1
|
Uchiyama H, Kudo T, Yamaguchi T, Obana N, Watanabe K, Abe K, Miyazaki H, Toyofuku M, Nomura N, Akeda Y, Nakao R. Mucosal adjuvanticity and mucosal booster effect of colibactin-depleted probiotic Escherichia coli membrane vesicles. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2337987. [PMID: 38658133 PMCID: PMC11057659 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2337987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest in development of novel vaccines against respiratory tract infections, due to COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we examined mucosal adjuvanticity and the mucosal booster effect of membrane vesicles (MVs) of a novel probiotic E. coli derivative lacking both flagella and potentially carcinogenic colibactin (ΔflhDΔclbP). ΔflhDΔclbP-derived MVs showed rather strong mucosal adjuvanticity as compared to those of a single flagellar mutant strain (ΔflhD-MVs). In addition, glycoengineered ΔflhDΔclbP-MVs displaying serotype-14 pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide (CPS14+MVs) were well-characterized based on biological and physicochemical parameters. Subcutaneous (SC) and intranasal (IN) booster effects of CPS14+MVs on systemic and mucosal immunity were evaluated in mice that have already been subcutaneously prime-immunized with the same MVs. With a two-dose regimen, an IN boost (SC-IN) elicited stronger IgA responses than homologous prime-boost immunization (SC-SC). With a three-dose regimen, serum IgG levels were comparable among all tested regimens. Homologous immunization (SC-SC-SC) elicited the highest IgM responses among all regimens tested, whereas SC-SC-SC failed to elicit IgA responses in blood and saliva. Furthermore, serum IgA and salivary SIgA levels were increased with an increased number of IN doses administrated. Notably, SC-IN-IN induced not only robust IgG response, but also the highest IgA response in both serum and saliva among the groups. The present findings suggest the potential of a heterologous three-dose administration for building both systemic and mucosal immunity, e.g. an SC-IN-IN vaccine regimen could be beneficial. Another important observation was abundant packaging of colibactin in MVs, suggesting increased applicability of ΔflhDΔclbP-MVs in the context of vaccine safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Uchiyama
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kudo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nozomu Obana
- Tsukuba Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kimihiro Abe
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Miyazaki
- Department of Oculoplastic, Orbital and Lacrimal Surgery, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Toyofuku
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Nomura
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Akeda
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoma Nakao
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Takahara M, Hirayama S, Futamata H, Nakao R, Tashiro Y. Biofilm-derived membrane vesicles exhibit potent immunomodulatory activity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Microbiol Immunol 2024; 68:224-236. [PMID: 38797913 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.13156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Pathogenic bacteria form biofilms on epithelial cells, and most bacterial biofilms show increased production of membrane vesicles (MVs), also known as outer membrane vesicles in Gram-negative bacteria. Numerous studies have investigated the MVs released under planktonic conditions; however, the impact of MVs released from biofilms on immune responses remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and immunomodulatory activity of MVs obtained from both planktonic and biofilm cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. The innate immune responses of macrophages to planktonic-derived MVs (p-MVs) and biofilm-derived MVs (b-MVs) were investigated by measuring the mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Our results showed that b-MVs induced a higher expression of inflammatory cytokines, including Il1b, Il6, and Il12p40, than p-MVs. The mRNA expression levels of Toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4) differed between the two types of MVs, but not Tlr2. Polymyxin B significantly neutralized b-MV-mediated cytokine induction, suggesting that lipopolysaccharide of native b-MVs is the origin of the immune response. In addition, heat-treated or homogenized b-MVs induced the mRNA expression of cytokines, including Tnfa, Il1b, Il6, and Il12p40. Heat treatment of MVs led to increased expression of Tlr2 but not Tlr4, suggesting that TLR2 ligands play a role in detecting the pathogen-associated molecular patterns in lysed MVs. Taken together, our data indicate that potent immunomodulatory MVs are produced in P. aeruginosa biofilms and that this behavior could be a strategy for the bacteria to infect host cells. Furthermore, our findings would contribute to developing novel vaccines using MVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minato Takahara
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Satoru Hirayama
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Futamata
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Ryoma Nakao
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Tashiro
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- JST PRESTO, Kawaguchi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Muñoz-Echeverri LM, Benavides-López S, Geiger O, Trujillo-Roldán MA, Valdez-Cruz NA. Bacterial extracellular vesicles: biotechnological perspective for enhanced productivity. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:174. [PMID: 38642254 PMCID: PMC11032300 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03963-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) are non-replicative nanostructures released by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as a survival mechanism and inter- and intraspecific communication mechanism. Due to BEVs physical, biochemical, and biofunctional characteristics, there is interest in producing and using them in developing new therapeutics, vaccines, or delivery systems. However, BEV release is typically low, limiting their application. Here, we provide a biotechnological perspective to enhance BEV production, highlighting current strategies. The strategies include the production of hypervesiculating strains through gene modification, bacteria culture under stress conditions, and artificial vesicles production. We discussed the effect of these production strategies on BEVs types, morphology, composition, and activity. Furthermore, we summarized general aspects of BEV biogenesis, functional capabilities, and applications, framing their current importance and the need to produce them in abundance. This review will expand the knowledge about the range of strategies associated with BEV bioprocesses to increase their productivity and extend their application possibilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Muñoz-Echeverri
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México AP. 70228, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad de Posgrado, Edificio D, 1° Piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán CDMX, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Santiago Benavides-López
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México AP. 70228, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad de Posgrado, Edificio B, 1° Piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán CDMX, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Otto Geiger
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad s/n, Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62210, México
| | - Mauricio A Trujillo-Roldán
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México AP. 70228, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 107 Carretera, Tijuana-Ensenada, Baja California, 22860, México
| | - Norma A Valdez-Cruz
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México AP. 70228, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México.
