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Chen SY, Chiang IC, Chen YY, Hsu YH, Yen GC. Recent advances in the potential of Phyllanthus emblica L. and its related foods for combating metabolic diseases through methylglyoxal trapping. Food Res Int 2024; 194:114907. [PMID: 39232532 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG) serves as the primary precursor for the nonenzymatic glycation of proteins and DNA, leading to advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Regular intake of dietary MG is strongly correlated with low-grade inflammation, potentially accelerating the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, cancers, liver diseases, Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular diseases, aging, and bone loss. Although pharmaceutical agents (pimagedine and candesartan) have been developed to inhibit MG formation, they often come with serious side effects (nausea, diarrhea, headache, gastrointestinal disturbance, symptomatic hypotension, abnormal renal and liver function tests, development of antinuclear antibody, pernicious-like anemia, and hyperkalemia), highlighting the need for an efficient and safe approach to scavenging MG. Phyllanthus emblica Linn fruit, a nutritious edible fruit, and medicinal plant contains over 300 bioactive compounds. Among twenty-three herbals, 100 μg/mL of the aqueous extract of Phyllanthus emblica fruit (APF) exhibits the highest potency in trapping MG, achieving an 87.3 % reduction under d-fructose induced BSA-AGEs formation. However, there are few reports detailing APF and its related foods' specific impact on disease prevention through MG trapping. This review summarizes the mechanisms through which MG is linked to the development of metabolic diseases and provides several strategies for reducing MG levels using APF and its bioactive compounds. The potential antiglycation properties of APF may offer new applications in the food industry and pharmacological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yi Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - I-Chen Chiang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ying Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsu
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Gow-Chin Yen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; Advanced Plant and Food Crop Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
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Wang Y, Zou J, Zhou H. N6-methyladenine RNA methylation epigenetic modification and diabetic microvascular complications. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1462146. [PMID: 39296713 PMCID: PMC11408340 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1462146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladensine (m6A) has been identified as the best-characterized and the most abundant mRNA modification in eukaryotes. It can be dynamically regulated, removed, and recognized by its specific cellular components (respectively called "writers," "erasers," "readers") and have become a hot research field in a variety of biological processes and diseases. Currently, the underlying molecular mechanisms of m6A epigenetic modification in diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic microvascular complications have not been extensively clarified. In this review, we focus on the effects and possible mechanisms of m6A as possible potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the treatment of DM and diabetic microvascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiayun Zou
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Wei X, Sun Z, Wang N, Deng Z, Li W, Ying T, Wu M, Liu Y, He G. Immunometabolic profiling related with gestational diabetes mellitus: a nested case-control study of CD4 + T cell phenotypes and glycemic traits. Acta Diabetol 2024:10.1007/s00592-024-02338-6. [PMID: 39147954 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02338-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate immunometabolic associations of CD4+ T cell phenotypes with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS A nested case-control study was conducted comprising 53 pairs of GDM patients and matched controls within a prospective cohort. Metabolomic signatures related to both CD4+ T cell phenotypes and glycemic traits among pregnant women were investigated by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Multivariable-adjusted generalized linear models were used to explore the associations of CD4+ T cell phenotypes and selected metabolites with GDM. Mediation analysis was conducted to evaluate the mediating effect of selected metabolites on the relationship between CD4+ T cell phenotypes and glycemic traits. RESULTS Higher levels of Treg cells (OR per SD increment (95%CI): 0.57 (0.34, 0.95), p = 0.031) and increased expression of Foxp3 (OR per SD increment (95%CI): 0.59 (0.35, 0.97), p = 0.039) and GATA3 (OR per SD increment (95%CI): 0.42 (0.25, 0.72), p = 0.002) were correlated with a decreased risk of GDM. Plasma pyruvaldehyde, S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), bergapten, and 9-fluorenone mediated the association between Tregs and fasting plasma glucose (FPG), with mediation proportions of 46.9%, 39.6%, 52.4%, and 56.9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Treg cells and Foxp3 expressions were inversely associated with GDM risk, with potential metabolic mechanisms involving metabolites such as pyruvaldehyde and SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wei
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, No.130, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhuo Sun
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, No.130, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Na Wang
- Nursing Department, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Zequn Deng
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, No.130, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenyun Li
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, No.130, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Tao Ying
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, No.130, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Min Wu
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, No.130, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yuwei Liu
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, No.130, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Gengsheng He
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, No.130, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Wong A, Sun Q, Latif II, Karwi QG. Metabolic flux in macrophages in obesity and type-2 diabetes. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY & PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES : A PUBLICATION OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY FOR PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, SOCIETE CANADIENNE DES SCIENCES PHARMACEUTIQUES 2024; 27:13210. [PMID: 38988822 PMCID: PMC11233469 DOI: 10.3389/jpps.2024.13210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Recent literature extensively investigates the crucial role of energy metabolism in determining the inflammatory response and polarization status of macrophages. This rapidly expanding area of research highlights the importance of understanding the link between energy metabolism and macrophage function. The metabolic pathways in macrophages are intricate and interdependent, and they can affect the polarization of macrophages. Previous studies suggested that glucose flux through cytosolic glycolysis is necessary to trigger pro-inflammatory phenotypes of macrophages, and fatty acid oxidation is crucial to support anti-inflammatory responses. However, recent studies demonstrated that this understanding is oversimplified and that the metabolic control of macrophage polarization is highly complex and not fully understood yet. How the metabolic flux through different metabolic pathways (glycolysis, glucose oxidation, fatty acid oxidation, ketone oxidation, and amino acid oxidation) is altered by obesity- and type 2 diabetes (T2D)-associated insulin resistance is also not fully defined. This mini-review focuses on the impact of insulin resistance in obesity and T2D on the metabolic flux through the main metabolic pathways in macrophages, which might be linked to changes in their inflammatory responses. We closely evaluated the experimental studies and methodologies used in the published research and highlighted priority research areas for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Qiuyu Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ismail Ibrahim Latif
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Diyala, Baqubaa, Diyala, Iraq
| | - Qutuba G Karwi
- Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Saint John's, NL, Canada
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5
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Coccini T, Caloni F, Russo LA, Villani L, Lonati D, De Simone U. 3D human stem-cell-derived neuronal spheroids for in vitro neurotoxicity testing of methylglyoxal, highly reactive glycolysis byproduct and potent glycating agent. Curr Res Toxicol 2024; 7:100176. [PMID: 38975063 PMCID: PMC11225170 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2024.100176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Human-derived three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models are advanced human cell-based model for their complexity, relevance and application in toxicity testing. Intracellular accumulation of methylglyoxal (MGO), the most potent glycating agent in humans, mainly generated as a by-product of glycolysis, is associated with age-related diseases including neurodegenerative disorders. In our study, 3D human stem-cell-derived neuronal spheroids were set up and applied to evaluate cytotoxic effects after short-term (5 to 48 h) treatments with different MGO concentrations, including low levels, taking into consideration several biochemical endpoints. In MGO-treated neurospheroids, reduced cell growth proliferation and decreased cell viability occurred early from 5-10 μM, and their compactness diminished starting from 100 μM, apparently without affecting spheroid size. MGO markedly caused loss of the neuronal markers MAP-2 and NSE from 10-50 μM, decreased the detoxifying Glo1 enzyme from 50 μM, and activated NF-kB by nuclear translocation. The cytochemical evaluation of the 3D sections showed the presence of necrotic cells with loss of nuclei. Apoptotic cells were observed from 50 μM MGO after 48 h, and from 100 μM after 24 h. MGO (50-10 µM) also induced modifications of the cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions. These effects worsened at the higher concentrations (300-500 µM). In 3D neuronal spheroids, MGO tested concentrations comparable to human samples levels measured in MGO-associated diseases, altered neuronal key signalling endpoints relevant for the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and aging. The findings also demonstrated that the use of 3D neuronal spheroids of human origin can be useful in a strategy in vitro for testing MGO and other dicarbonyls evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Coccini
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre-National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Caloni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali (ESP), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Laura Villani
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pathology Unit, Pavia, Italy
| | - Davide Lonati
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre-National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Pavia, Italy
| | - Uliana De Simone
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre-National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Pavia, Italy
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Kotian NP, Prabhu A, Tender T, Raghu Chandrashekar H. Methylglyoxal Induced Modifications to Stabilize Therapeutic Proteins: A Review. Protein J 2024; 43:39-47. [PMID: 38017314 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-023-10166-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic proteins are potent, fast-acting drugs that are highly effective in treating various conditions. Medicinal protein usage has increased in the past 10 years, and it will evolve further as we better understand disease molecular pathways. However, it is associated with high processing costs, limited stability, difficulty in being administered as an oral medication, and the inability of large proteins to penetrate tissue and reach their target locations. Many methods have been developed to overcome the problems with the stability and chaperone activity of therapeutic proteins, viz., the addition of external agents (changing the properties of the surrounding solvent by using stabilizing excipients, e.g., amino acids, sugars, polyols) and internal agents (chemical modifications that influence its structural properties, e.g., mutations, glycosylation). However, these methods must completely clear protein instability and chaperone issues. There is still much work to be done on finetuning chaperone proteins to increase their biological efficacy and stability. Methylglyoxal (MGO), a potent dicarbonyl compound, reacts with proteins and forms covalent cross-links. Much research on MGO scavengers has been conducted since they are known to alter protein structure, which may result in alterations in biological activity and stability. MGO is naturally produced within our body, however, its impact on chaperones and protein stability needs to be better understood and seems to vary based on concentration. This review highlights the efforts of several research groups on the effect of MGO on various proteins. It also addresses the impact of MGO on a client protein, α-crystallin, to understand the potential solutions to the protein's chaperone and stability problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nainika Prashant Kotian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Anusha Prabhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Tenzin Tender
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Hariharapura Raghu Chandrashekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India.
