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Zhao N, Zhao J, Li S, Li B, Lv J, Gao X, Xu X, Lu S. The Response of Endogenous ABA and Soluble Sugars of Platycladus orientalis to Drought and Post-Drought Rehydration. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:194. [PMID: 38534463 DOI: 10.3390/biology13030194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
To uncover the internal mechanisms of various drought stress intensities affecting the soluble sugar content in organs and its regulation by endogenous abscisic acid (ABA), we selected the saplings of Platycladus orientalis, a typical tree species in the Beijing area, as our research subject. We investigated the correlation between tree soluble sugars and endogenous ABA in the organs (comprised of leaf, branch, stem, coarse root, and fine root) under two water treatments. One water treatment was defined as T1, which stopped watering until the potted soil volumetric water content (SWC) reached the wilting coefficient and then rewatered the sapling. The other water treatment, named T2, replenished 95% of the total water loss of one potted sapling every day and irrigated the above-mentioned sapling after its SWC reached the wilt coefficients. The results revealed that (1) the photosynthetic physiological parameters of P. orientalis were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) under fast and slow drought processes. The photosynthetic physiological parameters of P. orientalis in the fast drought-rehydration treatment group recovered faster relative to the slow drought-rehydration treatment group. (2) The fast and slow drought treatments significantly (p < 0.05) increased the ABA and soluble sugar contents in all organs. The roots of the P. orientalis exhibited higher sensitivity in ABA and soluble sugar content to changes in soil moisture dynamics compared to other organs. (3) ABA and soluble sugar content of P. orientalis showed a significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) under fast and slow drought conditions. During the rehydration stage, the two were significantly correlated in the T2 treatment (p < 0.05). In summary, soil drought rhythms significantly affected the photosynthetic parameters, organ ABA, and soluble sugar content of P. orientalis. This study elucidates the adaptive mechanisms of P. orientalis plants to drought and rehydration under the above-mentioned two water drought treatments, offering theoretical insights for selecting and cultivating drought-tolerant tree species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhao
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Beijing Yanshan Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forest and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Jiahui Zhao
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Beijing Yanshan Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forest and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100093, China
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Shaoning Li
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Beijing Yanshan Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forest and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100093, China
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Beijing Yanshan Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forest and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Jiankui Lv
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Beijing Yanshan Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forest and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100093, China
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Beijing Yanshan Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forest and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100093, China
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xiaotian Xu
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Beijing Yanshan Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forest and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Shaowei Lu
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Beijing Yanshan Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forest and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100093, China
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
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2
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Vilonen L, Ross M, Smith MD. What happens after drought ends: synthesizing terms and definitions. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:420-431. [PMID: 35377474 PMCID: PMC9322664 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Drought is intensifying globally with climate change, creating an urgency to understand ecosystem response to drought both during and after these events end to limit loss of ecosystem functioning. The literature is replete with studies of how ecosystems respond during drought, yet there are far fewer studies focused on ecosystem dynamics after drought ends. Furthermore, while the terms used to describe drought can be variable and inconsistent, so can those that describe ecosystem responses following drought. With this review, we sought to evaluate and create clear definitions of the terms that ecologists use to describe post-drought responses. We found that legacy effects, resilience and recovery were used most commonly with respect to post-drought ecosystem responses, but the definitions used to describe these terms were variable. Based on our review of the literature, we propose a framework for generalizing ecosystem responses after drought ends, which we refer to as 'the post-drought period'. We suggest that future papers need to clearly describe characteristics of the imposed drought, and we encourage authors to use the term post-drought period as a general term that encompasses responses after drought ends and use other terms as more specific descriptors of responses during the post-drought period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Vilonen
- Department of BiologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80521USA
- Graduate Degree Program in EcologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80521USA
| | - Maggie Ross
- Department of BiologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80521USA
- Graduate Degree Program in EcologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80521USA
| | - Melinda D. Smith
- Department of BiologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80521USA
- Graduate Degree Program in EcologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80521USA
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3
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Fu Q, Shao Y, Wang S, Liu F, Tian G, Chen Y, Yuan Z, Ye Y. Soil Microbial Distribution Depends on Different Types of Landscape Vegetation in Temperate Urban Forest Ecosystems. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.858254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although soil microbes play an important role in the functioning of the forest ecosystem, our understanding of the spatial distribution characteristics of soil microbes among different vegetation types in urban forest ecosystems is poor. In this study, with the help of high-throughput sequencing, we examined the vegetation type preferences of soil microbes (fungi and bacteria) and then analyzed the microbe–environment (plant community, light availability, soil properties) relations in a temperate urban forest in China. Our results showed that the soil microbial (bacterial and fungal) richness of deciduous forest was higher than that of evergreen, and mixed forests. The spatial distribution of fungi was more specialized than that of bacteria among different vegetation types. The driving forces of environmental factors on soil bacteria and fungi were different. Our findings suggest that different vegetation types favor the occurrence of different microbes, and the relationships between soil microbes and environmental factors depend on different vegetation types in this temperate urban forest. These findings shed new light on the biodiversity conservation of microbes in temperate urban forests and point to the potential importance of vegetation types for microbe formation.
