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Simpson S, Bettauer V, Ramachandran A, Kraemer S, Mahon S, Medina M, Vallès Y, Dumeaux V, Vallès H, Walsh D, Hallett MT. A metagenomic-based study of two sites from the Barbadian reef system. CORAL REEFS (ONLINE) 2023; 42:359-366. [PMID: 37009568 PMCID: PMC10060342 DOI: 10.1007/s00338-022-02330-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We study the microbiome of sea water collected from two locations of the Barbadian coral reefs. The two sites differ in several environmental and ecological variables including their endogenous benthic community and their proximity to urban development and runoffs from inland watersheds. The composition of the microbial communities was estimated using whole genome DNA shotgun sequencing with adjuvant measurements of chemical and environmental qualities. Although both sites exhibit a similar degree of richness, the less urbanized site (Maycocks reef at Hangman's Bay) has a strong concentration of phototrophs whereas the more urbanized location (Bellairs reef at Folkstone) is enriched for copiotrophs, macroalgal symbionts and marine-related disease-bearing organisms from taxa scattered across the tree of life. Our results are concordant with previous profiles of warm ocean surface waters, suggesting our approach captures the state of each coral reef site, setting the stage for longitudinal studies of marine microbiome dynamics in Barbados. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00338-022-02330-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Simpson
- Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - V. Bettauer
- Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - A. Ramachandran
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - S. Kraemer
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - S. Mahon
- Coral Reef Restoration Alliance (CORALL), Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - M. Medina
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA USA
| | - Y. Vallès
- Department of Biology and Chemical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados
| | - V. Dumeaux
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - H. Vallès
- Department of Biology and Chemical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados
| | - D. Walsh
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - M. T. Hallett
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
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Donham EM, Hamilton SL, Aiello I, Price NN, Smith JE. Consequences of Warming and Acidification for the Temperate Articulated Coralline Alga, Calliarthron Tuberculosum (Florideophyceae, Rhodophyta). JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2022; 58:517-529. [PMID: 35657106 PMCID: PMC9543584 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Global climate changes, such as warming and ocean acidification (OA), are likely to negatively impact calcifying marine taxa. Abundant and ecologically important coralline algae may be particularly susceptible to OA; however, multi-stressor studies and those on articulated morphotypes are lacking. Here, we use field observations and laboratory experiments to elucidate the impacts of warming and acidification on growth, calcification, mineralogy, and photophysiology of the temperate articulated coralline alga, Calliarthron tuberculosum. We conducted a 4-week fully factorial mesocosm experiment exposing individuals from a southern CA kelp forest to current and future temperature and pH/pCO2 conditions (+2°C, -0.5 pH units). Calcification was reduced under warming (70%) and further reduced by high pCO2 or high pCO2 x warming (~150%). Growth (change in linear extension and surface area) was reduced by warming (40% and 50%, respectively), high pCO2 (20% and 40%, respectively), and high pCO2 x warming (50% and 75%, respectively). The maximum photosynthetic rate (Pmax ) increased by 100% under high pCO2 conditions, but we did not detect an effect of pCO2 or warming on photosynthetic efficiency (α). We also did not detect the effect of warming or pCO2 on mineralogy. However, variation in Mg incorporation in cell walls of different cell types (i.e., higher mol % Mg in cortical vs. medullary) was documented for the first time in this species. These results support findings from a growing body of literature suggesting that coralline algae are often more negatively impacted by warming than OA, with the potential for antagonistic effects when factors are combined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M. Donham
- University of California Santa CruzEcology and Evolutionary Biology130 McAllister Way, Santa CruzCalifornia95060USA
| | - Scott L. Hamilton
- Moss Landing Marine LaboratoriesSan Jose State University8272 Moss Landing RdMoss LandingCalifornia95039USA
| | - Ivano Aiello
- Moss Landing Marine LaboratoriesSan Jose State University8272 Moss Landing RdMoss LandingCalifornia95039USA
| | - Nichole N. Price
- Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences60 Dr, East BoothbayBigelowMaine04544USA
| | - Jennifer E. Smith
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography9500 Gilman Dr, La JollaCalifornia92093USA