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Coccini T, Schicchi A, Locatelli CA, Caloni F, Negri S, Grignani E, De Simone U. Methylglyoxal-induced neurotoxic effects in primary neuronal-like cells transdifferentiated from human mesenchymal stem cells: Impact of low concentrations. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:1819-1839. [PMID: 37431083 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) have aroused the interest of the scientific community due to the increasing evidence of their involvement in many pathophysiological processes including various neurological disorders and cognitive decline age related. Methylglyoxal (MG) is one of the reactive dicarbonyl precursors of AGEs, mainly generated as a by-product of glycolysis, whose accumulation induces neurotoxicity. In our study, MG cytotoxicity was evaluated employing a human stem cell-derived model, namely, neuron-like cells (hNLCs) transdifferentiated from mesenchymal stem/stromal cells, which served as a source of human based species-specific "healthy" cells. MG increased ROS production and induced the first characteristic apoptotic hallmarks already at low concentrations (≥10 μM), decreased the cell growth (≥5-10 μM) and viability (≥25 μM), altered Glo-1 and Glo-2 enzymes (≥25 μM), and markedly affected the neuronal markers MAP-2 and NSE causing their loss at low MG concentrations (≥10 μM). Morphological alterations started at 100 μM, followed by even more marked effects and cell death after few hours (5 h) from 200 μM MG addition. Substantially, most effects occurred as low as 10 μM, concentration much lower than that reported from previous observations using different in vitro cell-based models (e.g., human neuroblastoma cell lines, primary animal cells, and human iPSCs). Remarkably, this low effective concentration approaches the level range measured in biological samples of pathological subjects. The use of a suitable cellular model, that is, human primary neurons, can provide an additional valuable tool, mimicking better the physiological and biochemical properties of brain cells, in order to evaluate the mechanistic basis of molecular and cellular alterations in CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Coccini
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre-National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Azzurra Schicchi
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre-National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carlo Alessandro Locatelli
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre-National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Caloni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali (ESP), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Negri
- Environmental Research Center, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Grignani
- Environmental Research Center, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Uliana De Simone
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre-National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
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Sekar P, Hsiao G, Hsu SH, Huang DY, Lin WW, Chan CM. Metformin inhibits methylglyoxal-induced retinal pigment epithelial cell death and retinopathy via AMPK-dependent mechanisms: Reversing mitochondrial dysfunction and upregulating glyoxalase 1. Redox Biol 2023; 64:102786. [PMID: 37348156 PMCID: PMC10363482 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major cause of blindness in adult, and the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is a major pathologic event in DR. Methylglyoxal (MGO), a highly reactive dicarbonyl compound, is a precursor of AGEs. Although the therapeutic potential of metformin for retinopathy disorders has recently been elucidated, possibly through AMPK activation, it remains unknown how metformin directly affects the MGO-induced stress response in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Therefore, in this study, we compared the effects of metformin and the AMPK activator A769662 on MGO-induced DR in mice, as well as evaluated cytotoxicity, mitochondrial dynamic changes and dysfunction in ARPE-19 cells. We found MGO can induce mitochondrial ROS production and mitochondrial membrane potential loss, but reduce cytosolic ROS level in ARPE-19 cells. Although these effects of MGO can be reversed by both metformin and A769662, we demonstrated that reduction of mitochondrial ROS production rather than restoration of cytosolic ROS level contributes to cell protective effects of metformin and A769662. Moreover, MGO inhibits AMPK activity, reduces LC3II accumulation, and suppresses protein and gene expressions of MFN1, PGC-1α and TFAM, leading to mitochondrial fission, inhibition of mitochondrial biogenesis and autophagy. In contrast, these events of MGO were reversed by metformin in an AMPK-dependent manner as evidenced by the effects of compound C and AMPK silencing. In addition, we observed an AMPK-dependent upregulation of glyoxalase 1, a ubiquitous cellular enzyme that participates in the detoxification of MGO. In intravitreal drug-treated mice, we found that AMPK activators can reverse the MGO-induced cotton wool spots, macular edema and retinal damage. Functional, histological and optical coherence tomography analysis support the protective actions of both agents against MGO-elicited retinal damage. Metformin and A769662 via AMPK activation exert a strong protection against MGO-induced retinal pigment epithelial cell death and retinopathy. Therefore, metformin and AMPK activator can be therapeutic agents for DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ponarulselvam Sekar
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - George Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hao Hsu
- Medical Research Center, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Duen-Yi Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Wan Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Ming Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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Shin A, Connolly S, Kabytaev K. Protein glycation in diabetes mellitus. Adv Clin Chem 2023; 113:101-156. [PMID: 36858645 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is the ninth leading cause of mortality worldwide. It is a complex disease that manifests as chronic hyperglycemia. Glucose exposure causes biochemical changes at the proteome level as reflected in accumulation of glycated proteins. A prominent example is hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), a glycated protein widely accepted as a diabetic indicator. Another emerging biomarker is glycated albumin which has demonstrated utility in situations where HbA1c cannot be used. Other proteins undergo glycation as well thus impacting cellular function, transport and immune response. Accordingly, these glycated counterparts may serve as predictors for diabetic complications and thus warrant further inquiry. Fortunately, modern proteomics has provided unique analytic capability to enable improved and more comprehensive exploration of glycating agents and glycated proteins. This review broadly covers topics from epidemiology of diabetes to modern analytical tools such as mass spectrometry to facilitate a better understanding of diabetes pathophysiology. This serves as an attempt to connect clinically relevant questions with findings of recent proteomic studies to suggest future avenues of diabetes research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleks Shin
- Department of Pathology & Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Shawn Connolly
- Department of Pathology & Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Kuanysh Kabytaev
- Department of Pathology & Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.
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10
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de Almeida GRL, Szczepanik JC, Selhorst I, Cunha MP, Dafre AL. The expanding impact of methylglyoxal on behavior-related disorders. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 120:110635. [PMID: 36103947 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MGO) is a reactive dicarbonyl compound formed as a byproduct of glycolysis. MGO is a major cell-permeant precursor of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), since it readily reacts with basic phospholipids and nucleotides, as well as amino acid residues of proteins, such as arginine, cysteine, and lysine. The AGEs production induced by MGO are widely associated with several pathologies, including neurodegenerative diseases. However, the impact of MGO metabolism and AGEs formation in the central nervous system (particularly in neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes) on behavior and psychiatric diseases is not fully understood. Here, we briefly present background information on the biological activity of MGO in the central nervous system. It was gathered the available information on the role of MGO metabolism at the physiological processes, as well as at the neurobiology of psychiatry diseases, especially pain-related experiences, anxiety, depression, and cognition impairment-associated diseases. To clarify the role of MGO on behavior and associated diseases, we reviewed primarily the main findings at preclinical studies focusing on genetic and pharmacological approaches. Since monoamine neurotransmitter systems are implicated as pivotal targets on the pathophysiology and treatment of psychiatry and cognitive-related diseases, we also reviewed how MGO affects these neurotransmission systems and the implications of this phenomenon for nociception and pain; learning and cognition; and mood. In summary, this review highlights the pivotal role of glyoxalase 1 (Glo1) and MGO levels in modulating behavioral phenotypes, as well as related cellular and molecular signaling. Conclusively, this review signals dopamine as a new neurochemical MGO target, as well as highlights how MGO metabolism can modulate the pathophysiology and treatment of pain, psychiatric and cognitive-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gudrian R L de Almeida
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Jozimar C Szczepanik
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Selhorst
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Mauricio P Cunha
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Department of Basic Sciences of Life, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, 35010-177 Governador Valadares, MG, Brazil.
| | - Alcir L Dafre
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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11
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Kosmachevskaya OV, Nasybullina EI, Pugachenko IS, Novikova NN, Topunov AF. Antiglycation and Antioxidant Effect of Nitroxyl towards Hemoglobin. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11102007. [PMID: 36290730 PMCID: PMC9599031 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11102007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Donors of nitroxyl and nitroxyl anion (HNO/NO−) are considered to be promising pharmacological treatments with a wide range of applications. Remarkable chemical properties allow nitroxyl to function as a classic antioxidant. We assume that HNO/NO− can level down the non-enzymatic glycation of biomolecules. Since erythrocyte hemoglobin (Hb) is highly susceptible to non-enzymatic glycation, we studied the effect of a nitroxyl donor, Angeli’s salt, on Hb modification with methylglyoxal (MG) and organic peroxide―tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH). Nitroxyl dose-dependently decreased the amount of protein carbonyls and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) that were formed in the case of Hb incubation with MG. Likewise, nitroxyl effectively protected Hb against oxidative modification with t-BOOH. It slowed down the destruction of heme, formation of carbonyl derivatives and inter-subunit cross-linking. The protective effect of nitroxyl on Hb in this system is primarily associated with nitrosylation of oxidized Hb and reduction of its ferryl form, which lowers the yield of free radical products. We suppose that the dual (antioxidant and antiglycation) effect of nitroxyl makes its application possible as part of an additional treatment strategy for oxidative and carbonyl stress-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V. Kosmachevskaya
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elvira I. Nasybullina
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor S. Pugachenko
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Alexey F. Topunov
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-916-157-6367
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12
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Lai SWT, Lopez Gonzalez EDJ, Zoukari T, Ki P, Shuck SC. Methylglyoxal and Its Adducts: Induction, Repair, and Association with Disease. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:1720-1746. [PMID: 36197742 PMCID: PMC9580021 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Metabolism is an essential part of life that provides energy for cell growth. During metabolic flux, reactive electrophiles are produced that covalently modify macromolecules, leading to detrimental cellular effects. Methylglyoxal (MG) is an abundant electrophile formed from lipid, protein, and glucose metabolism at intracellular levels of 1-4 μM. MG covalently modifies DNA, RNA, and protein, forming advanced glycation end products (MG-AGEs). MG and MG-AGEs are associated with the onset and progression of many pathologies including diabetes, cancer, and liver and kidney disease. Regulating MG and MG-AGEs is a potential strategy to prevent disease, and they may also have utility as biomarkers to predict disease risk, onset, and progression. Here, we review recent advances and knowledge surrounding MG, including its production and elimination, mechanisms of MG-AGEs formation, the physiological impact of MG and MG-AGEs in disease onset and progression, and the latter in the context of its receptor RAGE. We also discuss methods for measuring MG and MG-AGEs and their clinical application as prognostic biomarkers to allow for early detection and intervention prior to disease onset. Finally, we consider relevant clinical applications and current therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting MG, MG-AGEs, and RAGE to ultimately improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seigmund Wai Tsuen Lai
- Department of Diabetes and Cancer Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California 91010, United States
| | - Edwin De Jesus Lopez Gonzalez
- Department of Diabetes and Cancer Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California 91010, United States