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4
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Olatunji OA, Pan K, Tariq A, Okunlola GO, Wang D, Raimi IO, Zhang L. Planting Systems Affect Soil Microbial Communities and Enzymes Activities Differentially under Drought and Phosphorus Addition. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:319. [PMID: 35161298 PMCID: PMC8839870 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The use of phosphorus (P) to alleviate soil nutrient deficiency alters resources in plant and microbial communities, but it remains unknown how mixed and monospecific planting of forest tree species shape soil microbial structure and functions in response to drought and its interplay with phosphorus addition. We investigated the microbial structure and chemical properties of forest soils planted with P. zhennan monoculture, A. cremastogyne monoculture, and their mixed cultures. The three planting systems were exposed to drought (30-35% water reduction) and the combination of drought with P. A well-watered treatment (80-85% water addition) of similar combinations was used as the control. Planting systems shaped the effects of drought on the soil microbial properties leading to an increase in nitrate nitrogen, urease activity, and microbial biomass carbon in the monocultures, but decrease in mixed cultures. In the monoculture of P. zhennan, addition of P to drought-treated soil increased enzyme activities, the concentration of dissolved organic nitrogen, and carbon, leading to increase in the total bacteria, G+ bacteria, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Except in the drought with P addition treatment, the impact of admixing on total phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs), bacterial PLFA, and fungi PLFA was synergistic in all treatments. Our findings indicated that in monoculture of P. zhennan and its mixed planting with A. cremastogyne, greater biological activities could be established under drought conditions with the addition of P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olusanya Abiodun Olatunji
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo 230261, Nigeria;
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Kaiwen Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Akash Tariq
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Gideon Olarewaju Okunlola
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo 230261, Nigeria;
| | - Dong Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, China;
| | - Idris Olawale Raimi
- Department of Biology, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, P.O. Box 139, Medunsa 0204, South Africa;
| | - Lin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China;
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5
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Martin‐Guay M, Belluau M, Côté B, Handa IT, Jewell MD, Khlifa R, Munson AD, Rivest M, Whalen JK, Rivest D. Tree identity and diversity directly affect soil moisture and temperature but not soil carbon ten years after planting. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8509. [PMID: 35136558 PMCID: PMC8809433 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil C is the largest C pool in forest ecosystems that contributes to C sequestration and mitigates climate change. Tree diversity enhances forest productivity, so diversifying the tree species composition, notably in managed forests, could increase the quantity of organic matter being transferred to soils and alter other soil properties relevant to the C cycle.A ten-year-old tree diversity experiment was used to study the effects of tree identity and diversity (functional and taxonomic) on soils. Surface (0-10 cm) mineral soil was repeatedly measured for soil C concentration, C:N ratio, pH, moisture, and temperature in twenty-four tree species mixtures and twelve corresponding monocultures (replicated in four blocks).Soil pH, moisture, and temperature responded to tree diversity and identity. Greater productivity in above- and below-ground tree components did not increase soil C concentration. Soil pH increased and soil moisture decreased with functional diversity, more specifically, when species had different growth strategies and shade tolerances. Functional identity affected soil moisture and temperature, such that tree communities with more slow-growing and shade-tolerant species had greater soil moisture and temperature. Higher temperature was measured in communities with broadleaf-deciduous species compared to communities with coniferous-evergreen species.We conclude that long-term soil C cycling in forest plantations will likely respond to changes in soil pH, moisture, and temperature that is mediated by tree species composition, since tree species affect these soil properties through their litter quality, water uptake, and physical control of soil microclimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc‐Olivier Martin‐Guay
- Institut des Sciences de la Forêt Tempérée (ISFORT)Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO)RiponQuebecCanada
| | - Michaël Belluau
- Département des Sciences BiologiquesUniversité du Québec à Montréal (UQÀM)MontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Benoit Côté
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences (NRS)McGill UniversityMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Ira Tanya Handa
- Département des Sciences BiologiquesUniversité du Québec à Montréal (UQÀM)MontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Mark D. Jewell
- Department of BiologyMcGill UniversityMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Rim Khlifa
- Département Science et TechnologieUniversité TÉLUQMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Alison D. Munson
- Département des Sciences du Bois et de la ForêtUniversité LavalQuébecQuebecCanada
| | - Maxime Rivest
- Department of BiologyMcGill UniversityMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Joann K. Whalen
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences (NRS)McGill UniversityMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - David Rivest
- Institut des Sciences de la Forêt Tempérée (ISFORT)Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO)RiponQuebecCanada
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6