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 107 Carretera, Tijuana-Ensenada, Baja California, 22860, México.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sawabe T, Ojima Y, Nakagawa M, Sawada T, Tahara YO, Miyata M, Azuma M. Construction and characterization of a hypervesiculation strain of Escherichia coli Nissle 1917. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301613. [PMID: 38564580 PMCID: PMC10986995 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are produced by Gram-negative bacteria and deliver microbial molecules to distant target cells in a host. OMVs secreted by probiotic probiotic strain Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) have been reported to induce an immune response. In this study, we aimed to increase the OMV production of EcN. The double gene knockout of mlaE and nlpI was conducted in EcN because the ΔmlaEΔnlpI of experimental strain E. coli K12 showed the highest OMV production in our previous report. The ΔmlaEΔnlpI of EcN showed approximately 8 times higher OMV production compared with the parental (wild-type) strain. Quick-freeze, deep-etch replica electron microscopy revealed that plasmolysis occurred in the elongated ΔmlaEΔnlpI cells and the peptidoglycan (PG) had numerous holes. While these phenomena are similar to the findings for the ΔmlaEΔnlpI of K12, there were more PG holes in the ΔmlaEΔnlpI of EcN than the K12 strain, which were observed not only at the tip of the long axis but also in the whole PG structure. Further analysis clarified that the viability of ΔmlaEΔnlpI of EcN decreased compared with that of the wild-type. Although the amount of PG in ΔmlaEΔnlpI cells was about half of that in wild-type, the components of amino acids in PG did not change in ΔmlaEΔnlpI. Although the viability decreased compared to the wild-type, the ΔmlaEΔnlpI grew in normal culture conditions. The hypervesiculation strain constructed here is expected to be used as an enhanced probiotic strain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Sawabe
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ojima
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mao Nakagawa
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toru Sawada
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuhei O. Tahara
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makoto Miyata
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Azuma
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jeong GJ, Khan F, Tabassum N, Cho KJ, Kim YM. Bacterial extracellular vesicles: Modulation of biofilm and virulence properties. Acta Biomater 2024; 178:13-23. [PMID: 38417645 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Microbial pathogens cause persistent infections by forming biofilms and producing numerous virulence factors. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) are nanostructures produced by various bacterial species vital for molecular transport. BEVs include various components, including lipids (glycolipids, LPS, and phospholipids), nucleic acids (genomic DNA, plasmids, and short RNA), proteins (membrane proteins, enzymes, and toxins), and quorum-sensing signaling molecules. BEVs play a major role in forming extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in biofilms by transporting EPS components such as extracellular polysaccharides, proteins, and extracellular DNA. BEVs have been observed to carry various secretory virulence factors. Thus, BEVs play critical roles in cell-to-cell communication, biofilm formation, virulence, disease progression, and resistance to antimicrobial treatment. In contrast, BEVs have been shown to impede early-stage biofilm formation, disseminate mature biofilms, and reduce virulence. This review summarizes the current status in the literature regarding the composition and role of BEVs in microbial infections. Furthermore, the dual functions of BEVs in eliciting and suppressing biofilm formation and virulence in various microbial pathogens are thoroughly discussed. This review is expected to improve our understanding of the use of BEVs in determining the mechanism of biofilm development in pathogenic bacteria and in developing drugs to inhibit biofilm formation by microbial pathogens. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) are nanostructures formed by membrane blebbing and explosive cell lysis. It is essential for transporting lipids, nucleic acids, proteins, and quorum-sensing signaling molecules. BEVs play an important role in the formation of the biofilm's extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) by transporting its components, such as extracellular polysaccharides, proteins, and extracellular DNA. Furthermore, BEVs shield genetic material from nucleases and thermodegradation by packaging it during horizontal gene transfer, contributing to the transmission of bacterial adaptation determinants like antibiotic resistance. Thus, BEVs play a critical role in cell-to-cell communication, biofilm formation, virulence enhancement, disease progression, and drug resistance. In contrast, BEVs have been shown to prevent early-stage biofilm, disperse mature biofilm, and reduce virulence characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geum-Jae Jeong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Fazlurrahman Khan
- Institute of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea; Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nazia Tabassum
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea; Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Jin Cho
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea; Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mog Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea; Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu BD, Akbar R, Oliverio A, Thapa K, Wang X, Fan GC. BACTERIAL EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES IN THE REGULATION OF INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE AND HOST-MICROBE INTERACTIONS. Shock 2024; 61:175-188. [PMID: 37878470 PMCID: PMC10921997 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a new revelation in cross-kingdom communication, with increasing evidence showing the diverse roles of bacterial EVs (BEVs) in mammalian cells and host-microbe interactions. Bacterial EVs include outer membrane vesicles released by gram-negative bacteria and membrane vesicles generated from gram-positive bacteria. Recently, BEVs have drawn attention for their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic tools because they are nano-sized and can deliver bacterial cargo into host cells. Importantly, exposure to BEVs significantly affects various physiological and pathological responses in mammalian cells. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of the various effects of BEVs on host cells (i.e., immune cells, endothelial cells, and epithelial cells) and inflammatory/infectious diseases. First, the biogenesis and purification methods of BEVs are summarized. Next, the mechanisms and pathways identified by BEVs that stimulate either proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory responses are highlighted. In addition, we discuss the mechanisms by which BEVs regulate host-microbe interactions and their effects on the immune system. Finally, this review focuses on the contribution of BEVs to the pathogenesis of sepsis/septic shock and their therapeutic potential for the treatment of sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D. Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University College of Arts and Sciences, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Rubab Akbar
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Anna Oliverio
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Kajol Thapa
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Guo-Chang Fan
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Juodeikis R, Martins C, Saalbach G, Richardson J, Koev T, Baker DJ, Defernez M, Warren M, Carding SR. Differential temporal release and lipoprotein loading in B. thetaiotaomicron bacterial extracellular vesicles. J Extracell Vesicles 2024; 13:e12406. [PMID: 38240185 PMCID: PMC10797578 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) contribute to stress responses, quorum sensing, biofilm formation and interspecies and interkingdom communication. However, the factors that regulate their release and heterogeneity are not well understood. We set out to investigate these factors in the common gut commensal Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron by studying BEV release throughout their growth cycle. Utilising a range of methods, we demonstrate that vesicles released at different stages of growth have significantly different composition, with early vesicles enriched in specifically released outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) containing a larger proportion of lipoproteins, while late phase BEVs primarily contain lytic vesicles with enrichment of cytoplasmic proteins. Furthermore, we demonstrate that lipoproteins containing a negatively charged signal peptide are preferentially incorporated in OMVs. We use this observation to predict all Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron OMV enriched lipoproteins and analyse their function. Overall, our findings highlight the need to understand media composition and BEV release dynamics prior to functional characterisation and define the theoretical functional capacity of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron OMVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rokas Juodeikis