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Influence of ocean warming and acidification on habitat-forming coralline algae and their associated molluscan assemblages. Glob Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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La Marca EC, Catania V, Tagliavia M, Mannino AM, Chemello R, Quatrini P. Temporal dynamic of biofilms enhances the settlement of the central-Mediterranean reef-builder Dendropoma cristatum (Biondi, 1859). MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 172:105484. [PMID: 34695696 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Research on marine invertebrate settlement provides baseline knowledge for restoration technique implementation, especially for biogenic engineers with limited dispersion ability. Previously, we determined that the maturity of a biofilm strongly enhances the settlement of the vermetid reef-builder Dendropoma cristatum. To elucidate settlement-related biofilm features, here we analyse the structure and composition of marine biofilms over time, through microscopic observations, eukaryotic and prokaryotic fingerprinting analyses and 16S rDNA Illumina sequencing. The vermetid settlement temporal increase matched with the higher biofilm coverage on the substratum and the reduction of the eukaryotic abundance and diversity. The prokaryotic assemblage become, over time, more similar to that found on the reef-associated biofilm. Vermetids may detect these differences and selectively settle on those biofilms which show an advantageous structure and composition. These outcomes may support the production of ideal substrates for vermetid colonization and their further translocation to repopulate degraded reefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Claudia La Marca
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, University of Palermo, 90123, Palermo, Italy; Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, 00196, Rome, Italy.
| | - Valentina Catania
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, University of Palermo, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marcello Tagliavia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, University of Palermo, 90128, Palermo, Italy; Istituto per la Ricerca e l'Innovazione Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Palermo, 90146, Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Mannino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, University of Palermo, 90128, Palermo, Italy; Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, 00196, Rome, Italy
| | - Renato Chemello
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, University of Palermo, 90123, Palermo, Italy; Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, 00196, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Quatrini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, University of Palermo, 90128, Palermo, Italy
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Paix B, Potin P, Schires G, Le Poupon C, Misson B, Leblanc C, Culioli G, Briand JF. Synergistic effects of temperature and light affect the relationship between Taonia atomaria and its epibacterial community: a controlled conditions study. Environ Microbiol 2021; 23:6777-6797. [PMID: 34490980 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the context of global warming, this study aimed to assess the effect of temperature and irradiance on the macroalgal Taonia atomaria holobiont dynamics. We developed an experimental set-up using aquaria supplied by natural seawater with three temperatures combined with three irradiances. The holobiont response was monitored over 14 days using a multi-omics approach coupling algal surface metabolomics and metabarcoding. Both temperature and irradiance appeared to shape the microbiota and the surface metabolome, but with a distinct temporality. Epibacterial community first changed according to temperature, and later in relation to irradiance, while the opposite occurred for the surface metabolome. An increased temperature revealed a decreasing richness of the epiphytic community together with an increase of several bacterial taxa. Irradiance changes appeared to quickly impact surface metabolites production linked with the algal host photosynthesis (e.g. mannitol, fucoxanthin, dimethylsulfoniopropionate), which was hypothesized to explain modifications of the structure of the epiphytic community. Algal host may also directly adapt its surface metabolome to changing temperature with time (e.g. lipids content) and also in response to changing microbiota (e.g. chemical defences). Finally, this study brought new insights highlighting complex direct and indirect responses of seaweeds and their associated microbiota under changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Paix
- Université de Toulon, Laboratoire MAPIEM, La Garde, EA 4323, France
| | - Philippe Potin
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), UMR 8227, Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Roscoff, France
| | - Gaëtan Schires
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Center for Biological Marine Resources (CRBM), FR 2424, Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Roscoff, France
