of our understanding of membrane voltage and its place as a central element in regulating transport and signal transmission. We stress the importance of understanding voltage as a common intermediate that acts both as a driving force for transport-an electrical "substrate"-and as a product of charge flux across the membrane, thereby interconnecting all charge-carrying transport across the membrane. The voltage interconnection is vital to signaling via second messengers that rely on ion flux, including cytosolic free Ca2+, H+, and the synthesis of reactive oxygen species generated by integral membrane, respiratory burst oxidases. These characteristics inform on the ways in which long-distance voltage signals and voltage oscillations give rise to unique gene expression patterns and influence physiological, developmental, and adaptive responses such as systemic acquired resistance to pathogens and to insect herbivory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Klejchova
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Bower Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Fernanda A L Silva-Alvim
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Bower Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Michael R Blatt
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Bower Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
- Author for communication:
| | - Jonas Chaves Alvim
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Bower Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Xu B, Long Y, Feng X, Zhu X, Sai N, Chirkova L, Betts A, Herrmann J, Edwards EJ, Okamoto M, Hedrich R, Gilliham M. GABA signalling modulates stomatal opening to enhance plant water use efficiency and drought resilience. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1952. [PMID: 33782393 PMCID: PMC8007581 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21694-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The non-protein amino acid γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been proposed to be an ancient messenger for cellular communication conserved across biological kingdoms. GABA has well-defined signalling roles in animals; however, whilst GABA accumulates in plants under stress it has not been determined if, how, where and when GABA acts as an endogenous plant signalling molecule. Here, we establish endogenous GABA as a bona fide plant signal, acting via a mechanism not found in animals. Using Arabidopsis thaliana, we show guard cell GABA production is necessary and sufficient to reduce stomatal opening and transpirational water loss, which improves water use efficiency and drought tolerance, via negative regulation of a stomatal guard cell tonoplast-localised anion transporter. We find GABA modulation of stomata occurs in multiple plants, including dicot and monocot crops. This study highlights a role for GABA metabolism in fine tuning physiology and opens alternative avenues for improving plant stress resilience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xu
- Plant Transport and Signalling Lab, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Waite Research Institute, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Precinct, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Yu Long
- Plant Transport and Signalling Lab, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Waite Research Institute, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Precinct, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Xueying Feng
- Plant Transport and Signalling Lab, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Waite Research Institute, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Precinct, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Xujun Zhu
- Plant Transport and Signalling Lab, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Waite Research Institute, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Na Sai
- Plant Transport and Signalling Lab, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Waite Research Institute, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Precinct, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Larissa Chirkova
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Precinct, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- ARC Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Wheat in a Hot and Dry Climate, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Annette Betts
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Johannes Herrmann
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Mamoru Okamoto
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Precinct, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- ARC Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Wheat in a Hot and Dry Climate, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthew Gilliham
- Plant Transport and Signalling Lab, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Waite Research Institute, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia.
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Precinct, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cubero-Font P, De Angeli A. Connecting vacuolar and plasma membrane transport networks. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 229:755-762. [PMID: 33007120 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The coordinated control of ion transport across the two major membranes of differentiated plant cells, the plasma and the vacuolar membranes, is fundamental in cell physiology. The stomata responses to the fluctuating environmental conditions are an illustrative example. Indeed, they rely on the coordination of ion fluxes between the different cell compartments. The cytosolic environment, which is an interface between intracellular compartments, and the activity of the ion transporters localised in the different membranes influence one each other. Here we analyse the molecular mechanisms connecting and modulating the transport processes at both the plasma and the vacuolar membranes of guard cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Cubero-Font
- BPMP, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, 34060, France
| | - Alexis De Angeli
- BPMP, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, 34060, France
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
PhosPhAt 4.0: An Updated Arabidopsis Database for Searching Phosphorylation Sites and Kinase-Target Interactions. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2358:189-202. [PMID: 34270056 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1625-3_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The PhosPhAt 4.0 database contains information on Arabidopsis phosphorylation sites identified by mass spectrometry in large-scale experiments from different research groups. So far PhosPhAt 4.0 has been one of the most significant large-scale data resources for plant phosphorylation studies. Functionalities of the web application, besides display of phosphorylation sites, include phosphorylation site prediction and kinase-target relationships retrieval. Here, we present an overview and user instructions for the PhosPhAt 4.0 database, with strong emphasis on recent renewals regarding protein annotation by SUBA4.0 and Mapman4, and additional phosphorylation site information imported from other databases, such as UniProt. Here, we provide a user guide for the retrieval of phosphorylation motifs from the kinase-target database and how to visualize these results. The improvements incorporated into the PhosPhAt 4.0 database have produced much more functionality and user flexibility for phosphoproteomic analysis.