- Food, Microbiome, and Health Research ProgrammeQuadram Institute BioscienceNorwichUK
| | | | | | | | - Trey Koev
- Food, Microbiome, and Health Research ProgrammeQuadram Institute BioscienceNorwichUK
- School of PharmacyUniversity of East AngliaNorwichUK
| | - Dave J. Baker
- Food, Microbiome, and Health Research ProgrammeQuadram Institute BioscienceNorwichUK
| | - Marianne Defernez
- Food, Microbiome, and Health Research ProgrammeQuadram Institute BioscienceNorwichUK
| | - Martin Warren
- Food, Microbiome, and Health Research ProgrammeQuadram Institute BioscienceNorwichUK
- School of BiosciencesUniversity of KentCanterburyUK
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of East AngliaNorwichUK
| | - Simon R. Carding
- Food, Microbiome, and Health Research ProgrammeQuadram Institute BioscienceNorwichUK
- Norwich Medical SchoolUniversity of East AngliaNorwichUK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yasui Y, Hirayama S, Hiyoshi T, Isono T, Domon H, Maekawa T, Tabeta K, Terao Y. The Pneumococcal Protein SufC Binds to Host Plasminogen and Promotes Its Conversion into Plasmin. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2969. [PMID: 38138113 PMCID: PMC10745484 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae causes otitis media, sinusitis, and serious diseases such as pneumonia and bacteremia. However, the in vivo dynamics of S. pneumoniae infections and disease severity are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated pneumococcal proteins detected in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of an S. pneumoniae-infected mouse, which were assumed to be expressed during infection. Analysis of three proteins with unknown infection-related functions revealed that recombinant Fe-S cluster assembly ATP-binding protein (SufC) binds to the host plasminogen and promotes its conversion into plasmin. SufC was detected in the bacterial cell-surface protein fraction, but it had no extracellular secretory signal. This study suggests that S. pneumoniae releases SufC extracellularly through LytA-dependent autolysis, binding to the bacterial cell surface and host plasminogen and promoting its conversion into plasmin. The recruitment of plasmin by S. pneumoniae is considered useful for bacterial survival and spread, and SufC is suggested to facilitate this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihito Yasui
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
- Division of Periodontology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Satoru Hirayama
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Takumi Hiyoshi
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
- Division of Periodontology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Toshihito Isono
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Hisanori Domon
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Tomoki Maekawa
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
- Division of Periodontology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Koichi Tabeta
- Division of Periodontology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Yutaka Terao
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Marinacci B, Krzyżek P, Pellegrini B, Turacchio G, Grande R. Latest Update on Outer Membrane Vesicles and Their Role in Horizontal Gene Transfer: A Mini-Review. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:860. [PMID: 37999346 PMCID: PMC10673008 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13110860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical, lipid-based nano-structures, which are released by Gram-negative bacteria in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. The size and composition of OMVs depend on not only the producer bacterial species but also cells belonging to the same strain. The mechanism of vesicles' biogenesis has a key role in determining their cargo and the pattern of macromolecules exposed on their surface. Thus, the content of proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and other biomolecules defines the properties of OMVs and their beneficial or harmful effects on human health. Many studies have provided evidence that OMVs can be involved in a plethora of biological processes, including cell-to-cell communication and bacteria-host interactions. Moreover, there is a growing body of literature supporting their role in horizontal gene transfer (HGT). During this process, OMVs can facilitate the spreading of genes involved in metabolic pathways, virulence, and antibiotic resistance, guaranteeing bacterial proliferation and survival. For this reason, a deeper understanding of this new mechanism of genetic transfer could improve the development of more efficient strategies to counteract infections sustained by Gram-negative bacteria. In line with this, the main aim of this mini-review is to summarize the latest evidence concerning the involvement of OMVs in HGT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Marinacci
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (B.M.); (B.P.)
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Paweł Krzyżek
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Benedetta Pellegrini
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (B.M.); (B.P.)
| | - Gabriele Turacchio
- Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology “Gaetano Salvatore” (IEOS), National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Rossella Grande
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (B.M.); (B.P.)
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zheng C, Zhong Y, Zhang W, Wang Z, Xiao H, Zhang W, Xie J, Peng X, Luo J, Xu W. Chlorogenic Acid Ameliorates Post-Infectious Irritable Bowel Syndrome by Regulating Extracellular Vesicles of Gut Microbes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302798. [PMID: 37616338 PMCID: PMC10558682 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) occurs after acute infectious diarrhea, and dysbiosis can be involved in its pathogenesis. Here, the role of chlorogenic acid (CGA) is investigated, a natural compound with several pharmacological properties, in alleviating PI-IBS in rats. It is elucidated that the gut microbiota plays a key role in PI-IBS pathogenesis and that rectal administration of CGA alleviated PI-IBS by modulating the gut microbiota and its metabolites. CGA supplementation significantly increased fecal Bacteroides acidifaciens abundance and glycine levels. Glycine structurally altered B. acidifaciens extracellular vesicles (EVs) and enriched functional proteins in the EVs; glycine-induced EVs alleviated PI-IBS by reducing inflammation and hypersensitivity of the intestinal viscera and maintaining mucosal barrier function. Moreover, B. acidifaciens EVs are enriched in the brain tissue. Thus, CGA mediates the mitigation of PI-IBS through the gut microbiota and its metabolites. This study proposes a novel mechanism of signal exchange between the gut microenvironment and the host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cihua Zheng
- Department of General SurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Yuchun Zhong
- Department of General SurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Wenming Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Zhuoya Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Haili Xiao
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Jian Xie
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Xiaogang Peng
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of General SurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ayesha A, Chow FWN, Leung PHM. Role of Legionella pneumophila outer membrane vesicles in host-pathogen interaction. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1270123. [PMID: 37817751 PMCID: PMC10561282 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1270123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Legionella pneumophila is an opportunistic intracellular pathogen that inhabits artificial water systems and can be transmitted to human hosts by contaminated aerosols. Upon inhalation, it colonizes and grows inside the alveolar macrophages and causes Legionnaires' disease. To effectively control and manage Legionnaires' disease, a deep understanding of the host-pathogen interaction is crucial. Bacterial extracellular vesicles, particularly outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) have emerged as mediators of intercellular communication between bacteria and host cells. These OMVs carry a diverse cargo, including proteins, toxins, virulence factors, and nucleic acids. OMVs play a pivotal role in disease pathogenesis by helping bacteria in colonization, delivering virulence factors into host cells, and modulating host immune responses. This review highlights the role of OMVs in the context of host-pathogen interaction shedding light on the pathogenesis of L. pneumophila. Understanding the functions of OMVs and their cargo provides valuable insights into potential therapeutic targets and interventions for combating Legionnaires' disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Polly Hang-Mei Leung
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