| | - Christophe Le Poupon
- Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UM110, La Garde, France
| | - Benjamin Misson
- Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UM110, La Garde, France
| | - Catherine Leblanc
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), UMR 8227, Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Roscoff, France
| | - Gérald Culioli
- Université de Toulon, Laboratoire MAPIEM, La Garde, EA 4323, France
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Paix B, Vieira C, Potin P, Leblanc C, De Clerck O, Briand JF, Culioli G. French Mediterranean and Atlantic populations of the brown algal genus Taonia (Dictyotales) display differences in phylogeny, surface metabolomes and epibacterial communities. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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7
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Paix B, Layglon N, Le Poupon C, D'Onofrio S, Misson B, Garnier C, Culioli G, Briand JF. Integration of spatio-temporal variations of surface metabolomes and epibacterial communities highlights the importance of copper stress as a major factor shaping host-microbiota interactions within a Mediterranean seaweed holobiont. MICROBIOME 2021; 9:201. [PMID: 34641951 PMCID: PMC8507236 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01124-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although considered as holobionts, macroalgae and their surface microbiota share intimate interactions that are still poorly understood. Little is known on the effect of environmental parameters on the close relationships between the host and its surface-associated microbiota, and even more in a context of coastal pollutions. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to decipher the impact of local environmental parameters, especially trace metal concentrations, on an algal holobiont dynamics using the Phaeophyta Taonia atomaria as a model. Through a multidisciplinary multi-omics approach combining metabarcoding and untargeted LC-MS-based metabolomics, the epibacterial communities and the surface metabolome of T. atomaria were monitored along a spatio-temporal gradient in the bay of Toulon (Northwestern Mediterranean coast) and its surrounding. Indeed, this geographical area displays a well-described trace metal gradient particularly relevant to investigate the effect of such pollutants on marine organisms. RESULTS Epibacterial communities of T. atomaria exhibited a high specificity whatever the five environmentally contrasted collecting sites investigated on the NW Mediterranean coast. By integrating metabarcoding and metabolomics analyses, the holobiont dynamics varied as a whole. During the occurrence period of T. atomaria, epibacterial densities and α-diversity increased while the relative proportion of core communities decreased. Pioneer bacterial colonizers constituted a large part of the specific and core taxa, and their decrease might be linked to biofilm maturation through time. Then, the temporal increase of the Roseobacter was proposed to result from the higher temperature conditions, but also the increased production of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) at the algal surface which could constitute of the source of carbon and sulfur for the catabolism pathways of these taxa. Finally, as a major result of this study, copper concentration constituted a key factor shaping the holobiont system. Thus, the higher expression of carotenoids suggested an oxidative stress which might result from an adaptation of the algal surface metabolome to high copper levels. In turn, this change in the surface metabolome composition could result in the selection of particular epibacterial taxa. CONCLUSION We showed that associated epibacterial communities were highly specific to the algal host and that the holobiont dynamics varied as a whole. While temperature increase was confirmed to be one of the main parameters associated to Taonia dynamics, the originality of this study was highlighting copper-stress as a major driver of seaweed-epibacterial interactions. In a context of global change, this study brought new insights on the dynamics of a Mediterranean algal holobiont submitted to heavy anthropic pressures. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Paix
- Université de Toulon, Laboratoire MAPIEM, EA, 4323, Toulon, France
- Present adress: Marine Biodiversity, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolas Layglon
- Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UM, 110, Toulon, France
| | - Christophe Le Poupon
- Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UM, 110, Toulon, France
| | - Sébastien D'Onofrio
- Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UM, 110, Toulon, France
| | - Benjamin Misson
- Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UM, 110, Toulon, France
| | - Cédric Garnier
- Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UM, 110, Toulon, France
| | - Gérald Culioli
- Université de Toulon, Laboratoire MAPIEM, EA, 4323, Toulon, France.
- Present address: Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), UMR CNRS-IRD-Avignon Université-Aix-Marseille Université, Avignon, France.