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Microbial Community Resilience across Ecosystems and Multiple Disturbances. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2021; 85:85/2/e00026-20. [PMID: 33789927 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00026-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of ecosystems to withstand disturbances and maintain their functions is being increasingly tested as rates of change intensify due to climate change and other human activities. Microorganisms are crucial players underpinning ecosystem functions, and the recovery of microbial communities from disturbances is therefore a key part of the complex processes determining the fate of ecosystem functioning. However, despite global environmental change consisting of numerous pressures, it is unclear and controversial how multiple disturbances affect microbial community stability and what consequences this has for ecosystem functions. This is particularly the case for those multiple or compounded disturbances that occur more frequently than the normal recovery time. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the mechanisms that can govern the responses of microbes to multiple disturbances across aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. We first summarize and discuss properties and mechanisms that influence resilience in aquatic and soil biomes to determine whether there are generally applicable principles. Following, we focus on interactions resulting from inherent characteristics of compounded disturbances, such as the nature of the disturbance, timing, and chronology that can lead to complex and nonadditive effects that are modulating the response of microorganisms.
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7
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van der Plas F, Schröder-Georgi T, Weigelt A, Barry K, Meyer S, Alzate A, Barnard RL, Buchmann N, de Kroon H, Ebeling A, Eisenhauer N, Engels C, Fischer M, Gleixner G, Hildebrandt A, Koller-France E, Leimer S, Milcu A, Mommer L, Niklaus PA, Oelmann Y, Roscher C, Scherber C, Scherer-Lorenzen M, Scheu S, Schmid B, Schulze ED, Temperton V, Tscharntke T, Voigt W, Weisser W, Wilcke W, Wirth C. Plant traits alone are poor predictors of ecosystem properties and long-term ecosystem functioning. Nat Ecol Evol 2020; 4:1602-1611. [PMID: 33020598 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-020-01316-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Earth is home to over 350,000 vascular plant species that differ in their traits in innumerable ways. A key challenge is to predict how natural or anthropogenically driven changes in the identity, abundance and diversity of co-occurring plant species drive important ecosystem-level properties such as biomass production or carbon storage. Here, we analyse the extent to which 42 different ecosystem properties can be predicted by 41 plant traits in 78 experimentally manipulated grassland plots over 10 years. Despite the unprecedented number of traits analysed, the average percentage of variation in ecosystem properties jointly explained was only moderate (32.6%) within individual years, and even much lower (12.7%) across years. Most other studies linking ecosystem properties to plant traits analysed no more than six traits and, when including only six traits in our analysis, the average percentage of variation explained in across-year levels of ecosystem properties dropped to 4.8%. Furthermore, we found on average only 12.2% overlap in significant predictors among ecosystem properties, indicating that a small set of key traits able to explain multiple ecosystem properties does not exist. Our results therefore suggest that there are specific limits to the extent to which traits per se can predict the long-term functional consequences of biodiversity change, so that data on additional drivers, such as interacting abiotic factors, may be required to improve predictions of ecosystem property levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fons van der Plas
- Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Life Science, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Thomas Schröder-Georgi
- Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Life Science, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexandra Weigelt
- Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Life Science, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kathryn Barry
- Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Life Science, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sebastian Meyer
- Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Adriana Alzate
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Romain L Barnard
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Université Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | | | - Hans de Kroon
- Department of Experimental Plant Ecology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Anne Ebeling
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Markus Fischer
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gerd Gleixner
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Anke Hildebrandt
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany.,Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Sophia Leimer
- Institute of Geography and Geoecology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alexandru Milcu
- Ecotron Européen de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France.,Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, CNRS-Université de Montpellier-Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier-EPHE, Montpellier, France
| | - Liesje Mommer
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Pascal A Niklaus
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Christiane Roscher
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Physiological Diversity, UFZ, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christoph Scherber
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Centre for Biodiversity Monitoring, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Scheu
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, Animal Ecology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Schmid
- Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Vicky Temperton
- Leuphana University Lüneburg, Institute of Ecology, Universitätsallee 1, Lüneburg, Germany
| | - Teja Tscharntke
- Agroecology, Dept. of Crop Sciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Winfried Voigt
