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Lim GH, Yong C, Breen LJ, Keesing S, Buchanan A. Occupations and occupational therapy practice with Chinese older adults living with life-limiting illnesses in Singapore: A focus group study. Aust Occup Ther J 2024; 71:565-577. [PMID: 38499502 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1630.12942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While Singapore is rapidly ageing and the need for palliative care services is projected to rise, there has been limited exploration of the occupations of Chinese older adults with life-limiting conditions. This study is the third in a series of three studies aimed to address this issue. This study also sought to discuss future directions for occupational therapy practice with Chinese older adults living with life-limiting illnesses in Singapore. METHOD The study adopted a qualitative exploratory design using focus groups. Participants were recruited using convenience and snowball sampling. Inclusion criteria were occupational therapists who had attained full registration status with the Allied Health Professionals Council in Singapore, had two or more years of practice as an occupational therapist, and had a current or recent palliative care caseload. FINDINGS Three focus groups with 16 participants were conducted, and three themes were constructed from the data through reflexive thematic analysis. Reflections on culture and occupations is about the impact of a collectivist culture on occupations, such as tensions new caregivers experience between keeping clients safe and respecting clients' choices. It also highlights that there will always be individual differences within any cultural group. Challenges of occupational therapy practice in palliative care describe the need for therapists to be comfortable with rest and ethical tensions participants faced with billing for sessions that mainly involved time spent conversing with clients and when clients and caregivers' goals differed. Finally, Moving forward is about the importance of having mentors and the learning needs of occupational therapists in palliative care. CONCLUSION Occupational therapists experienced in providing services to palliative care clients in Singapore emphasised the collectivist nature of Singaporean Chinese families and contributed more information to its possible impact on occupations and occupational therapy practice and made suggestions for future practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geck Hoon Lim
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Health & Social Sciences, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore
| | | | - Lauren J Breen
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Curtin enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sharon Keesing
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Angus Buchanan
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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De Dios Pérez B, Merchán-Baeza JA, Powers K, Craven K, Holmes J, Phillips J, Tyerman R, Radford K. How does mentoring occupational therapists improve intervention fidelity in a randomised controlled trial? A realist evaluation. BMC Med Res Methodol 2024; 24:142. [PMID: 38956478 PMCID: PMC11218321 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-024-02269-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Integrating complex interventions within healthcare settings can be challenging. Mentoring can be embedded within a randomised controlled trial (RCT) to upskill and support those delivering the intervention. This study aimed to understand, from a realist perspective, how mentoring worked to support implementation fidelity for occupational therapists (OTs) delivering a vocational rehabilitation (VR) intervention within the context of an RCT. METHODS A realist evaluation using secondary data (emails, mentoring record forms, interviews) collected as part of an RCT. Three researchers coded the data following content analysis, focused on refining or refuting an initial programme theory by exploring the interactions between context, mechanisms, and outcomes. The research team met to further refine the programme theories. RESULTS Data from 584 emails, 184 mentoring record forms, and 25 interviews were analysed following a realist approach. We developed a programme theory consisting of two contexts (trial set-up, ongoing mentoring), nine mechanisms (collective understanding, monitoring, timely support, positive reinforcement, reflective practice, support data completeness, facilitation strategy, shared learning experience, management of research and clinical duties), and three outcomes (improved confidence, improved fidelity, reduced contamination). CONCLUSIONS Offering mentoring support to OTs delivering a VR intervention as part of an RCT improves intervention fidelity and reduces the risk of contamination. It improves OTs' understanding of the differences between their clinical and research roles and increases their confidence and competence in trial paperwork completion and identification of potential contamination issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca De Dios Pérez
- Centre for Rehabilitation and Ageing Research, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
| | - Jose Antonio Merchán-Baeza
- Research group on Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences (M3O), Faculty of Health Sciences and Welfare. Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Life Sciences and Health in Central Catalonia (IRIS- CC), Vic, Spain
| | - Katie Powers
- Centre for Rehabilitation and Ageing Research, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kristelle Craven
- Centre for Rehabilitation and Ageing Research, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jain Holmes
- Centre for Rehabilitation and Ageing Research, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Julie Phillips
- Centre for Rehabilitation and Ageing Research, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ruth Tyerman
- Centre for Rehabilitation and Ageing Research, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kate Radford
