1
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Jreidini N, Green DM. Study methodology impacts density-dependent dispersal observations: a systematic review. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2024; 12:39. [PMID: 38773669 PMCID: PMC11107046 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-024-00478-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
The relationship between animal dispersal and conspecific density has been explored in various study systems but results in terms of both the magnitude and the direction of density dependence are inconsistent. We conducted a thorough review of the literature (2000-2023) and found k = 97 empirical studies of birds, fishes, herpetofauna (amphibians and reptiles), invertebrates, or mammals that had tested for a correlation between conspecific density and animal dispersal. We extracted categorical variables for taxonomic group, sex, age, migratory behavior, study design, dispersal metric, density metric and variable type, as well as temporal and spatial scale, to test each of their correlation with the effect of density on dispersal (Pearson's r) using linear regressions and multilevel mixed-effect modelling. We found certain biases in the published literature, highlighting that the impact of conspecific density on dispersal is not as widespread as it is thought to be. We also found no predominant trend for density-dependent dispersal across taxonomic groups. Instead, results show that the scale and metrics of empirical observations significantly affected analytical results, and heterogeneity measures were high within taxonomic groups. Therefore, the direction and magnitude of the interaction between density and dispersal in empirical studies could partially be attributed to the data collection method involved. We suggest that the contradictory observations for density-dependent dispersal could be explained by dispersal-dependent density, where density is driven by movement instead, and urge researchers to either test this interaction when applicable or consider this perspective when reporting results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David M Green
- Redpath Museum, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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2
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Toli EA, Kemppainen P, Bounas A, Sotiropoulos K. Genetic insight into a polygenic trait using a novel genome-wide association approach in a wild amphibian population. Mol Ecol 2024; 33:e17344. [PMID: 38597332 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Body size variation is central in the evolution of life-history traits in amphibians, but the underlying genetic architecture of this complex trait is still largely unknown. Herein, we studied the genetic basis of body size and fecundity of the alternative morphotypes in a wild population of the Greek smooth newt (Lissotriton graecus). By combining a genome-wide association approach with linkage disequilibrium network analysis, we were able to identify clusters of highly correlated loci thus maximizing sequence data for downstream analysis. The putatively associated variants explained 12.8% to 44.5% of the total phenotypic variation in body size and were mapped to genes with functional roles in the regulation of gene expression and cell cycle processes. Our study is the first to provide insights into the genetic basis of complex traits in newts and provides a useful tool to identify loci potentially involved in fitness-related traits in small data sets from natural populations in non-model species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisavet-Aspasia Toli
- Molecular Ecology & Conservation Genetics Lab, Department of Biological Applications & Technology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Petri Kemppainen
- Area of Ecology and Biodiversity, School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong City, Hong Kong SAR
- Ecological Genetics Research Unit, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anastasios Bounas
- Molecular Ecology & Conservation Genetics Lab, Department of Biological Applications & Technology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Sotiropoulos
- Molecular Ecology & Conservation Genetics Lab, Department of Biological Applications & Technology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
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3
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Grosklos G, Zhao J. Chaos does not drive lower synchrony for intrinsically-induced population fluctuations. Ecol Modell 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2022.110203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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4
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Davis CL, Muñoz DJ, Amburgey SM, Dinsmore CR, Teitsworth EW, Miller DAW. Multistate model to estimate sex‐specific dispersal rates and distances for a wetland‐breeding amphibian population. Ecosphere 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Courtney L. Davis
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania USA
- Intercollege Graduate Ecology Program, Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania USA
- Cornell Lab of Ornithology Cornell University Ithaca New York USA
| | - David J. Muñoz
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania USA
- Intercollege Graduate Ecology Program, Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - Staci M. Amburgey
- Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
- Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife Olympia Washington USA
| | - Carli R. Dinsmore
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - Eric W. Teitsworth
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina USA
| | - David A. W. Miller
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania USA
- Intercollege Graduate Ecology Program, Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania USA
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5
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Where Land and Water Meet: Making Amphibian Breeding Sites Attractive for Amphibians. DIVERSITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/d14100834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The protection of wetlands is a cornerstone in the conservation of pond-breeding amphibians. Because protected wetlands are rarely natural areas, but are often man-made, at least in Europe, it is important that they are well managed to fulfill their intended function. Appropriate management requires knowledge of the ecology of the species, particularly habitat requirements. Here, we combine species monitoring data and habitat mapping data in an analysis where our goal was to describe the factors that determine the occupancy of amphibian species in federally protected amphibian breeding sites. As expected, every species had its own habitat requirements, often a combination of both a terrestrial and aquatic habitat (i.e., landscape complementation). In most species, occupancy was strongly positively affected with the amount of aquatic habitat, but predicted occupancy probabilities were low because the amount of aquatic habitat was low in most sites. The area or proportion of ruderal vegetation also had positive effects on multiple species, while other types of terrestrial habitat (e.g., meadows) led to low occupancy probabilities. The total area of the protected breeding sites was never included in a final model and connectivity was important only for one species (Triturus cristatus). The latter finding implies that the quality of the landscape between breeding sizes is more important than distance per se, while the former implies that the area of some specific habitats within breeding sites is crucial for high occupancies. Thus, increasing the amount of aquatic habitats and likewise terrestrial habitats within protected areas would make them more likely to achieve their conservation objectives. Our study is an example of how the joint analysis of monitoring data and habitat data (based on mapping in the field) can lead to evidence-based suggestions on how to improve conservation practice.