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Weisser
- Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wilcke
- Institute of Geography and Geoecology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christian Wirth
- Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Life Science, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
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8
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Gillespie LM, Fromin N, Milcu A, Buatois B, Pontoizeau C, Hättenschwiler S. Higher tree diversity increases soil microbial resistance to drought. Commun Biol 2020; 3:377. [PMID: 32665673 PMCID: PMC7360603 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-1112-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Predicted increases in drought frequency and severity may change soil microbial functioning. Microbial resistance and recovery to drought depend on plant community characteristics, among other factors, yet how changes in plant diversity modify microbial drought responses is uncertain. Here, we assessed how repeated drying-rewetting cycles affect soil microbial functioning and whether tree species diversity modifies these effects with a microcosm experiment using soils from different European forests. Our results show that microbial aerobic respiration and denitrification decline under drought but are similar in single and mixed tree species forests. However, microbial communities from mixed forests resist drought better than those from mono-specific forests. This positive tree species mixture effect is robust across forests differing in environmental conditions and species composition. Our data show that mixed forests mitigate drought effects on soil microbial processes, suggesting greater stability of biogeochemical cycling in mixed forests should drought frequency increase in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Gillespie
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), CNRS, UMR 5175, Université de Montpellier, Université Paul Valéry, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France.
| | - Nathalie Fromin
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), CNRS, UMR 5175, Université de Montpellier, Université Paul Valéry, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Alexandru Milcu
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), CNRS, UMR 5175, Université de Montpellier, Université Paul Valéry, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
- Ecotron Européen de Montpellier, CNRS, UPS, 32980, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
| | - Bruno Buatois
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), CNRS, UMR 5175, Université de Montpellier, Université Paul Valéry, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Clovis Pontoizeau
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), CNRS, UMR 5175, Université de Montpellier, Université Paul Valéry, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Stephan Hättenschwiler
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), CNRS, UMR 5175, Université de Montpellier, Université Paul Valéry, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
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9
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Nikinmaa L, Lindner M, Cantarello E, Jump AS, Seidl R, Winkel G, Muys B. Reviewing the Use of Resilience Concepts in Forest Sciences. CURRENT FORESTRY REPORTS 2020; 6:61-80. [PMID: 35747899 PMCID: PMC7612878 DOI: 10.1007/s40725-020-00110-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Resilience is a key concept to deal with an uncertain future in forestry. In recent years, it has received increasing attention from both research and practice. However, a common understanding of what resilience means in a forestry context and how to operationalise it is lacking. Here, we conducted a systematic review of the recent forest science literature on resilience in the forestry context, synthesizing how resilience is defined and assessed. RECENT FINDINGS Based on a detailed review of 255 studies, we analysed how the concepts of engineering resilience, ecological resilience and social-ecological resilience are used in forest sciences. A clear majority of the studies applied the concept of engineering resilience, quantifying resilience as the recovery time after a disturbance. The two most used indicators for engineering resilience were basal area increment and vegetation cover, whereas ecological resilience studies frequently focus on vegetation cover and tree density. In contrast, important social-ecological resilience indicators used in the literature are socioeconomic diversity and stock of natural resources. In the context of global change, we expected an increase in studies adopting the more holistic social-ecological resilience concept, but this was not the observed trend. SUMMARY Our analysis points to the nestedness of these three resilience concepts, suggesting that they are complementary rather than contradictory. It also means that the variety of resilience approaches does not need to be an obstacle for operationalisation of the concept. We provide guidance for choosing the most suitable resilience concept and indicators based on the management, disturbance and application context.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Nikinmaa
- European Forest Institute, Platz der Vereinten Nationen 7, 53113 Bonn, Germany
- Division of Forest, Nature and Landscape, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E, Box 2411, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - M. Lindner
- European Forest Institute, Platz der Vereinten Nationen 7, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - E. Cantarello
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Bournemouth University, Poole BH12 5BB, UK
| | - A. S. Jump
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK
| | - R. Seidl
- Institute of Silviculture, Department of Forest- and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences in Vienna, Peter Jordan Str. 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria
- Ecosystem Dynamics and Forest Management Group, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - G. Winkel
- European Forest Institute, Platz der Vereinten Nationen 7, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - B. Muys