YAMASAKI-YASHIKI S, SAKAMOTO Y, NISHIMURA K, SAIKA A, ITO T, KUNISAWA J, KATAKURA Y. High productivity of immunostimulatory membrane vesicles of Limosilactobacillus antri using glycine. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA, FOOD AND HEALTH 2023; 43:55-63. [PMID: 38188665 PMCID: PMC10767322 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.2023-029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Nanosized membrane vesicles (MVs) released by bacteria play important roles in both bacteria-bacteria and bacteria-host interactions. Some gram-positive lactic acid bacteria produce MVs exhibiting immunoregulatory activity in the host. We found that both bacterial cells and MVs of Limosilactobacillus antri JCM 15950, isolated from the human stomach mucosa, enhance immunoglobulin A production by murine Peyer's patch cells. However, the thick cell walls of gram-positive bacteria resulted in low MV production, limiting experiments and applications using MVs. In this study, we evaluated the effects of glycine, which inhibits cell wall synthesis, on the immunostimulatory MV productivity of L. antri. Glycine inhibited bacterial growth while increasing MV production, with 20 g/L glycine increasing MV production approximately 12-fold. Glycine was most effective at increasing MV production when added in the early exponential phase, which indicated that cell division in the presence of glycine increased MV production. Finally, glycine increased MV productivity approximately 16-fold. Furthermore, glycine-induced MVs promoted interleukin-6 production by macrophage-like J774.1 cells, and the immunostimulatory activity was comparable to that of spontaneously produced MVs. Our results indicate that glycine is an effective agent for improving the production of MVs with immunostimulatory activity in gram-positive lactic acid bacteria, which can be applied as mucosal adjuvants and functional foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shino YAMASAKI-YASHIKI
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of
Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita-shi,
Osaka 564-8680, Japan
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut
Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National
Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi,
Ibaraki-shi, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Yu SAKAMOTO
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of
Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita-shi,
Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| | - Keiko NISHIMURA
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of
Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita-shi,
Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| | - Azusa SAIKA
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut
Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National
Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi,
Ibaraki-shi, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Takeshi ITO
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering
Science, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita-shi, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| | - Jun KUNISAWA
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut
Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National
Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi,
Ibaraki-shi, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Yoshio KATAKURA
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of
Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita-shi,
Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mozaheb N, Rasouli P, Kaur M, Van Der Smissen P, Larrouy-Maumus G, Mingeot-Leclercq MP. A Mildly Acidic Environment Alters Pseudomonas aeruginosa Virulence and Causes Remodeling of the Bacterial Surface. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0483222. [PMID: 37278652 PMCID: PMC10433952 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04832-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a versatile pathogen that resists environmental stress, such as suboptimal pH. As a result of exposure to environmental stress, P. aeruginosa shows an altered virulence-related phenotype. This study investigated the modifications that P. aeruginosa undertakes at a mildly low pH (pH 5.0) compared with the bacteria grown in a neutral medium (pH 7.2). Results indicated that in a mildly acidic environment, expression of two-component system genes (phoP/phoQ and pmrA/pmrB), lipid A remodeling genes such as arnT and pagP and virulence genes, i.e., pqsE and rhlA, were induced. Moreover, lipid A of the bacteria grown at a mildly low pH is modified by adding 4-amino-arabinose (l-Ara4N). Additionally, the production of virulence factors such as rhamnolipid, alginate, and membrane vesicles is significantly higher in a mildly low-pH environment than in a neutral medium. Interestingly, at a mildly low pH, P. aeruginosa produces a thicker biofilm with higher biofilm biomass. Furthermore, studies on inner membrane viscosity and permeability showed that a mildly low pH causes a decrease in the inner membrane permeability and increases its viscosity. Besides, despite the importance of PhoP, PhoQ, PmrA, and PmrB in Gram-negative bacteria for responding to low pH stress, we observed that the absence of each of these two-component systems does not meaningfully impact the remodeling of the P. aeruginosa envelope. Given that P. aeruginosa is likely to encounter mildly acidic environments during infection in its host, the alterations that the bacterium undertakes under such conditions must be considered in designing antibacterial strategies against P. aeruginosa. IMPORTANCE P. aeruginosa encounters environments with acidic pH when establishing infections in hosts. The bacterium develops an altered phenotype to tolerate a moderate decrease in the environmental pH. At the level of the bacterial envelope, modified lipid A composition and a reduction of the bacterial inner membrane permeability and fluidity are among the changes P. aeruginosa undergoes at a mildly low pH. Also, the bacterium is more likely to form biofilm in a mildly acidic environment. Overall, these alterations in the P. aeruginosa phenotype put obstacles in the way of antibacterial activities. Thus, considering physiological changes in the bacterium at low pH helps design and implement antimicrobial approaches against this hostile microorganism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Negar Mozaheb
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Cellular & Molecular Pharmacology Unit (FACM), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Paria Rasouli
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Cellular & Molecular Pharmacology Unit (FACM), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Cellular & Molecular Pharmacology Unit (FACM), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrick Van Der Smissen
- Université catholique de Louvain, de Duve Institute, CELL Unit and PICT Platform, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gerald Larrouy-Maumus
- Imperial College London, Department of Life Sciences, MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Faculty of Natural Science, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marie-Paule Mingeot-Leclercq
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Cellular & Molecular Pharmacology Unit (FACM), Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nakao R, Hirayama S, Yamaguchi T, Senpuku H, Hasegawa H, Suzuki T, Akeda Y, Ohnishi M. A bivalent outer membrane vesicle-based intranasal vaccine to prevent infection of periodontopathic bacteria. Vaccine 2023; 41:4369-4383. [PMID: 37302966 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Periodontal disease has become a serious public health problem, not only causing tooth loss, but also inducing chronic disorders of extra-oral organs. The present study assessed an intranasal vaccine strategy to prevent periodontal disease using outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of two major periodontopathic bacteria, Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa). We compared the morphology, composition, and immune activity between OMVs of Pg strain ATCC 33277 and Aa strain Y4. Aa OMVs had a smoother surface and stronger lipid A activity compared to Pg OMVs. The in vitro immune activity elicited by Aa OMVs in macrophage-like cells was remarkably stronger than that of Pg OMVs. Intranasal immunization of mice with Aa OMVs alone resulted in robust, humoral immune responses in blood and saliva. Despites the intrinsically low mucosal immunogenicity of Pg OMVs alone, using Aa OMVs as a mucosal adjuvant strongly enhanced Pg-specific immune responses, resulting in both serum IgG and salivary IgA, both of which aggregated Pg and Aa cells. Furthermore, Aa OMVs were found to be a more potent mucosal adjuvant than Poly(I:C) in the context of enhancing the production of Pg-specific IgG (especially IgG2a) and IgA. In addition, in a randomized, blinded study, mice oral challenged with Pg and Aa after intranasal immunization with Pg OMVs and Aa OMVs had significantly decreased numbers of both microorganisms compared to mock-immunized mice. Furthermore, in an intracerebral injection mouse model, there were no serious adverse effects on the brain even after administrating a dose of OMVs as same as that used for intranasal administration. Taken together, the bivalent OMV intranasal vaccine may be effective in preventing colonization of periodontopathic bacteria in the oral cavity and related systemic disorders associated with periodontal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoma Nakao
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.