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6
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Jreidini N, Green DM. Dispersal without drivers: Intrinsic and extrinsic variables have no impact on movement distances in a terrestrial amphibian. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9368. [PMID: 36203625 PMCID: PMC9526034 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Dispersive movements are often thought to be multicausal and driven by individual body size, sex, conspecific density, environmental variation, personality, and/or other variables. Yet such variables often do not account for most of the variation among dispersive movements in nature, leaving open the possibility that dispersion may be indeterministic. We assessed the amount of variation in 24 h movement distances that could be accounted for by potential drivers of displacement with a large empirical dataset of movement distances performed by Fowler's Toads (Anaxyrus fowleri) on the northern shore of Lake Erie at Long Point, Ontario (2002-2021, incl.). These toads are easy to sample repeatedly, can be identified individually and move parallel to the shoreline as they forage at night, potentially dispersing to new refuge sites. Using a linear mixed-effect model that incorporated random effect terms to account for sampling variance and inter-annual variation, we found that all potential intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of movement accounted for virtually none of the variation observed among 24 h distances moved by these animals, whether over short or large spatial scales. We examined the idea of movement personality by testing variance per individual toad and found no evidence of individuality in movement distances. We conclude that deterministic variables, whether intrinsic or extrinsic, neither can be shown to nor are necessary to drive movements in this population over all spatial scales. Stochastic, short time-scale movements, such as daily foraging movements, can instead accumulate over time to produce large spatial-scale movements that are dispersive in nature.
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7
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Dalpasso A, Ficetola GF, Giachello S, Lo Parrino E, Manenti R, Muraro M, Falaschi M. Similar species, different fates: Abundance dynamics in spatially structured populations of common and threatened frogs. DIVERS DISTRIB 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Dalpasso
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy Università degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy
| | - Gentile Francesco Ficetola
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy Università degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy
- Laboratoire d’Écologie Alpine Univ. Grenoble AlpesUniv. Savoie Mont BlancCNRSLECA Grenoble France
| | - Simone Giachello
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy Università degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy
| | - Elia Lo Parrino
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy Università degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy
| | - Raoul Manenti
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy Università degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy
| | - Martina Muraro
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy Università degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy
| | - Mattia Falaschi
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy Università degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy
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8
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Mayekar HV, Kodandaramaiah U. Effect of density on pupal colour plasticity in the butterfly
Mycalesis mineus
(Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). J Zool (1987) 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. V. Mayekar
- IISER‐TVM Centre for Research and Education in Ecology and Evolution (ICREEE) School of Biology Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Thiruvananthapuram Kerala India
| | - U. Kodandaramaiah
- IISER‐TVM Centre for Research and Education in Ecology and Evolution (ICREEE) School of Biology Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Thiruvananthapuram Kerala India
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9
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Unglaub B, Cayuela H, Schmidt BR, Preißler K, Glos J, Steinfartz S. Context-dependent dispersal determines relatedness and genetic structure in a patchy amphibian population. Mol Ecol 2021; 30:5009-5028. [PMID: 34490661 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Dispersal is a central process in ecology and evolution with far reaching consequences for the dynamics and genetics of spatially structured populations (SSPs). Individuals can adjust their decisions to disperse according to local fitness prospects, resulting in context-dependent dispersal. By determining dispersal rate, distance and direction, these individual-level decisions further modulate the demography, relatedness and genetic structure of SSPs. Here, we examined how context-dependent dispersal influences the dynamics and genetics of a great crested newt (Triturus cristatus) SSP. We collected capture-recapture data of 5564 individuals and genetic data of 950 individuals across an SSP in northern Germany. We added genetic data from six sites outside this SSP to assess genetic structure and gene flow at a regional level. Dispersal rates within the SSP were high but dispersal distances were short. Dispersal was context-dependent: individuals preferentially immigrated into high-quality ponds where breeding probabilities were higher. The studied SSP behaved like a patchy population, where subpopulations at each pond were demographically interdependent. High context-dependent dispersal led to weak but significant spatial genetic structure and relatedness within the SSP. At the regional level, a strong hierarchical genetic structure with very few first-generation migrants as well as low effective dispersal rates suggest the presence of independent demographic units. Overall, our study highlights the importance of habitat quality for driving context-dependent dispersal and therefore demography and genetic structure in SSPs. Limited capacity for long-distance dispersal seems to increase genetic structure within a population and leads to demographic isolation in anthropogenic landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Unglaub