- Centre for Rehabilitation and Ageing Research, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Ashby S, Watkins K, Wales K. An Investigation of the Professional Resilience Strategies Used by Experienced Occupational Therapists. OTJR-OCCUPATION PARTICIPATION AND HEALTH 2024:15394492241237740. [PMID: 38491752 DOI: 10.1177/15394492241237740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
There is a paucity of research into the strategies occupational therapists use to maintain career longevity professional resilience. The objective of the study was to identify the strategies used by occupational therapists to maintain their professional resilience. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze data from a cross-sectional survey that investigated the professional resilience strategies used by experienced occupational therapists. Valid responses were received from 489 occupational therapists from 29 countries. The most used professional resilience strategies were maintaining a belief in the value of occupational therapy, taking time for reflection on positive outcomes, using personal time management strategies, and engagement in informal and formal professional support networks. A range of professional resilience strategies are used by experienced occupational therapists in health and social care settings. The findings can be used by managers and workplace organizations to support their occupational therapy workforce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Ashby
- The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katrina Watkins
- Occupational Therapist, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kylie Wales
- The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
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Germeroth D, Murray CM, McMullen-Roach S, Boshoff K. A scoping review of mentorship in allied health: Attributes, programs and outcomes. Aust Occup Ther J 2024; 71:149-174. [PMID: 37710951 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1630.12903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mentorship is a mutually beneficial voluntary relationship between mentor and mentee. In principle, the mentee trusts in the mentor for guiding career development and acquiring new knowledge and skills while the mentor finds giving back to the profession rewarding. Mentorship is beneficial at every career stage, but little is known about current programs and processes. OBJECTIVE To review the literature about mentorship in allied health to inform programs and practices in occupational therapy. Scoping focused on barriers, facilitators and reported outcomes of programs and attributes of mentors and mentees. DATA SOURCES A search was applied to six databases on 8 February 2022 in Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Scopus, PUBMED and CINAHL Complete. Search terms were developed in consultation with an academic librarian and using the population, concept and context mnemonic. METHODS We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. Data extraction forms were piloted with two reviewers and dual extraction occurred with a portion of papers. Where conflicts arose, discussion occurred until a consensus was reached. FINDINGS Sixty-two papers were included from eleven countries. The papers arose from ten allied health disciplines, with five in occupational therapy. One-on-one mentoring was most common followed by groups and the use of online platforms. Structured approaches were often used, with the support of professional associations. Trust and willingness to share expertise were required attributes of mentors. Mentees appreciate self-selecting their mentor and having protected time for mentorship. CONCLUSION AND SIGNIFICANCE This synthesis provides a description of the available literature on mentorship in allied health. Benefits of mentorship were recorded with the acquisition of skills and knowledge being the most prominent. This synthesis provides ideas for future development and refinement of mentorship in occupational therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demi Germeroth
- Allied Health and Human Performance, Occupational Therapy Program, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Carolyn M Murray
- Allied Health and Human Performance, Occupational Therapy Program, IIMPACT for Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sarah McMullen-Roach
- Allied Health and Human Performance, Occupational Therapy Program, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kobie Boshoff
- Allied Health and Human Performance, Occupational Therapy Program, IIMPACT for Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Stephenson S, Kemp E, Kiraly-Alvarez A, Costello P, Lockmiller C, Parkhill B. Self-Assessments of Mentoring Skills in Healthcare Professions Applicable to Occupational Therapy: A Scoping Review. Occup Ther Health Care 2023; 37:606-626. [PMID: 35341462 DOI: 10.1080/07380577.2022.2053923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This scoping review explores the professional literature in allied healthcare to determine which self-assessments of mentor skills are the most valid and reliable for use in occupational therapy doctoral capstone programs. The aims of this scoping review include mapping evidence related to mentor assessments in healthcare, exploring implications for occupational therapy doctoral mentor training programs, and identifying common characteristics of mentor self-assessments for occupational therapy programs to consider when developing capstone mentoring resources. METHODS Researchers applied and reported via PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). A librarian and authors formulated keywords and database selections to search PubMed/MEDLINE/PMC, and Embase were searched from across healthcare professions for training outcomes, mentor self-assessment, mentor attributes, and use of researcher-developed assessments. The search was limited to English publications from the last 20 years. Data were extracted for quantitative information regarding study characteristics and qualitative information about mentoring skills. RESULTS