| | - Tala Zoukari
- Department of Diabetes and Cancer Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California 91010, United States
| | - Priscilla Ki
- Department of Diabetes and Cancer Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California 91010, United States
| | - Sarah C Shuck
- Department of Diabetes and Cancer Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California 91010, United States
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13
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Cruz N, Flores M, Urquiaga I, Ávila F. Modulation of 1,2-Dicarbonyl Compounds in Postprandial Responses Mediated by Food Bioactive Components and Mediterranean Diet. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1513. [PMID: 36009232 PMCID: PMC9405221 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycoxidative stress with the consequent generation of advanced glycation end products has been implied in the etiology of numerous non-communicable chronic diseases. During the postprandial state, the levels of 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds can increase, depending on numerous factors, including characteristics of the subjects mainly related to glucose metabolism disorders and nutritional status, as well as properties related to the chemical composition of meals, including macronutrient composition and the presence of dietary bioactive molecules and macromolecules. In this review, we examine the chemical, biochemical, and physiological pathways that contribute to postprandial generation of 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds. The modulation of postprandial 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds is discussed in terms of biochemical pathways regulating the levels of these compounds, as well as the effect of phenolic compounds, dietary fiber, and dietary patterns, such as Mediterranean and Western diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Cruz
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, Talca 3460000, Chile;
| | - Marcos Flores
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Talca 3460000, Chile;
| | - Inés Urquiaga
- Center for Molecular Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 114-D, Santiago 8331150, Chile;
| | - Felipe Ávila
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, Talca 3460000, Chile;
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14
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Prevenzano I, Leone A, Longo M, Nicolò A, Cabaro S, Collina F, Panarese I, Botti G, Formisano P, Napoli R, Beguinot F, Miele C, Nigro C. Glyoxalase 1 knockdown induces age-related β-cell dysfunction and glucose intolerance in mice. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e52990. [PMID: 35620868 PMCID: PMC9253754 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202152990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tight control of glycemia is a major treatment goal for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Clinical studies indicated that factors other than poor glycemic control may be important in fostering T2DM progression. Increased levels of methylglyoxal (MGO) associate with complications development, but its role in the early steps of T2DM pathogenesis has not been defined. Here, we show that MGO accumulation induces an age-dependent impairment of glucose tolerance and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in mice knockdown for glyoxalase 1 (Glo1KD). This metabolic alteration associates with the presence of insular inflammatory infiltration (F4/80-positive staining), the islet expression of senescence markers, and higher levels of cytokines (MCP-1 and TNF-α), part of the senescence-activated secretory profile, in the pancreas from 10-month-old Glo1KD mice, compared with their WT littermates. In vitro exposure of INS832/13 β-cells to MGO confirms its casual role on β-cell dysfunction, which can be reverted by senolytic treatment. These data indicate that MGO is capable to induce early phenotypes typical of T2D progression, paving the way for novel prevention approaches to T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immacolata Prevenzano
- URT Genomics of Diabetes‐IEOSCNR & Department of Translational Medicine – Federico IIUniversity of NaplesNaplesItaly
| | - Alessia Leone
- URT Genomics of Diabetes‐IEOSCNR & Department of Translational Medicine – Federico IIUniversity of NaplesNaplesItaly
| | - Michele Longo
- URT Genomics of Diabetes‐IEOSCNR & Department of Translational Medicine – Federico IIUniversity of NaplesNaplesItaly
| | - Antonella Nicolò
- URT Genomics of Diabetes‐IEOSCNR & Department of Translational Medicine – Federico IIUniversity of NaplesNaplesItaly
| | - Serena Cabaro
- URT Genomics of Diabetes‐IEOSCNR & Department of Translational Medicine – Federico IIUniversity of NaplesNaplesItaly
| | - Francesca Collina
- Pathology UnitIstituto Nazionale Tumori‐IRCCS‐Fondazione G.PascaleNaplesItaly
| | - Iacopo Panarese
- Unità di Anatomia PatologicaDipartimento di Salute Mentale e Fisica e Medicina PreventivaUniversità degli Studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli"NaplesItaly
| | - Gerardo Botti
- Scientific DirectionIstituto Nazionale Tumori‐IRCCS‐Fondazione G.PascaleNaplesItaly
| | - Pietro Formisano
- URT Genomics of Diabetes‐IEOSCNR & Department of Translational Medicine – Federico IIUniversity of NaplesNaplesItaly
| | - Raffaele Napoli
- URT Genomics of Diabetes‐IEOSCNR & Department of Translational Medicine – Federico IIUniversity of NaplesNaplesItaly
| | - Francesco Beguinot
- URT Genomics of Diabetes‐IEOSCNR & Department of Translational Medicine – Federico IIUniversity of NaplesNaplesItaly
| | - Claudia Miele
- URT Genomics of Diabetes‐IEOSCNR & Department of Translational Medicine – Federico IIUniversity of NaplesNaplesItaly
| | - Cecilia Nigro
- URT Genomics of Diabetes‐IEOSCNR & Department of Translational Medicine – Federico IIUniversity of NaplesNaplesItaly
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15
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Alomar FA, Alshakhs MN, Abohelaika S, Almarzouk HM, Almualim M, Al-Ali AK, Al-Muhanna F, Alomar MF, Alhaddad MJ, Almulaify MS, Alessa FS, Alsalman AS, Alaswad A, Bidasee SR, Alsaad HA, Alali RA, AlSheikh MH, Akhtar MS, Al Mohaini M, Alsalman AJ, Alturaifi H, Bidasee KR. Elevated plasma level of the glycolysis byproduct methylglyoxal on admission is an independent biomarker of mortality in ICU COVID-19 patients. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9510. [PMID: 35680931 PMCID: PMC9178541 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12751-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers to identify ICU COVID-19 patients at high risk for mortality are urgently needed for therapeutic care and management. Here we found plasma levels of the glycolysis byproduct methylglyoxal (MG) were 4.4-fold higher in ICU patients upon admission that later died (n = 33), and 1.7-fold higher in ICU patients that survived (n = 32),compared to uninfected controls (n = 30). The increased MG in patients that died correlated inversely with the levels of the MG-degrading enzyme glyoxalase-1 (r2 = - 0.50), and its co-factor glutathione (r2 = - 0.63), and positively with monocytes (r2 = 0.29). The inflammation markers, SSAO (r2 = 0.52), TNF-α (r2 = 0.41), IL-1β (r2 = 0.25), CRP (r2 = 0.26) also correlated positively with MG. Logistic regression analysis provides evidence of a significant relationship between the elevated MG upon admission into ICU and death (P < 0.0001), with 42% of the death variability explained. From these data we conclude that elevated plasma MG on admission is a novel independent biomarker that predicts mortality in ICU COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadhel A Alomar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P. O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Marai N Alshakhs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dammam Medical Complex, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salah Abohelaika
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Qatif Central Hospital, Ministry of Health, Qatif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan M Almarzouk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dammam Medical Complex, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Almualim
- Intenstive Care Unit, Qatif Central Hospital, Ministry of Health, Qatif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amein K Al-Ali
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Al-Muhanna
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed F Alomar
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mousa J Alhaddad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dammam Medical Complex, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Faisal S Alessa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dammam Medical Complex, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed S Alsalman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dammam Medical Complex, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alaswad
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Qatif Central Hospital, Ministry of Health, Qatif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sean R Bidasee
- Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Hassan A Alsaad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P. O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rudaynah A Alali
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona H AlSheikh
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Akhtar
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al Mohaini
- Basic Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences and King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Al Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkhaliq J Alsalman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Keshore R Bidasee
- Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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16
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Glycation modulates glutamatergic signaling and exacerbates Parkinson's disease-like phenotypes. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:51. [PMID: 35468899 PMCID: PMC9038780 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00314-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein (aSyn) is a central player in the pathogenesis of synucleinopathies due to its accumulation in typical protein aggregates in the brain. However, it is still unclear how it contributes to neurodegeneration. Type-2 diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). Interestingly, a common molecular alteration among these disorders is the age-associated increase in protein glycation. We hypothesized that glycation-induced neuronal dysfunction is a contributing factor in synucleinopathies. Here, we dissected the impact of methylglyoxal (MGO, a glycating agent) in mice overexpressing aSyn in the brain. We found that MGO-glycation potentiates motor, cognitive, olfactory, and colonic dysfunction in aSyn transgenic (Thy1-aSyn) mice that received a single dose of MGO via intracerebroventricular injection. aSyn accumulates in the midbrain, striatum, and prefrontal cortex, and protein glycation is increased in the cerebellum and midbrain. SWATH mass spectrometry analysis, used to quantify changes in the brain proteome, revealed that MGO mainly increase glutamatergic-associated proteins in the midbrain (NMDA, AMPA, glutaminase, VGLUT and EAAT1), but not in the prefrontal cortex, where it mainly affects the electron transport chain. The glycated proteins in the midbrain of MGO-injected Thy1-aSyn mice strongly correlate with PD and dopaminergic pathways. Overall, we demonstrated that MGO-induced glycation accelerates PD-like sensorimotor and cognitive alterations and suggest that the increase of glutamatergic signaling may underly these events. Our study sheds new light into the enhanced vulnerability of the midbrain in PD-related synaptic dysfunction and suggests that glycation suppressors and anti-glutamatergic drugs may hold promise as disease-modifying therapies for synucleinopathies.
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Heber S, Haller PM, Kiss A, Jäger B, Huber K, Fischer MJM. Association of Plasma Methylglyoxal Increase after Myocardial Infarction and the Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030605. [PMID: 35327407 PMCID: PMC8945522 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Preclinical studies suggest that methylglyoxal (MG) increases within the myocardium upon acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and thereafter contributes to adverse postinfarct remodeling. The aims of this study were to test whether MG increases in plasma of humans after AMI and whether this increase is related to the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Methods: The plasma samples of 37 patients with ST elevation AMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) acquired in a previously conducted randomized controlled trial testing remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) were analyzed by means of high-performance liquid chromatography. Time courses of the variables were analyzed by means of mixed linear models. Multiple regression analyses served to explore the relationship between MG levels and the LVEF. Results: Compared to the MG levels upon admission due to AMI, the levels were increased 2.4-fold (95% CI, 1.6−3.6) 0.5 h after reperfusion facilitated by pPCI, 2.6-fold (1.7−4.0) after 24 h and largely returned to the baseline after 30 d (1.1-fold, 0.8−1.5). The magnitude of the MG increase was largely independent of that of cardiac necrosis markers. Overall, the highest MG values within 24 h after AMI were associated with the lowest LVEF after 4 d. While markers of myocardial necrosis and stretch quantified within the first 24 h explained 52% of the variance of the LVEF, MG explained additional 23% of the variance (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Considering these observational data, it is plausible that the preclinical finding of MG generation after AMI negatively affecting the LVEF also applies to humans. Inhibition of MG generation or MG scavenging might provide a novel therapeutic strategy to target post-AMI myocardial remodeling and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Heber
- Institute of Physiology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-1-40160-31425
| | - Paul M. Haller
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20151 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Attila Kiss
- Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Bernhard Jäger
- 3rd Department of Medicine, Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Klinik Ottakring, 1016 Vienna, Austria; (B.J.); (K.H.)
