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Boateng ST, Roy T, Torrey K, Owunna U, Banang-Mbeumi S, Basnet D, Niedda E, Alexander AD, Hage DE, Atchimnaidu S, Nagalo BM, Aryal D, Findley A, Seeram NP, Efimova T, Sechi M, Hill RA, Ma H, Chamcheu JC, Murru S. Synthesis, in silico modelling, and in vitro biological evaluation of substituted pyrazole derivatives as potential anti-skin cancer, anti-tyrosinase, and antioxidant agents. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2205042. [PMID: 37184042 PMCID: PMC10187093 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2205042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Twenty-five azole compounds (P1-P25) were synthesised using regioselective base-metal catalysed and microwave-assisted approaches, fully characterised by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and infrared spectra (IR) analyses, and evaluated for anticancer, anti-tyrosinase, and anti-oxidant activities in silico and in vitro. P25 exhibited potent anticancer activity against cells of four skin cancer (SC) lines, with selectivity for melanoma (A375, SK-Mel-28) or non-melanoma (A431, SCC-12) SC cells over non-cancerous HaCaT-keratinocytes. Clonogenic, scratch-wound, and immunoblotting assay data were consistent with anti-proliferative results, expression profiling therewith implicating intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis activation. In a mushroom tyrosinase inhibition assay, P14 was most potent among the compounds (half-maximal inhibitory concentration where 50% of cells are dead, IC50 15.9 μM), with activity greater than arbutin and kojic acid. Also, P6 exhibited noteworthy free radical-scavenging activity. Furthermore, in silico docking and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) simulations predicted prominent-phenotypic actives to engage diverse cancer/hyperpigmentation-related targets with relatively high affinities. Altogether, promising early-stage hits were identified - some with multiple activities - warranting further hit-to-lead optimisation chemistry with further biological evaluations, towards identifying new skin-cancer and skin-pigmentation renormalising agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel T. Boateng
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Tithi Roy
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Kara Torrey
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Uchechi Owunna
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education and Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Sergette Banang-Mbeumi
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
- School of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Louisiana Delta Community College, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - David Basnet
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education and Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Eleonora Niedda
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alexis D. Alexander
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Denzel El Hage
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education and Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Siriki Atchimnaidu
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education and Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Bolni Marius Nagalo
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock, AR, USA
- The Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, UAMS, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Dinesh Aryal
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Affairs and Research, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Ann Findley
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education and Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Navindra P. Seeram
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Tatiana Efimova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Ronald A. Hill
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Hang Ma
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Jean Christopher Chamcheu
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Siva Murru
- School of Sciences, College of Arts, Education and Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
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Tripolino C, Ciaffi J, Ruscitti P, Giacomelli R, Meliconi R, Ursini F. Hyperuricemia in Psoriatic Arthritis: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Implications. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:737573. [PMID: 34631755 PMCID: PMC8492931 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.737573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) represents the articular component of the systemic psoriatic disease and the extra-cutaneous disorder most frequently found in patients with psoriasis. Besides the articular involvement, PsA is associated with several metabolic abnormalities such as insulin resistance, hypertension, diabetes and hyperuricemia. Uric acid is the final product of purine metabolism and the etiological substrate of gout. Accumulating evidence highlights the emerging role of hyperuricemia as a major cardiovascular risk factor. Moreover, different studies evaluated the interplay between hyperuricemia and psoriatic disease, suggesting that individuals affected by psoriasis or PsA might present higher serum levels of uric acid and that hyperuricemia might affect severity of clinical manifestations and degree of inflammation in PsA patients. In this review, we focus on the bidirectional relationship between uric acid and PsA, analyzing how uric acid may be involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis/PsA and how clinical manifestations of PsA and inflammatory mediators are affected by uric acid concentrations. Finally, the effects of anti-rheumatic drugs on uric acid levels and the potential benefit of urate-lowering therapies on psoriasis and PsA were summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesare Tripolino