| | - Satoru Hirayama
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Takehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Hidenobu Senpuku
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Nihon University, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Hideki Hasegawa
- Department of Influenza Virus Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Tadaki Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Akeda
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Makoto Ohnishi
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Taitz JJ, Tan JK, Potier-Villette C, Ni D, King NJ, Nanan R, Macia L. Diet, commensal microbiota-derived extracellular vesicles, and host immunity. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2250163. [PMID: 37137164 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota has co-evolved with its host, and commensal bacteria can influence both the host's immune development and function. Recently, a role has emerged for bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) as potent immune modulators. BEVs are nanosized membrane vesicles produced by all bacteria, possessing the membrane characteristics of the originating bacterium and carrying an internal cargo that may include nucleic acid, proteins, lipids, and metabolites. Thus, BEVs possess multiple avenues for regulating immune processes, and have been implicated in allergic, autoimmune, and metabolic diseases. BEVs are biodistributed locally in the gut, and also systemically, and thus have the potential to affect both the local and systemic immune responses. The production of gut microbiota-derived BEVs is regulated by host factors such as diet and antibiotic usage. Specifically, all aspects of nutrition, including macronutrients (protein, carbohydrates, and fat), micronutrients (vitamins and minerals), and food additives (the antimicrobial sodium benzoate), can regulate BEV production. This review summarizes current knowledge of the powerful links between nutrition, antibiotics, gut microbiota-derived BEV, and their effects on immunity and disease development. It highlights the potential of targeting or utilizing gut microbiota-derived BEV as a therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jemma J Taitz
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jian K Tan
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Camille Potier-Villette
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Duan Ni
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas Jc King
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ralph Nanan
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Nepean Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Laurence Macia
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Cytometry, University of Sydney and Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hirayama S, Hiyoshi T, Yasui Y, Domon H, Terao Y. C-Terminal Lysine Residue of Pneumococcal Triosephosphate Isomerase Contributes to Its Binding to Host Plasminogen. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1198. [PMID: 37317172 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The main causative agent of pneumonia, Streptococcus pneumoniae, is also responsible for invasive diseases. S. pneumoniae recruits human plasminogen for the invasion and colonization of host tissues. We previously discovered that S. pneumoniae triosephosphate isomerase (TpiA), an enzyme involved in intracellular metabolism that is essential for survival, is released extracellularly to bind human plasminogen and facilitate its activation. Epsilon-aminocaproic acid, a lysine analogue, inhibits this binding, suggesting that the lysine residues in TpiA are involved in plasminogen binding. In this study, we generated site-directed mutant recombinants in which the lysine residue in TpiA was replaced with alanine and analyzed their binding activities to human plasminogen. Results from blot analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and surface plasmon resonance assay revealed that the lysine residue at the C-terminus of TpiA is primarily involved in binding to human plasminogen. Furthermore, we found that TpiA binding to plasminogen through its C-terminal lysine residue was required for the promotion of plasmin activation by activating factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Hirayama
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Takumi Hiyoshi
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
- Division of Periodontology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Yasui
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
- Division of Periodontology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Hisanori Domon
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Yutaka Terao
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Krzyżek P, Marinacci B, Vitale I, Grande R. Extracellular Vesicles of Probiotics: Shedding Light on the Biological Activity and Future Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:522. [PMID: 36839844 PMCID: PMC9967243 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
For many decades, the proper functioning of the human body has become a leading scientific topic. In the course of numerous experiments, a striking impact of probiotics on the human body has been documented, including maintaining the physiological balance of endogenous microorganisms, regulating the functioning of the immune system, enhancing the digestive properties of the host, and preventing or alleviating the course of many diseases. Recent research, especially from the last decade, shows that this health-benefiting activity of probiotics is largely conditioned by the production of extracellular vesicles. Although the importance of extracellular vesicles in the virulence of many live-threatening pathogens is widely described in the literature, much less is known with respect to the health-promoting effect of extracellular vesicles secreted by non-pathogenic microorganisms, including probiotics. Based on this, in the current review article, we decided to collect the latest literature data on the health-inducing properties of extracellular vesicles secreted by probiotics. The characteristics of probiotics' extracellular vesicles will be extended by the description of their physicochemical properties and the proteome in connection with the biological activities exhibited by these structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Krzyżek
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Beatrice Marinacci
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “Gabriele d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Irene Vitale
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Rossella Grande
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ting WW, Ng IS. Effective 5-aminolevulinic acid production via T7 RNA polymerase and RuBisCO equipped Escherichia coli W3110. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:583-592. [PMID: 36302745 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Chromosome-based engineering is a superior approach for gene integration generating a stable and robust chassis. Therefore, an effective amplifier, T7 RNA polymerase (T7RNAP) from bacteriophage, has been incorporated into Escherichia coli W3110 by site-specific integration. Herein, we performed the 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) production in four T7RNAP-equipped W3110 strains using recombinant 5-aminolevulinic synthase and further explored the metabolic difference in best strain. The fastest glucose consumption resulted in the highest biomass and the 5-ALA production reached to 5.5 g/L; thus, the least by-product of acetate was shown in RH strain in which T7RNAP was inserted at HK022 phage attack site. Overexpression of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) carboxylase would pull PEP to oxaloacetic acid in tricarboxylic acid cycle, leading to energy conservation and even no acetate production, thus, 6.53 g/L of 5-ALA was achieved. Amino acid utilization in RH deciphered the major metabolic flux in α-ketoglutaric acid dominating 5-ALA production. Finally, the ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) and phosphoribulokinase were expressed for carbon dioxide recycling; a robust and efficient chassis toward low-carbon assimilation and high-level of 5-ALA production up to 11.2 g/L in fed-batch fermentation was established.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Wen Ting
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - I-Son Ng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu Y, Chen J, Raj K, Baerg L, Nathan N, Philpott DJ, Mahadevan R. A Universal Strategy to Promote Secretion of G+/G- Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles and Its Application in Host Innate Immune Responses. ACS Synth Biol 2023; 12:319-328. [PMID: 36592614 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.2c00583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria release nanosized extracellular vesicles called membrane vesicles (MVs, 20-400 nm), which have great potential in various biomedical applications due to their abilities to deliver effector molecules and induce therapeutic responses. To fully utilize bacterial MVs for therapeutic purposes, regulated and enhanced production of MVs would be highly advantageous. In this study, we developed a universal method to enhance MV yields in both G+/G- bacteria through an autonomous controlled peptidoglycan hydrolase (PGase) expression system. A significant increase (9.37-fold) of MV concentration was observed in engineered E. coli Nissle 1917 compared to the wild-type. With the help of this autonomous system, for the first time we experimentally confirmed horizontal gene transfer and nutrient acquisition in a cocultured bacterial consortium. Furthermore, the engineered probiotic E. coli strains with high yield of MVs showed higher activation of the innate immune responses in human embryonic kidney 293T (HEK293T) and human colorectal carcinoma cells (HCT116), thereby demonstrating the great potential of engineering probiotics in immunology and further living therapeutics in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilan Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Jinjin Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Kaushik Raj