| | - Kurt Huber
- 3rd Department of Medicine, Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Klinik Ottakring, 1016 Vienna, Austria; (B.J.); (K.H.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Sigmund Freud University, 1020 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael J. M. Fischer
- Institute of Physiology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
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18
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Weng X, Chen J, Fei Q, Guo X, Liu S, Wen L, Liang H, Guo C, Nie L, Jing C. The association of aldehydes exposure with diabetes mellitus in US population: NHANES 2013-2014. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:133019. [PMID: 34813847 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of mixed aldehydes exposure with diabetes remains unclear. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore associations between serum aldehydes concentration and diabetes. METHODS We analyzed associations between aldehydes and diabetes using data from 1795 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2013 to 2014 by multiple logistic regression models. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) was used to evaluate the combined association of serum aldehydes on prediabetes and diabetes. RESULTS Isopentanaldehyde increased the risk of diabetes 2.09 fold (95%CI:1.05-4.16) in the highest tertile, compared to the lowest-tertile concentration after adjusting for covariates, with a p-value for trend (P-t) equal to 0.041, in females. The adjusted OR of prediabetes with a 95% CI for the highest tertile was 0.52(0.28, 0.97) for benzaldehyde in females (P-t = 0.034). We also found associations in the male group between butyraldehyde and diabetes for the second (OR:2.80, 95%CI:1.35-5.79) and third (OR:2.59, 95%CI:1.30-5.17) tertile levels (P-t = 0.010). The risk of diabetes increased 2.55 fold (95%CI: 1.26-5.16, P-t = 0.008), in subjects in the highest tertile of hexanaldehyde concentration. Other aldehydes did not show a statistically significant association with diabetes or prediabetes. The BKMR model showed a positive association of mixed aldehydes with diabetes in males, and butyraldehyde showed a significant positive trend with the highest posterior inclusion probability (PIP = 0.85). Mixed aldehydes increased female's risk from prediabetes to diabetes in which isopentanaldehyde had the highest posterior inclusion probability (PIP = 0.67). CONCLUSIONS The mixed aldehydes might increase the risk of suffering from diabetes in males and accelerate the progression of diabetes in females, in which butyraldehyde and isopentanaldehyde play the most important roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqiong Weng
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Ave West, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingmin Chen
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Ave West, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiaoyuan Fei
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Ave West, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinrong Guo
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Ave West, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Ave West, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Wen
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Ave West, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Huanzhu Liang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Ave West, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Congcong Guo
- Jiaojiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lihong Nie
- Department of Endocrine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunxia Jing
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Ave West, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China.
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Papadaki M, Kampaengsri T, Barrick SK, Campbell SG, von Lewinski D, Rainer PP, Harris SP, Greenberg MJ, Kirk JA. Myofilament glycation in diabetes reduces contractility by inhibiting tropomyosin movement, is rescued by cMyBPC domains. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 162:1-9. [PMID: 34487755 PMCID: PMC8766917 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes doubles the risk of developing heart failure (HF). As the prevalence of diabetes grows, so will HF unless the mechanisms connecting these diseases can be identified. Methylglyoxal (MG) is a glycolysis by-product that forms irreversible modifications on lysine and arginine, called glycation. We previously found that myofilament MG glycation causes sarcomere contractile dysfunction and is increased in patients with diabetes and HF. The aim of this study was to discover the molecular mechanisms by which MG glycation of myofilament proteins cause sarcomere dysfunction and to identify therapeutic avenues to compensate. In humans with type 2 diabetes without HF, we found increased glycation of sarcomeric actin compared to non-diabetics and it correlated with decreased calcium sensitivity. Depressed calcium sensitivity is pathogenic for HF, therefore myofilament glycation represents a promising therapeutic target to inhibit the development of HF in diabetics. To identify possible therapeutic targets, we further defined the molecular actions of myofilament glycation. Skinned myocytes exposed to 100 μM MG exhibited decreased calcium sensitivity, maximal calcium-activated force, and crossbridge kinetics. Replicating MG's functional affects using a computer simulation of sarcomere function predicted simultaneous decreases in tropomyosin's blocked-to-closed rate transition and crossbridge duty cycle were consistent with all experimental findings. Stopped-flow experiments and ATPase activity confirmed MG decreased the blocked-to-closed transition rate. Currently, no therapeutics target tropomyosin, so as proof-of-principal, we used a n-terminal peptide of myosin-binding protein C, previously shown to alter tropomyosin's position on actin. C0C2 completely rescued MG-induced calcium desensitization, suggesting a possible treatment for diabetic HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Papadaki
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University of Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Theerachat Kampaengsri
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University of Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Samantha K. Barrick
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Stuart G. Campbell
- Department of Bioengineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Peter P. Rainer
- Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Samantha P. Harris
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Michael J. Greenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jonathan A. Kirk
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University of Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA,Corresponding Author: Jonathan A. Kirk, Ph.D., Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Center for Translational Research and Education, Room 522, 2160 S. First Ave., Maywood, IL 60153, Ph: 708-216-6348,
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20
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Li WY, Lee CY, Lee KM, Zhang G, Lyu A, Yue KKM. Advanced Glycation End-Product Precursor Methylglyoxal May Lead to Development of Alzheimer's Disease. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:3153-3166. [PMID: 36262805 PMCID: PMC9575592 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s382927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and diabetic complications. Exacerbated cortical neuronal degeneration was observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with DM. In fact, DM is now considered a risk factor of AD, as DM-induced activation of stress responses in the central nervous system (CNS) such as oxidative stress and neuroinflammation may lead to various neurodegenerative disorders. Methylglyoxal (MG) is one of the most reactive advanced glycation end-product (AGE) precursors. Abnormal accumulation of MG is observed in the serum of diabetic patients. As MG is reported to promote brain cells impairment in the CNS, and it is found that AGEs are abnormally increased in the brains of AD patients. Therefore, the effect of MG causing subsequent symptoms of AD was investigated. METHODS 5-week-old C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with MG solution for 11 weeks. The Morris water maze (MWM) was used to examine the spatial learning ability and cognition of mice. After MG treatment, MTT assay, real-time PCR analyses, and Western blot were performed to assess the harvested astrocytes and hippocampi. RESULTS Significantly longer escape latency and reduced percentage time spent in the target quadrant were observed in the 9-week-MG-treated mice. We have found in both in vitro and in vivo models that MG induced astrogliosis, pro-inflammatory cytokines, AD-related markers, and ERK activation. Further, trend of normalization of the tested markers mRNA expressions were observed after ERK inhibition. CONCLUSION Our in vivo results suggested that MG could induce AD symptoms and in vitro results implied that ERK may regulate the promotion of inflammation and Aβ formation in MG-induced reactive astrocytes. Taken together, MG may participate in the dysfunction of brain cells resulting in possible diabetes-related neurodegeneration by promoting astrogliosis, Aβ production, and neuroinflammation through the ERK pathway. Our findings provide insight of targeting ERK as a therapeutic application for diabetes-induced AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Yin Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheuk Yan Lee
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kwan Ming Lee
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ge Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aiping Lyu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kevin Kin Man Yue
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Kevin Kin Man Yue, 4/F, Jockey Club School of Chinese Medicine Building, 7 Baptist University Road, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Tel +852 3411 2468, Email
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Hernandez-Castillo C, Shuck SC. Diet and Obesity-Induced Methylglyoxal Production and Links to Metabolic Disease. Chem Res Toxicol 2021; 34:2424-2440. [PMID: 34851609 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The obesity rate in the United States is 42.4% and has become a national epidemic. Obesity is a complex condition that is influenced by socioeconomic status, ethnicity, genetics, age, and diet. Increased consumption of a Western diet, one that is high in processed foods, red meat, and sugar content, is associated with elevated obesity rates. Factors that increase obesity risk, such as socioeconomic status, also increase consumption of a Western diet because of a limited access to healthier options and greater affordability of processed foods. Obesity is a public health threat because it increases the risk of several pathologies, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, and cancer. The molecular mechanisms linking obesity to disease onset and progression are not well understood, but a proposed mechanism is physiological changes caused by altered lipid peroxidation, glycolysis, and protein metabolism. These metabolic pathways give rise to reactive molecules such as the abundant electrophile methylglyoxal (MG), which covalently modifies nucleic acids and proteins. MG-adducts are associated with obesity-linked pathologies and may have potential for biomonitoring to determine the risk of disease onset and progression. MG-adducts may also play a role in disease progression because they are mutagenic and directly impact protein stability and function. In this review, we discuss how obesity drives metabolic alterations, how these alterations lead to MG production, the association of MG-adducts with disease, and the potential impact of MG-adducts on cellular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Hernandez-Castillo
- Department of Diabetes and Cancer Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010, United States
| | - Sarah C Shuck
- Department of Diabetes and Cancer Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010, United States
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22
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Zhao Y, Tang Y, Sang S. Dietary Quercetin Reduces Plasma and Tissue Methylglyoxal and Advanced Glycation End Products in Healthy Mice Treated with Methylglyoxal. J Nutr 2021; 151:2601-2609. [PMID: 34091674 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylglyoxal (MGO), a precursor of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), has been linked to AGEs-associated diseases. OBJECTIVES This study investigated the efficacy and mechanisms of dietary quercetin in decreasing plasma and tissue concentrations of MGO and AGEs in MGO-administered mice. METHODS Male, 6-wk-old CD-1 mice were administered AIN-93G diet and water (Con) or 0.12% MGO in water (MGO) or MGO plus 0.2% (0.2Q) dietary quercetin for 1 wk (n = 5) (experiment 1), and water (Con), 0.12% MGO (MGO), or MGO plus 0.1% (0.1Q), 0.2% (0.2Q), or 0.4% (0.4Q) dietary quercetin for 6 wk (n = 10) (experiment 2). The plasma, kidney, and liver concentrations of MGO, quercetin, and isorhamnetin and their trapping adducts with MGO were determined by LC-MS, and AGE concentrations were measured by the fluorescent method. Furthermore, the expressions of glyoxalase I/II (GLO I/II) and aldose reductase (AR), MGO detoxification enzymes, were determined by Western blot. One-factor ANOVA and post hoc Dunnett's or Tukey's test were used to analyze the data. RESULTS After 1 wk of treatment, the MGO concentrations in plasma (20.2%) and kidney (29.9%) in 0.2Q mice were significantly lower than those in MGO mice. After 6 wk of treatment, the concentrations of MGO in the plasma (14.7-18.6%), kidney (20-20.8%), liver (15.4-18.6%), and tissue AGEs (28-36.8%) in 0.1Q, 0.2Q, and 0.4Q mice were significantly lower than those in MGO mice. The plasma concentrations of quercetin, isorhamnetin, and their MGO adducts were dose-dependently increased after quercetin administration. In addition, after 6 wk of quercetin administration, the expressions of GLO I/II and AR in the liver and kidney were significantly upregulated to promote MGO detoxification compared with MGO-treated mice. CONCLUSIONS Quercetin reduced plasma and tissue MGO concentrations and inhibited AGE formation by trapping MGO and regulating the MGO detoxification systems in MGO-administered healthy mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantao Zhao
- Laboratory for Functional Foods and Human Health, Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Yao Tang
- Laboratory for Functional Foods and Human Health, Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Shengmin Sang
- Laboratory for Functional Foods and Human Health, Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA
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23
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Bora S, Shankarrao Adole P. Carbonyl stress in diabetics with acute coronary syndrome. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 520:78-86. [PMID: 34090879 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence and incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) are increasing worldwide bringing with it a significantly higher rate of complications. Various mechanisms such as carbonyl stress, polyol pathway, oxidative stress, hexosamine pathways, diacylglycerol/protein kinase-C activation, etc., are responsible for the pathogenesis of DM and its complications. Persistent hyperglycaemia and inhibition of metabolising and detoxifying enzymes lead to the excessive synthesis of carbonyl compounds such as methylglyoxal, glyoxal, and 3-deoxyglucosone, resulting in carbonyl stress. The substrates, metabolizing and detoxifying enzymes of carbonyl compounds are discussed. The mechanistic roles of carbonyl compounds and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, thrombogenicity, and endothelial dysfunction in animal and cell culture model of DM and patients with DM are summarised. Because of the essential role of carbonyl stress, therapeutics are aimed at scavenging, metabolizing, detoxifying, and inhibiting carbonyl compounds or AGEs so that their harmful effects are minimized. Clinically used drugs, plants extracts and miscellaneous chemical with antiglycation properties are used in an animal model of DM to alleviates the impact of carbonyl compounds. Extensive clinical trials with derivatisation of available antiglycation agents to increase the bioavailability and decrease side effects are warranted further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmita Bora
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry 605 006, India
| | - Prashant Shankarrao Adole
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry 605 006, India.
