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Tangherlini M, Corinaldesi C, Ape F, Greco S, Romeo T, Andaloro F, Danovaro R. Ocean Acidification Induces Changes in Virus-Host Relationships in Mediterranean Benthic Ecosystems. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9040769. [PMID: 33917639 PMCID: PMC8067541 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9040769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Acidified marine systems represent "natural laboratories", which provide opportunities to investigate the impacts of ocean acidification on different living components, including microbes. Here, we compared the benthic microbial response in four naturally acidified sites within the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea characterized by different acidification sources (i.e., CO2 emissions at Ischia, mixed gases at Panarea and Basiluzzo and acidified freshwater from karst rocks at Presidiana) and pH values. We investigated prokaryotic abundance, activity and biodiversity, viral abundance and prokaryotic infections, along with the biochemical composition of the sediment organic matter. We found that, despite differences in local environmental dynamics, viral life strategies change in acidified conditions from mainly lytic to temperate lifestyles (e.g., chronic infection), also resulting in a lowered impact on prokaryotic communities, which shift towards (chemo)autotrophic assemblages, with lower organic matter consumption. Taken together, these results suggest that ocean acidification exerts a deep control on microbial benthic assemblages, with important feedbacks on ecosystem functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Tangherlini
- Fano Marine Centre, Department of Research Infrastructures for Marine Biological Resources, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Viale Adriatico 1-N, 61032 Fano, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (C.C.)
| | - Cinzia Corinaldesi
- Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (C.C.)
| | - Francesca Ape
- Institute of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in Marine Environment-National Research Council (IAS-CNR), Lungomare Cristoforo Colombo n. 4521 (ex Complesso Roosevelt), Località Addaura, 90149 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Silvestro Greco
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Po 25c, 00198 Rome, Italy;
| | - Teresa Romeo
- Sicily Marine Centre, Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via dei Mille 46, 98057 Milazzo, Italy or (T.R.); (F.A.)
- National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, ISPRA Via dei Mille 46, 98057 Milazzo, Italy
| | - Franco Andaloro
- Sicily Marine Centre, Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via dei Mille 46, 98057 Milazzo, Italy or (T.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Roberto Danovaro
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy;
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2
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Biagi E, Caroselli E, Barone M, Pezzimenti M, Teixido N, Soverini M, Rampelli S, Turroni S, Gambi MC, Brigidi P, Goffredo S, Candela M. Patterns in microbiome composition differ with ocean acidification in anatomic compartments of the Mediterranean coral Astroides calycularis living at CO 2 vents. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 724:138048. [PMID: 32251879 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Coral microbiomes, the complex microbial communities associated with the different anatomic compartments of the coral, provide important functions for the host's survival, such as nutrient cycling at the host's surface, prevention of pathogens colonization, and promotion of nutrient uptake. Microbiomes are generally referred to as plastic entities, able to adapt their composition and functionality in response to environmental change, with a possible impact on coral acclimatization to phenomena related to climate change, such as ocean acidification. Ocean sites characterized by natural gradients of pCO2 provide models for investigating the ability of marine organisms to acclimatize to decreasing seawater pH. Here we compared the microbiome of the temperate, shallow water, non-symbiotic solitary coral Astroides calycularis that naturally lives at a volcanic CO2 vent in Ischia Island (Naples, Italy), with that of corals living in non-acidified sites at the same island. Bacterial DNA associated with the different anatomic compartments (mucus, tissue and skeleton) of A. calycularis was differentially extracted and a total of 68 samples were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In terms of phylogenetic composition, the microbiomes associated with the different coral anatomic compartments were different from each other and from the microbial communities of the surrounding seawater. Of all the anatomic compartments, the mucus-associated microbiome differed the most between the control and acidified sites. The differences detected in the microbial communities associated to the three anatomic compartments included a general increase in subdominant bacterial groups, some of which are known to be involved in different stages of the nitrogen cycle, such as potential nitrogen fixing bacteria and bacteria able to degrade organic nitrogen. Our data therefore suggests a potential increase of nitrogen fixation and recycling in A. calycularis living close to the CO2 vent system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Biagi