- Division of Forest, Nature and Landscape, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E, Box 2411, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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10
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Chen X, Chen HYH, Chen C, Ma Z, Searle EB, Yu Z, Huang Z. Effects of plant diversity on soil carbon in diverse ecosystems: a global meta-analysis. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:167-183. [PMID: 31625247 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a valuable resource for mediating global climate change and securing food production. Despite an alarming rate of global plant diversity loss, uncertainties concerning the effects of plant diversity on SOC remain, because plant diversity not only stimulates litter inputs via increased productivity, thus enhancing SOC, but also stimulates microbial respiration, thus reducing SOC. By analysing 1001 paired observations of plant mixtures and corresponding monocultures from 121 publications, we show that both SOC content and stock are on average 5 and 8% higher in species mixtures than in monocultures. These positive mixture effects increase over time and are more pronounced in deeper soils. Microbial biomass carbon, an indicator of SOC release and formation, also increases, but the proportion of microbial biomass carbon in SOC is lower in mixtures. Moreover, these species-mixture effects are consistent across forest, grassland, and cropland systems and are independent of background climates. Our results indicate that converting 50% of global forests from mixtures to monocultures would release an average of 2.70 Pg C from soil annually over a period of 20 years: about 30% of global annual fossil-fuel emissions. Our study highlights the importance of plant diversity preservation for the maintenance of soil carbon sequestration in discussions of global climate change policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinli Chen
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Han Y H Chen
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada.,Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, 32 Shangshan Rd, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Zilong Ma
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Eric B Searle
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Zaipeng Yu
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, 32 Shangshan Rd, Fuzhou, 350007, China.,Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, 32 Shangshan Rd, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Zhiqun Huang
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, 32 Shangshan Rd, Fuzhou, 350007, China.,Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, 32 Shangshan Rd, Fuzhou, 350007, China
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11
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Li Q, Wang N, Liu X, Liu S, Wang H, Zhang W, Wang R, Du N. Growth and physiological responses to successional water deficit and recovery in four warm-temperate woody species. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2019; 167:645-660. [PMID: 30637759 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Plant responses to drought and their subsequent rehydration can provide evidence for forest dynamics within the context of climate change. In this study, the seedlings of two native species (Vitex negundo var. heterophylla, Quercus acutissima) and two exotic species (Robinia pseudoacacia, Amorpha fruticosa) to China were selected in a greenhouse experiment. The gas exchange, stem hydraulic parameters, plant osmoprotectant contents and antioxidant activities of the seedlings that were subjected to sustained drought and rehydration (test group) as well as those of well-irrigated seedlings (control group) were measured. The two native species exhibited a greater degree of isohydry with drought because they limited the stomatal opening timely from the onset of the drought. However, the two exotic species showed a more 'water spender'-like strategy with R. pseudoacacia showing anisohydric responses and A. fruticosa showing isohydrodynamic responses to drought. Severe drought significantly decreased the leaf gas exchange rates and hydraulic properties, whereas the instantaneous water use efficiency and osmoprotectant contents increased markedly. Most of the physiological parameters recovered rapidly after mild drought rehydration, but the water potential and/or supply of nonstructural carbohydrates did not recover after severe drought rehydration. The results demonstrate that the xylem hydraulic conductivity and shoot water potential jointly play a crucial role in the drought recovery of woody plants. In brief, the native species may play a dominant role in the future in warm-temperate forests because they employ a better balance between carbon gain and water loss than the alien species under extreme drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Vegetation Ecology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Vegetation Ecology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Vegetation Ecology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Shuna Liu
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Vegetation Ecology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Vegetation Ecology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Wenxin Zhang
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Vegetation Ecology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Renqing Wang
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Vegetation Ecology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Ning Du
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Vegetation Ecology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
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12
