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Halary S, Duperron S, Kim Tiam S, Duval C, Bernard C, Marie B. Intra-population genomic diversity of the bloom-forming cyanobacterium, Aphanizomenon gracile, at low spatial scale. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:57. [PMID: 37280295 PMCID: PMC10244403 DOI: 10.1038/s43705-023-00263-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are oxygenic photosynthetic bacteria that perform a substantial part of the global primary production. Some species are responsible for catastrophic environmental events, called blooms, which have become increasingly common in lakes and freshwater bodies as a consequence of global changes. Genotypic diversity is considered essential for marine cyanobacterial population, allowing it to cope with spatio-temporal environmental variations and to adapt to specific micro-niches in the ecosystem. This aspect is underestimated in the study of bloom development, however, and given little notice in studies of the ecology of harmful cyanobacteria. Here we compared the genomes of four strains of Aphanizomenon gracile, a species of filamentous toxinogenic cyanobacteria (Nostocales) found worldwide in fresh and brackish water. Millimeter-sized fascicles were isolated from a single water sample and have been maintained in culture since 2010. A comparative study revealed extensive heterogeneity in gene contents, despite similar genome size and high similarity indices. These variations were mainly associated with mobile genetic elements and biosynthetic gene clusters. For some of the latter, metabolomic analysis confirmed the production of related secondary metabolites, such as cyanotoxins and carotenoids, which are thought to play a fundamental role in the cyanobacterial fitness. Altogether, these results demonstrated that an A. gracile bloom could be a highly diverse population at low spatial scale and raised questions about potential exchanges of essential metabolites between individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Halary
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, UMR7245 Mécanismes de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, 12 rue Buffon, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - Sébastien Duperron
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, UMR7245 Mécanismes de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, 12 rue Buffon, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Kim Tiam
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, UMR7245 Mécanismes de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, 12 rue Buffon, 75005, Paris, France
- UMR5557 Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne, Université de Lyon, 43 bd du 11 novembre 1918, Villeurbanne, F-69622, Lyon, France
| | - Charlotte Duval
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, UMR7245 Mécanismes de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, 12 rue Buffon, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Bernard
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, UMR7245 Mécanismes de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, 12 rue Buffon, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Marie
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, UMR7245 Mécanismes de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, 12 rue Buffon, 75005, Paris, France
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Cai P, Cai Q, He F, Huang Y, Tian C, Wu X, Wang C, Xiao B. Flexibility of Microcystis Overwintering Strategy in Response to Winter Temperatures. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9112278. [PMID: 34835404 PMCID: PMC8619829 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Microcystis is one of the most common bloom-forming cyanobacteria in freshwater ecosystems throughout the world. However, the underlying life history mechanism and distinct temporal dynamics (inter- and intra-annual) of Microcystis populations in different geographical locations and lakes remain unclear but is critical information needed for the development of robust prediction, prevention, and management strategies. Perennial observations indicate that temperature may be the key factor driving differences in the overwintering strategy. This study quantitatively compared the overwintering abilities of Microcystis aeruginosa (Ma) in both the water column and sediments under a gradient of overwintering water temperatures (i.e., 4, 8, and 12 °C) using the death and proliferation rates of Ma. The results show that the dynamics of the Microcystis overwintering strategy were significantly affected by water temperatures. At 4 and 8 °C, Ma mainly overwintered in sediments and disappeared from the water column after exposure to low temperatures for a long duration, although some Microcystis cells can overwinter in the water column for short durations at low temperatures. At 12 °C, most Ma can overwinter in the water column. Rising temperatures promoted the proliferation of pelagic Ma but accelerated the death of benthic Ma. With warmer winter temperatures, pelagic Microcystis might become the primary inoculum sources in the spring. Our study highlights the overwintering strategy flexibility in explaining temporal dynamics differences of Microcystis among in geographical locations and should be considered in the context of global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Cai
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (P.C.); (Q.C.); (C.T.); (X.W.); (B.X.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qijia Cai
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (P.C.); (Q.C.); (C.T.); (X.W.); (B.X.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feng He
- Research Academy of Plateau Lake Dianchi, Kunming 671500, China; (F.H.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yuhong Huang
- Research Academy of Plateau Lake Dianchi, Kunming 671500, China; (F.H.); (Y.H.)
| | - Cuicui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (P.C.); (Q.C.); (C.T.); (X.W.); (B.X.)
| | - Xingqiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (P.C.); (Q.C.); (C.T.); (X.W.); (B.X.)
| | - Chunbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (P.C.); (Q.C.); (C.T.); (X.W.); (B.X.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Bangding Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (P.C.); (Q.C.); (C.T.); (X.W.); (B.X.)