- Unit of Holobiont Microbiome and Microbiome Engineering (HolobioME), Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Erik Caroselli
- Marine Science Group, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy; Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies, viale Adriatico 1/N, 61032 Fano, Pesaro Urbino, Italy
| | - Monica Barone
- Unit of Holobiont Microbiome and Microbiome Engineering (HolobioME), Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina Pezzimenti
- Marine Science Group, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Nuria Teixido
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, 181 chemin du Lazaret, F-06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France; Villa Dohrn-Benthic Ecology Center, Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80077 Ischia (Naples), Italy
| | - Matteo Soverini
- Unit of Holobiont Microbiome and Microbiome Engineering (HolobioME), Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Simone Rampelli
- Unit of Holobiont Microbiome and Microbiome Engineering (HolobioME), Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Turroni
- Unit of Holobiont Microbiome and Microbiome Engineering (HolobioME), Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Gambi
- Villa Dohrn-Benthic Ecology Center, Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80077 Ischia (Naples), Italy
| | - Patrizia Brigidi
- Unit of Holobiont Microbiome and Microbiome Engineering (HolobioME), Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Goffredo
- Marine Science Group, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy; Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies, viale Adriatico 1/N, 61032 Fano, Pesaro Urbino, Italy.
| | - Marco Candela
- Unit of Holobiont Microbiome and Microbiome Engineering (HolobioME), Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy; Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies, viale Adriatico 1/N, 61032 Fano, Pesaro Urbino, Italy.
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3
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Mensch B, Neulinger SC, Künzel S, Wahl M, Schmitz RA. Warming, but Not Acidification, Restructures Epibacterial Communities of the Baltic Macroalga Fucus vesiculosus With Seasonal Variability. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1471. [PMID: 32676070 PMCID: PMC7333354 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to ocean acidification and global warming, surface seawater of the western Baltic Sea is expected to reach an average of ∼1100 μatm pCO2 and an increase of ∼5°C by the year 2100. In four consecutive experiments (spanning 10-11 weeks each) in all seasons within 1 year, the abiotic factors temperature (+5°C above in situ) and pCO2 (adjusted to ∼1100 μatm) were tested for their single and combined effects on epibacterial communities of the brown macroalga Fucus vesiculosus and on bacteria present in the surrounding seawater. The experiments were set up in three biological replicates using the Kiel Outdoor Benthocosm facility (Kiel, Germany). Phylogenetic analyses of the respective microbiota were performed by bacterial 16S (V1-V2) rDNA Illumina MiSeq amplicon sequencing after 0, 4, 8, and 10/11 weeks per season. The results demonstrate (I) that the bacterial community composition varied in time and (II) that relationships between operational taxonomic units (OTUs) within an OTU association network were mainly governed by the habitat. (III) Neither single pCO2 nor pCO2:Temperature interaction effects were statistically significant. However, significant impact of ocean warming was detected varying among seasons. (IV) An indicator OTU (iOTU) analysis identified several iOTUs that were strongly influenced by temperature in spring, summer, and winter. In the warming treatments of these three seasons, we observed decreasing numbers of bacteria that are commonly associated with a healthy marine microbial community and-particularly during spring and summer-an increase in potentially pathogenic and bacteria related to intensified microfouling. This might lead to severe consequences for the F. vesiculosus holobiont finally affecting the marine ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birte Mensch
- Department of Biology, Institute of General Microbiology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sven C. Neulinger
- Department of Biology, Institute of General Microbiology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- omics2view.consulting GbR, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sven Künzel
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
| | - Martin Wahl
- Marine Ecology Division, Research Unit Experimental Ecology, Benthic Ecology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ruth A. Schmitz
- Department of Biology, Institute of General Microbiology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