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Bennett JA, Koch AM, Forsythe J, Johnson NC, Tilman D, Klironomos J. Resistance of soil biota and plant growth to disturbance increases with plant diversity. Ecol Lett 2019; 23:119-128. [PMID: 31650676 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Plant diversity is critical to the functioning of ecosystems, potentially mediated in part by interactions with soil biota. Here, we characterised multiple groups of soil biota across a plant diversity gradient in a long-term experiment. We then subjected soil samples taken along this gradient to drought, freezing and a mechanical disturbance to test how plant diversity affects the responses of soil biota and growth of a focal plant to these disturbances. High plant diversity resulted in soils that were dominated by fungi and associated soil biota, including increased arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and reduced plant-feeding nematodes. Disturbance effects on the soil biota were reduced when plant diversity was high, resulting in higher growth of the focal plant in all but the frozen soils. These results highlight the importance of plant diversity for soil communities and their resistance to disturbance, with potential feedback effects on plant productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Bennett
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Alexander M Koch
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Okanagan campus, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Jennifer Forsythe
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Okanagan campus, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Nancy C Johnson
- School of Earth and Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011-5694, USA
| | - David Tilman
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55108, USA
| | - John Klironomos
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Okanagan campus, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
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13
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Chen C, Chen HYH, Chen X. Functional diversity enhances, but exploitative traits reduce tree mixture effects on microbial biomass. Funct Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management Lakehead University Thunder Bay ON Canada
| | - Han Y. H. Chen
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management Lakehead University Thunder Bay ON Canada
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco‐geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education Fujian Normal University Fuzhou China
| | - Xinli Chen
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management Lakehead University Thunder Bay ON Canada
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14
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Konstantinou S, Monokrousos N, Kapagianni P, Menkissoglu‐Spiroudi U, Gwynn‐Jones D, Stamou GP, Papatheodorou EM. Instantaneous responses of microbial communities to stress in soils pretreated with
Mentha spicata
essential oil and/or inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus. Ecol Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.12030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sotiris Konstantinou
- Department of Ecology, School of Biology Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Nikos Monokrousos
- Department of Soil Science of Athens, Institute of Soil and Water Resources Hellenic Agricultural Organization‐DEMETER Athens Greece
| | - Pantelitsa Kapagianni
- Department of Ecology, School of Biology Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Urania Menkissoglu‐Spiroudi
- Laboratory of Pesticide Science School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Dylan Gwynn‐Jones
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences Aberystwyth University Ceredigion UK
| | | | - Efimia M. Papatheodorou
- Department of Ecology, School of Biology Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece
- International Hellenic University Thessaloniki Greece
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15
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Rivest M, Whalen JK, Rivest D. Tree diversity is not always a strong driver of soil microbial diversity: a 7‐yr‐old diversity experiment with trees. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Rivest
- Department of Biology McGill University 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue Montreal Québec H3A 1B1 Canada
- Département des sciences naturelles and Institut des sciences de la forêt tempérée (ISFORT) Université du Québec en Outaouais 58 rue Principale Ripon Québec J0V 1V0 Canada
| | - Joann K. Whalen
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences Macdonald Campus McGill University 21, 111, Lakeshore Road Ste‐Anne‐de‐Bellevue Québec H9X 3V9 Canada
| | - David Rivest
- Département des sciences naturelles and Institut des sciences de la forêt tempérée (ISFORT) Université du Québec en Outaouais 58 rue Principale Ripon Québec J0V 1V0 Canada
- Centre d’étude de la forêt Université du Québec à Montréal P.O. Box 8888, Centre‐Ville Station Montréal Québec H3C 3P8 Canada
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16
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Meta-analysis shows positive effects of plant diversity on microbial biomass and respiration. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1332. [PMID: 30902971 PMCID: PMC6430801 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09258-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil microorganisms are key to biological diversity and many ecosystem processes in terrestrial ecosystems. Despite the current alarming loss of plant diversity, it is unclear how plant species diversity affects soil microorganisms. By conducting a global meta-analysis with paired observations of plant mixtures and monocultures from 106 studies, we show that microbial biomass, bacterial biomass, fungal biomass, fungi:bacteria ratio, and microbial respiration increase, while Gram-positive to Gram-negative bacteria ratio decrease in response to plant mixtures. The increases in microbial biomass and respiration are more pronounced in older and more diverse mixtures. The effects of plant mixtures on all microbial attributes are consistent across ecosystem types including natural forests, planted forests, planted grasslands, croplands, and planted containers. Our study underlines strong relationships between plant diversity and soil microorganisms across global terrestrial ecosystems and suggests the importance of plant diversity in maintaining belowground ecosystem functioning. The effect of plant biodiversity on microbial function has been tested in limited studies and is likely to be context-dependent. In this meta-analysis of 106 prior studies comparing plant monocultures to mixtures, the authors find that plant diversity increases microbial biomass and respiration rates, an effect moderated by stand age.