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Álvarez SD, Kruk C, Martínez de la Escalera G, Montes MA, Segura AM, Piccini C. Morphology captures toxicity in Microcystis aeruginosa complex: Evidence from a wide environmental gradient ✰. HARMFUL ALGAE 2020; 97:101854. [PMID: 32732048 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2020.101854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Blooms of the Microcystis aeruginosa complex (MAC) consist of mixtures of toxin-producing and non-toxin-producing populations, but the environmental conditions that determine their relative abundance and shift are not clear. Morphological traits reflect the responses of MAC organisms to environmental changes, thus they could be useful to improve the predictability of the abundance of both toxic and nontoxic populations. In this work, the response of MAC toxic populations to environmental conditions and their relationship with morphology (size of organisms) were investigated in different water bodies (reservoir, river, and estuary) covering wide salinity (0-33) and temperature (10-36 °C) gradients. Sub-surface water samples were collected and divided into 4 size classes (mesh size 〈20 µm, 20-60 µm, 60-150 µm and〉 150 µm) and three toxicity proxies were assessed (mcyE gene and transcripts copy numbers and microcystin concentration) for each size-class. For all the size-classes, the logarithm of the number of mcyE gene copies per sample was proportional to the logarithm of the corresponding biovolume fraction, showing that MAC biovolume is a good indicator of toxicity potential. When toxicity was analyzed through mcyE transcript abundance and microcystin concentration, the largest size fraction (>150 µm) showed the highest toxicity values of both proxies. Nevertheless, mcyE transcription and toxin production per cell were higher in the colonies retained in the 60 to 150 µm size fractions, followed by single cells (<20 µm). At the reservoir, where environmental variability is low, the total abundance of mcyE gene copies was significantly explained by MAC biovolume, regardless of the environmental conditions. However, when data from the reservoir to the estuary were modeled, biovolume and temperature (with a minor contribution of salinity and wind intensity) were selected in the best models. According to these results, the size distribution of MAC biovolume appears as a good predictor of active toxin production, being the colonies in the 60-150 µm size fraction good indicators of higher toxicity. These results can be used to predict MAC toxicity based on the size structure of the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Deus Álvarez
- Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable (IIBCE), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Carla Kruk
- Ecología Funcional de Sistemas Acuáticos, CURE-Rocha, Universidad de la República, Uruguay; Sección Limnología, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
| | | | - Martín A Montes
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Terrestrial Information Systems Laboratory, Greenbelt, MD 20771, United States
| | - Angel M Segura
- Modelización y Análisis de Recursos Naturales, CURE Rocha, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
| | - Claudia Piccini
- Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable (IIBCE), Montevideo, Uruguay.
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Lu J, Struewing I, Wymer L, Tettenhorst DR, Shoemaker J, Allen J. Use of qPCR and RT-qPCR for monitoring variations of microcystin producers and as an early warning system to predict toxin production in an Ohio inland lake. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 170:115262. [PMID: 31785564 PMCID: PMC7075668 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Public concern over cyanobacterial blooms has increased due to their higher frequency of occurrence and their potential ecological and health impacts. Detection of microcystin (MC) producers (MCPs) using qPCR and RT-qPCR allows for the rapid identification of blooms by combining specificity and sensitivity with a relatively high throughput capability. Investigation of MCP population composition (correlation, dominance), toxin gene expression, and relationship to MC concentration was conducted using a panel of qPCR assays targeting mcyA, E and G on weekly and daily water samples collected from an Ohio inland reservoir lake. Further, these data were used to develop early warning thresholds for prediction of MC concentrations exceeding the US EPA Health Advisory cutoff value (>0.3 μg L-1) using receiver operating characteristic curves and tobit regression. MCP Microcystis genomic copy number made up approximately 35% of the total Microcystis spp. and was the dominant toxic subpopulation of MCPs. The expressed MCPs were 0.2% of the extant genomic copy numbers, while toxic Microcystis had higher expressed proportion (0.5%) than that of toxic Planktothrix (0.04%). Microcystis toxin genes increased in June and July but decreased in August and September along with similar trends of cell replication. Quantities of both RT-qPCR and qPCR followed the same trend and were highly correlated with MC-ADDA, while RT-qPCR not only reflected the active toxin genes or toxic species, but also indicated the beginning and ending of toxin production. A one-week early warning of MC exceedance over the EPA Health Advisory was based on signaling of qPCR and RT-qPCR using receiver operating characteristic curves. This study illustrates the potential use of qPCR or RT-qPCR as an early warning system of extant and MC producing potentials during a toxic algal bloom, with predictive powers of 50%-60% and 30%-40% (p < 0.001), respectively, and false positive rates of about 70% for both LC-MS/MS or ELISA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrang Lu
- Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, 45268, USA.