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8
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Peña V, Harvey BP, Agostini S, Porzio L, Milazzo M, Horta P, Le Gall L, Hall-Spencer JM. Major loss of coralline algal diversity in response to ocean acidification. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2021; 27:4785-4798. [PMID: 34268846 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Calcified coralline algae are ecologically important in rocky habitats in the marine photic zone worldwide and there is growing concern that ocean acidification will severely impact them. Laboratory studies of these algae in simulated ocean acidification conditions have revealed wide variability in growth, photosynthesis and calcification responses, making it difficult to assess their future biodiversity, abundance and contribution to ecosystem function. Here, we apply molecular systematic tools to assess the impact of natural gradients in seawater carbonate chemistry on the biodiversity of coralline algae in the Mediterranean and the NW Pacific, link this to their evolutionary history and evaluate their potential future biodiversity and abundance. We found a decrease in the taxonomic diversity of coralline algae with increasing acidification with more than half of the species lost in high pCO2 conditions. Sporolithales is the oldest order (Lower Cretaceous) and diversified when ocean chemistry favoured low Mg calcite deposition; it is less diverse today and was the most sensitive to ocean acidification. Corallinales were also reduced in cover and diversity but several species survived at high pCO2 ; it is the most recent order of coralline algae and originated when ocean chemistry favoured aragonite and high Mg calcite deposition. The sharp decline in cover and thickness of coralline algal carbonate deposits at high pCO2 highlighted their lower fitness in response to ocean acidification. Reductions in CO2 emissions are needed to limit the risk of losing coralline algal diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Peña
- BioCost Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Ben P Harvey
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Sylvain Agostini
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Lucia Porzio
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Marco Milazzo
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DiSTeM), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paulo Horta
- Laboratory of Phycology, Department of Botany, Center for Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Line Le Gall
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Jason M Hall-Spencer
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shizuoka, Japan
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
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Biagi E, Caroselli E, Barone M, Pezzimenti M, Teixido N, Soverini M, Rampelli S, Turroni S, Gambi MC, Brigidi P, Goffredo S, Candela M. Patterns in microbiome composition differ with ocean acidification in anatomic compartments of the Mediterranean coral Astroides calycularis living at CO 2 vents. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 724:138048. [PMID: 32251879 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Coral microbiomes, the complex microbial communities associated with the different anatomic compartments of the coral, provide important functions for the host's survival, such as nutrient cycling at the host's surface, prevention of pathogens colonization, and promotion of nutrient uptake. Microbiomes are generally referred to as plastic entities, able to adapt their composition and functionality in response to environmental change, with a possible impact on coral acclimatization to phenomena related to climate change, such as ocean acidification. Ocean sites characterized by natural gradients of pCO2 provide models for investigating the ability of marine organisms to acclimatize to decreasing seawater pH. Here we compared the microbiome of the temperate, shallow water, non-symbiotic solitary coral Astroides calycularis that naturally lives at a volcanic CO2 vent in Ischia Island (Naples, Italy), with that of corals living in non-acidified sites at the same island. Bacterial DNA associated with the different anatomic compartments (mucus, tissue and skeleton) of A. calycularis was differentially extracted and a total of 68 samples were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In terms of phylogenetic composition, the microbiomes associated with the different coral anatomic compartments were different from each other and from the microbial communities of the surrounding seawater. Of all the anatomic compartments, the mucus-associated microbiome differed the most between the control and acidified sites. The differences detected in the microbial communities associated to the three anatomic compartments included a general increase in subdominant bacterial groups, some of which are known to be involved in different stages of the nitrogen cycle, such as potential nitrogen fixing bacteria and bacteria able to degrade organic nitrogen. Our data therefore suggests a potential increase of nitrogen fixation and recycling in A. calycularis living close to the CO2 vent system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Biagi
- Unit of Holobiont Microbiome and Microbiome Engineering (HolobioME), Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Erik Caroselli
- Marine Science Group, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy; Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies, viale Adriatico 1/N, 61032 Fano, Pesaro Urbino, Italy
| | - Monica Barone
- Unit of Holobiont Microbiome and Microbiome Engineering (HolobioME), Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina Pezzimenti
- Marine Science Group, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Nuria Teixido
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, 181 chemin du Lazaret, F-06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France; Villa Dohrn-Benthic Ecology Center, Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80077 Ischia (Naples), Italy
| | - Matteo Soverini
- Unit of Holobiont Microbiome and Microbiome Engineering (HolobioME), Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Simone Rampelli
- Unit of Holobiont Microbiome and Microbiome Engineering (HolobioME), Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Turroni
- Unit of Holobiont Microbiome and Microbiome Engineering (HolobioME), Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Gambi
- Villa Dohrn-Benthic Ecology Center, Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80077 Ischia (Naples), Italy
| | - Patrizia Brigidi
- Unit of Holobiont Microbiome and Microbiome Engineering (HolobioME), Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Goffredo
- Marine Science Group, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy; Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies, viale Adriatico 1/N, 61032 Fano, Pesaro Urbino, Italy.