A total of 852 results were delivered across all databases. Nineteen papers met the final eligibility criteria and were included in the data extraction. Populations were included from several healthcare professions, including 11 nursing, four healthcare researchers, one pharmacy, one midwifery, one medicine, and one medical dietetics. Countries included the United States (n = 7), Finland (n = 5), United Kingdom (n = 4), Japan (n = 1), South Africa (n = 1) and Canada (n = 1). CONCLUSION The authors identified four valid self-assessment tools, demonstrating III and IV levels of evidence, that may be implemented by occupational therapy programs as they develop resources for mentor programs. Occupational therapy programs can use the mentor attributes found in this scoping review to create their own mentor assessment measures or may choose to use a validated tool. The authors recommend additional research in mentor education and mentor skill acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Stephenson
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Northern Arizona University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Erika Kemp
- Department of Occupational Therapy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Anne Kiraly-Alvarez
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | - Paula Costello
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Brianna Parkhill
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Saint Mary, Omaha, NE, USA
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Atwal A, Sriram V, McKay EA. Mentoring for Black and Minoritized Allied Health Professionals in Health and Social Care: A Scoping Review. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:2251-2259. [PMID: 37581204 PMCID: PMC10423563 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s413085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diversity, equality and belonging are important aspects within Allied Health Professional (AHP) groups. Mentoring is considered as a solution to improve career progression. To date, there is no consensus on what good mentoring looks like and whether current models are fit for purpose for Black and Minoritised Ethnicity AHPs. Methods Scoping review to understand mentoring among Black and Minoritised Ethnicity (BME) AHPs through searches in four electronic databases using pre-defined criteria. Results From 1440 studies screened, 2 studies were included in this review that researched mentoring for BME AHPs in a health and/or social care setting. Themes that emerged from the literature were related to access and amount of mentoring for BME AHPs, psychosocial mentoring may influence cross-race mentorship outcomes and organisational issues related to workforce pressures and management support. There is uncertainty around the importance of same race relationships in mentoring but there is some evidence that within cross-race mentoring this could influence outcomes. Conclusion It is unknown if mentoring enables career success in BME AHPs. There is emerging evidence on the importance of psychosocial mentoring within cross-race relationships. Careful reflection and further research is needed on how current mentoring models work and ensure fair access to mentorship and support for BME AHPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Atwal
- London South Banking University, School of Allied and Community Health, London, UK
| | - Vimal Sriram
- University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
- Collaborative Learning and Capacity Building Theme, NIHR Applied Research Collaboration in Northwest London, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth A McKay
- Edinburgh Napier University, School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh, UK
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Jackson O, Villeneuve M, Millington M. The experience and role of mentorship for paediatric occupational therapists. Aust Occup Ther J 2023; 70:86-96. [PMID: 36112001 PMCID: PMC10087586 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1630.12839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Within Australia, the introduction of the National Disability Insurance Scheme has led to a growth in paediatric occupational therapists working in community settings. This growth has increased the demand for support from more senior paediatric occupational therapists to novice clinicians. Mentoring has long been valued by occupational therapists as a means to provide this support. Despite its apparent benefit, there is limited research on the contribution of mentoring as distinct from supervision, and its impact on mentees' skills and confidence in providing care. This study examined the contribution of mentorship to the development of professional capability in paediatric occupational therapy practice from the perspective of mentors and mentees. METHODS Interpretive description methodology was used. In-depth interviews were conducted with nine mentors and eight mentees from three Australian states. Data were analysed inductively and thematically. FINDINGS All participants reflected on the challenges presented by the complexity of practice, requiring a knowledge base that mentees perceived they did not possess. The essential nature of non-judgemental, emotional support allowed mentees to feel safe to discuss their concerns when they were often overwhelmed by practice. Mentorship was viewed as capacity building, building competence by scaffolding clinical reasoning and supporting theory to practice translation while developing resilience to cope with complexity. CONCLUSION Study participants reported that successful mentorship assisted novice practitioners to integrate knowledge and skills required for complex clinical and professional reasoning. The emotional support provided through the relationship supported novice therapists to build their confidence and resilience while promoting professional identity and socialisation into the profession. The study raised questions related to how the profession best supports novice paediatric therapists in the current employment contexts, and the need to review how bodies of knowledge relevant to paediatrics are brought together to be used by both novice clinicians and senior therapists, who support them, for translation to effective practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Jackson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michelle Villeneuve