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Francisco FA, Saavedra LPJ, Junior MDF, Barra C, Matafome P, Mathias PCF, Gomes RM. Early AGEing and metabolic diseases: is perinatal exposure to glycotoxins programming for adult-life metabolic syndrome? Nutr Rev 2021; 79:13-24. [PMID: 32951053 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Perinatal early nutritional disorders are critical for the developmental origins of health and disease. Glycotoxins, or advanced glycation end-products, and their precursors such as the methylglyoxal, which are formed endogenously and commonly found in processed foods and infant formulas, may be associated with acute and long-term metabolic disorders. Besides general aspects of glycotoxins, such as their endogenous production, exogenous sources, and their role in the development of metabolic syndrome, we discuss in this review the sources of perinatal exposure to glycotoxins and their involvement in metabolic programming mechanisms. The role of perinatal glycotoxin exposure in the onset of insulin resistance, central nervous system development, cardiovascular diseases, and early aging also are discussed, as are possible interventions that may prevent or reduce such effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávio A Francisco
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR, Brazil
| | - Lucas P J Saavedra
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcos D F Junior
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Cátia Barra
- Institute of Physiology and Coimbra Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, and the Center for Innovative Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Coimbra; and the Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Matafome
- Institute of Physiology and Coimbra Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, and the Center for Innovative Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Coimbra; and the Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo C F Mathias
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo M Gomes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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25
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Tian J, Zhao Y, Wang L, Li L. Role of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling in heart and liver-related complications in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:300060521997590. [PMID: 33787393 PMCID: PMC8020098 DOI: 10.1177/0300060521997590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims To analyze expression of members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR)4/myeloid
differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88)/nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling
pathway in the heart and liver in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus
(T2DM). Our overall goal was to understand the underlying pathophysiological
mechanisms. Methods We measured fasting blood glucose (FBG) and insulin (FINS) in a rat model of
T2DM. Expression of members of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway as
well as downstream cytokines was investigated. Levels of mRNA and protein
were assessed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and
western blotting, respectively. Protein content of tissue homogenates was
assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results Diabetic rats had lower body weights, higher FBG, higher FINS, and higher
intraperitoneal glucose tolerance than normal rats. In addition, biochemical
indicators related to heart and liver function were elevated in diabetic
rats compared with normal rats. TLR4 and MyD88 were involved in the
occurrence of T2DM as well as T2DM-related heart and liver complications.
TLR4 caused T2DM-related heart and liver complications through activation of
NF-κB. Conclusions TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling induces production of tumor necrosis factor-α,
interleukin-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, leading to the heart-
and liver-related complications of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Tian
- Department of Endocrinology, Weifang Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Weifang Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Weifang Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang, P.R. China
| | - Lin Li
- The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, P.R. China
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de Almeida GRL, Szczepanik JC, Selhorst I, Schmitz AE, Dos Santos B, Cunha MP, Heinrich IA, de Paula GC, De Bem AF, Leal RB, Dafre AL. Methylglyoxal-Mediated Dopamine Depletion, Working Memory Deficit, and Depression-Like Behavior Are Prevented by a Dopamine/Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitor. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:735-749. [PMID: 33011857 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02146-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MGO) is an endogenous toxin, mainly produced as a by-product of glycolysis that has been associated to aging, Alzheimer's disease, and inflammation. Cell culture studies reported that MGO could impair the glyoxalase, thioredoxin, and glutathione systems. Thus, we investigated the effect of in vivo MGO administration on these systems, but no major changes were observed in the glyoxalase, thioredoxin, and glutathione systems, as evaluated in the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus of mice. A previous study from our group indicated that MGO administration produced learning/memory deficits and depression-like behavior. Confirming these findings, the tail suspension test indicated that MGO treatment for 7 days leads to depression-like behavior in three different mice strains. MGO treatment for 12 days induced working memory impairment, as evaluated in the Y maze spontaneous alternation test, which was paralleled by low dopamine and serotonin levels in the cerebral cortex. Increased DARPP32 Thr75/Thr34 phosphorylation ratio was observed, suggesting a suppression of phosphatase 1 inhibition, which may be involved in behavioral responses to MGO. Co-treatment with a dopamine/noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (bupropion, 10 mg/kg, p.o.) reversed the depression-like behavior and working memory impairment and restored the serotonin and dopamine levels in the cerebral cortex. Overall, the cerebral cortex monoaminergic system appears to be a preferential target of MGO toxicity, a new potential therapeutic target that remains to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jozimar Carlos Szczepanik
- Neurosciences Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Selhorst
- Department of Biochemistry, Biological Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Ariana Ern Schmitz
- Department of Biochemistry, Biological Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Dos Santos
- Department of Biochemistry, Biological Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Maurício Peña Cunha
- Biochemistry Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Isabella Aparecida Heinrich
- Neurosciences Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Cristina de Paula
- Department of Biochemistry, Biological Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Andreza Fabro De Bem
- Biochemistry Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
- Department of Physiological Science, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Bainy Leal
- Biochemistry Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
- Neurosciences Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Biological Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Alcir Luiz Dafre
- Biochemistry Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
- Neurosciences Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
- Department of Biochemistry, Biological Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
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27
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Dicarbonyl derived post-translational modifications: chemistry bridging biology and aging-related disease. Essays Biochem 2020; 64:97-110. [PMID: 31939602 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20190057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In living systems, nucleophilic amino acid residues are prone to non-enzymatic post-translational modification by electrophiles. α-Dicarbonyl compounds are a special type of electrophiles that can react irreversibly with lysine, arginine, and cysteine residues via complex mechanisms to form post-translational modifications known as advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). Glyoxal, methylglyoxal, and 3-deoxyglucosone are the major endogenous dicarbonyls, with methylglyoxal being the most well-studied. There are several routes that lead to the formation of dicarbonyl compounds, most originating from glucose and glucose metabolism, such as the non-enzymatic decomposition of glycolytic intermediates and fructosyl amines. Although dicarbonyls are removed continuously mainly via the glyoxalase system, several conditions lead to an increase in dicarbonyl concentration and thereby AGE formation. AGEs have been implicated in diabetes and aging-related diseases, and for this reason the elucidation of their structure as well as protein targets is of great interest. Though the dicarbonyls and reactive protein side chains are of relatively simple nature, the structures of the adducts as well as their mechanism of formation are not that trivial. Furthermore, detection of sites of modification can be demanding and current best practices rely on either direct mass spectrometry or various methods of enrichment based on antibodies or click chemistry followed by mass spectrometry. Future research into the structure of these adducts and protein targets of dicarbonyl compounds may improve the understanding of how the mechanisms of diabetes and aging-related physiological damage occur.