- Institute of Biology, Molecular Evolution and Systematics of Animals, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Animal Ecology and Conservation, Biocentre Grindel, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hugo Cayuela
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Benedikt R Schmidt
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Info Fauna Karch, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Kathleen Preißler
- Institute of Biology, Molecular Evolution and Systematics of Animals, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julian Glos
- Department of Animal Ecology and Conservation, Biocentre Grindel, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Steinfartz
- Institute of Biology, Molecular Evolution and Systematics of Animals, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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10
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Cruickshank SS, Bergamini A, Schmidt BR. Estimation of breeding probability can make monitoring data more revealing: a case study of amphibians. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2021; 31:e02357. [PMID: 33870588 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring programs serve to detect trends in the distribution and abundance of species. To do so, monitoring programs often use static state variables. Dynamic state variables that describe population dynamics might be more valuable because they allow for a mechanistic understanding of the processes that lead to population trends. We fit multistate occupancy models to data from a country-wide multispecies amphibian occupancy monitoring program and estimated occupancy and breeding probabilities. If breeding probabilities are determinants of occupancy dynamics, then they may serve in monitoring programs as state variables that describe dynamic processes. The results showed that breeding probabilities were low and that a large proportion of the populations had to be considered to be non-breeding populations (i.e., populations where adults are present but no breeding occurs). For some species, the majority of populations were non-breeding populations. We found that non-breeding populations have lower persistence probabilities than populations where breeding occurs. Breeding probabilities may thus explain trends in occupancy but they might also explain other ecological phenomena, such as the success of invasive species, which had high breeding probabilities. Signs of breeding, i.e., the presence of eggs and larvae, were often hard to detect. Importantly, non-breeding populations also had low detection probabilities, perhaps because they had lower abundances. We suggest that monitoring programs should invest more in the detection of life history stages indicative of breeding, and also into the detection of non-breeding populations. We conclude that breeding probability should be used as a state variable in monitoring programs because it can lead to deeper insights into the processes driving occupancy dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam S Cruickshank
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, Birmensdorf, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Ariel Bergamini
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, Birmensdorf, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Benedikt R Schmidt
- Info Fauna Karch, UniMail, Bâtiment G, Bellevaux 51, Neuchâtel, 2000, Switzerland
- Institut für Evolutionsbiologie und Umweltwissenschaften, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zürich, 8057, Switzerland
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11
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Hecht L. The importance of considering age when quantifying wild animals' welfare. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 96:2602-2616. [PMID: 34155749 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Wild animals experience different challenges and opportunities as they mature, and this variety of experiences can lead to different levels of welfare characterizing the day-to-day lives of individuals of different ages. At the same time, most wild animals who are born do not survive to adulthood. Individuals who die as juveniles do not simply experience a homogeneous fraction of the lifetimes of older members of their species; rather, their truncated lives may be characterized by very different levels of welfare. Here, I propose the concept of welfare expectancy as a framework for quantifying wild animal welfare at a population level, given individual-level data on average welfare with respect to age. This concept fits conveniently alongside methods of analysis already used in population ecology, such as demographic sensitivity analysis, and is applicable to evaluating the welfare consequences of human interventions and natural pressures that disproportionately affect individuals of different ages. In order to understand better and improve the state of wild animal welfare, more attention should be directed towards young animals and the particular challenges they face.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Hecht
- Wild Animal Initiative, 115 Elm Street, Suite I, PMB 2321, Farmington, MN, 55024, U.S.A.,Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Stockton Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, U.K