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Millington
- Australian College of Disability and Community Services, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
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Shiota S, Goto N, Kanayama A, Kubo Y, Hirata K, Ito Y, Kimura H. Current Status and Challenges of Support Environments for New Graduate Occupational Therapists in Japanese Hospitals: A Mixed Method Study. Occup Ther Int 2022; 2022:2159828. [PMID: 36120555 PMCID: PMC9467731 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2159828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The number of occupational therapists in Japan continues to increase, which has led to an urgent need to improve the educational environment for new graduate occupational therapists. This study attempted to identify the current state and challenges of the educational environment for new graduate occupational therapists in Japan. Methods We employed a mixed method using quantitative and qualitative data from a questionnaire survey of 1055 chief occupational therapists in Japanese hospitals. The questionnaire consisted of (1) basic information about the respondent and their hospital, (2) educational environment for new graduate occupational therapists at the respondent's hospital, (3) time spent on in-hospital lectures and on-the-job training, and (4) challenges in the clinical education of new graduate occupational therapists. Text data was analysed qualitatively using text mining to create cooccurrence networks. Results A total of 385 responses were obtained with a response rate of 36.5%. All hospitals had recruited new graduate occupational therapists in the last five years, but more than half of them did not have a philosophy and policy on education and had not prepared guidelines for the completion of occupational therapy education. The cooccurring network of issues in the educational environment for new graduate occupational therapists indicates the need to create standard guidelines, train supervisors, and develop a hospital education system. Conclusion In the future, the needs of the educational environment for newly graduated occupational therapists should be investigated, and standardised educational guidelines should be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigehito Shiota
- Department of Rehabilitation, Division of Clinical Support, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naoya Goto
- Department of Rehabilitation, Division of Clinical Support, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Aki Kanayama
- Department of Rehabilitation, Division of Clinical Support, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuko Kubo
- Department of Rehabilitation, Division of Clinical Support, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Hirata
- Division of Clinical Support, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ito
- Division of Clinical Support, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kimura
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
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Jacobs K. Mentoring. Work 2022; 72:385-386. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-223636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Jacobs
- Occupational therapist & ergonomist, , workjournal.org, blogs.bu.edu/kjacobs/
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Watson J, Cox DL, Cowan K, Ford S. The opportunities and challenges of implementing our research priorities. Br J Occup Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/03080226221089850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jo Watson
- Education and Research, Royal College of Occupational Therapists, London, UK
| | - Diane L. Cox
- Chair of Council, Royal College of Occupational Therapists, London, UK
| | - Katherine Cowan
- James Lind Alliance, National Institute for Health Research, Lind Alliance National Institute for Health Research, School of Healthcare Enterprise and Innovation, University of Southampto, Southampton, UK
| | - Steve Ford
- Chief Executive, Royal College of Occupational Therapists, London, UK
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11
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Exploring mentoring and nurse faculty: An integrative review. J Prof Nurs 2022; 38:26-39. [PMID: 35042587 DOI: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mentoring is recommended as an intervention to assist nurses in adjusting to the faculty role. While research on academic mentoring for nurse faculty is growing, the findings of this body of research have not been summarized to inform the development of mentoring programs. PURPOSE The purpose of this integrative review is to summarize and synthesize the research regarding mentoring relationships and mentoring programs in academia for nurse faculty. METHOD Whittemore and Knafl's (2005) methodology for integrative reviews guided this work. Electronic databases that were searched using the following terms: mentorship, mentors, mentor, nursing faculty, faculty, educational personnel, nurses, nursing, and nursing education. Primary research studies were included that examined mentoring relationships among nurse faculty, mentoring program components, and mentoring outcomes in academia. RESULTS A total of 18 studies were included in the review. Five main topics were identified: (1) prevalence of mentoring programs and relationships, (2) priorities within mentoring programs and relationships, (3) perceived quality of mentoring programs and relationships, (4) outcomes of mentoring programs and relationships, and (5) challenges within mentoring relationships. CONCLUSION More research is needed to inform nurse faculty and leaders as they design effective mentoring programs and support the development of collaborative and enriching mentoring relationships.