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Lauren Baerg
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Nayanan Nathan
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Dana J Philpott
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Radhakrishnan Mahadevan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wo J, Lv ZY, Sun JN, Tang H, Qi N, Ye BC. Engineering probiotic-derived outer membrane vesicles as functional vaccine carriers to enhance immunity against SARS-CoV-2. iScience 2022; 26:105772. [PMID: 36510593 PMCID: PMC9729586 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of the continued emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, there has been considerable interest in how to display multivalent antigens efficiently. Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) can serve as an attractive vaccine delivery system because of their self-adjuvant properties and the ability to be decorated with antigens. Here we set up a bivalent antigen display platform based on engineered OMVs using mCherry and GFP and demonstrated that two different antigens of SARS-CoV-2 could be presented simultaneously in the lumen and on the surface of OMVs. Comparing immunogenicity, ClyA-NG06 fusion and the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein in the OMV lumen elicited a stronger humoral response in mice than OMVs presenting either the ClyA-NG06 fusion or RBD alone. Taken together, we provided an efficient approach to display SARS-CoV-2 antigens in the lumen and on the surface of the same OMV and highlighted the potential of OMVs as general multi-antigen carriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wo
- Institute of Engineering Biology and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014 Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhao-Yong Lv
- Institute of Engineering Biology and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014 Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia-Nan Sun
- Institute of Engineering Biology and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014 Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Institute of Engineering Biology and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014 Zhejiang, China
| | - Nan Qi
- Institute of Engineering Biology and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014 Zhejiang, China
| | - Bang-Ce Ye
- Institute of Engineering Biology and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014 Zhejiang, China,Lab of Biosystem and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China,Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Nakao R, Kobayashi H, Iwabuchi Y, Kawahara K, Hirayama S, Ramstedt M, Sasaki Y, Kataoka M, Akeda Y, Ohnishi M. A highly immunogenic vaccine platform against encapsulated pathogens using chimeric probiotic Escherichia coli membrane vesicles. NPJ Vaccines 2022; 7:153. [PMID: 36435869 PMCID: PMC9701205 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-022-00572-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines against infectious diseases should elicit potent and long-lasting immunity, ideally even in those with age-related decline in immune response. Here we report a rational polysaccharide vaccine platform using probiotic Escherichia coli-derived membrane vesicles (MVs). First, we constructed a probiotic E. coli clone harboring the genetic locus responsible for biogenesis of serotype 14 pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides (CPS14) as a model antigen. CPS14 was found to be polymerized and mainly localized on the outer membrane of the E. coli cells. The glycine-induced MVs displayed the exogenous CPS14 at high density on the outermost surface, on which the CPS14 moiety was covalently tethered to a lipid A-core oligosaccharide anchor. In in vivo immunization experiments, CPS14+MVs, but not a mixture of free CPS14 and empty MVs, strongly elicited IgG class-switch recombination with a Th1/Th2-balanced IgG subclass distribution without any adjuvant. In addition, CPS14+MVs were structurally stable with heat treatment and immunization with the heat-treated MVs-elicited CPS14-specific antibody responses in mouse serum to levels comparable to those of non-treated CPS14+MVs. Notably, the immunogenicity of CPS14+MVs was significantly stronger than those of two currently licensed vaccines against pneumococci. The CPS14+MV-elicited humoral immune responses persisted for 1 year in both blood and lung. Furthermore, the CPS14+MV vaccine was widely efficacious in mice of different ages. Even in aged mice, vaccination resulted in robust production of CPS14-specific IgG that bound to the pneumococcal cell surface. Taken together, the present probiotic E. coli MVs-based vaccine platform offers a promising, generalizable solution against encapsulated pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoma Nakao
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan.
| | - Hirotaka Kobayashi
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Yusuke Iwabuchi
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry/Special Needs Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kawahara
- College of Science and Engineering, Kanto Gakuin University, 1-50-1, Mutsuura-higashi, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-8501, Japan
| | - Satoru Hirayama
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan.,Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274, Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Madeleine Ramstedt
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Yuki Sasaki
- Nanostructures Research Laboratory, Japan Fine Ceramics Center, 2-4-1 Mutsuno, Atsuta-ku, Nagoya, 456-8587, Japan
| | - Michiyo Kataoka
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Akeda
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Makoto Ohnishi
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Contribution of Membrane Vesicle to Reprogramming of Bacterial Membrane Fluidity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. mSphere 2022; 7:e0018722. [PMID: 35603537 PMCID: PMC9241526 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00187-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen capable of resisting environmental insults by applying various strategies, including regulating membrane fluidity and producing membrane vesicles (MVs). This study examined the difference in membrane fluidity between planktonic and biofilm modes of growth in P. aeruginosa and whether the ability to alter membrane rigidity in P. aeruginosa could be transferred via MVs. To this end, planktonic and biofilm P. aeruginosa were compared with respect to the lipid composition of their membranes and their MVs and the expression of genes contributing to alteration of membrane fluidity. Additionally, viscosity maps of the bacterial membrane in planktonic and biofilm lifestyles and under the effect of incubation with bacterial MVs were obtained. Further, the growth rate and biofilm formation capability of P. aeruginosa in the presence of MVs were compared. Results showed that the membrane of the biofilm bacteria is significantly less fluid than the membrane of the planktonic bacteria and is enriched with saturated fatty acids. Moreover, the enzymes involved in altering the structure of existing lipids and favoring membrane rigidification are overexpressed in the biofilm bacteria. MVs of biofilm P. aeruginosa elicit membrane rigidification and delay the bacterial growth in the planktonic lifestyle; conversely, they enhance biofilm development in P. aeruginosa. Overall, the study describes the interplay between the planktonic and biofilm bacteria by shedding light on the role of MVs in altering membrane fluidity. IMPORTANCE Membrane rigidification is a survival strategy in Pseudomonas aeruginosa exposed to stress. Despite various studies dedicated to the mechanism behind this phenomenon, not much attention has been paid to the contribution of the bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) in this regard. This study revealed that P. aeruginosa rigidifies its membrane in the biofilm mode of growth. Additionally, the capability of decreasing membrane fluidity is transferable to the bacterial population via the bacterial MVs, resulting in reprogramming of bacterial membrane fluidity. Given the importance of membrane rigidification for decreasing the pathogen’s susceptibility to antimicrobials, elucidation of the conditions leading to such biophysicochemical modulation of the P. aeruginosa membrane should be considered for the purpose of developing therapeutic approaches against this resistant pathogen.