Collapse
|
37
|
Jose J, Roy Choudhury S. Heterotrimeric G-proteins mediated hormonal responses in plants. Cell Signal 2020; 76:109799. [PMID: 33011291 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Phytohormones not only orchestrate intrinsic developmental programs from germination to senescence but also regulate environmental inputs through complex signalling pathways. Despite building an own signalling network, hormones mutually contribute several signalling systems, which are also essential for plant growth and development, defense, and responses to abiotic stresses. One of such important signalling cascades is G-proteins, which act as critical regulators of a wide range of fundamental cellular processes by transducing receptor signals to the intracellular environment. G proteins are composed of α, β, and γ subunits, and the molecular switching between active and inactive conformation of Gα controls the signalling cycle. The active GTP bound Gα and freed Gβγ have both independent and tightly coordinated roles in the regulation of effector molecules, thereby modulating multiple responses, including hormonal responses. Therefore, an interplay of hormones with G-proteins fine-tunes multiple biological processes of plants; however, their molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. Functional characterization of hormone biosynthesis, perception, and signalling components, as well as identification of few effector molecules of G-proteins and their interaction networks, reduces the complexity of the hormonal signalling networks related to G-proteins. In this review, we highlight a valuable insight into the mechanisms of how the G-protein signalling cascades connect with hormonal responses to regulate increased developmental flexibility as well as remarkable plasticity of plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jismon Jose
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517507, India
| | - Swarup Roy Choudhury
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517507, India.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abscisic Acid Biosynthesis and Signaling in Plants: Key Targets to Improve Water Use Efficiency and Drought Tolerance. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10186322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The observation of a much-improved fitness of wild-type plants over abscisic acid (ABA)-deficient mutants during drought has led researchers from all over to world to perform experiments aiming at a better understanding of how this hormone modulates the physiology of plants under water-limited conditions. More recently, several promising approaches manipulating ABA biosynthesis and signaling have been explored to improve water use efficiency and confer drought tolerance to major crop species. Here, we review recent progress made in the last decade on (i) ABA biosynthesis, (ii) the roles of ABA on plant-water relations and on primary and secondary metabolisms during drought, and (iii) the regulation of ABA levels and perception to improve water use efficiency and drought tolerance in crop species.