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Reyaz A, Alam S, Chandra K, Kohli S, Agarwal S. Methylglyoxal and soluble RAGE in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Association with oxidative stress. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2020; 19:515-521. [PMID: 32550204 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00543-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Methylglyoxal (MGO) and MGO related advance end product (AGE) are thought to contribute to the development of diabetes and its complications. The present study was intended to determine plasma MGO and sRAGE levels in T2DM patients and to assess the relationship between MGO and other parameters, such as sRAGE and oxidative markers. Methods The study was carried out in 100 control and T2DM subjects. Methylglyoxal, sRAGE, HbA1c, and other markers were measured by using a standard protocol and the relationship between variables was analyzed using Spearman's correlation analysis. Results Plasma MGO levels in patients with T2DM (221.1 ± 9.50 ng/mL) were significantly higher than in control subjects (121.1 ± 6.52 ng/mL, P < 0.001). The plasma level of MGO was positively correlated with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c, r = 0.50, P < 0.001). Plasma soluble form of RAGE (sRAGE) was significantly decreased in T2DM subjects (5.3 ± 0.64 ng/mL) as compared to the control group (7.7 ± 0.86 ng/mL, p < 0.05). However, at increased level of glycation (HbA1c > 10%), the sRAGE level was 6.2 ± 0.42 ng/mL and was not statistically significant as compared to control healthy group (> 0.05). Moreover, we have not found any correlation between MGO and other markers (p > 0.05). Conclusions The findings of the present study showed that increased plasma MGO level is significantly associated with the HbA1c levels in T2DM patients. Moreover, the study shows that plasma sRAGE level is significantly augmented at increased level of glycation (HbA1c > 10%) in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha Reyaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, 110062 New Delhi, India
| | - Sana Alam
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, 110062 New Delhi, India
| | - Kailash Chandra
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, 110062 New Delhi, India
| | - Sunil Kohli
- Department of Medicine, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Sarita Agarwal
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, 110062 New Delhi, India
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Liu C, Cao B, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Chen X, Kong X, Dong Y. Inhibition of thioredoxin 2 by intracellular methylglyoxal accumulation leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in INS-1 cells. Endocrine 2020; 68:103-115. [PMID: 31939094 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02191-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the role of thioredoxin 2 (Trx2) inhibition induced by intracellular methylglyoxal (MGO) in pancreatic beta-cell mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. METHODS Rat pancreatic beta-cell line INS-1 cells were treated with Glo1 siRNAs or exogenous MGO to increase intracellular MGO. AGEs formation was detected by ELISA and mitochondrial ROS was detected by probe MitoSOX. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis and ATP content were measured to evaluate mitochondrial function. Trx2 expression was manipulated by overexpression with recombinant Trx2 lentivirus or knockdown with Trx2 siRNAs, and effects on apoptosis and insulin secretion were measured by flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS The increase of intracellular MGO by Glo1 blockage or MGO treatment led to advanced glycation end products (AGEs) overproduction, mitochondrial ROS increase, and insulin secretion paralysis. These were probably due to MGO-induced inhibition of mitochondrial Trx2. Trx2 inhibition by blockage of either Glo1 or Trx2 impaired mitochondrial integrity, inhibited cytochrome C oxidases subunit 1 and 4 (Cox1 and Cox4) expression and further reduced ATP generation, and all of these might lead to insulin paralysis; whereas Trx2 overexpression partially reversed MGO-induced oxidative stress, attenuated insulin secretion by preventing mitochondrial damage. Trx2 overexpression also retarded MGO-induced apoptosis of INS-1 cell through inhibiting ASK1 activation and downregulation of the ASK1-p38 MAPK pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal a possible mechanism for beta-cell oxidative damage upon intracellular MGO-induced Trx2 inactivation and mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongxiao Liu
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Baige Cao
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qianren Zhang
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xueru Chen
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiang Kong
- Department of Endocrinology, Yijishan Hospital Affiliated Wannan Medical College, Anhui, 241000, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Advanced glycation end products enhance M1 macrophage polarization by activating the MAPK pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 525:334-340. [PMID: 32093892 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND β-cell dysfunction is one of the core pathogenetic mechanisms of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, there are currently no effective therapeutic strategies to preserve β-cell mass and function. The role of islet macrophage phenotype reprogramming in β-cell dysfunction has attracted great attention. Given that advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are major pathogenic factors in T2DM, we investigated the effect of AGEs on macrophage activation and their role in β-cell dysfunction. METHODS We examined cytokine secretion, M1 and M2 macrophage-associated marker expression and MAPK phosphorylation levels in AGEs-stimulated macrophages. MIN6 cells were cocultured with AGEs-pretreated macrophages to study the effect of AGEs-induced macrophage activation on β-cell dysfunction. RESULTS We found that AGEs treatment significantly enhanced macrophage secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. The expression of M1 macrophage markers, such as iNOS and the surface marker CD11c, was significantly upregulated, whereas the expression of M2 macrophage markers, such as Arg1 and CD206, was reciprocally downregulated upon AGEs stimulation. AGEs treatment predominantly activated the MAPK pathway, and the inhibition of the MAPK pathway partially attenuated the AGEs-induced polarization of macrophages. In addition, coculture with AGEs-pretreated macrophages significantly inhibited the expression of molecules involved in β-cell function and was accompanied by the impairment of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in MIN6 cells. CONCLUSION AGEs enhance the expression of proinflammatory molecules by activating the MAPK pathway. Moreover, these data imply that AGEs induce macrophage M1 phenotype polarization but restrain M2 polarization, which might contribute to β-cell dysfunction in the pathogenesis of T2DM.
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Szczepanik JC, Garcia AF, Lopes de Almeida GR, Cunha MP, Dafre AL. Protective effects against memory impairment induced by methylglyoxal in mice co-treated with FPS-ZM1, an advanced glycation end products receptor antagonist. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2020. [DOI: 10.21307/ane-2020-033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Schalkwijk CG, Stehouwer CDA. Methylglyoxal, a Highly Reactive Dicarbonyl Compound, in Diabetes, Its Vascular Complications, and Other Age-Related Diseases. Physiol Rev 2020; 100:407-461. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00001.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation and accumulation of methylglyoxal (MGO), a highly reactive dicarbonyl compound, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, vascular complications of diabetes, and several other age-related chronic inflammatory diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and disorders of the central nervous system. MGO is mainly formed as a byproduct of glycolysis and, under physiological circumstances, detoxified by the glyoxalase system. MGO is the major precursor of nonenzymatic glycation of proteins and DNA, subsequently leading to the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). MGO and MGO-derived AGEs can impact on organs and tissues affecting their functions and structure. In this review we summarize the formation of MGO, the detoxification of MGO by the glyoxalase system, and the biochemical pathways through which MGO is linked to the development of diabetes, vascular complications of diabetes, and other age-related diseases. Although interventions to treat MGO-associated complications are not yet available in the clinical setting, several strategies to lower MGO have been developed over the years. We will summarize several new directions to target MGO stress including glyoxalase inducers and MGO scavengers. Targeting MGO burden may provide new therapeutic applications to mitigate diseases in which MGO plays a crucial role.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. G. Schalkwijk
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - C. D. A. Stehouwer
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Szczepanik JC, de Almeida GRL, Cunha MP, Dafre AL. Repeated Methylglyoxal Treatment Depletes Dopamine in the Prefrontal Cortex, and Causes Memory Impairment and Depressive-Like Behavior in Mice. Neurochem Res 2019; 45:354-370. [PMID: 31786717 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02921-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MGO) is a highly reactive dicarbonyl molecule that promotes the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which are believed to play a key role in a number of pathologies, such as diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and inflammation. Here, Swiss mice were treated with MGO by intraperitoneal injection to investigate its effects on motor activity, mood, and cognition. Acute MGO treatment heavily decreased locomotor activity in the open field test at higher doses (80-200 mg/kg), an effect not observed at lower doses (10-50 mg/kg). Several alterations were observed 4 h after a single MGO injection (10-50 mg/kg): (a) plasma MGO levels were increased, (b) memory was impaired (object location task), (c) anxiolytic behavior was observed in the open field and marble burying test, and (d) depressive-like behavior was evidenced as evaluated by the tail suspension test. Biochemical alterations in the glutathione and glyoxalase systems were not observed 4 h after MGO treatment. Mice were also treated daily with MGO at 0, 10, 25 and 50 mg/kg for 11 days. From the 5th to the 11th day, several behavioral end points were evaluated, resulting in: (a) absence of motor impairment as evaluated in the open field, horizontal bars and pole test, (b) depressive-like behavior observed in the tail suspension test, and (c) cognitive impairments detected on working, short- and long-term memory when mice were tested in the Y-maze spontaneous alternation, object location and recognition tests, and step-down inhibitory avoidance task. An interesting finding was a marked decrease in dopamine levels in the prefrontal cortex of mice treated with 50 mg/kg MGO for 11 days, along with a ~ 25% decrease in the Glo1 content. The MGO-induced dopamine depletion in the prefrontal cortex may be related to the observed memory deficits and depressive-like behavior, an interesting topic to be further studied as a potentially novel route for MGO toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozimar Carlos Szczepanik
- Neurosciences Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Biological Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Gudrian Ricardo Lopes de Almeida
- Department of Biochemistry, Biological Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Peña Cunha
- Department of Biochemistry, Biological Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Alcir Luiz Dafre
- Neurosciences Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
- Department of Biochemistry, Biological Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
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Dicarbonyl Stress at the Crossroads of Healthy and Unhealthy Aging. Cells 2019; 8:cells8070749. [PMID: 31331077 PMCID: PMC6678343 DOI: 10.3390/cells8070749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dicarbonyl stress occurs when dicarbonyl metabolites (i.e., methylglyoxal, glyoxal and 3-deoxyglucosone) accumulate as a consequence of their increased production and/or decreased detoxification. This toxic condition has been associated with metabolic and age-related diseases, both of which are characterized by a pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant state. Methylglyoxal (MGO) is the most reactive dicarbonyl and the one with the highest endogenous flux. It is the precursor of the major quantitative advanced glycated products (AGEs) in physiological systems, arginine-derived hydroimidazolones, which accumulate in aging and dysfunctional tissues. The aging process is characterized by a decline in the functional properties of cells, tissues and whole organs, starting from the perturbation of crucial cellular processes, including mitochondrial function, proteostasis and stress-scavenging systems. Increasing studies are corroborating the causal relationship between MGO-derived AGEs and age-related tissue dysfunction, unveiling a previously underestimated role of dicarbonyl stress in determining healthy or unhealthy aging. This review summarizes the latest evidence supporting a causal role of dicarbonyl stress in age-related diseases, including diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and neurodegeneration.
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Lee KM, Lee CY, Zhang G, Lyu A, Yue KKM. Methylglyoxal activates osteoclasts through JNK pathway leading to osteoporosis. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 308:147-154. [PMID: 31103701 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and its diverse complications. Hyperglycemia is associated with inflammatory responses in different organs, and diabetic patients have a higher risk of bone fracture due to increased bone weakness. Methylglyoxal, a reactive advanced glycation end product precursor, is known to have increased level in diabetic patients. The accumulation of methylglyoxal promotes inflammation and it may play a role in diabetes related osteoporosis. In this study, therefore, the underlying mechanism of methylglyoxal on osteoporosis was studied using both animal and cell models. In the animal model, rats were treated with either methylglyoxal or saline as control. In the cell model, the macrophage RAW264.7 was treated with methylglyoxal or vehicle control. Following the treatment, animal samples were harvested for micro-CT and real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses. Cell samples were harvested for MTT assay, RT-PCR, and Western Blotting analyses. In both animals and cell cultures, methylglyoxal was shown to induce osteoclastogenesis by increased gene expression of osteoclast bone biomarkers CTSK, OSCAR and TRACP5. Furthermore, in methylglyoxal-treated macrophages activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinases signaling pathway was observed, and inhibition of JNK activities resulted in down-regulation of osteoclast biomarkers gene expressions. Our results therefore suggested that methylglyoxal may contribute to the progression of diabetes-related osteoporosis and imbalanced bone remodeling through JNK pathway in osteoclasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwan Ming Lee
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cheuk Yan Lee
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Aiping Lyu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kevin Kin Man Yue
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
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Protective effect of resveratrol on methylglyoxal-induced endothelial dysfunction in aged rats. Aging Clin Exp Res 2019; 31:331-338. [PMID: 29951747 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-018-0986-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cardiovascular benefits of resveratrol (RSV) have been well established by previous experimental and clinical studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of RSV administration on the impaired endothelial function induced by methylglyoxal (MGO), and to elucidate the role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) on its protective effect. METHODS Aged Wistar rats (80 weeks old, n = 15) were used in this study. The thoracic aorta was isolated and cut into rings for organ culture. Aortic segments of rats were incubated with MGO (420 µM) in the presence or absence of RSV (30 µM) for 4 h (short-term) or 24 h (long-term). Isometric tension studies were performed by an isolated organ bath in response to acetylcholine (ACh, an endothelium-dependent vasodilator) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP, an endothelium-independent vasodilator). Beside, expressions of eNOS and phospho-eNOS (p-eNOS) (Ser 1177) in thoracic aorta rings were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Both short-term and long-term MGO incubation significantly inhibited the relaxation response induced by ACh, while the relaxation to SNP was not significantly altered. In addition, eNOS and p-eNOS expressions decreased significantly in arteries incubated with MGO. The impaired endothelial reactivity as well as decreased expressions of eNOS and p-eNOS in MGO-incubated vessels were significantly improved by RSV treatment. CONCLUSIONS Endothelium-dependent vasodilatation of the thoracic aorta was significantly inhibited by MGO administration, and RSV may improve vascular endothelial function. The protective effect of RSV against MGO-induced endothelial dysfunction seems to be via increased eNOS expression and activity.