| | - Ian Struewing
- Pegasus Technical Services Inc, Cincinnati, OH, 45268, USA
| | - Larry Wymer
- Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, 45268, USA
| | - Daniel R Tettenhorst
- Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, 45268, USA
| | - Jody Shoemaker
- Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, 45268, USA
| | - Joel Allen
- Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, 45268, USA
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Feng B, Wang C, Wu X, Tian C, Zhang M, Tian Y, Xiao B. Spatiotemporal dynamics of cell abundance, colony size and intracellular toxin concentrations of pelagic and benthic Microcystis in Lake Caohai, China. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 84:184-196. [PMID: 31284910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lake Caohai has experienced extensive Microcystis blooms in recent years, and to improve its water quality, the local government carried out a series of water control measures. To better understand the dynamics of both pelagic and benthic Microcystis and their characteristics in Lake Caohai, we conducted a 1-year investigation from December 2015 to December 2016 to gain a seasonal outlook on the distribution and dynamics of cell abundance, colony size and intracellular microcystins (MCs) of Microcystis. The results indicated that the Microcystis bloom occupied primarily the northeastern region and then moved gradually from lakeshore to lake center. The perennial southwesterly winds and the water inflow from northeast to southwest in Lake Caohai determined the spatiotemporal distribution of pelagic Microcystis. Benthic Microcystis was mainly distributed in the northeastern region in summer, occupied the lake center in autumn and then occupied the southeastern region in winter, determined by the sedimentation of pelagic Microcystis and the death of benthic Microcystis. Small colonies (20-60 μm) overwintered more easily in both water column and sediment. The concentrations of intracellular toxin of benthic Microcystis were observed to be significantly higher than those of pelagic Microcystis. This might be because Microcystis synthesized large amount of MCs to acclimate to an unfavorable benthic environment. This knowledge on the dynamics of Microcystis expands our understanding of mechanisms underpinning the formation of Microcystis blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Feng
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; Jiangxi Academy of Environmental Sciences, Nanchang 330039, China
| | - Chunbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xingqiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Cuicui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Jiangxi Academy of Environmental Sciences, Nanchang 330039, China
| | | | - Bangding Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
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Saoudi A, Brient L, Boucetta S, Ouzrout R, Bormans M, Bensouilah M. Management of toxic cyanobacteria for drinking water production of Ain Zada Dam. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2017; 189:361. [PMID: 28667413 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-6058-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Blooms of toxic cyanobacteria in Algerian reservoirs represent a potential health problem, mainly from drinking water that supplies the local population of Ain Zada (Bordj Bou Arreridj). The objective of this study is to monitor, detect, and identify the existence of cyanobacteria and microcystins during blooming times. Samples were taken in 2013 from eight stations. The results show that three potentially toxic cyanobacterial genera with the species Planktothrix agardhii were dominant. Cyanobacterial biomass, phycocyanin (PC) concentrations, and microcystin (MC) concentrations were high in the surface layer and at 14 m depth; these values were also high in the treated water. On 11 May 2013, MC concentrations were 6.3 μg/L in MC-LR equivalent in the drinking water. This study shows for the first time the presence of cyanotoxins in raw and treated waters, highlighting that regular monitoring of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins must be undertaken to avoid potential health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Saoudi
- Faculty of Sciences, Ecobiology Laboratory for Marine Environments and Coastal Areas, BP 12 El-Hadjar, University of Badji Mokhtar, 23000, Annaba, Algeria.
| | - Luc Brient
- UMR/CNRS Ecobio 6553, University of Rennes I, Rennes, 35 042, France
| | - Sabrine Boucetta
- Department of Biology and Plant Ecology, University Ferhat Abbas Sétif 1, Sétif, Algeria
| | - Rachid Ouzrout
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of natural and life sciences, Chadli Bendjedid University, Box. P.0.73, 36000, El Tarf, Algeria
| | - Myriam Bormans
- UMR/CNRS Ecobio 6553, University of Rennes I, Rennes, 35 042, France
| | - Mourad Bensouilah
- Faculty of Sciences, Ecobiology Laboratory for Marine Environments and Coastal Areas, BP 12 El-Hadjar, University of Badji Mokhtar, 23000, Annaba, Algeria
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Hu C, Rea C, Yu Z, Lee J. Relative importance of Microcystis
abundance and diversity in determining microcystin dynamics in Lake Erie coastal wetland and downstream beach water. J Appl Microbiol 2015; 120:138-51. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Hu
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences; College of Public Health; The Ohio State University; Columbus OH USA
| | - C. Rea
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences; College of Public Health; The Ohio State University; Columbus OH USA
| | - Z. Yu
- Department of Animal Sciences; The Ohio State University; Columbus OH USA
| | - J. Lee
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences; College of Public Health; The Ohio State University; Columbus OH USA
- Department of Food Science and Technology; The Ohio State University; Columbus OH USA
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