Collapse
|
39
|
Lefoulon C, Boxall SF, Hartwell J, Blatt MR. Crassulacean acid metabolism guard cell anion channel activity follows transcript abundance and is suppressed by apoplastic malate. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 227:1847-1857. [PMID: 32367511 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plants utilising crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) concentrate CO2 around RuBisCO while reducing transpirational water loss associated with photosynthesis. Unlike stomata of C3 and C4 species, CAM stomata open at night for the mesophyll to fix CO2 into malate (Mal) and store it in the vacuole. CAM plants decarboxylate Mal in the light, generating high CO2 concentrations within the leaf behind closed stomata for refixation by RuBisCO. CO2 may contribute to stomatal closure but additional mechanisms, plausibly including Mal activation of anion channels, ensure closure in the light. In the CAM species Kalanchoë fedtschenkoi, we found that guard cell anion channel activity, recorded under voltage clamp, follows KfSLAC1 and KfALMT12 transcript abundance, declining to near zero by the end of the light period. Unexpectedly, however, we found that extracellular Mal inhibited the anion current of Kalanchoë guard cells, both in wild-type and RNAi mutants with impaired Mal metabolism. We conclude that the diurnal cycle of anion channel gene transcription, rather than the physiological signal of Mal release, is a key factor in the inverted CAM stomatal cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Lefoulon
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Glasgow, Bower Building, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Susanna F Boxall
- Department of Functional and Comparative Genomics, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool,, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - James Hartwell
- Department of Functional and Comparative Genomics, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool,, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Michael R Blatt
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Glasgow, Bower Building, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Dynamic measurement of cytosolic pH and [NO 3 -] uncovers the role of the vacuolar transporter AtCLCa in cytosolic pH homeostasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:15343-15353. [PMID: 32546525 PMCID: PMC7334523 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2007580117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ion transporters are key players of cellular processes. The mechanistic properties of ion transporters have been well elucidated by biophysical methods. Meanwhile, the understanding of their exact functions in cellular homeostasis is limited by the difficulty of monitoring their activity in vivo. The development of biosensors to track subtle changes in intracellular parameters provides invaluable tools to tackle this challenging issue. AtCLCa (Arabidopsis thaliana Chloride Channel a) is a vacuolar NO3 -/H+ exchanger regulating stomata aperture in A thaliana Here, we used a genetically encoded biosensor, ClopHensor, reporting the dynamics of cytosolic anion concentration and pH to monitor the activity of AtCLCa in vivo in Arabidopsis guard cells. We first found that ClopHensor is not only a Cl- but also, an NO3 - sensor. We were then able to quantify the variations of NO3 - and pH in the cytosol. Our data showed that AtCLCa activity modifies cytosolic pH and NO3 - In an AtCLCa loss of function mutant, the cytosolic acidification triggered by extracellular NO3 - and the recovery of pH upon treatment with fusicoccin (a fungal toxin that activates the plasma membrane proton pump) are impaired, demonstrating that the transport activity of this vacuolar exchanger has a profound impact on cytosolic homeostasis. This opens a perspective on the function of intracellular transporters of the Chloride Channel (CLC) family in eukaryotes: not only controlling the intraorganelle lumen but also, actively modifying cytosolic conditions.
Collapse
|
41
|
Yuan C, Han J, Chang H, Xiao W. Arabidopsis CK2 family gene CKB3 involved in abscisic acid signaling. BRAZ J BIOL 2020; 81:318-325. [PMID: 32491060 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.225345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CKB3 is a regulatory (beta) subunit of CK2. In this study Arabidopsis thaliana homozygous T-DNA mutant ckb3 was studied to understand the role of CKB3 in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. The results shown: CKB3 was expressed in all organs and the highest expression in the seeds, followed by the root. During seed germination and root growth the ckb3 mutant showed reduced sensitivity to ABA. The ckb3 mutant had more stomatal opening and increased proline accumulation and leaf water loss. The expression levels of number of genes in the ABA regulatory network had changed. This study demonstrates that CKB3 is an ABA signaling-related gene and may play a positive role in ABA signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Yuan
- College of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, PR China
| | - J Han
- College of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, PR China
| | - H Chang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Handan University, Handan, PR China
| | - W Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Patel JS, Selvaraj V, Gunupuru LR, Kharwar RN, Sarma BK. Plant G-protein signaling cascade and host defense. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:219. [PMID: 32355593 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02201-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The heterotrimeric guanine-nucleotide-binding proteins (G-proteins) play a crucial role in signal transduction and regulate plant responses against biotic and abiotic stresses. Necrotrophic pathogens trigger Gα subunit and, in contrast, sometimes Gβγ dimers. Beneficial microbes play a vital role in the activation of heterotrimeric G-proteins in plants against biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens. The subunits of G-protein (α, β, and γ) are activated differentially against different kinds of pathogens which in turn regulates the entry of the pathogen in a plant cell. Defense mediated by G-proteins in plants imparts resistance against several pathogens. Activation of different G-protein subunits depends on the mode of nutrition of the pathogen. The current review discussed the role of the three subunits against various pathogens. It appeared to be specific in the individual host-pathogen system as well as the role of effectors in the induction of G-proteins. We also discussed the G-protein-mediated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including H2O2, activation of NADPH oxidases, hypersensitive response (HR), phospholipases, and ion channels in response to microorganisms.