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Tan K, Zheng H. Ocean acidification and adaptive bivalve farming. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 701:134794. [PMID: 31715479 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Multiple lines of evidence, ranging from time series field observations to climate change stimulation experiments demonstrate the negative effects of global warming and ocean acidification (OA) on bivalve molluscs. The impact of global warming on bivalve aquaculture has recently been reviewed. However, the impact of OA on bivalve aquaculture has received relatively less attention. Although there are many reports on the effects of OA on bivalves, this information is poorly organized and the connection between OA and bivalve aquaculture is unclear. Therefore, understanding the potential impact of acidification on ecosystems and bivalve aquaculture is of prime importance. Here, we provide a comprehensive scientific review of the impact of OA on bivalves and propose mitigation measures for future bivalve farming. This information will help to establish aquaculture and fisheries management plans to be implemented in commercial fisheries and nature conservation. In general, scientific evidence suggests that OA threatens bivalves by diminishing the availability of carbonate minerals, which may adversely affect the development of early life stages, calcification, growth, byssus attachment and survival of bivalves. The Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) approach is a useful method in slowing the effects of climate change, thereby providing longer adaptation period for bivalves to changing ocean conditions. However, for certain regions that experience intense OA effects or for certain bivalve species that have much longer generational time, IMTA alone may not be sufficient to protect bivalves from the adverse effects of climate change. Therefore, it is highly recommended to combine IMTA and genetic breeding methods to facilitate transgenerational acclimation or evolution processes to enhance the climate resilience of bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsoon Tan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Mariculture Research Center for Subtropical Shellfish & Algae of Guangdong Province, Shantou 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Huaiping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Mariculture Research Center for Subtropical Shellfish & Algae of Guangdong Province, Shantou 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China.
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5
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Yu T, Chen Y. Effects of elevated carbon dioxide on environmental microbes and its mechanisms: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 655:865-879. [PMID: 30481713 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Before the industrial revolution, the atmospheric CO2 concentration was 180-330 ppm; however, fossil-fuel combustion and forest destruction have led to increased atmospheric CO2 concentration. CO2 capture and storage is regarded as a promising strategy to prevent global warming and ocean acidification and to alleviate elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration, but the leakage of CO2 from storage system can lead to rapid acidification of the surrounding circumstance, which might cause negative influence on environmental microbes. The effects of elevated CO2 on microbes have been reported extensively, but the review regarding CO2 affecting different environmental microorganisms has never been done previously. Also, the mechanisms of CO2 affecting environmental microorganisms are usually contributed to the change of pH values, while the direct influences of CO2 on microorganisms were often neglected. This paper aimed to provide a systematic review of elevated CO2 affecting environmental microbes and its mechanisms. Firstly, the influences of elevated CO2 and potential leakage of CO2 from storage sites on community structures and diversity of different surrounding environmental microbes were assessed and compared. Secondly, the adverse impacts of CO2 on microbial growth, cell morphology and membranes, bacterial spores, and microbial metabolism were introduced. Then, based on biochemical principles and knowledge of microbiology and molecular biology, the fundamental mechanisms of the influences of carbon dioxide on environmental microbes were discussed from the aspects of enzyme activity, electron generation and transfer, and key gene and protein expressions. Finally, key questions relevant to the environmental effect of CO2 that need to be answered in the future were addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yinguang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
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6
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Louvado A, Coelho FJRC, Gomes H, Cleary DFR, Cunha Â, Gomes NCM. Independent and interactive effects of reduced seawater pH and oil contamination on subsurface sediment bacterial communities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:32756-32766. [PMID: 30244446 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3214-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification may exacerbate the environmental impact of oil hydrocarbon pollution by disrupting the core composition of the superficial (0-1 cm) benthic bacterial communities. However, at the subsurface sediments (approximately 5 cm below sea floor), the local biochemical characteristics and the superjacent sediment barrier may buffer these environmental changes. In this study, we used a microcosm experimental approach to access the independent and interactive effects of reduced seawater pH and oil contamination on the composition of subsurface benthic bacterial communities, at two time points, by 16S rRNA gene-based high-throughput sequencing. An in-depth taxa-specific variance analysis revealed that the independent effects of reduced seawater pH and oil contamination were significant predictors of changes in the relative abundance of some specific bacterial groups (e.g., Firmicutes, Rhizobiales, and Desulfobulbaceae). However, our results indicated that the overall microbial community structure was not affected by independent and interactive effects of reduced pH and oil contamination. This study provides evidence that bacterial communities inhabiting subsurface sediment may be less susceptible to the effects of oil contamination in a scenario of reduced seawater pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- António Louvado