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12
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Schmidt BR, BĂncilĂ RI, Hartel T, Grossenbacher K, Schaub M. Shifts in amphibian population dynamics in response to a change in the predator community. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt R. Schmidt
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 ZurichCH‐8057Switzerland
- Info fauna karch UniMail, Bâtiment G, Bellevaux 51 NeuchatelCH‐2000Switzerland
| | - Raluca I. BĂncilĂ
- “Emil Racoviţă” Institute of Speleology of Romanian Academy 13 Sptembrie Road, No. 13 Bucharest050711Romania
- Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology and Center of Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources Babes‐Bolyai University Cluj‐Napoca Romania
| | - Tibor Hartel
- Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology and Center of Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources Babes‐Bolyai University Cluj‐Napoca Romania
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13
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Barrile GM, Walters A, Webster M, Chalfoun AD. Informed breeding dispersal following stochastic changes to patch quality in a pond-breeding amphibian. J Anim Ecol 2021; 90:1878-1890. [PMID: 33884620 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The unidirectional movement of animals between breeding patches (i.e. breeding dispersal) has profound implications for the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of spatially structured populations. In spatiotemporally variable environments, individuals are expected to adjust their dispersal decisions according to information gathered on the environmental and/or social cues that reflect the fitness prospects in a given breeding patch (i.e. informed dispersal). A paucity of empirical work limited our understanding of the ability of animals to depart from low-quality breeding patches and settle in high-quality breeding patches. We examined the capacity of individuals to respond to stochastic changes in habitat quality via informed breeding dispersal in a pond-breeding amphibian. We conducted a 5-year (2015-2019) capture-recapture study of boreal toads Anaxyrus boreas boreas (n = 1,100) that breed in beaver ponds in western Wyoming, USA. During early spring of 2017, an extreme flooding event destroyed several beaver dams and resulted in the loss of breeding habitat. We used multi-state models to investigate how temporal changes in pond characteristics influenced breeding dispersal, and determine whether movement decisions were in accordance with prospects for reproductive fitness. Boreal toads more often departed from low-quality breeding ponds (without successful metamorphosis) and settled in high-quality breeding ponds (with successful metamorphosis). Movement decisions were context-dependent and associated with pond characteristics altered by beaver dam destruction. Individuals were more likely to depart from shallow ponds with high vegetation cover and settle in deep ponds with low vegetation cover. The probability of metamorphosis was related to the same environmental cues, suggesting that boreal toads assess the fitness prospects of a breeding patch and adjust movement decisions accordingly (i.e. informed breeding dispersal). We demonstrated that stochastic variability in environmental conditions and habitat quality can underpin dispersal behaviour in amphibians. Our study highlighted the mechanistic linkages between habitat change, movement behaviour and prospects for reproductive performance, which is critical for understanding how wild animals respond to rapid environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel M Barrile
- Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Program in Ecology, Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Annika Walters
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Zoology and Physiology and Program in Ecology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Matthew Webster
- Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Anna D Chalfoun
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Zoology and Physiology and Program in Ecology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
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14
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Cayuela H, Griffiths RA, Zakaria N, Arntzen JW, Priol P, Léna JP, Besnard A, Joly P. Drivers of amphibian population dynamics and asynchrony at local and regional scales. J Anim Ecol 2020; 89:1350-1364. [PMID: 32173904 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Identifying the drivers of population fluctuations in spatially distinct populations remains a significant challenge for ecologists. Whereas regional climatic factors may generate population synchrony (i.e. the Moran effect), local factors including the level of density dependence may reduce the level of synchrony. Although divergences in the scaling of population synchrony and spatial environmental variation have been observed, the regulatory factors that underlie such mismatches are poorly understood. Few previous studies have investigated how density-dependent processes and population-specific responses to weather variation influence spatial synchrony at both local and regional scales. We addressed this issue in a pond-breeding amphibian, the great crested newt Triturus cristatus. We used capture-recapture data collected through long-term surveys in five T. cristatus populations in Western Europe. In all populations-and subpopulations within metapopulations-population size, annual survival and recruitment fluctuated over time. Likewise, there was considerable variation in these demographic rates between populations and within metapopulations. These fluctuations and variations appear to be context-dependent and more related to site-specific characteristics than local or regional climatic drivers. We found a low level of demographic synchrony at both local and regional levels. Weather has weak and spatially variable effects on survival, recruitment and population growth rate. In contrast, density dependence was a common phenomenon (at least for population growth) in almost all populations and subpopulations. Our findings support the idea that the Moran effect is low in species where the population dynamics more closely depends on local factors (e.g. population density and habitat characteristics) than on large-scale environmental fluctuation (e.g. regional climatic variation). Such responses may have far-reaching consequences for the long-term viability of spatially structured populations and their ability to respond to large-scale climatic anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Cayuela