Collapse
|
43
|
Gong Z, Xiong L, Shi H, Yang S, Herrera-Estrella LR, Xu G, Chao DY, Li J, Wang PY, Qin F, Li J, Ding Y, Shi Y, Wang Y, Yang Y, Guo Y, Zhu JK. Plant abiotic stress response and nutrient use efficiency. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2020; 63:635-674. [PMID: 32246404 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-020-1683-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 521] [Impact Index Per Article: 130.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses and soil nutrient limitations are major environmental conditions that reduce plant growth, productivity and quality. Plants have evolved mechanisms to perceive these environmental challenges, transmit the stress signals within cells as well as between cells and tissues, and make appropriate adjustments in their growth and development in order to survive and reproduce. In recent years, significant progress has been made on many fronts of the stress signaling research, particularly in understanding the downstream signaling events that culminate at the activation of stress- and nutrient limitation-responsive genes, cellular ion homeostasis, and growth adjustment. However, the revelation of the early events of stress signaling, particularly the identification of primary stress sensors, still lags behind. In this review, we summarize recent work on the genetic and molecular mechanisms of plant abiotic stress and nutrient limitation sensing and signaling and discuss new directions for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liming Xiong
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowlong Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huazhong Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Shuhua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Luis R Herrera-Estrella
- Plant and Soil Science Department (IGCAST), Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.,Unidad de Genómica Avanzada (Langebio), Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Irapuato, 36610, México.,College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guohua Xu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Dai-Yin Chao
- National Key laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jingrui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Peng-Yun Wang
- School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, 457000, China
| | - Feng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jijang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanglin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yiting Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yongqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Jian-Kang Zhu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ting HM, Cheah BH, Chen YC, Yeh PM, Cheng CP, Yeo FKS, Vie AK, Rohloff J, Winge P, Bones AM, Kissen R. The Role of a Glucosinolate-Derived Nitrile in Plant Immune Responses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:257. [PMID: 32211010 PMCID: PMC7076197 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Glucosinolates are defense-related secondary metabolites found in Brassicaceae. When Brassicaceae come under attack, glucosinolates are hydrolyzed into different forms of glucosinolate hydrolysis products (GHPs). Among the GHPs, isothiocyanates are the most comprehensively characterized defensive compounds, whereas the functional study of nitriles, another group of GHP, is still limited. Therefore, this study investigates whether 3-butenenitrile (3BN), a nitrile, can trigger the signaling pathways involved in the regulation of defense responses in Arabidopsis thaliana against biotic stresses. Briefly, the methodology is divided into three stages, (i) evaluate the physiological and biochemical effects of exogenous 3BN treatment on Arabidopsis, (ii) determine the metabolites involved in 3BN-mediated defense responses in Arabidopsis, and (iii) assess whether a 3BN treatment can enhance the disease tolerance of Arabidopsis against necrotrophic pathogens. As a result, a 2.5 mM 3BN treatment caused lesion formation in Arabidopsis Columbia (Col-0) plants, a process found to be modulated by nitric oxide (NO). Metabolite profiling revealed an increased production of soluble sugars, Krebs cycle associated carboxylic acids and amino acids in Arabidopsis upon a 2.5 mM 3BN treatment, presumably via NO action. Primary metabolites such as sugars and amino acids are known to be crucial components in modulating plant defense responses. Furthermore, exposure to 2.0 mM 3BN treatment began to increase the production of salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) phytohormones in Arabidopsis Col-0 plants in the absence of lesion formation. The production of SA and JA in nitrate reductase loss-of function mutant (nia1nia2) plants was also induced by the 3BN treatments, with a greater induction for JA. The SA concentration in nia1nia2 plants was lower than in Col-0 plants, confirming the previously reported role of NO in controlling SA production in Arabidopsis. A 2.0 mM 3BN treatment prior to pathogen assays effectively alleviated the leaf lesion symptom of Arabidopsis Col-0 plants caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum ssp. carotovorum and Botrytis cinerea and reduced the pathogen growth on leaves. The findings of this study demonstrate that 3BN can elicit defense response pathways in Arabidopsis, which potentially involves a coordinated crosstalk between NO and phytohormone signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hieng-Ming Ting
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Boon Huat Cheah
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Chen
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Min Yeh
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Ping Cheng
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Freddy Kuok San Yeo
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
| | - Ane Kjersti Vie
- Cell, Molecular Biology and Genomics Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jens Rohloff
- Cell, Molecular Biology and Genomics Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Per Winge
- Cell, Molecular Biology and Genomics Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Atle M. Bones
- Cell, Molecular Biology and Genomics Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ralph Kissen
- Cell, Molecular Biology and Genomics Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Genome-Wide Identification of Aluminum-Activated Malate Transporter (ALMT) Gene Family in Rubber Trees (Hevea brasiliensis) Highlights Their Involvement in Aluminum Detoxification. FORESTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/f11020142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) is a widely cultivated crop in tropical acidic soil that is tolerant to high concentration of aluminum and the aluminum-activated malate transporter (ALMT) plays an important role in plant aluminum detoxification. However, the effects of ALMT on rubber tree aluminum tolerance, growth performance, and latex production are unclear. In this study, 17 HbALMT genes were identified from the genome of rubber trees. The physiological and biochemical characteristics, phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, conserved motifs, cis-elements of promoter, and expression patterns of the identified HbALMT genes were studied. Phylogenetic relationships indicated that these genes were divided into four clusters and genes in the same cluster have similar gene structures and conserved motifs. The promoters of HbALMT genes contain many cis-elements associated with biotic stress and abiotic stress. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed HbALMTs showed various expression patterns in different tissues, indicating the functional diversity of HbALMT genes in different tissues of rubber trees. Transcriptome analysis and qRT-PCR assay showed that most of the HbALMT genes responded to aluminum stress, and among the 17 HbALMTs, HbALMT1, HbALMT2, HbALMT13, and HbALMT15 displayed higher expression levels in roots after two or five days of Al treatments, indicating their potential involvement in aluminum detoxification. Taken together, this study laid a foundation for further understanding the molecular evolution of the ALMT genes and their involvement in rubber tree aluminum adaption.