- Geriatric Medicine Unit, Department of Medical Functional Area, "San Giovanni di Dio" Hospital, Crotone, Italy
| | - Jacopo Ciaffi
- Medicine and Rheumatology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), Bologna, Italy
| | - Piero Ruscitti
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Roberto Giacomelli
- Unit of Allergology, Immunology, Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico Di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Meliconi
- Medicine and Rheumatology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), Bologna, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Ursini
- Medicine and Rheumatology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), Bologna, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Spittaels KJ, van Uytfanghe K, Zouboulis CC, Stove C, Crabbé A, Coenye T. Porphyrins produced by acneic Cutibacterium acnes strains activate the inflammasome by inducing K + leakage. iScience 2021; 24:102575. [PMID: 34151228 PMCID: PMC8188554 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Some Cutibacterium acnes subgroups dominate on healthy skin, whereas others are frequently acne associated. Here we provide mechanistic insights into this difference, using an anaerobic keratinocyte-sebocyte-C. acnes co-culture model. An acneic C. acnes strain as well as its porphyrins activates NRLP3 inflammasome assembly, whereas this was not observed with a non-acneic strain. Low levels of intracellular K+ in keratinocytes stimulated with extracted porphyrins or infected with the acneic strain were observed, identifying porphyrin-induced K+ leakage as trigger for inflammasome activation. Using a panel of C. acnes strains, we found that porphyrin production and IL-1β release are correlated and are higher in acneic strains. This demonstrates that the latter produce more porphyrins, which interact with the keratinocyte cell membrane, leading to K+ leakage, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and IL-1β release and provides an explanation for the observation that some C. acnes strains are associated with healthy skin, whereas others dominate in acneic skin. We developed an anaerobic keratinocyte-sebocyte-C. acnes co-culture model Acneic C. acnes strains and their porphyrins activate NRLP3 inflammasome assembly Activation of the NRLP3 inflammasome is not observed in non-acneic strains Porphyrins from acneic C. acnes activate the inflammasome by inducing K+ leakage
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl-Jan Spittaels
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katleen van Uytfanghe
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christos C Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, 06847 Dessau, Germany
| | - Christophe Stove
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Aurélie Crabbé
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Coenye
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Altonsy MO, Kurwa HA, Lauzon GJ, Amrein M, Gerber AN, Almishri W, Mydlarski PR. Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum, a human skin colonizer, induces the canonical nuclear factor-κB inflammatory signaling pathway in human skin cells. Immun Inflamm Dis 2020; 8:62-79. [PMID: 31912662 PMCID: PMC7016847 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum (C. t.) is a ubiquitous bacterium that colonizes human skin. In contrast to other members of the genus Corynebacterium, such as toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae or the opportunistic pathogen Corynebacterium jeikeium, several studies suggest that C. t. may play a role in skin health and disease. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain poorly understood. METHODS To investigate whether C. t. induces inflammatory pathways in primary human epidermal keratinocytes (HEKs) and human cutaneous squamous carcinoma cells (SCCs), cell culture, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence microscopy, Western blot, chromatin immunoprecipitation-PCR, small interfering RNA knockdown and luciferase reporter expression system were used. RESULTS Herein, we demonstrate that C. t. upregulates the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels of inflammatory mediators in two human skin cell lines, HEKs and SCCs. We further show activation of the canonical nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway in response to C. t. infection, including phosphorylation of the inhibitor of κB (IκB), the nuclear translocation of NF-κB subunit (NF-κB-P65 ) and the recruitment of NF-κB-P65 and RNA polymerase to the NF-κB response elements at the promoter region of the inflammatory genes. Lastly, the data confirm that C. t.-induced tumor necrosis factor mRNA expression in HEKs is toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2 ) dependent. CONCLUSION Our results offer a mechanistic model for C. t.-induced inflammation in human keratinocytes via TLR2 and activation of IκB kinase and downstream signaling through the canonical NF-κB pathway. Relevance to chronic inflammatory diseases of the skin and cutaneous oncology is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed O. Altonsy
- Division of Dermatology, Department of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryCanada
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of ScienceSohag UniversitySohagEgypt
| | - Habib A. Kurwa
- Division of Dermatology, Department of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryCanada
| | - Gilles J. Lauzon
- Division of Dermatology, Department of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryCanada
| | - Matthias Amrein
- Department of Cell Biology and AnatomyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryCanada
| | - Anthony N. Gerber
- Department of MedicineNational Jewish HealthDenverColorado
- Department of MedicineUniversity of ColoradoDenverColorado
| | - Wagdi Almishri
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryCanada
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Santiago-Téllez A, Castrillón-Rivera LE, Palma-Ramos A, Bello-López JM, Sainz-Espuñes T, Contreras-Paredes A, Luna-Herrera J, Castañeda-Sánchez JI. Keratinocyte infection by Actinomadura madurae triggers an inflammatory response. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2019; 113:392-398. [PMID: 30989203 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trz022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Actinomycetoma is a syndrome of the skin characterized by chronic inflammation and lesions with nodular grain-like structures. The most common aetiological agents are Nocardia brasiliensis and Actinomadura madurae. In response to infection with these organisms the body produces an inflammatory immune response in the skin. The aim of the present study was to determine the production of chemokines, pro-inflammatory cytokines, antimicrobial peptides and the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in keratinocytes infected by A. madurae. METHODS A cell line of HaCaT keratinocytes was infected with A. madurae at a multiplicity of infection of 20:1 for 2 h and the samples were collected from 2 to 72 h post-infection. Intracellular replication of the bacterium was evaluated by counting of colony-forming units, the TLR expression and antimicrobial peptide production were assayed by confocal microscopy and chemokine and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Early in the infection, A. madurae was able to achieve intracellular replication in keratinocytes, however, the cells eventually controlled the infection. In response to the infection, keratinocytes overexpressed TLR2 and TLR6, produced high concentrations of cytokines monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, interleukin 8, human β-defensin-1, human β-defensin-2 and LL37 and low levels of tumour necrosis factor α. CONCLUSIONS The human keratinocytes contribute to the inflammatory process in response to A. madurae infection by overexpressing TLRs and producing chemokines, pro-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Santiago-Téllez
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Villa Quietud, Coyoacán, Mexico city, Mexico.,Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Villa Quietud, Coyoacán, Mexico city, Mexico
| | - Laura Estela Castrillón-Rivera
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Villa Quietud, Coyoacán, Mexico city, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Palma-Ramos
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Villa Quietud, Coyoacán, Mexico city, Mexico
| | - Juan Manuel Bello-López
- Unidad de Investigación en Microbiología y Toxicología, Hospital Juárez de México, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 5160, Magdalena de las Salinas, Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico city, Mexico
| | - Teresita Sainz-Espuñes
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Villa Quietud, Coyoacán, Mexico city, Mexico
| | - Adriana Contreras-Paredes
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Avenida San Fernando 22, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico city, Mexico
| | - Julieta Luna-Herrera
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación Manuel Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Santo Tomás, Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico city, Mexico
| | - Jorge Ismael Castañeda-Sánchez
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Villa Quietud, Coyoacán, Mexico city, Mexico
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Liu Q, Xiao S, Xia Y. TWEAK/Fn14 Activation Participates in Skin Inflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:6746870. [PMID: 29038621 PMCID: PMC5606047 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6746870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) participates in multiple biological activities via binding to its sole receptor-fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14). The TWEAK/Fn14 signaling pathway is activated in skin inflammation and modulates the inflammatory responses of keratinocytes by activating nuclear factor-κB signals and enhancing the production of several cytokines, including interleukins, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted), and interferon gamma-induced protein 10. Mild or transient TWEAK/Fn14 activation contributes to tissular repair and regeneration while excessive or persistent TWEAK/Fn14 signals may lead to severe inflammatory infiltration and tissue damage. TWEAK also regulates cell fate of keratinocytes, involving the function of Fn14-TNF receptor-associated factor-TNF receptor axis. By recruiting inflammatory cells, promoting cytokine production, and regulating cell fate, TWEAK/Fn14 activation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of various skin disorders, such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, cutaneous vasculitis, human papillomavirus infection and related skin tumors, and cutaneous autoimmune diseases. Therefore, the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway may be a potential target for the development of novel therapeutics for skin inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilu Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shengxiang Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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