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12
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Preparing Advanced Clinicians and Practitioners: A Model for Mentorship in Occupational Therapy Practice. Occup Ther Int 2022; 2021:3394478. [PMID: 35024016 PMCID: PMC8714379 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3394478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mentoring is essential at all stages of a professional career. However, little has been written about the effectiveness of programs for practicing clinicians. This study was designed to address the need for evidence about the effectiveness of formal mentorship programs by describing the impact of the STAR mentorship program on a group of clinicians specializing in sensory integration and processing challenges. This study utilized an exploratory, retrospective, survey research design. Course evaluations were examined from 240 subjects following participation in a one-week, small group mentorship training program. Qualitative methods were adapted for use in this study. Sixteen codes, with operational definitions, were developed to analyze the surveys. Ninety-six percent indicated that the program met or exceeded their expectations; only 12.5% had a negative comment. Impact on psychosocial function was reflected by 22% of the participants. Comments related to impact on career function were indicated by 45% of the participants. Ninety-four percent provided positive comments about the program structure, and 74% responded with positive comments regarding content of the program. Positive outcomes were associated with this one mentorship program, suggesting a need for more in-person, structured mentored learning experiences. Mentorship is recommended as a method to address the growing need within the profession to support career development, build knowledge, skill and attitudes, and aspirations/commitment as well as enhance professionalism/professional development.
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Barlow K, Sullivan K. An international interprofessional tele-mentorship programme: a mixed-methods study. WORLD FEDERATION OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPISTS BULLETIN 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/14473828.2021.2018173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kate Barlow
- Division of Occupational Therapy, American International College, Springfield, MA, USA
| | - Kelsey Sullivan
- Massachusetts General Hospital Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA, USA
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14
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Sy MP, Yao DP, Panotes A, Kaw J, Mendoza T. Contemporary history: progress and resilience of occupational therapy in the Philippines (2004–2020). WORLD FEDERATION OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPISTS BULLETIN 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/14473828.2021.1995226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael P. Sy
- National Teacher Training Center for the Health Professions, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Daryl Patrick Yao
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Arden Panotes
- National Teacher Training Center for the Health Professions, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Teresita Mendoza
- National Teacher Training Center for the Health Professions, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
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15
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Craven K, Holmes J, Powers K, Clarke S, Cripps RL, Lindley R, Phillips J, Tyerman R, McKevitt C, Clarke D, Radford K. Embedding mentoring to support trial processes and implementation fidelity in a randomised controlled trial of vocational rehabilitation for stroke survivors. BMC Med Res Methodol 2021; 21:203. [PMID: 34602054 PMCID: PMC8487447 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-021-01382-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little guidance exists regarding how best to upskill and support those delivering complex healthcare interventions to ensure robust trial outcomes and implementation fidelity. Mentoring was provided to occupational therapists (OTs) delivering a complex vocational rehabilitation (VR) intervention to stroke survivors. This study aimed to explore mentors' roles in supporting OTs with intervention delivery and fidelity, and to describe factors affecting the mentoring process and intervention delivery. METHODS Quantitative data (duration, mode and total time of mentoring support) was extracted from mentoring records and emails between mentors and OTs, alongside qualitative data on barriers and facilitators to intervention delivery. Semi-structured interviews with mentors (n = 6) and OTs (n = 19) explored experiences and perceptions of intervention training, delivery and the mentoring process. Mean total and monthly time spent mentoring were calculated per trial site. Qualitative data were analysed thematically. RESULTS Forty-one OTs across 16 sites were mentored between March 2018 and April 2020. Most mentoring was provided by phone or Microsoft Teams (range: 88.6-100%), with the remainder via email and SMS (Short Message Service) text messages. Mentors suggested strategies to enhance trial recruitment, improved OTs' understanding of- and adherence to trial