- Institut de Biologie Integrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Richard A Griffiths
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK
| | - Nurul Zakaria
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK
| | - Jan W Arntzen
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jean-Paul Léna
- UMR 5023 LEHNA, Université de Lyon, Lyon1, CNRS, ENTPE, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Aurélien Besnard
- CNRS, PSL Research University, EPHE, UM, SupAgro, IRD, INRA, UMR 5175 CEFE, Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre Joly
- UMR 5023 LEHNA, Université de Lyon, Lyon1, CNRS, ENTPE, Villeurbanne, France
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15
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Cayuela H, Valenzuela-Sánchez A, Teulier L, Martínez-Solano Í, Léna JP, Merilä J, Muths E, Shine R, Quay L, Denoël M, Clobert J, Schmidt BR. Determinants and Consequences of Dispersal in Vertebrates with Complex Life Cycles: A Review of Pond-Breeding Amphibians. QUARTERLY REVIEW OF BIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1086/707862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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16
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Mayer M, Frank SC, Zedrosser A, Rosell F. Causes and consequences of inverse density‐dependent territorial behaviour and aggression in a monogamous mammal. J Anim Ecol 2019; 89:577-588. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Mayer
- Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental Health Faculty of Technology, Natural Sciences and Maritime Sciences University of South‐Eastern Norway Bø Norway
- Department of Bioscience Aarhus University Rønde Denmark
| | - Shane C. Frank
- Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental Health Faculty of Technology, Natural Sciences and Maritime Sciences University of South‐Eastern Norway Bø Norway
| | - Andreas Zedrosser
- Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental Health Faculty of Technology, Natural Sciences and Maritime Sciences University of South‐Eastern Norway Bø Norway
- Department of Integrative Biology Institute of Wildlife Biology and Game Management University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Austria
| | - Frank Rosell
- Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental Health Faculty of Technology, Natural Sciences and Maritime Sciences University of South‐Eastern Norway Bø Norway
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17
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Cayuela H, Olgun K, Angelini C, Üzüm N, Peyronel O, Miaud C, Avcı A, Lemaitre JF, Schmidt BR. Slow life-history strategies are associated with negligible actuarial senescence in western Palaearctic salamanders. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20191498. [PMID: 31455192 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.1498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Actuarial senescence has been viewed for a long time as an inevitable and uniform process. However, the work on senescence has mainly focused on endotherms with deterministic growth and low regeneration capacity during the adult stage, leading to a strong taxonomic bias in the study of ageing. Recent studies have highlighted that senescence could indeed display highly variable trajectories that correlate with species life-history traits. Slow life histories and indeterminate growth seem to be associated with weak and late senescence. Furthermore, high regenerative abilities could lead to negligible senescence in ectotherms. However, demographic data for species that would allow testing of these hypotheses are scarce. Here, we investigated senescence patterns in 'true salamanders' from the western Palaearctic. Our results showed that salamanders have slow life histories and that they experience negligible senescence. This pattern was consistent at both intra- and interspecific levels, suggesting that the absence of senescence may be a phylogenetically conserved trait. The regenerative capacities of salamanders, in combination with other physiological and developmental features such as an indeterminate growth and a low metabolic rate, probably explain why these small ectotherms have lifespans similar to that of large endotherms and, in contrast with most amniotes, undergo negligible senescence. Our study seriously challenges the idea that senescence is a ubiquitous phenomenon in the tree of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Cayuela
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Kurtuluş Olgun
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Claudio Angelini
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Nazan Üzüm
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Olivier Peyronel
- Syndicat de gestion des gorges de l'Ardèche, 07700 Saint-Remèze, France
| | - Claude Miaud
- PSL Research University, CEFE UMR 5175, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier, EPHE, Biogéographie et Ecologie des vertébrés, Montpellier, France
| | - Aziz Avcı
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Jean-François Lemaitre