Collapse
|
23
|
Hirayama S, Domon H, Hiyoshi T, Isono T, Tamura H, Sasagawa K, Takizawa F, Terao Y. Triosephosphate isomerase of Streptococcus pneumoniae is released extracellularly by autolysis and binds to host plasminogen to promote its activation. FEBS Open Bio 2022; 12:1206-1219. [PMID: 35298875 PMCID: PMC9157410 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recruitment of plasminogen is an important infection strategy of the human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae to invade host tissues. In Streptococcus aureus, triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) has been reported to bind plasminogen. In this study, the TPI of S. pneumoniae (TpiA) was identified through proteomic analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from a murine pneumococcal pneumonia model. The binding kinetics of recombinant pneumococcal TpiA with plasminogen were characterized using surface plasmon resonance (SPR, Biacore), ligand blot analyses, and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Enhanced plasminogen activation and subsequent degradation by plasmin were also shown. Release of TpiA into the culture medium was observed to be dependent on autolysin. These findings suggest that S. pneumoniae releases TpiA via autolysis, which then binds to plasminogen and promotes its activation, thereby contributing to tissue invasion via degradation of the extracellular matrix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Hirayama
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hisanori Domon
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.,Center for Advanced Oral Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takumi Hiyoshi
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.,Center for Advanced Oral Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.,Division of Periodontology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshihito Isono
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hikaru Tamura
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.,Division of Periodontology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Karin Sasagawa
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.,Division of Periodontology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Fumio Takizawa
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.,Division of Periodontology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yutaka Terao
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.,Center for Advanced Oral Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Koh S, Sato M, Yamashina K, Usukura Y, Toyofuku M, Nomura N, Taguchi S. Controllable secretion of multilayer vesicles driven by microbial polymer accumulation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3393. [PMID: 35233015 PMCID: PMC8888611 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07218-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane vesicles (MVs) are formed in various microorganisms triggered by physiological and environmental phenomena. In this study, we have discovered that the biogenesis of MV took place in the recombinant cell of Escherichia coli BW25113 strain that intracellularly accumulates microbial polyester, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB). This discovery was achieved as a trigger of foam formation during the microbial PHB fermentation. The purified MVs were existed as a mixture of outer MVs and outer/inner MVs, revealed by transmission electron microscopy. It should be noted that there was a good correlation between MV formation and PHB production level that can be finely controlled by varying glucose concentrations, suggesting the causal relationship in both supramolecules artificially produced in the microbial platform. Notably, the controllable secretion of MV was governed spatiotemporally through the morphological change of the E. coli cells caused by the PHB intracellular accumulation. Based on a hypothesis of PHB internal-pressure dependent envelope-disorder induced MV biogenesis, here we propose a new Polymer Intracellular Accumulation-triggered system for MV Production (designated "PIA-MVP") with presenting a mechanistic model for MV biogenesis. The PIA-MVP is a promising microbial platform that will provides us with a significance for further study focusing on biopolymer capsulation and cross-membrane transportation for different application purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sangho Koh
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan.,Department of Chemistry for Life Sciences and Agriculture, Faculty of Life Sciences and Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Michio Sato
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama, Kawasaki, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Kota Yamashina
- Department of Chemistry for Life Sciences and Agriculture, Faculty of Life Sciences and Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Yuki Usukura
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Masanori Toyofuku
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan.,Suntory Rising Stars Encouragement Program in Life Sciences (SunRiSE), 8-1-1 Seikadai, Soraku, Kyoto, 619-0284, Japan.,Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Nomura
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan.,Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Seiichi Taguchi
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan. .,Department of Chemistry for Life Sciences and Agriculture, Faculty of Life Sciences and Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Thomas SC, Kim JW, Pauletti GM, Hassett DJ, Kotagiri N. Exosomes: Biological Pharmaceutical Nanovectors for Theranostics. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:808614. [PMID: 35096795 PMCID: PMC8790084 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.808614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are natural cell-derived nanovesicles of endocytic origin that enable cellular crosstalk by transferring encapsulated molecular cargos across biological barriers, thereby holding significantly complex implications in the etiology and progression of diverse disease states. Consequently, the development of exosomes-based nano-theranostic strategies has received immense consideration for advancing therapeutic interventions and disease prognosis. Their favorable biopharmaceutical properties make exosomes a unique nanoparticulate carrier for pharmaceutical drug delivery. This review provides an update on the contemporary strategies utilizing exosomes for theranostic applications in nanomedicine. In addition, we provide a synopsis of exosomal features and insights into strategic modifications that control in vivo biodistribution. We further discuss their opportunities, merits and pitfalls for cell/tissue targeted drug delivery in personalized nanotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shindu C Thomas
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Jin-Woo Kim
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Giovanni M Pauletti
- St. Louis College of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Daniel J Hassett
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Nalinikanth Kotagiri
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Yu TH, Tan SI, Yi YC, Xue C, Ting WW, Chang JJ, Ng IS. New insight into the codon usage and medium optimization toward stable and high-level 5-aminolevulinic acid production in Escherichia coli. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
27
|
Aktar S, Okamoto Y, Ueno S, Tahara YO, Imaizumi M, Shintani M, Miyata M, Futamata H, Nojiri H, Tashiro Y. Incorporation of Plasmid DNA Into Bacterial Membrane Vesicles by Peptidoglycan Defects in Escherichia coli. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:747606. [PMID: 34912309 PMCID: PMC8667616 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.747606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane vesicles (MVs) are released by various prokaryotes and play a role in the delivery of various cell-cell interaction factors. Recent studies have determined that these vesicles are capable of functioning as mediators of horizontal gene transfer. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are a type of MV that is released by Gram-negative bacteria and primarily composed of outer membrane and periplasm components; however, it remains largely unknown why DNA is contained within OMVs. Our study aimed to understand the mechanism by which DNA that is localized in the cytoplasm is incorporated into OMVs in Gram-negative bacteria. We compared DNA associated with OMVs using Escherichia coli BW25113 cells harboring the non-conjugative, non-mobilized, and high-copy plasmid pUC19 and its hypervesiculating mutants that included ΔnlpI, ΔrseA, and ΔtolA. Plasmid copy per vesicle was increased in OMVs derived from ΔnlpI, in which peptidoglycan (PG) breakdown and synthesis are altered. When supplemented with 1% glycine to inhibit PG synthesis, both OMV formation and plasmid copy per vesicle were increased in the wild type. The bacterial membrane condition test indicated that membrane permeability was increased in the presence of glycine at the late exponential phase, in which cell lysis did not occur. Additionally, quick-freeze deep-etch and replica electron microscopy observations revealed that outer-inner membrane vesicles (O-IMVs) are formed in the presence of glycine. Thus, two proposed routes for DNA incorporation into OMVs under PG-damaged conditions are suggested. These routes include DNA leakage due to increased membrane permeation and O-IMV formation. Additionally, our findings contribute to a greater understanding of the vesicle-mediated horizontal gene transfer that occurs in nature and the utilization of MVs for DNA cargo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharmin Aktar