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Dhananjayan K, Irrgang F, Raju R, Harman DG, Moran C, Srikanth V, Münch G. Determination of glyoxal and methylglyoxal in serum by UHPLC coupled with fluorescence detection. Anal Biochem 2019; 573:51-66. [PMID: 30796906 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Glyoxal (GO) and methylglyoxal (MGO) are two important biomarkers in diabetes. Analytical methods for determination of GO and MGO in serum samples are either HPLC with UV-Vis (low sensitivity) or MS/MS (expensive) detection. These disadvantages have hampered the introduction of these biomarkers as a routine analyte for diabetes diagnostics into the clinical laboratory. In this study, we introduce a UHPLC method with fluorescence detection for the measurement of GO and MGO in serum samples by pre-column derivatization at neutral pH with 5, 6-diamino-2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine sulfate (DDP) to form lumazines. The method was validated as per FDA guidelines. Using this method, we have determined GO and MGO in a variety of animal serum samples, and for example, determined the GO and MGO concentration in adult bovine serum to be 852 ± 27 and 192 ± 10 nmol/L, respectively. In human serum, GO and MGO levels in non-diabetic subjects (n = 14) were determined to be 154 ± 88 and 98 ± 27 nmol/L, and in serum samples from subjects with diabetes (n = 14) 244 ± 137 and 190 ± 68 nmol/L, respectively. In addition, interference studies showed that physiological serum components did not lead to an artificial increase in the levels of GO and MGO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Dhananjayan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Felix Irrgang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Ritesh Raju
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - David G Harman
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Chris Moran
- Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health & Peninsula Clinical School, Monash University, Victoria, 3199, Australia
| | - Velandai Srikanth
- Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health & Peninsula Clinical School, Monash University, Victoria, 3199, Australia; Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
| | - Gerald Münch
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia; NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.
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Glycation interferes with natural killer cell function. Mech Ageing Dev 2019; 178:64-71. [PMID: 30659859 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
One hallmark of molecular aging is glycation, better known as formation of so-called advanced glycation end products (AGEs), where reactive carbonyls react with amino-groups of proteins. AGEs accumulate over time and are responsible for various age-dependent diseases and impairments. Two very potent dicarbonyls to generate AGEs are glyoxal (GO) and methylglyoxal (MGO). The plasma level of such dicarbonyls is higher in aging and age-related diseases. Natural killer (NK) cells are cells of the innate immune system and provide a major defense against tumor cells and virus infected cells. They are able to kill modified or infected cells and produce different cytokines to modulate the function of other immune cells. Here we investigated the effect of GO- and MGO-induced glycation on the function of NK cells. Using the human NK cell line NK-92, we could demonstrate that both GO and MGO lead to glycation of cellular proteins, but that MGO interferes much stronger with NK cell function (cytotoxicity) than GO. In addition, glycation of NK cell targets, such as K562 tumor cells, also interferes with their lysis by NK cells. From this data we conclude that glycation acts negatively on NK cells function and reduces their cytotoxic potential towards tumor cells.
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Wang XJ, Ma SB, Liu ZF, Li H, Gao WY. Elevated levels of α-dicarbonyl compounds in the plasma of type II diabetics and their relevance with diabetic nephropathy. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1106-1107:19-25. [PMID: 30639946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The presence of α‑dicarbonyl compounds (α-DCs) in vivo has been associated with the development of complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) and also with other chronic diseases. Therefore, quantitative analysis of α-DCs in body fluids is crucial to understand their roles in the formation of these chronic diseases. We established in this study a practical HPLC-UV method to measure 3‑deoxyglucosone (3-DG), glyoxal (GO), methylglyoxal (MGO), diacetyl (DA), and pentane‑2,3‑dione (PD) in blood plasma using 4‑(2,3‑dimethyl‑6‑quinoxalinyl)‑1,2‑benzenediamine (DQB) as a derivatizing reagent. The derivatizing reaction could be carried out quickly under mild conditions and the HPLC determination is simple, sensitive, and easy to operate. The recoveries of the α-DCs are between 85.26% and 110.20% (intra-day) and 87.25% and 103.18% (inter-day); the RSDs are between 1.28% and 5.69% (intra-day) and 2.26% and 6.34% (inter-day). We found the plasma levels of 3-DG, GO, and MGO in the diabetic patients are all significantly higher than those in healthy subjects. The results also show that the contents of GO and MGO in diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients are both significantly higher than those in simple T2DM patients. Moreover, it is found for the first time that the plasma level of GO might be a potential predictor of DN. The developed method would be useful for the measurements of the plasma α-DCs and the data acquired could be informative in the diagnosis of DM complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Jie Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems and College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Sheng-Bo Ma
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems and College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Zhuo-Feng Liu
- Friendship Hospital of Shaanxi Province, 227 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, China
| | - Heng Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems and College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Wen-Yun Gao
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems and College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.
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Gajahi Soudahome A, Catan A, Giraud P, Assouan Kouao S, Guerin-Dubourg A, Debussche X, Le Moullec N, Bourdon E, Bravo SB, Paradela-Dobarro B, Álvarez E, Meilhac O, Rondeau P, Couprie J. Glycation of human serum albumin impairs binding to the glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue liraglutide. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:4778-4791. [PMID: 29414771 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.815274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue liraglutide has proven efficiency in the management of type 2 diabetes and also has beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases. Liraglutide's protracted action highly depends on its capacity to bind to albumin via its palmitic acid part. However, in diabetes, albumin can undergo glycation, resulting in impaired drug binding. Our objective in this study was to assess the impact of human serum albumin (HSA) glycation on liraglutide affinity. Using fluorine labeling of the drug and 19F NMR, we determined HSA affinity for liraglutide in two glycated albumin models. We either glycated HSA in vitro by incubation with glucose (G25- or G100-HSA) or methylglyoxal (MGO-HSA) or purified in vivo glycated HSA from the plasma of diabetic patients with poor glycemic control. Nonglycated commercial HSA (G0-HSA) and HSA purified from plasma of healthy individuals served as controls. We found that glycation decreases affinity for liraglutide by 7-fold for G100-HSA and by 5-fold for MGO-HSA compared with G0-HSA. A similarly reduced affinity was observed for HSA purified from diabetic individuals compared with HSA from healthy individuals. Our results reveal that glycation significantly impairs HSA affinity to liraglutide and confirm that glycation contributes to liraglutide's variable therapeutic efficiency, depending on diabetes stage. Because diabetes is a progressive disease, the effect of glycated albumin on liraglutide affinity found here is important to consider when diabetes is managed with this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélique Gajahi Soudahome
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapie Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), 97490 Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France
| | - Aurélie Catan
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapie Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), 97490 Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France
| | - Pierre Giraud
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapie Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), 97490 Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France
| | - Sandrine Assouan Kouao
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapie Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), 97490 Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France
| | - Alexis Guerin-Dubourg
- Services de Cardiologie et de Biologie, Centre Hospitalier Gabriel Martin, 97866 Saint-Paul, France
| | - Xavier Debussche
- Service d'Endocrinologie, Nutrition, et Diabétologie, CHU de La Réunion, 97400 Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France; CIC1410 INSERM, 97448 Saint-Pierre, Réunion, France
| | - Nathalie Le Moullec
- Service d'Endocrinologie, Nutrition, et Diabétologie, CHU de La Réunion, 97400 Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France; CIC1410 INSERM, 97448 Saint-Pierre, Réunion, France
| | - Emmanuel Bourdon
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapie Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), 97490 Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France
| | - Susana B Bravo
- Proteomic Unit and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBERCV, Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Paradela-Dobarro
- Proteomic Unit and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBERCV, Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ezequiel Álvarez
- Proteomic Unit and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBERCV, Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Olivier Meilhac
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapie Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), 97490 Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France; Centre d'Investigation Clinique, CHU de La Réunion, 97448 Saint-Pierre, Réunion, France
| | - Philippe Rondeau
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapie Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), 97490 Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France.
| | - Joël Couprie
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapie Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), 97490 Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France.