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Francisco J R C Coelho
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Hélder Gomes
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Daniel F R Cleary
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ângela Cunha
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Newton C M Gomes
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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7
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Danovaro R, Corinaldesi C, Dell'Anno A, Rastelli E. Potential impact of global climate change on benthic deep-sea microbes. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2018; 364:4553516. [PMID: 29045616 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnx214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Benthic deep-sea environments are the largest ecosystem on Earth, covering ∼65% of the Earth surface. Microbes inhabiting this huge biome at all water depths represent the most abundant biological components and a relevant portion of the biomass of the biosphere, and play a crucial role in global biogeochemical cycles. Increasing evidence suggests that global climate changes are affecting also deep-sea ecosystems, both directly (causing shifts in bottom-water temperature, oxygen concentration and pH) and indirectly (through changes in surface oceans' productivity and in the consequent export of organic matter to the seafloor). However, the responses of the benthic deep-sea biota to such shifts remain largely unknown. This applies particularly to deep-sea microbes, which include bacteria, archaea, microeukaryotes and their viruses. Understanding the potential impacts of global change on the benthic deep-sea microbial assemblages and the consequences on the functioning of the ocean interior is a priority to better forecast the potential consequences at global scale. Here we explore the potential changes in the benthic deep-sea microbiology expected in the coming decades using case studies on specific systems used as test models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Danovaro
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.,Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy
| | - Cinzia Corinaldesi
- Department of Sciences and Engineering of Materials, Environment and Urbanistics, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Dell'Anno
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Eugenio Rastelli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.,Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy
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8
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Zha S, Liu S, Su W, Shi W, Xiao G, Yan M, Liu G. Laboratory simulation reveals significant impacts of ocean acidification on microbial community composition and host-pathogen interactions between the blood clam and Vibrio harveyi. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 71:393-398. [PMID: 29056489 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
It has been suggested that climate change may promote the outbreaks of diseases in the sea through altering the host susceptibility, the pathogen virulence, and the host-pathogen interaction. However, the impacts of ocean acidification (OA) on the pathogen components of bacterial community and the host-pathogen interaction of marine bivalves are still poorly understood. Therefore, 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and host-pathogen interaction analysis between blood clam (Tegillarca granosa) and Vibrio harveyi were conducted in the present study to gain a better understanding of the ecological impacts of ocean acidification. The results obtained revealed a significant impact of ocean acidification on the composition of microbial community at laboratory scale. Notably, the abundance of Vibrio, a major group of pathogens to many marine organisms, was significantly increased under ocean acidification condition. In addition, the survival rate and haemolytic activity of V. harveyi were significantly higher in the presence of haemolymph of OA treated T. granosa, indicating a compromised immunity of the clam and enhanced virulence of V. harveyi under future ocean acidification scenarios. Conclusively, the results obtained in this study suggest that future ocean acidification may increase the risk of Vibrio pathogen infection for marine bivalve species, such as blood clams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanjie Zha
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Saixi Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Wenhao Su
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Wei Shi
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Guoqiang Xiao
- Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Maocang Yan
- Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Guangxu Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China.