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17
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Ruiz-González C, Archambault E, Laforest-Lapointe I, del Giorgio PA, Kembel SW, Messier C, Nock CA, Beisner BE. Soils associated to different tree communities do not elicit predictable responses in lake bacterial community structure and function. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2018; 94:5037915. [DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiy115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Ruiz-González
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Québec at Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Esther Archambault
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Québec at Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Paul A del Giorgio
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Québec at Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Steven W Kembel
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Québec at Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Christian Messier
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Québec at Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Charles A Nock
- Geobotany, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Beatrix E Beisner
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Québec at Montréal, Montréal, Canada
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18
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Olatunji OA, Luo H, Pan K, Tariq A, Sun X, Chen W, Wu X, Zhang L, Xiong Q, Li Z, Song D, Zhang A, Sun F. Influence of phosphorus application and water deficit on the soil microbiota of N2
-fixing and non-N-fixing tree. Ecosphere 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Olusanya A. Olatunji
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100039 China
| | - Hongyan Luo
- College of Resources and Environment; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Kaiwen Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Akash Tariq
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100039 China
| | - Xiaoming Sun
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Wenkai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Xiaogang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Qinli Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Zilong Li
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100039 China
| | - Dagang Song
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100039 China
| | - Aiping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100039 China
| | - Feng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100039 China
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19
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Khlifa R, Paquette A, Messier C, Reich PB, Munson AD. Do temperate tree species diversity and identity influence soil microbial community function and composition? Ecol Evol 2017; 7:7965-7974. [PMID: 29043048 PMCID: PMC5632628 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies of biodiversity–ecosystem function in treed ecosystems have generally focused on aboveground functions. This study investigates intertrophic links between tree diversity and soil microbial community function and composition. We examined how microbial communities in surface mineral soil responded to experimental gradients of tree species richness (SR), functional diversity (FD), community‐weighted mean trait value (CWM), and tree identity. The site was a 4‐year‐old common garden experiment near Montreal, Canada, consisting of deciduous and evergreen tree species mixtures. Microbial community composition, community‐level physiological profiles, and respiration were evaluated using phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis and the MicroResp™ system, respectively. The relationship between tree species richness and glucose‐induced respiration (GIR), basal respiration (BR), metabolic quotient (qCO2) followed a positive but saturating shape. Microbial communities associated with species mixtures were more active (basal respiration [BR]), with higher biomass (glucose‐induced respiration [GIR]), and used a greater number of carbon sources than monocultures. Communities associated with deciduous tree species used a greater number of carbon sources than those associated with evergreen species, suggesting a greater soil carbon storage capacity. There were no differences in microbial composition (PLFA) between monocultures and SR mixtures. The FD and the CWM of several functional traits affected both BR and GIR. In general, the CWM of traits had stronger effects than did FD, suggesting that certain traits of dominant species have more effect on ecosystem processes than does FD. Both the functions of GIR and BR were positively related to aboveground tree community productivity. Both tree diversity (SR) and identity (species and functional identity—leaf habit) affected soil microbial community respiration, biomass, and composition. For the first time, we identified functional traits related to life‐history strategy, as well as root traits that influence another trophic level, soil microbial community function, via effects on BR and GIR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rim Khlifa
- Centre d'étude de la forêt Département des sciences du bois et de la forêt Faculté de foresterie, de géographie et de géomatique Université Laval Québec QC Canada
| | - Alain Paquette
- Centre d'étude de la forêt Université du Québec à Montréal Montréal QC Canada
| | - Christian Messier
- Centre d'étude de la forêt Université du Québec à Montréal Montréal QC Canada.,Institut des sciences de la forêt feuillue tempérée (ISFORT) Université du Québec en Outaouais Ripon QC Canada
| | - Peter B Reich
- Department of Forest Resources University of Minnesota St. Paul MN USA.,Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment University of Western Sydney Penrith NSW Australia