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Hecker M, Wagner AH. Role of protein carbonylation in diabetes. J Inherit Metab Dis 2018; 41:29-38. [PMID: 29110177 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-017-0104-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by, among others, elevated blood glucose levels. Hyperglycaemia as well as enhanced levels of glucose-derived reactive metabolites contribute to the development of diabetic complications partly via increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are not only part of signaling pathways themselves but also lead to carbonylation of particular amino acid side chains by direct metal-catalyzed oxidation. In addition, carbonyl groups can be introduced into proteins indirectly by non-oxidative covalent adduction of reactive carbonyl species generated by the oxidation of lipids or carbohydrates. Both direct and indirect carbonylation mechanisms may affect protein conformation, activity, and function. Herein we introduce the different mechanisms of the carbonylation reaction, discuss degradation mechanisms, and the fate of proteins modified this way and how the overall degree of carbonylation affects protein homeostasis and function differently. The role of protein carbonylation in metabolic control systems and cell signaling are also summarized. Finally, current diagnostic and antioxidant therapeutic options in diabetes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Hecker
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas H Wagner
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Akagawa M, Mori A, Sakamoto K, Nakahara T. Methylglyoxal Impairs β 2-Adrenoceptor-Mediated Vasodilatory Mechanisms in Rat Retinal Arterioles. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 41:272-276. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b17-00861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mari Akagawa
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Asami Mori
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Kenji Sakamoto
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Tsutomu Nakahara
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
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Naturally occurring anthocyanin cyanidin-3-rutinoside possesses inherent vasorelaxant actions and prevents methylglyoxal-induced vascular dysfunction in rat aorta and mesenteric arterial bed. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:1251-1259. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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Liu C, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Chen X, Kong X, Dong Y. Intracellular methylglyoxal induces oxidative damage to pancreatic beta cell line INS-1 cell through Ire1α-JNK and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Free Radic Res 2017; 51:337-350. [PMID: 28488455 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2017.1289376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
An increased intracellular methylglyoxal (MGO) under hyperglycemia led to pancreatic beta cell death. However, its mechanism in which way with MGO induced beta cell death remains unknown. We investigated both high glucose and MGO treatment significantly inclined intracellular MGO concentration and inhibited cell viability in vitro. MGO treatment also triggered intracellular advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation, declined mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), increased oxidative stress and the expression of ER stress mediators Grp78/Bip and p-PERK; activated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, which could mimic by Glo1 knockdown. Aminoguanidine (AG), a MGO scavenger, however, prevented AGEs formation and MGO-induced cell death by inhibiting oxidative stress and ER stress. Furthermore, both antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and ER stress inhibitor 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA) could attenuate MGO-induced cell death through ameliorating ER stress. MGO treatment down-regulated Ire1α, a key ER stress mediator, increased JNK phosphorylation and activated mitochondrial apoptosis; down-regulated Bcl-2 expression which could be attenuated by the JNK inhibitor SP600125 and further inhibited cytochrome c leakage from mitochondria and blocked the conversion of pro caspase 3 into cleaved caspase 3, all these might contribute to the inhibition of INS-1 cell apoptosis. Ire1α down-regulation by Ire1α siRNAs mimicked MGO-induced cytotoxicity by activating the JNK phosphorylation and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. In summary, we demonstrated that increased intracellular MGO induced cytotoxicity in INS-1 cells primarily by activating oxidative stress and further triggering mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, and ER stress-mediated Ire1α-JNK pathway. These findings may have implication on new mechanism of glucotoxicity-mediated pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongxiao Liu
- a Department of Endocrinology , Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yanhong Huang
- a Department of Endocrinology , Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- a Department of Endocrinology , Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Xueru Chen
- a Department of Endocrinology , Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiang Kong
- b Department of Endocrinology , Yijishan Hospital Affiliated Wannan Medical College , Anhui , China
| | - Yan Dong
- a Department of Endocrinology , Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
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Dicarbonyls and Advanced Glycation End-Products in the Development of Diabetic Complications and Targets for Intervention. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18050984. [PMID: 28475116 PMCID: PMC5454897 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18050984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are non-enzymatic protein and amino acid adducts as well as DNA adducts which form from dicarbonyls and glucose. AGE formation is enhanced in diabetes and is associated with the development of diabetic complications. In the current review, we discuss mechanisms that lead to enhanced AGE levels in the context of diabetes and diabetic complications. The methylglyoxal-detoxifying glyoxalase system as well as alternative pathways of AGE detoxification are summarized. Therapeutic approaches to interfere with different pathways of AGE formation are presented.
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Matafome P, Rodrigues T, Sena C, Seiça R. Methylglyoxal in Metabolic Disorders: Facts, Myths, and Promises. Med Res Rev 2017; 37:368-403. [PMID: 27636890 DOI: 10.1002/med.21410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Glucose and fructose metabolism originates the highly reactive byproduct methylglyoxal (MG), which is a strong precursor of advanced glycation end products (AGE). The MG has been implicated in classical diabetic complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, but has also been recently associated with cardiovascular diseases and central nervous system disorders such as cerebrovascular diseases and dementia. Recent studies even suggested its involvement in insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction, contributing to the early development of type 2 diabetes and creating a vicious circle between glycation and hyperglycemia. Despite several drugs and natural compounds have been identified in the last years in order to scavenge MG and inhibit AGE formation, we are still far from having an effective strategy to prevent MG-induced mechanisms. This review summarizes the endogenous and exogenous sources of MG, also addressing the current controversy about the importance of exogenous MG sources. The mechanisms by which MG changes cell behavior and its involvement in type 2 diabetes development and complications and the pathophysiological implication are also summarized. Particular emphasis will be given to pathophysiological relevance of studies using higher MG doses, which may have produced biased results. Finally, we also overview the current knowledge about detoxification strategies, including modulation of endogenous enzymatic systems and exogenous compounds able to inhibit MG effects on biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Matafome
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Complementary Sciences, Coimbra Health School (ESTeSC), Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, 3045-601, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Tiago Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cristina Sena
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Raquel Seiça
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
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de Courten B, Jakubova M, de Courten MP, Kukurova IJ, Vallova S, Krumpolec P, Valkovic L, Kurdiova T, Garzon D, Barbaresi S, Teede HJ, Derave W, Krssak M, Aldini G, Ukropec J, Ukropcova B. Effects of carnosine supplementation on glucose metabolism: Pilot clinical trial. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2016; 24:1027-34. [PMID: 27040154 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Carnosine is a naturally present dipeptide in humans and an over-the counter food additive. Evidence from animal studies supports the role for carnosine in the prevention and treatment of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, yet there is limited human data. This study investigated whether carnosine supplementation in individuals with overweight or obesity improves diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS In a double-blind randomized pilot trial in nondiabetic individuals with overweight and obesity (age 43 ± 8 years; body mass index 31 ± 4 kg/m(2) ), 15 individuals were randomly assigned to 2 g carnosine daily and 15 individuals to placebo for 12 weeks. Insulin sensitivity and secretion, glucose tolerance (oral glucose tolerance test), blood pressure, plasma lipid profile, skeletal muscle ((1) H-MRS), and urinary carnosine levels were measured. RESULTS Carnosine concentrations increased in urine after supplementation (P < 0.05). An increase in fasting insulin and insulin resistance was hampered in individuals receiving carnosine compared to placebo, and this remained significant after adjustment for age, sex, and change in body weight (P = 0.02, P = 0.04, respectively). Two-hour glucose and insulin were both lower after carnosine supplementation compared to placebo in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These pilot intervention data suggest that carnosine supplementation may be an effective strategy for prevention of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora de Courten
- Monash Centre for Health, Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Australia
- Diabetes and Vascular Medicine Unit, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michaela Jakubova
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Maximilian Pj de Courten
- Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ivica Just Kukurova
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Vienna, Austria
| | - Silvia Vallova
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Patrik Krumpolec
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ladislav Valkovic
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Vienna, Austria
| | - Timea Kurdiova
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Davide Garzon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universitàdegli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Barbaresi
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Helena J Teede
- Monash Centre for Health, Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Australia
- Diabetes and Vascular Medicine Unit, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wim Derave
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Martin Krssak
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Giancarlo Aldini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universitàdegli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Jozef Ukropec
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Barbara Ukropcova
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
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The Chilean wild raspberry (Rubus geoides Sm.) increases intracellular GSH content and protects against H2O2 and methylglyoxal-induced damage in AGS cells. Food Chem 2016; 194:908-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.08.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Lin CC, Chan CM, Huang YP, Hsu SH, Huang CL, Tsai SJ. Methylglyoxal activates NF-κB nuclear translocation and induces COX-2 expression via a p38-dependent pathway in synovial cells. Life Sci 2016; 149:25-33. [PMID: 26898122 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS There is growing evidence of an increased prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) among people with diabetes. Synovial inflammation and increased expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) are two key features of patients with OA. Methylglyoxal (MGO) is a common intermediate in the formation of advanced glycation end-products, and its concentration is also typically higher in diabetes. In this study, we investigated the effects of the treatment of different MGO concentrations to rabbit HIG-82 synovial cells on COX-2 expression. MAIN METHODS The MGO induced COX-2 mRNA expression was detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The MGO induced COX-2 protein production and its signaling pathways were detected by western blotting. The nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) nuclear translocation by MGO was examined by immunofluorescence. KEY FINDINGS In the present study, we find that MGO has no toxic effects on rabbit synovial cells under the experimental conditions. Our analysis demonstrates that MGO induced COX-2 mRNA and protein production. Moreover, MGO induces p38-dependent COX-2 protein expression as well as the phosphorylations of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/p70S6K; however, inhibition of JNK and Akt/mTOR/p70S6K phosphorylations further activates COX-2 protein expression. Furthermore, MGO is shown to activate of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) nuclear translocation. SIGNIFICANCE Our results suggest that MGO can induce COX-2 expression via a p38-dependent pathway and activate NF-κB nuclear translocation in synovial cells. These results provide insight into the pathogenesis of the synovial inflammation under the diabetic condition associated with higher MGO levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Chao Lin
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chung Shan Medical University, School of Medicine and Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ming Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Pin Huang
- Medical Research Center, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hao Hsu
- Medical Research Center, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Lin Huang
- Medical Research Center, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Su-Ju Tsai
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chung Shan Medical University, School of Medicine and Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.
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Kong X, Wang GD, Ma MZ, Deng RY, Guo LQ, Zhang JX, Yang JR, Su Q. Sesamin Ameliorates Advanced Glycation End Products-Induced Pancreatic β-Cell Dysfunction and Apoptosis. Nutrients 2015; 7:4689-704. [PMID: 26066015 PMCID: PMC4488808 DOI: 10.3390/nu7064689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), the direct modulators of β-cells, have been shown to cause insulin-producing β-cell dysfunction and apoptosis through increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Sesamin has been demonstrated to possess antioxidative activity. This study was designed to investigate whether sesamin protects against AGEs-evoked β-cell damage via its antioxidant property. The effects of sesamin were examined in C57BL/6J mice and MIN6 cell line. In in vivo studies, mice were intraperitoneally injected with AGEs (120 mg/kg) and orally treated with sesamin (160 mg/kg) for four weeks. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance and insulin releasing tests were performed. Insulin content, ROS generation and β-cell apoptosis in pancreatic islets were also measured. In in vitro studies, MIN6 cells were pretreated with sesamin (50 or 100 μM) and then exposed to AGEs (200 mg/L) for 24 h. Insulin secretion, β-cell death, ROS production as well as expression and activity of NADPH oxidase were determined. Sesamin treatment obviously ameliorated AGE-induced β-cell dysfunction and apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro. These effects were associated with decreased ROS production, down-regulated expression of p67phox and p22phox, and reduced NADPH oxidase activity. These results suggest that sesamin protects β-cells from damage caused by AGEs through suppressing NADPH oxidase-mediated oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Kong
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.
- Department of Pharmacology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Guo-Dong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Ming-Zhe Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Ru-Yuan Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Li-Qun Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Jun-Xiu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Jie-Ren Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Qing Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.
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