Collapse
|
46
|
Xu W, Tang W, Wang C, Ge L, Sun J, Qi X, He Z, Zhou Y, Chen J, Xu Z, Ma YZ, Chen M. SiMYB56 Confers Drought Stress Tolerance in Transgenic Rice by Regulating Lignin Biosynthesis and ABA Signaling Pathway. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:785. [PMID: 32625221 PMCID: PMC7314972 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) originated in China and is generally cultivated in arid and barren soil. Through long-term harsh environmental selection, foxtail millet has acquired significant drought resistance. However, the molecular mechanism of foxtail millet drought resistance is still unknown. Here, we identified a drought-induced R2R3-MYB transcription factor SiMYB56 in foxtail millet. Overexpression of SiMYB56 significantly enhances tolerance to drought stress in transgenic rice plants at both the vegetative and the reproductive stage and has no adverse effect on its normal growth. Compared with wild-type controls, SiMYB56-overexpressing rice plants had lower MDA content and higher lignin content under drought conditions. Quantitative real-time PCR and Transcriptional activity assays demonstrated that SiMYB56 could activate expression of lignin biosynthesis genes under drought conditions. Also, we found that overexpression of SiMYB56 can led to ABA accumulation in the seeds transgenic rice plants. Further experiments showed that Overexpression of SiMYB56 can upregulate the expression of ABA synthesis and response related genes under drought conditions. In conclusion, SiMYB56 may enhance the drought resistance of transgenic rice plants by regulating lignin biosynthesis and ABA signaling pathway, making SiMYB56 a candidate gene for drought resistance improvement in gramineous crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiya Xu
- National Key Facility for Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wensi Tang
- National Key Facility for Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunxiao Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linhao Ge
- National Key Facility for Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianchang Sun
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yongning, China
| | - Xin Qi
- National Key Facility for Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhang He
- National Key Facility for Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongbin Zhou
- National Key Facility for Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Chen
- National Key Facility for Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoshi Xu
- National Key Facility for Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - You-Zhi Ma
- National Key Facility for Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: You-Zhi Ma,
| | - Ming Chen
- National Key Facility for Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Ming Chen,
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Huang Y, Xu PH, Hou BZ, Shen YY. Strawberry tonoplast transporter, FaVPT1, controls phosphate accumulation and fruit quality. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:2715-2729. [PMID: 31151133 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is essential for plant growth and development, and the vacuole is an important organelle for phosphate storage. However, the tonoplast phosphate transporter in fleshy fruits remains unknown. In this study, based on the strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) fruit transcriptome data, a tonoplast-localized vacuolar phosphate transporter with SPX and major facilitator superfamily domains, FaVPT1, was identified. FaVPT1 expression was highest in the fruits and could be induced by sucrose. Using transient transgenic systems in strawberry fruit, the downregulation and upregulation of FaVPT1 inhibited and promoted ripening, respectively, and affected phosphate contents, fruit firmness, sugar and anthocyanin contents, and ripening-related gene transcription. FaVPT1 could rescue Pi absorption in both yeast and the Arabidopsis atvpt1 mutant, confirming the similar function of FaVPT1 and AtVPT1, a previously identified tonoplast phosphate transporter in Arabidopsis. The Escherichia coli-expressed SPX domain of FaVPT1 could strongly bind to InsP6 with a Kd of 3.5 μM. The results demonstrate that FaVPT1 is a tonoplast phosphate transporter and regulates strawberry fruit ripening and quality, to a large extent, via sucrose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
- Bei Jing Bei Nong Enterprise Management Co., Ltd., Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Peng-Hao Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Bing-Zhu Hou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yuan-Yue Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Sánchez-Vicente I, Fernández-Espinosa MG, Lorenzo O. Nitric oxide molecular targets: reprogramming plant development upon stress. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:4441-4460. [PMID: 31327004 PMCID: PMC6736187 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Plants are sessile organisms that need to complete their life cycle by the integration of different abiotic and biotic environmental signals, tailoring developmental cues and defense concomitantly. Commonly, stress responses are detrimental to plant growth and, despite the fact that intensive efforts have been made to understand both plant development and defense separately, most of the molecular basis of this trade-off remains elusive. To cope with such a diverse range of processes, plants have developed several strategies including the precise balance of key plant growth and stress regulators [i.e. phytohormones, reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and reactive oxygen species (ROS)]. Among RNS, nitric oxide (NO) is a ubiquitous gasotransmitter involved in redox homeostasis that regulates specific checkpoints to control the switch between development and stress, mainly by post-translational protein modifications comprising S-nitrosation of cysteine residues and metals, and nitration of tyrosine residues. In this review, we have sought to compile those known NO molecular targets able to balance the crossroads between plant development and stress, with special emphasis on the metabolism, perception, and signaling of the phytohormones abscisic acid and salicylic acid during abiotic and biotic stress responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Sánchez-Vicente
- Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Instituto Hispano-Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Guadalupe Fernández-Espinosa
- Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Instituto Hispano-Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Oscar Lorenzo
- Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Instituto Hispano-Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Asaoka M, Inoue SI, Gunji S, Kinoshita T, Maeshima M, Tsukaya H, Ferjani A. Excess Pyrophosphate within Guard Cells Delays Stomatal Closure. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 60:875-887. [PMID: 30649470 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcz002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
A variety of cellular metabolic reactions generate inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) as an ATP hydrolysis byproduct. The vacuolar H+-translocating pyrophosphatase (H+-PPase) loss-of-function fugu5 mutant is susceptible to drought and displays pleotropic postgerminative growth defects due to excess PPi. It was recently reported that stomatal closure after abscisic acid (ABA) treatment is delayed in vhp1-1, a fugu5 allele. In contrast, we found that specific removal of PPi rescued all of the above fugu5 developmental and growth defects. Hence, we speculated that excess PPi itself, rather than vacuolar acidification, might delay stomatal closure. To test this hypothesis, we constructed transgenic plants expressing the yeast IPP1 gene (encoding a cytosolic pyrophosphatase) driven by a guard cell-specific promoter (pGC1::IPP1) in the fugu5 background. Our measurements confirmed stomatal closure defects in fugu5, further supporting a role for H+-PPase in stomatal functioning. Importantly, while pGC1::IPP1 transgenics morphologically mimicked fugu5, stomatal closure was restored in response to ABA and darkness. Quantification of water loss revealed that fugu5 stomata were almost completely insensitive to ABA. In addition, growth of pGC1::IPP1 plants was promoted compared to fugu5 throughout their life; however, it did not reach the wild type level. fugu5 also displayed an increased stomatal index, in violation of the one-cell-spacing rule, and phenotypes recovered upon removal of PPi by pAVP1::IPP1 (FUGU5, VHP1 and AVP1 are the same gene encoding H+-PPase), but not in the pGC1::IPP1 line. Taken together, these results clearly support our hypothesis that dysfunction in stomata is triggered by excess PPi within guard cells, probably via perturbed guard cell metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Asaoka
- Department of Biology, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Inoue
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shizuka Gunji
- United Graduated School of Education, Tokyo Gakugei University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshinori Kinoshita
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Maeshima
- Laboratory of Cell Dynamics, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Tsukaya
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ali Ferjani
- Department of Biology, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei-shi, Tokyo, Japan
- United Graduated School of Education, Tokyo Gakugei University, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Saito S, Uozumi N. Guard Cell Membrane Anion Transport Systems and Their Regulatory Components: An Elaborate Mechanism Controlling Stress-Induced Stomatal Closure. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8010009. [PMID: 30609843 PMCID: PMC6359458 DOI: 10.3390/plants8010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
When plants are exposed to drastic environmental changes such as drought, salt or bacterial invasion, rapid stomatal movement confers tolerance to these stresses. This process involves a variety of guard cell expressed ion channels and their complex regulation network. Inward K+ channels mainly function in stomatal opening. On the other hand, guard cell anion channels play a crucial role in the closing of stomata, which is vital in terms of preventing water loss and bacterial entrance. Massive progress has been made on the research of these anion channels in the last decade. In this review, we focus on the function and regulation of Arabidopsis guard cell anion channels. Starting from SLAC1, a main contributor of stomatal closure, members of SLAHs (SLAC1 homologues), AtNRTs (Nitrate transporters), AtALMTs (Aluminum-activated malate transporters), ABC transporters, AtCLCs (Chloride channels), DTXs (Detoxification efflux carriers), SULTRs (Sulfate transporters), and their regulator components are reviewed. These membrane transport systems are the keys to maintaining cellular ion homeostasis against fluctuating external circumstances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunya Saito
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aobayama 6-6-07, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| | - Nobuyuki Uozumi
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aobayama 6-6-07, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|