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9
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Currie AR, Tait K, Parry H, de Francisco-Mora B, Hicks N, Osborn AM, Widdicombe S, Stahl H. Marine Microbial Gene Abundance and Community Composition in Response to Ocean Acidification and Elevated Temperature in Two Contrasting Coastal Marine Sediments. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1599. [PMID: 28878754 PMCID: PMC5572232 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine ecosystems are exposed to a range of human-induced climate stressors, in particular changing carbonate chemistry and elevated sea surface temperatures as a consequence of climate change. More research effort is needed to reduce uncertainties about the effects of global-scale warming and acidification for benthic microbial communities, which drive sedimentary biogeochemical cycles. In this research, mesocosm experiments were set up using muddy and sandy coastal sediments to investigate the independent and interactive effects of elevated carbon dioxide concentrations (750 ppm CO2) and elevated temperature (ambient +4°C) on the abundance of taxonomic and functional microbial genes. Specific quantitative PCR primers were used to target archaeal, bacterial, and cyanobacterial/chloroplast 16S rRNA in both sediment types. Nitrogen cycling genes archaeal and bacterial ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) and bacterial nitrite reductase (nirS) were specifically targeted to identify changes in microbial gene abundance and potential impacts on nitrogen cycling. In muddy sediment, microbial gene abundance, including amoA and nirS genes, increased under elevated temperature and reduced under elevated CO2 after 28 days, accompanied by shifts in community composition. In contrast, the combined stressor treatment showed a non-additive effect with lower microbial gene abundance throughout the experiment. The response of microbial communities in the sandy sediment was less pronounced, with the most noticeable response seen in the archaeal gene abundances in response to environmental stressors over time. 16S rRNA genes (amoA and nirS) were lower in abundance in the combined stressor treatments in sandy sediments. Our results indicated that marine benthic microorganisms, especially in muddy sediments, are susceptible to changes in ocean carbonate chemistry and seawater temperature, which ultimately may have an impact upon key benthic biogeochemical cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh R. Currie
- Biogeochemistry and Earth Science, Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine InstituteOban, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Tait
- Plymouth Marine LaboratoryPlymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Parry
- Plymouth Marine LaboratoryPlymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Beatriz de Francisco-Mora
- Biogeochemistry and Earth Science, Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine InstituteOban, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie Hicks
- Biogeochemistry and Earth Science, Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine InstituteOban, United Kingdom
| | - A. Mark Osborn
- School of Biological Sciences, University of HullHull, United Kingdom
- School of Science, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, BundooraVIC, Australia
| | | | - Henrik Stahl
- Biogeochemistry and Earth Science, Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine InstituteOban, United Kingdom
- Natural Science and Public Health, Zayed UniversityDubai, United Arab Emirates
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10
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Godbold JA, Hale R, Wood CL, Solan M. Vulnerability of macronutrients to the concurrent effects of enhanced temperature and atmospheric pCO 2 in representative shelf sea sediment habitats. BIOGEOCHEMISTRY 2017; 135:89-102. [PMID: 32009693 PMCID: PMC6961501 DOI: 10.1007/s10533-017-0340-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Fundamental changes in seawater carbonate chemistry and sea surface temperatures associated with the ocean uptake of anthropogenic CO2 are accelerating, but investigations of the susceptibility of biogeochemical processes to the simultaneous occurrence of multiple components of climate change are uncommon. Here, we quantify how concurrent changes in enhanced temperature and atmospheric pCO2, coupled with an associated shift in macrofaunal community structure and behavior (sediment particle reworking and bioirrigation), modify net carbon and nutrient concentrations (NH4-N, NOx-N, PO4-P) in representative shelf sea sediment habitats (mud, sandy-mud, muddy-sand and sand) of the Celtic Sea. We show that net concentrations of organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphate are, irrespective of sediment type, largely unaffected by a simultaneous increase in temperature and atmospheric pCO2. However, our analyses also reveal that a reduction in macrofaunal species richness and total abundance occurs under future environmental conditions, varies across a gradient of cohesive to non-cohesive sediments, and negatively moderates biogeochemical processes, in particular nitrification. Our findings indicate that future environmental conditions are unlikely to have strong direct effects on biogeochemical processes but, particularly in muddy sands, the abundance, activity, composition and functional role of invertebrate communities are likely to be altered in ways that will be sufficient to regulate the function of the microbial community and the availability of nutrients in shelf sea waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin A. Godbold
- Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, University of Southampton, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH UK
- Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Rachel Hale
- Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, University of Southampton, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH UK
| | - Christina L. Wood
- Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, University of Southampton, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH UK
| | - Martin Solan
- Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, University of Southampton, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH UK
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11
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Bergen B, Endres S, Engel A, Zark M, Dittmar T, Sommer U, Jürgens K. Acidification and warming affect prominent bacteria in two seasonal phytoplankton bloom mesocosms. Environ Microbiol 2016; 18:4579-4595. [PMID: 27690275 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.13549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to clear stimulatory effects of rising temperature, recent studies of the effects of CO2 on planktonic bacteria have reported conflicting results. To better understand the potential impact of predicted climate scenarios on the development and performance of bacterial communities, we performed bifactorial mesocosm experiments (pCO2 and temperature) with Baltic Sea water, during a diatom dominated bloom in autumn and a mixed phytoplankton bloom in summer. The development of bacterial community composition (BCC) followed well-known algal bloom dynamics. A principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) of bacterial OTUs (operational taxonomic units) revealed that phytoplankton succession and temperature were the major variables structuring the bacterial community whereas the impact of pCO2 was weak. Prokaryotic abundance and carbon production, and organic matter concentration and composition were partly affected by temperature but not by increased pCO2 . However, pCO2 did have significant and potentially direct effects on the relative abundance of several dominant OTUs; in some cases, these effects were accompanied by an antagonistic impact of temperature. Our results suggest the necessity of high-resolution BCC analyses and statistical analyses at the OTU level to detect the strong impact of CO2 on specific bacterial groups, which in turn might also influence specific organic matter degradation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Bergen
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde (IOW), Biological Oceanography, Seestrasse 15, Rostock, D-18119, Germany
| | - Sonja Endres
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Biological Oceanography, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, Kiel, D-24105, Germany
| | - Anja Engel
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Biological Oceanography, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, Kiel, D-24105, Germany
| | - Maren Zark
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Marine Geochemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 911, Oldenburg, D-26113, Germany
| | - Thorsten Dittmar
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Marine Geochemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 911, Oldenburg, D-26113, Germany
| | - Ulrich Sommer
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Biological Oceanography, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, Kiel, D-24105, Germany
| | - Klaus Jürgens
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde (IOW), Biological Oceanography, Seestrasse 15, Rostock, D-18119, Germany
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12
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Ntougias S, Polkowska Ż, Nikolaki S, Dionyssopoulou E, Stathopoulou P, Doudoumis V, Ruman M, Kozak K, Namieśnik J, Tsiamis G. Bacterial Community Structures in Freshwater Polar Environments of Svalbard. Microbes Environ 2016; 31:401-409. [PMID: 27725345 PMCID: PMC5158112 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me16074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Two thirds of Svalbard archipelago islands in the High Arctic are permanently covered with glacial ice and snow. Polar bacterial communities in the southern part of Svalbard were characterized using an amplicon sequencing approach. A total of 52,928 pyrosequencing reads were analyzed in order to reveal bacterial community structures in stream and lake surface water samples from the Fuglebekken and Revvatnet basins of southern Svalbard. Depending on the samples examined, bacterial communities at a higher taxonomic level mainly consisted either of Bacteroidetes, Betaproteobacteria, and Microgenomates (OP11) or Planctomycetes, Betaproteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes members, whereas a population of Microgenomates was prominent in 2 samples. At the lower taxonomic level, bacterial communities mostly comprised Microgenomates, Comamonadaceae, Flavobacteriaceae, Legionellales, SM2F11, Parcubacteria (OD1), and TM7 members at different proportions in each sample. The abundance of OTUs shared in common among samples was greater than 70%, with the exception of samples in which the proliferation of Planctomycetaceae, Phycisphaeraceae, and Candidatus Methylacidiphilum spp. lowered their relative abundance. A multi-variable analysis indicated that As, Pb, and Sb were the main environmental factors influencing bacterial profiles. We concluded that the bacterial communities in the polar aquatic ecosystems examined mainly consisted of freshwater and marine microorganisms involved in detritus mineralization, with a high proportion of zooplankton-associated taxa also being identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Ntougias