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yuhi Okamoto
- Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - So Ueno
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yuhei O Tahara
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan.,The OCU Advanced Research Institute for Natural Science and Technology (OCARINA), Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Masaki Shintani
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Makoto Miyata
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan.,The OCU Advanced Research Institute for Natural Science and Technology (OCARINA), Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Futamata
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hideaki Nojiri
- Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Tashiro
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan.,JST PRESTO, Kawaguchi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Glycine Induction Method: Effective Production of Immunoactive Bacterial Membrane Vesicles with Low Endotoxin Content. Methods Mol Biol 2021. [PMID: 34784040 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1900-1_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Bacteria are known to release nanometer scale proteoliposomes termed bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs), and it is considered that native and bioengineered MVs would be applicable for development of acellular vaccines and novel drug delivery systems in medical settings. However, important considerations for manufacturing purposes include the varied productivity of MV among bacterial species and strains, as well as endotoxicity levels due to the lipopolysaccharide component. The method for MV induction using glycine described here is simple and provides a solution to these problems. Glycine weakens bacterial peptidoglycans and significantly increases bacterial MV formation, while the relative endotoxin activity of glycine-induced MVs is extremely reduced as compared to that of noninduced MVs. Nevertheless, glycine-induced MVs elicit strong immune responses at levels nearly equivalent to those of noninduced MVs. Taken together, the present method for induction by glycine is convenient for research studies of bacterial MVs and has potential for use in medical applications including vaccine development.
Collapse
|
29
|
Huang Y, Nieh MP, Chen W, Lei Y. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) enabled bio-applications: A critical review. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 119:34-47. [PMID: 34698385 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are nanoscale spherical vesicles released from Gram-negative bacteria. The lipid bilayer membrane structure of OMVs consists of similar components as bacterial membrane and thus has attracted more and more attention in exploiting OMVs' bio-applications. Although the endotoxic lipopolysaccharide on natural OMVs may impose potential limits on their clinical applications, genetic modification can reduce their endotoxicity and decorate OMVs with multiple functional proteins. These genetically engineered OMVs have been employed in various fields including vaccination, drug delivery, cancer therapy, bioimaging, biosensing, and enzyme carrier. This review will first briefly introduce the background of OMVs followed by recent advances in functionalization and various applications of engineered OMVs with an emphasis on the working principles and their performance, and then discuss about the future trends of OMVs in biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yikun Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mu-Ping Nieh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Wilfred Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Yu Lei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mozaheb N, Mingeot-Leclercq MP. Membrane Vesicle Production as a Bacterial Defense Against Stress. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:600221. [PMID: 33362747 PMCID: PMC7755613 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.600221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane vesicles are the nano-sized vesicles originating from membranes. The production of membrane vesicles is a common feature among bacteria. Depending on the bacterial growth phase and environmental conditions, membrane vesicles show diverse characteristics. Various physiological and ecological roles have been attributed to membrane vesicles under both homeostatic and stressful conditions. Pathogens encounter several stressors during colonization in the hostile environment of host tissues. Nutrient deficiency, the presence of antibiotics as well as elements of the host’s immune system are examples of stressors threatening pathogens inside their host. To combat stressors and survive, pathogens have established various defensive mechanisms, one of them is production of membrane vesicles. Pathogens produce membrane vesicles to alleviate the destructive effects of antibiotics or other types of antibacterial treatments. Additionally, membrane vesicles can also provide benefits for the wider bacterial community during infections, through the transfer of resistance or virulence factors. Hence, given that membrane vesicle production may affect the activities of antibacterial agents, their production should be considered when administering antibacterial treatments. Besides, regarding that membrane vesicles play vital roles in bacteria, disrupting their production may suggest an alternative strategy for battling against pathogens. Here, we aim to review the stressors encountered by pathogens and shed light on the roles of membrane vesicles in increasing pathogen adaptabilities in the presence of stress-inducing factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Negar Mozaheb
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Cellular & Molecular Pharmacology Unit (FACM), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie-Paule Mingeot-Leclercq
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Cellular & Molecular Pharmacology Unit (FACM), Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhuang Q, Xu J, Deng D, Chao T, Li J, Zhang R, Peng R, Liu Z. Bacteria-derived membrane vesicles to advance targeted photothermal tumor ablation. Biomaterials 2020; 268:120550. [PMID: 33278684 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) secreted by Gram-negative bacteria are often applied in antibacterial treatment as adjuvants or antigens. Recently, OMVs have also been tested in a few anti-tumor treatment studies, in which OMVs are injected multiple times to achieve certain therapeutic effects, showing risks in repeated cytokine storms. Herein, we propose the use a single low dose of OMVs combined with photothermal therapy (PTT) for effective cancer treatment. It was found that single i. v. injection of OMVs could activate the immune system by boosting the secretion levels of anti-tumor related cytokines. In addition, single i. v. injection of OMVs could also lead to extravasation of red blood cells in the tumor mainly owing to the effect of lipopolysaccharide on the OMVs. Such effect was not observed in other normal organs. As the results, the tumors on OMV-treated mice showed obviously darkened color with greatly increased intratumoral optical absorbance in the near-infrared (NIR) region, further enabling effective photothermal ablation of those tumors by the NIR laser. Without causing obvious adverse responses, bacteria-derived OMVs may be a new type of therapeutic agent for cancer treatment with multiple functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhuang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Dashi Deng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Ting Chao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Junyan Li
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Rui Peng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
| | - Zhuang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
| |
Collapse
|