processes, intervention delivery and fidelity, and facilitated independent problem-solving. Barriers to mentoring included OT non-attendance at mentoring sessions and mentors struggling to balance mentoring with clinical roles. Facilitators included support from the trial team and mentors having protected time for mentoring. CONCLUSIONS Mentoring supported mentee OTs in various ways, but it remains unclear to what extent the OTS would have been able to deliver the intervention without mentoring support, or how this might have impacted fidelity. Successful implementation of mentoring alongside new complex interventions may increase the likelihood of intervention effectiveness being observed and sustained in real-life contexts. Further research is needed to investigate how mentors could be selected, upskilled, funded and mentoring provided to maximise impact. The clinical- and cost-effectiveness of mentoring as an implementation strategy and its impact on fidelity also requires testing in a future trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN, ISRCTN12464275 . Registered on 13th March 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristelle Craven
- Rehabilitation & Ageing Research Group, Injury, Inflammation and Recovery Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Jain Holmes
- Rehabilitation & Ageing Research Group, Injury, Inflammation and Recovery Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Katie Powers
- Rehabilitation & Ageing Research Group, Injury, Inflammation and Recovery Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Sara Clarke
- Rehabilitation & Ageing Research Group, Injury, Inflammation and Recovery Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Rachel L Cripps
- School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, King's College London, Addison House, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Rebecca Lindley
- Rehabilitation & Ageing Research Group, Injury, Inflammation and Recovery Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Julie Phillips
- Rehabilitation & Ageing Research Group, Injury, Inflammation and Recovery Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Ruth Tyerman
- Rehabilitation & Ageing Research Group, Injury, Inflammation and Recovery Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Christopher McKevitt
- School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, King's College London, Addison House, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - David Clarke
- Academic Unit for Ageing and Stroke Research, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9UT, UK
| | - Kathryn Radford
- Rehabilitation & Ageing Research Group, Injury, Inflammation and Recovery Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
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Innes S, Maurice L, Lastella M, O'Mullan C. Understanding Australian female chiropractors' experiences of inappropriate patient sexual behaviour: a study using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis. Chiropr Man Therap 2021; 29:36. [PMID: 34526040 PMCID: PMC8442263 DOI: 10.1186/s12998-021-00394-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Female practitioners are often subjected to inappropriate patient sexual behaviour (IPSB). Adverse consequences of such sexual harassment include for the practitioner psychological stress effects and negative work-related consequences that contributes to career dissatisfaction and burnout. Confronting the issue within the healthcare context has been shown to be problematic because practitioners feel an obligation to protect the therapeutic relationship above their own personal discomfort. There is an absence of research on this topic with respect to female chiropractors and we proposed a qualitative study aimed to explore female chiropractors lived experiences of managing incidents of IPSB. Method An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis methodology was chosen for this study. In June and July of 2018 female chiropractors in Western Australian were recruited via Facebook sites and invited to participate in face-to-face interviews for an Honours degree study exploring the lived experience of IPSB. Results Participants were seven female chiropractors currently practicing in Western Australia, who had experienced an incident of IPSB. Four super-ordinate themes emerged from the analysis; (1) familiar but inarticulable, (2) the cost of conflict, (3) I’m used to it, and (4) the element of surprise. Overall, the participants recognised the incidents as inappropriate but chose to ignore the situation as a means to avoid conflict in the treatment room. Recommendations are made to better manage IPSB including greater patient awareness of appropriate behaviour, specific curriculum content and assertiveness training in undergraduate programs and continuing professional education, as well as the creation of ethical guidelines for patient behaviour by regulatory bodies. Conclusion This is the first study to give a forum for female chiropractors to discuss their experiences of IPSB. The domain of private practice is not immune to incidents IPSB and although similar to day-to-day non-clinical life is nonetheless surprising and impactful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Innes
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education (SHEE) , Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia.