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace
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13
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Hassenrück C, Fink A, Lichtschlag A, Tegetmeyer HE, de Beer D, Ramette A. Quantification of the effects of ocean acidification on sediment microbial communities in the environment: the importance of ecosystem approaches. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2016; 92:fiw027. [PMID: 26887661 PMCID: PMC4828923 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiw027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand how ocean acidification (OA) influences sediment microbial communities, naturally CO2-rich sites are increasingly being used as OA analogues. However, the characterization of these naturally CO2-rich sites is often limited to OA-related variables, neglecting additional environmental variables that may confound OA effects. Here, we used an extensive array of sediment and bottom water parameters to evaluate pH effects on sediment microbial communities at hydrothermal CO2 seeps in Papua New Guinea. The geochemical composition of the sediment pore water showed variations in the hydrothermal signature at seep sites with comparable pH, allowing the identification of sites that may better represent future OA scenarios. At these sites, we detected a 60% shift in the microbial community composition compared with reference sites, mostly related to increases in Chloroflexi sequences. pH was among the factors significantly, yet not mainly, explaining changes in microbial community composition. pH variation may therefore often not be the primary cause of microbial changes when sampling is done along complex environmental gradients. Thus, we recommend an ecosystem approach when assessing OA effects on sediment microbial communities under natural conditions. This will enable a more reliable quantification of OA effects via a reduction of potential confounding effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Hassenrück
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Artur Fink
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Anna Lichtschlag
- National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton Waterfront Campus, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK
| | - Halina E Tegetmeyer
- Center for Biotechnology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Dirk de Beer
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Alban Ramette
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern University, Finkenhubelweg 11, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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14
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Beltrán Y, Cerqueda-García D, Taş N, Thomé PE, Iglesias-Prieto R, Falcón LI. Microbial composition of biofilms associated with lithifying rubble of Acropora palmata branches. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2015; 92:fiv162. [PMID: 26705570 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiv162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coral reefs are among the most productive ecosystems on the planet, but are rapidly declining due to global-warming-mediated changes in the oceans. Particularly for the Caribbean region, Acropora sp. stony corals have lost ∼80% of their original coverage, resulting in vast extensions of dead coral rubble. We analyzed the microbial composition of biofilms that colonize and lithify dead Acropora palmata rubble in the Mexican Caribbean and identified the microbial assemblages that can persist under scenarios of global change, including high temperature and low pH. Lithifying biofilms have a mineral composition that includes aragonite and magnesium calcite (16 mole% MgCO(3)) and calcite, while the mineral phase corresponding to coral skeleton is basically aragonite. Microbial composition of the lithifying biofilms are different in comparison to surrounding biotopes, including a microbial mat, water column, sediments and live A. palmata microbiome. Significant shifts in biofilm composition were detected in samples incubated in mesocosms. The combined effect of low pH and increased temperature showed a strong effect after two-week incubations for biofilm composition. Findings suggest that lithifying biofilms could remain as a secondary structure on reef rubble possibly impacting the functional role of coral reefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yislem Beltrán
- Laboratorio de Ecología Bacteriana, Instituto de Ecología, UNAM, D.F., México 04510, Mexico
| | - Daniel Cerqueda-García
- Laboratorio de Ecología Bacteriana, Instituto de Ecología, UNAM, D.F., México 04510, Mexico
| | - Neslihan Taş
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Ecology Department, Earth & Environmental Sciences, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Patricia E Thomé
- Unidad Académica de Sistemas Arrecifales, Puerto Morelos, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, UNAM. Ado. Post. 1152, Cancun, QR, México 77500, Mexico
| | - Roberto Iglesias-Prieto