| | - Marco Candela
- Unit of Holobiont Microbiome and Microbiome Engineering (HolobioME), Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy; Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies, viale Adriatico 1/N, 61032 Fano, Pesaro Urbino, Italy.
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Characteristics and Evolutionary Analysis of Photosynthetic Gene Clusters on Extrachromosomal Replicons: from Streamlined Plasmids to Chromids. mSystems 2019; 4:4/5/e00358-19. [PMID: 31506262 PMCID: PMC6739100 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00358-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic anoxygenic photoheterotrophic bacteria (AAPB) represent a bacteriochlorophyll a-containing functional group. Substantial evidence indicates that highly conserved photosynthetic gene clusters (PGCs) of AAPB can be transferred between species, genera, and even phyla. Furthermore, analysis of recently discovered PGCs carried by extrachromosomal replicons (exPGCs) suggests that extrachromosomal replicons (ECRs) play an important role in the transfer of PGCs. In this study, 13 Roseobacter clade genomes from seven genera that harbored exPGCs were used to analyze the characteristics and evolution of PGCs. The identification of plasmid-like and chromid-like ECRs among PGC-containing ECRs revealed two different functions: the spread of PGCs among strains and the maintenance of PGCs within genomes. Phylogenetic analyses indicated two independent origins of exPGCs, corresponding to PufC-containing and PufX-containing puf operons. Furthermore, the two different types of operons were observed within different strains of the same Tateyamaria and Jannaschia genera. The PufC-containing and PufX-containing operons were also differentially carried by chromosomes and ECRs in the strains, respectively, which provided clear evidence for ECR-mediated PGC transfer. Multiple recombination events of exPGCs were also observed, wherein the majority of exPGCs were inserted by replication modules at the same genomic positions. However, the exPGCs of the Jannaschia strains comprised superoperons without evidence of insertion and therefore likely represent an initial evolutionary stage where the PGC was translocated from chromosomes to ECRs without further combinations. Finally, a scenario of PGC gain and loss is proposed that specifically focuses on ECR-mediated exPGC transfer to explain the evolution and patchy distribution of AAPB within the Roseobacter clade.IMPORTANCE The evolution of photosynthesis was a significant event during the diversification of biological life. Aerobic anoxygenic photoheterotrophic bacteria (AAPB) share physiological characteristics with chemoheterotrophs and represent an important group associated with bacteriochlorophyll-dependent phototrophy in the environment. Here, characterization and evolutionary analyses were conducted for 13 bacterial strains that contained photosynthetic gene clusters (PGCs) carried by extrachromosomal replicons (ECRs) to shed light on the evolution of chlorophototrophy in bacteria. This report advances our understanding of the importance of ECRs in the transfer of PGCs within marine photoheterotrophic bacteria.