| | - Laura Maurice
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity Australia, Bundaberg Campus, Norman Gardens, Australia
| | - Michele Lastella
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity Australia, Bundaberg Campus, Norman Gardens, Australia
| | - Catherine O'Mullan
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity Australia, Bundaberg Campus, Norman Gardens, Australia
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O'Mullan C, O'Reilly M, Meredith P. Bringing sexuality out of the closet: What can we learn from occupational therapists who successfully address the area of sexuality in everyday practice? Aust Occup Ther J 2021; 68:272-281. [PMID: 33598988 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1630.12723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sex has been recognised as an activity of daily living, and sexuality as an important part of our identity, with implications for our self-esteem and quality of life. Although this brings sex and sexuality within the scope of occupational therapy practice, empirical and anecdotal information suggests that neither are routinely included in therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the experiences of therapists who are comfortable addressing sex and sexuality in practice, with a view to influencing future research and practice. The research question posed was as follows: "What can we learn from occupational therapists who successfully address the area of sexuality in everyday practice?" METHODS Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to explore the research question. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 Australian occupational therapists who were purposively recruited. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed following the guidelines for IPA data analysis. RESULTS Four master themes and five sub-themes emerged from the analysis and are discussed under the following headings: sexuality matters; know your boundaries; just do it; and seek support and mentoring. The themes provide insight into how occupational therapists successfully integrate sexuality into everyday practice. CONCLUSION According to the participants in this study, addressing sex and sexuality during therapy is part of providing holistic client-centred care. With clear personal and professional boundaries, occupational therapists can address sexuality within routine practice utilising core occupational therapy skills, such as communication, collaborative problem solving, pacing, positioning, and adaptive equipment. Furthermore, participants demonstrated that this can be done within a range of settings. It starts with a commitment and the motivation to find a way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathy O'Mullan
- Central Queensland University, Bundaberg, Qld, Australia
| | - Maria O'Reilly
- Central Queensland University, Bundaberg, Qld, Australia
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Ransdell LB, Lane TS, Schwartz AL, Wayment HA, Baldwin JA. Mentoring New and Early-Stage Investigators and Underrepresented Minority Faculty for Research Success in Health-Related Fields: An Integrative Literature Review (2010-2020). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020432. [PMID: 33430479 PMCID: PMC7826619 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mentoring to develop research skills is an important strategy for facilitating faculty success. The purpose of this study was to conduct an integrative literature review to examine the barriers and facilitators to mentoring in health-related research, particularly for three categories: new investigators (NI), early-stage investigators (ESI) and underrepresented minority faculty (UMF). PsychINFO, CINAHL and PubMed were searched for papers published in English from 2010 to 2020, and 46 papers were reviewed. Most papers recommended having multiple mentors and many recommended assessing baseline research skills. Barriers and facilitators were both individual and institutional. Individual barriers mentioned most frequently were a lack of time and finding work-life balance. UMF mentioned barriers related to bias, discrimination and isolation. Institutional barriers included lack of mentors, lack of access to resources, and heavy teaching and service loads. UMF experienced institutional barriers such as devaluation of experience or expertise. Individual facilitators were subdivided and included writing and synthesis as technical skills, networking and collaborating as interpersonal skills, and accountability, leadership, time management, and resilience/grit as personal skills. Institutional facilitators included access to mentoring, professional development opportunities, and workload assigned to research. Advocacy for diversity and cultural humility were included as unique interpersonal and institutional facilitators for UMF. Several overlapping and unique barriers and facilitators to mentoring for research success for NI, ESI and UMF in the health-related disciplines are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynda B. Ransdell
- Center for Health Equity Research, Northern Arizona University, 1395 S Knoles Drive, Suite 140, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA; (T.S.L.); (A.L.S.); (H.A.W.); (J.A.B.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 1100 S Beaver St, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Taylor S. Lane
- Center for Health Equity Research, Northern Arizona University, 1395 S Knoles Drive, Suite 140, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA; (T.S.L.); (A.L.S.); (H.A.W.); (J.A.B.)
| | - Anna L. Schwartz
- Center for Health Equity Research, Northern Arizona University, 1395 S Knoles Drive, Suite 140, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA; (T.S.L.); (A.L.S.); (H.A.W.); (J.A.B.)
- School of Nursing, Northern Arizona University, 202 E Pine Knoll Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Heidi A. Wayment
- Center for Health Equity Research, Northern Arizona University, 1395 S Knoles Drive, Suite 140, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA; (T.S.L.); (A.L.S.); (H.A.W.); (J.A.B.)
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 1100 S Beaver St, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Julie A. Baldwin
- Center for Health Equity Research, Northern Arizona University, 1395 S Knoles Drive, Suite 140, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA; (T.S.L.); (A.L.S.); (H.A.W.); (J.A.B.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 1100 S Beaver St, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
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Steinert T. Potential language bias in systematic reviews on the use of coercion in psychiatry. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2020; 142:68-69. [PMID: 32492757 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Steinert
- Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy I, Centers for Psychiatry Suedwuerttemberg, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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Jacobs K. From the Editor. Work 2020; 65:699-700. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-203123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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