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive UMR 5558, Université Lyon 1, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Benedikt R Schmidt
- Institut für Evolutionsbiologie und Umweltwissenschaften, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland.,Info fauna karch, UniMail, Bâtiment G, Bellevaux 51, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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Weber L, Šmejkal M, Bartoň D, Rulík M. Testing the applicability of tagging the Great crested newt (Triturus cristatus) using passive integrated transponders. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219069. [PMID: 31283761 PMCID: PMC6613694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tracking individual animals with small-sized passive integrated transponder tags (PIT tags) has become a popular and widespread method, one which can be used for investigating life history traits, including dispersal patterns of small protected animals such as newts. In this study, we tested the applicability of PIT tag usage for individual marking with the Great crested newt (Triturus cristatus) as a model amphibian species, and to test the detection of the newts in nature using a passive telemetry system. Clove oil was used as an anaesthetic before surgery. We implanted PIT tags under the skin of 140 newts. The survival rate of newts was 98.57%. X-ray images were taken to check the exact positions of the PIT tags. Since approximately 15.71% of the newts were capable of expelling the tag from their bodies, tag loss has to be accounted for in future behavioural studies dealing with newts and other amphibians potentially capable of frequent tag expulsion. Lastly, we detected by passive telemetry 97 individuals out of 100 released into a natural breeding pond. Males had higher activity (13 detected males vs 7 females per hour) than females, thus males could be detected if present with more certainty. The result of the movement behaviour showed that e.g. the male of T. cristatus in a breeding pond can travel up to 20 m in 78 seconds. In summary, this promising method could allow the automatic data collection of marked newts in aquatic as well as in terrestrial biotopes, providing data on their dispersal, diurnal activity and movement behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Weber
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| | - Marek Šmejkal
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Bartoň
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Rulík
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Dufresnes C, Déjean T, Zumbach S, Schmidt BR, Fumagalli L, Ramseier P, Dubey S. Early detection and spatial monitoring of an emerging biological invasion by population genetics and environmental DNA metabarcoding. CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Dufresnes
- Hintermann & Weber SA Montreux Switzerland
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | | | | | - Benedikt R. Schmidt
- Info fauna—karch, UNiMail Neuchâtel Switzerland
- Institut für Evolutionsbiologie und UmweltwissenschaftenUniversität Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | | | - Sylvain Dubey
- Hintermann & Weber SA Montreux Switzerland
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
- Agrosustain SA Nyon Switzerland
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Joly P. Behavior in a Changing Landscape: Using Movement Ecology to Inform the Conservation of Pond-Breeding Amphibians. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Cayuela H, Grolet O, Joly P. Context-dependent dispersal, public information, and heterospecific attraction in newts. Oecologia 2018; 188:1069-1080. [PMID: 30315372 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-018-4267-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dispersal is one of the main processes that determine community structure. Individuals make dispersal decisions according to environmental and/or social cues that reflect the fitness prospects in a given patch. The presence and abundance of heterospecifics within the same ecological guild, and/or their breeding success, may act as public information that influences movement decisions. To date, most studies investigating the role of heterospecific attraction have focused on habitat choice, using both experimental and correlational approaches. The present study is the first to examine how long-term variation in heterospecific density in breeding patches may affect dispersal patterns in spatially structured populations. We investigate how the dispersal decisions of the great crested newt (Triturus cristatus) are related to the variable density of two other newt species, the alpine newt (Ichthyosaura alpestris) and the palmate newt (Lissotriton helveticus). To examine this issue, we used capture-recapture data collected in an experimental pond network over a 20-year period. The results revealed that the great crested newt's dispersal is context dependent and is affected by variation in heterospecific density: individuals were less likely to emigrate from ponds with high heterospecific density and were more likely to immigrate to ponds with high heterospecific density. These findings suggest that individuals adjust their dispersal decisions at least partly based on public information provided by heterospecifics. This mechanism may play a critical role in the dynamics of spatially structured populations and community functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Cayuela
- IBIS, Department of Biology, University Laval, Pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Odile Grolet
- UMR 5023, LEHNA, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon1-CNRS-ENTPE, Campus de la Doua, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Pierre Joly
- UMR 5023, LEHNA, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon1-CNRS-ENTPE, Campus de la Doua, 69622, Villeurbanne, France.
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