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Schubert N, Salazar VW, Rich WA, Vivanco Bercovich M, Almeida Saá AC, Fadigas SD, Silva J, Horta PA. Rhodolith primary and carbonate production in a changing ocean: The interplay of warming and nutrients. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 676:455-468. [PMID: 31048175 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Rhodolith beds, like many other marine ecosystems, are affected by climate change that is causing an increase in the magnitude and frequency of extreme high temperature events (heat waves). Unfortunately, this does not represent the sole peril for these communities, as coastal urbanization in conjunction with altered precipitation patterns can increase terrestrial-derived nutrient input. In Brazil, rhodolith beds are among the most extensive coastal benthic ecosystems, but despite their vast distribution and great ecological and economic importance, studies on the productivity of these communities and the impact of changing environmental conditions are almost non-existent. This study addressed the individual and combined effects of increases in temperature and nutrient concentration on the physiological performance of two widely distributed rhodolith species, Lithothamnion crispatum and Melyvonnea erubescens. The results showed species-specific responses in net photosynthetic performance, with no response in L. crispatum, while M. erubescens responded negatively to both increase in temperature and nutrients. In contrast, calcification in both species showed a significant decline at high temperature. No interactive effects were found between temperature and nutrients, yet their combined negative effects were additive, resulting in negative daily-integrated net productivity and a large decline in daily carbonate production in both species. This has strong implications for rhodolith bed primary productivity and carbonate production, as heat waves may potentially cause a strong decline in carbonate production (ca. 50% loss), accompanied by a severe drop in primary productivity that will be even more pronounced under high-nutrient conditions. Also, the species-specific responses to changes in temperature and nutrient concentration suggest that the magnitude of impact of these factors on rhodolith bed productivity will depend on the species dominating the community and may finally result in changes in rhodolith community composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Schubert
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Oceanografia, Centro de Ciências Físicas e Matemáticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, Florianopolis, Brazil; Laboratório de Ficologia, Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil.
| | - V W Salazar
- Curso de Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - W A Rich
- Laboratório de Ficologia, Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - M Vivanco Bercovich
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Oceanografia, Centro de Ciências Físicas e Matemáticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, Florianopolis, Brazil; Laboratório de Ficologia, Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - A C Almeida Saá
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Oceanografia, Centro de Ciências Físicas e Matemáticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, Florianopolis, Brazil; Laboratório de Ficologia, Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - S D Fadigas
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Oceanografia, Centro de Ciências Físicas e Matemáticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, Florianopolis, Brazil; Laboratório de Ficologia, Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - J Silva
- CCMAR - Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - P A Horta
- Laboratório de Ficologia, Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
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Zweng RC, Koch MS, Bowes G. The role of irradiance and C-use strategies in tropical macroalgae photosynthetic response to ocean acidification. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9479. [PMID: 29930306 PMCID: PMC6013460 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27333-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Fleshy macroalgae may increase photosynthesis with greater CO2 availability under ocean acidification (OA) and outcompete calcifying macroalgae important for tropical reef accretion. Macroalgae use energy-dependent carbon concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) to take up HCO3-, the dominant inorganic carbon for marine photosynthesis, but carbon-use strategies may depend on the pCO2, pH and irradiance. We examined photosynthesis in eight tropical macroalgae across a range of irradiances (0-1200 μmol photon m-2 s-1), pH levels (7.5-8.5) and CO2 concentrations (3-43 μmol kg-1). Species-specific CCM strategies were assessed using inhibitors and δ13C isotope signatures. Our results indicate that the log of irradiance is a predictor of the photosynthetic response to elevated pCO2 (R2 > 0.95). All species utilized HCO3-, exhibited diverse C-use pathways and demonstrated facultative HCO3- use. All fleshy species had positive photosynthetic responses to OA, in contrast to a split amongst calcifiers. We suggest that shifts in photosynthetically-driven tropical macroalgal changes due to OA will most likely occur in moderate to high-irradiance environments when CCMs are ineffective at meeting the C-demands of photosynthesis. Further, facultative use of HCO3- allows greater access to CO2 for photosynthesis under OA conditions, particularly amongst fleshy macroalgae, which could contribute to enhance fleshy species dominance over calcifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina C Zweng
- Biological Sciences Department, Aquatic Plant Ecology Lab, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Rd, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, 618 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Marguerite S Koch
- Biological Sciences Department, Aquatic Plant Ecology Lab, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Rd, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA.
| | - George Bowes
- Department of Biology University of Florida, 220 Bartram Hall, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
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