- Unidad Académica de Sistemas Arrecifales, Puerto Morelos, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, UNAM. Ado. Post. 1152, Cancun, QR, México 77500, Mexico
| | - Luisa I Falcón
- Laboratorio de Ecología Bacteriana, Instituto de Ecología, UNAM, D.F., México 04510, Mexico
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15
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Tait K, Beesley A, Findlay HS, McNeill CL, Widdicombe S. Elevated CO2induces a bloom of microphytobenthos within a shell gravel mesocosm. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiv092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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16
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Braeckman U, Van Colen C, Guilini K, Van Gansbeke D, Soetaert K, Vincx M, Vanaverbeke J. Empirical evidence reveals seasonally dependent reduction in nitrification in coastal sediments subjected to near future ocean acidification. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108153. [PMID: 25329898 PMCID: PMC4199590 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Research so far has provided little evidence that benthic biogeochemical cycling is affected by ocean acidification under realistic climate change scenarios. We measured nutrient exchange and sediment community oxygen consumption (SCOC) rates to estimate nitrification in natural coastal permeable and fine sandy sediments under pre-phytoplankton bloom and bloom conditions. Ocean acidification, as mimicked in the laboratory by a realistic pH decrease of 0.3, significantly reduced SCOC on average by 60% and benthic nitrification rates on average by 94% in both sediment types in February (pre-bloom period), but not in April (bloom period). No changes in macrofauna functional community (density, structural and functional diversity) were observed between ambient and acidified conditions, suggesting that changes in benthic biogeochemical cycling were predominantly mediated by changes in the activity of the microbial community during the short-term incubations (14 days), rather than by changes in engineering effects of bioturbating and bio-irrigating macrofauna. As benthic nitrification makes up the gross of ocean nitrification, a slowdown of this nitrogen cycling pathway in both permeable and fine sediments in winter, could therefore have global impacts on coupled nitrification-denitrification and hence eventually on pelagic nutrient availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Braeckman
- Ghent University, Department of Biology, Marine Biology Research Group, Ghent, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Carl Van Colen
- Ghent University, Department of Biology, Marine Biology Research Group, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katja Guilini
- Ghent University, Department of Biology, Marine Biology Research Group, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dirk Van Gansbeke
- Ghent University, Department of Biology, Marine Biology Research Group, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karline Soetaert
- Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Ecosystem Studies, Yerseke, The Netherlands
| | - Magda Vincx
- Ghent University, Department of Biology, Marine Biology Research Group, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan Vanaverbeke
- Ghent University, Department of Biology, Marine Biology Research Group, Ghent, Belgium
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17
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Wang Y, Bagnoud A, Suvorova E, McGivney E, Chesaux L, Phrommavanh V, Descostes M, Bernier-Latmani R. Geochemical control on uranium(IV) mobility in a mining-impacted wetland. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:10062-10070. [PMID: 25050937 DOI: 10.1021/es501556d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Wetlands often act as sinks for uranium and other trace elements. Our previous work at a mining-impacted wetland in France showed that a labile noncrystalline U(IV) species consisting of U(IV) bound to Al-P-Fe-Si aggregates was predominant in the soil at locations exhibiting a U-containing clay-rich layer within the top 30 cm. Additionally, in the porewater, the association of U(IV) with Fe(II) and organic matter colloids significantly increased U(IV) mobility in the wetland. In the present study, within the same wetland, we further demonstrate that the speciation of U at a location not impacted by the clay-rich layer is a different noncrystalline U(IV) species, consisting of U(IV) bound to organic matter in soil. We also show that the clay-poor location includes an abundant sulfate supply and active microbial sulfate reduction that induce substantial pyrite (FeS2) precipitation. As a result, Fe(II) concentrations in the porewater are much lower than those at clay-impacted zones. U porewater concentrations (0.02-0.26 μM) are also considerably lower than those at the clay-impacted locations (0.21-3.4 μM) resulting in minimal U mobility. In both cases, soil-associated U represents more than 99% of U in the wetland. We conclude that the low U mobility reported at clay-poor locations is due to the limited association of Fe(II) with organic matter colloids in porewater and/or higher stability of the noncrystalline U(IV) species in soil at those locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuheng Wang
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) - Environmental Microbiology Laboratory (EML) EPFL-ENAC-IIE-EML, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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