| | - Alison D Munson
- Centre d'étude de la forêt Département des sciences du bois et de la forêt Faculté de foresterie, de géographie et de géomatique Université Laval Québec QC Canada
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20
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Martucci do Couto G, Eisenhauer N, Batista de Oliveira E, Cesarz S, Patriota Feliciano AL, Marangon LC. Response of soil microbial biomass and activity in early restored lands in the northeastern Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Restor Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Martucci do Couto
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig; Deutscher Platz 5e 04103 Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biology; Leipzig University; Johannisallee 21 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig; Deutscher Platz 5e 04103 Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biology; Leipzig University; Johannisallee 21 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Everson Batista de Oliveira
- Department of Forest Science; Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco; Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos 52171900 Recife Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Simone Cesarz
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig; Deutscher Platz 5e 04103 Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biology; Leipzig University; Johannisallee 21 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Ana Lícia Patriota Feliciano
- Department of Forest Science; Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco; Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos 52171900 Recife Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Luiz C. Marangon
- Department of Forest Science; Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco; Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos 52171900 Recife Pernambuco Brazil
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21
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Jewell MD, Shipley B, Paquette A, Messier C, Reich PB. A traits-based test of the home-field advantage in mixed-species tree litter decomposition. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2015; 116:781-788. [PMID: 26162398 PMCID: PMC4590322 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcv105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Litter often decomposes faster in its environment of origin (at 'home') than in a foreign environment ('away'), which has become known as the home-field advantage (HFA). However, many studies have highlighted the conditional nature of the HFA, suggesting that current understanding of this phenomenon is not yet sufficient to generalize across systems. METHODS The HFA hypothesis was tested for mono-specific and mixed-species litter using a tree-based experiment that manipulated the functional identity and diversity of the host tree community. Litter types of varying quality were transplanted between several host tree communities and decomposition rates were measured using litterbags. Since the decomposer community should respond to traits of the litter input and not their taxonomic identity, a traits-based index of litter-tree similarity was developed. KEY RESULTS Mono-specific litter exhibited HFA, but when the same litter was decomposed in mixture, this trend was not observed. Mixed-species litter decomposed on average no faster or slower than monoculture litter and exhibited both positive and negative species interactions. These non-additive interactions of decomposition rates in mixture were influenced by the degree of similarity between litter and tree traits. Both synergistic and antagonistic interactions decreased in magnitude with increasing litter-tree similarity such that mixture rates were predictable from monocultures. CONCLUSIONS The HFA occurred more strongly for mono-specific litter than for the litter types mixed together because interactions between species may have masked this effect. However, when expressed as a function of trait similarity between litters and tree communities, the HFA was not detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Davidson Jewell
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boul. de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Bill Shipley
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boul. de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1K 2R1, Canada,
| | - Alain Paquette
- Center for Forest Research, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), PO Box 8888, Centre-ville station, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Christian Messier
- Center for Forest Research, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), PO Box 8888, Centre-ville station, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada, Instituit des sciences de la Foret Feuillue Tempérée (ISFORT), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), 58 rue Principale, Ripon, Quebec J0V 1V0, Canada
| | - Peter B Reich
- Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, St Paul, MN 55108, USA and Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, University of Western Sydney, Richmond 2753, Australia
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22
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Hines J, van der Putten WH, De Deyn GB, Wagg C, Voigt W, Mulder C, Weisser WW, Engel J, Melian C, Scheu S, Birkhofer K, Ebeling A, Scherber C, Eisenhauer N. Towards an Integration of Biodiversity–Ecosystem Functioning and Food Web Theory to Evaluate Relationships between Multiple Ecosystem Services. ADV ECOL RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aecr.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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